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OOP Concepts Assignment

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5 views

OOP Concepts Assignment

Uploaded by

deepesh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Object-Oriented Programming Concepts in Java

Define Class and Objects:

- A class is a blueprint or prototype for creating objects. It defines properties and behaviors using

fields (variables) and methods.

- An object is an instance of a class, representing a specific entity with state and behavior.

Four Pillars of Object-Oriented Programming System:

1. **Encapsulation**: Wrapping data (variables) and methods into a single unit called a class.

Access to the data is controlled using access modifiers.

2. **Inheritance**: Mechanism by which one class acquires properties and behaviors of another

class, promoting code reuse.

3. **Polymorphism**: Ability of a single entity to take multiple forms. It includes method overloading

(compile-time polymorphism) and method overriding (runtime polymorphism).

4. **Abstraction**: Hiding implementation details and showing only essential features of an object.

Constructor and Types of Constructors:

- A constructor is a special method used to initialize objects. It has the same name as the class and

does not have a return type.

Types of Constructors:

1. **Default Constructor**: A constructor with no parameters, provided by Java if no constructors are

explicitly defined.

Example: `public ClassName() {}`

2. **Parameterized Constructor**: A constructor with parameters to initialize object properties.

Example: `public ClassName(int x) { this.x = x; }`


3. **Copy Constructor**: A constructor that initializes an object using another object of the same

class.

Method Overloading:

- Method overloading is the ability to define multiple methods with the same name but different

parameter lists within the same class.

Ways to Overload Methods in Java:

1. By changing the number of parameters.

Example:

`void add(int a, int b) {}`

`void add(int a, int b, int c) {}`

2. By changing the data type of parameters.

Example:

`void add(int a, int b) {}`

`void add(double a, double b) {}`

3. By changing the sequence of parameters.

Example:

`void print(String s, int n) {}`

`void print(int n, String s) {}`

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