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Question 1:
The following table contains information about the duration, in days, of project activities
and their predecessor activity for a project.

What is the total float of activity G?

10 days
17 days
6 days
0 days(Correct)
Explanation
Total float refers to the maximum amount of time an activity can be delayed without
pushing out the project end date If an activity is on the critical path, the total float of the

activity is zero

The first step to correctly answer this question is to determine the activity paths and
their durations for the project. This requires the creation of a project network diagram
using the precedence diagramming method (PDM) where you map the values from the
data table included in the question Following is the network diagram for this question's

scenario
Once you have created the network diagram. the next step is to determine the specific
paths that exist for the activities on the project. This requires following each path that is
mapped and determining the duration of each path by adding up the number of days
for each activity on that specific path The longest path through the project identifies the
shortest possible length of the project and is. therefore. the critical path Following is

each path through the project and its duration

Start-A-B-C-G-Finish = 10 days

Question 2:
You are managing a project for a customer with whom you have signed an Intellectual
Property (IP) agreement requiring that the component design be unique- When the
vendor to whom you outsourced the design makes a delivery. you are surprised to see
that it is the same as one that the vendor had delivered to another of your clients. You
review your contract with the vendor and realize that it does not include the uniqueness
clause that would protect your customer's IP which of the following actions should you
take to resolve this situation?

Include the vendor in client meetings and make them realize the importance of
protecting intellectual property
Cancel the contract with the vendor and request monetary compensation for the
damage
Show the designs to the customer to get approval before beginning the
manufacturing of the components
Use the contract change control system and request the vendor to redesign the
component(Correct)
Explanation
In this scenario. you are a project manager at the company executing the project Your
contract with the customer includes specific conditions to ensure that the IP for the
design is protected. You have outsourced the design work to a vendor Unfortunately
your contract with the vendor does not specify the conditions that establish and protect
the customer's IP The vendor has done nothing wrong by submitting the previous
design to your company. and nothing in the question indicates that you have either
discussed or by contract bound the vendor to protect the client's IP Therefore. it was a
lapse on the part of your company not to inform or contractually bind the vendor to the
same IP restrictions that your company agreed to protect You need to use your
company's contract change control system to modify the contract to include the IP
considerations of your customer and present the amendment to your vendor for
approval You also have to request the vendor to redesign the component since its

already out in the market and used by the other client

Question 3: Correct
A scrum master creates the burnup chart below for the sprint that was just completed

During the sprint retrospective, what might be said of the sprint?

The project team achieved the sprint goal with a velocity of four-story points per
day.
The sprint failed with a velocity of four-story points per day because the team did
not do any project work on Days 4 and 9.
The sprint succeeded by attaining a velocity of five-story points per day versus a
target of four.
The team achieved a velocity of four-story points per day, but the sprint failed
because the scope was increased.(Correct)

Explanation
The blue fine on the burnup chart represents the target number of story points for the
sprint The orange line represents a running total of the number of story points actually
earned by the project team. On the last day of the sprint (Day 10). the orange line
terminates at 40, indicating that the team completed a total of 40 story points for the
sprint To calculate the daily velocity for the sprint divide the number of total completed
story points by the number of days in the sprint which would be 40 points / 10 days =

four points per day. The blue line indicates that on Day 10 the target was 50 points.
Since the team did not reach the 50 story points, the sprint has failed In addition, the
blue line indicates that the target increased during the sprint from 40 points to 45 and
then to 50. Had the scope not been increased and remained at 40 story points for the
entire sprint the team would likely have achieved the sprint goal since they completed
40 story pointsNote. typically, sprint scope (number of story points to be completed in a
sprint) remains unchanged. However, under some circumstances, the scope may change,
such as implied by the burnup chart provided in the scenario

Question 4:
A project team on a construction project has updated the risk register and risk report.
One of the high-priority risks is a major hurricane that may occur during construction
and could potentially result in massive reworkWhat should the project manager do next
to determine whether or not hurricane barriers should be built as a preventive measure?

Evaluate the risk breakdown structure (RBS) to figure out if a hurricane is a risk
the project is willing to accept
Conduct a decision tree analysis to quantify the expense of building hurricane
barriers versus the expense of rework(Correct)
Conduct a probability and impact assessment to determine where the hurricane
risk ranks in relation to other risks
Produce risk scores to assess the likelihood a major hurricane will occur during the
construction time frame

Explanation
The RBS can be ruled out as a correct answer because it is a categorization technique
and does not help the project manager decide between alternative options. The
probability and impact matrix is an output from the Plan Risk Management process The
matrix is then used in the risk probability and impact assessment tool/technique in the
Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis process but is unlikely to help the project manager in
determining whether or not hurricane barriers should be built. Risk scores are used to
rank risks in the probability and impact matrix and are also of little value in making a
decision regarding building the barriers The fact the hurricane risk has already been
identified and ranked means the Plan Risk Management, the Identify Risks. and the
Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis processes have already been completed, Therefore. the
three answer choices concerning the RBS. the risk scores, and risk assessment can be
eliminated.
The next process in the Project Risk Management Knowledge Area is Perform
Quantitative Risk Analysis. Decision tree analysis is one of its tools and techniques. In
deciding whether to build or not to build the hurricane barriers, cost should be taken
into account. A decision tree analysis calculates the expected monetary value for each
alternative, providing quantitative values that factor into the decision-making process

and is. therefore, the best answer choice to the question asked

Question 5:
A project manager is looking for guidelines on how the project she has been leading
should be closed The project is internal to the organization.

What is the best course of action for the project manager?

Consult the project management office

Check the organizational process assets(Correct)
Review the project charter
Internal projects do not require closure

Explanation
The organizational process assets serve as one of the inputs to the Close Project or
Phase process implied by the scenario. The organizational process assets may contain
project closure guidelines or requirements lessons learned final project audits. project
evaluations. product validations. acceptance criteria, resource reassignment. team
performance appraisals. and knowledge transfer). Therefore, among the answer options
presented, checking the organizational process assets is the best course of action for the
project manager

Question 6:
A complex project to develop the prototype for a new communication satellite is
underway. The project team is creating checklists and detailed traceability matrices to be
used later in the project to determine if the quality objectives for the project have been
achievedWhich of the following is the project team preparing?

Quality reports
Test and evaluation documents(Correct)
Change requests
Organizational process assets

Explanation
The question indicates that you are in the Manage Quality process- Test and evaluation
documents are often used in complex projects with extensive regulatory or contractual
requirements According to the scenario. the project is complex. and it is reasonable to
assume that there are extensive performance requirements The numerous documents
designed by the team to ensure that these requirements are met will be assembled in
detailed test and evaluation documents as an output from the Manage Quality process
and will be used later in the project as an input to the Control Quality process.

Question 7:
A project involves a diverse group of stakeholders and team members from different
cultures all across the world The project manager decides to use a social media tool to
enhance communications on the project However, this would require everybody to
create an account for the tool to interact with others
What is likely to be the biggest issue that the project manager will face?

The cost of the tool may be so high that it would negate the benefits of using the
tool
The fact that everyone uses different computers and mobile devices for access
Social media tools should never be allowed as a platform for project
communications
Some project stakeholders and team members would be reluctant to use the
tool(Correct)

Explanation
Social media can be an effective tool for communication among stakeholders Although
social media may be very prevalent in some regions. not all people embrace the use of

social media especially v.hen the stakeholders come from different cultures all
across the world as described by the scenario. Cultural awareness is an understanding of
the difference bet,veen individuals, groups. and organizations and adapting the project's
communication strategy in the context of these differences. While some of the project's
stakeholders or team members may be interested in using the social media tool. the
requirement to create an account for the tool may be challenging for others to get
everyone engaged with the idea Therefore. in this scenario, people's reluctance to use
the tool will likely be the biggest issue for the project manager.

Question 8:
Based on the velocities of previous sprints shown, what should a mature agile team
estimate as their velocity for this sprint?
19(Correct)
20
There is not enough information presented to estimate velocity.
25

Explanation
A mature team should be able to predict its velocity - the number of story points
completed over an iteration A simple average is all that is needed to calculate an
estimated velocity based on past performance. In this case, sum up the individual

velocities and divide the result by the number of sprints

(16 + 20 + 15 + 25) / 4 = 19

Question 9:
The project iteration's costs are below estimates and work is being completed well
ahead of schedule. The resource costs and the scope are being measured in story points

How should the burndown chart look?

The remaining work line is above the ideal burndown rate

The remaining work line is below the ideal burndown rate(Correct)
The earned value line is below the planned value line
Cannot be determined from the information provided

Explanation
An iteration burndown chart is an example of a data analysis technique that can be used
as a pad of the Control Schedule process described in the scenario To assist the project
team monitor and controlling the costs and schedule of an iteration a burndown chart
displays the planned work to be completed and the associated costs or resources
allocated to work. Typically, the burndown chart begins with the sum value of the work
on the left then trends down to the endpoint of the iteration. All the work is expected to
be done at the end of the iteration. Hence. the endpoint is to be at zero for work and
costs remaining The ideal burndown rate line is that straight line from the start of the
iteration to the last point in the iteration when all the work is to be done_ work
completed faster than planned has a steeper slope than the ideal line That line is
reaching the zero work remaining point faster

Question 10:
A project manager is about to close a project that missed its performance goals- The
project manager is gathering the information that is most pertinent to the project's poor
performance.Which of the following is least likely to help in this task?

Risk report
Project team assignments(Correct)
Assumption log
Change log

Explanation
Project team assignments document the team members and their roles and
responsibilities for the project Documentation can include a project team directory and
names inserted into the project management plan. such as the project organization
charts and schedules. Project team assignments are not typically used as an input into
the Close Project or Phase process Although there may be circumstances where the
project team assignments might be helpful. it is the least likely to be used compared to
the other choices. The risk report, assumption log. and change log are likely to have
valuable information on aspects of the project that were problematic Since the question
is asking for the item that would be least' likely to be used for the closing process.
project team assignments represent the best response

Question 11:
A project manager is about to start the process of identifying quality requirements and
standards for an infrastructure project The project manager examines the project charter
to gain a high-level understanding of project objectives and reviews relevant
information from the available components of the project management planWhat else
should the project manager do to gather inputs to the process?
Review the requirements documentation to gain an understanding of the project
and product quality requirements(Correct)
Conduct a brainstorming session with the project team and subject matter experts
to develop the quality management plan
Perform a cost-benefit analysis to determine if the planned quality activities are
cost-effective
Update the lessons learned register with information on challenges encountered in
the quality planning process

Explanation
Plan Quality Management is the process of identifying quality requirements and
standards for the project and its deliverables which is what is described in the scenario
provided, The project charter and components of the project management plan are
inputs to the Plan Quality Management process. which have already been reviewed as
per the scenario. Project documents including the requirements documentation are also
inputs to the Plan Quality Management process. Project management best practices
include gathering all relevant information in the form of inputs before applying the tools
and techniques to produce the outputs- Therefore, of the available options, to begin the
Plan Quality Management process. reviewing the requirements documentation is the

next logical step for the project manager to take

Note. requirements documentation is not a component of the project management

plarr Rather requirements documentation is considered a project document Therefore.
this part of the question text 'The project manager has reviewed . relevant information
from the available components of the project management plan refers only to the
components of the project management plan, not the project documents, implying
requirements documentation has not yet been reviewed

Question 12:
Due to organizational constraints, some of the agile team members are co-located in
the same building, while others are located in other parts of the country.

What agile techniques can the team implement to help increase communication among
the team members?

Set up a meeting for the team to determine team ground rules

Have developers sit near each other
Set up a war room with video conferencing capability(Correct)
Use information radiators extensively

Explanation
In the ideal setting. the agile team's war room is the physical facility that the team uses
during the lifetime of the project Ideally. all team members are co-located there. and all
team meetings take place there- However, in the global marketplace, project teams and
the client are often spread over the globe- The cost of face-to-face meetings is
prohibitive (travel expenses) and getting everyone to these meetings is a great waste of
time (unproductive time while en route). In place of trying to schedule face-to-face
meetings. teleconferences and even video conferences have become affordable and
commonplace. and offer the next best thing to co-located face-to-face communication

Question 13:
A large project will be broken down into four phases. The project sponsor is very
enthusiastic about the project and asks the project manager when the project kick-off
meeting will be held

What is the best response to the project sponsor's question?

During the execution of the first phase

As part of the Planning Process Group of the first phase
At the start of each phase(Correct)
As part of pre-project work

Explanation
The scenario describes a large project which will be conducted in four phases of
Multiphase projects, like the one described by the question. will typically include a kick-
off meeting at the beginning of each phase. Consider that each phase of a multiphase
project is treated much like an individual project in that most or all of the processes are
repeated for each phase. Therefore. the best response to the project sponsors question
is to conduct a kick-off meeting at the start of each phase

Question 14:
You are working at a firm v.here your responsibilities include selecting the right
programs or projects. prioritizing the work. and providing the needed resources Your
primary objective is to manage all of the various programs. projects, and operations
together as a group to meet the firm's strategic business objectiveswhich of the
following best describes the work you are performing?

Operations management
Project management
Program management
Portfolio management(Correct)

Explanation
A portfolio is a collection of projects. programs. subsidiary portfolios, and operations
managed as a group to achieve strategic objectives Of the available options, only
portfolio management includes operations management as a subsidiary. Therefore,
portfolio management is the best answer to the question asked

Question 15:
Which of the following would be one of the last tasks for a project manager to perform
as part of the administrative closure of a project?
Obtaining formal acceptance of the project deliverables
Conducting earned value analysis
Evaluating stakeholder satisfaction with the project(Correct)
Verifying the correctness of the deliverables

Explanation
A project is considered a success when the project objectives have been achieved One
important objective established early in the project's planning is stakeholder satisfaction
Stakeholder satisfaction should be monitored throughout the project and finally used as
a measure of project success at the end of the project The question surrounds the
administrative closure of a project implying the answer choice should be one of the
activities carried out during the Close Project or Phase process. One of the last tasks of
the project manager during this process is measuring stakeholder satisfaction for the
project as a whole

Question 16:
The members of an agile team are trying to understand how long it will take for the
project to be completed. To answer this question they are analyzing the burndown chart
the cumulative flow diagram (CFO), and the schedule performance index (SPI) of the
project.

Which analysis technique is the team using?

SWOT analysis
Trend analysis(Correct)
Schedule analysis
Variance analysis

Explanation
The scenario describes an agile project with the team that is trying to make projections
related to the project completion, specifically, the schedule Unlike the projects carried
out using the waterfall/predictive project management approach. where project
performance is measured against the performance measurement baseline, agile projects
utilize various information radiators, such as the burndown and/or burnup charts, the
cumulative flow diagram, etc. Traditional tools, such as the cost or schedule
performance index, can also be used to aid with the analysis. These tools are examples
of trend analysis Trend analysis can be used to forecast future performance based on
past results. By identifying the trend. the team may be able to understand how long it
will take for the project to be completed. making trend analysis the best answer to the

question asked

Question 17:
You meet with your team to determine the life cycle for your project. After analyzing the
best way to define and manage requirements. develop deliverables, handle changes,
control risk and cost and engage key stakeholders, the decision is made to select a
hybrid life cycle

With the project life cycle selected how will the product be delivered?

As subsets of the overall product(Correct)

As a single final product at the end of the project
As work packages of the WBS
As story points during the daily standup meetings

Explanation
Predictive and agile project life cycles differ from one another in several aspects One of
them is the way the project product. service. or result is delivered Predictive projects
develop plans upfront and deliver only a single final product (service or result) at the
end of the project Agile projects. on the other hand. deliver working product increments
as frequently as possible based on the highest value to the customer Everything in
between is defined as a hybrid delivery With hybrid project life cycles. the product can
be divided into subsets, which are delivered at either predefined intervals or as soon as
the subsets are completed Therefore, of the choices provided. with the hybrid life cycle
selected. delivering the result of the project as subsets of the final product constitutes
the best answer to the question asked

Question 18:
Several critical parts were chrome plated by a vendor instead of zinc plated as specified
in the contract The vendor states that zinc plating the parts would not offer the required
corrosion resistance to meet project requirements and insists on a significant increase in
payment for plating the parts in chrome. After long negotiations, the dispute is
eventually resolved and the contract is closed out. The project manager is closing the
project now

What is the best way for the project manager to minimize the chance of a similar
problem recurring in future projects?

Update the lessons learned register

Ensure the knowledge gained is archived in the lessons learned repository(Correct)
Remove the vendor from the preapproved seller list
Accept the fact that disputes are inevitable and move on to the next project

Explanation
In this scenario. a dispute has arisen with a vendor which is eventually resolved It is vital
that any lessons learned from this experience are captured to minimize the chance of
the problem recurring. Since all of the contracts have been closed out at this point, the
knowledge gained will only be of value to future projects. The lessons learned repository
is a store of historical information about lessons learned from projects that can be used
to improve performance for future projects. While documenting the lessons learned in
the current projects lessons learned register could be done as part of the Control
Procurements process described in the scenario. ensuring that the knowledge gained is
archived in the lessons learned repository is the best way to minimize the chance of a

similar problem recurring in the future

A reasonable argument can be made that the knowledge gained should be captured in
the lessons learned register, as the information recorded in the lessons learned register
would be eventually transferred to the lessons learned repository However the question
is asking to select an answer choice that describes the 'best' way to minimize the chance
of the problem recurring and not the 'first' thing to do. It is important to read the
questions carefully. With all of the contracts closed out. the lessons learned in this
situation will only be of value to future projects. Ensuring the knowledge gained is
archived in the lessons learned repository avoids even the possibility that the
information will be lost in the transition, Therefore. ensuring that the knowledge gained
is archived in the lessons learned repository is the 'best' answer to the question

asked

Note. understanding the details provided in the scenario (chrome plating, zinc plating.
etc) is not required to select the correct answer The details are given just to present a

real-life example
Question 19:
A project team has examined the degree of variance relative to the scope baseline The
project manager needs to know if the variance has been improving or deteriorating as
the project has progressed

What should the project manager do next?

Perform variance analysis

Conduct product analysis

Complete a schedule network analysis

Perform a trend analysis(Correct)

Explanation
The question insinuates that the project team is performing the Control Scope process.
Data analysis techniques used during the Control Scope process include variance
analysis and trend analysis. Trend analysis examines project performance over time to
determine if performance is improving or deteriorating- Trend analysis is the best tool
or technique for the project manager to use based on the description provided by the
question. and this is what the project manager should do next

Question 20:
A project manager is leading a large project to develop a new model of a smartphone.
Early in project execution. to foster stakeholder involvement, the project manager holds
a meeting as specified in the stakeholder engagement plan

What type of meeting does the project manager likely hold?

A project retrospective to finalize lessons learned register

A workshop to develop the team charter
A project kick-off meeting to explain the roles and responsibilities of
stakeholders(Correct)
A meeting to create a comprehensive list of stakeholders

Explanation
The stakeholder engagement plan is a component of the project management plan that
identifies the strategies and actions required to promote the productive involvement of
stakeholders in project decision making and execution The stakeholder engagement
plan is created as an output of the Plan Stakeholder Engagement process and followed
during the Manage Stakeholder Engagement process Thus, the question is asking which
type of meeting might be held during the Manage Stakeholder Engagement process A
kick-off meeting is one of the types of meetings that may be held in support of the
Manage Stakeholder Engagement process to foster the appropriate level of stakeholder
invotvement in the project. The incorrect answer choices represent meetings that are
exclusive to other project management processes and would not be held as part of the
Manage Stakeholder Engagement process Therefore. of the available choices, the

project manager is most likely holding a project kick-off meeting

Note. the scenario describes a large project in its early execution stage In large projects.
the kick-of meeting takes place with processes in the Executing Process Group. thus

additionally supporting the correct answer

Question 21:
yourself settled before starting your project in a role of a project manager During this
period. you realize that you have no authority over resources. the staff members are
grouped by specialty, the budget is under the full control of those group's managers,
and you as a project manager are only required to dedicate part of your time to perform
the project work

What type of organization are you working in?

Weak matrix
Functional(Correct)
Balanced matrix
Projectized

Explanation
Organizational structure can affect the availability of resources and influence how
projects are conducted In a functional organization, the project managers authority over
resources is little to none, the project budget is managed by the functional managers,
and the project manager works on project tasks part-time. Other project characteristics
in a functional organization include little to no resource availability and part-time

project management administrative staff

Question 22:
Midway into project execution. a team member suggests using a new testing method
that if successful, would save the team time in each consecutive iteration and eventually
put the project ahead of schedule. If the new testing method is unsuccessful, however,
the entire performance measurement baseline might need to be revised

What is the best course of action for the project manager?

Instruct the team to start using the new testing method from the next iteration
onward
Submit a change request and let the team decide whether to use the new testing
method(Correct)
Decline the suggestion since it may threaten the performance measurement
baseline
Request the product owner to create a user story that describes the new testing
method

Explanation
Important aspects of being a good servant leader include enabling others to act being
willing to challenge the status quo, and creating a safe environment for
experimentation. V/hen team members are encouraged to try new things and made to
feel that they won't be criticized if they don't succeed the first time, they are far more
likely to have a go and try new things. If the experimentation is successful. then the
team members can have positive impacts not only on their own but on other projects as
well In predictive environments, however not every suggestion can be implemented at
will. In this scenario. the performance measurement baseline might be negatively
affected by the implementation of the new testing method Therefore, a change request
should be submitted first to evaluate the impact of the new method on all project
constraints If the change is approved, it will be eventually up to the team on whether or
not to use the new testing method. Therefore. of the choices provided, submitting a
change request and letting the team decide whether to use the new testing method is

the best answer to the question asked

Question 23:
You are leading a software development project for a client The change control board
(CCB) has been inundated with change requests from the client throughout the project
as the product has evolved. This situation drives the team crazy and makes controlling
the project scope extremely challenging and time-consuming.

Which of the following tailoring considerations might you have missed earlier in the
project?
Diversity
Stability of requirements(Correct)
Physical location
Validation and control

Explanation
The question describes a situation where the client is continually changing the project
requirements as the product under development evolves This situation is driving the
client to submit change requests, which must be reviewed by the change control board
(CCB). Projects, where the product under development is expected to evolve throughout
the project, can be said to have unstable requirements. The stability of requirements
should be considered to determine the appropriate development approach. In this case,
it is apparent that the strict change control processes and procedures of a traditional
waterfall approach are not well suited to the needs of the client who is forced to submit
change requests as the product changes and evolves. In this circumstance, an agile
approach may have been more appropriate for the project An agile approach welcomes
change and harnesses it for the customer's benefit Had you, as the project manager
considered the stability (or, in this case, instability) of the product requirements, you
may have selected an approach more appropriate for the project For examples the
project, at a high level, could have still been lead using waterfall, but the actual
development of the product performed by the team could have been carried out using

agile, thus making the whole project hybrid

Note. the development approach is also a tailoring consideration for the scope
management processes, but it was not offered as an answer choice. Therefore, of the
available options. the stability of requirements is the best answer to the question

asked

Question 24:
A project manager wants to track team member performance. provide feedback to
resolve issues. and manage changes to optimize project performance

In what process will the project manager carry out these activities?

Develop Team
Manage Team(Correct)
Control Team
Acquire Resources

Explanation
This question is an example of short straightforward knowledge-based questions that
prospective PMP aspirants may encounter on their exam. Tracking team member
performance, providing feedback, resolving issues, and managing team changes to
optimize project performance are activities that typically carried out as part of the
Manage Team process. making Manage Team the best answer to the question

asked

Question 25:
Decisions were made to move a major portion of the work and to add some additional
work to an outsourcing firm in another country where labor costs are cheaper.

Which components of the project management plan are likely to be updated as a result
of the approved change?

Benefits management plan and project charter

Requirements documentation and requirements traceability matrix
Scope baseline, cost baseline, and schedule baseline(Correct)
Risk register stakeholder register and lessons learned register

Explanation
The scenario implies the Control Scope process is underway. There are a variety of
project management plan updates that are an output of this process In this scenario, the
scope was changed to include more work as well as to specify who was to perform that
work As such various components of the project management plans may be updated
These components include but are not limited to the scope management plan (to
specify the work added), the resources management plan (to describe who is doing the
work and other resources needed). the schedule management plan (to indicate when
work is being done), the communications management plan (to mention the flow of
information is going to change), the procurement management plan (to guide how the
work will be sourced and managed). the quality management plan (to define how the
standards are to be assured and controlled), the risk management plan (to outline the
new risks involved). and the stakeholder engagement plan (to indicate there are more
stakeholders in the project) All of those plans could be the answer In this case the
options presented did not include a collection of those plans. but the other essential
components of the project management plan. the baselines of scope. cost and schedule.
The other answer choices include project documents, which could be updated as a
result of the approved change but are not components of the project management plan
Question 26:
You and your project team are developing a comprehensive list of individual project
risks and sources of overall project risk. The team is performing data analysis to identify
threats by starting with a problem statement and exploring which threats might result in
the problem occurring. The project team is finding that the use of a why-why diagram is
especially useful for this analysis.

Which data analysis technique is being used by the project team?

Root cause analysis(Correct)

Sensitivity analysis
Regression analysis
Reserve analysis

Explanation
The question implies that the project team is performing the project management
process of Identify Risks Root cause analysis is a data analysis technique that is used in
the Identify Risks process Root cause analysis is typically used to discover the underlying
causes that lead to a problem and develop preventive action. It can be used to identify
threats by starting with a problem statement and exploring which threats might result in
that problem occurring Root cause analysis is the data analysis technique the project

team is using in this situation

Question 27:
A newly formed agile team is creating the working agreements for their current project.

What would an agile coach recommend to the team as part of this process?

Have every team member contribute as many working agreements as possible

Conduct a workshop where all team members collaborate on drafting working
agreements(Correct)
Do not create any working agreements since agile teams are self-organizing
Bring in an experienced facilitator to draft and approve the working agreements
for the team

Explanation
Working agreements are typically part of a team charter. A team charter is a project
document that establishes the team values, agreements. and operating guidelines for
the team. In traditional projects a team charter is often one of the outputs of the Plan
Resource Management process- In agile projects, this document is created before the
beginning of the first iteration or at the earliest possible moment Then the team is
formed. Conducting a workshop is an excellent method for creating effective working
agreements. This method encourages team participation and collaboration so that the
team members can gain consensus on the content of the document. The workshop can

also serve as a positive team-building exercise for a newly formed agile team

Question 28:
A conflict between the project manager and the team has been going for a while. The
conflict negatively impacts the team's morale and jeopardizes the project's goals. To
address the conflict, the project manager maps the desire to satisfy the parties' concerns
on the chart below Based on the map. the project manager decides to find a
compromise with the team
Where did the project manager most likely map the desire to satisfy' the team members'
concerns vs the desire to satisfy his/her own concerns

(On the real PMP exam you may be asked to provide your answer by clicking the correct
area in the image. But here in the simulator, we are asking you to select the answer
below)
A
B
C
D
E(Correct)

Explanation
Conflict is inevitable on any project. Therefore. conflict management is one of the most
important interpersonal and team skills that project managers have to master The
success of project managers in managing their project teams often depends on their
ability to resolve conflict. In the scenario described. the conflict is between the project
manager and the team. The conflict is at the level that negatively impacts the team's
morale and jeopardizes the project's goals. However, selecting the appropriate conflict
resolution technique depends on the project manager and the circumstances
surrounding the conflict. Under different circumstances. different project managers may
use different conflict resolution methods Factors that influence these methods to
include the importance and intensity of the conflict, time pressure for resolving the
conflict relative power of the people involved in the conflict. importance of maintaining
a good relationship. motivation to resolve conflict on a long-term or short-term basis.

etc

There are five general techniques for resolving conflict: withdrawaVavoiding.

smoothing/accommodating. compromisinglreconcñing. forcing{directing,
collaborating/problem-solving. In the scenario, the project manager decides to find a
compromise with the team There is not enough information in the scenario to
determine whether the project manager's decision was right or wrong. However, this
information is not required to answer the question correctly All that is needed to select
the correct answer is to understand the various degrees of desire to satisfy the concerns
of the parties involved in the conflict and map the desire to the technique described in
the scenario, keeping in mind that the scenario is presented from the project manager's

perspective

Question 29:
You are managing a project in which several contractors are being hired to complete
project work As you receive the signed contracts from the contractors. you file them in
the project folder where they wait for approval by an appointed member of senior
management- The onboarding process is slower than anticipated. and your project
starts out behind schedule
What was the most likely cause of the problem?

Noise between encoding and decoding of the message

Lack of test and evaluation documents
The use of push communications
The use of pull communications(Correct)

Explanation
The scenario describes a situation where the project manager uploads the signed
contracts from the contractors hired to complete some of the project deliverables to a
project folder Based on the scenario, the contracts are -sitting- in that folder and
waiting for the appointed member of senior management, who must retrieve the
contracts and approve them. The way the scenario is presented suggests that there is a
delay between the moment the contracts are uploaded until they are retrieved by a
member of the senior management team. In other words, the delay is caused by the
contracts sitting in the folder until they are proactively pulled for approval. with "pulled"
being the keyword. Therefore. of the available choices. using pull communications is

what most likely caused the problem

Question 30:
A company has recently lost a significant number of customer accounts due to its
software products' poor quality. An agile practitioner reviews the development process
and concludes that technical debt was the main cause of poor quality.

Which approach would the agile practitioner least likely recommend to improve the
quality of the upcoming project?

Maximizing technical excellence through good technical design

Including technical debt reduction user stories in the backlog(Correct)
Implementing software code refactoring best practices
Ensuring quality through the use of automated testing tools

Explanation
Many soft,vare products suffer from technical debt. which is the accumulation of
problems caused by poor quality practices Agile technical practices focus on lowering
technical debt as an integral part of the development process. There are several
proactive practices that can be followed to help lower technical debt on an agile project:
maximizing technical excellence through good technical design and agile modeling.
implementing software code refactoring. utilizing automated testing tools. etc. Including
technical debt reduction user stories in the backlog and completing these user stories
throughout the project is a reactive approach. With this approach, the technical debt has
already been incurred, and these user stories are completed to eliminate this incurred
technical debt. Therefore. of the choices provided including technical debt reduction
user stories in the backlog is the 'least' likely approach the agile practitioner would
recommend

Question 31:
As part of the development of a project management plan. a project manager is
determining the team resources that will be needed for a software development project
that will use an agile framework. The project manager has identified the specific roles for
the development team that includes five programmers and a design expert

What else should the project manager do to finalize the resource breakdown structure?

Identify the specific individuals within the organization with the required skillset
Include the roles of a servant leader and product owner(Correct)
Decompose the resource breakdown structure down to the work package level
Hire a scrum master to lead the development team

Explanation
The question implies that the project manager is performing the Estimate Activity
Resources process with the development of the resource breakdown structure for a
hybrid project that will utilize an agile framework within an overarching predictive
project management approach During this process, the roles for the team resources are
identified in addition to physical resources. In this scenario, the roles for the core
development team have been identified as five programmers and a design expert. In
addition to these roles, at a minimum. the resource breakdown structure should also
include the roles of a servant leader and a product owner The servant leader might be a
scrum master or agile coach. but we are less concerned with the title as we are with the
role that will be performed These roles will be crucial for the success of a project using
agile methodologies and should be included in the resource breakdown structure Note
that there might be additional roles depending on the team resource needs of the
project.

Question 32:
A project manager is developing the communications management plan. She has
determined which stakeholders need what information and how often she will distribute
the various reports.

What else should the project manager do as part of this process?

Determine the information needs of the stakeholders
Determine how the information Will be transmitted(Correct)
Measure the effectiveness of the communications
Submit a change request to update the communications management plan

Explanation
One way to plan communication management is to identify the (Vv'ho, What When.

Where, Why) and IH (How) of communication

who needs the information,

What information needs to be communicated

'"When should the information be communicated,

Where should the information be communicated?

Why communication of the information is essential and

How the information needs to be transmitted

The scenario states that the project manager had determined the •who: •what,' and
•when' of communicating the project information. The •where,' 'why,' and 'how' are not
mentioned Among the choices provided. only 'Determine how the information will be
transmitted' addresses the 'how' which is one of the missing '5Ws' and '1 H'. and is.
therefore. the best answer to the question asked

Question 33:
You are in the process of developing the stakeholder engagement plan for a software
development project. The software will be developed by a team of generalizing
specialists using the eXtreme Programming (XP) method

What is the best strategy to gain the appropriate engagement level from the relevant
stakeholders?

Begin stakeholder identification and engagement immediately after the project

management plan is reviewed and approved
Invite relevant stakeholders to the various project meetings and post information
radiators in a common area(Correct)
Ensure the stakeholders interact directly with the project team members for any
questions and status of the project deliverables
Place the stakeholder register under configuration control to ensure that any
changes are thoroughly vetted and approved

Explanation
Extreme Programming (XP) is one of the agile software development methods. Projects
operating in an agile/adaptive environment require active engagement and
participation of project stakeholders due to the high degree of change. With a
predictive framework. the project scope is determined and decomposed upfront during
initial project planning. and relevant stakeholders are engaged through the
requirements gathering process Once the scope baseline is approved the need for
stakeholder involvement is greatly reduced and the stakeholders are engaged at
milestones and gates. However. in an adaptive environment the project scope is
progressively elaborated rather than being determined upfront. Therefore. the level of
stakeholder engagement remains high throughout the project. The purpose of inviting
any stakeholders to project meetings and the use of information radiators is to quickly
surface any misalignment dependency. or other issues related to the evolving project
deliverables

Question 34:
Two qualified vendors have been identified for a project- The requesting organization is
capable of performing the work, but it was deemed less cost-effective to do so During
vendor selection. the project manager learns that one vendor already works with a
competitor and is restricted by an exclusivity clause. The other vendor is not available
during the required timeframe

What might the project manager have done differently to avoid this situation?

Included the evaluation method in the procurement documents

Obtained an independent cost estimate
Tailored the source selection criteria to include vendors' availability(Correct)
Conducted a make-or-buy analysis

Explanation
The question implies that the Conduct Procurements was being performed when it
came to light that there were no available vendors capable of performing the required
work Even though the source selection criteria are not determined until project planning
is performed, the basic requirements of the project and timeline should be understood
during project initiation Because each project is unique. the project manager should
tailor the way that Project Procurement Management processes are applied. Tailoring
considerations include, among others. the availability of contractors. Had the project
manager considered the availability of contractors before completing the procurement
management plan, time and effort could have been directed towards planning to
perform the required work internally, even if it costs more than outsourcing. in the
absence of available vendors. is the only viable option to complete the project on time.

Question 35:
You are leading a project to build a new professional sports stadium, and you are in the
process of implementing the stakeholder engagement plan. In order to ensure
continued support of the project by the most influential stakeholders, you have
arranged for a meet and greet with some of the professional athletes that will be
playing in the new stadium.

What is the best way for you to determine which stakeholders to invite to the meet and
greet?

Research the lessons learned register

Meet with the key stakeholders to determine which are the most influential
Read the communications management plan
Review the stakeholder register(Correct)

Explanation
The question suggests that the Manage Stakeholder Engagement process is being
carried out. The stakeholder register is one of the inputs to the Manage Stakeholder
Engagement process and provides the list of project stakeholders and any information
needed to execute the stakeholder engagement plan. The stakeholder register contains
stakeholder classification information which will be useful in determining which
stakeholders are the most influential and should be invited to the meet and greet Of the
available choices, and,' the stakeholder register provides stakeholder classifications.
making it the best answer to the question asked

Question 36:
An agile team created a Kanban board containing five columns. One of the software
developers is determining the work in process (WIP) limit for each column to optimize
the team s performance
What should the agile team consider when determining an appropriate WIP limit for
each column?

The limit, if set incorrectly. can cause either people or work to be idle(Correct)
The WIP limit should be removed for large projects
A higher limit is generally better than a lower one
Finishing early or starting late impacts how you set the limit

Explanation
The WIP limit, if set incorrectly, can cause either people or work to be idle If the WIP
limit is set too high, work will become idle, and there will be work items for which no

one is responsible Moreover, if the IA'IP limit is too low people will become idle. all
items will be worked on. and some people will have no work

Question 37:
Gold plating had been an issue with your current software development project,
However. you found that ever since instituting daily stand-up meetings, no more
features or functionalities that the customer did not request have been introduced into
the project.

What is your best course of action to prevent gold plating for the remainder of the
current project and on future projects?

Bring up the topic during the project retrospective

Capture the best practice in the lessons learned register(Correct)
Gold plating adds customer value and should not be prevented
Ensure that the scope management plan includes daily stand-up meetings

Explanation
Daily standup meetings can be used by teams and stakeholders, often on agile projects,
to share and discuss achievements and issues of the previous day as well as plans for
the current day's work The question suggests that you, as the project manager have
discovered that using daily standup meetings is beneficial in controlling the project
scope. This hybrid project management practice. traditional scope control approach
using agile methods. can be documented in the lessons learned register. which is a
project document used to record knowledge gained during a project so that it can be
used in the current project. At the end of the project or phase, the information in the
lessons learned register is transferred into the lessons learned repository as an
organizational process asset, v.here it can be used to improve the performance of future
projects. Therefore. of the available choices, capturing the best practice in the lessons
learned register the best way to prevent gold plating for the remainder of the current
project and on future projects

Question 38:
According to the risk management plan, the Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis process
should be conducted once during project planning and then during project execution
each time a major risk is identified* Midway into project execution. the team members
feel the risk management approach does not address the iterative nature of the product
being developed

'What is the best course of action for the project manager?

Instruct the project team to conduct Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis for minor
risks also
Conduct the Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis process before the start of each
iteration(Correct)
Submit a change request to switch the nature of the product from iterative to
predictive
Proceed with the risk management approach as specified in the risk management
plan

Explanation
The scenario implies the project is carried out using the predictive project management
approach. In such projects, the risk management plan specifies. among other things, the
timing of when and how often the Project Risk Management processes will be
performed throughout the project life cycle, and establishes risk management activities

for inclusion into the project schedule According to the scenario the team feels that
conducting the Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis process once during project planning
and then during project execution. each time a major risk is identified. is not aligned
with the iterative nature of the product being developed. This implies that the product is
likely being developed in iterations suggesting an agile nature of the product
development activities In an agile development environment, the Perform Qualitative
Risk Analysis process is conducted before the start of each iteration This is done to
address the inherent uncertainty and risk typical for such environments The predictive
project management approach described in the scenario and the incorporation of
iterative development makes the project hybrid In hybrid settings, practices from various
project management methods are often combined and tailored to address the specific

needs of the project. Therefore, of the choices provided conducting the Perform
Qualitative Risk Analysis process before the start of each iteration is the best answer to

the question asked

Question 39:
During the development of the project schedule. your project team identified a few
activities that could be performed in parallel by revisiting some of the dependencies.
constraints. resource requirements, optimization. and reserves. You present the
compressed schedule to your sponsor, who accepted it as the baseline

What should you do next?

Submit a change request to update the schedule baseline

Assess the need to aggregate the schedule reserves

Update the assumption log and the lessons learned register(Correct)
Analyze earned value to assess variation in schedule dates

Explanation
The scenario implies the project is still in the Planning Process Group, in the middle of
the Develop Schedule process. There are a few tasks left to do once the adjustments
have been made and the schedule has been baselined You must also update the project
management plan components and the project documents. Remember, the project
team has been revisiting some of the dependencies, constraints, resource requirements,
optimization, and reserves. Following such discussions, two of the project documents to
update are the assumption log and the lessons learned. The assumption can be updated
with changes to assumptions in duration. resource utilization. sequencing. or other
information that is revealed as a result of developing the schedule model The lessons
learned register can be updated with techniques that were efficient and effective in
developing the schedule model

Question 40:
A project manager wants to ensure that communications are properly managed on her
project.

Which of the following enterprise environmental factors should the project manager
consider?

Political climate(Correct)
Active listening
Risk report
Change log

Explanation
Enterprise environmental factors (EEFs) are conditions. not under the control of the
project team. that influence. constrain, or direct the project EEFs can be either internal or
external to the performing organization Social and cultural influences and issues are
considered external EEFs. The political climate, codes of conduct, ethics, and perceptions
are examples of social and cultural influences and issues. In the context of the Manage
Communications process described by the scenario, organizational culture, political
climate. and governance framework are among the EEFs that can influence this process-
Therefore, the political climate is the enterprise environmental factor that the project
manager should consider to ensure that communications are properly managed on her

project

The incorrect answer choices are not considered EEFs

Question 41:
A project team that is experienced in the waterfall project management approach has
been assigned to their first agile project- To make the transition easier it has been
decided to keep some elements of the waterfall approach in place. During the iteration
review, it was realized that a misunderstanding among the development team has led to
a duplication of efforts.

How might the project manager address this issue?

Bring up the topic during the upcoming iteration retrospective(Correct)

Do nothing since the team members are transitioning from waterfall to agile
Fallback to a waterfall project management framework going forward
Submit a change request to update the communications management plan

Explanation
The question states the project team is transitioning from a waterfall approach to an
agile project management framework. The fact the project still uses some elements of
the waterfall to make the transition easier implies the project, as a whole, is hybrid While
retrospectives are typically associated with the agile project management framework,
they can be used on any project, whether it is managed using waterfall! Predictive- agile,
or hybrid methodology Retrospectives can be used to investigate issues and provide the
project team an opportunity to learn from its previous work. Retrospectives allow the
team members to improve and adapt their processes. During the iteration retrospective,
the project team has the opportunity to discuss the issue of duplicate efforts and then

adjust their practices to avoid the issue from happening in the upcoming iterations

Note. the scenario does not specify what duplicate efforts exactly are there on the
project This information. however, is not required to answer the question The idea is. as
always. under the circumstances described in this particular scenario and with the given
set of the available answer choices. to select the best answer to the question asked. In
this case, bringing up the topic during the upcoming iteration retrospective is the best

answer to the question asked

Question 42:
A project manager is leading a project that recently transitioned from a predictive phase
to an agile phase that will utilize Scrumban. As the development team reviews the
Kanban board. they begin arguing over who will complete the required user stories. At
an impasse, the project manager begins assigning the user stories to specific team
members.

What might the project manager have done differently?

Facilitated an update to the team charter for the agile phase of the
project(Correct)
Avoided different project management approaches for different phases
Used extreme Programming framework instead of the Scrumban method
Nothing could have been done differently since conflict is unavoidable

Explanation
The question describes a project that is transitioning from a predictive phase to an agile
phase, specifically Scrumban. When using a predictive model, tasks are typically
assigned to specific individuals and then recorded in the project schedule When an agile
framework is employed, project tasks (user stories in this case) are assigned at the team
level rather than the individual level. and the project team then collaborates to
determine how the tasks will be completed and by whom. A team charter that was
developed for a predictive phase is not likely to contain agreements for how the work
will be assigned. Therefore. the project manager should revisit the team's social contract
(team charter) before the start of an agile phase and have the team align on how they
will collaborate to complete the work. rather than making the assignments for the team

Question 43:
During a meeting, the agile coach proposes that the team implement a defined process
for reporting defects on their online tracking tool. Since the team members are well
familiar with the tool from their past projects. they, by consensus. agree that they do not
need to waste their time discussing this matter. The agile coach is unhappy.

What is the best next step for the agile coach?

Wait and see if the team experiences fast failure(Correct)

Document defects tracking process
Praise the team for their choice
Force the team to use the tool

Explanation
One of the duties of servant leaders is to create an open and safe environment by
encouraging conversation and experimentation This course of action would help surface
problems and impediments that are slowing the team down or preventing its ability to
deliver value. Being honest with the team and encouraging them to discuss issues is an
important aspect of the agile coach role. However, the agile coach cannot force the
team towards a solution or dictate the defect tracking standards. Since the issue is not
critical. letting the team members experiment with their own process and allowing them

to fail is a better approach

As stated by the author in the reference, "Certainly, don't stand idly by while the team
goes careening off a cliff But you should use the dozens of opportunities that arise in
each sprint to let them fail r It would be best for the agile coach to use this opportunity
and allow the team to learn from their own experience This experience may help the
team not only come up with the process of how they should capture defects on their

online tracking tool, but it can also help them work better together as a team

Question 44:
A project has been initiated and is being planned. The project sponsor is anxious for the
project to move into execution and suggests that the project manager not spend any
more time on the development of the communications management plan.

How should the project manager respond to the sponsor to support the completion of
the communications management plan?

The communications management plan is a required part of the project

management plan
The communications management plan is required by The Standard for Project
Management
The communications management plan assists with stakeholder
engagement(Correct)
The communications management plan will improve quality.

Explanation
The communications management plan describes how project communications will be
handled. However, the key benefit of the communications management plan is a
documented approach to effectively and efficiently engage stakeholders by presenting
relevant information promptly Since the strategies to effectively engage stakeholders
are often fulfilled through communications. the best response the project manager can
provide to the sponsor is that the communications management plan assists with
stakeholder engagement

Question 45:
A project manager is leading a project that requires ball bearings to be manufactured to
meet precise specifications. After conducting the test of measuring the size of the ball
bearings in the first batch of the production run, it is determined that the size exceeds
the control limits established for the project, and the entire batch must be scrapped

What should the project manager do first?

Recalibrate the machine as necessary and retest the batch

Capture the information in the issue log and assign an owner(Correct)
Update the lessons learned register and issue the status report
Make another batch of ball bearings and conduct the test

Explanation
An issue can be described as a current condition or situation that may have an impact
on the project objectives The issue log is a project document where information about
issues is recorded and monitored. Typically, when a deliverable does not meet quality
requirements, the issue is captured in the issue log. An owner can be assigned to
analyze the issue and take the appropriate actions to resolve it. Therefore. of the
available choices, the first thing for the project manager to do in this situation is to
capture the information in the issue log and assign an owner

Question 46:
All project deliverables are completed and approved by the customer The sponsor
congratulates the project manager for successful executionWhat should the project
manager do next?

Nothing. The project is complete

Transfer the product to the customer(Correct)
Take the team to a celebration party
Perform the procurement audit

Explanation
The question does not say that the project is complete- Rather, it says: All planned work
on your project has been completed The project is formally complete only when all
actions and activities listed in the Close Project or Phase process are completed. The
closing actions and activities include: obtaining final acceptance of the project
deliverables. obtaining financial, legal. and administrative closure, communicating the
final project report to the stakeholders. collating lessons learned that were documented
throughout the project. archiving project documents. and transferring the ownership of
the project deliverables to the customer or the assigned stakeholders in accordance with
the project management plan

Question 47:
A project manager has been assigned to a project just after the project charter was
signed. The project manager conducted a benefits analysis with stakeholders which
confirmed that the project was in alignment with the organizational strategy and
expected business value. The project is now complete. and everybody agrees it was
successful in meeting objectives for scope. schedule. and budget. However, the project
was a failure from a business point of view.

What most likely happened?

The competitive landscape changed(Correct)

It is not possible for a project to meet its objectives and not be successful from a
business perspective
The project manager failed to execute the project management plan properly
The benefits analysis was fundamentally flawed
Explanation
It is possible for a project to be successful from a view ,point. and to be unsuccessful
from a business perspective. This situation can occur when there is a change in the
business needs or the market environment before the project is completeL A change in
the competitive landscape may very well cause a project to meet its objectives but fail to
deliver the intended benefits. For example, let's say that a pharmaceutical company
develops a drug to treat the symptoms associated with a certain disease. Just as the new
drug is ready for market, a competing company discovers a cure for the same disease
The drug developed to treat the disease has just been made obsolete by the cure The
project to develop the drug may have been successful in meeting its objectives for
scope. schedule. and budget. but would fail to deliver the intended business value from

selling the drug

Question 48:
A company has always utilized a predictive approach to project management, but now
the project management office wants to incorporate some agile best practices to
generate earlier revenue realization. The project manager is about to begin planning for
the new project and is concerned that the project team is not equipped to work in a
hybrid environment

What is the project manager's best course of action?

Empower the team to self-organize and study agile best practices

Request the training from the project management office (PMO)(Correct)
Add the risk of the team's inadequate agile skills to the risk register
Check the lessons learned repository for agile best practices

Explanation
In the scenario, the project management office (PMO) is driving a transition to agile by
using a hybrid project management approach where some agile best practices are
incorporated into an existing predictive framework- Since the PMO is driving this
change, it is reasonable to assume that they have done some planning on how to bring
the project team(s) up to speed with agile best practices. Additionally. one of the typical
responsibilities of the PMO is to provide project management training. In this case. the
PMO may lack the internal resources to provide such training, Still. they should be able
to secure external resources as needed to ensure a successful transition to a hybrid
model At the very least, the PMO should be able to provide some guidance on how to

obtain the needed training

Question 49:
A key stakeholder complains that attending all iteration review meetings would take too
much time and suggests attending only the end of release demonstration The product
owner is adamant that the stakeholder attends all iteration review meetings as they are
an agile best practice of frequent validation and verification of product increments by
 stakeholdersIn support of their position, the product owner states that attending all
iteration review meetings would help.

Decrease cycle time and reduce the number of work items in progress
Prevent all misunderstanding between stakeholders and the team
Build better working relationships among the team members
Reduce the cost of repairing defects in product increments(Correct)

Explanation
In the scenario. the stakeholder complaining about how frequently they are asked to
attend iteration reviews is likely not experienced in the benefits of agile methods and
best practices such as regular verification and validation. Traditional non-adaptive
project management methods, such as waterfall, do not require the project stakeholders
to verify and validate deliverables until far later in the product or project lifecycle. This
infrequency and delay often result in late detection of defects or issues, which then
require significant amounts of rework and delays The net effect of this late detection is
an increased cost of change and potentially a product that does not meet the needs or

expectations of the project stakeholders and/or customers

Question 50:
To comply with the customer's contract the project must use a certified agile
practitioner to lead and coach the project team. However. the only certified agile
practitioner employed by the company was just assigned to another project. The project
manager must now hire an independent contractor to serve as the agile coach, which
delays the start of project execution

Which of the following may have helped to avoid the delay in executing the project?

Documenting the potential unavailability of the agile coach in the project

assumption log
Using different verbiage in the resource management plan to remove the
requirement for an agile coach
Assigning a different team member from the company to serve as the agile coach
Securing the internal agile certified practitioner with a pre-assignment when this
requirement was first identified(Correct)

Explanation
The question suggests that the project manager is performing the Acquire Resources
process Pre-assignment is one of the tools and techniques that may be used in this
process. h'%/hen physical or team resources for a project are determined in advance.
they are considered pre-assigned. This situation can occur if the project is the result of
specific resources being identified as part of a competitive proposal or if the project is
dependent upon the expertise of a particular person. Had the qualified agile coach
employed by the company been pre-assigned, the resource may have been available for
the other project and the situation described by the question may have been avoided

Question 51:
A project team has established a stable velocity of 50 story points per two-week
iteration. and there are 500 story points remaining in the project backlog. As the team is
about to begin the next sprint, the project sponsor informs the project manager that
due to market conditions the remaining scope must be completed in 18 weeks.

What is the best course of action for the project manager?

Recommend project termination so that the team can fail fast

Ask the product owner which user stories can be eliminated(Correct)
Change development cadence from two-week iterations to weekly
Request that the project sponsor reprioritize the backlog

Explanation
With a stable velocity of 50 points per two-week iteration the team is trending to
complete the remaining 500 story points in 10 iterations (500 1 50 = 10). which
represents 20 weeks With the deadline being moved up to 18 weeks remaining, it is not
likely that the team will be able to complete the entire scope. For the team to complete
the project in 18 weeks instead of 20, the velocity will need to be increased, or the scope
must be reduced. It is possible that the project backlog includes features that may have
value but are not imperative. Reducing the scope may not be a viable option, but it is a
valid option that should be explored Since none of the answer choices are likely to

increase velocity, asking the product owner to "eliminate• some user stories (or in

other words, to reprioritize the backlog) is the best answer to the question asked

Question 52:
You are developing a charter for a high-risk project. You are aware that the project
sponsor has a low-risk tolerance, which requires special consideration What should you
do next?
Double the size of the management and contingency reserves
Ensure the risk identification process is extremely rigorous
Tell the sponsor that you have managed similar projects
Consult with a PMI Risk Management Professional (Correct)

Explanation
describes a high-risk project in the initiation stage where project risk is a significant
concern. Although the identification of individual project risks is not formally performed
until project planning, the project charter should contain a summary of the overall
project risk The project manager should consider consulting individuals or groups who
have specialized knowledge or training in risk identification. Seeking assistance from a
PMI Risk Management Professional (PMI-RMP) is an example of expert judgment. Under
the circumstances described in the scenarios, it is the best answer to the question

asked

Question 53:
You are leading a software development project, which is utilizing an agile framework.
While monitoring the progress of the project, it is apparent that velocity is trending
down, and you are aware of some setbacks that have been encountered by the
development team. You want to capture and analyze lessons learned so far during the
project to improve the process going forwardWhat is the best way to achieve this goal?

Perform a sprint review

Schedule a sprint planning meeting
Conduct an iteration retrospective(Correct)
Lessons learned are not utilized on agile projects

Explanation
The question is being asked from an agile perspective. Iteration (or sprint) planning,
reviews. and retrospectives are all ceremonies that are associated with an agile
framework The iteration retrospective is a specialized meeting that is held by the project
team at the end of an iteration. The purpose of the meeting is to discuss what went well
during the iteration as well as "'hat improvements can be made for future iterations Of
the available choices, the iteration retrospective is the best way to capture and analyze
lessons learned during the project.

Question 54:
A project manager is performing the activities required to close the project. Although
the stakeholders are pleased with the results of the project, there were quite a few
missteps along the way. and the project manager and team learned a great deal. The
project manager wants to ensure that the knowledge gained from this project can
benefit future projects.

What should the project manager do first?

Finalize the lessons learned register(Correct)

Meet with the project managers of future projects and share the knowledge
Prepare the final project report
Hand over the lessons learned register to the project management office

Explanation
The question suggests that the Close Project or Phase process is being performed
During the Close Project or Phase process, all of the project documents. including the
lessons learned register. are updated to their final versions. The lessons learned register
is a project document used to record knowledge gained during a project so that it can
be used in the current project and entered into the lessons learned repository as part of
the Close Project or Phase process. The lessons learned repository is an organizational
process asset. which serves as a store of historical information about lessons learned
from projects. The lessons learned register should first be finalized before the
information is transferred to the lessons learned repository where it will be available for

use on future projects

Question 55:
A project manager reviews surveys from participants of a recent project meeting. Based
on the feedback provided. it is evident that attendees in the back of the meeting room
had difficulty hearing the speakers and seeing the slide presentation. Some have
suggested having the presenters use microphones as well as distributing hard copies of
the presentation before the meeting, so all of the attendees can better follow along

What should the project manager do next?

Update the lessons learned repository
Revise the stakeholder register
Reduce the number of participants invited to future meetings
Capture the information in the issue log(Correct)

Explanation
The feedback from the participants that describes problems encountered during the
meeting can be described as issues and, therefore. should be captured in the issue log.
The issue log will help the project manager effectively track and manage the issue,
ensuring it is investigated and resolved Actions that might be taken to address the issue
described in the scenario include sharing the meeting minutes and slide presentation
with the participants, so they can review any information that may have been missed.
Alternatively, the project manager might follow up individually or as a group with those
that expressed difficulty during the meeting to ensure their understanding and address
any questions or concerns Whatever action is taken to resolve the issue, the final
solution should also be captured in the issue logIt is important to note that the situation
and its resolution should also be captured in the lessons learned register This step will
enable corrective action to be taken for future meetings including for example, the use
of microphones and distribution of hard copies of the presentation before the start of
the meeting. However updating the lessons learned register was not listed as an option
Therefore. of the available choices. updating the issue log is the best answer to the
question asked

Question 56:
To estimate project resources, the resource management plan calls to use data from a
previous similar project that employed a fully dedicated scrum team of four developers-
You decide to acquire five developers since another project needs 20% of their time.
However, after the first three sprints. the team's velocity is insufficient to complete the
project within the approved schedule baseline

What might have prevented this problem?

If possible. the two projects should have been carried out sequentially rather than
concurrently.(Correct)
You should have acquired eight developers that would have been 50% dedicated
to the project.
A team of subject matter experts should have been acquired instead of the team
of scrum developers
You should have used bottom-up. not analogous. estimating as specified in the
resource management plan

Explanation
The scenario describes a project that combines agile methodologies (a scrum team,
sprints, etc.) with predictive elements (the schedule baseline), making this a hybrid
project. The scenario implies that the resource management plan called for the use of
analogous estimating to estimate the team resources required for the project. The
previous similar project had a fully dedicated team of four developers, However. for the
current project, the team members are not fully dedicated and would need to devote
20% of their time to another project Even though the total labor hours of the five team
members working their time equal to four team members working 100% of their time,
the decision to use a project team that was not 100% dedicated to the project would
likely lead to task switching penalties, which would reduce productivity and velocity for
both projects. Running projects sequentially instead of concurrently would allow each
project to run with a team of five fully dedicated team members- With such a team, the
velocity can be higher and the project can be completed ahead of schedule freeing up
the project team to complete the second project While in some cases, the timing of
projects is not discretionary for a variety of reasons, still, whenever possible, running
projects that use the same project resources sequentially rather than concurrently is
more efficient and, in this case. would have likely prevented the situation from

happening in the first place

Question 57:
You took over a project in execution to build a new marine radar system The project has
proceeded smoothly until the quality inspection team reports that most of the high
voltage test equipment is badly corroded and will need to be replaced. You remember
your predecessor mentioning a surprisingly inexpensive solution for a similar problem
earlier in the project.

Where should you look for the details of this solution?

Organizational process assets

Resource breakdown structure
Risk management plan
Issue log(Correct)

Explanation
According to the scenario, you are looking for a solution that helped resolve a similar
issue earlier in the project This implies you are carrying out the Manage Quality process.
The issue log helps the project manager effectively track and manage issues, and it will
typically include the details about issues encountered throughout the project This may
include the issue type, who raised it date/time, description priority who the issue was
assigned to. status. and the final solution. Therefore. assuming the previous project
manager carried out the project using sound project management practices. the issue
log is supposed to include the details of the solution you are looking for

Question 58:
You are considering using Unique Foods for a catering work package in your project.
Unique Foods has begun ordering food based on informal discussions with you. They
are requesting funds to order the rest of the supplies and begin work.

What is your next best response?

Request Unique Foods to wait until procurement documents are prepared(Correct)

Schedule a meeting and go over procurement deliverables and timing
Assess the Unique Food Inc. requirements and develop a project scope statement
Start payments so resources can be procured

Explanation
The question states that you are considering a vendor to deliver some of the work
packages for your project implying you are in the Conduct Procurements process.
Agreements (or procurement agreements) are an output from this process Based on the
scenario described, so far only informal discussions between your organization and one
of the prospective sellers Unique Foods, took place. without any formalized
procurement agreement between your project and the seller there is no requirement for
supplying funds or resources to the potential seller Project managers are responsible for
managing the costs of the project Handing over funds to an outside party based on the
prospect of procuring materials or resources from them is the unwise management of

the project funds

Question 59:
You are managing a project for a grocery store that is upgrading its retail management
system. Your company contracts with a vendor for the supply. installation. and
configuration of the point of sale systems You have met with the seller to inspect the
completed installation of the point of sale systems and have found they meet the
technical and quality requirements outlined in the contract. The seller has received the
final payment.

What should you do next?

Perform a procurement audit

Close the project
Provide the seller with formal written notice that the contract has been
completed(Correct)
Issue a work performance report

Explanation
When a seller has provided the product or service defined by the procurement contract,
the procurement is closed. Requirements for formal procurement closure are usually
specified in the terms and conditions of the agreement and are included in the
procurement management plan. Typically to close a procurement, all deliverables should
have been provided and inspected to ensure they meet technical and quality
requirements, there should be no outstanding claims or invoices. and all final payments
should have been made. In the final step of closing a procurement contract, the buyer

provides the seller with formal written notice that the contract has been completed

Question 60:
Midway into the project execution, one of the project team members approaches the
project manager with concerns that the quality of the project deliverables is low.

How should this concern be verified?

Issue a risk report

Decompose the project deliverables
Conduct a walkthrough(Correct)
Submit a change request

Explanation
Inspection (sometimes called a walkthrough) is among the tools and techniques that can
be used on projects to measure and examine the work deliverables to determine
whether they conform to documented standards, Inspection can be used while carrying
out the Validate Scope process or the Control Quality process. In the scenario described
the team member expressed their concern regarding the quality of the deliverables.
Therefore, to verify the concern. it is appropriate to conduct a walkthrough as part of
the Control Quality process.