Pranav Gupta

0301CE221042
 INDEX
Site Visit Report Template
1. Project Details
Project Name:
Site Addres
Date of Visit
Visitors: [designations of people visiting the site]
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2. Introduction
Project Description: [Provide a brief overview of the project, including its purpose and scope.]
Purpose of the Visit: [Explain the objective of the site visit, e.g., monitoring progress, addressing concerns, etc.]
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3. Summary of Activities
Schedule and Timeline: [Detail the duration and key milestones during the visit.]
Key Interactions: [List the names and designations of individuals or teams met during the visit.]
Discussions/Activities: [Summarize discussions held, inspections conducted, or any specific tasks observed.]
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4. Observations
Site Conditions:
[Provide detailed notes on the current status of the project, such as completed and ongoing tasks.]
[Highlight any observations related to equipment, materials, or site conditions.]
Safety Measures:
[Note compliance with safety protocols or list violations.]
Environmental Compliance:
[Document adherence to environmental standards or concerns noticed.]
Photos:
[Include relevant photos with captions to support observations.]
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5. Issues Identified
Deviations: [List any variances from the planned work schedule, scope, or quality standards.]
Challenges: [Describe delays, resource shortages, or other obstacles faced.]
Areas of Concern: [Highlight specific concerns regarding safety, quality, or environmental compliance.]
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6. Recommendations/Actions to be Taken
Proposed Measures: [Suggest practical steps to resolve identified issues or improve processes.]
Follow-Up: [Detail any follow-up actions required, including responsibilities and deadlines.]
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7. Conclusion
Overall Assessment: [Provide a concise evaluation of the visit, including progress and areas needing attention.]
Next Steps: [Outline the plan for future visits or subsequent actions to ensure project success.]
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 Emhy and REC Frame Selfie Point.
Rewa Engineering College

Introduction : Located in Rewa Engineering College, we worked on

two key projects: the Amphitheater and the REC Frame, built by alumni
to enhance campus infrastructure. The amphitheater, situated on
campus, serves as a hub for entertainment, cultural events, and
community gatherings, symbolizing development and unity.

Project Details:
 Equipment Used for Construction

1. Iron Pan (Ghamela): Used for carrying and placing materials at the required location.

2. Line and Pins: Utilized to ensure proper alignment of various building components.

3. Rammer: Used for compacting soil surfaces and leveling the ground effectively.

4. Trowel: Ideal for placing, compacting, or plastering mortar, especially during brick masonry construction.

5. Plumb Bob: Used to check the vertical alignment of structural members.

6. Spirit Level: Ensures accurate horizontal leveling.

7. Kassi (or Phawrah): A versatile tool used for filling or mixing materials.

8. Steel Tape: A reliable tool for precise vertical and horizontal measurements.

9. Mason's Square: Ensures accurate angles and alignment at building corners.

10. Tilting Mixer: Used to prepare concrete efficiently.

11. Plate Vibrator: Aids in compacting the plinth and ground surfaces.

12. Needle Vibrator: Ensures effective compaction of concrete in both vertical and horizontal structural
members.

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 • Structure Details:

Dimensions: Total Size of REC Frame is 20X20ft

Area: 400/Sq.ft

• Construction Materials:

RCC Columns,
RCC Beams,
Steel Reinforcement,
st1 Class Fly ash Bricks Cement Morter

• For Flooring: Kota Stone Granite PCC

Construction Technique

1. Layout
The layout process began by referring to the detailed construction
drawings, which included foundation and plinth beam plans.
Surveying Tools Used: Tools such as theodolites, leveling
instruments, and measuring tapes were utilized to ensure accurate
alignment and measurements.
• Benchmarks and Reference Points: Benchmarks were established to
serve as fixed points of reference. These points ensured that the
alignment and levels were maintained consistently throughout the
construction.
• Verification: After the layout was marked, it was checked
thoroughly by the site engineer or supervisor to confirm its accuracy
against the drawings.
 2. Excavation

• Preparation: The site was prepared by clearing vegetation, debris,

and unwanted materials. A site inspection ensured that the
excavation area was free of obstructions.
Excavation Process:
o Excavation was carried out using equipment such as
excavators, backhoes, or manually where machinery could
not access.
o The depth and width of the excavation adhered strictly to the
project specifications, ensuring a proper base for the
foundation.
Soil Testing and Stability:

•
 o The excavated soil was tested for its load-bearing capacity.
Weak soil layers, if present, were replaced with compacted
earth or granular fill.
o The sidewalls of the excavation were stabilized using shoring
or slope protection where necessary to prevent collapse.
• Post-Excavation Activities: The excavated area was cleaned, leveled,
and prepared for the next stage of construction.

3. PCC in Foundation
• Purpose: The Plain Cement Concrete (PCC) layer served as a
leveling and protective base for the reinforcement and foundation.
It prevented direct contact between the reinforcement and soil,
which could lead to corrosion.
• Mixing and Proportion:
o The PCC was mixed using a standard M10 grade (1 part
cement, 3 parts sand, and 6 parts aggregate) with the
required amount of water.
o The mix was prepared using a concrete mixer to ensure
• consistency and uniformity.
Laying Process:

o The PCC was poured evenly across the base of the

excavation.
o It was compacted using tampers or compacting tools to
remove air pockets and ensure a dense, uniform surface.
o The surface was finished smooth with a trowel, and slopes
were provided where required to aid water drainage.
• Curing: Water curing was initiated after the concrete set, typically
24 hours after pouring, to ensure proper strength development.

4. Reinforcement Placement
• Material Preparation:
o Steel reinforcement bars were cut and bent according to the
structural drawings.
o High-quality, corrosion-resistant steel was used to ensure the
durability of the structure.
• Placement:
o The bars were placed at specified distances using spacers to
maintain proper cover and alignment.
o Tying was done using binding wire to hold the reinforcement
in place during concreting.
• Quality Checks:
o Proper spacing, bar overlap (lapping), and anchorage were
checked to ensure structural integrity.
o Cover blocks were used to maintain the required concrete
cover around the steel to protect it from environmental
damage.

5. Formwork Installation
•• Material Used: Formwork materials included steel, wood, or
aluminum depending on the project’s requirements and budget.
Installation Process:
o The formwork was assembled around the reinforcement to
 shape the foundation and plinth beam.
o The joints and gaps were sealed to prevent concrete leakage
during pouring.
• Checks and Adjustments:
o The formwork was checked for alignment, stability, and
levelness. Bracings were added for additional support where
required.
o Release agents were applied to the formwork to facilitate its
easy removal after curing.

6. Concreting

• Concrete Preparation: The concrete mix (usually M20 grade for

structural components) was prepared using cement, sand,
• aggregate, and water in specified proportions.
Pouring Process:
o Concrete was poured into the formwork in layers, ensuring
even distribution.
o Vibrators were used during pouring to compact the concrete,
eliminating air pockets and improving density.
• Leveling and Finishing: The surface was leveled with a trowel, and
a smooth finish was provided where necessary.
• Quality Checks:
o Slump tests were conducted on-site to verify the workability
of the concrete.
o Cube samples were taken for compressive strength testing
after curing.

7. Curing
• Purpose: Curing was carried out to ensure the hydration of cement,
which is critical for achieving the desired strength of concrete.
• Methods Used:
o Water curing was done by covering the surface with jute bags
or sprinkling water at regular intervals.
o In some cases, curing compounds were applied to retain
moisture.
• Duration: The curing period varied depending on the weather and
structure but typically lasted 7-14 days.

8. Removal of Formwork

• The formwork was removed only after the concrete attained

sufficient strength to support itself and the load of subsequent
construction.
• Proper care was taken to avoid damage to the edges or corners of
the concrete.
9. Inspection and Quality Checks
• The constructed components were inspected to ensure compliance
with the design specifications.
• Any deviations or defects were rectified immediately before
progressing to the next stages.
10. Further Construction
• After completing the foundation and plinth beam, construction
moved to subsequent phases, such as column casting, wall
construction, and slab laying, as per the project plan.

Summary of Activities

1. Timeline
Date: [Insert date(s)]
•
• Time: [Start and end time of the activities]
 •
Duration: [Duration of the activity]
2. Persons Met With
• Name(s): [List the names of individuals involved in the meeting or
activities]
•
Designation: [Their roles or designations, e.g., Engineer, Contractor,
Supervisor]
• Organization/Team: [Organization or team they represent]
3. Discussion Held
•
Topics Discussed:
1. Progress of the project so far, including completed tasks (e.g.,
2. layout, excavation, PCC).
Issues faced during the process, such as site challenges,
material delays, or manpower concerns.
3. Solutions and recommendations proposed during the meeting
to address challenges.
4. Updates to timelines, milestones, or deliverables based on the
current status.
5. Future action plan and division of responsibilities for the next
phase of construction.
Decisions Taken:
•
o Approval of design changes (if any).
o
Scheduling of subsequent activities (e.g., concreting, curing,
formwork removal).
o Material procurement timelines and logistics.
o Additional resources or equipment requirements.
Action Points:
•
o [Action 1: Assign tasks to specific team members with
deadlines.]
o [Action 2: Follow up on material delivery and procurement
status.]
o [Action 3: Conduct safety checks before the next stage.]
4. Additional Notes
• Observations on work quality and adherence to design standards.
• Key takeaways from the discussion, including insights or suggestions
• provided by team members.
Pending issues or approvals needed for further progress.
 Observation Report

1. Timely Completion of Excavation and PCC:

o The excavation and Plain Cement Concrete (PCC) work were
completed as per the schedule and adhered to the specified
dimensions in the design.
o The PCC surface was finished uniformly, providing a strong
and level base for further construction activities.
2. Quality of Materials Used:
o High-quality materials, including cement, aggregates, and steel
reinforcement bars, were utilized.
o Materials were tested for compliance with standards, ensuring
durability and strength of the structure.
3. Team Coordination:
o Effective communication and coordination among the site
team, supervisors, and contractors facilitated smooth progress
of the work.
o The site team demonstrated prompt response to minor issues,
minimizing delays and ensuring project efficiency.
4. Adherence to Safety Standards:
o Workers adhered to safety protocols, including the use of
personal protective equipment (PPE) and safe handling of
equipment.
o Proper signage and barricades were in place to secure the
worksite, enhancing overall safety.
5. Reinforcement Placement – Initial Setup:
o The reinforcement bars were initially arranged correctly as per
the design, with adequate spacing and proper lapping where
required.
o Cover blocks were used to maintain the required concrete
cover, ensuring protection of the reinforcement.

2. Negative Observations

1. Bending of Reinforcement Bars in Columns:

Issue Identified:
o
Some reinforcement bars in the columns were
bent out of alignment due to insufficient
bracing or improper handling during
placement.
 o Impact:
This could potentially affect the structural integrity and load
transfer efficiency of the columns.
2. Leakage of Concrete During Casting:
Issue Identified:
o
Concrete leakage was observed during casting,
caused by gaps in the formwork. Improper
sealing and alignment of the shuttering panels
contributed to this issue.
o Impact:
This may result in loss of cement slurry,
weakening the concrete mix and causing
surface irregularities such as honeycombing.

3. Causes of Mistakes
1. Bending of Reinforcement Bars:
o Lack of adequate bracing and improper spacing during
reinforcement placement.
o Displacement caused by vibrations during concrete pouring.
2. Leakage of Concrete:
o Poorly sealed or misaligned formwork.
o Inadequate bracing of formwork to handle concrete pressure.
4. Recommendations for Improvement
1. For Reinforcement Bar Alignment:
o Reinforcement should be properly tied and braced to prevent
displacement during concreting.
o Conduct pre-concreting inspections to verify alignment and
placement accuracy.
2. For Concrete Leakage Prevention:
o Inspect formwork thoroughly and seal all gaps using foam
tape or mastic sealant before casting.
o Ensure the formwork is adequately braced to withstand the
pressure of concrete pouring.
5. Rectification Measures
1. Bent reinforcement bars should be realigned or replaced as
2. necessary to restore their intended structural performance.
Areas affected by concrete leakage should be repaired using non-
shrink grout or mortar to restore uniformity and strength.
know if further adjustments are needed!
 The construction process has shown significant progress, achieving commendable results in
quality, timelines, and teamwork. Despite minor challenges, overall performance remains
satisfactory, with actionable steps taken to address issues.

Key Positive Outcomes:

1. Adherence to Timeline: Excavation and PCC works were completed on schedule.

2. Material Quality: High-grade materials used met required standards, ensuring durability.

3. Team Coordination: Strong collaboration enabled seamless progress and quick issue
resolution.

4. Safety Practices: Effective protocols ensured a safe working environment.

Challenges:

1. Reinforcement Bar Misalignment: Caused by inadequate bracing during concrete pouring,

potentially affecting structural strength.

2. Concrete Leakage: Gaps in formwork led to leakage, risking reduced strength in some areas.

Overall, issues have been addressed to keep the project on track and maintain quality
standards.
 Corrective Actions and Recommendations (Short Points):

1. Reinforcement Alignment:

Use proper bracing and spacers to secure reinforcement bars.

Conduct regular inspections during concreting.

2. Formwork Sealing:

Seal formwork gaps with foam tape or mastic sealant.

Brace formwork to prevent leakage and ensure uniform casting.

3. Quality Assurance:

Enhance supervision during concreting and reinforcement placement.

Ensure adherence to design specifications.

Overall Assessment (Short):

The project is progressing well, adhering to schedules and quality standards. Materials,
execution, and teamwork are commendable. Issues like reinforcement misalignment and
concrete leakage were promptly addressed. With corrective measures in place, upcoming
phases are expected to proceed smoothly, meeting quality and safety standards.
Continued focus on quality control, coordination, and protocols will ensure timely project
completion.
 SOIL PENETRATIO TEST

Introduction

A standard penetration test (SPT) is one of the most popular in-situ tests carried out

worldwide. The test was developed in the United States in the 1920s .

Standard Penetration Test (SPT) is a simple and low-cost testing procedure widely used

in geotechnical investigation to determine the relative density and angle of shearing

resistance of cohesionless soils and also the strength of stiff cohesive soils.

Driving sequence

Firstly, a borehole is extended to a predetermined depth. The drill tools are removed, and

the sampler is lowered to the bottom of the hole. The sampler is driven into the soil by

hammer blows to the top of the drill rod . The standard weight of the hammer is 63.5 kg

(140 lbs), and for each blow, the hammer drops a distance of 760 mm (30 inches).

The number of blows required for a spoon penetration of three consecutive 150 mm (6

inches) intervals is recorded . The number of blows required to penetrate the first 150

mm is called “seating drive” and the total number of blows required to penetrate the

remaining 300 mm depth is known as the “standard penetration resistance”, or

otherwise, the “N-value”. If the N-value exceeds 50 then the test is discontinued and is

called a “refusal”. The interpreted results, with several corrections, are used to estimate

the geotechnical engineering properties of the soil.

The sampler is then withdrawn, and the shoe and coupling are removed. Finally, the soil

sample recovered from the tube is placed in a glass bottle and transported to the

laboratory.