The amount of charge that has flowed in a circuit can be calculated using the

equation

Charge = Current x time

(in coulombs, C) (in amps, A) (in seconds)

1. A current of 1.5A flows through an electric toothbrush for 90 seconds. How

much charge has flowed through the toothbrush?

2. 350 coulombs of charge flows through an iron in 70 seconds. What is the

current flowing through the iron?

3. If a current of 2A flows through a bulb for 5 minutes, how much charge has
passed through the bulb?

4. How long would it take for 2000 coulombs of charge to flow through a motor if
the current is 2.5A?

5. A wind up radio uses two rechargeable cells, each capable of storing 1800
coulombs of charge.

a) For how long can the radio be used without recharging the cells if the radio
uses 0.5A of current?

b) If the owner recharges the cells for 5 minutes, how much charge will be
stored in the cells if the total current flowing to the cells is 1.5A?
Electricity Equations Practice Resistance
1. What is the formula linking 5. Calculate the resistance 9. If the resistance of a kettle is
potential difference, current through a device which has a 20Ω, with a potential difference
and resistance? potential difference output of of 2.5V, what is the current
230V and a current of 100A. flowing through it?

2. Rearrange this formula to find 6. Calculate the resistance of a 10. If the resistance of a TV is
current. device with a potential difference 60Ω, with a potential difference
of 640V when a 12.8A current is of 150V, what is the current
running through it. flowing through it?

3. Rearrange this formula to find 7. Calculate the resistance of a 11. If the resistance of a toaster
resistance. device with a potential difference is 20Ω, with a current flowing
of 230V and a current of 46A. through it of 20A, what is the
potential difference?

4. A circuit contains two 1.5 volt 8. What is the voltage of a circuit 12. A light bulb has a resistance
batteries and a bulb with a with 15 amps of current and of 4 ohms and a current of 2 A.
resistance of 3 ohms. toaster with 8 ohms of What is the potential difference
Calculate the current. resistance? across the bulb?
 Q1.
Ben makes a series circuit using two
identical cells, a bulb and a switch to
turn the bulb on and off.

(a) Draw a circuit diagram of Ben’s circuit. Use the correct symbols.

The cells have been drawn for you.

3 marks

(b) Which part of the circuit supplies the energy?

....................................................................................................................1
mark

(c) Ben adds another identical bulb to the circuit in series.

How does the brightness of the first bulb change?

......................................................................................................................1
mark

(d) How will the brightness of the bulbs change when the cells shown below are
placed into Ben’s circuit?

(i)

.............................................
1 mark

(ii)

.............................................
1 mark
maximum 7 marks
Q2.(a) An electrical current is a flow of charge. The diagram shows a circuit containing six
identical bulbs.

In which part of the circuit, A, B, C, D or E, is there:

(i) the greatest flow of charge? ............................

(ii) the least flow of charge? ............................

2 marks

(b) Sulphur is an electrical insulator, but it can be made to conduct electricity if a

very bright light shines on it.

(i) A slab of sulphur is rubbed with a piece of woollen cloth.

Explain how this gives the sulphur a negative electrical charge.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) A very bright light shines onto a small circular area in the centre of the
charged slab of sulphur. The pattern of charge on the sulphur alters. The
simplified diagram represents the new pattern of charge.

Explain why the pattern alters in this way.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................1
mark
Maximum 4 marks
Q3.Jo uses a battery, a switch and a bulb to make a series circuit.
(a) The diagrams show symbols for a battery, a bulb and a switch.
Connect the symbols to make Jo’s circuit.

1 mark

(b) Jo closes the switch and the bulb lights up. Then she connects the
battery the other way round.
What happens to the bulb when Jo closes the switch again?
Tick the correct box.

It is brighter. It is dimmer.

It is the same brightness. It does not light up.

1 mark

(c) A corridor has a switch at each end and one light bulb in the middle.
The circuit diagram below shows how they are connected.

In the diagram above, the switches are shown in positions B and D and the
bulb is on. Complete the table below to show whether the light bulb is on or
off. Write on or off.
 1 mark

(d) The circuit is changed so that there is a bulb at each end of the corridor.
They are connected as shown below.

(i) In the diagram above, the switches are shown in positions B and C.
Which bulbs, if any, are on?

.............................................................................................................1
mark

(ii) The switches are arranged so that both bulbs are on. Bulb X breaks.
What, if anything, happens to bulb Y?

.............................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 5 marks

Q4Peter measured the current through each of three similar bulbs in a parallel circuit.
 He had only one ammeter and he placed it first at A1, then A2, then A3, in
order to measure the currents.

The table shows his results.

position of ammeter current, in amps

A1 0.14

A2 0.16

A3 0.15

(a) He expected the current readings to be the same for each bulb but found they
were different.

Suggest two reasons why the readings were different.

1. ................................................................................................................

2. ................................................................................................................
2 marks

(b) Peter then measured the current at A4 and recorded it as 0.45 A. He

concluded
 that the current at A4 could be calculated by adding together the currents
through each of the bulbs at positions A1, A2 and A3.

He added two more similar bulbs to his circuit, in parallel. The current through
each bulb was 0.15 A.
Use Peter's conclusion to predict the current at A4 with the 5 bulbs in the
circuit.

................ A

1 mark

(c) Peter left the circuit connected overnight. He used a datalogger to measure
the current at position A4 at regular intervals of time. The next morning the
bulbs were dim.

Using the axes below, sketch (do not plot) how the current at position A4
might
change with time.

Indicate on the graph:

(i) The correct labels for each axis, including the correct units.

(ii) The shape of the graph you would expect to obtain.

 2 marks
Maximum 5 marks

Q5.
(a) Draw a line from each electrical circuit to the correct circuit diagram.
Draw only four lines.

electrical circuit circuit diagram

2 marks

(b) In each circuit below, bulb 1 breaks and goes off.

Under each circuit diagram below, tick the correct boxes to show if bulb 2 and
bulb 3 are on or off.
 circuit A circuit B

2 marks

(c) Give the name of the part that provides energy for each circuit.

........................................................
1 mark

(d) Why is copper used for wires in a circuit?

Tick the correct box.

1 mark
maximum 6 marks
Circuit Description Drawing

1 One cell, one

Q6.

In the circuit above, both the bulbs light up. Suddenly they both go out.

The two bulbs are tested. Bulb A works but bulb B is broken.

(a) Bulb A was not broken but it went out. Why did it go out?

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
1 mark

In the circuit below, only bulb B is broken.

(b) (i) Does bulb A light up?

Tick the correct box.

Yes No
1 mark

(ii) Does bulb C light up?

Tick the correct box.

Yes No
 bulb. Voltmeter
connected in
parallel across
the lamp.

2 One cell, one

bulb. Voltmeter
connected in
parallel across
the cell.

3 Two cells, one

bulb. Voltmeter
connected
across the bulb.

4 Two cells, two

bulbs. Voltmeter
connected
across one of
the lamps
(Doesn’t matter
which one)