Introduction

to
Tableau
Tableau: a group of models or motionless figures representing a scene from a story or from history
Tableau Components
Connect to the data
Worksheets:
◦ Contains individual visualizations
Dashboards:
◦ Contains one or more worksheets
Stories:
◦ Combination of worksheets and dashboards
◦ Presentation environment
Create a worksheet
Name a worksheet Integer: Any whole number (i.e. no decimals)
Float: Any number including decimals
Undo/Redo/Clear  Sheet
Tableau Workspace
Data pane: • Cards & Shelves:
◦ Data source
• Columns and Rows shelves
◦ Dimensions
◦ Categorical variables
• Filtering data: Data is excluded
◦ Slicing variables from calculations and other
◦ Measures computations performed on the
◦ Continuous variables summarized data in the table.
◦ Sets • Hiding data: Doesn't display in the
◦ Subset of records view, but it is still included in
◦ Parameters calculations.
Marks card – Key element
Gives visualization detail and context
◦ Allow to modify a view’s design, visualization type, user experience, and
granularity of analysis all in one place
◦ Adding more dimensions/measures  Increased Granularity
Marks Cards: Color, Size, Label, Detail, Tooltip, and Shape.
◦ Allows to “encode” the marks on a view
◦ Encoding marks adds depth to analysis by mapping marks to colors, sizes, and / or
shapes to add context to a view.
◦ Encodings will be carried on to other views as they are created.
Label and Tooltip Marks Cards
Dataset: Hospital visits
1. BAR CHART: Compare the revenue between various departments in the
hospital
1. Arrange it in descending order (SORT)
2. Show only the top 10 departments. (FILTER)  Dept Filter
3. Add Hospital Goal.csv
1. Drag Goal to columns Select Bullet chart
4. Group and highlight some departments
1. Create calculated value: sum(revenue)>= sum(goal)
2. STACKED BAR CHART: Compare the revenue for the year 2019 to the year
2018 for different Department Types
1. Edit colors
2. Group ICU & Natal Together
1. Right-click each bar -- select Mark label-- Always show.
 Dataset: Hospital visits
4. CIRCLE CHARTS : Compare doctors within same department in terms of
average minutes to service
Dept Type (rows)- AVERAGE Mins to Serve (Col)
Change x-axis scale – Right clk- Edit axis- Custom -- Fixed start
Slice by Doctors Drop Doctors in Detail card
Drop Department type to color card – Change circle size
Introduce average line for easier comparison
Box-plot
5. HISTOGRAM
◦ Minutes to Service Histogram
◦ Select Minutes to Service -> Select histogram
◦ Creates dimension ‘Minutes to Service (bins)’
◦ Change Bin Size
Dates
Row: Revenue
Column: Year (date of admit)
Built in date hierarchy
Date part: Represents a specific part of the date
Date value: Represent a date value with ref to year
Compare 2018 & 2019 revenue
◦ Use Date Part and slice by year color
◦ Create year lable
Dual Axis chart- Revenue vs No. of patients
Heatmap
Rows: Days
Columns: Month
Detail by Count of patients
Change color
TREE MAPS
◦ Department Type and Department – Rows
◦ Revenue – Column
◦ Click Tree map.
◦ Change color card of Department Type

SCATTER PLOT
Revenue vs No. of patients visit
◦ Slice by Department
◦ Slice with months – Date part & Date Value
Introduction to calculations
Results:
 Per row of data (Row-level calculation)
 At aggregate level
 Level of detail calculations:
 Aggregations that are performed at a specified level of detail, with the results available at the
row level

 Table calculations:
Calculations are performed on the table of aggregate data that has been returned by the data
source to Tableau.
Introduction to calculations
 Calculations will show up as either a new measure or dimension/field
 made up of functions, operations, and references to other fields,
parameters, constants, groups, or sets
Dataset: Vacation Rentals
 Concatenating strings  ‘+’
 Create Full name from First and last name

 Split strings  SPLIT ()

 Create building names and room numbers as separate variables
 Alternate: Transform  custom split

 IF and ELSEIF
 Create the floor number of the rooms as a separate variable “Floor”
IF LEFT([RoomNo],1)= "1" THEN "First Floor" ELSE "Second Floor" END
Aggregate calculations
 Create discount percentage at room level, floor level and property level
 SUM([Discount])/SUM([Rent])
Row-wise sum vs column-wise sum
 AGG indicates that aggregation is defined in the calculation.
 Cannot mix aggregate and non-aggregate arguments with this function
 E.g.: [Discount] / SUM([Rent])

 Change into percentage

 right-click the Discount % -- Default Properties -- Number Format – Percentage

 Display table of Bldg Name- Room No – Rent- Discount – Discount %

 Duration of stay per Guest
Fix “Year” of date field
Concatenate strings  +”-”+”2022”
Convert to date type
 Duration: DateDiff()
Calculate Revenue per Guest
 (((1+([Tax per Night]/100))*[Rent])* [Duration])-[Discount]
 Create Total Revenue at room level, floor level and property level
Table Calculations
 Create a table showing different table
calculations for sales

Quick Calculations
 Running Total: Cumulative total
 Difference
 Rank
 Running Total (Sales) -- Edit Table Calculation – Compute using ‘Pane down’ (starts for every
quarter)
 Difference Total (Sales) -- Edit Table Calculation – Calculation Type – ‘Percent Difference from
quarter)
 Convert the difference quarter-wise : Compute using – Pane down
 YoY Growth rate
LOOKUP(expression, [offset]) : Returns the value of the expression in a target row, specified as a
relative offset from the current row.
 Lookup(ATTR([Category]), -1)
Level of detail (LoD) calculations
 Row Level Expressions and View Level Expressions
 Row Level Expressions: Unaggregated expressions computed for each row
 View Level Expressions: Aggregated expressions computed by the dimensions in the view
 Encloses in AGG function

 LoD Calculations – Defined by calculations

 Aggregations at a specified level of details
 Different from the level of detail that is defined in the view

 FIXED , INCLUDE , and EXCLUDE - keywords indicating type of lod calculation

Dim 1 , Dim 2 – dimensions (more thane one dimension can be included)
 AGG  aggregate function Eg: SUM , AVG , MIN , and MAX
 Field  value that will be aggregated
 FIXED
 Independent of Dimensions in the view

 Returns the average orders per state regardless of dimensions in the view

 INCLUDE
 Aggregates at the level of detail by the dimensions in the view & dimensions in syntax

 EXCLUDE
 Aggregates at the level of detail by the dimensions in the view but excluding any listed in syntax
Create Table – Dept, Category and Sales
◦ Display Total Sales across tables -- {FIXED: SUM([Sales])}
◦ Display Dept-wise Total sales -- {FIXED [Department]: SUM([Sales])}
◦ Calculate percent Sales of individual categories wrt Dept -- ([Sales])/[FxdDept]
Compare “Regional level sales” with the sales of each state in that region
◦ { FIXED [Region]: SUM([Sales])}
◦
 INCLUDE
To perform certain calculations at levels of detail that are lower (more detailed)
than the view level of detail
Display Total Sales across categories & Avg sales per customer in that category
 INCLUDE : {INCLUDE [Customer Name] : SUM([Sales])}
 Add Include – Change Agg to AVERGE Display category-wise SUM(Sales)-

 Display Department-wise sales and average regional-profit for each of the product
categories
 Department Sales  average regional-profit
 ({INCLUDE [Region]: AVG([Profit])})

 EXCLUDE
 Compare the average profit of each department with the overall average profit
 {EXCLUDE [Department]:AVG([Profit])}
Loans.csv
 Each record is a monthly snapshot of a loan
 Was a member ever at risk?: Any member with a credit score of less than 550
(even once during the payment cycle) is considered to be at risk.
 Which loan type has the highest numbers of at-risk members?
 {FIXED [Member ID]: MIN([Credit Score])} <550
To Label percentage
 Drag member Id into marks – convert to count
 Right click—quick table calculation—select percentage
 Click compute using—across cell
Loans.csv
Latest balance for a member
 Show the latest balance for each member across loan types
 Create function to extract latest date
 Since one customer has more than one loan type- fix both membered and loan
type
 Extract max date : {FIXED [Member ID],[Loan Type]:MAX([Date])}
 To extract the Balance corresponding to the date: convert the function to filter
 {FIXED [Member ID],[Loan Type]:MAX([Date])}=[Date]
 INCLUDE
What is the average number of loans per member on a state-by-state basis?
 Draw states across map—draw loanId – convert to count
 Cannot find average
 Create a syntax for count across members and then find average
 {INCLUDE [Member ID] : COUNTD([Loan Number])}
EXCLUDE
 How does the average credit score for a given loan type compare to the overall
average for the entire portfolio?
 Show the difference between the average credit score of a loan type and the
overall average of the portfolio as a bar chart
 Exclude the loan type while calculating the portfolio level average:
 {EXCLUDE [Loan Type]: AVG([Credit Score])}