CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION PARTB AWS D1 .1/D1.
1M :2020
6.10 Methods of Testing and Acceptance Criteria for WPS Qualification
The welded test assemblies conforming to 6.10.2 shall have test specimens prepared by cutting the test plate as shown in
Figures .6_.5 through .6_.7, whichever is applicable. The test specimens shall be prepared for testing in conformance with
Figures .6_.8, .6_.9, .6_.10, and .6_.14, as applicable.
6.10.1 Visual Inspection of Welds. The visual acceptance criteria for qualification of groove and fillet welds
(excluding weld tabs) shall conform to the following requirements, as applicable:
6.10.1.1 Visual Inspection of Groove Welds. Groove welds shall meet the following requirements:
(1) Any crack shall be unacceptable, regardless of size.
(2) All craters shall be filled to the full cross section of the weld.
(3) Weld reinforcement shall not exceed 1/8 in [3 mm]. The weld profile shall conform to Figure 1.4 and shall have
complete fusion.
(4) Undercut shall not exceed 1/32 in [1 mm].
(5) The weld root for CJP grooves shall be inspected, and shall not have any cracks, incomplete fusion, or inadequate
joint penetration.
(6) For CJP grooves welded from one side without backing, root concavity or melt-through shall conform to the
following:
(a) The maximum root concavity shall be 1/16 in [2 mm], provided the total weld thickness is equal to or greater
than that of the base metal.
(b) The maximum melt-through shall be 1/8 in [3 mm].
6.10.1.2 Visual Inspection of Fillet Welds. Fillet welds shall meet the following requirements:
(1) Any crack shall be unacceptable, regardless of size.
(2) All craters shall be filled to the full cross section of the weld.
(3) The fillet weld leg sizes shall not be less than the required leg sizes.
(4) The weld profile shall meet the requirements ofFigure 1.4.
(5) Base metal undercut shall not exceed 1/32 in [1 mm].
6.10.2 NDT. Before preparing mechanical test specimens, the qualification test plate, pipe, or tubing shall be
nondestructively tested for soundness as follows:
6.10.2.1 RT or UT. Either RT or UT shall be used. The entire length of the weld in test plates, except the discard
lengths at each end, shall be examined in conformance with Clause .8., Part E or F, and Clause 10, Part F for tubulars.
6.10.2.2 RT or UT Acceptance Criteria. For acceptable qualification, the weld, as revealed by RT or UT, shall
conform to the requirements of Clause .8., Part Cor Clause 10, Part F for tubulars.
6.10.3 Mechanical Testing. Mechanical testing shall be as follows:
6.10.3.1 Root, Face, and Side Bend Specimens (see Figure .6_.8 for root and face bends, Figure .6_.9 for side bends).
Each specimen shall be bent in a bend test jig that meets the requirements shown in Figures .6_.11 through .6_.13 or is
substantially in conformance with those figures, provided the maximum bend radius is not exceeded. Any convenient
means may be used to move the plunger member with relation to the die member.
The specimen shall be placed on the die member of the jig with the weld at mid-span. Face bend specimens shall be
placed with the face of the weld directed toward the gap. Root bend and fillet weld soundness specimens shall be placed
with the root of the weld directed toward the gap. Side bend specimens shall be placed with that side showing the greater
discontinuity, if any, directed toward the gap.
The plunger shall force the specimen into the die until the specimen becomes U-shaped. The weld and HAZs shall
be centered and completely within the bent portion of the specimen after testing. When using the wraparound jig, the
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AWS D1.1 /D1.1M :2020 PARTB CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION
specimen shall be firmly clamped on one end so that there is no sliding of the specimen during the bending operation. The
weld and HAZs shall be completely in the bent portion of the specimen after testing. Test specimens shall be removed
from the jig when the outer roll has been moved 180º from the starting point.
6.10.3.2 Longitudinal Bend Specimens. When material combinations differ markedly in mechanical bending
properties, as between two base materiais or between the weld metal and the base metal , longitudinal bend tests (face and
root) may be used in lieu of the transverse face and root bend tests. The welded test assemblies conforming to 6.10.2 shall
have test specimens prepared by cutting the test plate as shown in Figure fi.6 or fi.7, whichever is applicable. The test
specimens for the longitudinal bend test shall be prepared for testing as shown in Figure fi.8.
6.10.3.3 Acceptance Criteria for Bend Tests. The convex surface of the bend test specimen shall be visually
examined for surface discontinuities. For acceptance, the surface shall contain no discontinuities exceeding the following
dimensions:
(1) 1/8 in [3 mm] measured in any direction on the surface
(2) 3/8 in [10 mm]-the sum of the greatest dimensions of all discontinuities exceeding 1/32 in [1 mm] , but less than
or equal to 1/8 in [3 mm]
(3) 1/4 in [6 mm]-the maximum comer crack, except when that comer crack results from visible slag inclusion or
other fusion type discontinuity, then the 1/8 in [3 mm] maximum shall apply.
Specimens with comer cracks exceeding 1/4 in [6 mm] with no evidence of slag inclusions or other fusion type disconti-
nuity shall be disregarded, and a replacement test specimen from the original weldment shall be tested.
6.10.3.4 Reduced-Section Tension Specimens (see Figure fi.10). Before testing, the least width and corresponding
thickness of the reduced section shall be measured. The specimen shall be ruptured under tensile load, and the maximum
load shall be determined. The cross-sectional area shall be obtained by multiplying the width by the thickness. The tensile
strength shall be obtained by dividing the maximum load by the cross-sectional area.
6.10.3.5 Acceptance Criteria for Reduced-Section Tension Test. The tensile strength shall be no less than the
minimum of the specified tensile range of the base metal used.
6.10.3.6 All-Weld-Metal Tension Specimen (see Figure fi.14). The test specimen shall be tested in conformance
with ASTM A370, Mechanical Testing of Steel Products.
6.10.4 Macroetch Test. The weld test specimens shall be prepared with a finish suitable for macroetch examination.
A suitable solution shall be used for etching to give a clear definition of the weld.
6.10.4.1 Acceptance Criteria for Macroetch Test. For acceptable qualification, the test specimen, when inspected
visually, shall conform to the following requirements:
(1) PJP groove welds; the actual weld size shall be equal to or greater than the specified weld size, (S.).
(2) Fillet welds shall have fusion to the root of the joint, but not necessarily beyond.
(3) Minimum leg size shall meet the specified fillet weld size.
(4) The PJP groove welds and fillet welds shall have the following:
(a) no cracks
(b) thorough fusion between adjacent layers of weld metal and between weld metal and base metal
(e) weld pro files conforming to specified detail, but with none of the variations prohibited in 1.23
(d) no undercut exceeding 1/32 in [1 mm]
6.10.5 Retest. If any one test specimen, of all those tested, fails to meet the test requirements of Clause 6.10 the test
coupon shall be considered as failed. Retests may be performed on two additional test specimens according to one of the
following altematives. The results of both test specimens shall meet the test requirements.
(l) If adequate material from the original welded test coupon exists, the additional test specimens shall be removed
as dose as practicable to the original test specimen location.
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CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION AWS D1 .1/D1 .1M:2020
IF THERMAL-CUT, ALLOW
NOT LESS THAN 1/8 in [3 mm]
TO BE MACHINED FROM EDGES
6GR SPECIMEN
r--------,,,,..--,r--------, t
-----, te
T
t t
WHEN t EXCEEDS 1-1 /2 in [38 mm], MACHINE THE MINIMUM AMOUNT
CUT ALONG THIS LINE . EDGE MAY NEEDED TO OBTAIN PLANE PARALLEL
BE THERMAL CUT. FACES (OPTIONAL)
t, in T, in t,mm T, mm
3/8 to 1-1 /2 10 to 38
> 1-1 /2 (Footnote b) > 38 (Footnote b)
ª A longer specimen length may be necessary when using a wraparound-type bending fixture or when testing steel with a yield strength
oi 90 ksi [620 MPa] or more.
b For pi ates over 1-1 /2 in [38 mm] thick, the specimen shall be cut into approximately equal strips with T between 3/4 in [20 mm] and
1-1 /2 in [38 mm] and test each strip.
e t = plate or pipe thickness.
Figure ~.9-Side Bend Specimens (see 6.10.3.1)
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CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION AWS D1 .1/D1 .1M:2020
TAPPED HOLE TO SUIT
TESTING MACHINE
7 AS REQUIRED 1-::
,-
SHOULDER HARDENED
AND GREASE1>------+-~1
J_
1-1 /8 in
[28.6 mm
6-3/4 in
[171.4 mm]
114;~
[6.4 mm] 5-1 /4 in
L ~, ~
(133.4 mm]
~~
.------------r- HARDENED
ROLLERS
~2
[50.8 mm]
in-lu 1-1/2 in [38 .1 mm]
IN DIAMETER MAY
BE SUBSTITUTED
--- 3-7/8 in
(98.4 mm]
DIE
MEMBER
i------7-1 /2 in ~90.5 m] \_D
,___ _ _ _ 9 in (228.6 mm] --==----i 1 1
FOR JIG
SHOULDERS
Specified or Actual Base Metal Yield A B e D
Strength in [mm] in [mm] in [mm] in [mm]
50 ksi (345 MPa] & under 1-1 /2 [38.1] 3/4 [19.0] 2-3/8 [60.3] 1-3/16 [30 .2]
over 50 ksi (345 MPa] to 90 ksi [620 MPa] 2 [50.8] 1 [25.4] 2-7/8 (73.0] 1-7/16 [36.6]
90 ksi (620 MPa] & over 2-1 /2 (63.5] 1-1 /4 [31 .8] 3-3/8 [85.7] 1-11 /16[42.9]
Note: Plunger and interior die surfaces shall be machine-finished.
Figure ~.11-Guided Bend Test Jig (see 6.10.3.1)
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AWS D1 .1/D1 .1M:2020 CLAUSE 6. QUALIFICATION
ROLLER ANY
DIAMETER
Specified or Actual A B A B
Base Metal Yield Strength , ksi [MPa] in in mm mm
50 [345] & under 1-1 /2 3/4 38.1 19.0
over 50 [345] to 90 [620] 2 50 .8 25.4
90 [620] over 2-1 /2 1-1 /4 63 .5 31 .8
Figure ~.12-Alternative Wraparound Guided Bend Test Jig
(see 6.10.3.1)
,,
,t . ''
+
B = A/2
R MIN . = 3/4 in
[19 mm]
~R MIN.
Specified or Actual A B e A B e
Base Metal Yield Strength , ksi [MPa] in in in mm mm mm
50 [345] & under 1-1 /2 3/4 2-3/8 38.1 19.0 60.3
over 50 [345] to 90 [620] 2 2-7/8 50.8 25.4 73.0
90 [620] & over 2-1 /2 1-1 /4 3-3/8 63.5 31 .8 85.7
Figure ~.13-Alternative Roller-Equipped Guided Bend Test Jig for Bottom
Ejection of Test Specimen (see 6.10.3.1)
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