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133 views30 pages

Functional Group PPT - 20241119 - 201628 - 0000

Uploaded by

opera118744
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SCIENCE 9

CLASSROOM RULES
Rule 1: Raise your hand
Rule 2: Be respectful
Rule 3: Nurture positive attitude
WHO AM I?
Who am I? I am double covalent bond,
unsaturated compound, my other name
is olefins.
WHO AM I?
Who am I? I am single covalent bond,
saturated hydrocarbon, and I can be
linear, branched, or cyclic.
WHO AM I?

Who am I? I am triple covalent bond,


and also known as acetylenic bond.
IDENTIFY ME!
Grade 9 Chemistry

FUNCTIONAL
GROUPS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students are expected to:

Explain the Relate the uses


Discuss the
uses of of functional
functional
functional group in daily
groups;
groups; and living.
GEMS OF WISDOM
Hydroxyl – the chemical group or ion
OH that consists of one atom of
hydrogen and one of oxygen.
Alcohol – an organic compound with a
hydroxyl (OH) functional group on an
aliphatic carbon atom.
GEMS OF WISDOM
Carbonyl – a functional group featuring a
double bond between a carbon atom and
an oxygen atom.
Aldehydes – any of a class of organic
compounds in which a carbon atom shares
a double bond with an oxygen atom.
GEMS OF WISDOM
Ketones - an organic compound in which
the carbonyl group is attached to a carbon
atom within the carbon chain.
ANO BA KASI?
A - Act Responsibly
N – Navigate Challenges Positively
D – Demonstrate Respect
R – Reach Out for Help
E – Encourage Teamwork
A – Aim for Growth
ANO BA KASI?
GUIDE QUESTION
1. What types of bonds are present in ethyl
alcohol, methyl alcohol, and in isopropyl
alcohol?
2. What are the common uses of acetone
and formalin?
A. HYDROXYL B. CARBONYL
GROUP GROUP
HYDROXYL GROUP
ALCOHOL
Alcohols have hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a
single bond alkyl group, alkane. If you are going to
observe the structures of ethyl, isopropyl, and methyl
alcohol, you will notice the hydroxyl group (-OH) in
their structures. Alcohols are chemically bonded to a
carbon atom in the compound.
ethyl alcohol isopropyl alcohol

methyl alcohol
HYDROXYL GROUP
They have special uses such as a reagent,
solvent, and disinfectant. Some are used as
cleaning agents, fuel, a few alcohols are used
as fuel for portable stoves or other types of
burners, and others are used as a main
component (ethyl alcohol) of liquor and other
alcoholic drinks.
CARBONYL GROUP
ALDEHYDES
The functional group of aldehyde is
composed of carbonyl bonded to a
hydrogen atom and a hydrocarbon
group. The simplest aldehyde is the
formaldehyde or methanal.
CARBONYL GROUP
Aldehydes contribute favorable odors of
essential oils like cilantro and vanillin.
The formaldehyde or methanal is used
as disinfectant and a preservative with a
pungent odor common in hospitals and
morgues.
Cilantro Vanilla
KETONES
KETONES
A ketone is a functional group characterized by a
carbonyl group linked to two other carbon atoms.
Ketones differ from aldehydes in that the carbonyl
is placed between two carbons rather than at the
end of a carbon chain. Acetone or propanone is
the simplest example of a ketone.
Acetone Propanone
KETONES
Carbonyl compounds like acetone, and formaldehyde
have a carbonyl functional group, C=O, which is
chemically bonded to a carbon atom in the compound.
These common carbonyl compounds also have
important uses: acetone is used as a cleaning agent like
a nail polish remover, and formaldehyde is used in
preserving organic materials like an animal specimen.
KETONES
This is also the compound used in embalming human
cadavers. Acetone and formalin are examples of simple
carbonyl containing compounds which have common
uses. Carbonyl containing compounds are organic
compounds that contain carbonyl functional group,
which is composed of a carbon atom double bonded
to an oxygen atom: C=O.
APPLICATION
Jaime scratched herself when her arm
bumped into the concrete post. What
do you think should she apply to make
her bruises free from harmful germs?
QUIZ TIME!
ASSIGNMENT
THANK YOU!
I hope you learn something
new today!

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