UNIVERSITY OF LIMPOPO

MEMORANDUM
STANDARD EXAMINATION

MODULE: SCHA022 OCT/NOV: 2022

(ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2)
1. The glucose concentrations in a patient with mildly elevated glucose levels were determined
by a spectrophotometric analytical method and were recorded in mg/L as follows: 799, 745,
750, 774, 777, 800, 758. Calculate the standard deviation. (2)
A. 12.4
B. 22.2
C. 11.4
D. 12.9
E. 13.5

2. The numerical discrepancy between the real value and the measured value is referred to as?
(2)

A. Precision
B. Accuracy
C. Error
D. Rounding off
E. Real error

3. The degree to which measured value and real value are in agreement
(2)

A. Accuracy
B. Precision
C. Accuracy
D. Error
E. Absolute error

4. The analysis of a city drinking water for arsenic yielded values of 5.60. 5.64, 5.70, 5.69, and
5.81 ppm. The last value appears anomalous; should it be rejected at the 95% confidence
level?
(2)
A. Qcalc = 0.524
B. Qcrit = 0.829
C. Qcalc = 0.075
D. Qcalc = Qcrit
 E. Qcalc = 0

5. An ore is analyzed for its manganese content by converting the manganese to Mn 3O4 and
weighing it. If a 1.52 g sample yields Mn3O4 weighing 0.126 g, what would be the percent
Mn2O3 in the sample?
(4)
3 Mn2O3  2Mn3O4 + ½ O2

3 mol Mn2O3  2 mol Mn3O4

A. 8.58 %
B. 33.32 %
C. 4.95 %
D. 5.97 %
E. 4.29 %

6. Which sentence is false about EDTA? (2)

A. Alkali medium is required for complex ion because EDTA will ionizes more in alkali
medium.
B. EDTA forms complexes with all metal ions.
C. Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and its disodium salts are versatile
complexometric agents.
D. Alkali medium is required for complex ion because EDTA will ionizes more in acidic
medium.
E. EDTA is a hexadendate ligand.

7. What conditions should be respected in order to carry out the complexometric titration? (2)

A. Presence of a buffer solution.

B. Presence of a catalyst.
C. Low temperature.
D. [metal-EDTA] complex should be more stable than [metal-indicator] complex.
E. Always a solution of EDTA should be added to an analyzed solution and not vice versa.
8. The correct term used for unwanted material that is adsorbed onto the surface of the
precipitate due to increased surface area.
(2)
A. Coprecipitation.
B. Surface adsorption.
C. Mixed crystal formation.
D. Occlusion.
E. Reprecipitation.

9. A chemist obtained the following data for the alcohol content of blood sample: % C 2H5OH:
0.084, 0.089, and 0.079. Calculate the 80 % confidence interval for the mean assuming that
on the basis of long experience from previous experience on hundreds of samples, the
standard deviation of the method s = 0.005% C2H5OH and is a good estimate of σ.
(4)
A. 0.084 ± 0.0037 %.
B. 0.084 ± 0.0021 %.
C. 0.084 ± 0.0047 %.
D. 0.084 ± 0.0057 %.
E. 0.084 ± 0.00057 %.

10. The homogeneity of a standard chloride sample was tested by analyzing portions of the
material from the top and bottom of the container, with the following results: Calculate S pooled of
the given measurements
(4)
ppm Chloride

Top Bottom

26.32 26.28

26.33 26.25

26.38 26.38

26.39
 A. 0.068.
B. 0.036.
C. 0.045.
D. 0.085.
E. 0.051.
11. Calculate the equilibrium concentration of Ni2+ in a solution with an analytical NiY2 of 0.0200
M at pH 5.0. Given α4 = 3.5 x10-7 and KNiY2- = 4.2 x 1018 (3)
A. 1.16 x 10-7
B. 1.36 x 10-14
C. 8.12 x 10-10
D. 2.44 x 10-8
E. 3.6 x 10-10
12. What condition should be respected in order to carry out the argentometric titration (Fajans
method)? (2)
A. The pH should be well controlled.
B. An analyzed halide ion should bind to a precipitate more strongly than indicator ion does.
C. At least one reaction product must be used to produce a colloidal.
D. Always strong acidic solution.
E. Always strong basic solution

13. Which of the following combinations includes the properties of a primary standard used in acid
base titrations (2)
A. stability and high purity
B. low molar mass and low solubility
C. reactive with oxygen and low molar mass
D. high purity and low solubility
E. none

14. Which sentence is not correct about ligand? (2)

A. It act like lewis acid

B. NH3 is example of unidentate.
C. It is electron donor group.
D. EDTA is example of hexadentate.
E. It forms complex with metals
15. What is the pH at the equivalence point in the titration of 100.0 mL of 0.20 M ammonia with
0.10 M hydrochloric acid? (2)
A. 4.6
B. 5.2
C. 7.0
D. 5.5
E. 4.9

16. When titrating strong acid with a strong base, the pH changes sharply after the equivalence
point. True/False (1)
17. During a precipitation, one of the following can reduce super saturation and result in crystalline
precipitates. (2)

A. precipitating from a cool solution.

B. precipitating from a dilute solution.
C. precipitating from a basic solution.
D. Uniform stirring
E. none

18. Which of the following sets of characteristics contains a main standard that is used in acid-
base titrations? (2)

A. stability and high purity

B. low molar mass and low solubility
C. reactive with oxygen and low molar mass
D. high purity and low solubility
E. low molar mass and stability

19. Which of the following tests would one use for the detection of gross errors? (2)
A. T- Test
B. Z –Test
C. Q Test
D. F- Test
E. Two tail test
20. AgCl dissolves with concentration of 2.0 X 10-2, its Ksp value will be _______? (2)
A. 3.6 X 10-6
B. 7.2 X 10-6
C. 4.0 X 10-4
D. 3.6 X 10-5
E. 2.0 X 10-2

21. What is end point? (2)

A. The point at which the concentrations of base and acid are equal.
B. The point at which the volumes of base and acid are equal.
C. The point at which the concentration and volumes of base and acid are equal.
D. The point at which the number of moles of hydrogen and hydroxide ions are chemically
equivalent.
E. The point at which an observable physical change occurs.

22. Which of the following pH values is an acceptable equivalence point for a weak base being
titrated by a strong acid? (2)
A. 1.33
B. 7.00
C. 11.48
D. 5.34
E. 7.70

23. In the following image, which component will give an indication if very low light levels are
measured. (2)
 A. Source
B. Shutter
C. Detector
D. Signal processor
E. Mirror
24. Acetone is a molecule that consists of sigma bonds, pi ponds and lone pairs, thus rendering it
a possibility for this molecule to possess all the electronic transitions. What type of bonding
would most favour molecules consisting of mostly double bonds? (2)
A. π-π*
B. π- σ*
C. σ → σ*
D. n → σ*
E. n → π*

25. The table below shows the relationship between the absorbance of a solution and its
concentration given the pathlenght of 1 cm. Use the linear equation that fits the data and
calculate the concentration if the absorbance is 0.521 ? (2)

X Y

0.15 0.072

0.351 0.168

0.617 0.296

0.955 0.458
 1.421 0.682

A. 1.025
B. 1.045
C. 1.065
D. 1.085
E. 2.015

26. Below is a single beam UV-vis spectrometer depicted with the different components, which
component is best suited for the separation of the wavelengths of light and focuses each of
them onto the photodetector sequentially.
(2)

A. Filter
B. Shutter
C. Refference Cell
D. Photodetector
E. Amplifier

27. The intensity of the incident light on a sample is 0.50 W/m2 and the intensity of the light
entering the detector is 0.36 W/m2, calculate the absorbance of the molecule? (2)
A. 0.1427
B. 0.7306
C. 0.3680
 D. 0.4870
E. 0.2356

28. The lead level in a sample of contaminated soil was determined using atomic absorption
spectrometry. A 0.02 g sample was dissolved in acid and then diluted to a total volume of 50.0
mL. The absorbance of this solution, determined in a spectrometer set at a wavelength of 218
nm, was found to be 0.20. Several standard solutions of lead were tested under the same
conditions and the calibration curve shown below was generated. The concentration of lead in
the soil as a % m/m was ... (2)

A. 1.5
B. 0.003
C. 0.15
D. 3
E. 15

29. 5.00-mL sample of blood was treated with trichloroacetic acid to precipitate proteins. After
centrifugation, the resulting solution was brought to a pH of 3 and was extracted with two 5-mL
portions of methyl isobutyl ketone containing the organic lead complexing agent APCD. The
extract was aspirated directly into an air-acetylene flame yielding an absorbance of 0.502 at
283.3 nm. Five-milliliter aliquots of standard solutions containing 0.400 and 0.600 ppm of lead
were treated in the same way and yielded absorbances of 0.396 and 0.599. Determine the
slope assuming that Beer's law is followed.
(2)
 A. 0.5044
B. 5.044 x 10-4
C. 2.424 x 10-6
D. 1.015
E. -0.01

30. A 0.25 M solution in a test tube with a pathlength of 1cm has an absorbance of 0.075 at 560
nm. What is the molar absorptivity of the solution? (2)

A. 0.1 m-1cm-1
B. 0.2 m-1cm-1
C. 0.3 m-1cm-1
D. 0.4 m-1cm-1
E. 0.5 m-1cm-1

31. If the concentration in Beer’s law is expressed in grams per litre and the path length in cm
then the unit of absorbance is
(2)
A.L g cm
B.L g-1 cm
C.L g cm-1
D. No unit
E.L g-1 cm-1

32. A UV/VIS molecular absorption spectrometric determination of analyte X in aqueous solution

gave the following calibration data (absorbances corrected for the blank). Estimate the
concentration of X in an aqueous sample that yielded an instrument response of 0.238 (A
1.00- mL cuvette was used for all absorbance measurements)

Concentration Absorbance
 (ppm X)

1.0 0.031

2.0 0.068

5.0 0.150

7.0 0.221

8.5 0.262

10.0 0.308

A. 7.7 ppm
B. 0.8 ppm
C. 8.0 ppm
D. 23.8 ppm
E. 0.0308 ppb

[70]

SECTION B

1. An atomic absorption method for the determination of the amount of iron present in used jet engine
oil was found from pooling 30 triplicate analyses to have a standard deviation s=3.6 mg Fe/mL. If s is
a good estimate of s, calculate the 95 and 99% confidence intervals for the result 18.5 mg Fe/mL if it
was based on

(a) a single analysis, (4)

(b) the mean of two analyses, (4)

(c) the mean of four analyses.

(4)
2. A 0.1212-g sample of an organic compound was burned in a stream of oxygen, and the CO 2
produced was collected in a solution of barium hydroxide. Calculate the percentage of carbon in the
sample if 0.06006 g of BaCO3 was formed.
(7)

Reaction of Ba(OH)2 with CO2 could be written as


Ba(OH)2 + CO2 BaCO3 + H2O

As shown in the equation , one mole of CO2 gives one mole of BaCO3

Thus, the percentage of carbon in organic compound can be calculated from the known mass of of
BaCO3

Calculate moles of BaCO3

Given,

Mass of BaCO3 0.06006 g

Mass organic compound 0.1212 g

We know malar mass of BaCO3 197.34 g/mol

given mass
Moles BaCO 3 ¿
molar mass

0.06006 g
So moles CO2 ¿
197.34 g/mol

Also we know that 1 mole of CO2 contains 1 mole of C

0.6006 g
This gives moles C ¿
197.34 g/mol

= 3.043 × 10 -4 mol

Now, convert moles of mass

We know the molar mass of C 12.0111 g/mol

mass C = moles × molar mass 

= 3.043 × 10-4 mol × 12.0111 g/mol


 =0.003655 g

mass C
%C = × 100%
mass sample

0.003655 g C
¿ × 100%
0.1212 g sample
 
=3.02 %

3. Determine the pH of titration 50.00 mL of 0.0500 M NaOH after adding 24.50 mL of 0.1000 M HCl
at 25 oC. (5)

[OH-] = cNaOH = mmol remaining (original mmol NaOH– mmol HCl added)

total volume (mL)

= (50.0 mL x 0.0500 M) – (24.50 mL x 0.1000 M) 

50.0 mL + 24.50 mL

= 6.71 x 104 M 

[H3O+][OH-] = Kw

[H3O+] = Kw/(6.71 x 10-4)

= 1.00 x 10-14/6.71 x 10-4


= 1.49 x 10-11

pH = -log[H30+]

= -log (1.49 x 10-11 )

=10.83 

4. Calculate the PCa vs. EDTA titration curve for 50.0 mL of 0.0060 M Ca2+ being titrated with 0.0150
M EDTA in a solution buffered to a constant pH of 10.00.

(a) After the addition of 0.00 mL (1)

(b) After the addition of 0.00 mL
(3)
(c) After the addition of 26.00 mL.
(6)

(a) A t 0.00 mL pCa =−log ¿ ¿

(b) (b) At 5.00 mL¿ pCa =−log ( 3.6 ×1 0−3 )=2.39

 
(c) At 26.00 mL C CaY 2−¿
=
50.0 ×0.0050
=3.95× 1 0−3 M ¿
76

C EDTA =  =1.18 × 10−3 M¿ pCa=9.72

26.0 ×0.010−50.0 ×0.0050
76



 [30]

 [100]