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LightEnergy

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8 views12 pages

LightEnergy

Uploaded by

kandanshetty29
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LIGHT ENERGY

Question 1. State the speed of light in (a) air, (b) water, and (c) glass
Answer: Speed of light in
Air — 3 × 108 m/s
Water — 2.25 × 108 m/s
Glass — 2 × 108 m/s
Question 2. How does the speed of light determine the optical density
of a medium?
Answer: If the speed of light in a medium is less than speed of light in
air, this means the medium is denser than air. If speed of light is more
than speed of light in AIR, this means the medium is less denser than
air. i.e. speed of light is 1/density of medium.
Question 3. Which is optically denser: water or air? Give reason.
Answer: WATER is optically denser as speed of light is less in water.
2.25 × 108 m/s< 3× 108 m/s speed of light in Water speed of light in
Air.
Question 4. Out of air and glass, which is optically rarer? Give reason.
Answer: Air is RARER speed of light in air is more than speed of
light in glass. 3 × 108 m/s > 2 × 108 m/s speed of light in air speed of
light in glass
Question 5. What do you understand by refraction of light
Answer: REFRACTION OF LIGHT: “The change in direction of path
of light when it passes from one transparent medium to another is
called REFRACTION OF LIGHT.”
Question 6. Describe an experiment to show that a light ray bends
when it passes from one transparent medium into another transparent
medium.
Answer:
EXPERIMENT : Spread and fix a sheet of white paper on the
drawing board. At the centre of the paper, place a glass slab XY
‘X‘Y’ and draw its boundary. A ray of light AB travelling from air
(rarer medium) to glass slab (denser medium). Part of path BC in
denser medium bends towards the normal. ∠ r ∠ i. This shows that
when light travels from RARER to DENSER medium bends towards
the normal. Ray BC travels from DENSER medium to RARER
medium in air (RAY CD) bend away from normal. ∠ e > ∠ r. This
shows that when a ray of light travels from DENSER to RARER
medium bends AWAY from normal.
Question 7 and 8 marked in text
Question 9. A ray of light falls normally on a glass slab. What is the
angle of incidence?

Answer: When a ray of light falls on a glass slab normally, angle


between normal and incident ray is zero. ∴ Angle of incidence is zero.
Question 10. A ray of light travels from a rarer medium to a denser
medium. How will it bend?
Answer: When a ray of light travels from a RARER medium to a
DENSER medium, it bends TOWARDS the normal

Question 11. A ray of light travels from a denser medium to a rarer


medium. How will it bend?
Answer: When a ray of light travels from a DENSER medium to a
RARER medium it will bend AWAY from normal
Question 12. The diagram given below in fig shows a ray of light AO
falling on a surface separating two media. Draw the refracted ray in
each case.
Refracted ray goes undeviated or ∠ i = 0 ∠r = 0
Question 13. Draw a diagram showing the refraction of a light ray
from water to glass. Label on it the incident ray, the angle of
incidence (/), and the angle of refraction (r).
Answer: Water is rarer than glass. Light travels from water to glass
means light travels from a rarer to a denser medium.

The incident ray is AO.


Angle of incidence is ∠ i
Angle of refraction is ∠ r
Question 14. The diagram in figure shows a ray of light AO falling on
a rectangular glass slab PQRS. Complete the diagram till the ray of
light emerges out of the slab. Label on the diagram the incident ray,
the refracted ray and the emergent ray.
Answer:

Question 15. Explain the following:


(a) A coin placed at the bottom of a vessel appears to be raised when
water is poured in the vessel.
(b) A straight stick partly dipped in water obliquely, appears to be
bent at the sur face of water.
(c) The sun is seen before the sunrise and after the sunset.
Answer:
(a) The coin at a appears to be at B i.e. depth of coin observed is less
than actual depth at A. The ray of light starting from A (denser)
medium bends away from the normal. Due to Refraction of light the
coin appears at B at a lower depth. Hence in the same way the depth
of water appear to be less deep.
(b) The phenomenon is due to REFRACTION OF LIGHT when light
passing from denser (water) medium to (Air) rarer medium appears to
come from Q’ Virtual image inspite of Q. Same is true for any other
point of stick inside water. Stick appears to be raised or bent.

(c)
EARLY SUNRISE and SUNSET:
At sun Rise : When the Sun is just below the horizon, the light from
the Sun suffers refraction from RARE to DENSER medium (As
atmosphere is warmer than layers near the earth at that time) bends
towards the normal at each refraction. Due to continuous bending of
light rays, the Sun can be seen even when its actual position is just
below the Horizon. As a result the Sun is seen in advance, two
minutes before it rises above the horizon in the morning. Similarly, in
the evening Sun is seen delayed by 2 minutes longer above the
horizon after the Sun set.
Question 16. What is mirage? Give a reason for its formation ?
Answer:
Answer: Hot sand (Rarer medium)
MIRAGE : When it is very hot, an inverted image of tree is seen
which is ‘illusion of eye’ (gives a false impression) of water under the
tree. This is called a MIRAGE.”

REASON: Sand becomes very hot during hot noon, the layers of air
in contact become rarer (expand) while upper layers of air are still at
comparatively low temperature and are denser medium. When rays of
light from DENSER to RARER medium (starting from tree) are bent
away from normal when refracted from Rarer to Denser medium
(going towards eye) bend towards normal and a tree appears
INVERTED.
Question 17. What is a prism? Draw a ray diagram to show the
refraction of a light ray through a prism.
Answer: Answer: PRISM “is a transparent refracting medium
bounded by two plane surfaces inclined at some angle.”

Question 18. What do you mean by the term dispersion?


Answer: The splitting or breaking up of the white light into its
constituent colours as it passes through a refracting medium such as
prism is known as dispersion.

Question 19. A ray of white light falls on a prism. Draw a ray diagram
to show that the prism disperses the white light.
Answer:

Question 20. In figure AO is the ray of white light falling on a prism


PQR. Complete the diagram till the light emerges out from the prism
and falls on the screen.
Diagram is completed: ‘The white light splits up into seven colours
which are seen on the screen and arrangement of colours from bottom
to top is given by the word ‘VIBGYOR’.
Question 21. What do you understand by the term spectrum? Name
the various colours present in the spectrum of sunlight.
Answer: Spectrum is the band of colours obtained on a screen when
white light passes through a prism and splits into its constituent
colours. The colours of the spectrum are violet (V), indigo (1), blue
(B), green (G), yellow (Y), orange (O), and red (R). The order of the
spectrum is VIBGYOR.
Question 22. You are given a disc divided into seven sectors with
colours violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red in them.
What would be its colour when it is rotated rapidly

Newton’s colour disc recombination — It is a circular disc taken by


Newton to demonstrate that the of seven colours produce white light.
A circular cardboard disc which is divided into seven sectors and they
were painted with the seven colours of VIBGYOR. The disc when
rotated at a very high speed appears WHITE.

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