Colitis
"Eating Right for Digestive Peace"
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
What is Colitis ?
Colitis refers to inflammation of the
colon, or large intestine. It can result from
various causes and presents with a range
of symptoms and severities.
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
Types of Colitis
1. ULCERATIVE COLITIS
A chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
that causes long-lasting inflammation and
sores (ulcers) in the innermost lining of the
colon and rectum.
2. CROHN'S DISEASE
Another type of IBD, which can affect any
part of the gastrointestinal tract but often
impacts the colon.
3. INFECTIOUS COLITIS
Caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites.
4. ISCHEMIC COLITIS
Occurs when blood flow to a part of the colon
is reduced, often due to narrowed or blocked
arteries.
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
5. MICROSCOPIC COLITIS
Includes collagenous colitis and lymphocytic
colitis, characterized by inflammation that
can only be seen with a microscope.
6. PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS COLITIS
Often related to antibiotic use, leading to an
overgrowth of Clostridioides difficile (C. diff)
bacteria.
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
Causes
The causes of colitis vary depending on the
type:
1. INFECTIONS
Bacterial, viral, or parasitic infections.
2. AUTOIMMUNE REACTIONS
The body's immune system mistakenly attacks
the colon, as seen in ulcerative colitis and
Crohn's disease.
3. REDUCED BLOOD FLOW
Due to conditions like atherosclerosis.
4. MEDICATIONS
Certain antibiotics and nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause colitis.
5. RADIATION THERAPY
Used for cancer treatment in the pelvic area.
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
Symptoms of Colitis
Symptoms of colitis can include:
Abdominal
Dehydration
Pain
Fatigue
Weight Loss
Diarrhea Fever
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
Diagnosis
1. MEDICAL HISTORY & PHYSICAL EXAM
Discussing symptoms and examining the
abdomen.
2. STOOL TESTS
To check for infections.
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
3. BLOOD TESTS
To identify signs of inflammation or
anemia.
4. COLONOSCOPY
Allows direct visualization and biopsy of
the colon.
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
5. CT SCAN OR MRI
To get detailed images of the colon and
surrounding tissues.
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
Treatment
1. MEDICATIONS
Anti-inflammatory drugs,
immunosuppressants, antibiotics, and
antidiarrheals.
2. DIETARY CHANGES
Avoiding foods that trigger symptoms and
ensuring adequate nutrition.
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
3. SURGERY
In severe cases, parts of the colon may need to
be removed.
4. SUPPORTIVE CARE
Hydration and pain management.
Low Fiber Foods
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
Food To Consume
Low Fiber Foods Vegetables
Peeled Fruits
Curd Green Tea
Food To Avoid
Nuts & Seeds Onion & Garlic
Caffeine
Fast Food Energy Drink
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
Complications
Complications of colitis can include:
Severe bleeding
Perforated colon
Severe dehydration
Increased risk of colon cancer
Toxic megacolon (a rapid dilation of the
colon)
Strictures and fistulas (more common in
Crohn's disease)
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
Prevention
Preventive measures depend on the type
of colitis:
1. HYGIENE
Good handwashing and food safety
practices to prevent infections.
2. HEALTHY DIET
Maintaining a balanced diet to support
gut health.
3. AVOIDING NSAIDs
Using alternatives for pain relief if prone
to colitis.
4. REGULAR MEDICAL CHECKUPS
Monitoring for early signs, especially for
those with a family history of IBD.
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
Prognosis
The outlook for individuals with colitis
varies:
Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease:
Chronic conditions with periods of
remission and flare-ups; proper
management can improve quality of life.
Infectious Colitis: Generally good once
the infection is treated.
Ischemic and Pseudomembranous
Colitis: Dependent on the underlying
cause and timely treatment.
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
The Bottom Line
Colitis is a complex condition with multiple
causes and manifestations. Early diagnosis
and tailored treatment are crucial for
managing symptoms and preventing
complications. With ongoing medical
advances and proper care, individuals with
colitis can lead healthy, active lives.
Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
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Prepared By - Gaurav Sharma
Food Technologist/Academic Writer
