PHYSICS

F.Sc / ICS – 1st Year

Question Bank

CHAPTER 4
WORK AND ENERGY
MCQs
1. When the velocity of a body is doubled.
(a) Its K.E is doubled (b) Its P.E doubled
(c) Its momentum is doubled (d) Its acceleration is doubled
2. The time taken by an engine of power 10 kw to lift a mass of 200 kg to a height of 40 m is.
(a) 2 sec (b) 4 sec (c) 8 sec (d) 16 sec
3. A body of mass 10 kg is dropped to the ground from a height of 10m. The work done by the gravitational
force is:
(a) -490 J (b) 490 J (c) -980 J (d) 980 J
4. The decrease in the potential energy of a ball of mass 20 kg which falls from a height of 50 cm is:
(a) 968 J (b) 98J (c) 1980 J (d) None
5. The K.E of a body of mass 2 kg and momentum 2 Ns is:
(a) 1 J (b) 2J (c) 3 J (d) 4 J
6. The momentum of particle is numerically equal to its K.E. What is the velocity of the particle?
(a) 9 ms1 (b) 3 ms1 (c) 2 ms1 (d) 1 ms1
7. Which of the following types of force can do no work on the particle on which it acts?
(a) Frictional force (b) Gravitational force
(c) Elastic force (d) Centripetal force
8. Two masses of 1 g and 4 g are moving with equal kinetic energies. The ratio of the magnitudes of their
linear momentum is:
(a) 4 : 1 (b) 2 : 1 (c) 1 :2 (d) 1 : 16
9. A body of mass 3 kg lies on the surface of the table 2 m high. It is moved on the surface by 4 m. The
change of P.E will be:
(a) Zero (b) 9.8 J (c) 19.6 J (d) 329 J
10. A 2 kg body and a 3 kg body have equal momentum. If the kinetic energy of 3 kg body is 10 J. The K.E of
2 kg body will be:
(a) 6.66 J (b) 15 J (c) 22.5 J (d) 45 J
11. If a power of 1 kw is maintained for 1 second then work done is equal to:
(a) 103 J (b) 105 J (c) 3.6  106 J (d) 3.6  105 J
12. A body moves a distance of 10 m along a straight line under the action of force of 5 N. If the work done
is 25 Joules, the angle which the force takes with in the direction of motion of the body is.
(a) 0 (b) 30 (c) 60 (d) 90
13. Ratio of dimensions of power and K.E is:
(a) 1 : 1 (b) T : 1 (c) 1 : T (d) M : T
14. A child on a swing is 1 m above the ground at the lowest point and 6 m above the ground at the highest
point. The horizontal speed of the child at the lowest point of the swing is approximately:
(a) 8 ms-1 (b) 10 ms-1 (c) 12 ms-1 (d) 14 ms-1
15. A car weighing 1000 kg is moving at a speed of 54 kmh-1. The K.E. of the car is:
(a) 125 J (b) 1125 J (c) 0.1125 MJ (d) 112.5 MJ
16. The resistance of the stream of water on a motor boat moving with uniform velocity of 30 ms-1 is 5000
N. the power of the motor boat is:
(a) 1.50 KW (b) 15 KW (c) 105 KW (d) 150 KW
17. Due to some frictional forces, velocity of a body reduces from 10 ms to 6 ms-1. The percentage loss in
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K.E.
(a) 17.7 % (b) 64 % (c) 52 % (d) None of these
18. Geysers usually occur in:
(a) Hot regions (b) Cold regions (c) Volcanic regions (d) All of these
19. A body is dropped from a height of 20 m and rebounds to height of 10 m. The loss of energy is:
(a) 10 % (b) 45 % (c) 50 % (d) 75 %
20. A force 4 N acts through a distance of 11 m in the direction of the force. The work done is:
(a) 10 J (b) 11 J (c) 15 J (d) 44 J
21. If distance is plotted against x-axis and K.E against y-axis, then slope of the graph is:
(a) Distance (b) Kinetic energy (c) Velocity (d) Force
22. A stone of mass m is moved in a circle of radius r with constant speed v. The work done by the force
over half the circumstance of the circle is:
mv2 mv2
(a) Zero (b)  r (c)  2 r (d) Mg  2 r
r r
23. A ball is thrown vertically upward in free space its total mechanical energy:
(a) Remains constant
(b) Increasing during ascent
(c) Is zero at max. height
(d) Is equal to K.E at a point just below the max. height
24. A railway coolie carrying a load of 20 kg on his head walks a distance of 10 m on a horizontal surface. The
work by the coolie against the force of gravity is:
(a) Zero (b) 200 J
(c) 200  9.8  10 J (d) A function of coefficient of friction
25. A one kilowatt motor is used to pump water from a well 10 m deep. The quantity of water pumped out
per second is nearly:
(a) 1kg (b) 10 kg (c) 100 kg (d) 1000 kg
26. A conservative force moves a body round a closed path. Work done will be:
(a) Zero (b) +ive (c) -ive (d) 
27. A heavy stone is thrown from a cliff of height h with a speed v. the stone will hit the ground with max.
speed if it is thrown.
(a) Vertically downward
(b) Vertically upward
(c) Horizontally
(d) The speed does not depend on the initial direction
28. A body of mass m is lifted by a man to a height of one metre in 30s. Another man lifts the same mass to
the same height in 60s. The work done by them is in the ratio:
(a) 1:1 (b) 1:2 (c) 2:1 (d) 4:1
29. The method used to convert biomass into fuel are:
(a) Direct combustion (b) Fermentation (c) Both a and b (d) None of these
30. A body moving with a velocity of 5ms1 , possess kinetic energy of 625 J while in motion. Mass of the
body is:
(a) 50 grams (b) 500 grams (c) 5 kg (d) 50 kg
31. If work is done at the rate of 240 J per min. by a machine, then its power is:
(a) 240watts (b) 4 watts (c) 0.4 watts (d) 0.04 watts
32. Two bodies with K.E in the ratio of 4 : 1 are moving with equal linear momentum. The ratio of their
masses is:
(a) I : 2 (b) 1 : 1 (c) 4: 1 (d) 1 :4
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33. The engine of an intercity train, travelling at 50ms , delivers a power of 2 MW. What is the force exerted
by the engine?
(a) 40  104 N (b) 1  105 N (c) 4  107 N (d) 1  108 N
34. Car X is travelling at half the speed of car Y. Car X has twice the mass of car Y. Which statement is correct?
(a) Car X has half K.E of car Y (b) Car X has one quarter K.E of car Y
(c) Car X has twice the K.E of car Y (d) The two cars have the same K.E
35. A weight lifter of power 1960 watt lifts a load of mass M from the ground to a height of 2 m in 3 second.
M is:
(a) 100 kg (b) 200 kg (c) 300 kg (d) 400 kg
36. The power developed by a 50 kg boy when moving with a velocity of 2ms1 upward in a direction making
an angle of 60° with the vertical is:
(a) 980 W (b) 490 W (c) 490 3W (d) 245 W
37. A sprinter weighing 50 kg increases her speed from 0 to 4ms1 in 1 second. The power developed by the
sprinter is:
(a) 100W (b) 200 W (c) 300 W (d) 400 W
10
38. A person pushes a rock of 10 kg mass by applying a force of only 10 N for just 4 second. The work done
is:
(a) 1000 J (b) 0 J (c) +ive (d) 100 J
39. A motorboat moving with a constant velocity of 10 ms1 encounter water resistance of 1000 N. The
power of the motorboat is:
(a) 10 kW (b) 110 kW (c) 1000 kW (d) 106 kW
40. Absolute potential energy of the body at the earth’s surface is equal to:
GM GMm GMm GMm
(a)  (b)  (c)  (d)  2
R R r r
41. Two bodies ‘A’ and ‘B’ having masses in the ratio 1 : 4 kinetic energies in the raion 4 : 1. The ratio of the
linear momenta of A and B is:
(a) 1 :4 (b) 1 :2 (c) 1 : 1 (d) 1 : 15
42. Which of the following is not a biomass?
(a) Crop residue (b) Animal dung (c) Coal (d) Sewage
43. A stone of weight 4.0 N in the Earth’s gravitational field is moved from P to Q and then to R along the
path shown. How much P.E does the stone gain?

(a) 120 J (b) 200 J (c) 280 J (d) 1200 J

44. An electric motor of 100 W power drives a stirrer in a water bath. Only 80% of the energy supplied to the
motor is used up in stirring water. The work done on water in 1 second is:
(a) 100 J (b) 80 J (c) 180 J (d) 145 J
45. A person weighing 70 kg lifts a mass of 30 kg to the roof of a building 10 m high. If the takes 50 second
to do so, then power spent is:
(a) 19.6 W (b) 196 W (c) 300 W (d) 50 W
46. A body of mass 2 kg slides down a curved track which is quadrant of a circle of radius 1m. All the surfaces
are frictionless. If the body stars from rest, its speed at the bottom of the track is:

(a) 4.43ms1 (b) 2ms1 (c) 0.5ms1 (d) 19.6ms1

47. If momentum of a body increases by 20%, then the increase in its K.E is:
(a) 40% (b) 44% (c) 48% (d) 56%
48. The F – x graph of a particle of mass 100 g is shown. If the particle begins to move from rest at x = 0, its
velocity at x = 12 m is:

(a) 10ms1 (b) 20ms1 (c) 30ms1 (d) 40ms1

49. Figure shows F – x graph of a particle. The work done is:

(a) 0 J (b) 10 J (c) 20 J (d) 30 J

50. A motor drives a body along a straight line with a constant force. The power P developed by the motor
must vary with time ‘t’ according to:

(a) (b)

(c) (d)
51. A force acting on an object varies with distance x as shown. The work done by the force in moving object
from x = 0 to x = 6 m is:
 (a) 4.5 J (b) 18.0 J (c) 13.5 J (d) 9.0 J
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52. A car travelling at a speed of 30 kmh is brought to rest in 8 m by applying brakes. If the same car is
travelling at 60 kmh-1 then it can be brought to rest with the same braking power in:
(a) 5 m (b) 15 m (c) 24 m (d) 32 m

SHORT QUESTIONS
1. Show that work done by centripetal force is zero.
2. Define variable force. Give examples.
3. Show that work done along a closed path, in gravitational field, is zero.
4. Show that P  F.v
5. Define KWH. Also show that 1 KWH = 3.6 MJ
6. Define conservative field. Give examples.
7. State and prove work energy principle.
8. Define escape velocity. Show that escape velocity for moon is 2.4 km/s.
9. Explain energy from tides.
10. Calculate the work done in kilo joules in lifting a mass of 10 kg (at steady velocity) through a vertical
height of 10m.
11. In which case is more work done? When a 50 kg bag of books is lifted through 50 cm, or when a 50
kg crate is pushed through 2 m across the floor with a force of 50 N.
12. An object has 1 J of potential energy. Explain what does it mean?
13. When a rocket re-enters the atmosphere, its nose cone become very hot. Where does this heat
energy come from?
14. A girl drops a cup from a certain height, which breaks into pieces. What energy changes are
involved?
15. Define absolute potential energy. Write its expression at surface of earth.
16. A brick of mass 2 kg is dropped from a rest position 5 m above the ground. What is its velocity at
height of 3 m above the ground?

LONG QUESTIONS
1. Show that work done in the Earth’s gravitational field is independent of the path followed.
OR
Show that gravitational field is a conservative field.
2. Explain interconversion of P.E and K.E.

PROBLEMS
1. A man pushes a lawn-mower with a 40 N force directed at an angle of 20o downward from the
horizontal. Find the work done by the man as he cuts a strip of grass 20 m long.
2. Ten bricks each 6.0 cm thick and mass 1.5 kg, lie flat on a table. How much work is required to stack
them one on the top of another?
3. 100 m3 of water is pumped from a reservoir into a tank, 10 m higher than the reservoir, in 20
minutes. If density of water is 1000 kg m-3, find
(i) The increase in P.E
(ii) The power delivered by the pump.
4. How large force is required to accelerate an electron (m=9.1 x 10-31 kg) from rest to a speed 2.0 x
107 ms-1 through a distance of 5.0 cm?
5. A diver weighing 750 N dives from a board 10 m above the surface of pool of water. Use the
conservation of mechanical energy to find his speed at a point 5.0 m above the water surface,
neglecting air friction.
6. A 70 kg man runs up a long flight of stairs in 4 s. The vertical height of these stairs is 4.5 m.
Calculate his power output in watts.