INFORMATICS PRACTICES
PRACTICAL FILE
NAME: SIDDHAM JAIN
CLASS: Xll COM B
ROLL N: 36
SUBMITTED TO: MRS.MONIKA MEHRA
PYTHON
PROGRAMMES
PROGRAM 1: CREATING A PANDAS SEREIES
# import pandas as pd
import pandas as pd
# simple array
data = [1, 2, 3, 4]
ser = pd.Series(data)
print(ser)
PROGRAM 2: PERFORMING MATHEMATICAL
OPERATIONS ON SERIES
# importing the module
import pandas as pd
# creating 2 Pandas Series
series1 = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
series2 = pd.Series([6, 7, 8, 9, 10])
# adding the 2 Series
series3 = series1 + series2
# displaying the result
print(series3)
Output :
PROGRAM3: COMPARISON OPERATIONS
import pandas as pd
s1 = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4])
s2 = pd.Series([2, 3, 4, 5])
result = s1 > s2
print(result)
This code will output:
0 False
1 False
2 False
3 False
dtype: bool
PROGRAM 4:CREATING DATAFRAME FROM LIST
# import pandas as pd
import pandas as pd
# list of strings
lst = ['Geeks', 'For', 'Geeks', 'is',
'portal', 'for', 'Geeks']
# Calling DataFrame constructor on list
df = pd.DataFrame(lst)
df
Output:
PROGRAM 5:ACCESSING AND SLICING
DATAFRAME
# Slicing rows in data frame
df1 = df.iloc[0:4]
# data frame after slicing
df1
Output:
PROGRAM 6: INSERTING COLUMNS INTO
DATAFRAME
# Import pandas package
import pandas as pd
# Define a dictionary containing Students data
data = {'Name': ['Jai', 'Princi', 'Gaurav', 'Anuj'],
'Height': [5.1, 6.2, 5.1, 5.2],
'Qualification': ['Msc', 'MA', 'Msc', 'Msc']}
# Convert the dictionary into DataFrame
df = pd.DataFrame(data)
# Declare a list that is to be converted into a column
address = ['Delhi', 'Bangalore', 'Chennai', 'Patna']
# Using 'Address' as the column name
# and equating it to the list
df['Address'] = address
# Observe the result
print(df)
Output:
PROGRAM 7: BINARY OPERATIONS
Adding two dataframes:
import pandas as pd
df1 = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6],
'C': [7, 8, 9]})
df2 = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1], 'B': [2], 'C': [3]})
df1 + df2
Adding a Scalar to a DataFrame:
df = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6],
'C': [7, 8, 9]})
We can add a scalar value to each element in the dataframe
using broadcasting
df + 2
Multiplying Two DataFrames:
df1 = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6],
'C': [7, 8, 9]})
df2 = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3]})
We can multiply the two dataframes using broadcasting:
df1 * df2
PROGRAM 8:DROPPING ROWS AND
COLUMNS THAT MISSING VALUES
# importing pandas as pd
import pandas as pd
# importing numpy as np
import numpy as np
# dictionary of lists
dict = {'First Score':[100, 90, np.nan, 95],
'Second Score': [30, np.nan, 45, 56],
'Third Score':[52, 40, 80, 98],
'Fourth Score':[np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, 65]}
# creating a dataframe from dictionary
df = pd.DataFrame(dict)
# using dropna() function
df.dropna()
Output:
PROGRAM 9: FILLING MISSING VALUES
# importing pandas as pd
import pandas as pd
# importing numpy as np
import numpy as np
# dictionary of lists
dict = {'First Score':[100, 90, np.nan, 95],
'Second Score': [30, 45, 56, np.nan],
'Third Score':[np.nan, 40, 80, 98]}
# creating a dataframe from dictionary
df = pd.DataFrame(dict)
# filling missing value using fillna()
df.fillna(0)
OUTPUT:
PROGRAM 10: CREATING AND READING CSV
FILE
import csv
# opening the CSV file
with pd.read_csv ('Giants.csv', mode ='r')as file:
# reading the CSV file
csvFile = csv.reader(file)
# displaying the contents of the CSV file
for lines in csvFile:
print(lines)
Output:
[['Steve', 13, 'A'],
['John', 14, 'F'],
['Nancy', 14, 'C'],
['Ravi', 13, 'B']]
PROGRAM 11: SAVING DATAFRAME AS CSV
FILE
# importing pandas as pd
import pandas as pd
# list of name, degree, score
nme = ["aparna", "pankaj", "sudhir", "Geeku"]
deg = ["MBA", "BCA", "M.Tech", "MBA"]
scr = [90, 40, 80, 98]
# dictionary of lists
dict = {'name': nme, 'degree': deg, 'score': scr}
df = pd.DataFrame(dict)
print(df)
Output:
name degree score
0 aparna MBA 90
1 pankaj BCA 40
2 sudhir M.Tech 80
3 Geeku MBA 98
Here, we simply export a Dataframe to a CSV file using df.to_csv()
# saving the dataframe
df.to_csv('file1.csv')
PROGRAM 12: CREATING AND SHOWING SIMPLE
LINE PLOT
# importing the required libraries
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# define data values
x = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4]) # X-axis points
y = x*2 # Y-axis points
plt.plot(x, y) # Plot the chart
plt.show() # display
OUTPUT:
PROGRAM 13: PLOTTING DATAFRAMES ON BAR CHART
# importing pandas library
import pandas as pd
# import matplotlib library
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# creating dataframe
df = pd.DataFrame({
'Name': ['John', 'Sammy', 'Joe'],
'Age': [45, 38, 90],
'Height(in cm)': [150, 180, 160]
})
# plotting graph
df.plot(x="Name", y=["Age", "Height(in cm)"],
kind="bar")
OUTPUT:
PROGRAM 14: PLOTTING HISTOGRAMS
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# Creating dataset
a = np.array([22, 87, 5, 43, 56,
73, 55, 54, 11,
20, 51, 5, 79, 31,
27])
# Creating histogram
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize =(10, 7))
ax.hist(a, bins = [0, 25, 50, 75, 100])
# Show plot
plt.show()
OUTPUT:
MY SQL QUERIES
PRACTICAL 1: ASSIGNING PRIMARY KEY
QUERY:
OUTPUT:
PRACTICAL 2: FOREIGN KEY
Consider The following customer relationship
Customer_id Customer_name Customer_Address
101 Geek 1 Chennai
102 Geek 2 Delhi
103 Geek 3 Bombay
104 Geek 4 Pune
105 Geek 5 Nashik
In order to create the following table, we use the following command
CREATE TABLE Customer(
Customer_id int primary key,
Customer_name varchar(20),
Customer_Address varchar(20),
Now Consider the Sales relation,
Customer_id Item_Id Payment_Mode
101 1334151 COD
101 16652 Debit Card
104 1009 Paypal
102 14543 COD
So in this relation, Customer_id is a foreign key that is obtained from the above
customer relation. We can create the table using the following command.
CREATE TABLE SALES(
Customer_id int FOREIGN KEY REFERENCES Customer(Customer_id)
Item_id int,
Payment_Mode varchar(20),
PRACTICAL 3 : THE SELECT OPERATION
CONSIDER TABLE CUSTOMER
Query to fetch the fields CustomerName, LastName from the table Customer:
SELECT CustomerName, LastName FROM Customer;
OUTPUT:
To
fetch
all the fields from the table Customer:
SELECT * FROM Customer;
OUTPUT:
PRACTICAL 4: CARTESIAN PRODUCT
CONSIDER TWO TABLES :
STUDENT COURSE
QUERY: SELECT Student.NAME, Student.AGE, StudentCourse.COURSE_ID
FROM Student
CROSS JOIN StudentCourse;
OUTPUT:
PRACTICAL 5 : WHERE CLAUSE
CREATE TABLE Emp1(
EmpID INT PRIMARY KEY,
Name VARCHAR(50),
Country VARCHAR(50),
Age int(2),
mob int(10)
);
-- Insert some sample data into the Customers table
INSERT INTO Emp1 (EmpID, Name,Country, Age, mob)
VALUES (1, 'Shubham', 'India','23','738479734'),
(2, 'Aman ', 'Australia','21','436789555'),
(3, 'Naveen', 'Sri lanka','24','34873847'),
(4, 'Aditya', 'Austria','21','328440934'),
(5, 'Nishant', 'Spain','22','73248679');
Select * from Emp1;
Query:
SELECT * FROM Emp1 WHERE Age=24;
Output:
To fetch the EmpID, Name and Country of Employees with Age greater than
21.
Query:
SELECT EmpID, Name, Country FROM Emp1 WHERE Age > 21;
Output:
PRACTICAL 6: THE DISTINCT
CLAUSE
CONSIDER TABLE STUDENT
Now, to
fetch unique names from the NAME field.
Query:
SELECT DISTINCT NAME FROM Student;
OUTPUT:
Now, to fetch a unique combination of rows from the whole table.
Query:
SELECT DISTINCT * FROM students;
Output:
PRACTICAL 7: THE BETWEEN & AND
OPERATOR
CONSIDER TABLE EMP:
List all the Employee’s Names who is having salary between 30000 and 45000.
Query:
SELECT Name
FROM Emp
WHERE Salary
BETWEEN 30000 AND 45000;
Output:
PRACTICAL 8: THE LIKE OPERATOR
we have a relation, Supplier. We want to test various patterns using the LIKE clause:
Supplier Table
SupplierID Name Address
S1 Paragon Suppliers 21-3, Okhla, Delhi
S2 Mango Nation 21, Faridabad, Haryana
S3 Canadian Biz 6/7, Okhla Phase II, Delhi
S4 Caravan Traders 2-A, Pitampura, Delhi
S5 Harish and Sons Gurgaon, NCR
S6 Om Suppliers 2/1, Faridabad, Haryana
Query :
SELECT SupplierID, Name, Address
FROM Suppliers
WHERE Name LIKE 'Ca%';
Output:
S3 Canadian Biz 6/7, Okhla Phase II, Delhi
S4 Caravan Traders 2-A, Pitampura, Delhi
PRACTICAL 9: THE UPDATE COMMAND
CONSIDER TABLE CUSTOMER:
Update the column NAME and set the value to ‘Nitin’ in the rows where the Age
is 22.
UPDATE Customer SET CustomerName
= 'Nitin' WHERE Age = 22;
Output:
PRACTICAL 10: GROUP BY FUNCTION
CONSIDER TABLE EMP:
Query:
SELECT NAME, SUM(SALARY) FROM emp
GROUP BY NAME;
The above query will produce the below output:
PRACTICAL 11: HAVING CLAUSE
CONSIDER TABLE STUDENT:
Execute Query
SELECT student, percentage
FROM Student
GROUP BY student, percentage
HAVING percentage > 95;
Here, three students named Isha, Sumedha, and Rahat Ali scored more than 95
%.
Output:
PRACTICAL 12 : USING STRING
FUNCTIONS
CHAR_LENGTH():
QUERY: SELECT char_length('Hello!');
Output: 6
INSTR():
QUERY: INSTR('geeks for geeks', 'e');
Output: 2 (the first occurrence of ‘e’)
LCASE():
QUERY: LCASE ("GeeksFor Geeks To Learn");
Output: geeksforgeeks to learn
LENGTH():
QUERY: LENGTH('GeeksForGeeks');
Output: 13
LTRIM():
QUERY: LTRIM('123123geeks', '123');
Output: geeks
RTRIM():
QUERY: RTRIM('geeksxyxzyyy', 'xyz');
Output: ‘geeks’
PRACTICAL 13: USING IN OPERATOR
CONSIDER TABLE EMP:
Find the Fname, and Lname of the Employees who have a Salary equal to 30000,
40000, or 25000.
Query:
SELECT Name
FROM Emp
WHERE Salary IN (30000, 40000, 25000);
Output:
PRACTICAL 14 : USING ALL OPERATOR
Consider the following Products Table and OrderDetails Table,Products Table
Find the name of the all the product.
SELECT ALL ProductName
FROM Products
WHERE TRUE;
OUTPUT:
