ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND IT’S APPLICATIONS

1. Prof. Pratik S. Yawale

Assistant Professor, CSE Dept., P.R. Pote College of Engineering & Management, Amravati.
2. Prof. Devendra G. Ingale
Assistant Professor, CSE Dept., Dr. Rajendra Gode Institute of Technology & Research, Amravati.

Abstract:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is truly a revolutionary branch of computer science, set to become a core
component of all modern software over the coming years and decades. This creates a threat, but also
an opportunity. AI will be deployed to augment both defensive and offensive cyber operations.
Additionally, new ways of cyber-attack are invented to take advantage of the particular weaknesses of
AI technology. AI is broadly characterized as the study of computations that allow for perception,
reason and action. Today, the amount of data generated, by both humans and machines, far outpaces
humans ability to absorb, interpret, and make complex decisions based on that data. This paper
examines features of Artificial Intelligence, applications, growth and achievements.
KEYWORDS- AI, Machine Learning, Deep learning, Neural networks, Natural Language Processing,
Automation and Robotics
INTRODUCTION:
In general terms, AI refers to computational tool that is able to substitute for human intelligence in the
performance of certain tasks. This technology is currently advancing at a breakneck pace, much like the
exponential growth experienced by database technology in the late twentieth century. The central principle
of AI includes reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, communication, perception and the ability to move
and manipulate objects. It is the science of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer
programs. One of the essential purposes of AI is to automate tasks that previously would have required
human intelligence.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE METHODS:

Machine Learning is one of the applications of AI where machines are not explicitly programmed to
perform certain tasks; rather, they learn and improve from experience automatically. Deep Learning is a
subset of machine learning based on artificial neural networks for predictive analysis. There are various
machine learning algorithms, such as Unsupervised Learning, Supervised Learning, and Reinforcement
Learning. In Unsupervised Learning, the algorithm does not use classified information to act on it without
any guidance. In Supervised Learning, it deduces a function from the training data, which consists of a set of
an input object and the desired output. Reinforcement learning is used by machines to take suitable actions
to increase the reward to find the best possibility which should be taken in to account.
Natural Language Processing (NLP): It is the interactions between computers and human language where
the computers are programmed to process natural languages. In NLP, the audio of a human talk is captured
by the machine. Then the audio to text conversation occurs, and then the text is processed where the data is
converted into audio. Then the machine uses the audio to respond to humans. Applications of Natural
Language Processing can be found in IVR (Interactive Voice Response) applications used in call centres,
language translation applications like Google Translate and word processors such as Microsoft Word to
check the accuracy of grammar in text.
Automation and Robotics: Automation aims to improve productivity and efficiency by having machines
perform monotonous and repetitive tasks which results in cost-effective outcome. Organizations use
machine learning, neural networks, and graphs in automation. Using CAPTCHA technology, such
automation prevents fraud issues during online financial transactions. Programmers create robotic process
automation to perform high-volume repetitive task that can adapt changes in different circumstances.
Machine Vision: Machines can capture visual information and then analyze it. This process involves using
cameras to capture visual information, converting the analog image to digital data, and processing the data
through digital signal processing. The usage of machine vision can be found in signature identification,
pattern recognition, medical image analysis, etc.

APPLICATIONS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:

1. Healthcare: One of the foremost deep-lying impacts which AI has created is within the Healthcare space.
A device, as common as a Fitbit or an iWatch, collects a lot of data like the sleep patterns of the individual,
the calories burnt by him, heart rate and a lot more which can help with early detection, personalization,
even disease diagnosis. This device, when powered with AI can easily monitor and notify abnormal trends.
This can even schedule a visit to the closest Doctor by itself and therefore, it’s also of great help to the
doctors who can get help in making decisions and research with AI.
2. Automobile: At this stage where automobiles changing from an engine with a chassis around it to a
software-controlled intelligent machine, the role of AI cannot be underestimated. The goal of self-driving
cars, during which Autopilot by Tesla has been the frontrunner, takes up data from all the Tesla’s running on
the road and uses it in machine learning algorithms. The assessment of both chips is later matched by the
system and followed if the input from both is the same.
3. Banking and Finance: One of the early adopter of Artificial Intelligence is the Banking and Finance
Industry. From Chatbots offered by banks, for instance , SIA by depository financial institution of India, to
intelligent robo-traders by Aidya and Nomura Securities for autonomous, high-frequency trading, the uses
are innumerable. Features like AI bots, digital payment advisers and biometric fraud detection mechanisms
cause higher quality of services to a wider customer base.
4. Social Media: All of us love Social Media. Social Media is not just a platform for networking and
expressing oneself. It subconsciously shapes our choices, ideologies, and temperament. All this due to the
synthetic Intelligence tools which work silently within the background, showing us posts that we “might”
like and advertising products that “might” be useful based on our search and browsing history. For example,
recently Instagram revealed how it’s been using AI to customize content for the Explore Tab. This helps
with social media advertising because of its unprecedented ability to run paid ads to platform users based on
highly granular demographic and behavioral targeting.
5. Education: In the education sector also, there are a number of problems which will be solved by the
implementation of AI. A few of them being automated marking software, content retention techniques and
suggesting improvements that are required. This can help the teachers monitor not just the academic but also
the psychological, mental and physical well being of the students but also their all-round development. This
would also help in extending the reach of education to areas where quality educators can’t be present
physically.
6. Space Exploration: AI systems are being developed to scale back the danger of human life that venture
into the vast realms of the undiscovered and unraveled universe which is a very risky task that the astronauts
need to take up. As a result, unmanned space exploration missions just like the Mars Rover are possible due
to the utilization of AI. It helps us to discover numerous exoplanets, stars, galaxies, and more recently, two
new planets in our very own system. NASA is also working with AI applications for space exploration to
automate image analysis and to develop autonomous spacecraft that would avoid space debris without
human intervention, create communication networks more efficient and distortion-free by using an AI-based
device.
7. Robotics: With increasing developments within the field of AI, robots are becoming more efficient in
performing tasks that earlier were too complex. The idea of complete automation are often realized only
with the assistance of AI, where the system can’t just perform the specified task but also monitor, inspect
and improve them without any human intervention. AI in robotics helps the robots to learn the processes and
perform the tasks with complete autonomy, without any human intervention.
8. Agriculture: Artificial Intelligence is changing the way we do one among our most primitive and basic
professions which is farming. The uses of AI in agriculture are often attributed to agriculture robots,
predictive analysis, and crop and soil monitoring. In addition, drones are also used for spraying insecticides
and detecting weed formation in large farms. This is getting to help firms like Blue River Technologies,
better manage the farms. AI has also enhanced crop production and improved real-time monitoring,
harvesting, processing and marketing.

FUTURE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE:

In the last year or so, a subset of AI—generative AI—has been gaining traction. Generative AI uses deep
learning to analyse existing sets of data to create new outputs. Unlike its predecessors, generative AI also
has reasoning capabilities. ChatGPT, which can produce human-like responses to text prompts, and DALL-
E, which can create images and artworks from text prompts, are popular examples of generative AI. The rise
of generative AI has raised curiosity and piqued interests. It feels like the future of AI is a rapidly changing
landscape, that’s because the present innovations in the field of artificial intelligence are accelerating at such
a blazing-fast pace that it’s tough to keep up. Indeed, artificial intelligence is shaping the future of humanity
across nearly every industry.

CONCLUSION:
Till now we have discussed in brief about Artificial Intelligence. We have discussed some of its principles,
its applications, its achievements etc. AI leads to transformative applications within a series of industrial,
intellectual, and social applications, far beyond those caused by previous industrial revolutions.
Furthermore, AI has proven to be superior to human decision-making in certain areas. AI is better than
humans at finding and enacting the best policies in certain areas concerning science, engineering, and
complex societal and macroeconomic issues.

REFERENCES:
[1] https://idhjournal.com/article/S2468-0451(18)30144-5/fulltext
[2] https://towardsdatascience.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-artificial-intelligence-182a5ef6588c
[3] https://www.forbes.com/sites/cognitiveworld/2019/06/19/7-types-of-artificial-
intelligence/?sh=453e91f0233e
[4] https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/news/story/robots-teachers-bengaluru-school-artificial-
intelligence-ai-divd-1594366-2019-09-02
[5] https://www.exametc.com/magazine/details.php?id=521