Unit 7

Introduction To
ITS
Dr. Yonas Minalu

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 Intelligent Transportation System

• The term intelligent transportation system

(ITS) refers to efforts to add information and
communications technology to transport
infrastructure and vehicles, in order to
improve safety and reduce vehicle wear,
transportation times, and fuel consumption.

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 Intelligent Transport Systems
• ITS are advanced applications which, without embodying
intelligence as such, aim to provide innovative services
relating to different modes of transport and traffic
management and enable various users to be better informed
and make safer, more coordinated, and 'smarter' use of
transport networks.

• Interest in ITS comes from the problems caused by traffic

congestion and a synergy of new information technology for
simulation, real-time control, and communications networks.
• Traffic congestion has been increasing worldwide as a result
of increased motorization, urbanization, population growth,
and changes in population density. Congestion reduces
efficiency of transportation and increases travel time, air
pollution, and fuel consumption
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 Intelligent transport technologies
• Intelligent transport systems vary in technologies
applied, from basic management systems such as car
navigation; traffic signal control systems; container
management systems; variable message
signs; automatic number plate recognition or speed
cameras to monitor applications, such as
security CCTV systems; and to more advanced
applications that integrate live data and feedback from
a number of other sources, such as parking guidance
and information systems; weather information;
bridge deicing systems; and the like. Additionally,
predictive techniques are being developed to allow
advanced modeling and comparison with historical
baseline data. Some of these technologies are
described in the following sections. 4
 Technologie of ITS
1. Wireless communications:
• Various forms of wireless communications technologies have
been proposed for intelligent transportation systems.
2. Computational technologies:
• Recent advances in vehicle electronics have led to a move
toward fewer, more capable computer processors on a vehicle. A
typical vehicle in the early 2000s would have between 20 and
100 individual networked microcontroller/Programmable logic
controller modules with non-real-time operating systems
3. Floating car data/floating cellular data:
• "Floating car" or "probe" data collection is a set of relatively low-
cost methods for obtaining travel time and speed data for
vehicles traveling along streets, highways, freeways, and other
transportation routes .

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4. Sensing technologies :
• Technological advances in telecommunications and
information technology, coupled with state-of-the-art
microchip, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification),
and inexpensive intelligent beaconsensing technologies,
have enhanced the technical capabilities that will
facilitate motorist safety benefits for intelligent
transportation systems globally.
5. Bluetooth detection:
• Bluetooth is an accurate and inexpensive way to
measure travel time and make origin/destination
analysis. Bluetooth is a wireless standard used to
communicate between electronic devices like
mobile/smart phones, headsets, navigation systems,
computers etc. 6
7
 Introduction of ITS
Air-line Information
ITS is...

Traffic Information

Bus Information

...Traffic and Transit Management8

 Introduction of ITS
ITS is...

Traffic light control

...Traffic Signal Systems 9

 Introduction of ITS
ITS is...

Locate car’s current position by satellites

...Global Positioning Systems 10

 Introduction of ITS
ITS is...

• Weather
Information
Systems

• Commercial
Vehicle
Electronic
Clearance
Vehicle Electronic Clearance

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 Introduction of ITS
freeway Information

ITS is...

Navigation Information

Bus-stop Information

...Real-Time Traveler Information12

 Why is ITS Important?
• Offers the next major leap forward in
improving safety, convenience, and
productivity of our personal and
commercial travel.
• Critical as population and congestion
increase, and land and funding for new
roads decrease.

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How Does ITS Touch YOU?

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 Identified Benefits
• Time Savings
• Improved Throughput
• Reduced Crashes and Fatalities
• Cost Avoidance
• Increased Customer Satisfaction
• Energy and Environmental Benefits

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 Applications Overview
• Global Positioning Systems
• Weather information systems
• Bus Information System
• Traffic and transit management
• Real-time information
• Parking
• Incident management
• Emergency management
• Electronic toll collection
• Commercial vehicle operations
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 Global Positioning Systems
• The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a
satellite-based navigation system made up of
a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by
the U.S. Department of Defense.
• GPS was originally intended for military
applications, but in the 1980s, the
government made the system available for
civilian use. GPS works in any weather
conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a
day.
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 Weather information systems
• Monitor the weather information

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 Bus Information System
• Public Transport Information
– Countdown:
Real-time Bus Stop Information (London, UK)

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 Traffic and transit management
• Traffic Signals
• Monitoring throughput:
- Recommended speeds
- Ramp metering
• Incident Management
• Signal priority for:
- Emergency vehicles
Ramp metering
- Public transport

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 Real-time information
• Automobile traffic
• Public transport
• Parking
• Airport arrivals/departures
• News, banking, stocks…

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 Parking
• Information on
availability
• Guidance to:
- Available facility
- Actual spot

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 Incident management
• CCATS & CCIDS: Video-Based Solutions for Data
Collection and Incident Detection (Europe)

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 Emergency management
• Pre-trip, On-trip, emergency
– AA ITS Service (UK)
– ADAC ITS Services (Germany)

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 Electronic toll collection
• Electronic toll collection (ETC) makes it possible for
vehicles to drive through toll gates at traffic speed,
reducing congestion at toll plazas and automating toll
collection. Originally ETC systems were used to
automate toll collection, but more recent
innovations have used ETC to enforce congestion
pricing through cordon zones in city centers and ETC
lanes.

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 Electronic toll collection
• Electronic Payment
– HAMLET 2 - Toll Collection on Motorways (France)
– ETC - Electronic toll collection (Taiwan)

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 Commercial vehicle operations
• Fleet Management
– Taxi
– Buses
– Vans and Lorries
– Emergency Vehicle
• Security and Safety
– Tracking of Stolen Vehicle
– Tracing of emergency vehicle
– Tracking of Hazardous Goods

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 Motivation for Vehicular Communication
(VC)
• The main goal of VC is convenient and safe.
• Vehicles have… (differs from personal comm.)
– Enough power
– Large space
– Predictable and high-speed mobility
• Use communication for new services
– Collision warning
– Up-to-date traffic information
– Active navigation services
– Weather information
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 Vehicular Communication Technology
• Inside car
– Bluetooth, Zigbee

(current) CALM
• Car to car (Continuous Air-interface,
Long and Medium range )
• Car to road
• Car to Internet

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VC Service Integration

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VC Service scenario

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IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)

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