Tirkmlis _ batono levan, gasagebia, rom Tirkmlis

amiloidozi sistemuri amiloidozis erT-erTi

amiloidozi gamovlinebaa, Tu gvxvdeba is izolirebulad?
_ amiloidozi – umravles SemTxvevaSi siste-
muri daavadebaa; xasiaTdeba amiloidis (rTuli
miuxedavad imisa, rom amiloidis
cilovan-polisaqariduli kompleqsis) ujred-
aRmoCenis (gaxsnis) dRidan 140 welze
gare gamoyofiTa da Sedegad organoTa funqciis
metia gasuli da kvlevis Tanamedrove
moSliT. Tirkmelebis amiloidozi zogadi ami-
srulyofili meTodebis wyalobiT
loidozis gamovlinebaa. amiloidi, Cveulebriv,
sadReisod detalurad aris Seswavli-
lagdeba ZiriTad membranaSi, Tirkmlis gorgle-
li amiloiduri nivTierebis fiziku-
bisa da arteriolebis endoTeliums Soris da
ri, qimiuri da antigenuri Tvisebebi,
Tirkmlis milakebis ZiriTad membranaSi.
amiloidozis problemasTan dakavSi-
_ daavadebis ra etapze erTveba paTologiur
rebuli bevri sakiTxi jer kidev amouc-
procesSi Tirkmelebi, anu rodis viTardeba
nobia.
Tirkmlis amiloidozi?
sxvadasxva qveynis mosaxleobaSi
_ AL amiloidozis (pirveladi amiloidozis)
amiloidozis gavrceleba ramdenadme
dros SeiZleba daziandes rogorc erTi, ise ram-
gansxvavebulia. paTologanatomiuri
denime organo. metwilad erTdroulad ziandeba
monacemebiT, aSS-sa da evropis zo-
guli da Tirkmeli, saWmlis momnelebeli traq-
gierT qveyanaSi Tirkmlis amiloidozi
ti, periferiuli nervebi. am tipis amiloidozis
sakmaod gavrcelebulia (0,7%), maSin
dros pacientTa mesameds aReniSneba mniSvnelo-
roca aziis qveynebSi is iSviaTad gvxv-
vani proteinuria _ SardSi cilis arseboba, maSin
deba (0,2%-ze naklebi), rasac aRniSnul
roca organos dazianebis simptomebi umniSvne-
qveynebSi mosaxleobis kvebis Tavise-
N4

loa. pacientTa mesameds aReniSneba amiloidis

burebebiT, kerZod, sakveb racionSi
dagroveba gulSi, xolo meoTxeds _ RviZlsa da
cxoveluri cximebisa da qolesterinis
saWmlis momnelebel traqtSi.
dabali SemcvelobiT xsnian. espaneTsa
_ ra exmareba Tirkmelebis amiloidozis
(1,92 %) da portugaliaSi (1,43%) ami-
ganviTarebas?
loidozis farTod gavrcelebas memk-
_ AL amiloidozis dros Zvlis tvinis plaz-
vidrul faqtors ukavSireben (ojaxuri
muri ujredebi iwyeben paTologiuri cilis
amiloidozi).
gamomuSavebas. struqturis mixedviT, es cilebi
amiloidozi ZiriTadad Sua asakis
46

antisxeulebis nawilebia, romlebsac medicinaSi

mamakacebTan gvxvdeba, Tumca Tirkmlis
`msubuq jaWvebs~ uwodeben. amiloidozis dros
amiloidozis SemTxvevebi aRwerilia
antisxeulebis msubuqi jaWvebi mTel organizmSi
bavSvebTan da axalSobilebTanac ki.
cirkulirebs da sxvadasxva organoSi lagdeba.
Tirkmlis amiloidozis Sesaxeb
viTardeba organos amiloidozi. Tu amiloidis
gvesaubreba akademikos n. yifSiZis
Calageba ar Sewyda, sabolood organos ukma-
saxelobis centraluri sauniversiteto
risoba ganviTardeba. AL amiloidozis dros
klinikis (respublikuri saavadmyofos)
SeiZleba daziandes rogorc erTi, ise ramdenime
urologiis mimarTulebis xelmZRva-
organo. AA anu meoreuli amiloidozi qroniku-
neli levan donaZe:
li anTebiTi daavadebis an qronikuli infeqciis
dros viTardeba. amis magaliTia amiloidozis
aRmoceneba revmatoiduli arTritis, periodu-
li daavadebis, osteomielitis, tuberkulozis
an nawlavTa anTebiTi daavadebebis SemTxvevaSi.
AF amiloidozi (ojaxuri amiloidozi), ro-
gorc saxelwodebidanve Cans, memkvidreobiTia.
is arcTu iSviaTia. misi aRmocenebis mizezia ano-
maliuri geni. swored genetikuri mutaciis bra-
lia, rom organizmSi iwyeba iseTi cilebis pro-
duqcia, romelTaganac amiloidi warmoiqmneba.
amiloidozis es forma, Cveulebriv, saSualo an
xandazmul asakamde ar iCens Tavs. roca mSobels
aqvs Secvlili (mutirebuli) geni, SvilisTvis
misi gadacemis albaToba 50%-ia.
 _ rogor vlindeba Tirkmlis amiloidozi, same aTwleulSi iwyeba. mamakacebi 1,5-jer xSirad

N4
ra simptomebi axasiaTebs mas ZiriTadad? avaddebian, vidre qalebi.
_ sisuste, wonis daqveiTeba, qveda kidurebSi _ ras moicavs mkurnaloba?
simZimis, dabuJebis, WianWvelebis cocvis SegrZ- _ AL anu pirveladi amiloidozis dros
neba, qoSini, enis gadideba, kidurebis SeSupeba, mkurnalobis mizania im winamorbedi cilis
ylapvis gaZneleba, ariTmia. eliminacia, romlisganac SemdgomSi amiloidi
_ ras efuZneba diagnostika? yalibdeba. diagnozis dasmis Semdeg pacientebs,
_ Tirkmlis amiloidozisTvis damaxasiaTe- upirvelesad, utardebaT srulyofili gamok-
belia SardSi mniSvnelovani raodenobis cilis vleva, organoTa mdgomareobis Sesafaseblad

47
arseboba. amiloidozis diagnozi moiTxovs da maTi amiloiduri dazianebis dasadgenad. es
qsovilis biofsias, qsovilis miReba SesaZle- saWiroa mkurnalobis taqtikis gansazRvrisaTvis.
belia nebismieri organodan, magram sistemuri roca dauzianebelia orze meti didi organo,
daavadebis dros biofsiis pirveli xazi aris kan- dRis wesrigSi dgeba sakuTari Rerovani ujrede-
qveSa muclis cximi, romelic cnobilia rogorc bis gadanergvis sakiTxi. am mizniT Zvlis tvinis
`cximiani padbiofsia~, aseve mimarTaven sanerwyve ujredebi mobilizdeba sisxlis mimoqcevaSi,
jirkvlis an Sinagani organoebis biofsias. Semdeg ki isini grovdeba.
amiloiduri cilebis tipi sxvadasxva gziT
SeiZleba ganisazRvros: esaubra TinaTin gocaZe
n sisxlis plazmaSi paTologiuri cilebis
gamovlena;
n qsovilSi aRmoCenili amiloidis specifi-
kuri savaldebulo antisxeulebis (imunohisto-
qimia) an cilis mopoveba;
n individualuri aminmJavebis identifici-
reba.
_ ramdenad xSiria saqarTveloSi Tirkmlis
amiloidozis SemTxvevebi?
_ samwuxarod, saqarTveloSi msgavsi statis-
tika ar arsebobs, amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis
monacemebiT ki, yovelwliurad daavadebis 3000
axali SemTxveva aRiricxeba. amiloidozi um-
Tavresad Suaxnisa da xanSiSesuli adamianebis
daavadebaa, Tumca aris SemTxvevebi, roca is me-