NATIONALISM IN INDIA
TIMELINE
CHAPTER OVERVIEW
Nationalism in Europe ke baare mei to padh liya! Ab India ke baare mei
padhte hain! India mei konse events hue! Aur unn saka kya impact tha? aur
desh bhakti logo mei kaise aayi?
The whole chapter is about what happened in the 19th century-
Mahatma Gandhi wrote a book Hind Swaraj in 1909
Agar koi movement India mei hoga to gandhiji ka hona zuri hai! Toh
Gandhiji ki entry hui from south Africa to India in January 1915*
During the first world war the prices doubled between 1913 and 1918,
leading to hardships among people!
Gandhi JI organised satyagraha movements in various regions
In 1917* he went to Champaran in Bihar to inspire peasants against the
oppressive plantation system!
Phirse 1917* mei hi he went to kheda district of Gujarat to support peseants
who were affected by the plague epidemic
1918* mei Gandhi Ji Ahmedabad gaye jahaan unhone satyagraha moment
organise kiya for the cotton mill workers
1918-1919 and 1920-1921 crops failed in India resulting in shortage of food
1919 ko gandhiji ne nationwide satyagraha launch kiya against the Rowlatt
act of 1919*. And for this he wanted to take the path of non- violence so he
started hartal on 6th april
April 1919*- Hartal Nationwide
10 th April police of Amritsar fired on a peaceful procession.
13th April 1919* ko Jallianwalla Bagh incident hua!
“10th Matlab?? - Shobhit Bhaiyya !! ”
The first world war ended with the defeat of ottoman turkey! And in order
to defend the Khalifa's temporal powers a Khilafat committee was formed
in Bombay in march 1919
In June 1920 Jawaharlal Nehru began going to villages in Awadh! Talking to
villagers and knowing their problems, by October Oudh kisan Sabha was
headed by him!
1920 September* in Calcutta's session of congress mahatma ne leaders ko
noncooperation movement start karne ke liye convince karliya! (in support
of khilafat and for swaraj)
1920 ke summers mei Gandhi aur Shaukat Ali tours wagera mei jaate the !
So that they could mobilize support for the movement!
Nagpur ke 1920 December* congress session mei non -cooperation
movement was adopted.
Non-cooperation khilafat movement began in January 1921*
Import of foreign clothes halved between 1921 and 1922 dropping from Rs
102 crore to Rs 57 crore
Gudem hills of andra pradesh -->> militant guerilla movement spread in
early 1920s
Alluri sitaram raju - was man who took part in this movement and - he was
captured and executed in 1924
Inland emigration act - 1859
February 1922 mahatma Gandhi decided to withdraw the noncooperation
movement as it was turning violent
Agricultural prices began to fall in the 1926 and collapsed after 1930
Simon commission in India came in 1928* it was greeted with slogan as ' go
back Simon'
Lord Irwin announced the vague offer of dominion status in October 1929
December 1929* under Jawaharlal Nehru the Lahore congress formalised
the Purna Swaraj
It was decided that 26 January 1930 would be celebrated as the
independence day when the people were to take a pledge to struggle for
the full independence
“10th Matlab?? - Shobhit Bhaiyya !! ”
Salt was a powerful symbol that could unite the nation so Mahatma
Gandhi sent a letter to the viceroy stating 11 demands.
11 demands were not fulfilled by 11th march 1930* so mahatma started his
salt march with 78 trusted volunteers, march was over 240 miles from
Sabarmati ashram to Guajarati coastal town of Dandi
6th april they reached Dandi
April 1930 Abdul Ghaffar Khan was arrested ! Angry crowds demonstrated
in streets of Peshawar
Yeh movement bhi violent ho raha tha to Gandhi ne iss moment ko bhi call
off karne ka faisla kiva! and he signed a pact with Irwin on march 5, 1931*
Use baad there were some other problems(refer notes) so Gandhi decided
to relaunch the movement par 1934 ke baad it lost its momentum
Indian Industrial and commercial congress was formed in the 1920 and the
federation of the Indian chamber of commerce and industries (FICCI) was
formed in the 1927
Strikes by railway workers in 1930 and dockworkers in 1932
1930 thousands of workers in chotanagpur tin mines wore Gandhi caps
and participated in protest rallies and boycott campaigns
Dr BR Ambedkar organized the dailts into the depressed classes
association in the 1930
The Poona pact was signed in 1932* in the month of September!
1928 mei jitne bhi issues Hindus aur Muslims ke beech mei the use resolve
karne ke lie All parties conference rakha gaya! Par jab MR jayakar ne
oppose kiya tab resolve karne ke saare hopes khatam hogaye.
Nationalism spread hota gaya! But how did people living in different
regions and different communities with various languages develop a sense
of collective belonging?
Bankim chandra chattopadhya in 1870s wrote the "vandhe mataram"
By 1921 Gandhi had designed the Swaraj flag
End of the 19th century many Indians started to develop desh bhakti! And
started to feel proud of their nation !
“10th Matlab?? - Shobhit Bhaiyya !! ”
From being oppressed under the British to coming out as a strong nation!
And now being one of the most powerful countries in the world , India and
its people have seen a lot!
“10th Matlab?? - Shobhit Bhaiyya !! ”
