Assignment

Semester -8th Sem Subject: Deep Learning Subject Code: BTH204

Unit I: Introduction to Deep Learning

1. Define Deep Learning and briefly explain its historical trends.
2. What are gradient-based learning algorithms used in Deep Learning? Provide examples.
3. List and briefly describe the architecture design components in Deep Feedforward
networks.
4. Explain the concept of Hidden Units in Deep Learning networks.
5. Describe the process of Back Propagation in Deep Learning and its importance.
6. Compare and contrast Deep Feedforward networks with Shallow Networks in terms of
architecture and capabilities.
7. Discuss the role of Back Propagation and Differentiation Algorithms in training Deep
Learning models.
8. Explain how Gradient-Based Learning is applied to update weights in Deep Neural
Networks.
9. Describe the challenges associated with Architecture Design in Deep Learning and how
they are addressed.
10. Discuss the significance of Hidden Units in capturing complex patterns in data for Deep
Learning tasks.
11. Given a dataset and a problem statement, design a Deep Feedforward network
architecture suitable for the task, considering factors like input size, hidden layers, and
activation functions.
12. Implement a Back Propagation algorithm from scratch using a programming language
of your choice, and demonstrate its application on a sample dataset to train a simple
neural network.
13. Evaluate the performance of different Gradient-Based learning algorithms (e.g., SGD,
Adam) on a given dataset and analyze their impact on convergence speed and model
accuracy.
14. Devise a novel architecture design for a specific deep learning task (e.g., image
classification, natural language processing) and justify your design choices based on
theoretical principles and empirical evidence.
15. Critically analyze the limitations of traditional feedforward neural networks in handling
complex data distributions and propose alternative architectures or techniques to address
these limitations.
16. Compare and contrast the effectiveness of different differentiation algorithms (e.g.,
backpropagation, automatic differentiation) in training deep learning models,
considering factors such as computational efficiency and numerical stability.
17. Evaluate the impact of various hyperparameters (e.g., learning rate, batch size, weight
initialization) on the performance and convergence behavior of deep learning models,
using empirical experiments and statistical analysis.
 18. Analyze the role of hidden units in deep neural networks and investigate how different
activation functions (e.g., sigmoid, ReLU) affect the model's representational capacity
and training dynamics.

Unit II: Deep Networks

1. Define Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) and its applications.
2. List and briefly explain the components involved in Backpropagation and
Regularization.
3. Explain the concept of VC Dimension and its relevance to Neural Networks.
4. Describe the difference between Deep and Shallow Networks with examples.
5. Briefly explain the concept of Semi-Supervised Learning in Deep Learning.
6. Bloom's Level 2 (Understanding):
7. Discuss the probabilistic theory underlying Deep Learning and its implications.
8. Explain how batch normalization works and its role in training Deep Neural Networks.
9. Compare and contrast Conventional Networks with Deep Networks in terms of structure
and performance.
10. Describe the challenges and benefits associated with training Generative Adversarial
Networks.
11. Explain the concept of VC Dimension and its relationship with the capacity of Neural
Networks.
12. Implement a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) for generating synthetic images
and evaluate its performance using metrics such as image quality, diversity, and realism.
13. Develop a semi-supervised learning algorithm for a given dataset with limited labeled
examples, using techniques such as pseudo-labeling or consistency regularization, and
assess its effectiveness in improving model performance.
14. Apply batch normalization to a convolutional neural network (CNN) for image
classification and compare its performance with a baseline model without batch
normalization, analyzing the impact on training dynamics and generalization.
15. Analyze the theoretical foundations of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and
discuss the challenges associated with training GANs, such as mode collapse and
instability, proposing potential solutions or improvements.
16. Critically evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of deep vs. shallow networks in
terms of expressiveness, computational efficiency, and generalization performance,
using theoretical arguments and empirical evidence.
17. Compare and contrast different regularization techniques (e.g., L1/L2 regularization,
dropout, data augmentation) in terms of their impact on model complexity, robustness,
and generalization, based on experimental results and statistical analysis.
18. Analyze the role of VC Dimension in understanding the capacity of neural networks and
its implications for model complexity, overfitting, and generalization, using theoretical
concepts and practical examples.
Unit III: Dimensionality Reduction Linear (PCA, LDA)
1. Define Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA).
2. Explain the concept of Manifolds in Dimensionality Reduction.
3. Describe the role of Autoencoders in dimensionality reduction within neural networks.
 4. List and briefly explain the architecture of popular Convolutional Neural Networks
(CNNs) such as AlexNet, VGG, Inception, and ResNet.
5. Describe the process of training a Convolutional Neural Network, including key
considerations like weights initialization and batch normalization.
6. Discuss the differences between PCA and LDA in terms of their objectives and
assumptions.
7. Explain how metric learning techniques are utilized in Dimensionality Reduction.
8. Compare and contrast the architectures of AlexNet, VGG, Inception, and ResNet.
9. Explain the importance of hyperparameter optimization in training Convolutional Neural
Networks.
10. Discuss the challenges and benefits of using Autoencoders for dimensionality reduction
in Deep Learning.
11. Implement Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis
(LDA) for dimensionality reduction on a given dataset, visualizing the reduced-
dimensional representations and analyzing the impact on classification performance.
12. Develop an autoencoder-based model for unsupervised dimensionality reduction in neural
networks and compare its performance with traditional linear methods (e.g., PCA) on
various datasets, assessing reconstruction quality and information preservation.
13. Fine-tune the hyperparameters of a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture
(e.g., AlexNet, VGG) using techniques such as grid search or random search, optimizing
performance metrics such as classification accuracy or mean squared error.
14. Design and implement a convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture for a specific
computer vision task (e.g., image classification, object detection), incorporating
techniques such as batch normalization, dropout, and data augmentation to improve
generalization.
15. Analyze the geometric interpretation of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear
Discriminant Analysis (LDA) in terms of maximizing variance and class separability,
respectively, and discuss their limitations and assumptions.
16. Critically evaluate the effectiveness of autoencoders for nonlinear dimensionality
reduction in comparison to linear techniques (e.g., PCA, LDA), considering factors such
as model complexity, scalability, and robustness to noise.
17. Compare and contrast the architectural characteristics of popular convolutional neural
network (CNN) architectures (e.g., AlexNet, VGG, Inception, ResNet), analyzing their
design choices and performance trade-offs in different applications.
18. Analyze the impact of hyperparameters (e.g., learning rate, batch size, weight
initialization) on the training dynamics and convergence behavior of convolutional neural
networks (CNNs), using experimental results and statistical analysis.

Unit IV: Optimization and Generalization

1. Define optimization in the context of Deep Learning.
2. Explain the concept of non-convex optimization and its relevance to Deep Networks.
3. Describe the role of stochastic optimization in training Deep Neural Networks.
4. Explain the concept of Generalization in the context of Neural Networks.
5. Describe the architecture and functionality of recurrent networks such as LSTM in Deep
Learning.
 6. Discuss the challenges associated with non-convex optimization in training Deep
Networks.
7. Explain how stochastic optimization algorithms like SGD and Adam work in training
Deep Neural Networks.
8. Describe the mechanisms behind Generalization in Neural Networks.
9. Explain the architecture and training process of LSTM networks in detail.
10. Discuss the applications and limitations of deep reinforcement learning in computational
and artificial neuroscience.
11. Implement a stochastic optimization algorithm (e.g., stochastic gradient descent, Adam)
for training a deep neural network on a given dataset, tuning hyperparameters and
monitoring convergence to achieve optimal performance.
12. Develop a recurrent neural network (RNN) architecture for sequence modeling tasks (e.g.,
language modeling, time series prediction) and apply techniques such as gradient clipping
and learning rate scheduling to address optimization challenges.
13. Train a deep reinforcement learning agent using techniques such as policy gradients or Q-
learning to solve a simulated environment (e.g., OpenAI Gym) and evaluate its
performance in terms of task completion and sample efficiency.
14. Design and implement a spatial transformer network (STN) for geometric data
augmentation in convolutional neural networks (CNNs), improving model robustness and
generalization to spatial transformations.
15. Analyze the convergence properties of stochastic optimization algorithms (e.g., SGD,
Adam) in the context of training deep neural networks, considering factors such as
learning rate schedules, momentum, and batch size, and their impact on optimization
dynamics.
16. Critically evaluate the effectiveness of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) for sequence
modeling tasks in comparison to other architectures (e.g., CNNs, transformers),
discussing their limitations and potential improvements.
17. Compare and contrast different recurrent neural network (RNN) variants (e.g., vanilla
RNNs, LSTM, GRU) in terms of their architectural design, memory capacity, and ability
to capture long-term dependencies in sequential data.
18. Analyze the challenges and opportunities in applying deep reinforcement learning
techniques to real-world problems, discussing issues such as sample efficiency,
exploration-exploitation trade-offs, and generalization to diverse environments.

Unit V: Case Study and Applications

1. List the applications of Deep Learning in ImageNet, Audio WaveNet, and Natural
Language Processing.
2. Define Word2Vec and explain its significance in Natural Language Processing.
3. Describe the application of Deep Learning in Bioinformatics.
4. List the applications of Deep Learning in Face Recognition and Scene Understanding.
5. Briefly explain the concept of Gathering Image Captions and its significance in Deep
Learning.
6. Discuss the architecture and applications of Audio WaveNet in detail.
7. Explain how Word2Vec is trained and its advantages over traditional NLP methods.
8. Describe the challenges and techniques involved in applying Deep Learning to
Bioinformatics.
9. Discuss the advancements and challenges in Face Recognition using Deep Learning
techniques.
10. Explain the process and challenges involved in Scene Understanding using Deep Learning
models.
11. Develop a deep learning model for object detection on the ImageNet dataset using
techniques such as region-based convolutional neural networks (R-CNN), single-shot
detectors (SSDs), or YOLO (You Only Look Once), and evaluate its performance in terms
of precision, recall, and mean average precision (mAP).
12. Design and implement a neural network architecture for audio waveform synthesis using
WaveNet or similar models, training the model on a dataset of audio samples and
evaluating the quality of generated waveforms.
13. Apply natural language processing techniques such as Word2Vec or BERT (Bidirectional
Encoder Representations from Transformers) for sentiment analysis on a large corpus of
text data, assessing the model's accuracy and interpretability.
14. Develop a deep learning-based system for joint object detection and tracking in video
streams, integrating techniques such as feature extraction, object recognition, and motion
estimation to maintain object identities across frames.
15. Analyze the performance characteristics of different deep learning architectures for object
detection (e.g., R-CNN, SSD, YOLO) in terms of speed, accuracy, and computational
efficiency, discussing trade-offs and design considerations.
16. Critically evaluate the capabilities and limitations of WaveNet and similar models for
audio waveform synthesis, considering factors such as training data requirements, model
complexity, and audio quality.
17. Compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of Word2Vec and BERT for sentiment
analysis tasks, discussing their ability to capture semantic relationships, handle out-of-
vocabulary words, and generalize to different domains.
18. Analyze the challenges and opportunities in joint object detection and tracking in video
streams, discussing issues such as occlusions, object appearance variations, and real-time
performance requirements.