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SENG101 Labwork 1 Solutions

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27 views2 pages

SENG101 Labwork 1 Solutions

Uploaded by

nehirarseven25
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SENG 101 LABWORK 1 SOLUTIONS

1. What is CPU?
A CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the main component of a computer responsible for
executing instructions and performing calculations. It acts as the brain of the system,
processing data and running programs by interpreting and executing commands from
the computer's memory.

2. What is RAM?
RAM (Random Access Memory) is a type of volatile memory in a computer that
temporarily stores data and programs that the CPU needs to access quickly. It allows
the computer to perform tasks faster by providing immediate access to frequently used
data. However, its contents are erased when the system is powered off.

3. What is ROM?
ROM (Read-Only Memory) is a type of non-volatile memory in a computer that stores
permanent data and instructions needed for the system to boot and operate. Unlike
RAM, the data in ROM cannot be easily modified or erased, and it remains intact even
when the computer is powered off. ROM is often used to store firmware, which
provides essential low-level control for the system's hardware.

4. What is memory addressing?


Memory addressing is the process by which a computer's CPU accesses specific data
stored in memory. Each location in a computer's memory is assigned a unique
numerical identifier called an address. These addresses allow the CPU to read or write
data to specific memory locations efficiently. Memory addressing enables the system
to keep track of where data and instructions are stored.

5. What are IO devices? Give an example of each.


I/O (Input/Output) devices are hardware components that allow a computer system to
interact with the external environment by receiving inputs and providing outputs.
These devices are essential for communication between the computer and the user or
other systems.
Input devices are devices that send data to the computer for processing. Some
examples of input devices are keyboard, mouse, scanner, microphone, etc. Output
devices are devices that receive data from the computer and present it to the user.
Some examples of output devices are monitor, printer, speakers, projector, etc.

6. What is Windows?
Windows is an operating system developed by Microsoft that provides a graphical
user interface (GUI) to manage hardware and software resources on computers. It
allows users to interact with the system using windows, icons, menus, and other visual
elements to run applications, manage files, and perform tasks.

7. What is OS?
An operating system (OS) is software that acts as an intermediary between computer
hardware and users. It manages hardware resources, provides a user interface, and
enables the execution of application software. The OS performs essential tasks such as
handling input and output operations, managing files and directories, and ensuring
system security and stability.
8. What happens to a computer when it’s booted?
When a computer is booted, the computer’s firmware (BIOS or UEFI) performs a
series of tests to ensure that the hardware components function properly. Then, the
firmware loads the bootloader, which initializes the operating system from the storage
device into RAM. Once the OS is loaded, it starts essential services and presents the
user interface, allowing the user to interact with the system and run applications. This
process enables the computer to transition from a powered-off state to a fully
operational state.

9. Convert the following binary number 011010100111 to decimal. Show your work.
1703

10. Convert the following binary number 01110101 to decimal. Show your work.
117

11. Convert the decimal number 274 to binary. Show your work.
100010010

12. Convert the decimal number 637 to binary. Show your work.
1001111101

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