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Statistical Assignment-02 .

1. A cavity contains blackbody radiation in equilibrium at temperature T. The specific heat per
unit volume of the photon gas in the cavity is of the form 𝐶𝐶𝑉𝑉 = 𝛾𝛾𝑇𝑇3 where 𝛾𝛾 is a constant. The
cavity is expanded to twice its original volume and then allowed to equilibrate at the same
temperature T. The new internal energy per unit volume is : [NET June 2011]
𝛾𝛾𝑇𝑇 4
(a) 4𝛾𝛾𝑇𝑇 4 (b) 2𝛾𝛾𝑇𝑇 4 (c) (d) 𝛾𝛾𝑇𝑇 4
4

2. Consider a system of non-interacting particles in 𝑑𝑑 dimoensions obeying the dispersion

relation 𝜀𝜀 = 𝐴𝐴𝑘𝑘 𝑠𝑠 , where 𝜀𝜀 is the energy, 𝑘𝑘 is the wavevector, ‘𝑠𝑠’ is an integer and 𝐴𝐴 a constant.
The density of states, 𝑁𝑁(𝜀𝜀) , is proportional to [NET June 2012]
1 𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑑 𝑠𝑠
(a) 𝜀𝜀 𝑑𝑑−1 (b) 𝜀𝜀 𝑠𝑠 +1 (c) 𝜀𝜀 𝑠𝑠 −1 (d) 𝜀𝜀 𝑑𝑑−𝑠𝑠
3. Consider black body radiation contained in a cavity whose walls are at temperature T. The
radiation is in equilibrium with the walls of the cavity. If the temperature of the walls is
increased to 2𝑇𝑇 and the radiation is allowed to come to equilibrium at the new temperature,
the entropy of the radiation increases by a factor of: [NET June 2012]
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8 (d) 16

4. A system of 𝑁𝑁 distinguishable particles each of which can be in one of the two energy levels
0 and 𝑒𝑒, has a total energy 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛, where 𝑛𝑛 is an integer. The entropy of the system is proportional
to. [NET June 2015]
𝑁𝑁! 𝑁𝑁!
(a) 𝑁𝑁ℓ𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 (b) 𝑛𝑛ℓ𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 (c) ℓ𝑛𝑛 � � (d) ℓ𝑛𝑛 � �
𝑛𝑛! 𝑛𝑛!(𝑁𝑁−𝑛𝑛)!

5. For a system of independent non-interacting one dimensional oscillators, the value of the
free energy per oscillator, in the limit 𝑇𝑇 → 0 is [NET Dec. 2015]
1 3
(a) ℏ𝜔𝜔 (b) ℏ𝜔𝜔 (c) ℏ𝜔𝜔 (d) 0
2 2

6. The partition function of a system of 𝑁𝑁 using spins is 𝑍𝑍 = 𝜆𝜆𝑁𝑁 𝑁𝑁

1 + 𝜆𝜆2 , where 𝜆𝜆1 and 𝜆𝜆2 are
functions of temperature, but are independent of 𝑁𝑁. If 𝜆𝜆1 > 𝜆𝜆2 the free energy per spin in the
limit 𝑁𝑁 → ∞ is [NET Dec. 2015]
𝜆𝜆
(a) −𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇 ln �𝜆𝜆1 � (b) −𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇 ln 𝜆𝜆2 (c) −𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇 ln (𝜆𝜆1 𝜆𝜆2 ) (d) −𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇 ln 𝜆𝜆1
2

7. Which of the following graphs shows the qualitative dependence of the free energy 𝑓𝑓(ℎ, 𝑇𝑇)
of a ferromagnet in an external magnetic field ℎ, and at a fixed temperature 𝑇𝑇 < 𝑇𝑇𝑐𝑐 where 𝑇𝑇𝑐𝑐
is the critical temperature?

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8. Consider, a random walker on a square lattice. At each step the walker moves to a nearest
neighbor site with equal probability for each of the four sites. The walker starts at the origin
and takes 3 steps. The probability that during this walk no site is visited more than once is
[NET Dec. 2015]
(a) 12/27 (b) 27/64 (c) 3/8 (d) 9/16

9. Consider a gas of Cs atoms at a number density of 1012 atoms/cc. When the typical inter-
particle distance is equal to the thermal de-Broglie wavelength of the particles, the
temperature of the gas is nearest to (Take the mass of a Cs atom to be 22.7 × 10−26 𝑘𝑘𝑘𝑘)
[NET June 2016]

(a) 1 × 10−9 𝐾𝐾 (b) 7 × 10−5 𝐾𝐾 (c) 1 × 10−3 𝐾𝐾 (d) 2 × 10−8 𝐾𝐾

10. The internal energy 𝐸𝐸(𝑇𝑇) of a system at a fixed volume is found to depend on the
temperature 𝑇𝑇 as 𝐸𝐸(𝑇𝑇) = 𝑎𝑎𝑇𝑇 2 + 𝑏𝑏𝑇𝑇 4 . Then the entropy 𝑆𝑆(𝑇𝑇) , as a function of temperature,
is [NET June 2016]
1 1 4
(a) 𝑎𝑎𝑇𝑇 2 + 𝑏𝑏𝑇𝑇 4 (b) 2𝑎𝑎𝑇𝑇 2 + 4𝑏𝑏𝑇𝑇 4 (c) 2𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑇𝑇 3 (d) 2𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 2𝑏𝑏𝑇𝑇 3
2 4 3

11. Consider an ideal Bose gas in three dimensions with the energy-momentum relation 𝜀𝜀 ∝
𝑝𝑝 𝑠𝑠 with 𝑠𝑠 > 0. The range of 𝑠𝑠 for which this system may undergo a Bose-Einstein
condensation at a non-zero temperature is: [CSIR June 2011]
(a) 1 < 𝑠𝑠 < 3 (b) 0 < 𝑠𝑠 < 2 (c) 0 < 𝑠𝑠 < 3 (d) 0 < 𝑠𝑠 < ∞
12. The excitation of a three-dimensional solid are bosonic in nature with their frequency ω
and wave-number 𝑘𝑘 are related by 𝜔𝜔 ∝ 𝑘𝑘 2 in the large wavelength limit. If the chemical
potential is zero, the behavior of the specific heat of the system at low temperature is
proportional to [CSIR June 2011]

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(a) 𝑇𝑇1/2 (b) 𝑇𝑇 (c) 𝑇𝑇3/2 (d) 𝑇𝑇3

𝑏𝑏𝑆𝑆 3
13. The internal energy 𝐸𝐸 of a system is given by 𝐸𝐸 = , where 𝑏𝑏 is a constant and other
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉
symbols have their usual meaning. The temperature of this system is equal to
[CSIR Dec. 2011]
𝑏𝑏𝑆𝑆 2 3𝑏𝑏𝑆𝑆 2 𝑏𝑏𝑆𝑆 3 𝑆𝑆 2
(a) (b) (c) 𝑉𝑉 3 𝑁𝑁 (d) �𝑁𝑁�
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉

14. If the number density of a free electron gas in three dimensions is increased eight times,
its Fermi temperature will [CSIR Dec. 2011]
(a) increase by a factor of 4 (b) decrease by a factor of 4
(c) increase by a factor of 8 (d) decrease by a factor of 8
15. The number of ways in which 𝑁𝑁 identical bosons can be distributed in two energy levels,
is [NET June 2012]
(a) 𝑁𝑁 + 1 (b) 𝑁𝑁(𝑁𝑁 − 1)/2 (c) 𝑁𝑁(𝑁𝑁 + 1)/2 (d) 𝑁𝑁

16. The free energy of a gas 𝑁𝑁 particles in a volume 𝑉𝑉 and at a temperature 𝑇𝑇 is 𝐹𝐹 =

𝑁𝑁𝐾𝐾𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇 ln [𝑎𝑎0 𝑉𝑉(𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇)5/2 /𝑁𝑁], where 𝑎𝑎0 is a constant and 𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 denotes the Boltzmann constant.
The internal energy of gas is [NET June 2012]
3 5
(a) 𝑁𝑁𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇 (b) 𝑁𝑁𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇
2 2
3
(c) 𝑁𝑁𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇 ln [𝑎𝑎0 𝑉𝑉(𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇)5/2 /𝑁𝑁] − 𝑁𝑁𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇 (d) 𝑁𝑁𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇 ln [𝑎𝑎0 𝑉𝑉/(𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇)5/2]
2

17. The entropy of a system, 𝑆𝑆, is related to the accessible phase space volume 𝛤𝛤 by 𝑆𝑆 =
𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 ℓ𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛(𝐸𝐸, 𝑁𝑁, 𝑉𝑉) where 𝐸𝐸, 𝑁𝑁 and V are the energy, number of particles and volume
respectively. From this one can conclude that 𝛤𝛤 [CSIR Dec. 2012]
(a) does not change during evolution to equilibrium
(b) Oscillates during evolution to equilibrium
(c) Is a maximum in equilibrium
(d) Is a minimum in equilibrium
18. If the energy dispersion of a two-dimensional electron system is 𝐸𝐸 = 𝑢𝑢ℏ𝑘𝑘 where 𝑢𝑢 is the
velocity and 𝑘𝑘 is the momentum, then the density of states 𝐷𝐷(𝐸𝐸) depends on the energy as
[CSIR June 2013]

(a) 1/√𝐸𝐸 (b) √𝐸𝐸 (c) 𝐸𝐸 (d) constant

19. Two different thermodynamic systems are described by the following equations of state:
1 3𝑅𝑅𝑁𝑁 (1) 1 5𝑅𝑅𝑁𝑁 (2)
= and = where 𝑇𝑇(1,2) , 𝑁𝑁(1,2) and 𝑈𝑈(1,2) are respectively, the
𝑇𝑇 (1) 2𝑈𝑈 (1) 𝑇𝑇 〈2) 2𝑈𝑈 〈2)

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temperatures, the mole numbers and the internal energies of the two systems, and 𝑅𝑅 is the
gas constant. Let 𝑈𝑈𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 , denote the total energy when these two systems are put in contact
𝑈𝑈 (1)
and attain thermal equilibrium. The ratio 𝑈𝑈 is [NET Dec. 2013]
𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡

5𝑁𝑁 (2) 3𝑁𝑁 (1) 𝑁𝑁 〈1) 𝑁𝑁 (2)

(a) 3𝑁𝑁〈1)+5𝑁𝑁〈2) (b) 3𝑁𝑁(1)+5𝑁𝑁〈2) (c) 𝑁𝑁(1)+𝑁𝑁(2) (d) 𝑁𝑁(1)+𝑁𝑁〈2)

20. The entropy 𝑆𝑆 of a thermodynamic system as a function of energy 𝐸𝐸 is given by the

following graph

The temperatures of the phases 𝐴𝐴, 𝐵𝐵 and 𝐶𝐶, denoted by 𝑇𝑇𝐴𝐴, 𝑇𝑇𝐵𝐵 and 𝑇𝑇𝐶𝐶, respectively, satisfy
the following inequalities: [NET Dec. 2013]
(a) 𝑇𝑇𝐶𝐶 > 𝑇𝑇𝐵𝐵 > 𝑇𝑇𝐴𝐴 (b) 𝑇𝑇𝐴𝐴 > 𝑇𝑇𝐶𝐶 > 𝑇𝑇𝐵𝐵 (c) 𝑇𝑇𝐵𝐵 > 𝑇𝑇𝐶𝐶 > 𝑇𝑇𝐴𝐴 (d) 𝑇𝑇𝐵𝐵 > 𝑇𝑇𝐴𝐴 > 𝑇𝑇𝐶𝐶
21. Consider the melting transition of ice into water at constant pressure. Which of the
following thermodynamic quantities does not exhibit a discontinuous change across the
phase transition? [CSIR Dec. 2013]
(a) internal energy (b) Helmholtz free energy
(c) Gibbs free energy (d) entropy
22. The pressure of a non-relativistic free Fermi gas in three-dimensions depends, at 𝑇𝑇 = 0,
on the density of fermions 𝑛𝑛 as [CSIR June 2014]

(a) 𝑛𝑛5/3 (b) 𝑛𝑛1/3 (c) 𝑛𝑛2/3 (d) 𝑛𝑛4/3

23. A thermodynamic function 𝐺𝐺(𝑇𝑇, 𝑃𝑃, 𝑁𝑁) = 𝑈𝑈 − 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 + 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 is given in terms of the internal
energy 𝑈𝑈, temperature 𝑇𝑇, entropy 𝑆𝑆, pressure 𝑃𝑃, volume 𝑉𝑉 and the number of particles N.
Which of the following relations is true? (In the following 𝜇𝜇 is the chemical potential).
[NET June 2017]
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
(a) 𝑆𝑆 = − � (b) 𝑆𝑆 = � (c) 𝑉𝑉 = − � (d) 𝜇𝜇 = − �
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑁𝑁,𝑃𝑃 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑁𝑁,𝑃𝑃 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑁𝑁,𝑇𝑇 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑃𝑃,𝑇𝑇

24. A gas of photons inside a cavity of volume V is in equilibrium at temperature T. If the

temperature of the cavity is changed to 2𝑇𝑇, the radiation pressure will change by a factor of
[NET June 2017]
(a) 2 (b) 16 (c) 8 (d) 4

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25. In a thermodynamic system in equilibrium, each molecule can exist in three possible states
1 1 1
with probabilities , and respectively. The entropy per molecule is [NET June 2017]
2 3 6
1 2
(a) 𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 ln 3 (b) 𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 ln 2 + 𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 ln 3
2 3
2 1 1 1
(c) 𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 ln 2 + 𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 ln 3 (d) 𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 ln 2 + 𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 ln 3
3 2 2 6

26. Consider a quantum system of non-interacting bosons in contact with a particle bath. The
probability of finding no particle in a given single particle quantum state is 10−6 . The average
number of particles in that state is of the order of [NET Dec. 2017]

(a) 103 (b) 106 (c) 109 (d) 1012

27. A closed system having three non-degenerate energy levels with energies 𝐸𝐸 = 0, ±𝜀𝜀, is
at temperature 𝑇𝑇. For 𝜀𝜀 = 2𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇, the probability of finding the system in the state with
energy 𝐸𝐸 = 0, is [NET Dec. 2017]
1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) cosh2 (d)
(1+2cosh 2) (2cosh 2) 2 cosh 2

28. The relation between the internal energy 𝑈𝑈, entropy 𝑆𝑆, temperature 𝑇𝑇, pressure 𝑃𝑃,
volume 𝑉𝑉, chemical potential 𝜇𝜇 and number of particles 𝑁𝑁 of a thermodynamic system is
𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑 = 𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇𝑇 − 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 + 𝜇𝜇𝜇𝜇𝜇𝜇. That 𝑈𝑈 is an exact differential implies that [NET Dec. 2017]
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕
(a) − � = � (b) 𝑃𝑃 � = 𝑆𝑆 �
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑉𝑉,𝑁𝑁 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑆𝑆,𝑁𝑁 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑆𝑆,𝑁𝑁 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑆𝑆,𝜇𝜇

𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 1 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕

(c) 𝑃𝑃 � =− � (d) � = �
𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑆𝑆,𝑁𝑁 𝑇𝑇 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑆𝑆,𝜇𝜇 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑉𝑉,𝑁𝑁 𝜕𝜕𝜕𝜕 𝑆𝑆,𝑁𝑁

29. Which of the following statements concerning the coefficient of volume expansion 𝛼𝛼 and
the isothermal compressibility 𝜅𝜅 of a solid is true? [NET June 2018]
(a) 𝛼𝛼 and 𝜅𝜅 are both intensive variables.
(b) 𝛼𝛼 is an intensive and 𝜅𝜅 is an extensive variable.
(c) 𝛼𝛼 is an extensive and 𝜅𝜅 is an intensive variable.

(d) 𝛼𝛼 and 𝜅𝜅 are both extensive variables.

30. The number of ways of disturbing 11 indistinguishable bosons in 3 different energy levels
is [NET June 2018]
(13)! (11)!
(a) 311 (b) 113 (c) (d)
2!(11)! 3!8!

31. In a system of 𝑁𝑁 distinguishable pamcles, each panicle can be in one of two states with
energies 0 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 − 𝐸𝐸, respectively. The mean energy of the system at temperature 𝑇𝑇, is
[NET June 2018]

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1 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁
(a) − 𝑁𝑁(1 + 𝑒𝑒 𝐸𝐸/𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵𝑇𝑇 ) (b) −
2 (1+𝑒𝑒 𝐸𝐸/𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇 )

1 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁
(c) − 𝑁𝑁𝑁𝑁 (d) −
2 (1+𝑒𝑒 −𝐸𝐸/𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇 )

32. The heat capacity 𝐶𝐶𝑉𝑉 at constant volume of a metal, as a function of temperature, is 𝛼𝛼𝛼𝛼 +
𝛽𝛽𝑇𝑇 3 , where 𝛼𝛼 and 𝛽𝛽 are constants. The temperature dependence of the entropy at constant
volume is [NET Dec. 2018]
1 1 1 1 1
(a) 𝛼𝛼𝛼𝛼 + 𝛽𝛽𝑇𝑇 3 (b) 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝛽𝛽𝑇𝑇 3 (c) 𝛼𝛼𝛼𝛼 + 𝛽𝛽𝑇𝑇 3 (d) 𝛼𝛼𝛼𝛼 + 𝛽𝛽𝑇𝑇 3
3 2 3 2 4

33. In a system comprising of approximately 1023 distinguishable particles, each particle may
occupy any of 20 distinct states. The maximum value of the entropy per particle is nearest to
[NET June 2019]
(a) 20𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 (b) 3𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 (c)10(ln 2)𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 (d) 20(ln 2)𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵
34. Consider black body radiation in thermal equilibrium contained in a two-dimensional box.
The dependence of the energy density on the temperature 𝑇𝑇 is [NET Dec. 2019]

(a) 𝑇𝑇3 (b) 𝑇𝑇 (c) 𝑇𝑇2 (d) 𝑇𝑇4

35. For 𝑇𝑇 much less than the Debye temperature of copper, the temperature dependence of
the specific heat at constant volume of copper, is given by (in the following 𝑎𝑎 and 𝑏𝑏 are
positive constants) [NET Dec. 2019]
𝑎𝑎
(a) 𝑎𝑎𝑇𝑇 3 (b) 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 + 𝑏𝑏𝑇𝑇 3 (c) 𝑎𝑎𝑇𝑇 2 + 𝑏𝑏𝑇𝑇 3 (d) exp �− �
𝑘𝑘𝐵𝐵 𝑇𝑇

36. There are 𝑛𝑛 distinguishable balls which are to be put in 𝑛𝑛 boxes, where each box can
contain at most (𝑛𝑛 − 1) balls. The number of ways in which the balls can be distributed in
the boxes is [NET Dec. 2019]
(a) 𝑛𝑛(𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛−1 − 1) (b) (𝑛𝑛 − 1)𝑛𝑛 (c) 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛−1 (d) 𝑛𝑛! − 𝑛𝑛

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Quanta Institute Page |7

Answer Key

1 C 11 C 21 C 31 D
2 C 12 C 22 A 32 A
3 C 13 B 23 A 33 B
4 D 14 A 24 B 34 A
5 A 15 A 25 C 35 B
6 D 16 B 26 B 36 A
7 B 17 C 27 A
8 D 18 C 28 A
9 D 19 B 29 A
10 C 20 C 30 C

Head Office:- 199 C, 2ND Floor, Basant Bahar Colony, Gate No. 3, Opp. To Bhandari Hospital, Gopalpura Mode, Jaipur - 302018
Website:- www.quantainstitute.com Email :- [email protected]
Contact:- 01416661072, 9136887760