G-BOT

PERSONAL ASSISTANT MEDI BOT FOR OLD AGE PEOPLE

PROJECT REPORT

SUBMITTED BY

AJESH R (BJK19EC002)
AKHILA (BJK19EC004)
SRAVAN S (BJK19EC019)
SWATHI CHITHRAN (BJK19EC020)

Bachelor of Technology
in
Electronics and Communication Engineering

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

2023

APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University

 PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in partial fulfilment of

the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Technology in
Electronics and Communication Engineering
of the A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University.

Submitted by

AJESH R (BJK19EC002)
AKHILA S (BJK19EC004)
SRAVAN S (BJK19EC019)
SWATHI CHITHRAN (BJK19EC020)

Guided by Ms. Anju D S

Assistant Professor, Dept. of ECE

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Bishop Jerome Institute, Kollam
May 2023
 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING, BISHOP JEROME INSTITUTE, KOLLAM

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this report entitled G-BOT, is a bonafide record of the Project work done
by Ajesh R (BJK19EC002), Akhila S (BJK19EC004), Sravan S (BJK19EC019), Swathi
Chithran (BJK19EC020) under our guidance towards partial fulfilment of therequirements for
the award of the Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication
Engineering of the A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University during the year 2022-2023.

Ms. Anju D S Mr. Mahesh. S Mr. Roy S

Asst. Professor Asst. Professor Asst. Professor
Dept. of ECE, BJI Dept. of ECE, BJI Dept. of ECE, BJI
(Guide) (Project Coordinator) (HOD)
 DECLARATION

We Ajesh R, Akhila S, Sravan S, Swathi Chithran hereby declare that, this project report
entitled ‘G-BOT’ is the bonafide work of ours carried out under the supervision of Ms. Anju
D S, Assistant Professor, Dept. of ECE. We declare that, to the best of our knowledge, the
work reported herein does not form part of any other project report or dissertation on the basis
of which a degree or award was conferred on an earlier occasion to any other candidate. The
content of this report is not being presented by any other student to this or any other
University for the award of a degree.

Signature(s):
Name of the Student(s): Ajesh R
Akhila S
Sravan S
Swathi Chithran

Uni. Register No: BJK19EC002

BJK19EC004
BJK19EC019
BJK19EC020

Signature(s):
Name of Guide(s): Ms. Anju D S

Countersigned with Name: Mr. Roy S

Head, Department of Electronics and Communication EngineeringBishop Jerome Institute,
Kollam.

Date:…../…../………
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all we humbly remember the grace and blessings that Almighty God bestowed onus,
without which our attempt would not have been a success. We take this opportunity to express
our deep gratitude towards those who have guided and supported us to make our efforts bear
fruit.

We are thankful to our respected Principal Dr. D. Roshan Kumar for providing us with all
the facilities required for the completion of our work.

We express our sincere gratitude to Mr. Roy. S, Head of the Department, Electronics and
Communication Engineering, for his support, valuable suggestions and also for providing the
necessary facilities.

We would like to thank our project coordinator Mr. Mahesh. S Asst. Professor in Electronics
and Communication Engineering Department, for his timely guidance and advices.

We are indebted to our guide Ms. Anju. D. S Asst. Professor in Electronics and
Communication Engineering Department, for her excellent guidance, positive criticism and
valuable suggestions.

We would also like to thank all the faculty members of Electronics and Communication
Engineering department. We sincerely thank our parents and friends for their moral support
andhelp.

Place: Kollam
Date:

i
 ABSTRACT

Many older adults value their independence and prefer to age in place. Robots can be

designed to assist older people with performing everyday livelihood tasks and maintaining

their independence at home. Worldwide demographic trends of a growing societies raise the

demand for assistive technologies for senior people, including in particular robotic aids.

Robot systems can support the domestic medication of an elderly person. So, our project ‘An

IOT Based Personal Assistant Medi-BOT for old age people (G-BOT)’ is aimed at providing

a helping hand for our older generations. The BOT has functions such as providing the right

medicines at the right time, providing water, video calling to their loved ones using voice

commands. The BOT can also be used to monitor the old ones. During any emergency

situations the bot will be able to provide notifications and calls to the relatives of the user and

also give information to the nearest medical emergency crew to save the users life. So, G-Bot

can provide a fruitful life for the old age people by giving them care, attention and the

entertainment they need on time. Thus, organizing their life and their day-to-day schedules.

Keywords: Automated medicine dispenser; GSM emergency SMS; provide water; voice

commands; Arduino IDE

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page No:

ABSTRACT ii

LIST OF FIGURES iv

LIST OF TABLES v

Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION 1

Chapter 2. PROBLEM DEFINITION 2

Chapter 3. LITERATURE SURVEY 3

Chapter 4. FINAL SOLUTION 4

Chapter 5. BLOCK DIAGRAM 5

Chapter 6. FLOWCHART 7

Chapter 7. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

7.1 ARDUINO MEGA 2560 9

7.2 GEARED MOTOR (12V 10 RPM) 10

7.3 MOTOR DRIVER (VNH2SP30) 11

7.4 SERVO MOTOR (MG995) 12

7.5 VOICE RECOGNIZER (SKU:255860) 12

7.6 BATTERY (12V 7ah) 13

7.7 SPEAKER (5W 80Ohms) 14

7.8 AUDIO AMPLIFIER 15

iii
7.9 TIMER RTC (DS3231) 15
7.10 ULTRASONIC SENSOR JSN-SR04T 16
7.11 SD CARD MODULE 5V I2C 17
7.12 RELAY 5V 18
7.13 IR PROXIMITY SENSOR 18
7.14 SIM900A 19

Chapter 8. CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS 20

Chapter 9. SOFTWARE PLATFORM AND CODING 22

Chapter 10. COST EVALUATION 23

Chapter 11. RESULT 24

Chapter 12. FUTURE SCOPE 25

Chapter 13. CONCLUSION 26

REFERENCES 27

iv
 LIST OF FIGURE

Fig.No: Name Of Figure Page No:

Fig.5.1 BLOCK DIGRAM OF SYSTEM 5

Fig.6.1 FLOW CHART OF SYSTEM 7
Fig.7.1.1 ARDUINO MEGHA 2560 9
Fig.7.2.1 GEARED MOTOR 10
Fig.7.3.1 MOTOR DRIVE 11
Fig.7.4.1 SERVO MOTOR 12
Fig.7.5.1 VOICE RECOGNIZER 12
Fig.7.6.1 BATTERY 13
Fig.7.7.1 SPEAKER 14
Fig.7.8.1 AUDIO AMPLIFIER 15
Fig.7.9.1 TIMER RTC 15
Fig.7.10.1 ULTRASONIC 16
Fig.7.11.1 SD CARD MODULE 17
Fig.7.12.1 WATER PUMP 18
Fig.7.13.1 IR PROXIMITY SENSOR 18
Fig.7.14.1 SIM900A 19

Fig.8.1 CIRCUIT DIGRAM OF THE SYSTEM 20

Fig.9.1 ARDUINO IDE 22
Fig.11(a,b,c) PRODUCT 24
 v

LIST OF TABLES

Table No: Name of Table Page No:

Table.10.1 Cost Estimation 23

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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

In today’s busy World as most of the people don’t have time to be with the old age people.
People might not be able to take care of them. The consumption of medicines for such people
is really difficult. Old ones might not be able to keep a track on the time to consume their
medicines. Many of them will be having memory loss or diseases like dementia. So our
project ‘A Personal Assistant Medi-BOT for old age people (G-BOT= Geriatric-Bot)’ is
aimed at providing a helping hand for our older generations. Our bot will surely make the life
of the old people much organized and easier. The BOT has functions such as providing the
right medicines at the right time, providing water, speaking out the time and sending SOS
SMS in case of an emmergency. During any emergency situations the bot will be able to
provide notifications and thus alert the relatives of the user and also give information to the
nearest medical emergency crew to save the users life. It also have the functionality of
providing water with the help of a voice command. Our bot will have added functionalities
like internet connected voice assistance that will help in providing small entertainments and
getting information’s through the internet with the help of a voice command, it will also have
added functionalities like making a remainder for any events stated by the user, these features
can be added in the near future, due to time limitations we haven’t included them. The bot
will travel towards the patient and provides the medicine and water at the right time. So our
bot will become a new stepping stone for medicine dispensing and old age assistant bots.

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CHAPTER 2

PROBLEM DEFINITION

People are very busy with their life, they are now unable to give care or help their old ones all
the time. They are unable to even speak to them or entertain them. The increasing age of the
people will reduce their memory capacity and their illnesses, they may not be able to walk all
the time, they may need more rest, some may be bedridden, some won’t be able to think
logically. So for taking their medicines on the right time and for getting remainder for doing
their daily needs out bot will aid them. It will be difficult for them to walk and drink water all
the time so they will ignore the fact that they need to drink water and will skip it. If it was
possible to provide water at the right time near them then they will drink it. Our bot will also
aid them for this purpose. It will be difficult for old age people to identify the time on the
clock due to lack of proper eye sight. Our Bot will aid them in this process. During the old
age they may need constant surveillance .Their children can get SOS sms if something goes
wrong. Sometimes there won’t be anyone in the house so in case there is some medical
emergency something bad can happen. Our bot will provide emergency alerts to their
relatives and the emergency services near them. So immidiate attention can be givent to the
patient.

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CHAPTER 3

LITERATURE SURVEY

3.1. Design and Proto type of Smart Automated Pill Dispenser (2020-21)

The product is a stationary machine of the size of a box which dispenses medicines which are
filled in it at the right time. It also gives are minder about having the medicine at right time.

3.2. HERA: Home Environment Robot Assistant (2019)

The bot act as a companion for kids by providing music and knowledge using voice
command. The bot also provides alarm facility to wake kids up cheerfully. It simply can
define as a companion for kids to make them cheerful as well as bring out the talent within
them.

3.3. Robot for Delivery of Medicines to Patients in Health Care

The bot can be used to give medicine to patient by not going near the patients. The bot is
controlled using a remote. By using the remote the bot is moved towards the patient from
which the medicine can be consumed by the patient. The project was done during covid when
going near the patient was not a good idea for nurses to give medicine.

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CHAPTER 4

FINAL SOLUTION

G-Bot was able to solve the problem of old age people's timely medicine consumption. The
bot was able to provide water and speak out time whenever asked. The bot is able to move
towards the user and provide them the medicine and water so they don’t need to walk towards
it also. Voice commands helped in hands free operations. Medical emergencies were handled
properly on time. The family of the old age people will be able provide help when an
emergency situation arises as g bot will alert them during emergencies. G-Bot is a complete
solution for the problems faced by the old people during their 70 sand 80s. Self-charging
facility of the bot enable all time working of the bot.

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CHAPTER 5

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Figure 5.1 Block diagram of system

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EXPLANATION OF BLOCK DIAGRAM

The Arduino Mega 2560 is powered by a 12V battery. The RTC module connect to the Arduino

will send the accurate time to it. When the time for medication is reached the Arduino sends

information to the servo motor so that it will move towards the patient following a given path.

This movement is facilitated with the help of the ultrasonic sensor and the proximity sensors. The

DC-DC boost converter is used for providing proper high voltage to the geared motors. When the

bot reaches near the user the servo motors will work the medicine dispenser and the medicines are

provided to the user. Whenever a voice command is received through the voice recognizer needed

output is given or provided as voice message. The SD card module is used for saving the needed

programs which can be accessed by the Arduino. Audio amplifier amplifies the output audio

signal and sends out voice message through the speaker. The LCD display displays all the required

digital outputs.

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CHAPTER 6

FLOW CHART

Fig 6.1 Flow chart of system

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EXPLANATION OF BLOCK DIAGRAM

Initialize the system and bot will stays on the charging doc itself. Bot checks whether any

voice command is received.

If any voice command is received,

Provide necessary sound outputs. Bot checks whether any emergency command is

received. If received, call the people in emergency list for help. If not received, bot

checks any command for water is received. If received, move towards the patient

and provide water. If not, command received bot stays on the charging doc.

If no voice command is received,

Bot checks the time of medication. If time of medication is reached make a

reminder and provide the medicine. If time of medication is not reached is bot stays

on the charging doc.

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CHAPTER 7

HARDWARE DESCRIPTIONS

7.1 ARDUINO MEGA 2560

Fig.7.1.1 Arduino MEGA 2560

The Arduino Mega2560 has a number of facilities for communicating with a computer,
another Arduino, or other microcontrollers. The ATmega2560 provides four hardware
UARTs for TTL (5V) serial

SPECIFICATIONS

• Advanced RISC architecture – On-chip 2-cycle multiplier

• High endurance, non-volatile memory segments
• JTAG (IEEE 1149.1 compliant) interface
• QTouch library support
• Power-on reset (POR) and programmable brown-out detection
• Internal Calibrated RC oscillator
• External and internal interrupt sources

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7.1 GEARED MOTOR (12V 60 RPM)

Fig7.2.1 Geared Motor

Geared motors are used in G-BOT to provide high torque. A geared DC motor has a gear
assembly attached to the motor. This speed of motor is counted in terms of rotations of the
shaft per minute and is termed as RPM. The gear assembly helps in increasing the torque and
reducing the speed.

SPECIFICATIONS
• Motor Type : DC with Gear Box, Metal Gears
• Base Motor : DC 18000 RPM
• Shaft Type : Circular 6mm Dia with M3 thread hole.
30 mm shaft Length
• RPM : 60 RPM at 12V
• Weight : 180 Gms
• Max Load Current: Up to 7.5A (Max)

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7.1 MOTOR DRIVER (VNH2SP30)

Fig7.3.1 MOTOR DRIVER (L298N)

We use motor drivers to give high power to the motor by using a small voltage signal from a
micro controller or a control system. If the microprocessor transmits a HIGH input to the
motor driver. The driver will rotate the motor in one direction keeping the one pin as HIGH
and one pin as LOW.

SPECIFICATIONS
• Dual H Bridge Motor Drive
• L298N Motor Driver IC
• Drives up to 2 Bi-Directional motors
• Integrated 5V power regulator
• 5V to 35V power regulator
• 5V to 35V drive voltage
• 2A max drive current

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7.4 SERVO MOTOR(MG995)

Fig.7.4.1 SERVO MOTOR(MG995)

Servo motors are used for robotic applications that require precision positioning. Before
diving too deeply into the ways servos are used in robotics.

SPECIFICATIONS

• Operating voltage : 4.8V

• Idle current : 5mA
• No load speed: 0.17sec/60°
• Running current: 350mA
• Peak stall torque: 9.0kg.cm

7.5 VOICE RECOGNIZER (SKU: 25586)

Fig.7.5.1 VOICE RECOGNIZER (SKU: 25586)

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The Voice Recognizer used in robot to understand spoken instructions. So, the robot can
recognize defined commands and the design robot will navigate based on the instruction
through Voice Recognizer.

SPECIFICATIONS:

• Voltage: 4.4 -5.5 V

• Current:40 mA

• Digital Port: UART Port and GPIO 5V TTL Level

• Simulate Port: 3.5mm mono microphone connector and microphone pin interface

• Recognition accuracy: 99% (in an ideal environment)

• Supports up to 80 voice commands, 1500ms per voice (one or two words)

• Up to 7 voice commands are valid at the same time

7.6 12V 7Ah BATTERY

Figure 7.6.1 12v 7ah BATTERY

The main sources of electrical for robots are batteries. The type of battery that is used for a
robot varies depending on the safety, life cycle and weight. Lead acid batteries are commonly
used battery.

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SPECIFICATIONS
• Nominal Voltage: 12v.
• Nominal Capacity @ 20hr rate (AH): 7.0.
• Discharge Current @ 20hr rate (mA): 350.
• Dimensions: 15.1 x 6.5 x 9.4cm (5.95 x 2.56 x 3.7")
• Weight: 2.7kg.

7.7 SPEAKER =5W 8Ohms

Figure 7.7.1 Speaker =5W 8Ohms

A speaker in robot to deliver a speech or to make the sound from the robot louder. It is a
electroacoustic transducer that convert and electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound.

SPECIFICATIONS

• Power: Rated Power / Maximum Power 5.0W / 5.5W.

• Impedance: 8 Ohms Plus/Minus 15%.
• Size: 70 mm * 31 mm * 16 mm / 3.1 inch * 1.2 inch * 0.63 inch (L* W * T).
• Compatible With Arduino, Robot, Raspberry Pi, Advertising Machine, Game
Machine, Integrated Machine Special Speaker etc, Projects.

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7.8 AUDIO AMPLIFIR

Figure 7.8.1 Audio Amplifier

It is designed to drive Professional Stereo Audio Speakers. This Amplifier Board is mostly
used with 8-ohm speakers but it can successfully drive the speaker as low as 4 ohms. It's a
very highly efficient board which eliminates the need of using a heat sink. This device is
fullly protected against the shorts to GND, VCC & Output to Output.

SPECIFICATIONS

• Operating voltage range: 8V to 24V

• Amplifier chip: TPA3110 / HDX8816A
• Output power: 2 x 15W
• Dimension: 25mm x 33mm x 3mm

7.9 Timer RTC (ds3231)

Figure 7.9.1 Timer RTC (ds3231)

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A Real Time Clock or RTC is a digital clock with a primary function to keep accurate
track of time even when a power supply is turned off or a device is placed in low power
mode. RTC’s are comprised of a controller, oscillator and an embedded quartz crystal
resonator.

SPECIFICATIONS
• 318 temporary data storage RAM
• Working current of 2.0V, less than 300nA
• 8 pin DIP package or optional 8 pin SOIC package based on the surface assembly
• Simple 3 wire interface

7.10 Ultrasonic sensor JSN-SR04T

Figure 7.10.1 Ultrasonic sensor JSN-SR04T

The ultrasonic sensor is useful for detecting objects that are some distance away from the
robot. However, unlike the touch sensor, the ultrasonic sensor does not rely on physical
contact. The distance gives more space in which respond.

SPECIFICATIONS
• Operating Voltage: 5 V
• Sonar Sensing Range: 2-400 cm
• Max. Sensing Range: 4500 cm
• Frequency: 40 KHz

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• Thickness: 2.8-3.1 mm
• The diameter of mounting hole: 3.8mm
• Mounting Bracket Material: acrylic

7.11 SD Card Module 5V I2C

Figure 7.11.1 SD Card Module 5V I2C

An SD Card module is an essential component for all microprocessor / microcontroller

which helps in data login and creates a local data backup which can be accessed at any
point later in time, unlike in systems which lack a card reader module where the data from
sensor or other input devises is immediately lost as soon as the system powers off.

SPECIFICATIONS

• Support Micro SD Card (<=2G), Micro SDHC card (<=32G) (high-speed card)
• The level conversion circuit board that can interface level is 5V or 3.3V
• Power supply is 4.5V ~ 5.5V, 3.3V voltage regulator circuit board
• Communication interface is a standard SPI interface
• 4 M2 screw positioning holes for easy installation
• Size: 4.1 x 2.4cm

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7.12 Water pump

Figure 7.12.1 Water pump

A mini submersible water pump is a centrifugal water pump, which means that it uses a
motor to power an impeller that is designed to rotate and push water outwards.

SPECIFICATIONS

• Material: Polyvinyl Chloride

• Style: Submersible
• Power Source : ac/dc
• Maximum Flow Rate :120 Liters Per Hour

7.13 IR PROXIMITY SENSOR

Figure 7.13.1 IR Proximity Sensor

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• Detection range: Few centimetres to several meters.

• Operating voltage: IR Proximity sensor include 3.3V,5V & 12V

7.14 SIM900A

Figure 7.14.1 SIM900A

This is an ultra-compact and reliable wireless module. The SIM900A is a complete Dual-
band GSM/GPRS solution in a SMT module which can be embedded in the customer
applications allowing you to benefit from small dimensions and cost-effective solutions

SPECIFICATIONS
Dimensions: 24x24x3mm
Weight: 3.4g
Control via AT commands (GSM 07.07 ,07.05 and SIMCOM enhanced AT
Commands)
SIM application toolkit
Supply voltage range: 3.2 ... 4.8V
Low power consumption: 1.0mA (sleep mode)
Operation temperature: -40°C to +85 °C

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CHAPTER 8

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Figure 8.1 Circuit diagram

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EXPLANATION OF CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

The figure shows the detailed circuit diagram of G-Bot : The 12v battery powers the motor
drive with 12v supply and the 5v output from the motor driver gives power to the Arduino.
The Rtc module connected to the Arduino sends the live time to the Arduino using its SCL
and SDA pins which are connected to the Arduino mega to establish an I2C communication.
When the required time is reached, the Arduino mega collects data from the IR proximity
sensors which are connected to the digital pins of the Arduino from the IR1 and IR2 pins of
the IR proximity sensor modules which is powered by 5v by the Arduino mega. According to
the sensor readings the motor drive is given instructions to turn the 2 geared motors. The IN1,
IN2, IN3&IN4 are the 4 pins that controls the direction in which the motors are to be driven
by the motor drive the EnA and EnB pins connected to the Arduino from the motor drive
controls the speed of the motors. The ultrasonic sensor is connected to the Arduinos digital
pins to check whether any obstacles are Infront of the bot. For that the eco and the trigger
pins provides information to the Arduino. The voice recognizer module is constantly
checking for voice signals. The RX pin of the voice recognizer is connected to the Arduinos
TX pin and the TX pin of the voice recognizer is connected to the RX pin of the Arduino. A
5v supply is provided to the voice recognizer by the Arduino. These pins help recognize any
voice signals and provide necessary outputs. The water pump is connected to the Arduino to
pump water during medicine dispensing period and on voice commands. In case of any
emergency a voice command can be given which will be recognized by the voice recognizer,
the GSM module whose transmitter and receiver pins are connected to the pins 15 and 16 gets
activated and sends the emergency message to the saved contacts. In case of voice command
for time the speaker connected with the out pin of amplifier whose pins are connected to the
amplifier gives the sound output of the time at that instance. The main feature of the G-BOT
which is to give medicine is made possible with the help of a servo motor which rotates at
particular delay to drop the medicine at right time. The servo motor is connected to the A1
pin of the Arduino along with VCC and GND connected appropriately

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CHAPTER 9

SOFTWARE PLATFORM

9.1 Arduino IDE:

The Arduino projects provides the Arduino Integrated Development Environment

(IDE), which is a cross-platform application (for Windows, macOS, Linux) that is
written in functions from C and C++. It is used to write and upload programs to
Arduino compatible boards, but also, with the help of third-party cores, other
vendor development boards. The program or code written in the Arduino IDE is
often called as sketching. We need to connect the Arduino board with the IDE to
upload the sketch written in the Arduino IDE software. The sketch is saved with
the extension ‘. ino.'

The Arduino IDE will appear as:

Figure 9.1.1 Arduino IDE

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CHAPTER 10
COST ESTIMATION

SI.NO
COMPONENTS NO OF COMPONENTS
COST

1 Arduino Mega 2580 1 2000

2 Geared Motor 2 840

3 Motor Drive 3 250

4 Servo Motor 1 300

5 Voice Recognizer 1 2100

6 Battery 1 1000

7 Speaker 1 100

8 Audio Amplifier 1 70

9 Timer RTC 1 350

10 SIM900A 1 1000

11 Ultrasonic Sensor 1 100

12 Water pump 1 200

13 SD Card Module 1 70

14 IR Proximity Sensor 2 300

15 Body 3500

TOTAL 12180

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CHAPTER 11

RESULTS

Figure 11(a,b,c)

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CHAPTER 12

FUTURE SCOPE

G-Bot can be used as a complete medical and geriatric bot with functionalities like guided

walking for the old age, giving medicines to bedridden people by providing water and

medicine near their mouth. This bot can also be used for providing food to the patients. It can

be used in hospitals as an assistant bot. We can add connect home automated technologies so

that the bot will have access to all the devices in the house so that it can easily operate every

device with just a voice command or can think by itself and operate the devices according to

the conditions required in the house. We can connect the bot to the hospitals on line servers

so that the bot can monitor the patients and the data’s collected can be used by the doctors for

medical purposes. This bot can be used to move the old age people outside the house or

towards aids during an emergency situation. G-Bot can also help the old age people in all

their day-to-day activities and become a complete assistant thus eliminating the need of a

human assistant in the house. The bot can also take the role of an automated surveillance

device and become a security for the house.

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CHAPTER 13

CONCLUSION

An IOT Based Personal Assistant Medi-BOT for old age people (G-BOT)’ is aimed at

providing a helping hand for our older generations. Our bot will surely make the life of the

old people much organized and easier. The Bot has functions such as providing the right

medicines at the right time, providing water, video calling to their loved ones using voice

commands. The Bot can also be used to monitor the old ones with the help of the video

camera which can be accessed using a smartphone or a computer, during any emergency

situation the Bot will be able to provide notifications and calls to the relatives of the user and

also give information to the nearest medical emergency crew to save the users life. It also has

the functionality of providing water with the help of a voice command. Our bot will have

added functionalities like internet connected voice assistance that will help in providing small

entertainments and getting information’s through the internet with the help of a voice

command. The Bot will travel towards the patient and provides the medicine and water at the

right time. It will also have added functionalities like making a remainder for any events

stated by the user. So, our project will become a new milestone in the field of medicine

dispensers and geriatric Bots.

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REFERENCES

1. Marat Dosaev, Vitaly Samsonov, Shyh-Shin Hwang, “Construction of control

algorithm in the problem of the planar motion of a friction powered robot with a

flywheel and an eccentric weight”, Applied Mathematical Modelling, Volume 89,

Part 2, 2021, Pages

2. R. F. Sear et al., "Quantifying COVID-19 Content in the Online Health Opinion War

Using Machine Learning," in IEEE Access, vol.8, pp. 91886-91893, 2020.

3. P. Piver, C. Sallée, L.M. Durand, Y. Aubard, A. Tardieu, T.Gauthier,Robot-assisted

laparoscopic auto-graft of patchwork ovariancortex in two steps, Journal of

Gynecology Obstetrics and Human Reproduction, Volume 49, Issue7, 2020

4. Russell H. Taylor, Peter Kazanzides, Gregory S. Fischer, Nabil Simaan, Chapter

Nineteen - Medical robotics and computer-integrated interventional medicine,

Editor(s): David Dagan Feng, In Biomedical Engineering, Biomedical Information

Technology (Second Edition), Academic Press,2020, Pages 617-672

5. Namita Mhatre, Karan Motani, Maitri Shah, SwatiMali, “Donna Interactive Chat-bot

acting as a Personal Assistant” in International Journal of Computer Applications

(0975 – 8887) Volume 140 –No.10, April 2016.

Dept. of ECE, BJI

27
 Project Report G-BOT

APPENDIX

Dept. of ECE, BJI

28
 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3

Product Reference Manual

SKU: A000067

Description
Arduino® Mega 2560 is an exemplary development board dedicated for building extensive applications as
compared to other maker boards by Arduino. The board accommodates the ATmega2560 microcontroller, which
operates at a frequency of 16 MHz. The board contains 54 digital input/output pins, 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs
(hardware serial ports), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.

Target Areas
3D Printing, Robotics, Maker

1 / 17 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3 Modified: 22/05/2023

 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3

Features
ATmega2560 Processor

Up to 16 MIPS Throughput at 16MHz

256k bytes (of which 8k is used for the bootloader)
4k bytes EEPROM
8k bytes Internal SRAM
32 × 8 General Purpose Working Registers
Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator
Four 8-bit PWM Channels
Four Programmable Serial USART
Controller/Peripheral SPI Serial Interface

ATmega16U2

Up to 16 MIPS Throughput at 16 MHz

16k bytes ISP Flash Memory
512 bytes EEPROM
512 bytes SRAM
USART with SPI master only mode and hardware flow control (RTS/CTS)
Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface

Sleep Modes

Idle
ADC Noise Reduction
Power-save
Power-down
Standby
Extended Standby

Power

USB Connection
External AC/DC Adapter

I/O

54 Digital
16 Analog
15 PWM Output

2 / 17 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3 Modified: 22/05/2023

 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3

Contents
1 The Board 4
1.1 Application Examples 4

1.2 Accessories 4
1.3 Related Products 4
2 Ratings 5
2.1 Recommended Operating Conditions 5
2.2 Power Consumption 5
3 Functional Overview 5
3.1 Block Diagram 5
3.2 Board Topology 6

3.3 Processor 7
3.4 Power Tree 7
4 Board Operation 8
4.1 Getting Started - IDE 8
4.2 Getting Started - Arduino Web Editor 8
4.3 Sample Sketches 8
4.4 Online Resources 8

5 Connector Pinouts 8
5.1 Analog 10
5.2 Digital 10
5.3 ATMEGA16U2 JP5 12
5.4 ATMEGA16U2 ICSP1 12
5.5 Digital Pins D22 - D53 LHS 12
5.6 Digital Pins D22 - D53 RHS 13

6 Mechanical Information 13
6.1 Board Outline 13
6.2 Board Mount Holes 14
7 Declaration of Conformity CE DoC (EU) 14
8 Declaration of Conformity to EU RoHS & REACH 211 01/19/2021 3
9 Conflict Minerals Declaration 16
10 FCC Caution 16
11 Company Information 17

12 Reference Documentation 17
13 Revision History 17

3 / 17 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3 Modified: 22/05/2023

 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3

1 The Board
Arduino® Mega 2560 is a successor board of Arduino Mega, it is dedicated to applications and projects that require
large number of input output pins and the use cases which need high processing power. The Arduino® Mega 2560
comes with a much larger set of IOs when we compare it with traditional Uno board considering the form factor of
both the boards.

1.1 Application Examples

Robotics: Featuring the high processing capacitity, the Arduino Mega 2560 can handle the extensive robotic
applications. It is compatible with the motor controller shield that enables it to control multiple motors at an
instance, thus making it perfect of robotic applications. The large number of I/O pins can accommodate many
robotic sensors as well.

3D Printing: Algorithms play a significant role in implementation of 3D printers. Arduino Mega 2560 has the
power to process these complex algorithms required for 3D printing. Additionally, the slight changes to the
code is easily possible with the Arduino IDE and thus 3D printing programs can be customized according to
user requirements.

Wi-Fi: Integrating wireless functionality enhances the utility of the applications. Arduino Mega 2560 is
compatible with WiFi shields hence allowing the wireless features for the applications in 3D printing and
Robotics.

1.2 Accessories

1.3 Related Products

Arduino® Uno Rev 3
Arduino® Nano
Arduino® DUE without headers

4 / 17 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3 Modified: 22/05/2023

 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3

2 Ratings

2.1 Recommended Operating Conditions

Symbol Description Min Max
TOP Operating temperature: -40 °C 85 °C

2.2 Power Consumption

Symbol Description Min Typ Max Unit

PWRIN Input supply from power jack TBC mW
USB VCC Input supply from USB TBC mW
VIN Input from VIN pad TBC mW

3 Functional Overview

3.1 Block Diagram

Arduino MEGA Block Diagram

5 / 17 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3 Modified: 22/05/2023

 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3

3.2 Board Topology

Front View

Arduino MEGA Top View

Ref. Description Ref. Description

USB USB B Connector F1 Chip Capacitor
IC1 5V Linear Regulator X1 Power Jack Connector
JP5 Plated Holes IC4 ATmega16U2 chip
PC1 Electrolytic Alumninum Capacitor PC2 Electrolytic Alumninum Capacitor
D1 General Purpose Rectifier D3 General Purpose Diode
L2 Fixed Inductor IC3 ATmega2560 chip
ICSP Connector Header ON Green LED
RN1 Resistor Array XIO Connector

6 / 17 Arduino® MEGA 2560 Rev3 Modified: 22/05/2023

 SONGLE RELAY

RELAY ISO9002 SRD

1. MAIN FEATURES
ﾷ Switching capacity available by 10A in spite of
small size design for highdensity P.C. board
mounting technique.
ﾷ UL,CUL,TUV recognized.
ﾷ Selection of plastic material for high temperature and
better chemical solution performance.
ﾷ Sealed types
available.
ﾷ Simple relay magnetic circuit to meet low cost of
mass production.

2. APPLICATIONS
ﾷ Domestic appliance, office machine, audio, equipment, automobile, etc.
( Remote control TV receiver, monitor display, audio equipment high rushing current use application.)

3. ORDERING INFORMATION
SRD XX VDC S L C
Model of relay Nominal coil voltage Structure Coil Contact form
A:1 form A
S:Sealed type L:0.36W
SRD 03ƣ05ƣ06ƣ09ƣ12ƣ24ƣ48VDC B:1 form B
F:Flux free type D:0.45W C:1 form C

4. RATING
CCC FILE NUMBER:CQC03001003729 7A/240VDC
CCC FILE NUMBER:CQC03001003731 10A/250VDC
UL /CUL FILE NUMBER: E167996 10A/125VAC 28VDC
TUV FILE NUMBER: R50056114 10A/250VAC 30VDC
5. DIMENSION(unit:mm) DRILLING(unit:mm) WIRING DIAGRAM

1
6. COIL DATA CHART (AT20 ö C)
Coil Nominal Nominal Coil Power Pull-In Drop-Out Max-Allowable
Coil
Voltage Voltage Current Resistance Consumption Voltage Voltage Voltage
Sensitivity
Code (VDC) (mA) (Ω) ﾷ (W) (VDC) (VDC) (VDC)
10%
SRD 03 03 120 25 abt. 0.36W 75%Max. 10% Min. 120%
(High 05 05 71.4 70
Sensitivity) 06 06 60 100
09 09 40 225
12 12 30 400
24 24 15 1600
48 48 7.5 6400
SRD 03 03 150 20 abt. 0.45W 75% Max. 10% Min. 110%
(Standard) 05 05 89.3 55
06 06 75 80
09 09 50 180
12 12 37.5 320
24 24 18.7 1280
48 48 10 4500 abt. 0.51W
7. CONTACT RATING 9.REFERENCE DATA
Type SRD Coil Temperature Rise
50
Item FORM C FORM A 45

7A 40
Contact Capacity 10A 30VDC
30VDC 35

Resistive Load (cosΦ=1) 10A 240VAC 30

10A 125VAC 25

Inductive Load 10A 5A 120VAC 20

(cosΦ=0.4 L/R=7msec) 250VAC 5A 28VDC 15

10
3A 120VAC
3A 28VDC
Max. Allowable Voltage 250VAC/110VDC 250VAC/110VDC 5

Max. Allowable Power Force 800VAC/240W 1200VA/300W 0

0.0
0.7
0.1
0.8
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

Coil Power (W)

Contact Material AgCdO AgCdO Operation Time
8. PERFORMANCE (at initial value) 12

Type 10

SRD Operation tim e

Item 8

Contact Resistance 100mΩ Max. 6

Operation Time 10msec Max. 4

Release Time 5msec Max. Releas e e
2 tim
Dielectric Strength
Between coil & contact 1500VAC 50/60HZ (1 minute) 0
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6
0.7 0.8
Between contacts 1000VAC 50/60HZ (1 minute) Coil Power (W)
Life Expectancy
Insulation Resistance 100 MΩ Min. (500VDC) AC120V/DC24V cosΦ=1
Max. ON/OFF Switching 100

Mechanically 300 operation/min 5

Electrically 30 operation/min 3
2
Ambient Temperature -25 ﾷ
C to +70 C 10

Operating Humidity 45 to 85% RH 5

Vibration 3

Endurance 10 to 55Hz Double Amplitude 1.5mm 2

Error Operation 10 to 55Hz Double Amplitude 1.5mm 1

0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Shock Current of Load (A)
Endurance 100G Min. Life Expectancy
100
Error Operation 10G Min.
Life Expectancy 5

7 3
Mechanically 10 operations. Min. (no load) 2
Electrically 105 operations. Min. (at rated coil voltage) AC : 120V TV-5
10
Weight abt. 10grs.
5

3
2

1
0 1 2 3 6 7
4 5 8
2 Current of Load (A)
 TPA3121D2
www.ti.com SLOS537B – MAY 2008 – REVISED JANUARY 2014

15-W STEREO CLASS-D AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER

Check for Samples: TPA3121D2

1FEATURES APPLICATIONS
23 • 10-W/Ch Stereo Into an 8-Ω Load From a 24-V • Flat Panel Display TVs
Supply • DLP® TVs
• 15-W/Ch Stereo Into a 4-Ω Load from a 22-V • CRT TVs
Supply • Powered Speakers
• 30-W/Ch Mono Into an 8-Ω Load from a 22-V
Supply DESCRIPTION
• Operates From 10 V to 26 V The TPA3121D2 is a 15-W (per channel), efficient,
• Can Run From +24 V LCD Backlight Supply class-D audio power amplifier for driving stereo
speakers in a single-ended configuration or a mono
• Efficient Class-D Operation Eliminates Need
speaker in a bridge-tied-load configuration. The
for Heat Sinks TPA3121D2 can drive stereo speakers as low as 4 Ω.
• Four Selectable, Fixed-Gain Settings The efficiency of the TPA3121D2 eliminates the need
• Internal Oscillator to Set Class D Frequency for an external heat sink when playing music.
(No External Components Required) The gain of the amplifier is controlled by two gain
• Single-Ended Analog Inputs select pins. The gain selections are 20, 26, 32, and
• Thermal and Short-Circuit Protection With 36 dB.
Auto Recovery The patented start-up and shutdown sequences
• Space-Saving Surface Mount 24-Pin TSSOP minimize pop noise in the speakers without additional
Package circuitry.
• Advanced Power-Off Pop Reduction
SIMPLIFIED APPLICATION CIRCUIT

TPA3121D2
1 mF 0.22 mF
Left Channel LIN BSR 33 mH 470 mF
Right Channel RIN ROUT
1 mF 0.22 mF
PGNDR

PGNDL 0.22 mF
1 mF
BYPASS LOUT
33 mH
470 mF
AGND BSL
0.22 mF

PVCCL 10 V to 26 V
10 V to 26 V AVCC
PVCCR

VCLAMP
Shutdown Control SD 1 mF

Mute Control MUTE

GAIN0
4-Step Gain Control
GAIN1

S0267-01

Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
2 DLP is a registered trademark of Texas Instruments.
3 System Two, Audio Precision are trademarks of Audio Precision, Inc.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Copyright © 2008–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated
Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas
Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not
necessarily include testing of all parameters.
TPA3121D2
SLOS537B – MAY 2008 – REVISED JANUARY 2014 www.ti.com

These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.

PWP (TSSOP) PACKAGE

(TOP VIEW)

PVCCL 1 24 PGNDL
SD 2 23 PGNDL
PVCCL 3 22 LOUT
MUTE 4 21 BSL
LIN 5 20 AVCC
RIN 6 19 AVCC
BYPASS 7 18 GAIN0
AGND 8 17 GAIN1
AGND 9 16 BSR
PVCCR 10 15 ROUT
VCLAMP 11 14 PGNDR
PVCCR 12 13 PGNDR

Table 1. TERMINAL FUNCTIONS

TERMINAL
24-PIN I/O/P DESCRIPTION
NAME
(PWP)
Shutdown signal for IC (low = disabled, high = operational). TTL logic levels with compliance to
SD 2 I
AVCC
RIN 6 I Audio input for right channel
LIN 5 I Audio input for left channel
GAIN0 18 I Gain select least-significant bit. TTL logic levels with compliance to AVCC
GAIN1 17 I Gain select most-significant bit. TTL logic levels with compliance to AVCC
Mute signal for quick disable/enable of outputs (high = outputs switch at 50% duty cycle, low =
MUTE 4 I
outputs enabled). TTL logic levels with compliance to AVCC
BSL 21 I/O Bootstrap I/O for left channel
PVCCL 1, 3 P Power supply for left-channel H-bridge, not internally connected to PVCCR or AVCC
LOUT 22 O Class-D ½-H-bridge positive output for left channel
PGNDL 23, 24 P Power ground for left-channel H-bridge
VCLAMP 11 P Internally generated voltage supply for bootstrap capacitors
BSR 16 I/O Bootstrap I/O for right channel
ROUT 15 O Class-D ½-H-bridge negative output for right channel
PGNDR 13, 14 P Power ground for right-channel H-bridge.
PVCCR 10, 12 P Power supply for right-channel H-bridge, not connected to PVCCL or AVCC
AGND 9 P Analog ground for digital/analog cells in core
AGND 8 P Analog ground for analog cells in core
Reference for preamplifier inputs. Nominally equal to AVCC/8. Also controls start-up time via
BYPASS 7 O
external capacitor sizing.
AVCC 19, 20 P High-voltage analog power supply. Not internally connected to PVCCR or PVCCL
Connect to ground. Thermal pad should be soldered down on all applications to secure the
Thermal pad Die pad P
device properly to the printed wiring board.

2 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated

Product Folder Links: TPA3121D2

 TPA3121D2
www.ti.com SLOS537B – MAY 2008 – REVISED JANUARY 2014

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS

(1)
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
VALUE UNIT
VCC Supply voltage AVCC, PVCC –0.3 to 30 V
VI Logic input voltage SD, MUTE, GAIN0, GAIN1 –0.3 to VCC + 0.3 V
VIN Analog input voltage RIN, LIN –0.3 to 7 V
Continuous total power dissipation See the Thermal Inforamtion Table
TA Operating free-air temperature range –40 to 85 °C
TJ Operating junction temperature range –40 to 150 °C
Tstg Storage temperature range –65 to 150 °C
SE Output Configuration 3.2
RL Load resistance (minimum value) Ω
BTL Output Configuration 6.4
Human body model (all pins) ±2 kV
ESD Electrostatic Discharge Charged-device model (all
±500 V
pins)

(1) Stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under recommended operating
conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

THERMAL INFORMATION
TPA3121D2
THERMAL METRIC (1) (2) PWP UNITS
24 PINS
θJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 30.9
θJCtop Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 29.6
θJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance 9.0
°C/W
ψJT Junction-to-top characterization parameter 0.5
ψJB Junction-to-board characterization parameter 3.6
θJCbot Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance 0.7

(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953.
(2) For thermal estimates of this device based on PCB copper area, see the TI PCB Thermal Calculator.

RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS

MIN MAX UNIT
VCC Supply voltage PVCC, AVCC 10 26 V
VIH High-level input voltage SD, MUTE, GAIN0, GAIN1 2 V
VIL Low-level input voltage SD, MUTE, GAIN0, GAIN1 0.8 V
SD, VI = VCC, VCC = 30 V 125
IIH High-level input current MUTE, VI = VCC, VCC = 30 V 125 μA
GAIN0, GAIN1, VI = VCC, VCC = 24 V 125
SD, VI = 0, VCC = 30 V 1
IIL Low-level input current MUTE, VI = 0 V, VCC = 30 V 1 μA
GAIN0, GAIN1, VI = 0 V, VCC = 24 V 1
TA Operating free-air temperature –40 85 °C

Copyright © 2008–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Documentation Feedback 3

Product Folder Links: TPA3121D2
TPA3121D2
SLOS537B – MAY 2008 – REVISED JANUARY 2014 www.ti.com

DC CHARACTERISTICS
TA = 25°C, VCC = 24 V, RL =8Ω (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
Class-D output offset voltage
| VOS | (measured differentially in BTL VI = 0 V, AV = 36 dB 7.5 50 mV
mode as shown in Figure 36)
V(BYPASS) Bypass output voltage No load AVCC/8 V
ICC(q) Quiescent supply current SD = 2 V, MUTE = 0 V, no load 16 30 mA
ICC(q) Quiescent supply current in
MUTE = 0.8 V, no load 16 mA
mute mode
ICC(q) Quiescent supply current in
SD = 0.8 V, no load 0.39 1 mA
shutdown mode
rDS(on) Drain-source on-state 450
210 mΩ
resistance
GAIN0 = 0.8 V 18 20 22
GAIN1 = 0.8 V
GAIN0 = 2 V 24 26 28
G Gain dB
GAIN0 = 0.8 V 30 32 34
GAIN = 2 V
GAIN0 = 2 V 34 36 38
Mute attenuation VI = 1 Vrms -75 dB

AC CHARACTERISTICS
TA = 25°C, VCC = 24 V, RL = 8Ω (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT
VCC = 24, Vripple = 200 mVPP 100 Hz –48
ksvr Supply ripple rejection Gain = 20 dB dB
1 kHz –52
Output power at 1% THD+N VCC = 24 V, f = 1 kHz 8
PO W
Output power at 10% THD+N VCC = 24 V, f = 1 kHz 10
Total harmonic distortion + f = 1 kHz, PO = 5 W 0.04%
THD+N
noise
20 Hz to 22 kHz, A-weighted filter, 125 μV
Vn Output integrated noise floor
Gain = 20 dB –78 dBV
Crosstalk PO = 1 W, f = 1 kHz; gain = 20 dB –70 dB
Max output at THD+N < 1%, f = 1 kHz,
SNR Signal-to-noise ratio 92 dB
gain = 20 dB
Thermal trip point 150 °C
Thermal hysteresis 30 °C
fOSC Oscillator frequency 250 300 350 kHz
Δt mute Mute delay Time from mute input switches high until 120 msec
outputs muted
Δt unmute Unmute delay Time from mute input switches low until 120 msec
outputs unmuted

4 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2008–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated

Product Folder Links: TPA3121D2

 TPA3121D2
www.ti.com SLOS537B – MAY 2008 – REVISED JANUARY 2014

FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

BSL
AVCC AVDD PVCCL

REGULATOR HS
+ LOUT
– VCLAMP

LS
AVDD AVDD
PGNDL
LIN

SC
AVDD/2 DETECT

AGND

SD CONTROL
BIAS
THERMAL
VCLAMP

MUTE
MUTE
CONTROL

OSC/RAMP
BYPASS BYPASS

GAIN1 AV
GAIN0 CONTROL

SC
DETECT

BSR
PVCCR

HS
ROUT
– VCLAMP
+
LS

AVDD PGNDR
AVDD
RIN

AVDD/2

Copyright © 2008–2014, Texas Instruments Incorporated Submit Documentation Feedback 5

Product Folder Links: TPA3121D2
 MH26866

12-7E 12V 7Ah

Valve Regulated Lead Acid Battery / AGM Technology

Specifications
Nominal Voltage(V) 12V P# 12-7E 302
Nominal Capacity *E: Economic series
20 hr rate (0.350A to 1.80V/cell,250C (770F) 7.0AH
10 hr rate (0.68A to 1.80V/cell,250C (770F) 6.8AH
For: Backup Power i.e. UPS, ...
5 hr rate (1.13A to 1.750V/cell,250C (770F) 5.65AH
1C (4.56A to 1.60V/cell,250C (770F)
Design life:
4.56AH
3-5 years (Ambient Temperature 20°c)

Weight Approx. 2.32 kg (5.128lbs) Dimensions

Internal Resistance Approx. 30mΩ
Terminal F1
Maximum Discharge Current 350A (5sec)

Charging Methods at 250C (770F)

Cycle use:
Initial Charging Current less than 2.8A
Charging Voltage 2.40V~2.45VPC
Coefficient -30.0mV/0C
Standby use:
No limit on Initial Charging Current Voltage
Charging Voltage 2.23V~2.30VPC
Coefficient -20.0mV/0C

Operating Temperature Range

Charge -10600C (141400F)
Discharge Characteristics
Discharge -20600C (-41400F)
Storage -20600C (-41400F)
Case Material ABS
Terminal F1

Description of torque value of hard ware for the terminals

Recommended torque value M6: 7 N-m (122kgf-cm)
Maximum allowable torque value M6: 9 N-m (153kgf-cm)

Self-Discharge
This series batteries may be stored for up to 6 months
at 250C (770F) and then a freshening charge is required.
For higher temperatures the time interval will be shorter.
 MH26866 12-7E 302 12V 7Ah
Constant Current Discharge (Amperes) at 25 O C (77 O F )
F.V Time 5min 10min 15min 30min 60min 3h 5h 10h 20h
( V/cell )

1.80 22.8 14.8 12.4 7.03 3.84 1.63 1.08 0.66 0.344
1.75 24.4 15.7 13.0 7.24 4.04 1.68 1.13 0.68 0.350
1.70 26.0 16.7 13.6 7.62 4.22 1.74 1.17 0.69 0.355
1.65 27.5 17.5 14.2 7.90 4.40 1.80 1.22 0.69 0.359
1.60 29.1 18.4 14.8 8.30 4.56 1.84 1.26 0.70 0.363

Constant Power Discharge (Watts/cell) at 25 O C (77 O F )

F.V Time 5min 10min 15min 30min 45min 1h 2h 3h 5h
( V/cell )

1.80 41.6 28.0 23.3 12.9 9.75 7.62 4.50 3.19 2.15
1.75 44.5 29.8 24.3 13.4 10.10 7.99 4.65 3.30 2.21
1.70 46.9 31.6 25.4 14.0 10.50 8.23 4.80 3.40 2.25
1.65 49.4 33.3 26.5 14.6 11.00 8.59 4.94 3.50 2.29
1.60 52.0 35.1 27.5 15.2 11.50 8.97 5.06 3.59 2.33
Specifications subject to change without notice.

Temperature Effects in Relation to Battery Capacity Effect of Temperature on Long Term Float Life
120 10
8
A 6
100
0.05C
Life expectancy(year)

A 5
0.1C
Capacity（%）

Charging voltage :
4
80 2.25V/cell
3
0 .2 C A
60 2
1 .0 C A
40
A 1
2.0C 3. 0C A
20
0.5
0 20 30 40 50 0
C
-20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 68 86 104 122 O
F
0
Temperature ( C) Battery temperature

Cycle Life in Relation to Depth of Discharge Float Charging Characteristics

Charge Charging Charging
Volume Current Voltage 0
(V)
0.10CA-2.25V/cell temperature25 C
% (XCA)

0.25
120 15.0
110 Charged Volume
0.20
100
14.0
90 Charge V oltage
80 0.15 (Constant 2.25v/cell)
70 13.0
60
After 50% Discharge
50 0.10
12.0
40 After 100% Discharge
30
0.05 11.0
20
10 Charging Current
0 0
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40

Charging Time(hours)

Self Discharge Characteristics

100
No supplementary charge required (Carry out supplementary charge before
A A use if 100% capacity is required.)
Remaining Capacity(%)

0
80 10 C
B Supplementary charge required before use. Optional charging way as below:
60
250C B 1. Charged for above 3 days at limited current 0.25CA and constant voltage
0 0
40 C 30 C 2.25V/cell.
40 2. Charged for above 20hours at limited current 0.25CA and constant
C voltage 2.45V/cell.
20
3. Charged for 8~10hours at limited current 0.05CA.

0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Supplementary charge may often fail to recover the capacity.
C The battery should never be left standing till this is reached.
Storage Time(Months)

BE ALWAYS ON smartronics.com.tw/battery
Silicon TechnoLabs IR Proximity Sensor

IR Proximity Sensor

Product Datasheet www.silicontechnolabs.in 1

Silicon TechnoLabs IR Proximity Sensor

1. Descriptions
The Multipurpose Infrared Sensor is an add-on for your line follower robot and obstacle
avoiding robot that gives your robot the ability to detect lines or nearby objects. The sensor
works by detecting reflected light coming from its own infrared LED. By measuring the
amount of reflected infrared light, it can detect light or dark (lines) or even objects directly in
front of it. An onboard RED LED is used to indicate the presence of an object or detect line.
Sensing range is adjustable with inbuilt variable resistor.

The sensor has a 3-pin header which connects to the microcontroller board or Arduino
board via female to female or female to male jumper wires. A mounting hole for easily
connect one or more sensor to the front or back of your robot chassis.

2. Features
 5VDC operating voltage.
 I/O pins are 5V and 3.3V compliant.
 Range: Up to 20cm.
 Adjustable Sensing range.
 Built-in Ambient Light Sensor.
 20mA supply current.
 Mounting hole.

3. Specifications
 Size: 50 x 20 x 10 mm (L x B x H)
 Hole size: φ2.5mm

4. Schematics

Product Datasheet www.silicontechnolabs.in 2

Silicon TechnoLabs IR Proximity Sensor

5. Hardware Details

Variable Resistor
To set range of sensor Surface
(0-20cm)

IR Transmitter
5V DC

GND

Digital Output to Arduino or Reflected Rays

Microcontroller Input IR Receiver

Product Datasheet www.silicontechnolabs.in 3

Silicon TechnoLabs IR Proximity Sensor

6. Interface to Arduino
Now let’s we build simple object counter using IR Proximity Sensor that’s counts the
Number of objects.Connect Silicon TechnoLabs IR Proximity Sensor to your arduino board as
shown in below image.

Product Datasheet www.silicontechnolabs.in 4

Silicon TechnoLabs IR Proximity Sensor

7. Arduino Sample Code

/*
Object counter
Counts the number of objects and prints the results to the serial monitor.
The circuit:
* OUT attached to pin 2
Created 2015
by Harshit Borad <http://www.silicontechnolabs.in>
*/
// constants won't change. They're used here to
// set pin numbers:
const int OUT = 2; // the number of the IR Proximity Sensor pin
const int ledPin = 13;// the number of the LED pin
// variables will change:
int Number_of_Object = 0;// variable for reading the Number of Objects passing from sensor
int SensorState = 0;
void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600); // initialize serial communications at 9600 bps:
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); // initialize the LED pin as an output:
pinMode(OUT, INPUT); // initialize the IR Proximity Sensor pin as an input:
}
void loop()
{
SensorState = digitalRead(OUT);// read the state of the Sensor Signal
// check if the Sensor Signal is HIGH then there is object in front of sensor
// so increment Number_of_Object variable by one.
if (SensorState == HIGH)
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);// turn LED on:
Number_of_Object++;
Serial.println(Number_of_Object);// print the results to the serial monitor:
}
else
{
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);// turn LED off:
}
}

Thank you
“Happy Coding”

Product Datasheet www.silicontechnolabs.in 5

 DC
GEARED
M OTO R
DC MOTOR SPECIFICATIONS

■ SPEED AND LOAD CHARACTERISTICS

The relationship between torque vs speed and current is linear
as shown left ; as the load on a motor increases, speed will
decrease.
The graph pictured here represents the characteristics of a
typical motor.
As long as the motor is used in the area of high efficiency (as
represented by the shaded area) long life and good perfor-
mance can be expected. However, using the motor outside
this range will result in high temperature rises and deteriora-
tion of motor parts.
If voltage in continuous applied to a motor in a locked rotor
condition, the motor will heat up and fail in a relatively short
time.
Therefore it is important that there is some form of protection
against high temperature rises.
A motor's basic rating point is slightly lower than its maximum
efficiency point.
Load torque can be determined by measuring the current
drawn when the motor is attached to a machine whose actual
NOLOAD SPEED WORKABLE AREA LOCKED ROTOR load value is known.
CONDITION We will select the most suitable motor for your application af-
ter receiving your information.

■ AS APPLIED VOLTAGE WILL BE CHANGED

As shown left, if the applied voltage is changed, no load
speed and starting torque also change in proportion to the
voltage.
Speed characteristics at a given voltage are parallel to those
at other voltages.
Thus, a DC motor can be used at a voltage lower than the rat-
ed voltage.
But, below 1000 rpm, the speed becomes unstable, and the
motor will not run smoothly.

■ CHARACTERISTICS AND RATED PERFORMANCE OF A GEARED MOTOR

: ex. TG-85C MOTOR ONLY Speed reduction by means of a gear box results in increased
torque.
The reduction/increase is determined by the gear ratio and ef-
ficiency of the gear box.

Over-all efficiency depends on the number of reduction

; WITH 1/75(4-STAGE)GEAR BOX
stages : one average is 90% per stage. Therefore : a two
stage reduction gives 90×90=81% ; 3 stages will be 72.9%
and a 4-stage reduction 66%.
The above mechanical loss effects the stall torque as shown
left.
Stall torque of a geared motor can be calculated using the fol-
lowing formula : ─Motor stall torque×gear ratio×efficiency.

< ALLOWABLE TORQUE

The output loading on a gear box must never exceed the
manufactures“specified rated torque”as this will cause pre-
mature gear failure.
It is particularly important to observe this at slow output
speeds when the calculated output torque exceeds the speci-
fied rated torque.

1 TSUKASA ELECTRIC CO.,Ltd CHUO 5-40-17, NAKANO-KU 164-0011, TOKYO, JAPAN PHONE : 81-3-5340-0331 FAX : 81-3-5340-0330
 DC MOTOR SPECIFICATIONS

■ GEAR BOX CONSTRUCTION AND FEATURES

INTERMITTENT DUTY

( )
STANDARD GEAR MECHANISM
Suitable for less than 2sec.
Other than the output gear, the gears rotate
on & long enough off time
around a shaft that is fixed to the plate.

STANDARD TYPE

HEAVY LOAD
self lubricating metal type. NON-LUBRICATED METAL BEARING
GEAR MECHANISM
All gears, including the output gear, are
attached to the shaft and supported by non-
lubricated metal bearings. This type of mech-
ballbearing at all stages
anism is suitable for medium load applications
and continuous duty cycle operation.

LOW COST VERSION Plastic or sinterd metal.

COMPACT SIZE TYPE

Planetary PLANETARY GEAR MECHANISM
A heavy duty type gear mechanism using 3
mating gears to transmit torque to the output
shaft. This type of mechanism is suitable for
limited space applications.

Protection against overload and locked rotor

When the rotor is locked and voltage is applied to the motor terminals, the temperature of the motor windings will rise and
eventually short-circuit.
The time until a short-circuit condition appears differs per motor type.
It is recommended that the motor is protected against such an overload by means of a fuse, current limiter or mechanical
protection.

Protection against RFI/EMI caused by PWM control

An internally installed suppressor reduces electrical commutation noise caused by the brushes. Depending on the
requirements, extra precautions sometimes are recommended such as an external capacitor, or filter circuit.
When driven in PWM at certain Frequencies it may occur that a motor does not start due to the combination of driving
frequency and internally fitted capacitive noise suppressor.

Precautions for instantaneous reversing and dynamic braking

When the power supply to the motor is switched off, it is advisable to allow the motor to stop rotating before reversing the
supply polarity.
Failure to do this will result in a very high instantaneous current.
It is possible to stop the motor within a few revolutions by applying a short-circuit across the motor terminals immediately
after the motor is switched off. This method is very effective but may shorten brush life.

Vertical mounting with shaft up

In some cases when a motor-gear is mounted in this position, traces of lubrication oil can contaminate the brushes and
commutator thus shortening brush life or causing a short-circuit. Please contact us when vertical mounting is required.

Speed detection and control

A number of models can be provided with a magnetic or optical encoder.
Please contact us for detailed information and assistance.

TSUKASA ELECTRIC CO.,Ltd CHUO 5-40-17, NAKANO-KU 164-0011, TOKYO, JAPAN PHONE : 81-3-5340-0331 FAX : 81-3-5340-0330 2
 NEW PRODUCT

TG-55LA
BUILT-IN DRIVE CIRCUIT, COMPACT,
BRUSHLESS MOTOR.

■Single motor specification

RATED NO-LOAD NO-LOAD TORQUE RATED RATED
DIRECTION WEIGHT
TYPE VOLTAGE SPEED CURRENT SPEED CURRENT
（mN・m） （gf・cm） OF ROTATION （g）
（V） （r/min） （mA） （r/min） （mA）

BOTH
TG-55LA 24 3700 120 19.6 200 2400 420 165
DIRECTIONS

■Single motor outline

■Reference Connection Diagram ■Input/Output Signal

SIGNAL
PIN No. CONTENT
NAME
H : STOP
1 START INPUT
L : ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT
ROTATIONAL
H : CW ROTATION
2 DIRECTION H : OPEN
L : CCW ROTATION
CHANGE INPUT* L : 0 ~ 0.7 V
INPUT CURRENT: 3 mA MAX.
SELECT STOP METHOD AT
BRAKE ROTATIONAL MOVEMENT.
3
INPUT H : BRAKE STOP
L : BRAKE RELEASE
4 UNUSED
5 UNUSED
OPEN COLLECTOR OUTPUT
OUTPUT TRANSISTOR
MAX. APPLIED VOLTAGE: 30 V
ALARM OFF ON DETECTING
6 MAX. CURRENT: 10 mA
OUTPUT OVERHEAT, MOTOR LOCK
SATURATION VOLTAGE AT ON:
OR OVERCURRENT.
0.8 V MAX.
H FIXED: ROTATION STOP
L FIXED: MAX. DUTY
INPUT VOLTAGE:
OPERATION
PWM WITHIN 0 5 V
7 (ROTATIONAL SPEED
INPUT FREQUENCY RANGE:
CHANGES SINCE CLOSED
20 27 kHz
LOOP CONTROL IS NOT
DONE.)
GROUND FOR CONTROL INPUT SIGNAL (SAME
8 GND
POTENTIAL AS PIN 10)
9 POWER +24 V INPUT
10 INPUT 0 V INPUT (SAME POTENTIAL AS PIN 8)
* Rotational direction is one with single motor. Refer to the specification of each
geared motor for the rotational direction of the geared motor output shaft.

3 TSUKASA ELECTRIC CO.,Ltd CHUO 5-40-17, NAKANO-KU 164-0011, TOKYO, JAPAN PHONE : 81-3-5340-0331 FAX : 81-3-5340-0330
 TG-87
（1.7W）φ16,
COMPACT DESIGN.
APPLICATION ATM ／ MONEY COUNTING MACHINE ／ CARD READER ／ PRINTER ／ SECURITY CAMERA ／ CASSETTE LOADING ／
MEDICAL EQUIPMENT etc.

GU
TG-87A
TG-87B

■Allowable torque-speed characteristics GU

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
MODEL GEAR RATIO
3.5 4 .9 12.5 17.3 24.1 44 61.2 85.1 118 155 216 300 418 581
SPEED r/min 3336 2352 939 697 485 267 189 136 97.3 74.4 53.2 38.8 28.2 20.9
TG-87A-GU
TORQUE mN m 2.9 4.9 9.8 9.8 19.6 29.4 49 68.6 98 107.8 156.8 196 245 245
12V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.03 0.05 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 1 1.1 1.6 2 2.5 2.5
SPEED r/min 3336 2352 939 697 485 267 189 136 97.3 74.4 53.2 38.8 28.2 20.9
TG-87B-GU
TORQUE mN m 2.9 4.9 9.8 9.8 19.6 29.4 49 68.6 98 107.8 156.8 196 245 245
24V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.03 0.05 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 1 1.1 1.6 2 2.5 2.5

GU
L TORQUE WEIGHT
GEAR RATIO STAGE
（mm） （mN・m）（kgf・cm） （g）
1/3.5 1/4.9 15.1 1 49 0.5 18
1/12.5 1/24.1 18.5 2 98 1 21
1/44 1/118 22 3 147 1.5 24
1/155 25.5 4 147 1.5 28
1/216 1/581 25.5 4 245 2.5 28

TG-01
（0.4 ～ 0.8W）φ21.3,
COMPACT DESIGN.
APPLICATION ATM ／ MONEY COUNTING MACHINE ／ CARD READER ／ PRINTER ／ BLINDS ／ SECURITY CAMERA ／
CASSETTE LOADING ／ FINISHER ／ MEDICAL EQUIPMENT etc.

EU
TG-01F
TG-01G
TG-01H

■Allowable torque-speed characteristics EU

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
MODEL GEAR RATIO
12.1 17.6 20.6 25.5 42.1 61.2 71.7 88.7 104 129
SPEED r/min 316 225 194 149 94.1 62.6 53 43 36.7 29.5
TG-01F-EU
TORQUE mN m 8.82 9.8 9.8 19.6 19.6 39.2 49 58.8 68.6 88.2
24V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.09 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9
SPEED r/min 609 425 365 289 177 121 103 83 70.9 57.1
TG-01G-EU
TORQUE mN m 8.82 8.82 9.8 19.6 19.6 39.2 49 58.8 68.6 88.2
24V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.09 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9
SPEED r/min 600 420 361 285 175 119 101 81.8 69.9 56.3
TG-01H-EU
TORQUE mN m 8.82 9.8 9.8 19.6 19.6 39.2 49 58.8 68.6 88.2
12V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.09 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9

EU
L TORQUE WEIGHT
GEAR RATIO STAGE
（mm） （mN・m）（kgf・cm） （g）
1/12.1 1/25.5 21 2 98 1 34
1/42.1 1/129 26 3 147 1.5 36

TSUKASA ELECTRIC CO.,Ltd CHUO 5-40-17, NAKANO-KU 164-0011, TOKYO, JAPAN PHONE : 81-3-5340-0331 FAX : 81-3-5340-0330 4
FU
TG-01F
TG-01G
TG-01H

■Allowable torque-speed characteristics FU FU

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 L TORQUE WEIGHT
MODEL GEAR RATIO GEAR RATIO STAGE
4 4.7 16 19 23 64 76 90 107 256 304 361 429 509 （mm） （mN・m）（kgf・cm） （g）
SPEED r/min 1026 855 258 220 187 63.7 53.4 44.9 37.9 15.8 13.3 11.3 9.5 8 1/4 1/4.7 19.5 1 49 0.5 41
TG-01F-FU
TORQUE mN m 2.94 3.92 9.8 9.8 9.8 39.2 49 58.8 68.6 147 176.4 196 245 294 1/16 1/23 24.5 2 98 1 49
24V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.03 0.04 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.5 1.8 2 2.5 3 1/64 1/107 29.5 3 196 2 57
SPEED r/min 1919 1604 481 409 347 119 100 84.3 71.1 29.7 25 21.2 17.8 14.9 1/256 1/509 34.5 4 294 3 66
TG-01G-FU
TORQUE mN m 2.94 3.92 9.8 9.8 9.8 39.2 49 58.8 68.6 147 176.4 196 245 294
24V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.03 0.04 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.5 1.8 2 2.5 3
SPEED r/min 1924 1608 482 410 348 120 100 84.5 71.3 29.8 25.1 21.2 17.8 15
TG-01H-FU
TORQUE mN m 2.94 3.92 9.8 9.8 9.8 39.2 49 58.8 68.6 147 176 196 245 294
12V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.03 0.04 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.5 1.8 2 2.5 3

RU
TG-01F
TG-01G
TG-01H

■Allowable torque-speed characteristics RU RU

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 L TORQUE WEIGHT
MODEL GEAR RATIO GEAR RATIO STAGE
3.7 5 13.4 18.3 25 49.3 67.2 91.7 125 181 246 336 458 625 （mm） （mN・m）（kgf・cm） （g）
SPEED r/min 1108 815 301 227 170 82.6 60.9 44.1 33.2 23.3 17.4 12.9 9.5 7 1/3.7 1/5 15.5 1 29.4 0 .3 24
TG-01F-RU
TORQUE mN m 2.94 3.92 9.8 9.8 9.8 29.4 39.2 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 1/13.4 1/25 20.5 2 58.8 0 .6 27
24V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.03 0.04 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 1/49.3 1/125 25.5 3 58.8 0 .6 30
SPEED r/min 2079 1528 566 423 314 155 114 82.9 62 43.3 32.1 23.7 17.5 12.9 1/181 1/625 30.5 4 58.8 0 .6 33
TG-01G-RU
TORQUE mN m 2.94 3.92 9.8 9.8 9.8 29.4 39.2 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8
24V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.03 0.04 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
SPEED r/min 2084 1532 567 424 315 155 114 83.1 62.1 43.4 32.2 23.8 17.5 12.9
TG-01H-RU
TORQUE mN m 2.94 3.92 9.8 9.8 9.8 29.4 39.2 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8 58.8
12V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.03 0.04 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

TG-201
（1.1 ～ 2.0W）φ21.3, HIGH POWER,
COMPACT DESIGN, SLIM TYPE.
APPLICATION ATM ／ MONEY COUNTING MACHINE ／ CARD READER ／ PRINTER ／ BLINDS ／ SECURITY CAMERA ／
CASSETTE LOADING etc.

EU
TG-201A
TG-201B

■Allowable torque-speed characteristics EU EU

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 L TORQUE WEIGHT
MODEL GEAR RATIO GEAR RATIO STAGE
12.1 17.6 20.6 25.5 42.1 61.2 71.7 88.7 104 129 （mm） （mN・m）（kgf・cm） （g）
SPEED r/min 358 246 205 165 101 69.7 59.3 47.8 41.9 34.8 1/12.1 1/25.5 21 2 98 1 34
TG-201A-EU
TORQUE mN m 19.6 29.4 39.2 49 68.6 98 117.6 147 147 147 1/42.1 1/129 26 3 147 1 .5 36
24V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 1 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.5
SPEED r/min 541 359 313 246 151 103 87.5 72.7 63.2 52
TG-201B-EU
TORQUE mN m 19.6 39.2 39.2 68.8 78.4 117.6 147 147 147 147
24V
TORQUE kgf cm 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5

5 TSUKASA ELECTRIC CO.,Ltd CHUO 5-40-17, NAKANO-KU 164-0011, TOKYO, JAPAN PHONE : 81-3-5340-0331 FAX : 81-3-5340-0330
 REV1.0 GSM GPRS SIM900A MODEM

GPRS /GSM SIM900A MODEM

USER MANUAL

www.researchdesignlab.com Page 1
 REV1.0 GSM GPRS SIM900A MODEM

Overview

GSM GPRS SIM900A Modem

GSM/GPRS Modem-RS232 is built with Dual Band GSM/GPRS engine- SIM900A,

works on frequencies 900/ 1800 MHz. The Modem is coming with RS232 interface, which
allows you connect PC as well as microcontroller with RS232 Chip(MAX232). The baud rate is
configurable from 9600-115200 through AT command. The GSM/GPRS Modem is having
internal TCP/IP stack to enable you to connect with internet via GPRS. It is suitable for SMS,
Voice as well as DATA transfer application in M2M interface. The onboard Regulated Power
supply allows you to connect wide range unregulated power supply . Using this modem, you can
make audio calls, SMS, Read SMS, attend the incoming calls and internet through simple AT
commands

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 REV1.0 GSM GPRS SIM900A MODEM

Features

 Dual-Band GSM/GPRS 900/ 1800 MHz.

 RS232 interface for direct communication with computer or MCU kit.
 Configurable baud rate.
 Power controlled using 29302WU IC.
 ESD Compliance.
 Enable with MIC and SPeaker socket.
 With slid in SIM card tray.
 With Stub antenna and SMA connector.
 Input Voltage: 12V DC.

Datasheets

 AT Commands datasheet
https://drive.google.com/a/researchdesignlab.com/file/d/0BzrGD4zr88GnTkJwSll3dnhK
bTg/edit?usp=sharing
 FTP Commands datasheet
https://drive.google.com/a/researchdesignlab.com/file/d/0BzrGD4zr88GnVkhacjUtY2tIU
2c/edit?usp=sharing
 TCP/IP Commands datasheet
https://drive.google.com/a/researchdesignlab.com/file/d/0BzrGD4zr88GnUHRCQlJwUjd
WTVU/edit?usp=sharing

www.researchdesignlab.com Page 5
 REV1.0 GSM GPRS SIM900A MODEM

GSM Utility Software

 Bulk Message sending

 AT command testing terminal
 Provides step by step GPRS setup

To download GSM/GPRS Utility software ,click on the link below

 https://docs.google.com/file/d/0BzrGD4zr88GnYll6dlFJT2NFY2s/edit
 http://www.4shared.com/file/rwyHmtGOba/GSM_GPRS_utility.html

www.researchdesignlab.com Page 6
 REV1.0 GSM GPRS SIM900A MODEM

Basic AT Commands for Testing

GSM AT Commands:
 TO CHECK THE MODEM:
AT ↲
OK
 TO CHANGE SMS SENDING MODE:
AT+CMGF=1 ↲
OK
 TO SEND NEW SMS:
AT+CMGS=”MOBILE NO.” ↲
<MESSAGE
{CTRL+Z}
 TO RECEIVE SMS
AT+CMGD=1 ↲ {to delete the message in buffer}
AT+CMGR=1 ↲ {to receive first message AT+CMGR=1}
{to receive second message AT+CMGR=2 and so on}
+CMGL: 1,"REC READ","+85291234567",,"07/05/01,08:00:15+32",145,37
<MESSAGE
 PREFERRED SMS MESSAGE STORAGE:
AT+CPMS=? ↲
+CPMS: (“SM”),(“SM”),(“SM”)
OK
AT+CPMS? ↲
+CPMS: “SM”,19,30,”SM”,19,30,”SM”,19,30
 TO MAKE A VOICE CALL:
ATD9876543210; ↲
 TO REDIAL LAST NO:
ATDL ↲
 TO RECEIVE INCOMING CALL:
ATA ↲
 TO HANGUP OR DISCONNECT A CALL:
ATH ↲
 TO SET A PARTICULAR BAUDRATE:
AT+IPR=? ↲ {To view the baud rate values}
AT+IPR=0 ↲ {To set the modem to autobauding mode}
 OPERATOR SELECTION:
AT+COPS=? ↲
OK
AT+COPS? ↲
+COPS: 0,0,”AirTel”
OK

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 REV1.0 GSM GPRS SIM900A MODEM

 AT+CRC SET CELLULAR RESULT CODES FOR INCOMING CALL INDICATION:

AT+CRC=? ↲
+CRC: (0-1)
OK
AT+CRC? ↲
+CRC: 0
OK
AT+CRC=1 ↲
OK
+CRING: VOICE
 READ OPERATOR NAMES.
AT+COPN=? ↲
OK
AT+COPN ↲
+COPN: “472001″,”DHIMOBILE”
+COPN: “60500
+COPN: “502012″,”maxis mobile”
+COPN:
+COPN: “502013″,”TMTOUCH”
+COPN
+COPN: “502016″,”DiGi”
+COPN: “502017″,”TIMECel”"
+COPN: “502019″,”CELCOM GSM”

GPRS Commands:

Command Description

AT+CGATT ↲ ATTACH/DETACH FROM GPRS SERVICE

AT+CGDCONT ↲ DEFINE PDP CONTEXT
AT+CGQMIN ↲ QUALITY OF SERVICE PROFILE (MINIMUM ACCEPTABLE)
AT+CGQREQ ↲ QUALITY OF SERVICE PROFILE (REQUESTED)
AT+CGACT ↲ PDP CONTEXT ACTIVATE OR DEACTIVATE
AT+CGDATA ↲ ENTER DATA STATE
AT+CGPADDR ↲ SHOW PDP ADDRESS
AT+CGCLASS ↲ GPRS MOBILE STATION CLASS
AT+CGEREP ↲ CONTROL UNSOLICITED GPRS EVENT REPORTING
AT+CGREG ↲ NETWORK REGISTRATION STATUS
AT+CGSMS ↲ SELECT SERVICE FOR MO SMS MESSAGES
AT+CGCOUNT ↲ GPRS PACKET COUNTERS

www.researchdesignlab.com Page 8
 REV1.0 GSM GPRS SIM900A MODEM

MODULE SETUP
step 1 : Insert SIMcard into the SIM slot.

step 2 : Plug in 12V -2A DC power adapter, power led is lit (place jumper between PWRkey
and on pin for only to turn ON automatically).

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 REV1.0 GSM GPRS SIM900A MODEM

step 3 : Press and hold power button (To turn on manually without jumper)

step 4 : Connect to PC through RS232 cable

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 REV1.0 GSM GPRS SIM900A MODEM

step 5 : open GSM/GPRS utility software ,choose appropriate COM port and use AT commands
listed in this manual for basic testing GPRS GSM/messaging and voice calling.

www.researchdesignlab.com Page 11
 Handson Technology
User Guide

L298N Dual H-Bridge Motor Driver

This dua l bidirectional motor driver, is based on the very popular L298 Dual H-Bridge Motor Driver
Integrated Circuit. The circuit will allow you to easily and independently control two motors of up to 2A
each in both directions.It is ideal for robotic applications and well suited for connection to a microcontroller
requiring just a couple of control lines per motor. It can also be interfaced with simple manual switches,
TTL logic gates, relays, etc. This board equipped with power LED indicators, on-board +5V regulator and
protection diodes.

SKU: MDU-1049

Brief Data:

• Input Voltage: 3.2V~40Vdc.

• Driver: L298N Dual H Bridge DC Motor Driver
• Power Supply: DC 5 V - 35 V
• Peak current: 2 Amp
• Operating current range: 0 ~ 36mA
• Control signal input voltage range :
• Low: -0.3V ≤ Vin ≤ 1.5V.
• High: 2.3V ≤ Vin ≤ Vss.
• Enable signal input voltage range :
o Low: -0.3 ≤ Vin ≤ 1.5V (control signal is invalid).
o High: 2.3V ≤ Vin ≤ Vss (control signal active).
• Maximum power consumption: 20W (when the temperature T = 75 ℃).
• Storage temperature: -25 ℃ ~ +130 ℃.
• On-board +5V regulated Output supply (supply to controller board i.e. Arduino).
• Size: 3.4cm x 4.3cm x 2.7cm

1 www.handsontec.com
Schematic Diagram:

2 www.handsontec.com
Board Dimension & Pins Function:

3 www.handsontec.com
Connection Examples:
Controlling 2-DC Motor with +5V Arduino onboard Power Supply:
Below is the circuit connection use the on-board +5V power supply from Arduino board, and should be done
without the 5V Enable Jumper on (Active 5V). This connection can drive two 5V DC motors simultaneously.

Sketch Listing:
Copy and paste the sketch below to Arduino IDE and upload to Arduino Uno/Mega board.
/*==========================================================================
// Author : Handson Technology
// Project : Arduino Uno
// Description : L298N Motor Driver
// Source-Code : L298N_Motor.ino
// Program: Control 2 DC motors using L298N H Bridge Driver
//==========================================================================
*/

// Definitions Arduino pins connected to input H Bridge

int IN1 = 4;
int IN2 = 5;
int IN3 = 6;
int IN4 = 7;

void setup()
{
// Set the output pins

4 www.handsontec.com
DS3231 Extremely Accurate I2C-Integrated
RTC/TCXO/Crystal

General Description Benefits and Features

The DS3231 is a low-cost, extremely accurate I2C ●● Highly Accurate RTC Completely Manages All
real-time clock (RTC) with an integrated temperature- Timekeeping Functions
compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO) and crystal. • Real-Time Clock Counts Seconds, Minutes, Hours,
The device incorporates a battery input, and maintains Date of the Month, Month, Day of the Week, and
accurate timekeeping when main power to the device Year, with Leap-Year Compensation Valid Up to 2100
is interrupted. The integration of the crystal resonator • Accuracy ±2ppm from 0°C to +40°C
enhances the long-term accuracy of the device as well • Accuracy ±3.5ppm from -40°C to +85°C
as reduces the piece-part count in a manufacturing line. • Digital Temp Sensor Output: ±3°C Accuracy
The DS3231 is available in commercial and industrial • Register for Aging Trim
temperature ranges, and is offered in a 16-pin, 300-mil • RST Output/Pushbutton Reset Debounce Input
SO package. • Two Time-of-Day Alarms
The RTC maintains seconds, minutes, hours, day, date, • Programmable Square-Wave Output Signal
month, and year information. The date at the end of the ●● Simple Serial Interface Connects to Most
month is automatically adjusted for months with fewer Microcontrollers
than 31 days, including corrections for leap year. The • Fast (400kHz) I2C Interface
clock operates in either the 24-hour or 12-hour format ●● Battery-Backup Input for Continuous Timekeeping
with an AM/PM indicator. Two programmable time-of-day • Low Power Operation Extends Battery-Backup
alarms and a programmable square-wave output are Run Time
provided. Address and data are transferred serially • 3.3V Operation
through an I2C bidirectional bus. ●● Operating Temperature Ranges: Commercial
A precision temperature-compensated voltage reference (0°C to +70°C) and Industrial (-40°C to +85°C)
and comparator circuit monitors the status of VCC to ●● Underwriters Laboratories® (UL) Recognized
detect power failures, to provide a reset output, and to
automatically switch to the backup supply when necessary. Applications
Additionally, the RST pin is monitored as a pushbutton ●● Servers ●● Utility Power Meters
input for generating a μP reset. ●● Telematics ●● GPS
Ordering Information and Pin Configuration appear at end of data
sheet.
Typical Operating Circuit
VCC VCC
RPU = tR/CB
VCC

RPU RPU
VCC
SCL SCL INT/SQW
SDA SDA 32kHz
P
RST RST VBAT
DS3231
PUSHBUTTON N.C. N.C.
RESET
N.C. N.C.
N.C. N.C.
N.C. GND N.C.

Underwriters Laboratories is a registered certification mark of

Underwriters Laboratories Inc.

19-5170; Rev 10; 3/15

DS3231 Extremely Accurate I2C-Integrated
RTC/TCXO/Crystal

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Voltage Range on Any Pin Relative to Ground.....-0.3V to +6.0V Junction Temperature.......................................................+125°C
Junction-to-Ambient Thermal Resistance (θJA) (Note 1).73°C/W Storage Temperature Range............................... -40°C to +85°C
Junction-to-Case Thermal Resistance (θJC) (Note 1).....23°C/W Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................. +260°C
Operating Temperature Range Soldering Temperature (reflow, 2 times max).................. +260°C
DS3231S.............................................................0°C to +70°C (see the Handling, PCB Layout, and Assembly section)
DS3231SN....................................................... -40°C to +85°C

Note 1: Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer
board. For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial.

Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.

Recommended Operating Conditions

(TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 2, 3)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

VCC 2.3 3.3 5.5 V
Supply Voltage
VBAT 2.3 3.0 5.5 V
0.7 x VCC +
Logic 1 Input SDA, SCL VIH V
VCC 0.3
0.3 x
Logic 0 Input SDA, SCL VIL -0.3 V
VCC

Electrical Characteristics
(VCC = 2.3V to 5.5V, VCC = Active Supply (see Table 1), TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Typical values are at VCC =
3.3V, VBAT = 3.0V, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 2, 3)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

VCC = 3.63V 200
Active Supply Current ICCA (Notes 4, 5) µA
VCC = 5.5V 300

I2C bus inactive, 32kHz VCC = 3.63V 110

Standby Supply Current ICCS output on, SQW output off µA
(Note 5) VCC = 5.5V 170

I2C bus inactive, 32kHz VCC = 3.63V 575

Temperature Conversion Current ICCSCONV µA
output on, SQW output off VCC = 5.5V 650
Power-Fail Voltage VPF 2.45 2.575 2.70 V
Logic 0 Output, 32kHz, INT/SQW,
VOL IOL = 3mA 0.4 V
SDA
Logic 0 Output, RST VOL IOL = 1mA 0.4 V
Output Leakage Current 32kHz,
ILO Output high impedance -1 0 +1 µA
INT/SQW, SDA
Input Leakage SCL ILI -1 +1 µA
RST Pin I/O Leakage IOL RST high impedance (Note 6) -200 +10 µA
VBAT Leakage Current
IBATLKG 25 100 nA
(VCC Active)

www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │ 2

DS3231 Extremely Accurate I2C-Integrated
RTC/TCXO/Crystal

Electrical Characteristics (continued)

(VCC = 2.3V to 5.5V, VCC = Active Supply (see Table 1), TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Typical values are at VCC =
3.3V, VBAT = 3.0V, and TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Notes 2, 3)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Output Frequency fOUT VCC = 3.3V or VBAT = 3.3V 32.768 kHz

VCC = 3.3V or 0°C to +40°C ±2

Frequency Stability vs.
Δf/fOUT VBAT = 3.3V, ppm
Temperature (Commercial)
aging offset = 00h >40°C to +70°C ±3.5

VCC = 3.3V or -40°C to <0°C ±3.5

Frequency Stability vs.
Δf/fOUT VBAT = 3.3V, 0°C to +40°C ±2 ppm
Temperature (Industrial)
aging offset = 00h >40°C to +85°C ±3.5
Frequency Stability vs. Voltage Δf/V 1 ppm/V
-40°C 0.7
Trim Register Frequency +25°C 0.1
Δf/LSB Specified at: ppm
Sensitivity per LSB +70°C 0.4
+85°C 0.8
Temperature Accuracy Temp VCC = 3.3V or VBAT = 3.3V -3 +3 °C
After reflow, First year ±1.0
Crystal Aging Δf/fO ppm
not production tested 0–10 years ±5.0

Electrical Characteristics
(VCC = 0V, VBAT = 2.3V to 5.5V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

EOSC = 0, BBSQW = 0, VBAT = 3.63V 70
Active Battery Current IBATA µA
SCL = 400kHz (Note 5) VBAT = 5.5V 150
EOSC = 0, BBSQW = 0, VBAT = 3.63V 0.84 3.0
EN32kHz = 1,
Timekeeping Battery Current IBATT µA
SCL = SDA = 0V or
SCL = SDA = VBAT (Note 5) VBAT = 5.5V 1.0 3.5

EOSC = 0, BBSQW = 0, VBAT = 3.63V 575

Temperature Conversion Current IBATTC SCL = SDA = 0V or µA
SCL = SDA = VBAT VBAT = 5.5V 650

Data-Retention Current IBATTDR EOSC = 1, SCL = SDA = 0V, +25°C 100 nA

www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │ 3

DS3231 Extremely Accurate I2C-Integrated
RTC/TCXO/Crystal

AC Electrical Characteristics
(VCC = VCC(MIN) to VCC(MAX) or VBAT = VBAT(MIN) to VBAT(MAX), VBAT > VCC, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 2)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

Fast mode 100 400
SCL Clock Frequency fSCL kHz
Standard mode 0 100
Bus Free Time Between STOP Fast mode 1.3
tBUF µs
and START Conditions Standard mode 4.7
Hold Time (Repeated) START Fast mode 0.6
tHD:STA µs
Condition (Note 7) Standard mode 4.0
Fast mode 1.3
Low Period of SCL Clock tLOW µs
Standard mode 4.7
Fast mode 0.6
High Period of SCL Clock tHIGH µs
Standard mode 4.0
Fast mode 0 0.9
Data Hold Time (Notes 8, 9) tHD:DAT µs
Standard mode 0 0.9
Fast mode 100
Data Setup Time (Note 10) tSU:DAT ns
Standard mode 250
Fast mode 0.6
START Setup Time tSU:STA µs
Standard mode 4.7
Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL Fast mode 20 + 300
tR ns
Signals (Note 11) Standard mode 0.1CB 1000
Fall Time of Both SDA and SCL Fast mode 20 + 300
tF ns
Signals (Note 11) Standard mode 0.1CB 300
Fast mode 0.6
Setup Time for STOP Condition tSU:STO µs
Standard mode 4.7
Capacitive Load for Each Bus
CB (Note 11) 400 pF
Line
Capacitance for SDA, SCL CI/O 10 pF
Pulse Width of Spikes That Must
tSP 30 ns
Be Suppressed by the Input Filter
Pushbutton Debounce PBDB 250 ms
Reset Active Time tRST 250 ms
Oscillator Stop Flag (OSF) Delay tOSF (Note 12) 100 ms
Temperature Conversion Time tCONV 125 200 ms

Power-Switch Characteristics
(TA = TMIN to TMAX)

PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS

VCC Fall Time; VPF(MAX) to
tVCCF 300 µs
VPF(MIN)
VCC Rise Time; VPF(MIN) to
tVCCR 0 µs
VPF(MAX)
Recovery at Power-Up tREC (Note 13) 250 300 ms

www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │ 4

DS3231 Extremely Accurate I2C-Integrated
RTC/TCXO/Crystal

Pushbutton Reset Timing

RST

PBDB tRST

Power-Switch Timing

VCC
VPF(MAX)
VPF VPF
VPF(MIN)

tVCCF tVCCR

tREC

RST

www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │ 5

DS3231 Extremely Accurate I2C-Integrated
RTC/TCXO/Crystal

Data Transfer on I2C Serial Bus

SDA

tBUF tSP
tHD:STA
tLOW tF
tR

SCL

tHD:STA tHIGH tSU:STA

tSU:STO
STOP START tSU:DAT REPEATED
START
tHD:DAT

WARNING: Negative undershoots below -0.3V while the part is in battery-backed mode may cause loss of data.
Note 2: Limits at -40°C are guaranteed by design and not production tested.
Note 3: All voltages are referenced to ground.
Note 4: ICCA—SCL clocking at max frequency = 400kHz.
Note 5: Current is the averaged input current, which includes the temperature conversion current.
Note 6: The RST pin has an internal 50kΩ (nominal) pullup resistor to VCC.
Note 7: After this period, the first clock pulse is generated.
Note 8: A device must internally provide a hold time of at least 300ns for the SDA signal (referred to the VIH(MIN) of the SCL sig-
nal) to bridge the undefined region of the falling edge of SCL.
Note 9: The maximum tHD:DAT needs only to be met if the device does not stretch the low period (tLOW) of the SCL signal.
Note 10: A fast-mode device can be used in a standard-mode system, but the requirement tSU:DAT ≥ 250ns must then be met. This
is automatically the case if the device does not stretch the low period of the SCL signal. If such a device does stretch the
low period of the SCL signal, it must output the next data bit to the SDA line tR(MAX) + tSU:DAT = 1000 + 250 = 1250ns
before the SCL line is released.
Note 11: CB—total capacitance of one bus line in pF.
Note 12: The parameter tOSF is the period of time the oscillator must be stopped for the OSF flag to be set over the voltage range
of 0.0V ≤ VCC ≤ VCC(MAX) and 2.3V ≤ VBAT ≤ 3.4V.
Note 13: This delay applies only if the oscillator is enabled and running. If the EOSC bit is a 1, tREC is bypassed and RST immedi-
ately goes high. The state of RST does not affect the I2C interface, RTC, or TCXO.

www.maximintegrated.com Maxim Integrated │ 6

Micro SD Card Module for Arduino

The module ( Micro-SD Card Adapter) is a Micro SD card reader module, and the SPI
interface via the file system driver, microcontroller system to complete the Micro-SD card
read and write files. Arduino users can directly use the Arduino IDE comes with an SD card
to complete the library card initialization and read-write.

Features:
 Supports micro SD card (<=2G), micro SDHC card (<=32G) (high-speed card)
 Level conversion circuit board that can interface level is 5V or 3.3V
 Power supply is 4.5V ~ 5.5V, 3.3V voltage regulator circuit board
 Communication interface is a standard SPI interface
 4 M2 screw positioning holes for easy installation
 Size: 4.1 x 2.4cm

Control Interface:
A total of six pins (GND, VCC, MISO, MOSI, SCK, CS), GND to ground, VCC is
the power supply, MISO, MOSI, SCK is the SPI bus, CS is the chip select signal pin.

3.3V regulator circuit:

LDO regulator output 3.3V as level converter chip, Micro SD card supply.
Level conversion circuit:
Micro SD card into the direction of signals into 3.3V, MicroSD card toward the
direction of the control interface MISO signal is also converted to 3.3V, general AVR
microcontroller system can read the signal

Micro SD card connector:

Since the bomb deck for easy card insertion and removal.

Positioning holes:
4 M2 screws positioning hole diameter of 2.2mm, the module is easy to install
positioning, to achieve inter-module combination
MG995 High Speed
Metal Gear Dual Ball Bearing Servo

The unit comes complete with 30cm wire and 3 pin 'S' type female header connector that fits
most receivers, including Futaba, JR, GWS, Cirrus, Blue Bird, Blue Arrow, Corona, Berg,
Spektrum and Hitec.

This high-speed standard servo can rotate approximately 120 degrees (60 in each direction).
You can use any servo code, hardware or library to control these servos, so it's great for
beginners who want to make stuff move without building a motor controller with feedback &
gear box, especially since it will fit in small places. The MG995 Metal Gear Servo also
comes with a selection of arms and hardware to get you set up nice and fast!

Specifications

• Weight: 55 g
• Dimension: 40.7 x 19.7 x 42.9 mm approx.
• Stall torque: 8.5 kgf·cm (4.8 V ), 10 kgf·cm (6 V)
• Operating speed: 0.2 s/60º (4.8 V), 0.16 s/60º (6 V)
• Operating voltage: 4.8 V a 7.2 V
• Dead band width: 5 µs
• Stable and shock proof double ball bearing design
• Temperature range: 0 ºC – 55 ºC
8 Ohm Speakers

Specifications
Rated impedance at 1kHz/1V : 8Ω ±15%Ω
Rated input power : 2W
Maximum input power : 3W
Resonant Frequency (f0) / 1V : 500Hz ±20%Hz
Frequency Range : 0Hz-5kHz
Sound pressure level at
1kHz/1W/0.5m baffleboard (IEC) : 85 ±3dB
Total harmonic distortion at 1kHz/1W : 5%Max
Voice coil diameter : 13.3mm
Magnet (Nd-Fe-B) : 32mm × 18mm × 6mm
Operating Temperature : -20°C to +60°C
Storage Temperature : -25°C to +70°C
Weight : 50g ±10%

Material
Frame & Yoke - SPCC
PCB terminal - Paper Cu
Diaphragm & Cap - Mylar
Voice coil - Cu
Magnet - Ferrite

IP rating - IP67
Polarity - When a positive DC
Dimensions : Millimetres Current is applied to the voice coil
terminal marked +or red, the diaphragm
shall move forward
Buzz, rattle - Must be free of audible
noise (buzzes and rattles) at 4Vsine
wave between F0-2,000Hz.

Newark.com/multicomp-pro
Farnell.com/multicomp-pro
Element14.com/multicomp-pro

Page <1> 25/05/20 V1.0

 8 Ohm Speakers

Item Specifications
Keep 96 hours at +70°C ±3°C and leave 3 hours in normal temperature
High temp. Test
and then check
Keep 96 hours at -30°C ±3°C and leave 3 hours in normal temperature
Low temp. Test
and then check
Keep 96 hours at +40°C ±3°C relative humidity 90 ±5% and leave 3
Humidity test
hours in normal temperature and then checked.
Low temperature: -20°C ±3°C , temperature: +60°C ±3°C, cycle: 1 hour/
Thermal cycle test.
cycle each, and then keep 5 cycles in a room.
Speaker shall be measured after being applied vibration of amplitude of
Vibration 1.52mm with 10 to 55Hz band of vibration frequency to each of X, Y, Z
3 direction for 2 hours
Drop the speakers contained in normal box onto the board 40mm thick
Drop test
10 times from the height of 75cm
Load test Rated Power white noise is applied for 96 hours
Capable of withstand 1N load for 30 seconds without resulting in any
Terminal strength test
damage or rejection.

Test Condition
STANDARD
Temperature : 15°C to 35°C
Relative humidity : 45% to 85%,
Atmospheric pressure : 860mbar to 1060mbar.
JUDGEMENT
Temperature : 20 ±3°C
Relative humidity : 60% to 70%,
Atmospheric pressure : 860mbar to 1060mbar

Standard Test Fixture

Input Power : 1W
Zero Level : -dB
Mode : TSR
Potentiometer Range : 50dB
Sweep Time : 0.5sec

Part Number Table

Description Part Number
Speaker, Mylar Cone, 8ohm, 2W, 66mm Dia MP004284

Important Notice : This data sheet and its contents (the “Information”) belong to the members of the AVNET group of companies (the “Group”) or are licensed to it. No licence is granted for
the use of it other than for information purposes in connection with the products to which it relates. No licence of any intellectual property rights is granted. The Information is subject to change
without notice and replaces all data sheets previously supplied. The Information supplied is believed to be accurate but the Group assumes no responsibility for its accuracy or completeness,
any error in or omission from it or for any use made of it. Users of this data sheet should check for themselves the Information and the suitability of the products for their purpose and not make
any assumptions based on information included or omitted. Liability for loss or damage resulting from any reliance on the Information or use of it (including liability resulting from negligence or
where the Group was aware of the possibility of such loss or damage arising) is excluded. This will not operate to limit or restrict the Group’s liability for death or personal injury resulting from its
negligence. Multicomp Pro is the registered trademark of Premier Farnell Limited 2019.

Newark.com/multicomp-pro
Farnell.com/multicomp-pro
Element14.com/multicomp-pro

Page <2> 25/05/20 V1.0

 Tech Support: [email protected]

Ultrasonic Ranging Module HC - SR04

 Product features:

Ultrasonic ranging module HC - SR04 provides 2cm - 400cm non-contact

measurement function, the ranging accuracy can reach to 3mm. The modules
includes ultrasonic transmitters, receiver and control circuit. The basic principle
of work:
(1) Using IO trigger for at least 10us high level signal,
(2) The Module automatically sends eight 40 kHz and detect whether there is a
pulse signal back.
(3) IF the signal back, through high level , time of high output IO duration is
the time from sending ultrasonic to returning.
Test distance = (high level time×velocity of sound (340M/S) / 2,

 Wire connecting direct as following:

5V Supply

Trigger Pulse Input

Echo Pulse Output

0V Ground

Electric Parameter

Working Voltage DC 5 V
Working Current 15mA
Working Frequency 40Hz
Max Range 4m
Min Range 2cm
MeasuringAngle 15 degree
Trigger Input Signal 10uS TTL pulse
Echo Output Signal Input TTL lever signal and the range in
proportion
Dimension 45*20*15mm
 Vcc Trig Echo GND

Timing diagram

The Timing diagram is shown below. You only need to supply a short 10uS
pulse to the trigger input to start the ranging, and then the module will send out
an 8 cycle burst of ultrasound at 40 kHz and raise its echo. The Echo is a
distance object that is pulse width and the range in proportion .You can
calculate the range through the time interval between sending trigger signal and
receiving echo signal. Formula: uS / 58 = centimeters or uS / 148 =inch; or: the
range = high level time * velocity (340M/S) / 2; we suggest to use over 60ms
measurement cycle, in order to prevent trigger signal to the echo signal.
 Attention:

 The module is not suggested to connect directly to electric, if connected

electric, the GND terminal should be connected the module first, otherwise,
it will affect the normal work of the module.

 When tested objects, the range of area is not less than 0.5 square meters
and the plane requests as smooth as possible, otherwise ,it will affect the
results of measuring.

www.Elecfreaks.com
Voice Recognition Module V3
Speak to Control (Arduino compatible)

Overview
ELECHOUSE Voice Recognition Module is a compact and easy-control speaking recognition board.

This product is a speaker-dependent voice recognition module. It supports up to 80 voice commands in all.
Max 7 voice commands could work at the same time. Any sound could be trained as command. Users need
to train the module first before let it recognizing any voice command.

This board has 2 controlling ways: Serial Port (full function), General Input Pins (part of function). General
Output Pins on the board could generate several kinds of waves while corresponding voice command was
recognized.
What’s new?
We already have Voice Recognition module V2. It supports 15 commands in all and only 5 commands at the
same time.

On V2, voice commands are separated into 3 groups while you training it. And only one group (5
commands) could to be imported into Recognizer. It means only 5 voice commands are effective at the
same time.
On V3, voice commands are stored in one large group like a library. Any 7 voice commands in the library
could be imported into recognizer. It means 7 commands are effective at the same time.
Parameter
● Voltage: 4.5-5.5V
● Current: <40mA
● Digital Interface: 5V TTL level for UART interface and GPIO
● Analog Interface: 3.5mm mono-channel microphone connector + microphone pin interface
● Size: 31mm x 50mm
● Recognition accuracy: 99% (under ideal environment)

Feature
● Support maximum 80 voice commands, with each voice 1500ms (one or two words speaking)
● Maximum 7 voice commands effective at same time
● Arduino library is supplied
● Easy Control: UART/GPIO
● User-control General Pin Output

Terminology
● VR3 -- Voice Recognition Module V3
● Recognizer -- a container where acting voice commands (max 7) were loaded. It is core part of
voice recognition module. For example, it works like “playing balls”. You have 80 players in your
team. But you could not let them all play on the court together. The rule only allows 7 players
playing on the court. Here the Recognizer is the list which contains names of players working on
the court.
● Recognizer index -- max 7 voice commands could be supported in the recognizer. The
recognizer has 7 regions for each voice command. One index corresponds to one region: 0~6
● Train -- the process of recording your voice commands
● Load -- copy trained voice to recognizer
 ● Voice Command Record -- the trained voice command store in flash, number from 0 to 79
● Signature -- text comment for record
● Group -- help to manage records, each group 7 records. System group and user group are
supported.

Instruction
Here we will introduce the Arduino Library and VR3 Protocol

For Arduino
Prepare
● Voice Recognition V3 module with microphone
● Arduino board (UNO recommended)
● Arduino Sensor Shield V07 (optional)
● Arduino IDE
● Voice Recognition V3 library (Download zip file)

Hardware and Software Preparation

1. Connect your Voice Recognition V3 Module with Arduino, By Default:

2. Download VoiceRecognitionV3 library. (download zip file or use git clone

https://github.com/elechouse/VoiceRecognitionV3.gitcommand)
3. If using zip file, extract VoiceRecognitionV3.zip to Arduino Sketch\librariesfolder, or if you
use git clonecommand copy VoiceRecognitionV3 to Arduino Sketch\libraries.

Train
1. Open vr_sample_train (File -> Examples -> VoiceRecognitionV3 -> vr_sample_train)
2. Choose right Arduino board(Tool -> Board, UNO recommended), Choose right serial port.
3. Click Upload button, wait until Arduino is uploaded.
4. Open Serial Monitor. Set baud rate 115200, set send with Newline or Both NL & CR.