ORDRE DES INGÉNIEURS DU QUÉBEC
MAY 2013 SESSION
Open-book examination
Calculators : only authorized models
Duration : 3 hours
07-Mec-A1
Applied Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer
Problem # 1 (20 points)
An ideal Diesel cycle has a compression ratio r = 15. At the beginning of compression process, air
is at 380 K and 200 kPa. The cutoff ratio rc during the heat-addition process is equal to 2.0. Show
the cycle on the P-v and T-s diagrams and determine:
a) the maximal temperature of the cycle (6 points);
b) the maximal pressure of the cycle (6 points);
c) the thermal efficiency of the cycle (8 points).
Use the variable specific heats Cv and Cp for air
Problem # 2 (20 points)
A regenerative gas power plant operates on a Brayton cycle. Air enters the compressor at 300 K
and 100 kPa where it is compressed to 1200 kPa and 650 K. The air enters the turbine at 1400 K.
The isentropic efficiency of the turbine is 80 %. Heat is transferred to the cycle at a rate of 10
MW. Show the cycle on the T-s diagram (2%) and determine:
a) the isentropic efficiency of the compressor (4 points);
b) the regenerator effectiveness (ε) (6 points);
c) the volumetric flow rate of air enters the compressor (4 points);
d) the thermal efficiency of the cycle (4 points).
Use the variable specific heats Cp and Cv for air.
Problem # 3 (20 points)
Hot air flows with a mass rate of 0.05 kg/s through an uninsulated sheet metal duct of diameter
D = 0.15 m, which is in the no heating space of a house. The hot air enters at 103 oC and, after a
distance of L = 5 m, cools to 77 oC. The heat transfer coefficient between the duct outer surface
and ambient air T∞ = 0 oC is known to be ho = 6 W/m2 K and it is uniform at outer surface of
duct. Neglecting the duct wall thermal resistance, determine:
1
a) The heat loss (W) from the duct over the length L (10 points);
b) The heat flux and the duct surface temperature at x = L (10 points).
Problem # 4 (20 points)
Turbine 1 Turbine 2
4 A steam power plant operates on an
ideal reheat-regenerative Rankine cycle
with one reheater and one open
Boiler
feedwater heater is shown schematically
5
6
here.
7
Steam enters the first turbine (4) at 8 MPa
and 550 oC and leaves (5) at 2 MPa. At
Condenser
this pressure some steam is extracted
(see diagram) to the open feedwater
heater. The feedwater leaves the open
feedwater heater as a saturate liquid (8).
Open FWH
2 Steam is then reheated to 500 oC (6) and
3 1
Pump 1 heat transferred to the steam during the
8
reheat process is at a rate of 10000 kW.
Pump 2
Then the steam expands to 20 kPa in the
second turbine (7). Show the cycle on a T-s diagram (3 points), complete the attached table
(3 points) (except the shaded cells) and determine:
a) the mass flow rate of steam enters the first turbine (4) (3 points);
b) the fraction y and the mass flow rate of steam extracted to the open feedwater heater
(4 points);
c) the heat rejected by the condenser (in kJ/kg and in kW) (4 points);
d) the thermal efficiency of the cycle (3 points).
pressure kPa x (steam quality) enthalpy kJ/kg entropy kJ/kgK
1 20 0.0 251.40
2 2000 253.41
3 8 000 915.85
4 8 000 3521.00 6.8778
5 2 000
6 2 000
7 20
8 2 000 0.0
2
Problem #5 (20 points)
Figure shows the schematic diagram
P = 100kPa 5
T = 20 o C
6 of a residential heat pump system
V = 0.42 m3 /s Heated air
T = 50 o C operating at steady state using
from house refrigerant R-134a as a working fluid.
2
The property data at the numbered
3 states of refrigerant and air through the
P = 1400kPa
Condenser T = 70 o C
P = 1400kPa condenser and evaporator are given on
T = 28 o C the figure. The compressor operates
WC
adiabatically. Kinetic and potential
energy changes are negligible as are
1 changes in pressure of the streams
P = 200 kPa P = 200kPa passing through the condenser and
4 Evaporator T = -5 o C
evaporator. Show the cycle on the T-s
diagram (4 points) and determine:
Outside air
-12 o C 0oC
a) The power required by the compressor, in kW, and the isentropic compressor efficiency (8
points);
b) The coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump (6 points);
c) The mass flow rate of air through the evaporator (2 points).
3
4
5
6
7
