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4 TCP and OSI Model.ppt

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28 views27 pages

4 TCP and OSI Model.ppt

Uploaded by

rrrgs1807
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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TCP and OSI Communication Model

Session Objectives

After completion of the session you will be able to understand

✔ Layered model of communication

✔ OSI model of communication

✔ Working of each layer in OSI

✔ TCP/IP model of communication

✔ Comparison of OSI and TCP/IP model


Introduction

• The Layering Principle of Communication


(illustrated in adjacent figure).
• The three entities are involved Sender,
Carrier, Receiver.
• Carrier: Ethernet Cables, Wireless, Optical
Fiber, Satellite.
• Protocol: A set of rules for communication.
• Hardware infrastructure for interconnection.
• User Interface for communication.
Layered Communication

.
OSI Layered Model
• Introduced in 1970.
• OSI Stands for Open Systems Interconnection.
• An ISO standard that covers all aspects of network
communications.
• Its goal is the interoperability of diverse communication
systems with standard communication protocols.
• Here, a layer serves the layer above it and is served by the
layer below it.
• OSI had two major components,
✔ Basic Reference Model or Seven Layer model,
✔ A set of specific protocols.
Layers Interconnection in OSI Model
Data Exchange in OSI Model

•Each Layer Description is shown in subsequent slides


Physical Layer

The physical layer is responsible for movements of individual bits


from one hop (node) to the next.
Data Link Layer
The data link layer is responsible for moving frames from one hop
(node) to the next.
Data Link Layer Hop-to-Hop Delivery
Network Layer
The network layer is responsible for the delivery of individual
packets from the source host to the destination host.
Packet Delivery at Network Layer
Transport Layer
The transport layer is responsible for the delivery of a message from
one process to another.
Process to Process Delivery at Transport Layer
Session Layer
The session layer is responsible for dialog control and
synchronization.
Presentation Layer
The presentation layer is responsible for translation, compression,
and encryption.
Application Layer
The application layer is responsible for providing services to the
user.
TCP/IP Communication Model

• TCP/IP means Transmission Control


Protocol and Internet Protocol.
• It is the network model used in the current
Internet architecture as well.
• Developed by Department of Defence's Project
Research Agency (ARPA, later DARPA) as a
part of a research project of network
interconnection to connect remote machines.
• Protocols are set of rules which govern every
possible communication over a network.
TCP/IP Communication at Data Link Layer
TCP/IP Communication at Network Layer
TCP/IP Addressing at different Layer
TCP/IP Physical Addressing

07:01:02:01:2C:4B

A 6-byte (12 hexadecimal digits) physical address.


TCP/IP Logical Addressing

The physical addresses will change from hop to hop, but the logical
addresses usually remain the same.
TCP/IP Port Addressing

753
A 16-bit port address represented as one single number.
TCP/IP and OSI Compared
Summary

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