KELİME

1. In the life sciences, biologists need to be more 9. For the information systems to work properly,
aware of the ---- between science and you need to ---- the technology to suit the
technology. situation.

A) approach B) departure A) convince B) adjust

C) complexity D) extremity C) reduce D) sustain
E) gap E) explain

2. The theory is interesting enough, but is it ----?

10. Though it is fashionable to denounce negative
A) solvable B) expressive campaigning, every political expert knows it can
C) intensive D) coherent be ---- effective.
E) resistant
A) defiantly B) suitably
C) extremely D) sensitively
3. However incredible we may now find it, E) lately
engineers did not ---- welcome the idea of a
general purpose microchip. 11. There were plenty of people willing to ---- the
experiment as the subject, “controlling
A) instantly B) urgently emotions”, attracted them.
C) crudely D) scarcely
E) reliably A) fill out B) take part in
C) watch out for D) make do with
4. His efforts to ---- the threat of global warming E) open up
with new forms of energy have been much
appreciated. 12. Finally, the commissioners settled on a short,
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simple, constitutional amendment granting

A) excuse B) counter Congress the authority to ---- guidelines for
C) pursue D) uphold selecting temporary members in an emergency.
E) deliver
A) hold up B) bring down
5. The amount of fish caught did not ---- the C) call out D) serve up
massive increase in vessel tonnage and fishing E) set up
effort.
13. In England, the general public’s ---- of medical
A) pull through B) make do with advice from the government stems from the fact
C) keep pace with D) come across that, in the past, such information has often
E) break out of proved vastly inaccurate.

6. Home heating, which ---- less than 7 per cent of A) approval B) inadequacy
all energy consumed in the US, has had a C) mistrust D) distraction
commendable efficiency record. E) preference

A) accounts for B) comes with 14. Many researchers now focus on poverty and
C) joins in D) picks up poor education as explanations for ---- mortality.
E) brings out
A) probable B) intense
C) preventive D) occasional
7. The Maastricht Treaty, which laid down the rules E) excess
for euro membership, says that governments
may not have budget ---- of more than 3% of their
GDP. 15. Heart disease, stroke and lung cancer ----
constitute 35 per cent of all deaths in the US.
A) deficits B) restrictions
C) rates D) allocations A) together B) readily
E) assets C) exactly D) fairly
E) well

8. The European Commission is opposed to any ----

change in current banking practices. 16. Controlled diet studies ---- that saturated fat
increases cholesterol levels.
A) reluctant B) emotional
C) relentless D) crucial A) prescribed B) confirmed
E) resentful C) disturbed D) regretted
E) deduced

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17. The worst fires firemen have to ---- are those that 26. Wouldn’t it be wonderful if science and scientists
emit stifling smoke and noxious gases. were taken more ---- in the political process?

A) take over B) put over A) sullenly B) seriously

C) fill out D) cope with C) satisfactorily D) ingeniously
E) pull through E) pretentiously

18. The correct time to start a baby on solid food ---- 27. The Sun’s gravitational pull on the moon is more
its needs and readiness. than twice that ---- by the Earth.

A) builds up B) depends on A) attempted B) undertaken

C) cares for D) puts forward C) magnified D) replaced
E) slows down E) exerted

19. The laws concerning the breeding of animals for 28. A mystery virus has ---- more than 90 per cent of
research could turn out to be to the ---- of some bird species in India.
medical research.
A) found out B) broken through
A) admission B) detriment C) turned up D) wiped out
C) exclusion D) preference E) put off
E) cohesion
29. The report emphasizes that, due to serious
acidification in the coastal waters, many marine
20. At present, interest rates are comparatively ----; organisms have ----.
let’s hope they remain that way.
A) died out B) taken off
A) frequent B) uneasy C) used up D) run down
C) consecutive D) comprehensive E) ended up
YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

E) steady
30. In the 1990s the Belgian government was
21. In some parts of Western Europe, ---- in France, involved in numerous scandals that
Denmark and Sweden, cohabitation has become contaminated it with a reputation for
almost as common as marriage. incompetence and ----.

A) completely B) deceptively A) participation B) despair

C) notably D) voluntarily C) corruption D) dislike
E) relatively E) certainty

22. What are some of the things that differentially 31. Queen Mary’s attempts to restore Catholicism to
affect siblings and help ---- their success or England during her reign (1553-1558) resulted in
failure? ---- turmoil and much bloodshed.

A) pursue B) recognize A) internal B) reasonable

C) recreate D) determine C) stable D) arrogant
E) reinstate E) versatile

23. Solar heating never ---- in the US because of the 32. In spite of the widespread effects of Christianity
cost and limited winter sunlight in most areas. on the Anglo-Saxons, they clung ---- to many of
the superstitions and customs from their pagan
A) caught on B) played up past.
C) turned over D) waited on
E) looked back A) hardly B) firmly
C) rapidly D) fairly
24. Copper is replacing aluminium in the metal E) urgently
interconnections on some chips to improve ----.
33. In 1968, Bermuda, which used to be a British
A) creativity B) credibility colony, was ---- a new constitution and autonomy
C) sustainability D) conductivity except for foreign relations, defence and internal
E) respectability security.

25. It is hoped that these ---- projects will lead to a A) leased B) exploited
better understanding of typhoons and improve C) appropriated D) granted
short-term weather forecasting. E) abolished

A) defensive B) excessive 34. The trouble with golf as a hobby is that it ---- too
C) comprehensive D) regrettable much of one’s time.
E) forceful
A) turns over B) looks for
C) gives up D) puts out
E) takes up

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35. The Council of Europe, the continent’s oldest 44. Latin American countries on average export only
political organization, was ---- in 1949 to defend, about 10 per cent of their products to other Latin
among other things, human rights and the rule of American countries but ---- 20 per cent of them to
law. the US.

A) set up B) pulled through A) almost B) fairly

C) set aside D) put up C) respectively D) initially
E) made out E) extensively

36. The ---- of wasting in people with AIDS is similar 45. Until the sixteenth century, when the first
to that seen in people who die from starvation. international postal agreement was ----, there
was no postal system as we know it today.
A) degree B) solution
C) cure D) reversal A) assigned B) maintained
E) relief C) enacted D) seized
E) conducted
37. Only a few foods supply ---- amounts of vitamin
D, notably those derived from animals. 46. There has been increasing pressure in the US to
---- the amount of funding allocated to foreign
A) decisive B) significant aid, and instead, use the funds to improve the
C) compulsive D) previous domestic economy.
E) alien
A) make up for B) point out to
38. By protecting the global community from C) keep up with D) cut down on
infection before it strikes, one can ---- save E) take up with
millions of lives.
47. Marine biodiversity ensures that ecosystems
A) precisely B) crucially recover relatively quickly after an accidental or
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C) potentially D) preferably natural ----.

E) forcefully
A) disturbance B) hesitation
39. Normal dietary iron intake cannot usually ---- for C) encouragement D) dedication
iron loss from chronic bleeding. E) spectacle

A) compensate B) account 48. According to kinetic theory, the absolute

C) request D) ensure temperature of a gas is directly ---- to the average
E) exchange kinetic energy of the molecules.

40. Recent findings answer key questions about how A) experimental B) fundamental
tumour cells ---- residence in other parts of the C) negligible D) proportional
body. E) exceptional

A) cut down B) pull up 49. At times during the last Ice Age the North
C) slow down D) wait for Atlantic thermohaline circulation was ---- weaker
E) take up than it is today.

41. When a tissue is injured, a rapid chain of events A) pleasantly B) rarely

---- the production of fibrin, a stringy, insoluble C) considerably D) directly
mass of protein fibers that forms a clot from E) fully
liquid blood.
50. In the 1940s, computer pioneer Konrad Zuse
A) holds up B) makes up began to ---- that the universe might be nothing
C) breaks down D) leads to but a giant computer continually executing
E) puts out formal rules to compute its own evolution.

42. A strong ---- exists between a country’s wealth A) denounce B) pressurize

and the freedom afforded its citizens. C) empower D) evade
E) speculate
A) coincidence B) correlation
C) consideration D) determination 51. In recent years, carbon dioxide (CO2), a naturally
E) interpretation occurring greenhouse gas, has been ---- as a
result of activities such as the burning of fossil
43. Satellite television transmission now makes it ---- fuels and deforestation.
for us to watch events as they unfold in other
countries. A) setting out B) building up
C) going out D) coming in
A) worldwide B) substantial E) reaching up
C) aware D) commonplace
E) liable

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52. The movement of electrons within 60. Some evidence suggests that weight training can
electromagnetic waves ---- some of the wave’s raise HDL if undertaken regularly, but frequent
energy, affecting the properties of the wave and and sustained aerobic activity may be more ----
how it travels. in lowering LDL and raising HDL.

A) tells off B) puts in A) tentative B) irrelevant

C) finds out D) uses up C) factual D) effective
E) goes around E) protective

53. In their ---- to overcome the anti-social effects of 61. The army psychologists ---- initiated treatment,
modern architecture, architects have directed and so he soon regained his confidence as a
their attention to more informal settlements. soldier.

A) avoidance B) condition A) promptly B) vaguely

C) attempt D) involvement C) obviously D) relunctantly
E) development E) imminently

54. Much of our knowledge of the ---- lives of the 62. Red blood cells contain haemoglobin, which
ancient Romans has been derived from the enables them to carry oxygen from the lungs and
excavations at Pompeii and nearby ---- it to all parts of the body.
Herculaneum.
A) contribute B) organize
A) pretentious B) daily C) deliver D) transform
C) complete D) convenient E) guide
E) extensive
63. When someone chokes on food, it is because the
55. The growing closeness between China and the food has slipped into the air passage and ----
Gulf nations has not gone unnoticed in the rest breathing.
YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

of the world, most ---- in the US.

A) given in B) kept on
A) similarly B) vaguely C) set out D) switched off
C) relatively D) equally E) cut off
E) notably
64. The vitamin portion of a coenzyme allows a
56. Language learning can ---- in interesting ways chemical reaction to ----, while the remaining
across different societies and cultural settings. portion of the coenzyme binds to the enzyme.

A) divide B) distract A) put on B) get off

C) vary D) tend C) catch up D) take place
E) dismay E) settle down

57. As a family we are used to moving from one part 65. Volcanoes are built by the ---- of their own
of the country to another, and we usually ---- eruptive products, which are lava, ash flows,
pretty quickly in each new home. airborne ash and dust.

A) run through B) move round A) accumulation B) destruction

C) turn down D) come through C) explosion D) instability
E) settle down E) growth

58. The EU recognizes that progress on human 66. China and India serve as models for Africa
rights around the world ---- the cooperation and because their experiences hold lessons for
collaboration of many groups and individuals. developing countries on how to manage ----
economic and political transformation.
A) gets into B) makes up
C) takes off D) depends on A) deceitful B) persuasive
E) puts off C) accessible D) irregular
E) gradual
59. The ---- of lactose intolerance varies widely
among ethnic groups, indicating that the trait is
genetically determined. 67. In the largely closed economies of the Gulf,
private as well as public funds have ---- turned to
A) conversion B) prevalence real estate and equity markets, fuelling a
C) recession D) notice dangerous speculative boom.
E) supply
A) unlikely B) nominally
C) rapidly D) stil
E) tightly

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68. Certain nations have ---- the use of prenatal 76. Foreshadowing is an established literary ---- that
diagnostic techniques to select the sex of an adds layers of meaning to events or details in
unborn child; but, bribery and human ingenuity films and literary works.
have made it easy for prospective parents to by-
pass the statute. A) reference B) indication
C) device D) deception
A) removed B) outlawed E) appreciation
C) explored D) sustained
E) retained 77. Due to its geographical position, ---- historical
heritage, and strategic importance, Strasbourg
69. Cells convert energy from one form to another was chosen as a seat for various European
and use that energy to ---- various activities, institutions.
ranging from mechanical work to chemical
synthesis. A) familiar B) rich
C) fluent D) elective
A) turn off B) use up E) subsequent
C) take in D) carry out
E) pick up 78. The endlessly flat landscape and thousands of
miles of well-maintained cycle tracks make
70. The greatest ---- to the spread of nuclear cycling an ---- popular activity in the Netherlan s.
technology and nuclear power reactors to
developing countries is that it will increase the A) additionally B) effectively
risks of nuclear weapons proliferation. C) ultimately D) extremely
E) accurately
A) obligation B) contribution
C) solution D) condition 79. The search for truth ---- rational guidelines, and,
E) objection though some of our subjects may lie on the outer
limits of scientific research, we examine them
YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

71. A combination of factors made the 1984 accident through science’s lens.
in a storage tank at a Union Carbide plant in
India almost ----. A) demands B) relates
C) reaches D) orders
A) crucial B) inevitable E) establishes
C) vulnerable D) bearable
E) permanent 80. The term “geography” ---- the English language
in the 16th century from Latin and ultimately
72. In the opinion of most scientists, engineering Greek, at the time when European navigators
does not ---- offer universally acceptable were beginning to explore Africa and the New
solutions. World.

A) randomly B) previously A) broke into B) turned out

C) necessarily D) excessively C) carried away D) went on
E) extremely E) came into

73. Scientists suggest that huge amounts of 81. If this business goes on in such an awful way, it
greenhouse gases will be ---- into the will ---- hundreds of unemployed.
atmosphere if rising temperatures cause the
Arctic permafrost to melt. A) do without B) hang around with
C) end up with D) go up against
A) produced B) accelerated E) make out for
C) disrupted D) released
E) joined 82. Damage to the liver is the main health ---- for
long-term heavy drinkers.
74. Several research groups have been racing to ----
how to regenerate hair cells. A) consideration B) conclusion
C) attentiveness D) examination
A) figure out B) go for E) regulation
C) connect with D) set up
E) make up 83. Health risks from pesticide exposure are
probably small for healthy adults, but children,
75. An important aspect of the application of the elderly, and people with compromised
mathematics is that different ways of making immune systems may be ---- to some types of
mathematical sense of everyday questions ---- pesticide poisoning.
different answers.
A) hostile B) substantial
A) keep up B) bring over C) severe D) reversible
C) lead to D) show off E) vulnerable
E) find out

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84. The amount of alcoholic drinks a person can 92. Kosrae is the smallest of the four island states
consume safely is ---- individual, depending on that ---- the Federated States of Micronesia
genetics, health condition, sex, body (FSM), the largest and most populous political
composition, age, and family history. entity that emerged after World War II.

A) violently B) worthily A) keep away B) tie up with

C) offensively D) highly C) make up D) set down
E) loudly E) take on

85. For people who have a family history of a genetic 93. Throughout history, many ---- in engineering and
disorder but no symptoms, a predictive test can science have come about as the result of the
help ---- a person’s risk for developing the development of weapons.
disorder in the future.
A) applications B) resolutions
A) sustain B) remove C) representations D) innovations
C) determine D) arouse E) amplifications
E) represent
94. Because of the time needed to develop expertise,
86. If adenosine triphosphate (ATP) supply does not scientists tend to continue working in a single
---- demand, muscle contraction ceases. area for a ---- length of time, perhaps even
throughout their lives.
A) make up for B) keep up with
C) account for D) run out of A) substantial B) thorough
E) give up C) moderate D) qualitative
E) comprehensive
87. A wise vegetarian does not solely ---- the
products made of textured vegetable protein, but 95. Although the red flames of lithium and strontium
learns to use a variety of whole foods instead. appear similar, the light from each can be
YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

separated by means of a prism into ---- different

A) set out B) take along colours.
C) draw up D) rely on
E) make for A) excessively B) distinctly
C) conventionally D) properly
88. Anthony Powell, the contemporary British E) familiarly
novelist, shows in his writing great familiarity
with the work of Proust while avoiding much 96. The continents ---- their existence to Earth’s long
direct ---- to him. history of plate-tectonic activity.

A) interest B) dependence A) endanger B) result

C) quotation D) reference C) proceed D) compile
E) obsession E) owe

89. Despite its small population and ---- remoteness, 97. For decades, scientists have theorized that much
Australia occupies a powerful position in global of the universe is ---- nearly undetectable dark
science in general and life science in particular. matter and dark energy.

A) ultimate B) sizeable A) made up of B) taken over by

C) relative D) extensive C) lost in D) held on
E) recurrent E) broken away from

98. Exploring the human genome for clues to human

90. The Allied bombing campaign against Germany evolution and migration is something of a
in World War II exacted terrible damage on the battlefield, and the ground rules of this new
country’s factories, transportation network, science are still being ----.
population, and ---- very limited fuel-production
capacity. A) worked at B) worked out
C) worked through D) worked back
A) already B) solely E) worked for
C) immediately D) inadequately
E) rightly 99. The process of economic and social reforms that
began in the 1990s in some developing countries
has had a profound ---- on the functioning and
91. Soccer’s many creative possibilities ---- in part adjustment of their labour markets.
from its being played on such a large field.
A) dismissal B) recovery
A) entail B) consist C) impact D) recognition
C) conclude D) claim E) distrust
E) derive

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100.Ever since the ---- remains of ancient states and 108.The goal of the Neuroscience Research
cities were first discovered, the collapse of their Programme is to ---- our understanding of the
civilizations has been a focus of debate and neuronal systems involved in a variety of
inquiry. neurological disorders.

A) consistent B) implicit A) rank B) relate

C) vulnerable D) competent C) implicate D) increase
E) impressive E) interact

101.The Arawak Indians were the first to inhabit 109.The body resists starvation by ---- its own
Grenada, but they were all ---- massacred by the tissues and using them as a source of calories –
belligerent Carib Indians. much like burning the furniture to keep the
house warm.
A) fairly B) previously
C) eventually D) principally A) getting off B) breaking down
E) rarely C) carrying out D) following up
E) making for
102.In the advertising industry, it is a maxim that a
message needs to be ---- often in order to be 110.Billions of useful bacteria colonize our guts, but
both understood and appreciated. because antibiotics are lethal to a whole range of
microbes, drugs taken for a chest infection, for
A) repeated B) engaged example, ---- friendly bacteria too.
C) negotiated D) involved
E) settled A) wipe out B) sort out
C) build up D) take back
103.In narrative poems, characters often ---- certain E) move in
ideas or heroic qualities which the poet wishes
to celebrate. 111.The genetic fingerprinting technique, which was
YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

developed in the UK and is now used as a ---- of

A) head towards B) stand for legal identification, determines the pattern of
C) show up D) carry out certain parts of the genetic material DNA that is
E) try on unique to each individual.

A) benefit B) structure
104.Children can ---- different roles, work through C) sufficiency D) combination
conflicts, and attempt various methods of E) means
communication, all under the pretence of play.

A) go along with B) give up 112.In existentialism, it is argued that people are

C) get in D) try out responsible for, and the ---- judge of, their
E) fall back on actions.

A) expansive B) sole
105.When taken in doses of more than 10 times the C) previous D) irresistible
recommended daily ----, vitamins A and D are E) prevalent
toxic.

A) maintenance B) exposure 113.By the start of the 1990s, popular music had
C) application D) advice become ---- globalized, with seventy per cent of
E) allowance all production resting in the hands of just five
companies.

106.Many people with a regular exercise programme A) possibly B) rarely

accept minor injuries and soreness as an almost C) negligently D) significantly
---- component of their programme. E) respectively

A) irrelevant B) available
C) inevitable D) expansive 114.The League of Nations, established in Geneva in
E) irreversible 1920, included representatives from states
throughout the world, but was severely
weakened by the US decision not to become a
107.Despite a preoccupation with body image and member, and had no power to ---- its decisions.
weight loss, the prevalence of obesity in the US
continues to rise ----. A) impress B) compel
C) accomplish D) implicate
A) collectively B) adequately E) enforce
C) randomly D) respectively
E) dramatically

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115.In the resort areas of Greece, travel agents offer 123.Both Saudi Arabia and China know that it is in
a wide range of excursions on air-conditioned their ---- interest to cooperate economically and
coaches ---- qualified guides. increase trade between them.

A) accompanied by B) put up with A) notable B) precious

C) adapted to D) designed for C) mutual D) responsible
E) turned into E) implicit

116.Europe’s deep-ocean margin, stretching from the 124.Whereas in the past, some Asian countries were
Arctic to the Mediterranean and to the Black Sea, driven ---- by ideology, today, economics has
contains an ---- of biological energy and mineral become their driving force.
resources.
A) respectively B) unequally
A) extension B) influence C) likely D) entirely
C) abundance D) element E) favourably
E) assumption
125.As the automotive sector continues to ---- its
117.Cloud seeding, a technique which attempts to operations, it creates even more jobs and
make precipitation by dispersing silver iodide opportunities in the communities where it does
particles into clouds, remains ---- because it is business.
quite difficult to prove whether it actually works.
A) setle B) extract
A) valuable B) confidential C) expand D) contract
C) essential D) fascinating E) reduce
E) controversial
126.According to the World Bank’s latest figures
118.Some frozen areas of Greenland have always from 2005, of 196 countries around the world,
melted each summer, but recent research has 131 ---- food imports to feed their citizens.
YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

shown that the extent of snowmelt in Greenland

increased ---- between 1992 and 2005. A) keep up B) rely on
C) drop out D) bring about
A) vaguely B) roughly E) run out
C) scarcely D) drastically
E) marginally
127.Few people know that many research projects
119.Twenty-five per cent of excess nitrogen from are ---- solely by the EU.
overfertilization of fields ---- into the oceans via
rivers. A) settled down B) put up with
C) written up D) set out
A) brings B) carries E) carried out
C) swims D) expels
E) flows
128.Because saliva offers some natural protection
120.The SOS (Space Observatories in School) against tooth ----, less saliva can lead to more
programme was ---- to make young people more cavities.
aware of opportunities to study the fundamental
sciences, especially those related to the A) treatment B) surgery
universe. C) care D) growth
E) decay
A) thought over B) built in
C) made up D) set up
E) found out 129.The ---- thin walls of the alveoli allow oxygen to
move from the alveoli into the blood in the
121.Ever since the sixteenth century, when Central capillaries.
America first appeared on European maps,
schemes have been ---- to build canals there. A) consciously B) adversely
C) unexpectedly D) extremely
A) set off B) put forward E) alternatively
C) run down D) taken up
E) sent off
130.When healthy, the lining of the mouth (oral
122.In the Philippines, with its numerous scandals mucosa) is reddish pink, and the gums, which fit
and continuing power struggle, the public is ---- around the teeth, are paler pink.
frustrated, and economic ---- is in jeopardy.
A) protectively B) attractively
A) progress B) decline C) rarely D) abruptly
C) recession D) depression E) randomly
E) failure

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131.Roasting some green vegetables makes them as 138.Dublin is a fairly easy city to ---- because of its
acidic as carbonated drinks, and ---- to dental frequent and efficient bus and underground
erosion. services.

A) maintains B) enables A) get around B) make over

C) prevents D) contributes C) set up D) get on
E) converts E) go with

139.A team of scientists at the California Institute of

132.Eye doctors once ---- high fluid pressure in the Technology has developed a lensless
eye to diagnose glaucoma, but now a six-year microscope which is the size of a coin and can
study has indicated that glaucoma can be quickly and cheaply scan blood ---- for tumour
diagnosed earlier by also measuring damage to cells and parasites.
the optic nerve.
A) features B) variations
A) gave up B) relied on C) maladies D) samples
C) thought up D) put forward E) assessments
E) looked through

140.For the past 40 years, the ---- view about the

133.Laboratories can ---- a variety of tests that help formation of our universe has been that it began
doctors assess disorders of the liver and other about 14 billion years ago in a cosmic fireball
organs. known as the “Big Bang.”

A) find out B) put down A) complete B) common

C) keep on D) look into C) profound D) bearable
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E) carry out E) vulnerable

134.Good leadership is about tackling big 141.For those obsessed with punctuality, new-
challenges, and the first and most important step generation clocks, which tune into the nearest
in this process is recognizing which ---- should official time transmitter to keep time ----, have
take precedence over the others. been developed.

A) obsessions B) debates A) sensibly B) accurately

C) emissions D) candidates C) adequately D) irreversibly
E) issues E) inevitably

135.By the 14th century, the Holy Roman Empire was 142.Studies of the negative effects of plastic on the
little more than a ---- federation of the German human body show that the plastic products we
princes who elected the Holy Roman emperor. use every day ---- with our hormone systems.

A) negotiable B) current A) restrict B) associate

C) prescriptive D) loose C) dismay D) unite
E) recurrent E) interfere

136.Roman numerals are expressed by letters of the 143.A Japanese information technologies company
alphabet and are ---- used today except for has produced an amazing mirror that enables
formality or variety. customers to ---- clothes that shops don’t have in
stock.
A) courteously B) arguably
C) consecutively D) equivalently A) hold onto B) put out
E) rarely C) try on D) count on
E) draw out

137.The Gulf, the Indian Ocean and the South China

Sea are increasingly seen as potential trouble 144.The sun ---- electromagnetic radiation that
zones that could ---- energy supplies from the ranges from infrared to ultraviolet.
Middle East to Asia.
A) throws into B) gives off
A) increase B) disrupt C) breaks down D) brings up
C) consume D) involve E) makes up for
E) expand

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145.Most scientists agree that the human history of 152.Most experts agree that developing a 100% safe
North America began when the early ---- of method of contraception is as ---- as producing a
modern Native Americans made their way across car design that is guaranteed to have no defects.
a land bridge that once connected north-eastern
Asia to North America. A) autonomous B) useful
C) loyal D) respective
A) inhabitants B) ancestors E) unlikely
C) colleagues D) counterparts
E) descendants

146.In 1996, two teams of archaeologists found what 153.If the Achilles tendon, which is the thickest and
appear to be the remains of very ---- musical most powerful tendon in the body, is cut, the use
instruments at Neanderthal sites. of that leg for running or jumping is lost ----; it
can no longer perform these actions.
A) sensitive B) reluctant
C) relentless D) simple A) permanently B) fairly
E) confident C) scarcely D) initially
E) partially

147.Losing a loved one is always painful, but for

most people time ---- heals the wounds.
154.Genetic techniques are used in medicine to ----
A) densely B) excessively and treat inherited human disorders; for
C) eventually D) casually example, knowledge of a family history of cancer
E) cautiously may indicate a hereditary tendency to develop
this affliction and help to find the right cure.

148.A lack of skills or of higher education are issues A) communicate B) remedy

YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

that ---- many South Africans from making a C) diagnose D) contract

decent living. E) induce

A) prevent B) promote
C) complain D) offer
E) help 155.Artificial sweeteners permit people to ---- their
sugar and energy intake, yet still enjoy the
delicious sweet tastes of their favourite foods
149.There are digest magazines that gather articles and beverages.
and even books from a variety of sources and
condense them for us so that we can easily ---- A) get over B) keep down
new developments. C) lose out D) put into
E) use up
A) get along with B) look up to
C) keep up with D) make away with
E) take over from 156.Some studies have suggested that women who
take more than a year to conceive, even those
who ---- having babies naturally have a greater
than normal risk of giving birth prematurely or
150.You’ve got a long journey ahead of you so you needing a caesarean section.
ought to ---- early in the morning.
A) give in B) make out
A) turn up B) go by C) put off D) end up
C) make out D) break through E) keep off
E) set out

157.Few Arab governments have any legal ---- to

monitor arms trade.
151.The study of the genetic causes of mental
disorders involves the statistical analysis of the A) interpretation B) framework
frequency of a particular disorder’s ---- among C) judgement D) adoption
individuals who share related genes, such as E) obsession
siblings and twins.
158.European companies are stepping up their
A) occurrence B) falsehood investment in the Libyan gas sector, as the
C) disturbance D) ignorance Libyan government is increasingly ---- to
E) negligence welcome them.

A) tentative B) essential
C) obvious D) similar
E) keen

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159.Consumers in the Gulf countries have ---- higher 166.The geological history of the Grand Canyon
real purchasing power because of sustained low region ---- to be a lot more complex than
inflation. previously thought when scientists examined the
area in more detail.
A) inclusively B) pensively
C) considerably D) faintly A) put off B) gave up
E) bilaterally C) brought about D) turned out
E) set out
160.For the world’s automotive industry, this year’s
Dubai Motor Show is a rare opportunity to ---- 167.Most space rockets plunge into the oceans or
serious business with wealthy customers in the become space litter when they are ----
Middle East. completely.

A) lift B) purchase A) taken up B) fallen out

C) relate D) conduct C) given out D) made up
E) satisfy E) used up

161.The major component of most gallstones is 168.Organized youth camps provide young people
cholesterol, though some are ---- of calcium with not only different forms of outdoor ---- but
salts. also training in co-operation, initiative, and
resourcefulness.
A) swept away
B) kept away A) sustenance B) irresponsibility
C) broken down C) permanence D) relevance
D) looked after E) recreation
E) made up
YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

162.The cells of all living organisms have the ---- to 169.During the seventeenth and eighteenth
harvest energy from the breakdown of organic centuries, there was a common view that elegant
fuel molecules. speech was a mark of social prestige in that it
was ---- of having come from a good family.
A) amount B) clarity
C) performance D) reliance A) possessive B) perceptive
E) ability C) indicative D) inclusive
E) extensive

163.Bacteria are truly remarkable in terms of their

adaptations to extreme environments and their 170.Since many people are unaware of the miseries
abilities to survive in parts of Earth that are ---- to of poverty and hunger, it is ---- easy for them to
other forms of life. feel contented.

A) distasteful B) cordial A) painfully B) barely

C) inhospitable D) persuasive C) violently D) offensively
E) discreet E) usually

164.In December 1831, at the age of 22, Darwin

began a round-the-world sea voyage that ---- 171.The pattern of world affairs is very complicated,
influenced his thinking. and by no means everything that happens can be
---- to the influence of the super-powers.
A) obscurely B) legitimately
C) hopefully D) respectfully A) attributed B) entitled
E) profoundly C) declared D) sustained
E) resolved

165.All organisms have some capacity to adapt to

environmental changes, but the extent of this
adaptive capacity ---- greatly. 172.Historically, the development of capitalism has
---- several phases, following the period of feudal
A) executes B) varies organization of society.
C) discards D) abolishes
E) merges A) taken after B) called in
C) brought forward D) gone through
E) turned down

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173.Rice is by far China’s most important agricultural 180.Many cell phones now have the same ---- as
product and ---- over half the total cereal personal computers.
production.
A) functionality B) ambition
A) lets in B) accounts for C) care D) worry
C) sets forth D) falls through E) attentiveness
E) looks after

174.The ---- of potassium in the human body is

dramatically demonstrated when too much or too 181.During the 1970s, the West African state of
little of it is secreted. Niger’s economy flourished from uranium
production, but when uranium prices fell in the
A) comparison B) attribution 1980s, its ---- period of prosperity ended.
C) significance D) marginality
E) demand A) unpredictable B) various
C) brief D) excessive
175.In the past decade, technology has become ---- E) successive
to freeze human embryos and then successfully
transplant them into host mothers, thereby
giving some young women the option of
postponing childbirth. 182.---- poor after World War II, Crete is now thriving
from tourism.
A) appropriate B) negligible
C) potential D) degraded A) Necessarily B) Adequately
E) available C) Accurately D) Tentatively
E) Desperately
176.Most multiple-sclerosis patients suffer weakness
and visual problems, and they become ---- more
YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

disabled.
183.Cities in China are growing fast as millions of
A) hardly B) progressively people ---- to urban areas.
C) absolutely D) solely
E) plausibly A) gather B) migrate
C) occupy D) issue
E) increase
177.Traditionally, medicine has taken a paternalistic
stance towards patients, with the all-knowing
physician ---- wisdom from on high, but that is
becoming increasingly unacceptable. 184.Located in Central Europe, Germany is ---- of the
North German Plain, the Central German
A) informing B) withdrawing Uplands, and the Southern German Highlands.
C) requesting D) providing
E) commenting A) spread out B) brought together
C) held out D) made up
E) taken down

178.Short-term memory records the information in

front of us right now, though a portion of this
seems to evaporate soon afterward; the 185.The ---- of sunlight into electricity is possible
remainder ---- a process in the brain called through the use of solar panels.
consolidation, which makes it permanent.
A) inversion B) conversion
A) goes through B) gives off C) refinement D) rotation
C) gets away with D) puts off E) compression
E) comes up with

186.Microorganisms are of ---- value to the Earth’s

179.More than 350,000 people in the UK (25,000 of ecology, disintegrating animal and plant remains
them children) suffer from Type I diabetes, an and turning them into simpler substances.
auto-immune condition that is ---- by a variety of
largely unknown genetic and environmental A) consecutive B) disputable
factors. C) controversial D) resistant
E) incalculable
A) taken part in B) brought about
C) cut down on D) done away with
E) got over

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187.Cars, coal-generated electric power, and even 194.Although China has, in recent years, made
cement factories ---- affect the environment, notable advances, particularly in manufacturing,
causing many serious problems that threaten agriculture will long ---- fundamental to the
animal and plant life. economy.

A) adversely B) commercially A) produce B) differ

C) conscientiously D) privately C) extend D) remain
E) adequately E) resist

188.When two or more atoms ----, they form a 195.After the first book on chess was printed in
molecule. England in 1475, the game ---- a more modern
form in Europe, especially after the rules of the
A) depart B) eradicate game were changed.
C) combine D) correlate
E) withdraw A) set off B) paid back
C) took on D) came across
E) ruled out

189.A sardine monitoring system was ---- in order to

prevent over-fishing.
196.The Spanish Civil War ---- when the Spanish
A) found out B) set up army in Morocco, led by General Francisco
C) put in D) taken place Franco, rose up against the democratically
E) made over elected Republican government.

A) broke out B) fell off

YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

C) came along D) turned on

190.His comments ---- a very lively debate on the E) blew up
origin of ocean crust.

A) put up with B) fell into

C) handed over D) gave rise to 197.For many years, Britain’s National Health Service
E) figured out has provided a basic standard of ---- at low cost.

A) reversal B) symptom
C) expenditure D) expectancy
191.Schools are one of the most important ---- of E) care
socialization on which peer groups and teachers
have a major impact.

A) degrees B) rules 198.The brain coordinates our speech ability so that

C) customs D) agents it makes all the ---- sounds.
E) advances
A) competitive B) confident
C) degenerate D) appropriate
E) impetuous
192.Human childhood is a ---- period of complex
development during which a helpless infant
becomes an adolescent.
199.In cancer care, Britain still compares ---- with
A) remarkable B) redundant other similar countries in five-year survival rates
C) progressive D) contemporary after diagnosis.
E) relevant
A) vainly B) unfavourably
C) unreservedly D) consciously
E) infrequently
193.In Central Africa, the rains are ---- abundant in
the southern regions, but they are reduced to a
single very short period in the central zone and
disappear almost completely in the extreme 200.Pathologists have found that different tissues,
north. bodily substances, and foreign objects (such as
bullets) ---- X-rays in varying amounts.
A) reluctantly B) appropriately
C) scarcely D) solely A) diagnose B) respond
E) relatively C) determine D) exhale
E) absorb

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201.This recent scientific breakthrough exposes 208.Skin has a rich blood supply that delivers
every genetic mutation acquired by cancer oxygen to all its ----.
patients over their lifetimes that eventually
caused healthy cells in their bodies to ---- A) symptoms B) shifts
tumours. C) nutrients D) layers
E) supplements
A) turn into B) break up
C) go over D) wear out
E) pass up 209.Through the ages, drugs have been enormously
---- in relieving suffering and in preventing and
treating diseases.

202.The existing shortage of primary-care doctors in A) current B) persistent

the US leads to a shortage of health care that C) beneficial D) excessive
cannot be ---- with insurance of any kind. E) profound

A) wiped out B) taken over

C) made up for D) put off 210.The average life expectancy has increased ---- in
E) kept out most developed countries, especially in the
United States.

A) severely B) appropriately
203.The body loses large amounts of iron when red C) defectively D) accurately
blood cells are lost through bleeding, and this E) dramatically
causes a ---- of iron.

A) deficiency B) display 211.To achieve and ---- fitness, a person needs to

C) failure D) supplement exercise only 30 minutes three times a week.
YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

E) recurrence
A) maintain B) determine
C) include D) demonstrate
E) train
204.With the Soviet Union in decline in 1990, the
United States emerged as the ---- superpower.
212.Often thought of as the smallest unit of living
A) excessive B) accurate organisms, a cell is ---- of many even smaller
C) sole D) initial parts, each with its own function.
E) adequate
A) broken down B) made up
C) run out D) taken after
E) turned up
205.The economies of most oil-producing nations in
the Middle East rely ---- on exporting oil, just as
the economy of the West, particularly that of the 213.Some temperate environments have mild winters
United States, depends on petroleum imports.0 with abundant ----, combined with extremely dry
summers.
A) reluctantly B) prosperously
C) brutally D) previously A) heat B) harvest
E) heavily C) rainfall D) supply
E) growth

206.No achievement can please Islamic extremists 214.The world’s forests provide many ---- benefits,
more than a break with what they ---- as the such as prevention of soil erosion, as well as
Christian West. commercially important timber.

A) exclude B) confirm A) evere B) dependent

C) abolish D) view C) extinct D) desperate
E) establish E) valuable

215.Although most scientists agree that our planet

207.After World War II, the United States began to ---- will continue to warm, they disagree over how ----
Britain’s role as the leading foreign player in the warming will proceed.
Iranian politics.
A) hideously B) suitably
A) take over B) hold up C) profoundly D) rapidly
C) put off D) keep out E) decadently
E) look after

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216.Each species has the capacity to produce more 223.The world ---- more than 2 billion tons of garbage
offspring than will ---- to maturity. every year, and trash heaps are rapidly growing
in crowded countries like China and India.
A) conform B) present
C) recognize D) suggest A) breaks down B) throws away
E) survive C) winds up D) puts off
E) drives into

224.Writing “objectively” means that personal

217.Since total sleeping time is likely to decrease feelings are not ---- the writing.
with age, older people may find going to bed
later or ---- earlier helpful. A) worked up B) called off
C) put out D) brought into
A) getting up B) making out E) taken over
C) breaking down D) keeping off
E) taking away
225.A small percentage of people have new or
recurring ---- of pain that feel like gallbladder
attacks even though they have no gallbladder.
218.Because chemistry ---- all materials, it is a
subject of enormous importance. A) episodes B) removals
C) deficits D) responses
A) makes up B) looks up E) trials
C) runs over D) deals with
E) turns out
226.Since most immunosuppressive drugs work by
dampening the entire immune system, they leave
the patient ---- to short-term problems like
YDS ACADEMY OF LANGUAGE STUDIES

219.To the peoples of the ancient world, the infections.

characteristic ---- of civilization such as
government, literature, science, and art were A) reliable B) detrimental
necessarily products of city life. C) indifferent D) susceptible
E) deficient
A) remains B) influences
C) declarations D) commodities
E) manifestations 227.---- any organ, including the kidneys, lungs, heart
and brain, can be attacked by the immune
system.
220.The transmission of black-and-white television
images became technically ---- in the UK at the A) Closely B) Virtually
end of the 1920s. C) Fortunately D) Profoundly
E) Extremely
A) representative B) corrupt
C) reluctant D) feasible
E) instrumental 228.Patients diagnosed with identical cancers and
given similar therapies of radiation and
chemotherapy often ---- very differently.

221.The rise of lay education during the medieval A) correspond B) approach

intellectual revival was an ---- important C) identify D) respond
development in the history of Western Europe. E) emerge

A) anxiously B) enormously
C) independently D) evenly 229.Sterilization in hospitals is done in an autoclave
E) abnormally that subjects the items to moist heat under
pressure, with a drying time of 15 to 30 minutes
to prevent condensation from ---- on the surgical
instruments.
222.When the euro was ---- on 1 January 1999, it was
the first time since the Roman Empire that A) building up B) keeping off
Europe had a single currency. C) making out D) moving off
E) setting out
A) ensured B) discovered
C) stamped D) accelerated 230.Roughly one in a thousand of the three billion
E) launched DNA letters that ---- the human genome differs
between any two given individuals.

A) break into B) give in

C) keep up D) make up
E) put on

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238.Even during its early phases, the French

231.Psychologists say that there is a genetic ---- to Revolution aroused ---- conflict throughout
willpower, but that upbringing may also have an Europe.
effect.
A) ignorant B) accessible
A) description B) attachment C) significant D) durable
C) component D) reaction E) fertile
E) selection
239.As a migraine develops, pain ---- worsens and
232.The lead from exhaust fumes enters the chemicals from the brain stems cause spasms in
atmosphere, mostly as simple lead compounds, the brain’s blood vessels.
which are poisonous to children’s ---- nervous
systems. A) recklessly B) progressively
C) productively D) confidentially
E) synthetically
A) exclusive B) increasing
C) repeating D) developing
E) domestic 240.A study conducted by the University of
Cambridge ---- that 40 per cent of spam or junk e-
mail goes to addresses starting with an A, M, S,
233.Einstein’s theory of relativity gives predictions R or P.
that differ very little from the older theories of
Galileo and Newton in ---- all everyday situations. A) borrowed B) revealed
C) remained D) created
A) flexibly B) nearly E) experimented
C) externally D) usefully
E) identically
241.As people mature and gain experience in a
variety of situations, they learn strategies for ----
234.Expressionist artists in painting, sculpture, and their emotions.
literature ---- to distort or exaggerate natural
appearance in order to create a reflection of the A) sending out B) clearing out
inner world. C) going off D) dealing with
E) stepping down
A) pretended B) expected
C) tended D) offered 242.Although mild symptoms such as social
E) persuaded withdrawal may persist, parents with minor
psychological problems may want to ----
children.
235.It takes great courage for adopting children to
---- their biological parents, as they do not know A) pass out B) sign off
the real reason why they were given up. C) take off D) come into
E) bring up
A) search for B) put back
C) run up D) look out
E) confess to 243.The central government has called for tighter
regulations on coastal development and is
launching an ---- to remove illegal beach homes
236.Some historians believe that human destiny is and hotels.
mostly shaped by the effort of people to ----
climate change, migration, disease, etc. A) observation B) initiative
C) investment D) entitlement
A) go over B) make up E) attachment
C) lay down D) cope with
E) hand in
244.Classifying is a fundamental cognitive process
that refers to the sorting of objects, events, living
237.Pain is a highly subjective ---- that no two people things, and phenomena into clusters according
experience in exactly the same way. to their ---- charateristics.

A) regulation B) sensation A) additional B) relative

C) reinforcement D) coincidence C) common D) ultimate
E) inquiry E) necessary

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245.In Spanish literature, a la divino is the recasting 252.Geology, the science of the Earth, is ---- several
of a secular work as a religious work, or more branches including mineralogy, petrology,
----, a treatment of a secular theme in religious stratigraphy, palaeontology and tectonics.
terms through the use of allegory, symbolism,
and metaphor. A) divided into B) designed for
C) troubled by D) brought upon
A) externally B) respectively E) settled into
C) primarily D) decisively
E) generally
253.Insight into the ---- by which the human brain
came to exist and acquire its remarkable abilities
246.Marie Elizabeth Zakrzewska is a German-born can be gained by studying animals that are far
American physician who founded the New simpler than us.
England Hospital for Women and Children and
---- greatly to the acceptance of women as A) outcome B) process
medical professionals. C) response D) result
E) task
A) pertained B) attributed
C) owed D) contributed
E) applied 254.About 60 million people had to leave Europe
before World War II, which caused an ----
migration to the US.
247.European Union foreign ministers have urged
the Serb authorities to ---- the two fugitives by A) indifferent B) explanatory
the end of March. C) intuitive D) ambiguous
E) immense
A) set out B) tidy up
C) step down D) take off
E) turn over 255.One of the many individuals ---- fascinated by
reports of the early balloon flights was George
Cayley, who later made the first serious attempt
at heavier-than-air flight.
248.In cases involving children’s injuries, the most
effective ---- are directed at parents. A) suspiciously B) tremendously
C) confidentially D) daringly
A) benefits B) exceptions E) reluctantly
C) purposes D) disturbances
E) interventions
256.Anaesthetics are drugs given to patients before
undergoing surgery to ---- the sense of feeling
either in a localized area or across the whole
249.With a bit of adaptation, ---- technology could body.
help us to eventually establish a colony on Mars.
A) attract B) reflect
A) explicit B) impartial C) reduce D) approve
C) reserved D) current E) evaluate
E) supplementary

257.Our skin is one of the most wonderful germ-

proof surface layers in the world, thus very few
250.Despite dramatic increases in trade worldwide, disease-germs can ---- its natural protection as
countries still differ ---- in the extent to which long as it remains unbroken.
they engage in trade.
A) get through B) take after
A) reluctantly B) substantially C) call for D) back up
C) attentively D) pleasingly E) carry on
E) incidentally

258.A gene that has gone through a significant

251.Generally considered to be the greatest change in humans may ---- the rapid evolution of
composer of the 20th century, Igor Stravinsky’s our brain.
long life ---- continents, cultures and eras.
A) settle down B) account for
A) fetched B) reversed C) make up for D) end up at
C) spanned D) magnified E) get back
E) acquired

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260.Forgery is the act of making, reproducing,

altering or signing a false document or other
instrument with the ---- of defrauding others.

A) development B) exception
C) intention D) determination
E) prediction

261.The sense of smell, which has not been fully

understood yet, is much more ---- than the sense
of taste.

A) attainable B) dedicated
C) suitable D) sophisticated
E) endurable

262.The full stop is probably the most used form of

punctuation, partly because almost everyone
knows how to use it ----.

A) considerably B) redundantly
C) dominantly D) appropriately
E) profoundly

263.The European System of Central Banks, which

---- a single monetary policy for the euro zone,
consists of the European Central Bank in
Frankfurt together with 15 national central banks.

A) regulates B) signifies
C) expresses D) provokes
E) acquires

264.Leaders with different political styles have

launched daring projects to take Japan out of the
economic recession, but in the long run, they
may ---- colliding with each other.

A) make out B) give in

C) act out D) fight off
E) end up

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