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과목 서답형 서․논술형 ( 4 )문항( 20 )점
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[1-5] 1번부터 5번까지는 듣고 답하는 문제입니다. 5. 대화를 듣고, Anthony의 일기장에서 대화의 내용과 일치하지
않는 것을 고르시오.(2.1점)
1. 대화를 듣고, 여자의 마지막 말에 대한 남자의 응답으로 가장 적
절한 것을 고르시오.(1.7점) Anthony’s Diary
① Good. It’ll be helpful for you to deliver DIY furniture. December 12th, 2023
② There will be many videos online that can help you, too. (A) Today, I called Lucy to lend some costumes from
③ Exactly. We should not spend too much time watching the drama club. (B) However, she was on her way to
videos. work, so I decided to pick them up tomorrow. When I
④ That’s a good idea. I’ll fix my computer by using the asked her how her family gathering was, she said she had
manual. a great time. (C) She said her uncle gave her a coupon
⑤ I think that would be helpful for me, too. I should find a for the rail bike at Crystal Riverside. She proposed that
video for assembling the bookcase. we go together, and I was filled with joy at first.
But I said I wouldn't be able to go there with her this
Saturday. (D) Lucy initially thought it was because of my
2. 다음을 듣고, 여자가 하는 말의 목적으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르 soccer practice, but it was cancelled for this week.
시오.(1.9점) (E) Instead, I have a musical audition scheduled that day.
① To request parking shared bicycles at designated locations. When I explained this to her, she understood and wished
② To emphasize the importance of wearing bicycle safety me luck for the audition. With Lucy's support, I hope to
gear. do my best and pass the audition.
③ To announce the construction schedule of shared bicycle
① (A) ② (B) ③ (C) ④ (D) ⑤ (E)
parking lots.
④ To prohibit students from using shared bicycles due to
misplaced ones.
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
⑤ To recommend commuting to school using eco-friendly
transportation means.
6. 다음 밑줄 친 어휘 (A) ~ (F) 중 맥락상 적절하지 않은 것의 개수
는?(3.6점)
Clara Chang is a student in Korea who speaks four
3. 대화를 듣고, 내용과 일치하는 것을 고르시오.(2.0점)
languages fluently and understands a few more. We study in
① The man is looking for a classic piano for his nephew.
the same class, so I (A) scarcely hear her using her skills
② The shop has a fine piano stocked in a few days ago.
and switching from language to language like a chameleon
③ Although the previous owner played the piano a lot, it
changing colors. When I told her how I have been struggling
looks as good as new.
merely to (B) acquire a foreign language, she shared a few
④ The man thinks $70 is a quite reasonable price for the
great tips with me. With these simple tips, I hope you will be
second-hand piano.
able to get the most out of your language learning.
⑤ The shop buys used books regardless of their condition.
A willingness to make mistakes means being ready to put
yourself in embarrassing situations. Go ahead and ask for
4. 다음을 들은 학생의 반응으로 적절하지 않은 것을 고르시오.(2.3점)
directions, order food, or even try to tell a joke in the
① The eagle, a symbol of the sun was considered
language. In the beginning, you are going to (C) overcome
important in ancient Mexican culture.
difficulties and possibly even get scared. However, if you
② It’s interesting that Chinese speak highly of the crane
leave your comfort zone and take on new challenges, you will
for not only its elegant appearance but also its ability
eventually find yourself (D) comfortable in new situations.
to walk, fly, and swim.
“Don’t worry. You won’t (E) irritate people by speaking their
③ Despite negative perception of the owl, ancient Greeks
language poorly. If you start any interaction by saying, ‘I’m
regarded them the goddess of wisdom.
learning, and I’d like to practice,’ most people will be patient,
④ I‘ve watched many movies based on Native American
encouraging, and (F) willing to help.”
cultures depicting the hummingbird as a healer and
deliverer of love.
① 5개 ② 4개 ③ 3개 ④ 2개 ⑤ 1개
⑤ From the lecture, I could learn about bird symbolism
used in different cultures.

[다음 쪽에 계속]
1/7
이 시험문제의 저작권은 덕원여자고등학교에 있습니다. 저작권법에 의해 보호받는 저작물이므로 전재와 복제는 금지되며, 이를 어길시 저작권법에 의거 처벌될 수 있습니다.
 출 제 교 사 및 검 토 교 사 계 부장 교감 교장
덕원여자고등학교
2023학년도 (2)학기 (기말)고사 ( 1 )학년 공통( O ) 선택( ) 과목 영어 선택형 ( 25 )문항( 80 )점
과목 서답형 서․논술형 ( 4 )문항( 20 )점
12월 12일 화요일 실시 응시 총인원 317명 03 (4)단위
코드 ( 4 )문항 단답․완성형 ( 0 )문항( 0 )점

7. 다음은 글을 읽고 학생들이 토론한 내용이다. 올바른 설명을 한 [서답형 1 – 서·논술형]

학생들을 모두 고른 것은?(3.5점) 다음 밑줄 친 부분의 우리말과 같은 의미가 되도록 본문에서 단어
When you have no one else to speak to, there is nothing 1개를 찾아 <보기>의 단어 및 어구에 추가하여 조건에 맞게 영작하
wrong with talking to yourself. That can keep new words 시오.(5.0점)
조건1. 필요시 어형 변형 가능.
and phrases fresh in your mind and build your confidence
조건2. 반드시 아래 본문에서 1개 단어만을 찾아 변형 없이 추가할 것.
for the next time (A) when you speak with someone. “It
그 외 단어 추가 불가.
might sound really silly, but actually speaking to yourself in
조건3. <보기>의 모든 단어(어구)를 사용하되 한 번씩만 사용할 것.
a language will be a great way to practice in case you * 조건을 모두 충족하지 못할 경우 0점 처리. 철자 오류 하나 당 1점 감점.
(가) speak it with others.”
You must learn to listen before you speak. Every language Those are some of the tips that Clara told me. Just
sounds (B) weird the first time you hear ⓐ it, but the more remember that the best possible outcome of speaking a
you expose yourself to ⓑ it, the more familiar ⓒ it becomes, language is for people to understand you. Being able to have
and the easier ⓓ it is to speak ⓔ it properly. “We’re able to a simple conversation in a new language is a huge reward in
itself. Reaching milestones like that will make it easier to
pronounce anything. It’s just that we (나) .
stay motivated and to keep practicing. Then, someday 여러분
(다) For example, the letter Z doesn’t exist in Korean. For me,
은 상상할 수 있는 어떤 상황에서든 그 언어로 자유롭게 의사소통하
the best way to master that sound is to hear it constantly
고 상호작용할 수 있는 자신을 발견할 것입니다.
and imagine how it is supposed (C) to pronounce it.”
< 보 기 >
Kai : (A) ~ (C) 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것은 (C) 하나야.
Jay : (가)에 들어갈 말은 시제 일치의 원칙에 따라 주절의 시제와 imagine / you will / whatever / be able to /
동일한 미래시제를 사용한 ‘will not be able to’가 적절해. in / find / communicate freely / situations /
Ten : 밑줄 친 ⓐ ~ ⓔ의 ‘it’이 가리키는 것은 모두 동일해. you / in that / you can / to interact / and
Mark : (나)에 들어갈 말로는 ‘are not accustomed to do so’
가 적절해.
Felix : “The French ‘r’ doesn't exist in my native
[서답형 2 – 서∙논술형]
language. At first, it felt impossible to pronounce
밑줄 친 (A) ~ (D) 중 어법상 잘못된 부분이 있는 것 하나를 찾아
correctly. However, the more I immersed myself
기호를 쓰고 올바른 문장으로 다시 쓰시오.(5.0점)
in French content, the more I heard the elusive
조건1. 반드시 기호를 쓰고 전체 문장을 쓸 것.
‘r’ sound. Gradually, it became less strange, and I 조건2. 전체 흐름에 적합한 문장이 되도록 고칠 것.
found myself mimicking it effortlessly.”는 (다)의 예 * 조건을 모두 충족하지 못할 경우 0점 처리. 철자 오류 하나 당 1점 감점.
시 부분에 들어가기에 적합해.
No learning is possible without an error signal. Organisms
① Kai, Mark ② Kai, Felix ③ Jay, Mark
only learn when events violate their expectations. In other
④ Kai, Ten, Felix ⑤ Jay, Ten, Mark
words, surprise is one of the fundamental drivers of
learning. Imagine hearing a series of identical notes, AAAAA.
Each note draws out a response in the auditory areas of
8. (A) ~ (G) 중 어법상 잘못된 부분이 있는 것은 모두 몇 개인가?(3.4점) your brain — but as the notes repeat, those responses
Clara learned several languages together with her twin progressively decrease. (A) This is called “adaptation,” a
brother. They gained their superpowers from their healthy deceptively simple phenomenon that shows that your brain is
sibling rivalry. (A) Having a partner will motivate both of you learning to anticipate the next event. Suddenly, the note
to try just a bit harder and staying with it. “My brother and I changes: AAAAA#. Your primary auditory cortex immediately
were very motivated, and we still are. (B) If he realizes I’m shows a strong surprise reaction: (B) not only does the
doing more than he is, he’ll get a bit envious and then try to adaptation fade away, but additional neurons begin to
do better than me. I do the same thing as well.” vigorously fire in response to the unexpected sound. And
Is there a proper way to go about learning? (C) Whichever (C) it is not just repetition which lead to adaptation: that
learning tools you use, it is crucial to practice your new matters is whether the notes are predictable. For instance,
languages every single day. (D) Use every opportunity to be (D) if you hear an alternating set of notes, such as ABABA,
exposed to the new languages. (E) Surrounding yourself with your brain gets used to this alternation, and the activity in
the new languages are really important. “(F) It is about putting your auditory areas again decreases. This time, however, it
that you’re learning into practice. (G) Write an email, listen to is an unexpected repetition, such as ABABB, that triggers a
music, watch TV, and even speak to you in those languages.” surprise response.
① 2개 ② 3개 ③ 4개 ④ 5개 ⑤ 6개
[다음 쪽에 계속]

2/7
이 시험문제의 저작권은 덕원여자고등학교에 있습니다. 저작권법에 의해 보호받는 저작물이므로 전재와 복제는 금지되며, 이를 어길시 저작권법에 의거 처벌될 수 있습니다.
 출 제 교 사 및 검 토 교 사 계 부장 교감 교장
덕원여자고등학교
2023학년도 (2)학기 (기말)고사 ( 1 )학년 공통( O ) 선택( ) 과목 영어 선택형 ( 25 )문항( 80 )점
과목 서답형 서․논술형 ( 4 )문항( 20 )점
12월 12일 화요일 실시 응시 총인원 317명 03 (4)단위
코드 ( 4 )문항 단답․완성형 ( 0 )문항( 0 )점

(A) The characteristics of organized individuals are inherited

9. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?(3.2점)
genetically.
Countershading is the process of optical flattening that (B) Organized people tend to memorize information because
provides camouflage to animals. When sunlight illuminates remembering it mentally lasts longer than simply writing
an object from above, the object will be brightest on top. it down.
(C) Setting and sticking to a plan helps you achieve your
The color of the object will gradually shade darker toward
goals.
the bottom.
(D) One of the habits of organized people is gathering and
(A) This shading gives the object depth and allows the categorizing scattered items, assigning them to
designated places.
viewer to distinguish its shape. Thus even if an animal
(E) Having fewer possessions rather than accumulating
is exactly, but uniformly, the same color as the
many things can make a sense of gratitude for one's
substrate, it will be easily visible when illuminated.
belongings.

(B) The animal thus appears to be a single color and easily ① (A), (B) ② (A), (E) ③ (B), (C)
blends in with the substrate. This pattern of coloration, ④ (C), (D) ⑤ (D), (E)
or countershading, destroys the visual impression of
shape in the organism. It allows the animal to blend in
with its background. 11. 다음 글을 읽고, <보기>에서 글의 조언을 실천하는 학생을 모
두 고른 것은?(3.6점)
(C) Most animals, however, are darker above than they are
Unless you have a good reason to learn a new language,
below. When they are illuminated from above, the you are unlikely to stay motivated in the long run. Wanting
darker back is lightened and the lighter belly is shaded. to impress people around you with your foreign language
skills is not a very good reason to learn a new language.
① (A) - (B) - (C) ② (A) - (C) - (B) ③ (B) - (A) - (C) Better reasons are to make foreign friends to speak with
④ (B) - (C) - (A) ⑤ (C) - (A) - (B) them in their own languages or to read your favorite books
in the original languages, not in translation. Once you have
come up with a good reason and decided on a foreign
language, it is crucial to commit to it. “Okay, I want to
learn this language, so I’m going to do as much as I can
10. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것들로만 짝지어진 것은?(3.4점) to master this language.”
Really organized people aren’t born that way. They < 보 기 >
develop healthy habits to help them be organized. Here are 찬영 : I’m learning Mandarin to better communicate with
five essential habits they use. First, don’t try to remember people who primarily speak Mandarin Chinese and
everything. Write things down instead. That’s our way of be friends with them.
remembering things externally, and it’s permanent, too. 태용 : I’m taking a Spanish class to read in Spanish and
Use your computer or smartphone to take notes. Second, eventually get a deep appreciation for Hispanic
organized people know that they can be more productive if culture, including literature, music, and traditions.
they are organized. They keep a daily schedule and a 재환 : These days, I try to acquire basic Japanese
phrases to give a good impression to friends who
weekly one. If you make a habit of doing this, you can
are fans of Japanese pop culture.
achieve your goals. Third, organized people store things
수빈 : I’m putting an extra effort to excel in a French
properly and put labels on items. Gather scattered items
class to make an impression to my teacher and
and put them together. Sort them, organize them, label
ultimately receive a certificate of proficiency to
them, and put them in their proper places. Fourth, having
make my parents happy.
more stuff leads to untidiness. Organized people only keep 형원 : My ultimate goal of learning Dutch is to participate
what they need and want. Having fewer things will let you in cultural activities such as community gatherings
enjoy and appreciate them more. Don’t have lots of and communicate with people in Dutch.
possessions gathering dust. Don’t squeeze many items into
① 찬영, 수빈 ② 태용, 형원 ③ 수빈, 재환
your room. Get rid of things. Finally, write down what you
④ 찬영, 태용, 재환 ⑤ 찬영, 태용, 형원
need and only buy those things. Don’t give in to false
advertising and buy things because they’re on sale.

[다음 쪽에 계속]

3/7
이 시험문제의 저작권은 덕원여자고등학교에 있습니다. 저작권법에 의해 보호받는 저작물이므로 전재와 복제는 금지되며, 이를 어길시 저작권법에 의거 처벌될 수 있습니다.
 출 제 교 사 및 검 토 교 사 계 부장 교감 교장
덕원여자고등학교
2023학년도 (2)학기 (기말)고사 ( 1 )학년 공통( O ) 선택( ) 과목 영어 선택형 ( 25 )문항( 80 )점
과목 서답형 서․논술형 ( 4 )문항( 20 )점
12월 12일 화요일 실시 응시 총인원 317명 03 (4)단위
코드 ( 4 )문항 단답․완성형 ( 0 )문항( 0 )점

12. 아래 박스는 주어진 글에 관해 설명한 것이다. (1) ~ (5) 중 틀린 14. (A) ~ (E) 중 어법 또는 문맥상 잘못된 부분이 있는 것은 모두
것은 모두 몇 개인가?(3.8점) 몇 개인가?(3.8점)
Pre-emption means that a strategy is designed to prevent Native Americans often sang and danced in preparation for
a rival from starting some particular activity. (A) In some launching an attack. (A) The emotional and neurochemical
case a pre-emptive move may simply be an announcement excitement that resulted in this preparatory singing gave
of some intent that might discourage rivals do the same. them stamina to carry out their attacks. (B) What may have
( ⓐ ) The idea of pre-emption implies that (B) is begun as an unconscious, uncontrolled act — rushing their
sometimes very important — a decision or an action at one victims with singing and beating drums in a frenzy — could
point in time might be much more rewarding than doing it have become a strategy as the victors saw firsthand the
at a different time point. ( ⓑ ) Pre-emption may involve effect their actions had on those they were attacking.
up-weighting advertising for a period before and during (C) Although war dances risk warning an enemy of an
when a new entrant launches into a market. ( ⓒ ) Product upcoming attack, the arousal and synchronizing benefits for
proliferation is another potential pre-emption strategy. ( ⓓ ) the attackers may compensate for the gain of surprise.
The general idea is to launch a large variety of product (D) Humans who sang, danced, and marched may have
variants so that there is very (C) [little / much] in the way enjoyed a strong advantage on the battlefield as well as
of market demand that is not accommodated. ( ⓔ ) intimidated enemies who witnessed such a spectacle.
Arguably, if a market is already filled with product variants (E) Nineteenth-and twentieth-century Germans feared no one
it is more difficult for competitors to find untapped pockets more than the Scots — the bagpipes and drums were
of market demand. disturbed in their sheer loudness and visual spectacle.

(1) (A)는 문맥과 어법상 옳은 문장이다. ① 1개 ② 2개 ③ 3개 ④ 4개 ⑤ 5개

(2) ⓐ ~ ⓔ 중 글의 흐름 상 “The intent is to make it more
difficult for the new entrant's advertising to make an
impression on potential buyers.”가 들어가기에 적절한 곳 15. 밑줄 친 어휘 중 문맥상의 의미가 <보기> 중에 없는 것은?(3.7점)
은 ⓑ이다. The connectedness of the global economic market makes
(3) 글의 흐름 상 (B)에 들어가기에 적합한 말은 ‘timing’이다. it ① vulnerable to potential “infection.” A financial failure
(4) 글의 흐름 상 (C)에 들어가기에 적합한 말은 ‘much’이다. can make its way from borrowers to banks to insurers,
(5) “Google has not only caught the attention of spreading like a flu. However, there are unexpected
consumers but also occupied the position in advance characteristics when it comes to such infection in the
by gradually expanding its product portfolio starting market. Infection can occur even without any contact. A
with the search engine and launching products like
bank might become ② insolvent even without having any of
Gmail, Google Drive, YouTube, and Android.”라는 내용은
its investments fail. Fear and uncertainty can be damaging
Pre-emption의 사례가 될 수 있다.
to financial markets, just as ③ cascading failures due to
① 1개 ② 2개 ③ 3개 ④ 4개 ⑤ 5개 bad investments. If we all woke up tomorrow and believed
that Bank X would be insolvent, then it would become
13. 밑줄 친 표현 중 글의 흐름상 어색한 것은?(3.3점) insolvent. In fact, it would be enough for us to fear that
The recent “cycling as a lifestyle” craze has expressed itself others believed that Bank X was going to fail, or just to
in an increase in the number of active cyclists and in fear our ④ collective fear! We might all even know that
growth of cycling club membership in several European, Bank X was well-managed with healthy investments, but if
American, Australian and Asian urban areas. It has also we expected others to pull their money out, then we would
been accompanied by ① a symbolic reinterpretation of the
fear being the last to pull our money out. Financial distress
bicycle. After the bicycle had been associated with poverty
can be ⑤ self-fulfilling and is a particularly troublesome
for many years, expensive recreational bicycles or
aspect of financial markets.
recreationally-inspired commuting bicycles have suddenly
become ② aspirational products in urban environments. In < 보 기 >
present times, cycling has become an activity which is also * not having enough money to pay debts
performed for ③ its demonstrative value, its role in identity * requiring people to respond to the actions
construction and its effectiveness in impressing others and * becoming real or true as it was predicted or expected
signaling social status. To a certain extent, cycling has
* happening or existing without a break or interruption
turned into a symbolic marker of the well-off. Obviously,
* easily hurt or harmed physically, mentally, or emotionally
④ value-laden consumption behavior is by no means limited
to cycling. However, the link with identity construction and
⑤ inconspicuous consumption has become particularly manifest
in the case of cycling. [다음 쪽에 계속]
4/7
이 시험문제의 저작권은 덕원여자고등학교에 있습니다. 저작권법에 의해 보호받는 저작물이므로 전재와 복제는 금지되며, 이를 어길시 저작권법에 의거 처벌될 수 있습니다.
 출 제 교 사 및 검 토 교 사 계 부장 교감 교장
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과목 서답형 서․논술형 ( 4 )문항( 20 )점
12월 12일 화요일 실시 응시 총인원 317명 03 (4)단위
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16. 글의 흐름으로 보아, (A), (B), (C)에 들어가기에 가장 적절한 [18-19] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오.
표현끼리 짝지어진 것은?(3.2점) A neuropsychologist, Michael Gazzaniga conducted a study
Observational studies of humans cannot be properly that shows (A) that our brains excel at creating coherent (but
controlled. Humans live different lifestyles and in different not necessarily true) stories that deceive us. In the study,
environments. Thus, they are not (A) [insufficiently / split-brain patients were shown an image such that it was
sufficiently] homogeneous to be suitable experimental visible to only their left eye and asked to select a related
subjects. These confounding factors undermine our ability to card with their left hand. Left-eye vision and left-side body
draw sound causal conclusions from human epidemiological movement are controlled by the right hemisphere. In a
surveys. Confounding factors are variables (known or split-brain patient, the connection between the right and left
unknown) that make it (B) [difficult / easy] for epidemiologists hemispheres (B) have been broken, meaning no information
to isolate the effects of the specific variable being studied. can cross from one hemisphere to the other. Therefore, in
For example, Taubes argued that since many people who this experiment, the right hemisphere was doing all of the
drink also smoke, researchers have difficulty determining the work, and the left hemisphere was unaware of (C) that was
link between alcohol consumption and cancer. Similarly, happening.
researchers in the famous Framingham study identified a Gazzaniga then asked participants why they chose the card
considerable correlation between coffee drinking and that they (D) were. Because language is processed and
coronary heart disease. However, most of this correlation generated in the left hemisphere, the left hemisphere is
disappeared once researchers corrected for the fact that required to respond. However, because of the experiment's
many coffee drinkers also smoke. If the confounding factors design, only the right hemisphere knew why the participant
are known, it is often possible to correct for them. However, selected the card. As a result, Gazzaniga expected the
if they are unknown, they will (C) [strengthen / weaken] the participants to be silent when asked to answer the question.
reliability of the causal conclusions we draw from But instead, every subject fabricated a response. The left
epidemiological surveys. hemisphere was being asked to provide a rationalization for

(A) (B) (C) a behavior done by the right hemisphere. The left

① sufficiently ····· difficult ····· strengthen hemisphere didn't know the answer. But that didn't keep it

② sufficiently ····· easy ····· strengthen from (E) being fabricated an answer. That answer, however,

③ sufficiently ····· difficult ····· weaken had no basis in reality. Now if this study had been limited

④ insufficiently ····· easy ····· strengthen to split-brain patients, it would be interesting but not very

⑤ insufficiently ····· difficult ····· weaken relevant to us. It turns out split-brain patients aren't the
only ones who fabricate reasons. We all do it. We all need

17. 밑줄 친 (A) ~ (E) 중 문맥 또는 어법상 잘못된 부분을 포함하고 a coherent story about ourselves, and when information in

있는 것을 모두 고른 것은?(3.6점) that story is missing, our brains simply fill in the details.

The right to be forgotten is a right distinct from but related to a

18. 위 글의 (A) ~ (E) 중 어법상 맞는 것의 개수는?(3.7점)
right to privacy. The right to privacy is, among other things, the
① 1개 ② 2개 ③ 3개 ④ 4개 ⑤ 5개
right for information traditionally regarded as protected or
personal not to be revealed. (A) The right to be forgotten, in
19. 위 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?(3.5점)
contrast, can be applied to information that has been in the
① The split-brain patients who participated in the study
public domain. (B) The right to be forgotten broadly includes the
were given images to be visible to both their right and
right of an individual not to be forever defined by information
left eyes.
from a specific point in time. (C) One motivation for such a right
② The left hemisphere is in control of left-eye vision and
is to allow individuals to move on with their lives and be defined
the left-side body movement.
by a specific event or period in their lives. (D) For example, it has
③ Information is transmitted from one hemisphere to the
long recognized in some countries, such as the UK and France,
other despite the disconnection between the right and
that even past criminal convictions should eventually “spend” and
left hemisphere of a split-brain patient.
not continue to influence a person's life. (E) Although the reason
④ It was not the right hemisphere but the left hemisphere
for supporting the right to be forgotten, the right to be forgotten
that was performing all the work in the experiment.
can sometimes come into conflict with other rights. For example,
⑤ The participants made up an answer instead of being
formal exceptions are sometimes made for security or public
silent when asked why they chose the card.
health reasons.
① (A), (B) ② (C), (D) ③ (A), (C), (E)
[다음 쪽에 계속]
④ (B), (D), (E) ⑤ (C), (D), (E)
5/7
이 시험문제의 저작권은 덕원여자고등학교에 있습니다. 저작권법에 의해 보호받는 저작물이므로 전재와 복제는 금지되며, 이를 어길시 저작권법에 의거 처벌될 수 있습니다.
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20. 다음 글에 대한 설명 (1) ~ (5) 중 틀린 것의 개수는?(3.5점) [서답형 3 – 서·논술형]

Clarity in an organization keeps everyone working in one 밑줄 친 (가)의 우리말과 같은 의미가 되도록 <보기>의 단어 및
accord and energizes key leadership components like trust 어구를 조건에 맞게 영작하시오.(5.0점)
and transparency. (A) No matter who or what is being 조건1. 중복 불가, 필요시 어형 변형 가능.
assessed in your organization, what they are being assessed 조건2. <보기>의 모든 단어(어구)를 사용하되 한 번씩만 사용할 것.

on must be clear and the people must be aware of it. If * 조건을 모두 충족하지 못할 경우 0점 처리. 철자 오류 하나 당 1점 감점.

individuals in your organization are assessed without < 보 기 >

knowing what they are being assessed on, it can cause
arose specifically / hearing in moths /
(B) and move your organization away from clarity.
the threat / in response to / that / be /
For your organization to be productive, cohesive, and
of / eat / by / believe / bats / It is
successful, trust is essential. Failure to have (C) in
your organization will have a negative effect on the results
of any assessment. It will also significantly hinder the
growth of your organization. To conduct accurate
assessments, (C) is a must —which comes through
clarity. (D) In turn, assessments help you see clearer, that 22. 아래 박스는 주어진 글에 관해 설명한 것이다. (1) ~ (5) 중 맞는
then empowers your organization to reach optimal success. 것의 개수는?(3.8점)
A study investigated the economic cost of prejudice based on
(1) (A)는 ‘Whoever or Whatever’로 대체할 수 있다. blind assumptions. ( ⓐ ) Researchers gave a group of Danish
(2) (B)에는 ‘mistrust’가 문맥상 적절한 낱말이다. teenagers the choice of working with one of two people. ( ⓑ )
(3) (C)에 공통으로 들어갈 말은 ‘trust’가 적절하다. The teenager had never met (A) either of them. ( ⓒ ) One of
(4) (D)는 어법상 맞는 문장이다. the people had a name that suggested they were from a
(5) 글의 제목으로 ‘Elements Required for Accurate similar ethnic or religious background to the teenager. ( ⓓ )
Assessment’가 적절하다. The study showed that the teenagers were prepared to earn
an average of 8% less if they could work with someone they
① 없음 ② 1개 ③ 2개 ④ 3개 ⑤ 4개 thought came from the same ethnic or religious background.
( ⓔ ) And this prejudice was evident among teenagers with
ethnic majority names as well as (B) those with ethnic minority
names. The teenagers were blindly making assumptions about
[21, 서답형3] 다음 글을 읽고, 물음에 답하시오. the race of their potential colleagues. (C) They then applied
As always happens with natural selection, (A) bats and prejudice to those assumptions, to the point which they
their prey have been engaged in a life-or-death sensory actually allowed that prejudice to reduce their own potential
arms race for millions of years. (가) 나방의 청력은 특히 박쥐 income. The job required the two teenagers to work together
에게 잡아먹히는 위협에 대한 반응으로 생겨난 것으로 여겨진다. for just 90 minutes.
(Not all insects can hear.) Over millions of years, moths
have evolved the ability to detect sounds at ever higher (1) 글의 흐름상 ⓐ ~ ⓔ 중 “The other had a name that
frequencies, and, (B) as they have, the frequencies of bats’ suggested they were from a different ethnic or religious
vocalizations have raised, too. (C) Some moth species have background.”가 들어가기에 가장 적절한 곳은 ⓒ 이다.
also evolved scales on their wings and a fur­like coat on (2) 어법상 (A), (B) 모두 올바르게 사용되었다.
their bodies; (D) both act as “acoustic camouflage,” by (3) (C)는 문맥과 어법상 올바른 문장이다.
absorbing sound waves in the frequencies emitted bats, (4) “The study revealed that the teenagers preferred to
thereby preventing those sound waves from bouncing back. work with someone of a different ethnic or religious
(E) The B­2 bomber and other “stealth” aircraft have background rather than someone of a similar ethnic
fuselages making of materials that do something similar or religious background.”는 위 글의 내용과 일치한다.
with radar beams. (5) 이 글의 제목은 ‘The Positive Effect of Prejudice on
Rational Economic Behavior’이다
21. 위 글에서 밑줄 친 (A) ~ (E) 중 문맥상 또는 어법상 틀린 것
을 모두 고른 것은?(3.7점) ① 1개 ② 2개 ③ 3개 ④ 4개 ⑤ 5개
① (A), (C) ② (A), (D) ③ (B), (E)
④ (B), (D), (E) ⑤ (C), (D), (E)

[다음 쪽에 계속]
6/7
이 시험문제의 저작권은 덕원여자고등학교에 있습니다. 저작권법에 의해 보호받는 저작물이므로 전재와 복제는 금지되며, 이를 어길시 저작권법에 의거 처벌될 수 있습니다.
 출 제 교 사 및 검 토 교 사 계 부장 교감 교장
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2023학년도 (2)학기 (기말)고사 ( 1 )학년 공통( O ) 선택( ) 과목 영어 선택형 ( 25 )문항( 80 )점
과목 서답형 서․논술형 ( 4 )문항( 20 )점
12월 12일 화요일 실시 응시 총인원 317명 03 (4)단위
코드 ( 4 )문항 단답․완성형 ( 0 )문항( 0 )점

23. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?(3.1점) 25. 글의 흐름으로 보아, (A), (B), (C)에 들어가기에 적절한 낱말끼
리 짝지어진 것은?(3.1점)
In the natural world, if an animal consumes a plant
Dan and I were supposed to make a presentation that day.
with enough antinutrients to make it feel unwell, it
Right after the class started, my phone buzzed. It was a text
won't eat that plant again. Intuitively, animals also know
to stay away from these plants. from Dan saying, “I can’t make it on time. There’s been a
car accident on the road!” My mind became (A) [confused /
(A) It does this by making your taste buds perceive these clear]. ‘What should I do?’ Dan didn’t show up before our
flavors as bad and even disgusting. As you grow and turn, and soon I was standing in front of the whole class. I
your body becomes stronger enough to tolerate these managed to finish my portion, and my mind went blank for
antinutrients, suddenly they no longer taste as bad as a few seconds, (B) [wandering / wondering] what to do. ‘Hold
before. yourself together!’ I quickly came to my senses and worked

(B) Years of evolution and information being passed down through Dan’s part of the presentation as best as I could.
created this innate intelligence. This “intuition”, though, After a few moments, I finished the entire presentation on
is not just seen in animals. Have you ever wondered my own. Only then did the tension (C) [appear / vanish]. I
why most children hate vegetables? could see our professor’s beaming face.
(A) (B) (C)
(C) Dr. Steven Gundry justifies this as part of our genetic
① confused ····· wandering ····· appear
programming, our inner intelligence. Since many
② confused ····· wondering ····· vanish
vegetables are full of antinutrients, your body tries to
③ confused ····· wondering ····· appear
keep you away from them while you are still fragile and
④ clear ····· wandering ····· appear
in development.
⑤ clear ····· wondering ····· vanish
① (A) - (B) - (C) ② (A) - (C) - (B) ③ (B) - (A) - (C)
④ (B) - (C) - (A) ⑤ (C) - (A) - (B)
[서답형 4 – 서·논술형] 다음 밑줄 친 우리말과 같은 의미가 되도
록 본문에서 단어 2개를 찾아 <보기>의 단어 및 어구를 사용하여
24. 글의 흐름상 빈 칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?(3.5점) 조건에 맞게 영작하시오.(5.0점)
Research in the science of peak performance and 조건1. 보기의 단어 및 어구는 어형 변형 불가.
motivation points to the fact that different tasks should 조건2. 반드시 아래 본문에서 2개의 단어만을 찾아 올바르게 변형하여
ideally be matched to our energy level. For example, 추가할 것. 그 외의 단어 추가 불가.
조건3. <보기>의 모든 단어(어구)를 사용하되 한 번씩만 사용할 것.
analytical tasks are best accomplished when our energy is
* 조건을 모두 충족하지 못할 경우 0점 처리. 철자 오류 하나 당 1점 감점.
high and we are free from distractions and able to focus. I
generally wake up energized. Over the years, I have Of all the human emotions, none is trickier or more elusive
consistently stuck to the habit of “eating my problems for than envy. It is very difficult to actually discern the envy
breakfast.” I’m someone who tends to overthink different that motivates people's actions. The reason for this
scenarios and conversations that haven't happened yet. elusiveness is simple: we almost never directly express the
When I procrastinate on talking with an unhappy client or envy we are feeling. Envy entails the admission to ourselves
dealing with an unpleasant email, I find I waste too much that we are inferior to another person in something we
emotional energy during the day. It's as if the task hangs value. 이 열등감을 인정하는 것은 고통스러울 뿐만 아니라 우리가
over my head, and I'll spend more time worrying about it, 이것을 느끼고 있다는 것을 다른 사람들이 알게 되는 것은 훨씬 더
talking about it, and avoiding it, than it would actually take 나쁘다. And so almost as soon as we experience the initial
to just take care of it. So for me, it'll always be the first feelings of envy, we are motivated to disguise it to ourselves
thing I get done. If you know you are not a morning — it is not envy we feel but unfairness at the distribution of
person, . goods or attention, resentment at this unfairness, even anger.

① it is necessary to have breakfast to activate brain activities < 보 기 >

② you need to get rid of the habit of procrastinating on to / much / is it / but / feeling this /
what you have to do are / that / for others / painful / this /
③ you should be strategic about scheduling your difficult not only / worse / we / to see / it is
work early in the day
④ you had better spend the morning time improving your
physical health to cope with many tasks
⑤ it is efficient for you to deal with the demanding work [끝]
in the afternoon rather than in the morning
7/7
이 시험문제의 저작권은 덕원여자고등학교에 있습니다. 저작권법에 의해 보호받는 저작물이므로 전재와 복제는 금지되며, 이를 어길시 저작권법에 의거 처벌될 수 있습니다.