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Practice Sheet 2 - Limit of A Function

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
23 views2 pages

Practice Sheet 2 - Limit of A Function

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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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fore, for any P 7 0, there exists d 7 0 such that

2.3 The Precise Definition of a L


0 (g(x) - ƒ(x)) - (M 0 (g(x)
- L) 0- 6ƒ(x)) (M - L) 0 by:
P - Prepared
whenever 6 0PDr. 0 xwhenever
6 Amit - Mahajan, 0 x - c 0 Institute
c 0 6 d.0 6National 6 d. of Technology Delhi
L - M 7 0 bySince L - M we
hypothesis, 7 0take
by hypothesis, weintake
P = L - Therefore, P = L -and
particular M in particular and we have a num-
M for any P 7we0,have thereaexists
num- d 7 0 such that
7 0 such that
ber d 7 0 such that
Exercises 2.3
0 (g(x) - ƒ(x)) - (M - L) 0 6 L - M
Practice0 (g(x) Sheet - - 2 - (M - L) 0 6 P
ƒ(x))
whenever 0 6 0 x - c 0 6 d. whenever 0 6 0 x - c 0 6
0 (g(x) - ƒ(x)) - (M - L) 0 6 L - M whenever 0 6 0 x - c 0 6 d.
SinceCentering
a … 0 a 0 for Intervals About
any number a,a Since
TopicPoint
we - Limit
L - Mof7a0Function
have by hypothesis, we take P = 9.L - M in particular and w
a … 0 a 0 for any number a, we have
In Exercises d 7 0 (a,
1–6, sketch theberinterval such on the x-axis with the
b) that
In question - ƒ(x))the- (M - L)a(a,
6value
b) -onM 0 x -all
0 6point (x) =a" x
0 6 d Then ffind
point1–6,
(g(x) sketch
c inside. Then interval
find L ofthed x-axis with that
7whenever
0 such the for c cinside.
(g(x) - ƒ(x)) - (M -6 L)
0 6 L0 - M whenever 0 (g(x)
0 6- 0 xƒ(x))- c-0 6 (Md- L) 0 6 L - M y c=1 0 6 0x - c
whenever
value of x,δ0> 0 x
such
which simplifies to - c 6
that for
d 1
all x, a 06< xx 6
− c b.< δ ⇒ x ∈ ( a,b ) . L =1
simplifies to 1. a = 1, b = 7, c = 5 Since a … 0 a 0 for any number a, we have P = 1 y = "x
1. a = 1, b = 7, g(x) c = 56 ƒ(x) whenever 0 6 0 x - c 0 6 d. 5 4
g(x) 62. ƒ(x)a = 1, whenever
b = 7, c =0 26 0 x - c(g(x) 0 6 d. - ƒ(x)) - (M - L) 6 L - M 4 whenever 0 6 0 x - c
Butathis
2. =3.1,contradicts
a =b - =7>2, c b= =2…-g(x).
7, ƒ(x) Thus the inequality L 7 M must be false. Therefore
1>2,whichc = simplifies
-3
1
L ……
his contradicts ƒ(x) M.g(x). Thus the inequality L 7 M must be false. Therefore to 3
3. a =4.–7/2,
a = -b7>2,= –1/2,b =c = –3 c = - 3>2
- 1>2, 4
M. g(x) 6 ƒ(x) whenever 0 6 0 x - c 0 6 d.
4. a =5.–7/2,a = 4>9, b = 4>7, c = 1>2
b = –1/2, c = –3/2But this contradicts ƒ(x) … g(x). Thus the inequality L 7 M must be fa
6. a = 2.7591, b = 3.2391, c = 3
5. a = 4/9, b =4/7, c = 1/2 L … M. 0 9 1 25
16 16
6. a = 2.7591, b = 3.2391, c = 3
Finding Deltas Graphically
a Point 9. 10.
In Exercises 7–14, use the graphs to find a d 7 0 such that for all x
he interval (a, b) on the x-axis with the
a value of Ind question
Exercises
6 x 6with
a x-axis b. the
7 0 such
7.
2.3
9.7-10,
that foruseall0 6graphs
the 0 x - cto
y
0 6find
f(x)
c=1
1
" 0 < x L−=c 8.
a"δx0 >
d =10. ƒ(x) - L 0 that
0 such 6 P.for all yx ,
1< δ ⇒y f ( x ) − L < ε
f(x) = 2" x + 1
c=3
11.
f(x) = " x y
uch
5 that for all
Centering Intervalsy About ac = Point P 1 9.
y L=4 10.
1 5
= y = " xf(x)
4 f (x)with 3 x=+2" x+1
P = 0.2
In Exercises 1–6, ysketch the L =interval (a, b) on the x-axis = −the
2c = 3
3 f (x) = 2
2 1 4 f (x) = " x y x
point c inside. Then yfind = 2xa−1value
4 of d 7 0 such thatc = for−3all
L=4 c = 2 f (x) = 2
2, c = x, -30 6 0 x - c 0 65 d 1 aP = y = 1" x y = 12" x + 1
cy =
4
6 x 6 b. 3 L = 7.5P = 0.2 4.2
L = 1 L=4 c=3
2, c = -3>2 4 42x − 4 4 P=1 L=4
6.2 f (x) = P = 0.15
1. a = 1, b =1 7, c = 5 y = 2" x + 3.8 P = 1 y = "x
6 c = 5 5 1 4 P=0
c = 1>2 2. a = 1, b =3 7, c = 2 4.2
5.8 L = 6 4 y = − 3 x + 34
391, c =3.3 a = - 7>2, 4b = - 1>2, c = P- = x2 1 2 y = x2 5 y=2
3 00.2 9 1 3.825
3 7.65 4.2
16 16 4 4
4. a = - 7>2, b = - 1>2, c = - 3>2 4 7.5
x 2 x 3.8
x 7.35 3
5. a = 4>9, b0 = 4>7, 9 c =11>2 25 −1 0 2.61 3 3.41
0 16 5 5.1 16
6. a d= 72.7591,
raphs to find 0 such thatb =for 4.9
all x c = 3
3.2391, NOT TO SCALE x 2
0 9 1 25
6 d 1 0 ƒ(x) - L 0 6 P. NOT TO SCALE 11.
x
16 16 0 2
7. " −1 0 2.61 12.
8. 3 " 3.41
8. "3 "5
NOT TO SCALE
ch that for all x Deltas Graphically
Finding
y
x
y −1 0
NOT TO SCALE
2.61
3 y
P. x + 11.
f(x) = − 7–14,
In Exercises 3 use the graphs to find a d 7 0 such 12.f(x)
that=−3.1
for −3 0 f(x) = 4 − x 2 NOT TO SC
2 x 2 all x −2.9
c = −1
c = −3 0 6 0 x - c 0 6 d 1 0 ƒ(x) - L 0 6 P. c = 2 11. L = 3 12.
y L = 4 NOT TO SCALE y
y 7. L = 7.5 8. P=1 P = 0.25 3.25
34 P = 0.15 f(x) = 4 − x 2 y
f(x) = x 2
3x + 3 y c = −1
y y = −3 x + 3 c = 2f (x) = − y = 4 − x2 f (x) = x 23 f (x) = 4 − x 2
2 y=x 25 2 L =3 c = −1
y = 2x − 4 7.65 L = 4 c = −3 3.25 c=2
P = 1 L = 7.5 4 P = 0.25 L=3
7.5 L = 4 2.75
P=1 P = 0.25
6.2 f (x) =7.35
2x − 4 P = 0.153
+ x3 6 c = 52 5 y = 4 − x2 3
5.8 yL==x6 y = −3 x + 3 y = 4 − x2
7.65 2 x y = x2 5
P = 0.2 4 0 7.65
2
7.5 2.75
" 3 7.5 " 5 4
7.35 3
x x NOT TO SCALE7.35 3
0 −3 5 0
−3.1 4.9 −2.9
5.1 x
0 2 xx
NOT
NOTTO SCALE " 5 −1
0 "3 20
TO SCALE
"3 "5 − − 3
2 "
2 "5
x
9. " NOT TO SCALE
x 10. " NOT
NOT TO
TO SCALE
SCALE
0 −3 0
9 −3.1 −2.9 x
" 5 −1 " 3 0
ALE NOT TO SCALE
− − " 5 −1 "
2 2 − −
2
NOT TO SCALE NOT TO S
Each of question 11–15 gives a function ƒ(x) and numbers L, c, and "ε > 0 . In each case,
find an open interval about c on which the inequality " f ( x ) − L < ε holds. Then give a value
for δ > 0 such that for all x satisfying 0 < x − c < δ ⇒ f ( x ) − L < ε
11. ƒ(x) = 2x – 2, L = –6, c = –2, ε = 0.02
12. ƒ(x) = (x – 7)1/2, L = 4, c = 23, ε =1
13. ƒ(x) = x2, L = 4, c = –2, ε = 0.5
14. ƒ(x) = 120/x, L = 5, c = 24, ε =1
15. ƒ(x) = mx + b, L = m + b, c = 1, ε = 0.05 , m > 0

Use the formal definition in questions 16–20, where given a function ƒ(x), a point c, and a
positive number " ε . Find a number δ > 0 such that for all x, 0 < x − c < δ ⇒ f ( x ) − L < ε
16. ƒ(x) = — 3x — 2, c = — 1, ε = 0.03
x2 − 4
f (x ) = , c = 2, ε = 0.05
17. x−2
f (x ) = 1 − 5 x , c = −3, ε = 0.5
18.
4
f (x ) = , c = 2, ε = 0.4
19. x
x 2 + 6x + 5
20. f ( x) = , c = −5, ε = 0.05
x+5

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