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Revision – Physics 8E
1. This question is about scalar quantities and vector quantities.
i. Give a similarity and a difference for scalar quantities and vector quantities.
a. Similarity

b. Difference

ii. The box gives some physical quantities.

Draw a circle around each physical quantity that is a scalar.

The diagram shows four forces acting on an object.

iii. Calculate the size and direction of the resultant force.

2. A student conducts an experiment to investigate how the height of a ramp affects the average speed of a toy
car. The diagram shows the setup used by the student.
The student uses the following method:
1. Set the ramp at a specific height and place a toy car at the top of the ramp.
2. Release the car from rest, allowing it to roll down the ramp.
3. Measure the time taken for the car to travel a set distance along the ramp.
4. Record the height of the ramp and the time taken for the car to travel this distance.

i. Describe how student can determine the average speed of the toy car.

ii. Select a logical prediction for this investigation.

As the height of the ramp increases, the average speed of the marble will decrease.
As the height of the ramp increases, the average speed of the marble will stay the same.
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As the height of the ramp increases, the average speed of the marble will also increase

The student then increases the ramp height and repeats the steps to gather data at different ramp
heights.
The following data is collected by the student:

Height of the Average speed of the toy car (m/s)

ramp (m) Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 mean
0.05 0.48 0.46 0.44 0.46
0.10 0.61 0.61 0.59 …………
0.15 0.76 0.73 0.75 0.75
0.20 0.82 0.81 0.98 0.82
0.25 1.08 1.06 1.04 1.06
iii. Calculate the mean speed when the height of the ramp is 0.10m.

iv. Plot the results on grid below (Speed against starting height).
Draw a line/curve of best fit.

v. Describe how the speed of the toy car varies with the changes in height made by the student.

vi. The student predicted that there would be a linear relationship between the height of the ramp and
the average speed of a toy car rolling down the ramp. Was the student's prediction correct?
Select yes or no and a reason.

yes
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no
A linear relationship is represented by a straight line of best fit, but the line of best fit on
the graph is curved.
A linear relationship is represented by a curved line of best fit, and the line of best fit on
the graph is curved.

vii. Select two control variables for this investigation.

distance from the ramp that a toy car travels

mass of the toy car
height of the ramp
surface material of the ramp

viii. What is the independent variable in this investigation?

height of the ramp (cm)

average speed of the marble (m/s)
length of the ramp (m)

ix. What can the student do to improve the accuracy of data?

x. Which equation do you use to calculate speed?

xi. A hazard is something that presents possible danger. Identify one hazard in this investigation.

3.

The graph shows the distance a person walked on a short journey.

Choose from the phrases listed to complete the statements which follow. You may use each statement once,
more than once or not at all.
standing still
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walking at constant speed

walking with an increasing speed
walking with a decreasing speed

i. Between points A and B the person is

................................................................................................................... Between points B and C the
person is ................................................................................................................... Complete the
sentence.
ii. You can tell that the speed of the person between points A and B is ................ than the speed between
points C and D because ..............................................
iii. Write the equation which relates distance, speed and time.

4. a. The velocity-time graph represents the journey of a car traveling along a straight road.
Describe the motion of the car during section A of the graph

b. Answers the questions below by looking at the diagram below.

i. The change in velocity during section A of the graph is ___m/s.

ii. Calculate the acceleration in the section A.

iii. Calculate the distance travelled by the car throught the journey.
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5. Diagram 1 shows a van accelerating along a horizontal road. The horizontal forces acting on the van are shown.

i. Force X opposes the motion of the van. State the name of force X.

ii. The resultant force acting on the van is 1500 N. Calculate the magnitude of force X. [assume X is the
only horizontal force opposing the motion of the van]

Diagram 2 shows the resultant force acting on the van when it brakes.

i. State the formula linking resultant force, mass and acceleration.

ii. The mass of the van is 1900kg. Calculate the acceleration of the van when it brakes. Give the unit

iii. The van was travelling at an initial speed of 18m/s before braking and coming to rest. Calculate the
distance travelled by the van while it is braking. [assume that the acceleration remains constant]

6. A car is moving along a road.

The car has an initial velocity of 26 m / s.
The car then accelerates at 1. 2 m / s2 until it reaches a velocity of 35 m / s.
i. State the formula linking acceleration, change in velocity and time taken.

ii. Calculate the time taken for the car to accelerate to 35 m/s.

7. A car accelerated down a straight road at 5 m/s2. The car

started from rest and reached a velocity of 25 m/s. Calculate
the distance the car travelled while it was accelerating.
Give your answer in metres to 3 significant figures, but don't
include the unit.
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8. A go-kart accelerates from 6.4 m/s to 9 m/s over a 20 m

section of track. Calculate the acceleration of the go-kart
in m/s².

9. i. A force is either a push or a pull. True or false?

true
false
ii. A force can change the . . .

speed, shape or colour of an object

speed or direction of an object.
speed, direction or shape of an object.
speed or shape of an object.

iii. Name the forces in the diagram.

A

iv. When the forces acting on an object are balanced, the object will be. . .

stationary.
moving at a constant speed.
stationary or moving at a constant speed.
accelerating.

v. A car traveling at a constant speed has a forward thrust of 7

N and experiences air resistance at a force of 7 N. If the
forward thrust from the engine decreases to 4 N, the car will . .
.

speed up.
slow down.
carry on traveling at a constant speed.
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vi. In which of these situations is friction helpful?

between the soles of our shoes and the floor

between the blade of an ice skate and the ice
between tyres of a car and the road
between the axle and the frame of a bike

vii. How do two surfaces moving against each other create

friction?
by slowing down the movement
little bumps on each surface catch on each
other
by preventing the surfaces from slipping

viii. The force of friction is smallest . . .

between two rough surfaces.
between two smooth surfaces.
between a smooth surface and a rough
surface

ix. How do particles in the air create air resistance against a

moving object?

Particles in the air collide with the

moving object, exerting force upon it.
Wind exerts a force on the moving
object, blowing the object backwards.

x. How do particles in water create water resistance against a moving object?

xi. How does the speed of a moving object affect the size of the resistive force acting on the object?

The greater the speed of the moving object, the greater the resistive force
acting on the object.
The greater the speed of the moving object, the lesser the resistive force acting
on the object.
The speed of a moving object does not affect the size of the resistive force.
10.

a) (i) Draw an arrow on the rope to show the direction of the force of the rope on the sledge.
Label the arrow R.
(ii) Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of the force of gravity on the sledge.
Label the arrow G.
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b) Force F is the friction between the sledge and the snow. Sally then pulled the sledge over a concrete path.
Friction is less on snow than on concrete.
Give the reason for this.

11. i. An Olympic target shooter fires a rifle at a target. A resulting force of 4,400 N acts on the bullet, causing
it to accelerate at a constant rate of 440,000 m/s 2 . Calculate the mass of the bullet in grams.

ii. A 260 kg speed boat experiences a resulting force of 650 N. Calculate the acceleration of the speed
boat in m/s 2 .

iii. Graph shows how the acceleration of a car

with a mass of 1,560 kg changed over a 5
second period. Use the graph to determine
the force required from the car's engine to
produce the acceleration of the car after 4
seconds.
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12. i. Different springs have different spring constants. What is a spring constant?

ii. What equation correctly links force, spring constant and extension?

iii. Using the data in the table, calculate the spring constant of the spring in N/m.

iv. Using the data in the table, predict what the extension of the spring will be when a force of 1.5 N is
applied to it.

v. Use the graph to calculate the spring constant of the spring in N/m.

vi. What is the relationship between the two variables on the above graph?

vii. At what force was the elastic band's limit of proportionality exceeded?
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viii. A student is investigating the effect of force applied on the extension of a spring. The student sets up
the equipment as shown in the image. What mistake did the student make when setting up the
equipment, and how will it affect their measurements?

ix. In this investigation, masses are added to the spring to provide different forces. Which equation
should you use to convert mass to weight?

x. What is the independent variable in this investigation?

xi. A student measured the original length of a spring, and then he measured its (stretched) length after
applying different weights. Did the student correctly calculate the extension using their
measurements? Explain your answer.

xii. How does attaching a pointer to the bottom of the spring improve the accuracy of your
measurements?
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A student investigated the relationship between the force applied to the spring and the extension of the
spring for two different springs.
Which spring was more difficult to stretch? How do you know?

What does the elastic limit mean?