CLAUSES AFTER AS IF, AS THOUGH, IT’S
HIGH TIME,
IT’S TIME, WOULD RATHER.
1. Clause after AS IF, AS THOUGH:
* AS IF, AS THOUGH có nghĩa là “nhe thể, dường
như”
* Hai từ nối trên đứng trước một mệnh đề chỉ một
điều không thật hoặc trái với thực tế.
* Form:
a/ S + V(present simple) + as if /as though + V past
subjunctive (V-ed/ were).
Eg: The old lady dresses as if it were winter even in
the summer (It is not winter).
+ She walks as though she studied modeling. (She
didn’t study modeling).
+ He acts as though he were rich. (He is not rich).
b/ S + V(past) + as if /as though + V past perfect
subjunctive /(had + V-ed/ (pp)).
(Nếu chỉ một hành động xãy ra
trước hành động ở mệnh đề chính)
Eg: + Tom looked very tired as if he worked very
hard.
+ The child ate as though he had been hungry
for a long time.
+ He looked as if he hadn’t taken a bath for
month.
Note: Past Subjunctive (quá khứ giả định) có hình
thức giống thì Simple Pát nhưng với động từ TO
BE thì phải đổi thành WERE cho tất cả các ngôi.
- Past Perfect Subjunctive (quá khứ hoàn thành giả
định) có hình thức giống thì Past perfect.
2. Clauses after IT”S TIME, IT”S HIGH TIME:
* It’s time/ It’s high time có nghĩa là “đã tới lúc” để
diễn tả thời gian mà một việc nên được làm ngay.
a/ Followed by past tense with present meaning:
Form: It’s time/ It’s high time + S + Vpast
subjunctive (V-ed/ were).
Eg: + It’s time you started to work.
+ It’s high time we set out.
+ It’s time we received our lesson.
b/ Followed by infinitive.
Form: It’s time/ It’s high time + (for + O)
+ V(infinitive).
Eg: + It’s time for her to go to bed.
+ It’s time for me to buy a car.
3. Clauses after WOULD RATHER:
* “Would rather” có nghĩa là “mong muốn rằng”
(Dạng viết tắt: ...’d rather).
* Mệnh đề theo sau WOULD RATHER có ba cấu
trúc như sau:
a/ Mong muốn ở tương lai:
S + would rather (that) + S(not) + Vpresent
subjunctive/ V (bare infinitive).
Note: Present subjunctive là hiện tại giả định có
hình thức như động từ nguyên mẫu không TO (V
bare infinitive)
Eg: I would rather (that) you call me tomorrow.
+ We would rather he take this train.
+ I would rather (that) she be here tomorrow.
+ I would rather you not call me next Sunday.
b/ Mong muốn ở hiện tại: (trái với thực tế, không
có thật)
S + would rather (that) + S(not) + Vpast subjunctive/
V-ed/ were).
Eg: + Henry would rather (that) his girlfriend
worked in the same department as he does. (His
girlfriend does not work in the same department).
+ Jane would rather (that) it weren’t winter now.
+ I would rather the weather were fine today.
c/ Mong muốn ở quá khứ: (trái với thực tế, không
thật)
S + would rather (that) + S(not) + Vpast perfect
subjunctive/ (had + V-ed/pp).
Eg: + Roberto would rather we hadn’t left
yesterday.
+ John would rather that Mary had gone to
school yesterday.
+ I would rather I had passed my last exam.
* Would rather còn được dùng trong các cấu trúc
sau:
+ Ý tương lai/ hiện tại:
S + would rather (not) + V (bare
infinitive) ... (+ than) ....
Eg: + I would rather stay at home tonight.
+ John would rather go to class tomorrow than
today.
+ Ý quá khứ”
S + would rather (not) + have + V-ed/(pp) ...
(than) ...
Eg: + John would rather have gone to class
yesterday than today.
+ Mary would rather not have gone to class
yesterday.
4. EXERCISES:
Exercise 1: Supply the correct forms of the
verbs in brackets:
1. we would rather (stay) .............. home tonight.
2. Mr Jones would rather (stay)............. home last
night.
3. We would rather(drink) .............. coffee than tea.
4. The photographer would rather that we
(stand) .............. closer together than we are
standing.
5. Carmen would rather (cook) .............. for the
entire family.
6. She would rather you (not arrive) ........... last
night.
7. John would rather he (sleep) ............... than
worked last night.
8. George would rather he (be) ............... free
tomorrow.
9. Mary would rather that she (not,
fail) ...................... the test yesterday.
10. I would rather that I (invite) ........her to my
birthday party last Sunday.
11. Henry talks to his dog as if it
(understand) ......... him.
12. It’s time we all (go) ............ now.
13. I’d rather you (go) .............. now.
14. He acts as if he (know) ................. English
perfectly.
15. It’s high time you (get) ................ the tea ready.
16. I’d rather you (pay) .............. me now.
17. It’s high time you (have) ................... a haircut.
18. He was wet as if he (swim) ............. for hours.
19. She acted as if she (meet) ................... him
before.
20. Jack spent his money as if he (win) ..................
a lottery.
Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences, beginning
with the words given:
1. My head seems to be on fire now.
- I feel as if ............................................................
2. I had a feeling that I was walking in the air.
- I felt as though ......................................................
3. Bill doesn’t work hard.
- I’d rather ............................................................
4. He drives too fast.
- I’d rather .............................................................
5. He didn’t want to pay his debts.
- I’d rather .............................................................
6. He spent his money like a prince.
- He spent his money as
if ...........................................
7. You speak like a prophet.
- You speak as
though .................................................
8. We must set out, it is a little late.
- It’s high
time ............................................................
9. You should review your lessons for the exams.
- It’s
time ....................................................................
10. He smokes a great deal. I’d like he gives up
smoking.
- I’d
rather .................................................................
11. She pretended not to know me.
- She looked as if
she .............................................................
12. He should call me on the phone.
- It’s
time ..........................................................................
......
13. We must start working now.
- It’s high
time .........................................................................
14. She made up like an actress.
- She made up as
if ................................................................
15. She cried like a baby.
- She cried as
though .............................................................
16. They talk like kings.
- They talk as
if ............................................................................
17. We should solve this problem.
- It’s
time ..........................................................................
........
18. Mary dresses up like a queen.
- Mary dresses up as
if ...............................................................
19. She talks too much.
- I’d
rather ........................................................................
.....
20. He’ll come to my house tonight.
- I’d
rather ........................................................................
.....
