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31 views6 pages

Quizzes Solutions

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6are8alnmr
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Engineering Math

Spring 2022

Quizzes Solutions

Quiz 1

Q1. Solve the following differential equations, given that y(0)=1.

𝑑𝑦
= 𝑥 2 𝑒 −𝑦
𝑑𝑥

𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

e dy   x 2 dx
y

1 3
ey  x C
3
Substituting the initial conditions, we get:
1
e 1  ( 0)  C  C  e
3
This gives the particular solution:
1 3 1 
ey  x  e  y  ln x 3  e 
3 3 

Q2. For the following differential equation,


i. Determine whether the equation is exact or not
ii. Solve the equation

(3x2y + ey) dx + (x3 + xey – 2y)dy=0

M
M(x,y) = 3x2y + ey ;  3x 2  e y
y

N
N(x,y) = x3 + xey – 2y;  3x 2  e y
x

M N
  the equation is exact.
y x
f
Let  3x 2 y  e y  f (x, y)  x 3 y  xe y  g(y)
x

Let g’(y) = –2y  g(y) = –y2

Substituting this value of f(x,y) and g(y) we get this solution:

x3y + xey – y2 = c
Quiz 2

(1) Given the following differential equation:


𝑑2𝑦
− 25 𝑦 = 20𝑒 5𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
Choose the best complete solution for this differential equation. (1 mark)

(a) 𝐶1 𝑒 5𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −5𝑥 +𝐶3 𝑒 5𝑥

(b) 𝐶1 𝑒 5𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑥𝑒 5𝑥 +𝐶3 𝑥 2 𝑒 5𝑥

(c) 𝐶1 𝑒 5𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −5𝑥 +𝐶3 𝑥𝑒 5𝑥

(d) 𝐶1 𝑒 5𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −5𝑥 +𝐶3 𝑥𝑒 5𝑥 +𝐶4 𝑥𝑒 −5𝑥

(e) 𝐶1 𝑒 5𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑒 −5𝑥 +𝐶3 𝑥𝑒 5𝑥 +𝐶4 𝑥 2 𝑒 5𝑥

(2) Find the complete solution of the following differential equation. (9 marks)

𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
2
+ + 2.5 𝑦 = 17𝑒 2𝑥 + 5𝑥 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
The characteristics equation is: λ2 + λ + 2.5 = 0,

which has 2 complex roots: –0.5 ± 1.5i

Hence the general solution is:


𝑦𝐻 = 𝑒 −0.5𝑥 (𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 1.5𝑥 + 𝐵 𝑠𝑖𝑛 1.5𝑥)

First, with 𝑓(𝑥) = 17𝑒 2𝑥 , we try the particular solution


𝑦𝑃1 (𝑥) = 𝑘𝑒 2𝑥
Hence, 𝑦𝑃1 ′(𝑥) = 2𝑘𝑒 2𝑥 and 𝑦𝑃1 "(𝑥) = 4𝑘𝑒 2𝑥
We substitute y P1 , y P1 ' and yP1" into the given equation:

4𝑘𝑒 2𝑥 + 2𝑘𝑒 2𝑥 + 2.5𝑘𝑒 2𝑥 = 17𝑒 2𝑥


This gives
k=2
Hence
𝑦𝑃1 (𝑥) = 2𝑒 2𝑥
Secondly, with 𝑓(𝑥) = 5𝑥 2 , we try the particular solution
𝑦𝑃2 (𝑥) = 𝑘0 + 𝑘1 𝑥 + 𝑘2 𝑥 2
Hence, 𝑦𝑃2 ′(𝑥) = 𝑘1 + 2𝑘2 𝑥 and 𝑦𝑃2 "(𝑥) = 2𝑘2
We substitute y P , y P ' and y P " into the given equation:

2𝑘2 + 𝑘1 + 2𝑘2 𝑥 + 2.5𝑘0 + 2.5𝑘1 𝑥 + 2.5𝑘2 𝑥 2 = 5𝑥2


This gives
𝑘0 = −0.96, 𝑘1 = −1.6, 𝑘2 = 2
Hence
𝑦𝑃2 (𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 − 1.6𝑥 − 0.96

𝑦 = 𝑒 −0.5𝑥 (𝐴 𝑐𝑜𝑠 1.5𝑥 + 𝐵 𝑠𝑖𝑛 1.5𝑥) + 2𝑒 2𝑥 + 2𝑥 2 − 1.6 𝑥 − 0.96


Quiz 3

(1) For the following periodic function:


1
𝑘 |𝑥| 0 ≤ |𝑥| ≤ 2
2
f (x) = {
𝑘 2 ≤ |𝑥| ≤ 3
Which Fourier Series coefficients must be equal to zero?

(a) 𝑎𝑛

(b) 𝑏𝑛

(c) 𝑁𝑜𝑛𝑒

(2) Find the Fourier Series for the following periodic function

−2 −𝜋 < 𝑥 < 0
f (x) = {
4 0 < 𝑥< 𝜋
Fourier Series of f(t) is given by:

f (t )  a0   an cos nx  bn sin nx
n1

Now,
 
1  
0
1
a0 
2  f ( x)dx  2   2 dx  0 4 dx  1
 0 
1 1 1
an 
 

f ( x) cos nxdx 
   2 cos nxdx 

  4 cos nxdx
0


 2  sin nx 
0
4  sin nx 
=   0
 
  n     n  0
 0 
1 1 1
bn 
  f ( x) sin nxdx     2 sin nxdx    4 sin nxdx
  0

0 
2  cos nx  4  cos nx  6
  
  n   
  n   n (1  cos n )
0

That is
6 12 6
b1  (1  cos )  b2  (1  cos 2 )  0 and so on
  2
Since a 0  1 and a n  0 for all n  1,2,3,... , the Fourier series, is given by:

f (t )  1   bn sin nx
n 1

12 4
1 sin x  sin 3 x  ...
 

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