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22 views

English Lectures

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haydaycommonid02
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Department of Physics

University of Colombo

BSc in Electronics and Automation Technologies


Orientation Program - 2025

Instructor: N.P Oshan Vidusankha Pathirana


Email: [email protected]
Contact : 0775193191

Department of Physics 1
University of Colombo
Number Systems
1. Natural Numbers 2. Whole Numbers

❖ Contain all counting numbers which start from 1. ❖ Collection of natural numbers with 0.

ex: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ……. ex: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 …….

3. Integers 4. Fractions/Rational Numbers

❖ Collection of whole numbers and natural numbers with ❖ Numbers in the form of p/q where q is not equal to 0.
negative signs from negative infinity to positive infinity
1 20 10 10
ex: , , ,
ex: -10, 9, 0, …… 2 3 2 3

5. Irrational Numbers
❖ The numbers which are not rational and cannot be written in the form of p/q.

ex: 2 , 𝜋
Department of Physics 2
University of Colombo
English in Basic Mathematics
➢ Scientific Counting in Mathematics
Examples:

▪ 12 - Twelve
▪ 101- One hundred one or one hundred and one but not one zero one
▪ 119 - One hundred nineteen or hundred and nineteen but not one one nine or one nineteen
▪ 781
▪ 986

▪ 1068 - One thousand and sixty-eight or thousand sixty-eight


▪ 1286 - One thousand two hundred eighty-six
▪ 1765 -
▪ 9021 –

▪ 10005 = 10 005 – Ten thousand and five or ten thousand five


▪ 11258 = 11 258 – Eleven thousand two hundred fifty eight
▪ 14589
▪ 19721

Department of Physics 3
University of Colombo
➢ Scientific Counting in Mathematics

Examples:

▪ 97857 = 97 857 – Ninety seven thousand eight hundred fifty seven

▪ 100 003 = 100 003 - One hundred thousand and three


▪ 128596 = 128 596 - One hundred twenty-eight thousand five hundred ninety-six
▪ 168209 = 168 209 - One hundred sixty eight thousand two hundred and nine
▪ 205697 =
▪ 358987 =
▪ 921369 =
▪ 859751 =
▪ 784921 =

Department of Physics 4
University of Colombo
➢ Scientific Counting in Mathematics

Examples:

▪ 97857 = 97 857 - Ninety seven thousand eight hundred fifty seven

▪ 2258967 = 2 258 967 - Two million two hundred fifty eight thousand nine hundred sixty seven
▪ 8302501 = 8 302 501 – Eight million three hundred and two thousand five hundred and one
▪ 9632471
▪ 5781296
▪ 8375284

▪ 12589874
▪ 25746362
▪ 89754128

▪ 125879146
▪ 328741693

Department of Physics 5
University of Colombo
Dealing With Powers
In scientific writing 328741693 = 3.28741693 × 108

Base
10 8 Exponent

➢ Basic Tenth Powers/Prefixes Possible to other numbers as well

1) 103 - kilo - k 1) 8
2) 106 - Mega - M 2) 25
3) 109 - Giga - G 3) 100
4) 1012 - Tera - T 4) 144
5) 625
6) 10000
5) 10−3 - milli - m
6) 10−6 - micro - 𝜇
7) 10−9 - nano - n
8) 10−12 - pico - p

Department of Physics 6
University of Colombo
Logarithms
Let A = 𝒃𝒄
In logarithmic scale you can say 𝒍𝒐𝒈𝒃 𝑨 = 𝒄

1. 8 = 23

In logarithms 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 8 = 3. You can say it as logarithm of 8 to the base 2 is 3.

2. 100 = 102

3. 1000 =103

4. 625 = 54

log e is the natural logarithm.

Department of Physics 7
University of Colombo
Fractions and Divisions

Numerator 10 1 Remainder
=3+
Denominator 3 3
Quotient

10 over 3
10 divided by 3
10 upon 3

Department of Physics 8
University of Colombo
Department of Physics 9
University of Colombo
Department of Physics 10
University of Colombo
Department of Physics 11
University of Colombo

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