m`m¨ mnvwqKv

GBP Avi wW wefvM

ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vjq
KziAv‡bi cwifvlv
KziAvb wK? nhiZ hv‡q` web mvweZ (iv:) KwgwUi cÖavb n‡q KziAvb
KziAvb kãwUi Aviex hv K¡iDb ev K¡vibyb kã †_‡K Drcbœ| msKjb/wjwce× Kiv nq|
K¡viÕB kã ‡_‡K Avm‡j ÔKziAvbybÕ k‡ãi A_© nq AwaK †KviAvb wKfv‡e bvwhj nq : cweÎ KziAvb GKmv‡_ Avjøvni
cwVZ| cwifvlvq : gnvb Avjøvn iveyj Avjvgxb Zuvi ev›`vi ivmyj (mt) Gi Dci bvwhj Kiv nqwb, wewfbœ Ae¯’v Ges
c_ wb‡`©‡ki Rb¨ wReªvCj (Av.)- Gi gva¨‡g nhiZ gynv¤§v` NUbvi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z AvqvZ I m~iv bvwhj nq|
(mv.)-Gi Dci ch©vqµ‡g hv AeZxY© K‡i‡Qb Zv-B Avj Inx bvwh‡ji c×wZ: 7 wU
KziAvb| 1. N›Uvawbi mvnv‡h¨
KziAvb cwic~Y© Rxeb weavb : 2. mZ¨-¯^cœ‡hv‡M
G wKZv‡e Avgiv †Kvb wKQyB ev` †`Bwb| (AvbAvg : 38) 3. nhiZ wReªvBj (Avt) ¯^qs wbR AvK…wZ‡Z Dcw¯’Z n‡q
Av‡jvP¨ welq: gvby‡li Kj¨vY I AKj¨v‡Yi c_ wb‡`©k 4. gvby‡li AvK…wZ‡Z [nhiZ `vwnqvZzj K¡vjex (ivt)]
Kiv| 5. c`©vi AšÍivj n‡Z Avjøvni evYx kªeY
welq e¯‘ : gvbyl| 6. AšÍ‡i †KvbwKQz †X‡j †`qv (Bjnv‡gi gva¨‡g)
evPb fw½ : †jLvi aib bq, e³…Zvc~Y©| Aa¨vc‡Ki e³…Zv 7. Bmivwdj (Avt) Gi AvK…wZ‡Z |
bq, GKRb wecøex †bZvi SsKvi c~Y© e³…Zvi b¨vq| KziAvb Aa¨vq‡bi mgm¨v :
KziAv‡bi Aci K‡qKwU bvg : 1. Ab¨vb¨ mvaviY MÖ‡š’i b¨vq g‡b Kiv
1. Avj-û`v (wn`vqvZ) 2. GKB wel‡qi evi evi D‡jøL
2. Avj-dziKvb (mZ¨-wg_¨vi cv_©K¨Kvix) 3. †Kvb welq m~Px bv _vKv
3. Avb-b~i (†R¨vwZ) 4. KziAvb bvwR‡ji NUbv ev †cÖ¶vcU bv Rvbv
4. Avh-whKi (Dc‡`k) 5. bv‡mL-gvbmyL mgm¨v
5. wKZveyj-gyweb (my¯úó) 6. Aviwe fvlv bv Rvbv
6.Avj-Kvjvg (evYx) 7. Inxi fvlv bv eySv
7. Avj-nvK¡ (mZ¨) 8. ivm~‡ji wecøex Rxeb bv Rvbv
8.Avj-wnKgZ(†KŠkj) 9. wfbœ fvlv nIqv
9. wKZveyj nvKxg (cÖÁvgq) 10. avivevwnKZvi Afve
10. wmivZzj-gy¯ÍvwKg (mnR mij c_) 11. mwbœ‡ek ci¯úi nIqv
11. Avj nvw` (c_c`k©K) 12. GKwU welq †kl bv n‡Z Ab¨ wel‡qi AeZviYv|
12. Avj †evinvb (`jxj cÖgvY) mgvav‡bi Dcvq :
m~iv dvwZnvi Aci K‡qKwU bvg: 1. Aa¨q‡bi mgq wbi‡c¶ gb gMR wb‡q emv
1. D¤§yj KziAvb 2. D¤gyj wKZve 3. myivZzZ †`vqv 2. KziAvb bvwR‡ji †cÖ¶vcU I ivm~‡ji wecøex Av‡›`vj‡bi
4.myivZzj gybvhvZ 5. myivZzm wkdv 6. myivZzj nvg` wewfbœ Ae¯’v I ch©vq m¤ú‡K© my¯úó Ávb _vKv
7. myivZzk †kvKi 8. †gvbvhvZ 9. mvjvZ 3. N‡i e‡m KziAvb eySvi †P‡q KziAvb cÖwZôvi Av‡›`vj‡b
10. wmR`vn 11. wmdvn kixK n‡Z n‡e
†KviAvb AeZx‡Y©i w`K 11wU: 4. †ewVK aviYv gy‡Q †djv
1. gv°x 2. gv`vbx 3. wnRix 4. mvdix 5. bvnex 5. GKvMÖwP‡Ëi mv‡_ Aa¨vqb
6. jvBjx7. †mZvex 8. mvqdx 9. †Kivmx 6. †KviAv‡bi j¶¨ mwVK c_-cÖ`k©b
10. cÖ_g AeZxY© 11. †kl AeZxY© 7. †KviAv‡bi Av‡jvP¨ welq gvbyl|
nhiZ Avey eKi wmwÏK (ivt) Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ cweÎ †KviAvb †KviAv‡bi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨:
wjwce× Kiv nq| gvbyl‡K c_åóZv †_‡K evPuv‡bv Ges †n`vqvZ, gyw³ I
nhiZ Igi Bebyj Ave`yj LvËve (ivt) Gi civg‡k© †KviAvb Kj¨v‡Yi c‡_ Zz‡j wb‡q AvbvB †KviAv‡bi cÖK…Z j¶¨ I
wjwce× Kiv nq| D‡Ïk¨|

[1]
†gŠwjK ‰ewkó¨t gv`vbx m~ivi ‰ewkó¨t
1. me©hy‡Mi †kªô MÖš’ 1. AwaKvsk `xN© m~iv|
2. †kl Hkx MÖš’ 2. wnRi‡Zi c‡i bvwhj|
3. gvbe RvwZi BnKvjxb I ciKvjxb gyw³i mb` 3. mgvR MV‡b weavb|
4. fvimvg¨c~Y© c~Y©v½ Rxeb e¨e¯’v 4. †dvR`vix AvBb, wgivmx weavb, we‡q-ZvjvK, hvKvZ-
5. kvk¦Z AvBb Dki BZ¨v`xi wbqg Kvbyb|
6. Ab¨Zg mvwnZ¨ 5. `j, ivóª, mf¨Zv I mvgvwRKZvi wfwË|
7. ivmy‡ji (mt) †kªô †gv‡Rhv| 6. gybvwdK, Kvwdi, wRw¤§, Avn‡j wKZve hy×gvb kÎæ,
KziAv‡b niKZ ms‡hvRb wKfv‡e Kiv nq? mwÜmy‡Î Ave× RvwZi cÖwZ AvPib|
c~‡e© KziAv‡b †Kvb niKZ (‡hi, heig †ck) wQj bv| d‡j 7. Rq civRq, wec`-kvwšÍ, wbivcËv I fxwZ BZ¨v`x Ae¯’vq
KziAvb covi mgq A‡b‡KB fzj Ki‡Zv| m¼U †_‡K evuPvi gymjgvb‡`i KZ©e¨|
Rb¨ nhiZ Aveyj Avmv` †`vqvBjx bvgK GK e¨w³ Avjx GK bR‡i Avj KziAvb :
(ivt) Gi AbygwZµ‡g †hi, hei Ges †ck D™¢veb K‡ib| 1. m~iv-114 wU
hvi d‡j Aviwe e¨vKi‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †`Lv †`q| cieZx© 2. gv°x myiv-86 gZvšÍ‡I 89 wU
mg‡q Lwjdv Avãyj gv‡j‡Ki kvmbvg‡j 86 wnRix‡Z nv¾vR 3. gv`vbx m~iv-28 gZvšÍ‡i 25 wU
web BDmyd KziAv‡b niKZ ms‡hvRb K‡ib| 4. iyKz : 554wU gZvšÍ‡i 561 wU
KziAv‡bi m~iv I Avqv‡Zi cÖKvi‡f`t 5. wmR`v : 14wU gZvšÍ‡I 15 wU
welqwfwËK AvqvZ 3 cÖKvi : h_vÑ 1. nvjvj 2. nvivg 6. cviv : 30wU
3. AvgQvj | 7. 1g bvwh‡ji mgq: wnRix c~e© 13 m‡b,610 Cmvqx
A_© eySvi w`K w`‡q 2 cÖKvi : 1. gynKvgvZ,2. 8. Bvwh‡ji †kl mgq: wnRix 11 m‡b, 632 Cmvqx
gyZvkv‡envZ| 9. KziAv‡bi gbwhj: 7 wU
10. KziAv‡bi kã msL¨v : 77277 (gZvšÍ‡i) 77934wU
bvwR‡ji w`K w`‡q 2 cÖKvi : 1. gv°x 2. gv`vbx|
11. A¶i msL¨v : 338606wU
gv°x m~iv msL¨v : 86wU|
12. cybive„wË Avqv‡Zi msL¨v : 2775wU
gv`vbx m~iv msL¨v : 28wU|
13. KziAv‡bi m~iv msL¨v : 114wU
gv°x m~iv : †h mg¯Í m~iv ivm~‡ji (mv.) gv°x Rxe‡b A_©vr 14. AvqvZ msL¨v : 6666 (gZvšÍ‡i) 6236wU
wnRi‡Zi c~‡e© AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i‡K gv°x m~iv e‡j| 15. KziAv‡b KziAvb kã G‡m‡Q : 61 evi
gv°x m~ivi ˆewkó¨ : 16. KziAv‡b Avjøvn kã G‡m‡Q: 2584/2699
1. ivmyj (mt) ‡K †`qv weivU `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Dc‡hvMx 17. me©cÖ_g bvwhjK…Z c~Y©v½ m~iv : Avj-dvwZnv
Dc‡`k| 18. me©cÖ_g bvwhjK…Z AvqvZ/Inx : Avj-AvjvK (1-5)
2. Rxeb I RMZ m¤ú‡K© cÖPwjZ åvšÍ aviYv Ac‡bv`b I 19. me©‡kl bvwhjK…Z c~Y©v½ m~iv : Avb-bmi
mwVK wek¦vm m„wói †Póv | 20. me©‡kl bvwhjK…Z AvqvZ ev Inx : Avj-evKvivn 281
3. Bmjv‡gi eywbqv`x wfwˇK wewfbœfv‡e †ck Kiv| 21. me‡P‡q eo m~iv : AvjÑevKvivn
4. ZvInx`, †imvjvZ I AvwLiv‡Zi †ewk PP©v| 22. me‡P‡q †QvU m~iv : Avj-KvDmvi
5. gvby‡li NygšÍ we‡eK I ‰bwZKZv‡eva RvMÖZ K‡i wPšÍv 23. m~iv ZIevi Aci bvg : evivAvZ
kw³‡K mZ¨ MÖn‡Y AvMÖnx Kiv| 24. m~iv gynv¤§v‡`i Aci bvg : Avj-wKZvj
6. cÖv_wgKfv‡e me¸‡jvi fvlv ¯^”Q Sb©v avivi gZ SiS‡i, 25. KziAv‡b D‡jøwLZ 1 Rb mvnvexi bvg : hv‡q` Be‡b nv‡imv
†QvU‡QvU, Q›`gq, mn‡R gyL¯’ nevi Dc‡hvMx| (iv.)[m~iv Avnhve-37]
7. gv°x m~iv e¨w³ MV‡b †n`vqvZ c~Y©| 26. m~iv Avbdv‡j e`‡ii, ZIevq Zvey‡Ki, Avnhv‡e
8. gv°x m~ivq ‰a‡h©i Dc‡`k, we‡ivwaZvi Reve I L›`‡Ki, m~iv Bgiv‡b Dû‡`i hy‡×i NUbv Av‡Q|
†gvKv‡ejv Kivi c_ †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| 27. KziAv‡b wReªvBj (Av.)-†K iyûj Avgxb ejv n‡q‡Q|
9. wnRi‡Zi c~‡e© bvwRj n‡q‡Q| 28. RvwgDj KziAvb ejv nq: nhiZ Dmgvb (iv.) †K|
10. AwaKvsk m~iv †QvU †QvU| 29. Dmgvb (iv:) Gi Avw` cvÛywjwc msiw¶Z Av‡Q :Zzi‡¯‹i
gv`vbx m~iv: hv`yN‡i |
†h mg¯Í m~iv ivm~j (mvt) Gi gv`vbx Rxe‡b A_v©r wnhi‡Zi 30. KziAv‡b 1g niKZ †`b: Aveyj AvmIqv` †`vqvBjx
c‡i AeZxY© n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i‡K gv`vbx m~iv e‡j| 31. KziAv‡b niKZ ms‡hvRb K‡ib: nv¾vR web
BDmyd,wnRix 75 mv‡j(694 Cmvqx)

[2]
32. KziAv‡bi 1g Abyev` K‡ib(AvswkK): gvIjvbv Avgxi †KviAvb msKjbt 3 wU cš’v
DÏxb emywbqv| 1. wjwLZ Ask
33. KziAv‡bi c~Y©v½ Abyev` K‡ib:wMwik P›`ª †mb (biwms`x) 2. mvnvev‡q †Kivg‡`i wbKU †_‡K
34. c~bv©½ KziAvb MÖš’vKv‡i wjwce× nq : wnRix 12 3. nv‡dR‡`i wbKU †_‡K|
m‡b(633 Cmvqx) g°x Rxe‡bi Pvi ¯Íi t
`vim ‰Zixi wb‡`©wkKv : wnhi‡Zi c~‡e© nhiZ gynv¤§` (m) Zvi cweÎ Rxe‡bi †h As‡k
1. mnxn †ZjvIqvZ| g°vq AwZevwnZ K‡ib Ges hv Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi wewfbœ ¯Íi I
2. ZiRgv/ mij Abyev`| Ø›Ø msNv‡Zi †fZi w`‡q AwZµvšÍ nq, Zv‡K Avcb ‰ewk‡ó¨i
3. `vi‡mi cwiwPwZ| †cÖw¶‡Z PviwU ¯^Zš¿ ¯Í‡i wef³ Kiv hvq|
4. m~iv/nv`xm cwiwPwZ| cÖ_g ¯Íi : AvÛvi MªvDÛ cÖ_g- 3 eQi beyqv‡Zi ci cÖvq
5. m~ivi bvgKi‡Yi KviY| wZb eQi Kvj; G mg‡q `vIqvZ I cÖPv‡ii KvR †Mvc‡b
6. bvwh‡ji †cÖ¶vcU| AvÄvg †`qv nq|
7. m~ivi Av‡jvP¨ welq| wØZxq ¯Íi : cÖKv‡k¨ `vIqvZ- 2 eQi beyqv‡Zi cÖKvk¨
8. Avqv‡Zi msL¨v| †NvlYvi ci cÖvq VvÆv- we`ªæc K‡i, bvbviæc Acev` w`‡q
9. `vim †_‡K AwR©Z wk¶v| wg_¨v cÖPvibv Pvwj‡q Ges Gi weiæ‡× K_v evZ©v e‡j Zv‡K
†Kvb m~ivq wemwgjøvn †bB: m~iv ZvIevq `wg‡q †`evi †Póv Kiv nq|
†Kvb& m~ivq 2evi wemwgjøvn Av‡Q : m~iv bvg‡j 2 evi Z…Zxq ¯Íi : wewfbœ ai‡bi AZ¨vPvi I wbh©vZb- 5 eQi GZ
wemwgjøvn Av‡Q| m‡Ë¡I hLb Bmjvgx Av‡›`j‡b `„pfv‡e mvg‡b G¸‡Z _v‡K,
†KviAv‡b ewY©Z bexi msL¨vt 25 Rb| ZLb Ryjyg-wbh©vZ‡bi aviv ïiæ nq| gymjgvb‡`i Dci
‡KviAv‡b ewY©Z 25 Rb bexi bvg: wbZ¨-bZzb †Rvi-Ryjyg Pj‡Z _v‡K| GB Ae¯’v cÖvq cvuP- Qq
1. nhiZ Av`g (Avt) 2. nhiZ Cw`ªm (Avt) eQi Kvj Ae¨vnZ Pj‡Z _v‡K| Gmgq gymjgvb‡`i bvbviæc
3. nhiZ b~n (Avt) 4. nhiZ û` (Avt) wec` gywme‡Zi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq|
5. nhiZ mv‡jn (Avt) 6. nhiZ Beªvnxg (Avt) PZz_© ¯Íi : Pig we‡ivaxZv, wbôzi wbh©vZb- †kl 3 eQi Avey
7. nhiZ j~Z (Avt) 8. nhiZ BmgvCj (Avt) Zvwje I nhiZ Lv`xRv (iv) Gi Idv‡Zi ci †_‡K wnRiZ
9. nhiZ BmnvK (Avt) 10. nhiZ BqvKze (Avt) ch©šÍ cÖvq wZb eQiKvj| G ¯ÍiwU nhiZ (m.) Ges Zvui
11. nhiZ BDmyd (Avt) 12. nhiZ AvBDe(Avt) m½x‡`i R‡b¨ AZ¨šÍ KwVb msKU Kvj wQj|
13. nhiZ †mvqvBe (Avt) 14. nhiZ g~mv (Avt) gv`vbx hy‡Mi wewfbœ ¯Íit 4wU
15. nhiZ nviæb (Avt) 16. nhiZ h~jwdKj (Avt) 1. e`i hy‡×i c~e© ch©šÍ- 1 eQi 6 gvm |
17. nhiZ Bwjqvm (Avt) 18. nhiZ Bqvmv (Avt) 2. e`i †_‡K †nv`vqweqvi mwÜ ch©šÍ- 4 eQi 2 gvm|
19. nhiZ †mvjvBgvb (Avt) 20. nhiZ `vD` (Avt) 3. †nv`vqweqvi mwÜ †_‡K g°v weRq ch©šÍ- 4 eQi 10 gvm|
21. nhiZ BDbym (Avt) 22. nhiZ hvKvwiqv (Avt) 4. g°v weR‡qi ci †_‡K IdvZ ch©šÍ- 2 eQi 6 gvm|
23. nhiZ Bqvwnqv (Avt) 24. nhiZ Ckv (Avt) †KviAvb msKjb I msi¶‡Yi BwZnvmt
25. nhiZ gynv¤§v` (mvt) gnvbex (mt) Gi RxweZ _vKv Ae¯’vq wewfbœ mvnvexiv
m~iv ZvIevq Keyj cÖvß 3 Rb mvnvexi bvg: †KviAvb gyL¯’ K‡i wb‡qwQ‡jb Ges wewfbœ gva¨‡g wj‡L
1. nhiZ wnjvj Be‡b DgvBqv (ivt) †i‡L wb‡qwQ‡jb|
2. nhiZ gyiviv Be‡b iæevC (ivt) 35. cieZ©x‡Z nhiZ AveyeKi (ivt) Gi Avg‡j hLb
3. nhiZ Kve Be‡b gvwjK (ivt) Bqvgvgvi hy‡× 70 Rb nv‡d‡R KziAvb kvnv`vZ eiY
†KviAvb †evSvi DcKiY: K‡ib, ZLb nhiZ Igi (ivt) Gi civgk©µ‡g hv‡q`
1. Aviex fvlv m¤ú‡K© Ávb AR©b web mvweZ (ivt) Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ GKwU KwgwU MVb K‡ib I
2. ivmy‡ji (mt) Gi Rxebx fvj K‡i Rvbv msKj‡bi KvR ïiæ K‡ib| Gi g~j GK Kwc nhiZ
3. gynv¤§` (mt) †K GKgvÎ Av`k© wk¶K wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv nvdmv (ivt) Gi Kv‡Q iv‡Lb|AviI c‡i nhiZ Dmgvb
4. wewfbœ RvwZi DÌvb-cZ‡bi BwZnvm Mfxifv‡e Aa¨qY (ivt) Gi Avg‡j G‡m †h mvZwU fvlvq KziAvb iwPZ I
5. †KviAvb M‡elK ev AZxZ Avmgvbx wKZve cov cÖPwjZ wQj me¸‡jv cywo‡q †`b I KzivBk fvlv e¨ZxZ
6. m„wó RM‡Zi wewfbœ inm¨ Dcjwä Kiv (evK¡viv-190)| me fvlvi †ZjvIqvZ jyß K‡ib| cieZ©x‡Z GKwU Kwc
‡KviAvb eySvi mwVK †ÿÎ †KvbwU? Avevi nhiZ nvdmv (ivt) Gi wbKU iv‡Lb Ges Zvi
‡KviAvb eySvi mwVK †ÿÎ n‡”Q Av‡›`vj‡bi gq`vb| K‡qKwU Kwc K‡i wewfbœ †`‡ki cÖavb‡`i Kv‡Q cvVvb|

[3]
 eZ©gv‡b nhiZ Dmgvb (iv:) Gi Avw` cvÛywjwc msiw¶Z 2. Mv‡Qi Qv‡j I cvZvq wj‡L|
Av‡Q Zzi‡¯‹i hv`yN‡i | 3. cïi Pvgovq wj‡L|
KziAvb msi¶‡bi gva¨gmg~nt 4. cïi nv‡o wj‡L|
1. mvnvex‡`i gyL¯’ K‡i AšÍKi‡bi gva¨‡g| 5. cv_‡ii Mv‡q wj‡L|

nv`x‡mi cwifvlv
nv`xm t nv`xm Aviex kã| Aviex Awfavb I †KviAv‡bi 3. Rqxd nvw`m|
e¨envi Abyhvqx nv`xm k‡ãi A_© -K_v, evYx, evZ©v, msev`, mb‡`i w`K w`‡q nvw`m wZb cÖKvit
welq, Lei, I e¨vcvi BZ¨vw`| 1. gvidz nvw`m
cwifvlvq: bex gynv¤§` (mt) Gi K_v, KvR I †gŠb m¤§wZ‡K 2. gvIKzd nvw`m
ejv nq nv`xm| GK K_vq ivmyj (mt) Gi beyqvZx Rxe†bi 3. gvKZz nvw`m|
mKj K_v KvR Ges Aby‡gv`b‡K nvw`m e‡j| ÎæwUc~Y© eY©bvi w`K w`‡q nvw`m `yB cÖKvit
1. mvnvev‡`i K_v, KvR I Aby‡gv`b‡K ejv nq AvQvi| 1. kvh nvw`m
2. Zv‡eqx I Zv‡e Zv‡eqx‡`i K_v KvR I Aby‡gv`b‡K ejv 2. gyqvjvj nvw`m|
nq d‡Zvqv| nvw`m I mybœvni cv_©K¨t mybœvn nj ivmyj (mt) Gi ev¯Íe
mvnvex t †h e¨w³ ivm~jyjøvn (m:)-Gi mvnPh© jvf K‡i‡Qb, Kg©bxwZ Avi nvw`m ej‡Z ivmyj (mt) Gi K_v, KvR I mg_©b
Zuv‡K †`‡L‡Qb I Zuvi GKwU nv`xm eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Ges †K eySvq|
Cgv‡bi mv‡_ g„Zy¨eiY K‡i‡Qb Zuv‡K mvnvex e‡j | AvQvit mvnvev‡q †Kiv‡gi K_v I KvR †K AvQvi e‡j|
Zv‡eqx t whwb Cgv‡bi mv‡_ †Kvb mvnvexi mvnPh© jvf mb`t nvw`m eY©Yvi avivevwnKZv †K mb` e‡j|
K‡i‡Qb Ges mvnvex‡`i AbyKiY K‡i‡Qb Zuv‡K Zv‡eqx e‡j| gZbt nvw`‡mi g~j Ask‡K gZb e‡j|
Zv‡e Zv‡eqx t whwb Cgv‡bi mv‡_ †Kvb Zv‡eqxi mvnPh© jvf ivÕext nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvix‡K ivÕex e‡j|
K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv‡eqx‡`i AbyKiY K‡i‡Qb Zuv‡K Zv‡e Zv‡eqx †iIqv‡qZt nvw`‡mi eY©Yv‡K †iIqv‡qZ e‡j|
e‡j | gynvwÏmt whwb nvw`m PP©v K‡ib Ges eû msL¨K nvw`‡mi mb`
†kªYxwefvMt I gZb m¤ú‡K© we‡kl Ávb iv‡Lb Zv‡K gynvwÏm e‡j|
gyj e³‡e¨i (gZ‡bi) wfwˇZ 3 cÖKvi : gvidyt †h nvw`‡mi eY©Yvm~Î ivmyj (mt) ch©šÍ †cŠ‡Q‡Q Zv‡K
1. K¡Ijx nvw`m: ivm~j (mvt) Gi K_v RvZxq nv`xm gvidz nvw`m e‡j|
2. †dÕwj nvw`m : ivm~j (mvt) Gi Kvh©weeiY m¤^wjZ nv`xm gvIKzdt †h nv`x‡mi eY©Yv myÎ ïay mvnvex ch©šÍ †cŠ‡Q‡Q
3. ZvK¡wiix nvw`m: ivm~j (mvt) Gi m¤§wZm~PK nv`xm Zv‡K nvw`‡m gvIKzd e‡j|
ivexÕi msL¨vi w`K w`‡q nvw`m 2 cÖKvi: gvKZzt †h nvw`‡mi eY©Yv myÎ ïay ZvweC ch©šÍ †cŠ‡Q‡Q Zv‡K
1. gyZvIqvwZi nvw`‡m gvKZz e‡j|
2. Le‡i Avnv`| gyËvwmjt †h nv`x‡mi mb‡`i avivevwnKZv Dci †_‡K bxP
Le‡i Avnv` Avevi 3 cÖKvi ch©šÍ c~Y©iæ‡c msiw¶Z Av‡Q, †Kvb ¯Í‡Í iB ivÕexi bvg ev`
1. nvw`‡m gvkûi c‡owb Zv‡K gyËvwmj nvw`m e‡j|
2. nvw`‡m AvRxR gybKv‡Zt †h nv`x‡mi mb‡`i avivevwnKZv iw¶Z nqwb,
3. nvw`‡m Mixe| gvSLv‡bi †Kvb GK¯Í‡i eY©YvKvixi bvg ev` c‡o‡Q, Zv‡K
ivex ev` covi w`K w`‡q nvw`m 2 cÖKvi gybKv‡Z nvw`m e‡j|
1. gyËvwmj nvw`m gyimvjt mb‡`i g‡a¨ ZvweÕCi ci eY©YvKvixi bvg ev` co‡j
2. gybKvwZ nvw`m| Zv‡K gyimvj nvw`m e‡j|
gybKvwZ nvw`m Avevi 3 cÖKvi gyÕ`vjt †h nvw`‡mi mb‡`i g‡a¨ †_‡K ch©vqµ‡g `yRb
1. gyqvjvK nvw`m eY©YvKvixi bvg ev` c‡o †M‡Q Zv‡K nvw`‡m gyimvj e‡j|
2. gy`vjvm nvw`m gy`vjvmt †h me nvw`‡m ivex DaŸ©Zb ivexi m‡›`ngy³ kã
3. gyimvj nvw`m| cÖ‡qv‡M D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K gy`vjvm nvw`m e‡j|
ivexÕi ¸Y Abyhvqx nvw`m 3 cÖKvit gyAvjvKt †h nvw`‡m mvnvexi ci GK ev GKvwaK ivexi bvg
1. mnxn nvw`m ev` c‡o‡Q Zv‡K gyAvjvK nvw`m e‡j|
2. nvmvb nvw`m

[4]
gyAvjvjt †h nvw`‡mi mb‡` wek¦¯’Zvi wecixZ Kvh©vejx Le‡i Avnv`t †hme nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvixi msL¨v gyZvIqvwZ‡ii
†Mvcbfv‡e wbwnZ _v‡K Zv‡K nvw`‡m gyAvjvj e‡j| msL¨v ch©šÍ †cŠ‡Qwb Zv‡K Le‡i Avnv` nv`xm e‡j|
gyhZvwiet †h nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvix gZb ev mb`‡K wewfbœ cÖKvi gyËvdvKzb AvjvBwnt †hme nvw`m Cgvg †evLvix I Cgvg
G‡jv‡g‡jv K‡i eY©Yv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K gyhZvwie nvw`m e‡j| gymwjg GK‡Î ¯^ ¯^ MÖ‡š’ eY©Yv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K gyËvdvKzb
gy`ivRt †h nvw`‡mi g‡a¨ eY©YvKvix Zuvi wb‡Ri A_ev †Kvb AvjvBwn e‡j|
mvnvex ev Zv‡eCi Awfe¨w³ ms‡hvRb K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K gy`ivR Av`vjZt eY©YvKvix gymwjg c~Y© eq¯‹ Ávbx wdm‡Ki Dcvq
nvw`m e‡j| DcKiY †_‡K Ges gvbeZv we‡ivax Kg©KvÛ †_‡K `~‡i
gymbv`t †h gvidz nvw`‡mi mb` m¤ú~Y©iæc gyËvwmj Zv‡K _vKv‡K Av`vjZ e‡j|
gymbv` nvw`m e‡j| hveZt kÖæZ welq‡K RoZv I webó †_‡K Ggbfv‡e msi¶Y
gybKvit †h nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvix `~e©j Ges Zvi ewY©Z nvw`m Kiv †hb Zv h_vh_fv‡e eY©Yv Kiv m¤¢e, Zv‡K hveZ e‡j|
Aci `~e©j eY©YvKvixi ewY©Z nvw`‡mi cwicwš’ nq Zv‡K wQKvnt †h eY©YvKvixi g‡a¨ Av`vjZ I hveZ c~Yf © v‡e
gybKvi nv`xm e‡j| we`¨gvb, Zv‡K wQKvn e‡j|
gvZiæKt nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvix hw` nvw`‡mi e¨vcv‡i wg_¨v kvqLt nvw`‡mi wk¶v`vbKvix eY©YvKvix‡K kvqL e‡j|
cÖgvwYZ bv n‡q K_vq wg_¨v cÖgvwYZ nb Zv‡K gvZiæK nvw`m kvBLvBbt gynvwÏm‡`i cwifvlvq Cgvg eyLvix I Cgvg gymwjg
e‡j| (it) †K GK‡Î kvBLvBb e‡j|
gvI`yt eY©YvKvix hw` mgv‡jvwPZ e¨w³ nb Avi hw` wZwb nvwdht whwb nvw`‡mi mb` I gZ‡bi mg¯Í e„ËvšÍ mn GKjvL
nvw`m eY©Yvq wg_¨vev`x nb Z‡e Zvi ewY©Z nvw`m‡K gvI`y nvw`m gyL¯’ K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K nvwdh e‡j|
nvw`m e‡j| û¾vZt whwb wZb jvL nvw`m AvqZ¡ K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K û¾vZ
gyenvgt †h nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvixi mwVK cwiPq cvIqv hvqwb, e‡j|
hvi wfwˇZ Zvi †`vl, ¸Y wePviKiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ggb nvwKgt whwb mg¯Í nvw`m mb` I gZb mn gyL¯Í K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K
nvw`m‡K gyenvg nvw`m e‡j| nvwKg e‡j|
gyZvIqvwZit †hme nvw`‡mi mb‡` eY©YvKvixi msL¨v GZ weRvjt nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvixi mgwó‡K weRvj e‡j|
AwaK †h Zviv mevB GK‡hv‡M †Kvb wg_¨vi Dci HK¨gZ Zvwjet whwb nvw`m kv¯¿ wk¶vq wb‡qvwRZ Zv‡K Zvwje e‡j|
nIqv Am¤¢e Zv‡K gyZvIqvwZi nvw`m e‡j| nvw`‡m Kz`mxt †h nvw`‡mi g~jfve gnvb Avjøvni Ges fvlv
gvkûit †hme nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvixi msL¨v wZb ev wZ‡bi AwaK gnvbex nhiZ gynv¤§` (mt) Gi wbR¯^ Zv‡K nvw`‡m Kz`mx
n‡e wKš‘ gyZvIqvwZ‡ii ch©vq ch©šÍ †cŠQ‡e bv Ggb nvw`m‡K e‡j|
gvkûi nvw`m e‡j| †`ivqvZt nv`x‡mi g~j wel‡q Af¨šÍixb mv¶¨ cÖgv‡bi wfwˇZ
gvidt †Kvb `~e©j eY©YvKvixi ewY©Z nvw`m Aci †Kvb `~e©j †h mgv‡jvPbv Kiv nq Zv‡K †`ivqvZ e‡j |
eY©YvKvixi ewY©Z nvw`‡mi we‡ivax n‡j A‡c¶vK…Z Kg `~e©j †iRvj t nv`x‡mi ivex mgwó‡K †iRvj e‡j |
eY©YvKvixi nvw`m‡K gvid nvw`m e‡j| AvmgvDj †iRvj: †h kv‡¯¿ ivex‡`i Rxebe„ËvšÍ eY©bv Kiv
gyZvwet GK ivwei nvw`‡mi Abyiƒc hw` Aci ivexi †Kvb n‡q‡Q Zv‡K AvmgvDj †iRvj e‡j|
nvw`m cvIqv hvq Z‡e wØZxq ivexi nvw`m‡K cÖ_g nvw`‡mi AvÔ‡`j t †h e¨w³ ÔZvKIqv I giyIZÕ AR©b Ki‡Z m¶g
gyZvwe e‡j| n‡q‡Qb Zv‡K AvÔ‡`j e‡j|
mnxnt †h gyËvwmj nvw`‡mi mb‡` DׄZ cÖ‡Z¨K eY©YvKvixB †QKvn& t †h e¨w³i g‡a¨ Av`j ¸b cwic~Yf © v‡e cvIqv hv‡e
wbf©i‡hvM¨, wek¦¯Í , cªLi ¯§iYkw³ m¤úbœ Ges nvw`mLvwb Zv‡K †QKvn& e‡j |
mKj cÖKvi ÎywU weP¨ywZ †_‡K gy³ Zv‡K mnxn nvw`m e‡j| Avmnv‡e myd&dv& t †h mKj mvnvex me mgq ivm~j (m:)
nvmvbt †h nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvixi ¯§iYkw³ wKQzUv `~e©j e‡j mvnP‡h© _vK‡Zb Zuvi Av‡`k wb‡la ïb‡Zb I KÚ¯’ Ki‡Zb
cÖgvwYZ Zv‡K nvmvb nvw`m e‡j| GB wbw`©ó msL¨K mvnvex‡`i‡K ÔAvmnv‡e mydd & vÕ e‡j |
hvqxdt †h nvw`‡mi eY©YvKvix †Kvb nvmvb eY©YvKvixi gynvwÏmt whwb nv`xm kv‡¯¿i cwÛZ, nv`xm PP©v K‡ib Ges eû
¸Ym¤úbœ bb Zv‡K hvqxd nvw`m e‡j| nv`x‡mi mb`,gZb m¤ú‡K© we‡kl Ávb iv‡Lb Zv‡KB gynvwÏm
Avhxht †h mnxn nvw`m cÖwZ¯Í‡i Kgc‡¶ `yÕRb eY©YvKvix e‡j |
eY©Yv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K nvw`‡m Avwhh e‡j| dKxn&t hviv nv`x‡mi AvBbMZ w`K chv©‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb
Mvwiet †h mnxn nvw`m me©¯Í‡i GKRb ivex eY©Yv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i‡K dKxn& e‡j |
Zv‡K Mvwie nvw`m e‡j| Rv‡g: ‡h MÖ‡š’ nv`xm mg~n‡K welqe¯‘ Abymv‡i mvRv‡bv
kvht †h nvw`m †Kvb wek¦¯Í eY©YvKvix GKvKx eY©Yv K‡i‡Qb n‡q‡Q Zv‡K Rv‡g e‡j|
Ges Zvi mg_©‡b Ab¨ †Kvb eY©Yv cvIqv hvqbv, Zv‡K kvh wmnvn& wmËvt †h QqLvbv nv`xm MÖš’ Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m
nvw`m e‡j| AwaKZi weï× e‡j cÖgvwbZ n‡q‡Q Zv‡KÔ wmnvn& wmËvÕ e‡j|
[5]
 QqLvbv nv`xm MÖš’ n‡jv: nv`xm msKj‡bi msw¶ß BwZnvmt
1. †evLvix kixd ivmyjyjøvn (m.)-Gi RxeÏkvq nv`xm msKwjZ nq wb|
2. gymwjg kixd mvnvexMY nv`xm wjL‡Z ïi Ki‡j gnvbex (m.) KziAv‡bi
3. Avey `vD` kixd mv‡_ nv`x‡mi mswgkªY Gi AvksKvq nv`xm wjL‡Z wb‡la
4. wZiwgRx kixd K‡ib| AZGe Gici wZwb we‡kl K‡qKRb mvnvex‡K nvw`m
5. bvmvqx kixd wjL‡Z AbygwZ w`‡qwQ‡jb| cieZ©xKv‡j Ljxdv Dgi Be&b
6. Be‡b gvRvn kixd | Ave`yj Avhxh KziAv‡bi mwVK gg© Dcjwä Kivi Rb¨ nvw`m
mnxn nv`x‡mi ˆewkó¨: msMªn I msKjb Kivi Avnevb Rvbvb| Zuvi Avnev‡b me©cÖ_g
1. gyËvwmj mb`, A_©vr Awew”Qbœ eY©bvm~Î| Be&b wknve hynix, Avey eKi Be&b nvd&m cªgyL nvw`m msMªn I
2. Av`j ev wek¦¯Í I wbf©i‡hvM¨ eY©bvKvix| msKj‡b GwM‡q Av‡mb| AZtci Bgvg gvwjK gyAvjøvdv,
3. heZ ev ¯^”Q ¯§ibkw³| Bgvg kvwdC gymbv` Ges Bgvg Avng` gymbv` bv‡g nv`xm
4. kvh bq| msKjb K‡ib| cieZ©xKv‡j QqwU wewkó nvw`m Mªš’ msKwjZ
5. gyqvjøvj bq| nq, hv wmnvn wmËvn bv‡g L¨vZ|
• mnxnvBb t nv`xm kv‡¯¿ †evLvix kixd I gymwjg kixd‡K wmnvn wmËvi cwimsL¨vb:
GK‡Î mnxnvBb e‡j | nv`xm
µg MÖš’ msKjK
• mybv‡b AvievÕAv t nv`xm kv‡¯¿ Avey `vD` kixd, wZiwgRx msL¨v
kixd, bvmvqx kixd I Be‡b gvRvn kixd‡K GKm‡½ Ômybv‡b 1 †evLvix kixd Avey Avãyjvn gynv¤§` Be‡b 7397
AvievÕ e‡j | BmgvBj Avj eyLvix
• ÔgyËvdvKzb AvjvB‡nÕ t †h nv`xm GKB mvnvexi wbKU n‡Z 2 gymwjg kixd Aveyj †nvmvBb gymwjg 4000
Bgvg †evLvix I gymwjg GKB m~‡Î eY©bv K‡i‡Qb Zv‡K Be‡b nv¾vR Avj KzkvBix
ÔgyËvdvKzb AvjvB‡nÕ e‡j | 3 Avey `vD` kixd Bgvg Avey `vD` myjvBgvb 4300
Avj Avmv` mvwR¯Ívbx
• Inx t Inx k‡ãi kvwãK A_©: Bkviv Kiv, Bw½Z Kiv |
4 wZiwgRx kixd Bgvg Avey Cmv gynv¤§` 3812
cwifvlvq: wKQy wj‡L cvVv‡bv, †Kvb K_vmn †jvK cvVv‡bv,
Be‡b Cmv AvZ& wZiwghx
Ac‡ii AÁvZmv‡i †Kvb †jvK‡K wKQy Rvwb‡q †`qv‡K Inx
e‡j| 5 bvmvqx kixd Avng` Be‡b ïqvBe Avb 4482
bvmvqx
†KviAvb I nv`x‡m Kz`mxi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨: 06 Be‡b gvRvn kixd Avey Avãyjvn gy: Be‡b 4338
gvRvn Avj KvRfxwb
†KviAvb nv`x‡m Kz`mx
†KviAvb RxeªvCj (Avt) nv`x‡m Kz`mx Bjnvg ev
Dcgnv‡`‡ki cvuPRb weL¨vZ gynvwÏm
Qvov bvwhj nqwb ÔjvI‡n mcœ‡hv‡M cªvß Gi fvlv ivm~j 1. kvqL gynv¤§v` BmnvK †`njfx (in.)
gvndzRÕ †_‡K AeZxY©| (m:)Gi| 2. kvqLyj wn›` gvngy`yj nvmvb †`njfx (in.)
3. kvqL Avãyj nK gynv‡Ïm †`njfx (in.)
†KviAvb Qvov bvgvR mnxn nv`x‡m Kz`mx cv‡V bvgvR nq
4. kvn& AvwRRyi ingvb
nqbv| bv|
5. kvn& IqvwjDjøvn †`njfx|
AcweÎ Ae¯’vq †Kvivb ¯úk© AcweÎ e¨w³ GgbwK nv‡qh
Kiv nvivg| †bdvm m¤úbœv bvixI ¯úk© m‡ev©”P msL¨K nv`xm eY©bvvKvixi bvg I nv`xm
Ki‡Z cv‡i| µwg: bvg msL¨v
†KviAvb gRx` †kªô wKš‘ nv`x‡b Kz`mx gyÕwRRv 01 nhiZ Avey ûivqiv (iv) 5374wU
gyÕwRRv| bq| 02 nhiZ Av‡qkv wmÏxKv (iv) 2210wU
†KviAvb Agvb¨ Ki‡j nv`x‡m Kz`mx Agvb¨ Ki‡j 03 nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b AveŸvm (iv) 1660wU
Kv‡di n‡Z nq| Kv‡di n‡Z nq bv| 04 nhiZ Avãyjøvn Be‡b Igi (iv) 1630wU
05 nhiZ Rv‡ei Be‡b Avãyjøvn (iv) 1540wU
06 nhiZ Avbvm Be‡b gv‡jK (iv) 1286wU
nv`xm msiÿY wKfv‡e Kiv nq? 07 nhiZ Avey mvC` Ly`wi (iv) 1170wU
1.wbqwgZ Avgj I ev¯Íe Abymi‡Yi gva¨‡g
2.wjLwb I gyL¯Í Ki‡Yi gva¨‡g
3.wkÿv`vb I MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g |
[6]
Avkviv‡q gyevkkvivn 10 Rb : 6. nhiZ ‡hvev‡qi Bebyj AvIqvg (iv)
GKmv‡_ Rvbœv‡Zi mymsev` cÖvß `kRb mvnvexi bvg- 7. nhiZ Avãyi ingvb Be‡b AvId (iv)
1. nhiZ Avey eKi Beby Avwe Kznvdv (iv) 8. nhiZ Avey Ievq`v Bebyj Rviivn (iv)
2. nhiZ Igi Bebyj LvIve (iv) 9. nhiZ mvÔ` web Avwe Iqv°vm (iv)
3. nhiZ Imgvb Beby Avddvb (iv) 10. nhiZ mvC` Be‡b hv‡q` (iv)|
4. nhiZ Avjx Beby Avwe Zvwje (iv)
5. nhiZ Zvjnv web Ievqw`jøvn (iv)

ZvRex`
msÁv: ZvRex` A_© my›`i I ï× Kiv| cwifvlvq, †h wbqg-Kvbyb cvV B`Mvg: gxg mvwK‡bi ci hw` gxg _v‡K Z‡e Dfq gxg‡K ¸bœvn mn
Ki‡j KziAvbyj Kvixg my›`i I ï× i~‡c cov hvq Zv‡K ZvRex` e‡j| co‡Z nq|
cÖ‡qvRbxqZv: ZvRex` Abyhvqx Avj KziAvb cov diR| Bhnvi: ‫ ب‬I ‫ م‬e¨ZxZ evKx 27 e‡Y©i †h †Kvb GKwU eY© hw` gxg
gvLivR: Aviex nid mg~n D”Pvi‡Yi ¯’vb‡K gvLivR e‡j| gvLivR mvwK‡bi ci _v‡K Z‡e Zv‡K ¸bœvn e¨ZxZ ¯úó K‡i co‡Z nq|
17wU| ,‫ أ‬kã covi wbqg: hw` ,‫ أ‬k‡ãi ‫ ل‬Gi c~e© e‡Y© †ck ev hei _v‡K Z‡e
jvnvb: KziAvb kixd fyj cov‡K jvnvb e‡j| H ‫† ل‬K †gvUv Ges hw` ‫ ل‬Gi c~e© e‡Y© †hi _v‡K Z‡e Dnv‡K wPKb K‡i
jvnvb `yB cÖKvit 1. jvn‡b Rjxt A_© eo fyj| KziAv‡bi GK A¶i‡K co‡Z nq| †hgbt -./0‫ أ‬- -1 ‫ﷲ‬
Ab¨ A¶i cov‡K jvn‡b Rjx e‡j| Bnv Kexiv ¸bvn| 2. jvn‡b Ldxt ‫( ر‬i) e‡Y© †cvi I evwiK covi wbqg:
A_© †QvU fyj| GK niKZ‡K Ab¨ niKZ cov‡K jvn‡b Ldx e‡j| Bnv ‡cvi: hw` ‫( ر‬i) e‡Y©i Dci hei ev †ck A_ev ‫( ر‬i) mvwKb c~‡e©
mMxiv ¸bvn Z‡e †Kvb †Kvb mgq Kexiv ¸bvnI n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| hei ev †ck nq|Zvn‡j †cvi ev †gvUv K‡i co‡Z nq|
IqvwRe ¸bœvn: ‫ ن‬Ges ‫ م‬e‡Y©i Dci Zvk`x` _vK‡j (evsjv P›`ª we›`yigZ evwiK: hw` ‫( ر‬i) ni‡di wb‡P †hi A_ev ‫( ر‬i) mvwKb c~ee© Zx© ni‡d
) ¸bœvn K‡i cov‡K IqvwRe ¸bœvn e‡j| IqvwRe ¸bœvn bv Ki‡j Kexiv †hi _vK‡j evwiK ev wPKb K‡i co‡Z nq|
¸bvn nq| †hgbt ‫إن‬ ّ gvÏt j¤^v ¯^‡i `xN© K‡i cov‡K gvÏ e‡j| gv‡Ïi nid
byb mvwKb: †h by‡bi Dci hhg _v‡K Zv‡K byb mvwKb e‡j| wZbwUt ‫ى و ا‬
Zvbexb: `yB hei, `yB †hi, `yB †ck †K Zvbexb e‡j|
byb mvwKb I Zvbexb covi wbqg PviwU: gvÏ ‡gvU 10 cÖKvi| h_v :
1. Bhnvi: byb mvwKb I Zvbex‡bi c‡i BRnv‡ii Qq ni‡di ( ‫ح ع ه ء‬
‫† ) خ غ‬Kvb GKwU Avm‡j H byb mvwKb I Zvbexb‡K ¸bœvn e¨wZZ 1 Avwjd 3 cÖKvi-
¯úó K‡i co‡Z nq| K. gv‡Ï Zvweqx :he‡ii ev‡g Lvwj Avwjd, †h‡ii ev‡g Bqv &Ges †c‡ki
†hgbt ‫أ‬ ev‡g IqvI n‡j GK Avwjd cwigvY j¤^v K‡i co‡Z nq| h_v-
L.. gv‡Ï e`j : gv‡Ïi ni‡di c~‡e©i nid hw` nvghv nq Zvn‡j Zv‡K
2. BK¡jve: byb mvwKb I Zvbex‡bi c‡i BK¡jv‡ei nid (‫)ب‬ GK Avwjd cwigvY j¤^v K‡i co‡Z nq|
Avm‡j ZLb H byb mvwKb I Zvbexb‡K ( ‫ ) م‬Øviv cwieZ©b K‡i h_v-
co‡Z nq| †hgbt M.gv‡Ï jxb : ‫ و‬wKsev ‫ ى‬mvwKb Ae¯’vq c~‡e©i ni‡d hei Ges c‡ii
3. B`Mvg: byb mvwKb I Zvbexb‡K B`Mv‡gi e‡Y©i mwnZ wgwj‡q co‡Z ni‡d IqvK&d mvwKb _vK‡j Zv‡K GK Avwjd cwigvY ch©šÍ j¤^v K‡i cov
nq| B`Mvg `yB cÖKvi| h_vt hvq|h_v-
B`Mv‡g ev¸bœvn: byb mvwKb I Zvbex‡bi c‡i B`Mv‡g ev 3 Avwjd 2 cÖKvi-
¸bœvni Pvi ni‡di ( ‫† ) ى ن و م‬Kvb GKwU Avm‡j ¸bœvn K.gv‡Ï Av‡ihx : gv‡Ïi ni‡di c‡i IqvK&d Kivi c~‡e© mvwKb _vK‡j
wZb Avwjd cwigvY j¤^v K‡i co‡Z nq|
mnKv‡i wgjvBqv co‡Z nq| †hgbt ‫ء‬ L.. gv‡Ï gybdvwmj : gv‡Ïi ni‡di c‡i wfbœ k‡ãi cÖ_‡g nvghv Avm‡j
B`Mv‡g †ejv¸bœvn: B`Mv‡g †e ¸bœvni `yB ni‡di (‫† ) ل‬h Zv‡K GK Avwjd cwigvY j¤^v Kiv Rv‡qR| wKš‘ wZb Avwjd cwigvY j¤^v
†Kvb GKwU Avm‡j ¸bœvn e¨wZZ wgjvBqv co‡Z nq| †hgb: KivB DËg|
‫ر‬ 4 Avwjd gv` 5 cÖKvi| h_v-
4. BLdv: byb mvwKb I Zvbex‡bi c‡i BLdvi 15 ni‡di †h †Kvb K. gv‡Ï gyËvwmj : gv‡Ïi ni‡di c‡i nvghv Avm‡j Zv‡K Pvi Avwjd
GKwU Avm‡j Dnv‡K ¸bœvn K‡i co‡Z nq| cwigvY j¤^v K‡i co‡Z nq|
BLdvi nidt( ‫)ك ق ف ظ ط ض ص ش س ز ذ د ج ث ت‬ L.gv‡Ï jvwRg K¡vjwg gyQv°vj|
M.gv‡Ï jvwRg K¡vjwg gyLvd&dvd|
gxg mvwKb: †h gx‡gi ( ‫ ) م‬Dci hhg ( ) _v‡K Zv‡K gxg mvwKb e‡j| N.gv‡Ï jvwRg nviwd gyQv°vj|
Bnv covi wbqg wZbwUt O.gv‡Ï jvwRg nviwd gyLvd&dvd|
BLdv: gxg mvwK‡bi ci hw` ‫ ب‬nid _v‡K ZLb Dnv‡K ¸bœvn K‡i K¡jK¡jvn: Rhghy³ nid‡K av°v w`‡q covi bvg ÔK¡jK¡jvnÕ| K¡jK¡jvi
co‡Z nq| nid 5wU| h_v: K¡d(‫)ق‬, Z¡(‫)ط‬, ev(‫)ب‬, Rxg(‫)ج‬, `vj(‫)د‬

[7]
 KwZcq myiv mgyn

m~iv AvZ Zxb

(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-08)

m~iv Avj whjhvj

wh
(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-08)
1,AvqvZ

m~iv Avj K`&i

(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-05)

[8]
myiv Avj KvwiÕAvn&
(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-11)

myiv ûgvhvn&
(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-09)
1,AvqvZ

‡m g‡b K‡i Zvi A_© wPiKvj Zvi Kv‡Q _vK‡e;

m~iv Avj Avmi

(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-03)

[9]
 myiv wdj m~iv gvÕDb
(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-5)
(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-7)
1,AvqvZ

m~iv KzivBk
(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-4)

m~iv KvIQvi
(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-3)
1,AvqvZ

[10]
m~iv Kvwdiƒb m~iv jvnve
(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-6)
(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-5)
1,AvqvZ

m~iv bvQi m~iv BLjvm

(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-3)
(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-4)
1,AvqvZ

[11]
 m~iv bvm
m~iv dvjvK (iæKz-1,AvqvZ-6)
1,AvqvZ
(iæKz-1,AvqvZ-5)

[12]
 welq wfwËK AvqvZ-nv`xm
j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ nv`xm
AvqvZ ‫ا‬9K/ :‫ ل‬8 (‫)ص‬MLD0‫; ان ا‬E4 ‫ ﷲ ا‬L4 4
‫َو َ َ َ ْ ُ ا ْ ِ ﱠ َوا ْ ِ ْ َ إِ ﱠ ِ َ ْ ُ ُو ِن‬ (‫;ى‬O )-N ‫ ا‬90‫@ و‬D4
A_©: Avwg R¡xb I gvbe RvwZ‡K †Kej Avgvi Bev`vZ Kivi Rb¨B m„wó A_©: Avãyjøvn Be‡b Avgi (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| im~j (m) e‡j‡Qb, ÒAvgvi
K‡iwQ| (m~iv Avh hvwiqvZ 56) c¶ †_‡K GKwU AvqvZ Rvb‡jI Zv Ac‡ii Kv‡Q †cuŠwQ‡q `vIÓ|
(eyLvix 3461)
َ &ِ َ َ ْ ‫ي َو َ َ& ِ ِ ﱠ'ِ َر ﱢب ا‬ َ ‫ُ ْ إِنﱠ‬
ُ ُ ‫! َ ِ َو‬
^e&

َ َ %ْ َ ‫ ِ" َو‬#
A_©: †n bex ejyb! Avgvi bvgvh, Avgvi Kzievbx, Avgvi Rxeb I Avgvi
g„Zz¨ meB gnvwe‡k¦i cÖwZcvjK Avjøvvni Rb¨| (AvbAvg 162) ‫ل‬9:‫ ل ر‬8 :‫ ل‬8 (‫)رض‬70 56‫ ا‬4‫و‬
‫;وا‬QDP <‫;وا ;وا و‬1 P <‫;وا و‬1 :(‫ﷲ)ص‬
nv`xm A_©: Avbvm Be‡b gvwjK (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjøvn (m)
e‡j‡Qb, ÒmnR K‡iv, KwVb K‡ivbv, mymsev` `vI, fxZkª× K‡ivbvÓ|
< :(‫ل ﷲ)ص‬9:;0 8 :‫ ل‬8 (‫)ر‬70 56‫ ا‬4 ‫و‬
‫ ه‬0‫ ه و وا‬0‫و‬ C0‫ ا‬B?‫ن ا‬9>‫@ ا‬A? -> ?‫= ا‬ wØZxq `dv : msMVb
C E ‫ س ا‬D0‫وا‬ AvqvZ
A_©: Avbvm Be‡b gvwjK (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjvø n (m) ‫ا‬5ُ D‫َ ﱠ‬Eَ َ ‫ ِ& ً َو‬9َ ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ ْ ِ ﱠ‬%َ ِ1 ‫ا‬5&ُ C
ِ َ:4ْ ‫َوا‬
e‡j‡Qb, Ò†Zvgv‡`i †Kn gywgb n‡Z cvi‡e bv, hZ¶Y ch©šÍ bv Avwg 1| A_©: †Zvgiv msNe×fv‡e Avjøvni i¾y‡K aviY Ki Ges ci¯úi
Zvi wbKU Zvi mšÍvb, wcZv Ges Ab¨vb¨ mKj gvby‡li †P‡q AwaK wcÖq wew”Qbœ n‡qv bv| (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb 103)
nBÓ| (gyËvdvKzb AvjvBwn)
7ْ 8ُ ‫َ ﱠ‬MNَ ًّE!َ Kِ ِ ِ / َ ِJ َ‫ن‬5ُ ِ َ ُH َ HIِ ‫ ا ﱠ‬G‫ ﱡ‬%ِ ُH َ‫ﷲ‬
‫إِنﱠ ﱠ‬
‫ ل‬E4<‫ ا‬GH‫ ا‬:(‫ل ﷲ)ص‬9:‫ ل ر‬8 :‫ ل‬8 ‫ ْ ا @ ذر‬4‫و‬ ‫ص‬5ٌ ! ُ Dْ َ ٌ‫ َ ن‬6ْ ُ1
‫@ ﷲ‬H JKL0‫@ ﷲ وا‬H BI0‫ا‬ 2| A_©: Avjøvn Zv‡`i‡K fvjev‡mb hviv Avjøvni c‡_ muxmvXvjv cÖvPx‡ii
A_©: Avey hvi wMdvix (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjvø n (m) gZ mvwie×fv‡e jovB K‡i| (m~iv md 4)
e‡j‡Qb, Òm‡e©vËg Avgj nj, Avjøvni Rb¨B KvD‡K fv‡jvevmv Ges 3| dvAvwKgym& mjvZv AAvZzR& SvKvZv AA&Zvwmgy wejøvn|
Avjøvni Rb¨B Kv‡iv mv‡_ kÎæZv †cvlY KivÓ| (Avey `vD`) A_©: AZGe bvgvh Kv‡qg Ki, hvKvZ `vI Ges Ajøvni i¾y‡K k³fv‡e
aviY Ki| (m~iv n¾ 78)
cÖ_g `dv: `vIqvZ 4| KzbZzg Lqi DLwiRvZ wjbœvwm ZvA&gyiæbv wej& gvA&iæd AZvbnvIbv
AvqvZ Avwbj gysKvi AZzA&wgbybv wejøvn|
A_©: GLb `ywbqvi m‡e©vËg `j †Zvgiv hv‡`i‡K gvby‡li †n`vqvZ I
2ِ 3َ 4ِ 5ْ &َ ْ ‫ َوا‬2ِ &َ "ْ %ِ ْ ِ1 0َ ‫ﱢ‬1‫ ِ ِ َر‬/ َ .ٰ َ ِ‫إ‬ ‫ع‬
ُ ‫ا ْد‬ Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ Avbv n‡q‡Q| †Zvgiv mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k Ki, Ab¨vq I
◌ۚ ُ # َ <ْ َ‫ِ ِھ َ أ‬:‫ِ ﱠ‬1 7ْ 8ُ ْ ‫ ِد‬9َ ‫ َو‬2ِ َ6#
َ %َ ْ ‫ا‬ cvc †_‡K †jvK‡`i weiZ ivL Ges Avjøvni cÖwZ Cgvb i¶v K‡i Pj|
(m~iv Av‡j Bgivb 110)
1| A_©: WvK †Zvgvi cÖfyi w`‡K wnKgvZ I DËg bwmnZ mnKv‡i Avi
weZK© Ki DËg cš’vq| (m~iv bvnj 125)
nv`xm
:‫ ل‬8 (‫ل ﷲ)ص‬9:‫ رى)رض( ان ر‬O0 ‫ ن ا‬C : M ‫ ا‬4
%ً ِ ! ‫ ﱠ‬.َ ِ‫ إ‬4َ ‫ِ ﱠ& ْ َد‬
َ َ &ِ 4َ ‫ﷲِ َو‬ َ <ْ َ‫َو َ ْ أ‬
ً 5ْ َ ُ #
(‫ داود‬9 ‫)ا‬--‫= ;وا ا? ھ‬C/H ;Q: @H NS/T ‫;ج‬R ‫اذا‬
ْ &ُ ْ ‫ِ ِ َ ا‬6‫َو َ َل إِ ﱠ‬
َ &ِ ِ # 1| A_©: Avey mvC` Ly`ix (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| bex Kixg (m) e‡j‡Qb,
2| A_©: Zvi K_vi †P‡q Avi Kvi K_v DËg n‡Z cv‡i, †h gvbyl‡K Òmd‡i GKm‡½ wZbRb _vK‡j Zv‡`i g‡a¨ GKRb‡K Zviv †hb Aek¨B
Avjøvni w`‡K Wv‡K, ‡bK Avgj K‡i Ges †NvlYv K‡i, Avwg Avgxi evwb‡q †bqÓ| (Avey `vD` 2608)
gymjgvb‡`i AšÍf~©³| (m~iv nv-wgg Avm mvR`v 33)
3| KzbZzg Lqi DLwiRvZ wjbœvwm ZvA&gyiæbv wej& gvA&iæd AZvbnvIbv
Avwbj gysKvi AZzA& wgbybv wejøvn&| :(‫ل ﷲ)ص‬9:‫ ل ر‬8 :‫ ل‬8 (‫ ا @ ھ; ;ة)رض‬4
A_©: GLb `ywbqvi m‡e©vËg `j †Zvgiv hv‡`i‡K gvby‡li †n`vqvZ I ‫ ت ت‬EH N4 EX0‫ رق ا‬H‫ و‬N4 W0‫ا‬ ‫;ج‬R
Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ Avbv n‡q‡Q| †Zvgiv mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k Ki, Ab¨vq I
cvc †_‡K †jvK‡`i weiZ ivL Ges Avjøvni cÖwZ Cgvb i¶v K‡i Pj| -NC/‫ ھ‬NAC
(m~iv Av‡j Bgivb 110) 2| A_©: Avey ûivBiv (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| im~jyjøvn (m) e‡j‡Qb, Ò†h
4| Bqv Avqy¨nvj gyÏvm&wmi| Kzg dvAvswhi| AieŸvKv dvKvweŸi| e¨w³ AvbyM‡Z¨i MwÛ †_‡K †ei n‡q hvq Ges RvgvAvZ †_‡K wew”Qbœ
A_©: †n Ave„Z kh¨v MÖnYKvix| DV, mveavb Ki| Avi †Zvgvi i‡ei n‡q hvq, AZci g„Zz¨eiY K‡i, Zvi g„Zz¨ nq Rvwnwjqv‡Zi g„Zz¨Ó|
†kÖôZ¡ †NvlYv Ki| (m~iv gyÏvm&wmi 1-3) (gymwjg)

[13]
3| Avwbj nvwiwmj AvkAvix (iv) K¡jv, K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m); ÒAvgyiyKzg
weLvgwmb wej RvgvAvwZ Am&mvgB AËAvwZ AjwnhiwZ AjwRnvw` wd
nv`xm
mvwewjjøvn&| Ab&bvn~ gvb LiRv wgbvj RvgvAvwZ K¡`i wkewib dvK` (‫ل)ص‬9:‫ه ان ر‬ 4 C ‫ ا‬4 @:9 ‫ب‬9 ‫ ا‬4
LjvAv wieKZvj Bmjvg| wgb DbywKnx Bj−v AveŸyiwRAv| Agvs `vAv ‫ادب‬ GH‫ ا‬I6 ً‫ ا‬0‫ و‬0‫وا‬ I6 :‫ ل‬8
we`vA&Iqv Rvwnwjq¨vZ, dvûIqv wgb RyQv Rvnvbœvgv, ABsmgv, Amjøv, (‫; \ى‬P) 1?
ASvAvgv Avbœvn~ gymwjgÓ|
A_©: nhiZ nvwimyj AvkAvix (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z, bex Kixg (m) Bikv`
A_©: AvBqye web gymv Zvui wcZv †_‡K, wZwb Zvui `v`v †_‡K eY©bv
K‡i‡Qb, ÒAvwg †Zvgv‡`i‡K cuvPwU wel‡qi wb‡`©k w`w”Q AvjøvncvK
K‡i‡Qb; im~jyjøvn (m) Bikv` K‡i‡Qb, Ò†Kvb wcZv Zvi mšÍvb‡K DËg
Avgv‡K H¸‡jvi wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb 1. RvgvqvZe× n‡e 2. †bZvi Av‡`k
gb w`‡q ïb‡e 3. Zvi Av‡`k †g‡b Pj‡e 4. Avjøvni AcQ›`bxq KvR PwiÎ wk¶v`vb A‡c¶v fvj †Kvb wRwbmB `vb Ki‡Z cv‡i bvÓ|
eR©b Ki‡e 5. Avi Avjøvni c‡_ wRnv` Ki‡e| †h e¨w³ Bmjvgx msMVb (wZiwghx, wgkKvZ)
Z¨vM K‡i GK weNZ `~‡i m‡i †Mj †m wb‡Ri M`©vb †_‡K Bmjv‡gi iwk ->;CR : (‫ل )ص‬9:‫ ل ر‬8 : ‫ ل‬8 (‫ ن)رض‬ES4 4‫و‬
Ly‡j †djj| Z‡e †m hw` msMV‡b cÖZ¨veZ©b K‡i †Zv ¯^Zš¿ K_v| Avi
†h e¨w³ Rvwnwjqv‡Zi wbqg bxwZi w`‡K †jvK‡`i AvnŸvb Rvbvq †m E/4‫];ان و‬0‫ ا‬-/ P
Rvnvbœvgx, hw`I †m †ivRv iv‡L, bvgvh c‡o Ges wb‡R‡K gymwjg e‡j
`vex K‡iÓ| (wZiwghx, gymbv‡` Avngv`) A_©: Dmgvb (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z| im~‡j Kixg (m) e‡j‡Qb, Ò†Zvgv‡`i
g‡a¨ †mB e¨w³ DËg, †h wb‡R KziAv‡bi Ávb AR©b K‡i Ges Aci‡K
Z„Zxq `dv : cÖwk¶Y Zv wk¶v †`qÓ|
AvqvZ
َ ِ ْ ِ ْ ‫ َراةَ َوا‬5ْ ‫ﱠ‬: ‫َ َوا‬2&َ "ْ %ِ ْ ‫َ َب َوا‬:"ِ ْ ‫ُ ا‬K&ُ ‫ُ َ ﱢ‬H‫َو‬ cÂg `dv: Bmjvgx mgvR wewbg©©vY
A_©: Ges Avjøvn Zvu‡K (Cmv) wKZve, wnKgvZ, ZvIivZ I Bb&Rx‡ji AvqvZ
Ávb wk¶v w`‡eb| (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb 48)
7ْ "ُ ِ ‫ا‬5َ ْ َMِ1 ِ‫ﷲ‬
‫ِ ِ ﱠ‬/ َ ِJ َ‫ َو ُ َ ِھ ُون‬Kِ ِ 5/ ُ ‫ِ ﱠ'ِ َو َر‬1 َ‫ن‬5ُ6 ِ Yُْ
َ ْ ِ ْ‫ ا‬Rَ َ َ *R َ َ َ ‫ي‬Iِ ‫ ا ﱠ‬0َ ‫ﱢ‬1‫ َر‬7ِ / ْ ِ1 ‫ ْأ‬Dَ ْ ‫ا‬ ٰ
ْ ِ َ‫ ن‬# ِ ُEْ َ‫َوأ‬
‫ن‬5&ُ َ ْ َ 7ْ ُ:6ْ Nُ ْ‫ إِن‬7ْ "ُ َ Dٌ ْ َ 7ْ "ُ ِ ‫ ۚ◌ َذ‬7ْ "ُ #
*7ِ َ َ ْ ِ1 7َ ‫ ﱠ‬4َ ‫ي‬Iِ ‫ ُم* ا ﱠ‬Dَ Nْ َU‫ ْا‬0َ 1‫ ْأ َو َر ﱡ‬Dَ ْ ‫* ا‬R
ٍ َ 4َ A_©: †Zvgiv Cgvb Avb Avjøvn I Zuvi im~‡ji cÖwZ| Avi wRnv` Ki
A_©: co–b! Avcbvi cÖfyi bv‡g whwb m„wó K‡i‡Qb| m„wó K‡i‡Qb gvbyl‡K Avjøvni c‡_ wb‡R‡`i gvj I Rvb w`‡q| GUvB †Zvgv‡`i Rb¨ AwZ
RgvUeuvav i³wcÛ †_‡K| cvV Kiæb Avcbvi cÖwZcvjK gwngvwš^Z| whwb DËg, hw` †Zvgiv Rvb‡Z| (m~iv Avm md 11)
Kj‡gi mvnv‡h¨ wk¶v w`‡q‡Qb| (m~iv AvjvK 1-4)
َ HIِ ‫ﷲُ ا ﱠ‬‫ ﱠ‬7ِ َ ْ َH &‫َ َو َ ﱠ‬2‫ﱠ‬6 َ ْ ‫ا ا‬5ُ ُ ْ َ ْ‫ أَن‬7ْ ُ:ْ #
ِ <َ ‫أَ ْم‬
nv`xm ‫ ا ﱠ‬7َ َ ْ َH‫ َو‬7ْ "ُ 6ْ ِ ‫ َھ ُوا‬9َ
َ HDِ ِ1 C
A_©: †Zvgiv wK g‡b K‡iQ, †Zvgiv GgwbB Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡e? A_P
:(‫ل ﷲ)ص‬9:‫ ل ر‬8 :‫ ل‬8 (‫ س)رض‬L4 ‫ ا‬4 Avjøvn GLbI †`‡Lbwb, †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ Kviv (Avjøvni c‡_) cÖvYcb
- .Y C?‫ا‬ ;CR C0‫ا‬ N4 : -/ 0‫ ارس ا‬P jovB Ki‡Z cÖ¯y‘Z Ges Kviv ‰ah©kxj| (Av‡j Bgivb 142)
(‫ ة‬Z ) nv`xm
A_©: Avãyjøvn Be‡b AveŸvm (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjjøvn :(‫)ص‬MLD0‫^ ا‬0_: ‫ ل‬8 (‫ ا @ ذر)رض‬4
(m) e‡j‡Qb, Òiv‡Zi wKQz Ask Ávb PP©v Kiv †MvUv ivZ †R‡M (bdj)
Bev`vZ Kivi †P‡q DËgÓ| (wgkKvZ) @H ‫ د‬. ‫ و‬, ‫ ن‬E <‫ ا‬:‫ ل‬8 ‫ ؟‬GH‫ ا‬E 0‫اى ا‬
-/ 0 B/‫ط‬:(‫ل)ص‬9: ‫ ل‬8:‫ ل‬8 (‫)رض‬56‫ا‬ 4 ( C/4 aQA )- /CL:
A_©: nhiZ Avey hvi (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb Avwg bex (m) Gi
-/1 > @/4 NG ;H wbKU wRÁvmv Kijvg, Ò†Kvb KvR DËgÓ? Dˇi imyj (m) ej‡jb,
ÒAvjøvni cÖwZ Cgvb Avbv Ges Zuvi c‡_ wRnv` KivÓ| (eyLvix)
A_©: Avbvm Be‡b gvwjK (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~‡j Kixg (m)
e‡j‡Qb, ÒBjg mÜvb Kiv cÖ‡Z¨K gymwj‡gi Dci dihÓ| (Be‡b gvhvn) RvgvqvZ ev msMVb bv Kivi cwiYvg
AvqvZ
PZz_© `dv : Bmjvgx wk¶v Av‡›`vjb I QvÎ mgm¨v &ً ِ َ‫ً أ‬1‫ا‬Iَ 4َ 7ْ "ُ 1ْ I‫ُ َ ﱢ‬H ‫وا‬Dُ ِE6ْ َ ‫إِ ﱠ‬
A_©: ‡Zvgiv hw` †ei bv nI, Zvn‡j wZwb †Zvgv‡`i KwVb kvw¯Í w`‡eb
AvqvZ (ZIev 39)
* َ‫آن‬Dْ ُ ْ ‫ ا‬7َ ‫ ﱠ‬4َ * ُ &َ ٰ <ْ D‫ا ﱠ‬ nv`xm
A_©: AwZ eo †g‡nievb, Avjøvn G KyiAv‡bi wk¶v w`‡q‡Qb| :(‫ل ﷲ)ص‬9:‫ ل ر‬8 :‫ ل‬8 (‫ ا @ ھ; ;ة)رض‬4
ِ ْ َ‫ُ َوأ‬Kَ ‫ا‬5ُ &ِ َ:/
َ‫ن‬5&ُ <َ Dُْ 7ْ "ُ ‫ا َ َ ﱠ‬5ُ:C َ Dِ ُ ‫َوإِ َذا‬
ْ َJ ُ‫آن‬Dْ ُ ْ ‫ئ ا‬ ‫ ت ت‬EH N4 EX0‫ رق ا‬H‫ و‬N4 W0‫ا‬ ‫;ج‬R
A_©: Avi hLb KziAvb cvV Kiv nq, ZLb Zv‡Z Kvb jvwM‡q ivL Avi
wbðzc _vK, hv‡Z †Zvgv‡`i Dci ing Kiv nq| (Avivd 204) -NC/‫ ھ‬NAC
1| A_©: nhiZ Avey ûivBiv (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjøvn (m)
e‡j‡Qb, Ò†h e¨w³ AvbyM‡Z¨i MwÛ †_‡K †ei n‡q hvq Ges RvgvqvZ
[14]
†_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q hvq, AZci g„Zz¨ eiY K‡i, Zvi g„Zz¨ nq Rvwnwjqv‡Zi A_©: ‡n Cgvb`viMY! Avjøvn‡K ‡ZgbB fq Ki‡Z _vK †hgb fq Kiv
g„Zz¨Ó| (gymwjg) DwPZ Ges Aek¨B gymjgvb bv n‡q g„Z¨yeiY K‡iv bv| (m~iv Av‡j
2| Avb Avex hviwib K¡jv; K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m) gvb dviKj RvgvAvZv Bgivb 102)
wkeib dvK¡` LjvAv wieKZvj Bmjvwg wgb DbywKnx| nv`xm
A_©: Avey hi wMdvix (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z| im~‡j Kixg (m) e‡j‡Qb; Ò‡h N Y4 :‫ ل‬8 (‫ل)ص‬9:‫)رض( ان ر‬N Y 4 4
e¨w³ RvgvqvZ Z¨vM K‡i GK weNZ cwigvY `~‡i m‡i †Mj, †m †hb
Bmjv‡gi i¾y n‡Z Zvi M`©vb‡K Avjv`v K‡i wbjÓ| (Avey `vD`) L0 ‫ﷲ ط‬ .0 ‫ ن‬H ‫ب‬96\0‫];ات ا‬I ‫و‬
A_©: nhiZ Av‡qkv (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| im~jyjøvn (m) e‡j‡Qb, Ò†n
c`©v Av‡qkv! ¶z`ª I bMb¨ ¸bvn& †_‡KI AvZ¥i¶v K‡i Pj‡e| KviY Avjøvni
`iev‡i †m¸‡jv m¤ú‡K©I wRÁvmvev` Kiv n‡eÓ| (Be‡b gvhvn)
AvqvZ
َ‫ن‬5ُ3Jِ <َ 7ْ 8ِ 9ِ ‫و‬Dُ ُEِ 7ْ ‫ َ ُھ‬HIِ ‫َوا ﱠ‬ AvbyMZ¨
1| A_©: wbðq Zviv (gywgbiv) j¾v¯’v‡bi ‡ndvRZ K‡i| (gywgbyb 5) AvqvZ
0َ ِ ‫ ۚ◌ ٰ َذ‬7ْ 8ُ 9‫و‬ َ 1ْ َ‫ا ِ ْ أ‬5Z
َ Dُ ُJ ‫ا‬5ُ3َE%ْ َH‫ َو‬7ْ ‫ ِر ِھ‬C ‫َ ُ[ ﱡ‬H َ ِ6ِ Yْ &ُ ْ ِ ْ ُ ‫ َل‬5/ ُ D‫ا ا ﱠ‬5ُ ‫ﷲَ َوأَ ِط‬
‫ا ﱠ‬5ُ ‫ا أَ ِط‬5ُ6 َ ‫ َ آ‬HIِ ‫ ا ﱠ‬8َ H‫َ أَ ﱡ‬H
َ‫ن‬5ُ َ6C ‫ ۗ◌ إِنﱠ ﱠ‬7ْ 8ُ َ .ٰ Nَ ‫أَ ْز‬
ْ َH &َ ِ1 Dٌ ِ َ َ‫ﷲ‬ 7ْ "ُ 6ْ ِ Dِ ْ َU‫َوأُو ِ ْا‬
2| A_©: †n bex! cyiæl‡`i e‡j w`b, Zviv †hb wb‡R‡`i †PvL‡K euvwP‡q A_©: †n Cgvb`viMY! †Zvgiv AvbyMZ¨ Ki Avjøvni, AvbyMZ¨ Ki im~‡ji,
P‡j Ges wb‡R‡`i j¾v¯’vb mg~‡ni ‡ndvRZ K‡i| GUv Zv‡`i Rb¨ Ges AvbyMZ¨ Ki Zv‡`i hviv ‡Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ `vwqZ¡kxj| (m~iv Avb wbmv
cweÎZg bxwZ, hv Zviv K‡i †m wel‡q Avjøvn cy‡ivcywi AewnZ| (m~iv 59)
b~i 30) َ ‫ َل َو‬5/ ُ D‫ا ا ﱠ‬5ُ ‫ﷲَ َوأَ ِط‬
‫ا ﱠ‬5ُ ‫ا أَ ِط‬5ُ6 َ ‫ َ آ‬HIِ ‫ ا ﱠ‬8َ H‫َ أَ ﱡ‬H
3| AKibv wd eyqywZKzbvœ Ajv ZveviiR&bv Zvevi&iæRvj Rvwnwjq¨vwZj
Djv 7ْ "ُ َ &َ 4ْ َ‫ا أ‬5ُ _ِ ْ ُ
A_©: †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡`i N‡i Ae¯’vb Ki Ges Rvwnwjqv‡Zi hy‡Mi g‡Zv A_©: †n Cgvb`viMY! †Zvgiv AvbyMZ¨ Ki Avjøvni, AvbyMZ¨ Ki im~‡ji,
mvR-m¾v K‡i †ewoI bv| (m~iv Avnhve 33) Ges †Zvgv‡`i Avgjmg~n bó K‡iv bv| (m~iv gynv¤§` 33)
4| AvR&Svwb jv BqvswKû Bjøv SvwbqvZvb AvI gykwiKvZ| nv`xm
A_©: whbvKvix cyiæl Qvov whbvKvwibx bvix ev gykwiK gwnjv‡K †hb †KD
we‡q bv K‡i| (m~iv b~i 3) :(‫ل ﷲ)ص‬9:‫ ل ر‬8 :‫ ل‬8 (‫ ا @ ھ; ;ة)رض‬4
5| BbœvjøvRxbv BDwneŸybv Avs ZvwkAvj dvwnkvZz wdjjøvhxbv Avgvby jvûg ‫ ت ت‬EH N4 EX0‫ رق ا‬H‫ و‬N4 W0‫ا‬ ‫;ج‬R
Avhveyb Avjxg|
A_©: hviv Pvq Cgvb`vi‡`i g‡a¨ AkøxjZv QovK, `ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Z
(-/1 )-NC/‫ ھ‬NAC
Zv‡`i Rb¨ Aek¨B hš¿Yv`vqK kvw¯Í i‡q‡Q| (m~iv b~i 19) 1| A_©: nhiZ Avey ûivBiv (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjøvn (m)
nv`xm e‡j‡Qb, Ò†h e¨w³ AvbyM‡Z¨i MwÛ †_‡K †ei n‡q hvq Ges RvgvqvZ
1| A Avb Bewb AveŸvwmb (iv) K¡jv; K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m) jv BqvLjy Abœv †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q hvq, AZci g„Zz¨eiY K‡i, Zvi g„Zz¨ nq Rvwnwjqv‡Zi
Avnv`yKzg we BgiÕAvwZb Bjøv gvAvwh gvnig| g„Zz¨Ó| (gymwjg)
A_©: nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjvø n (m) 2| Avb Avjx (iv) K¡jv, K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m) jv Z¡AvZv wd gvA&mxq¨vwZ
e‡j‡Qb, Ò†Zvgv‡`i †KD †hb †Kvb bvixi mv‡_ GKv‡šÍ mv¶vZ bv K‡i, BbœvgvZ¡AvZz wdj gvA&iyd|
Z‡e Zvi mv‡_ †Kvb gvnig cyiæl AvZ¥xq _vK‡j wfbœ K_vÕ| (eyLvix I A_©: nhiZ Avjx (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| bex Kixg (m) e‡j‡Qb, Ò‡Mvbv‡ni
gymwjg) Kv‡R †Kvb AvbyMZ¨ †bBÕ AvbyMZ¨ ïay †bK Kv‡Ri e¨vcv‡i|Ó| (eyLvix,
gymwjg)
‫رة‬94 ‫;اة‬E0‫ ا‬:‫ ل‬8 (‫@)ص‬LD0‫ ا‬4 (‫د)رض‬9 1 ‫ ا‬4 gywg‡bi ¸Yvejx
‫ ن‬WC 0‫ ا‬.H ; A:‫; ^ ا‬R ‫ ذا‬H AvqvZ
2| A_©: Be‡b gvmD` (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z, bex Kixg (m) e‡j‡Qb,
Ògwnjviv nj c`©vq _vKvi e¯‘y| myZivs Zviv hLb (c`©v D‡c¶v K‡i) * َ‫ن‬5ُ a ِ َ 7ْ 8ِ ِ َ ! َ Jِ 7ْ ‫ َ ُھ‬HIِ ‫نَ * ا ﱠ‬5ُ6 ِ Yْ &ُ ْ ‫ َ َ` ا‬Jْ َ‫َ ْ أ‬
evB‡i Av‡m, ZLb kqZvb Zv‡`i‡K (Ab¨ cyiæ‡li †Pv‡L) mymw¾Z K‡i ‫ ِة‬Nَ c‫ ِ ﱠ‬7ْ ‫ َ ُھ‬HIِ ‫نَ * َوا ﱠ‬5b ُ Dِ ْ ُ 5ِ [ْ ‫ ِ ا ﱠ‬4َ 7ْ ‫ َ ُھ‬HIِ ‫َوا ﱠ‬
†`LvqÓ| (wZiwghx)|
ZvK¡Iqv * َ‫ن‬5ُ3ِJ <َ 7ْ 8ِ 9ِ ‫و‬Dُ ُEِ 7ْ ‫ َ ُھ‬HIِ ‫نَ * َوا ﱠ‬5ُ 4ِ َJ
1| A_©: wb:m‡›`‡n Cgvb`vi †jv‡Kiv mdjKvg n‡q‡Q| hviv wb‡R‡`i
AvqvZ bvgv‡R GKvšÍ webq AebZ| hviv A_©nxb welq †_‡K wegyL _v‡K| hviv
Gَ ِ:Nُ &َ Nَ ‫ َ ُم‬C ‫ ا ﱢ‬7ُ "ُ ْ َ 4َ Gَ ِ:Nُ ‫ا‬5ُ6 َ ‫ َ آ‬HIِ ‫ ا ﱠ‬8َ H‫َ أَ ﱡ‬H hvKvZ cÖ`vb K‡i| hviv wb‡R‡`i †hŠbv½ mg~‡ni †ndvRZ K‡i| (m~iv
َ‫ن‬5ُ ‫ﱠ‬:َ 7ْ "ُ ‫ َ َ ﱠ‬7ْ "ُ ِ ْ َ ْ ِ َ HIِ ‫ ا ﱠ‬.َ 4َ gyÕwgbyb 1-5)
2| Bbœvgvj gyA&wgb~bv BLIqvZzb|
A_©: †n Cgvb`viMY! †Zvgv‡`i Ici †ivRv dih Kiv n‡q‡Q, †hgwbfv‡e
A_©: gywgb‡`i ˆewkó¨ Ggb †h, Zviv G‡K Ac‡ii fvB| (m~iv ûRyivZ
dih Kiv n‡qwQj †Zvgv‡`i c~ee© Z©xM‡Yi Dci| Avkv Kiv hvq †h,
10)
†Zvgiv ZvKIqv AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡e| (evKviv 183)
3| Awej& AvwLiwZ ûg BDwKb~b|
‫ ُ ﱠ‬5&ُ َ َ ‫ َو‬Kِ ِ َ ُ R ‫ا ﱠ‬5ُ ‫ا ا ﱠ‬5ُ6 َ ‫ َ آ‬HIِ ‫ ا ﱠ‬8َ H‫َ أَ ﱡ‬H
‫ﷲَ َ< ﱠ‬ A_©: Ges Zviv AvwLiv‡Zi cÖwZ `„p wek¦vm iv‡L| (m~iv evKviv 4)
ْ ُ 7ْ ُ:ْ َ‫إِ ﱠ َوأ‬
َ‫ن‬5&ُ ِ # 4| Bbœvgvj gyA&wgbybv AvjøvwR Avgvby wejøvwn I im~wjwn|
A_©: gywgb g~jZ ZvivB Avjøvn I im~‡ji (m) cÖwZ hv‡`i `„p Cgvb
i‡q‡Q| (m~iv b~i-62)
[15]
 nv`xm Bmjvgx A_©e¨e¯’v
Avb Avex ûivBivZv Avbœv im~jyjvø wn (m) K¡jv; Avj gyA&wgby gvjvdz Ajv AvqvZ
Lqi wdgvb jv Bqvwjdz Ajv BDjvdz| 1| Adx AvgIqvwjwng nv°wjøm&mvBjx Iqvj gvniæg|
A_©: nhiZ Avey ûivBiv (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| im~jyjøvn (m) e‡j‡Qb, A_©: abx‡`i abm¤ú‡` cÖv_©x I ew‡Zi AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| (m~iv hvwiqvn
Ògywgb gneŸZ I `qvi cÖZxK| H e¨w³i g‡a¨ †Kvb Kj¨vY †bB, †h 19)
Kv‡iv mv‡_ gneŸZ iv‡L bv Ges gneŸZ cÖvß nqbvÓ| (gymbv‡` Avngv`) 2| Kvq jv BqvKzbv `yIjvZvb evqbvj AvMwbqvB wgbKzg|
evBqvZ A_©: A_©m¤ú` †hb †Zvgv‡`i ga¨ n‡Z †Kej abx †jvK‡`iB Kzw¶MZ
AvqvZ n‡q †Kej abx‡`i g‡a¨B AvewZ©Z n‡Z bv _v‡K| (nvki 7)
َ 5ْ َJ ِ‫ﷲ‬ ‫َ ُ ﱠ‬H َ‫ﷲ‬
‫نَ ﱠ‬5ُ ِH َ ُH &َ ‫ إِ ﱠ‬0َ َ 5ُ ِH َ ُH َ HIِ ‫إِنﱠ ا ﱠ‬ nv`xm
‫ق‬ 1| K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m); Kv`vj dvKiæ Avq¨vKzbv Kzdi|
*7ْ 8ِ H ِ Hْ َ‫أ‬ A_©: im~jyjøvn (m) e‡j‡Qb; Ò`vwi`ª¨ gvbyl‡K Kvwdi evwb‡q w`‡Z
A_©: wbtm‡›`‡n hviv Avcbvi nv‡Z evBqvZ KiwQj Zviv Avm‡j Avjøvni cv‡iÓ|
nv‡ZB evBqvZ KiwQj, Avjøvni nvZ wQj Zv‡`i nv‡Zi Dci| (m~iv 2| K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m); Z¡jveyj nvjvwj dvwiØZzb Avjv Kzjøy gymwjwgI
dvZ&n 10) AgymwjgvZ|
A_©: im~jyjøvn (m) e‡j‡Qb; Ònvjvj iæwRi mÜvb Kiv cÖ‡Z¨K gymwjg
ً ِ َ ً6&َ َf 7ْ 8ِ ِ &َ Hْ َ‫ﷲِ َوأ‬ ْ َH َ HIِ ‫إ ِ◌نﱠ ا ﱠ‬
‫ ِ ﱠ‬8ْ َ ِ1 َ‫ون‬Dُ َ:e bvix cyiæ‡li Rb¨ dihÓ|
*‫ ِة‬Dَ ِ h‫ْا‬ ِJ 7ْ 8ُ َ ‫ق‬ َ َ َ َ 0َ ِgَ ٰ ‫أُو‬ Z¨vM, Kzievbx I cix¶v
A_©: hviv Avjøvni bv‡g K…Z A½xKvi mvgvb¨ g~‡j¨ wewµ Ki‡e AvwLiv‡Z AvqvZ
Zv‡`i †Kvb Ask †bB| (m~iv Av‡j Bgivb 77)
nv`xm ‫ي َو َ َ& ِ ِ ﱠ'ِ َر ﱢب‬
َ َ %ْ َ ‫َو‬ ُ ُ ‫َو‬
"ِ # َ ‫ُ ْ إِنﱠ‬
ِ َ!
Avb Be‡b Avgwib Avwbbœvweq¨v (m) K¡jv; gvb gvZv AjvqQv wd DbywKwn َ
* َ &ِ َ ‫ا‬ ْ
evBAvZz gvZv gvqZvZvb Rvwnwjq¨vn| A_©: †n bex ejyb : Avgvi bvgvh, Avgvi Kzievbx, Avgvi Rxeb, Avgvi
A_©: Avãyjøvn Be‡b Dgi (iv) im~j (m) †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, wZwb g„Zz¨ meB gnvwe‡k¦i cÖwZcvjK Avjøvni Rb¨| (AvbAvg 162)
ِ ُ ْ ‫ف َوا‬
ٍ ْ َ ‫ع َو‬5 ِ 5ْ lَ ْ ‫ ْ ٍء ِ َ ا‬e َ ِ1 7ْ "ُ ‫ ﱠ‬5َ ُ ْ َ6َ ‫َو‬
e‡j‡Qb, Ò‡h e¨w³ evBqv‡Zi eÜb QvovB gviv †Mj †m Rvwnwjqv‡Zi
g„Z¨yeiY KijÓ| (gymwjg) َ ِ m
*َ HDِ ِ1 C
‫ ا ﱠ‬Dِ e ِ ‫ا‬Dَ &َ ‫ﱠ‬o ‫ُ ِ َوا‬Eْ U‫ا ِل َو ْا‬5َ ْ َU‫ْا‬
‫َ ﱢ‬1‫ت ۗ◌ َو‬ َ
Bmjvgx ivóªe¨e¯’v A_©: Avwg Aek¨B †Zvgv‡`i cix¶v Kie wKQzUv fq, ¶zav, gvj m¤úwË I
AvqvZ Rv‡bi ¶wZ I dj k‡m¨i nªvm mvab K‡i, Avi (†n im~j) Avcwb
‫ا ا ﱠ‬5 ُ َ َ‫ض أ‬ ِ ‫َ ْر‬U‫ِ ْا‬J 7ْ ‫ﱠ ُھ‬6"‫ َ إِنْ َ ﱠ‬HIِ ‫ا ﱠ‬
mymsev` w`b ˆah©¨ aviYKvix‡`i‡K| (m~iv evKviv 155)
‫ا‬5ُ َ ‫ َ ةَ َوآ‬C
ِ Dُ ْ &َ ْ ِ1 ‫وا‬Dُ َ َ‫ ةَ َوأ‬Nَ c‫ا ﱠ‬
◌ۗ Dِ "َ 6ْ &ُ ْ ‫ ِ ا‬4َ ‫ا‬5ْ 8َ َ ‫وف َو‬ nv`xm
Avb Avbvm (iv) K¡jv, K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m) BqvA&wZ Avjvbœvwm
A_©: Avwg hw` G‡`i Rwg‡b cÖwZôv `vb Kwi Zvn‡j Giv bvgvR cÖwZôv
Svgvbvm&mweiæ wdwng Avjv w`wbnx KvjK¡wew` Avjvj Rvgwi|
Ki‡e, hvKvZ Av`vq Ki‡e, mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k w`‡e, g›` KvR †_‡K
A_©: nhiZ Avbvm (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjøvn (m) e‡j‡Qb;
weiZ ivL‡e| (m~iv nR¡-41)
Ògvby‡li Dci Ggb GK hyM Avm‡e hLb Øxb`v‡ii Rb¨ Øx‡bi Dci
nv`xm cÖwZwôZ _vKv R¡jšÍ A½vi ivLvi g‡Zv KwVb n‡eÓ| (wZiwghx)
1| Avb Avbvm (iv) K¡jv, K¡jv im~jyjvø wn (m); gvb Awjqv wgb Avgwij
gymwjwgbv kvBAvb dvMk¨vûg ûqv wdbœvi|
A_©: Avbvm (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjøvn (m) e‡j‡Qb; Ò†h ‰bwZK PwiÎ
e¨w³ gymjgvb‡`i †Kvb wel‡qi `vwqZ¡kxj nj, AZci Zv‡Z AvqvZ
wek¦vmNvZKZv Kij, †m †`vh‡L hv‡eÓ| (Zvevivbx) 1| ALwd` RvbvnvKv wjgvwbËvevAvKv wgbvj gyA&wgwbb|
2| K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m) gvb Avwgjv wewn DwRi Agvb nvKvgv wewn Avw`jv A_©: hviv †Zvgvi AbymiY K‡i †m mKj wek¦vmx‡`i cÖwZ webqx nI|
Igvb Avmgv wewn dvK` ûw`qv Bjv wmiwZg& gymZvwKg| (m~iv ïAviv 215)
A_©: im~jyjøvn (m) e‡j‡Qb, Ò‡h e¨w³ GB weavb Abymv‡i Rxeb hvcb 2| Bbœvjønv BqvA&gyiæ wej Av`wj Aj Bnmvb|
Ki‡e, †m Zvi cÖwZdj jvf Ki‡e| †h Zv Abymv‡i ivóª cwiPvjbv Ki‡e A_©: AvjøvnZvqvjv Av`j I Bnmv‡bi Ici AwePj _vKvi wb‡`©k
Zvi kvmb mywePvic~Y© n‡e Ges ‡h Zv‡K `„piƒ‡c AuvKwo‡q ai‡e †m w`‡”Qb| (m~iv bvnj 90)
mwVK Ges mwZ¨Kvi Kj¨v‡Yi c‡_ cwiPvwjZ n‡Z cvi‡eÓ|
nv`xm
1| Avb Avãyjøvn Be‡b Avgwib (iv) K¡jv, K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m); Bbœv wgb
wLqvwiKzg AvnmvbyKzg AvLjvK|
A_©: Avãyjøvn Be‡b Dgi (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z, im~j (m) e‡j‡Qb, Ò†Zvgv‡`i
g‡a¨ me‡P‡q fvj †jvK n‡”Q Zviv hv‡`i PwiÎ †Zvgv‡`i mK‡ji †P‡q
DËgÓ|
2| Avb hvwei (iv) K¡jv, K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m); Bbœv Kqij nvw`wQ
wKZveyjøwn ILqij nv`wq nv`qy gynv¤§v`|

[16]
A_©: Rvwei (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z, im~jyjvø n (m) e‡j‡Qb; Òm‡e©vËg evYx n‡”Q
Avjøvni wKZve Ges m‡e©vËg PwiÎ n‡”Q gynv¤§v` (m) Gi PwiÎÓ|
AvwLivZ
ZvInx` AvqvZ
AvqvZ
1| Kzj ûqvjøû Avnv`| Avjøûm&mvgv`| jvg Bqvwj` Ajvg BDjv`| *7ِ ِ ‫ﱠ‬6 ‫ ِ ا‬4َ Iٍ ِg َ 5ْ Hَ ‫َ ُ ﱠ‬M#
ْ ُ:َ 7‫ُ ﱠ‬f
Ajvg BqvKzjøvû KzdzIqvb Avnv`| 1| A_©: Zvici †mw`b (wePv‡ii w`‡b) `ywbqvi me wbqvgvZ m¤^‡Ü
A_©: †n bex e‡j w`b, Avjøvn GK| wZwb AgyLv‡c¶x| Zvi †Kvb mšÍvb wRÁvmvev` Kiv n‡e| (m~iv ZvKvmyi 8)
†bB| Ges wZwb KviI mšÍvb bb| Zvi mgZyj¨I †KD †bB| 2| m~iv whjhvj m¤ú~Y©UvB AvwLiv‡Zi Dci AvqvZ|
2| Avjøvû jv Bjvnv Bjøv ûqvj nvq¨yj Kq~¨g| 3| Ajvj AvwLivZz LqiæjøvKv wgbvi Djv|
A_©: wZwb Avjøvn| wZwb Qvov †Kvb Bjvn †bB| wZwb wPiÄxe, wPi¯’vqx| A_©: Avi Avcbvi Rb¨ BnKvj A‡c¶v ciKvj eû¸‡Y DËg| (m~iv `ynv
(evKviv 255) 4)
4| evj ZzA&wmiæbvj nvqvZvÏybBqv| Aj AvwLivZz LhiæI AAveK¡|
nv`xm A_©: eis †Zvgiv cvw_©e Rxeb‡K cÖvavb¨ `vI| A_P AvwLivZ eû¸‡Y
Avb Avwe hvi (iv) K¡jv K¡jv im~jjøvwn (m); gv wgb Avew` K¡jv jv Bjvnv DËg I ¯’vqx| (m~iv Avjv 16-17)
Bjøvjøû Qz¤§v gvZv Avjv hvwjKv Bjøv `vLjvj RvbœvZ| 5| Awej& AvwLiwZ ûg BDwKb~b|
A_©: nhiZ Avey hvi (iv) n‡Z ewY©Z| im~jyjøvn (m) e‡j‡Qb; Ò†Kv‡bv A_©: Ges Zviv AvwLiv‡Zi cÖwZ `„p wek¦vm iv‡L| (m~iv evKviv 4)
e¨w³ hw` jv Bjvnv Bjøvjøvn&i †NvlYv ‡`q Ges Gi Dci g„Z¨yeiY K‡i, 6| gvwjKx BqvIwgÏxb|
Z‡e Aek¨B †m Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Ki‡eÓ| (gymwjg) A_©: whwb wePvi w`‡bi gvwjK| (m~iv dvwZnv 3)

nv`xm
wimvjvZ
AvqvZ :(‫ل ﷲ )ص‬9:‫ ل ر‬8 :‫ ل‬8 (‫ ھ; ;ة )رض‬M ‫ ا‬4
1| AAvimvjbvKv wjbœvwm imyjvb AKvdv wejøvwn kvwn`v|
A_©: Avi Avwg Avcbv‡K mg¯Í gvby‡li Dci im~jiƒ‡c †cÖiY K‡iwQ Ges
N C]0‫م ا‬9 D cA>‫ أ‬E/‫ ظ‬9: ‫ك‬9/E ‫;ب‬b
AvjønB mv¶x wn‡m‡e h‡_ó| (m~iv wbmv 79) A_©: nhiZ Avey ûivBiv (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjøvn (m)
e‡j‡Qb, Ò†KD Zvi Aaxb¯Í (PvKi) †K Ab¨vqfv‡e GK †`viiv gvi‡jI
2| ûqvjøvwR Avimvjv im~jvû wej û`v A`xwbj nvw° wjqyhwniû AvjvÏxwb
wKqvgv‡Zi w`b Zvi †_‡K Gi e`jv †bqv n‡eÓ| (Zveivbx)
Kzwjønx|
A_©: wZwb Avjøvn whwb Zvi im~j‡K wn`vqvZ I mZ¨ Rxeb e¨e¯’vmn ‫;ه ان‬: :,<9:‫ ل ر‬8 :‫ ل‬8 (‫;)رض‬E4 ‫ ا‬4
cvwV‡q‡Qb, †hb wZwb G Øxb‡K mg¯Í evwZj e¨e¯’vmg~‡ni Dci weRqx 5E 0‫];أ اذا ا‬C/H C4 ‫ رائ‬6 > N C]0‫م ا‬9 ;dL
K‡ib| (m~iv md)
^] 6‫ ء ا‬E10‫;ت اذا ا‬WQ6‫ ء ا‬E10‫رت واذا ا‬9>
A_©: Be‡b Dgvi (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjøvn (m) e‡j‡Qb,
nv`xm Ò†Kvb e¨w³ hw` wKqvgv‡Zi `„k¨ †`L‡Z Pvq †m †hb m~iv ZvKfxi, m~iv
1| K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m); Bbœv Lqij nv`xwm wKZveyjøvwn ALqij nv`qy BbwdZvi, m~iv BbwkKvK cvV K‡iÓ| (wZiwghx)
gynv¤§v`|
A_©: im~jyjøvn (m) e‡j‡Qb; Òm‡e©vËg evYx n‡”Q Avjøvn&i wKZve Ges
m‡e©vËg c_ cÖ`k©b n‡”Q gynv¤§v‡`i (m) c_ cÖ`k©bÓ| (gymwjg) Cgvb
2| Avb Avew`jøvn Be‡b Avgwib K¡jv, K¡jv im~jyjøvwn (m); jv BqyA&wgby AvqvZ
Avnv`yKzg nvËv BqvKzbv nvIqvû ZveAvj&wjgv wRA&Zzwenx| 1| Kzjøy Avgvbv wejøvwn Iqvgvjv BKvwZnx I KzZzwewn I im~wjwn|
A_©: Avãyjøvn Be‡b Avgi n‡Z ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb, im~jyjvø n (m) A_©: Giv mK‡jB Avjøvn, †d‡ikZv, wKZve I im~j (m) Gi cÖwZ Cgvb
e‡j‡Qb; Ò†Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨ †KD AvKvswLZ gv‡bi gywgb n‡Z cvi‡e bv †cvlY K‡i| (m~iv evKviv 285)
hZ¶Y bv †m wb‡Ri cÖe„wˇK Avgvi AvbxZ weav‡bi Aaxb Ki‡eÓ| 2| Bbœvgvj gyA&wgbybv AvjøvwR Avgvby wejøvwn I im~wjwn
(ki‡n mybœvn) A_©: gywgb g~jZ ZvivB Avjøvn I im~‡ji (m) cÖwZ hv‡`i `„p Cgvb
i‡q‡Q| (m~iv b~i-62)

nv`xm
1| Avb Avgi web Avevmv (iv) K¡jv KzjZv Bqv im~jyjøvn (m); gvj
Cgvb? K¡jv Avm meiiæIqvm mvgvnvZ|
A_©: Avgi web Avevmv (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb Avwg im~j (m) †K
wR‡Ám Kijvg, ÒCgvb wKÓ? wZwb Rev‡e ej‡jb, Òˆah©¨ Ges bgbxqZv
n‡”Q CgvbÓ|
2| Avb Avbvm (iv) Avwbb bvweq¨v (m) K¡jv; jv BDA&wgby Avnv`yKzg nvËv
BDwneŸy wj AvwLwn gv BDwneŸy wj bvdwmwn|
A_©: nhiZ Avbvm (iv) bex Kixg (m) †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb, im~j (m)
e‡j‡Qb, Ò†Zvgv‡`i ga¨ n‡Z †KD Cgvb`vi n‡Z cvi‡e bv hZ¶Y ch©šÍ
bv †m Zvi fvB‡qi Rb¨ hv cQ›` Ki‡e Zv wb‡Ri Rb¨I cQ›` Ki‡eÓ|
[17]
 kv‡b byhyj
m~iv ZIev : m~iv ZIev gv`vbx m~iv| GwU `ywU bv‡g cwiwPZ| GKwU ivZ KvwU‡q‡Q|Ó gybvwdKiv †Zv e‡UB KZK gywgbI G AccÖPv‡i
ZIev, Avi AciwU evivAvZ| m~ivwUi ïiæ‡Z wemwgjøvn †jLv kixK n‡q †Mj| nhiZ gynv¤§` (m) I †Kvb wm×všÍ wb‡Z
‡bB| KviY, im~j (m.) G m~ivi ïiæ‡Z wemwgjøvn †jLvbwb| cviwQ‡jb bv| G KwVb cwiw¯’wZ‡Z Avjøvn ieŸyj Avjvgxb m~ivwU
Kv‡RB mvnvev‡q †KivgI Zv †j‡Lbwb Ges cieZ©x †jv‡KivI G bvwhj K‡i nhiZ Av‡qkv (iv) Gi Pwi‡Îi cweÎZv †NvlYv K‡i
ixwZi AbymiY Ae¨nZ †i‡L‡Qb| G‡Z wZbwU fvlY Av‡Q hv gybvwdK‡`i gnvlohš¿ e¨_© K‡i w`‡jb Ges gymwjg D¤§vni g‡a¨
wewfbœ mgq wewfbœ NUbvi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z AeZxY© n‡q‡Q| HK¨ envj ivL‡jb|
cÖ_g fvlY : 1-37 bs AvqvZ| beg wnRixi wRjK¡` gv‡mi
KvQvKvwQ mg‡q bvwhj nq| gnvbex (m) ‡m mgq nhiZ Avey eKi m~iv ûRyivZ : GKevi ebx Zvgxg †Mv‡Îi wKQz †jvK im~j (m) Gi
wmÏxK (iv) †K Avwgiæj n¾ wbhy³ K‡i g°vq cvVvb| Gici G †L`g‡Z Dcw¯’Z nq| GB †Mv‡Îi kvmbKZ©v Kv‡K wbhy³ Kiv n‡e
AvqvZ¸‡jv bvwhj n‡j wZwb nhiZ Avjx (iv) †K g°vq cvwV‡q G wel‡qB ZLb Av‡jvPbv PjwQj| nhiZ Avey eKi (iv) KvÕKv
†`b hv‡Z n‡¾i mgq Avi‡ei cÖwZwbwa mgv‡e‡k G AvqvZ¸‡jv Be‡b nvwK‡gi bvg cÖ¯Íve Ki‡jb Ges nhiZ Igi (iv) AvKiv
ïbv‡bv nq| Be‡b nve‡mi bvg cÖ¯Íve Ki‡jb| nhiZ Avey eKi (iv) I nhiZ
wØZxq fvlY : 38-72 bs AvqvZ| beg wnRixi iRe gv‡mi w`‡K Igi (iv) Gi g‡a¨ gRwj‡mB K_vevZ©v nj Ges e¨vcviwU †kl
bvwhj nq| †m mgq gnvbex (m) ZveyK hy‡×i cÖ¯‘wZ wbw”Q‡jb| ch©šÍ K_v KvUvKvwU‡Z DbœxZ n‡q Df‡qi Kɯ^i DuPz n‡q †Mj|
gywgb‡`i wRnv‡` DØy×KiY Ges gymjgvb‡`i AjmZvi Rb¨ Gi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z wKQy AvqvZ AeZxY© nq|Ôeby gy¯vÍ wjKÕ †Mv‡Îi
wZi®‹vi Kiv nq| mi`vi nv‡im Bmjvg MÖn‡Yi ci im~j (m) Zv‡K hvKvZ cÖ`v‡bi
Z…Zxq fvlY : 73 bs AvqvZ †_‡K †kl ch©šÍ| ZveyK hy× n‡Z Av‡`k w`‡jb| wZwb Zv‡Z ivRx n‡jb Ges ‡Mv‡Îi mevi †_‡K
cÖZ¨veZ©bKv‡j GwU bvwhj nq| wZb Rb gymjgv‡bi ZIev Keyj D‡ËvwjZ hvKv‡Zi A_© †bevi Rb¨ wbw`©ó Zvwi‡L GKRb `~Z
nq| Zviv n‡jb Kve Be‡b gvwjK, †njvj Be‡b DgvBq¨v I gyiviv cvVv‡Z ej‡jb| im~j (m) Ijx` Be‡b IKev‡K hvKvZ Av`v‡qi
Be‡b iexAv| Rb¨ cvVv‡jb| †m e¨w³ †Kvb Kvi‡Y fq †c‡q †Mj Ges RbM‡Yi
mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM bv K‡iB aviYv Kij †h, Zviv hvKvZ w`‡Z ivwR
m~iv b~i (Bd‡Ki NUbv) : ¶z`ª gymwjg evwnbxi wbKU †MvUv Avi‡ei bq| im~j (m) G K_v ï‡b Zv‡`i‡K kv‡q¯Ív Kivi e¨e¯’v wb‡Z
HK¨e× kw³i evi evi civR‡qi d‡j Avi‡ei mvaviY RbM‡Yi hv‡”Qb Ggb mgq H †Mv‡Îi mi`vi im~j (m) Gi Kv‡Q G‡m
Av¯’v nviv‡”Q †Ui †c‡q `ykgbiv hy‡×i bZzb †KŠkj MÖnb K‡i| Rvbv‡jb, H Lei wg_¨v| Zviv hvKvZ w`‡Z ivwR| G cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z
PwiÎ I ˆbwZKZvi w`K w`‡q gymwjg evwnbx †gv‡UI DbœZ bq e‡j wKQy AvqvZ bvwhj nq|Avi‡ei †m cwi‡e‡k mvaviYfv‡e gvbyl
cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ Zviv my‡hvM LyuR‡Z jvMj| eby gy¯ÍvwjK hy‡×i ci †Kvb wkóvPv‡ii wk¶v cvq wb| Zv‡`i A‡b‡KB mg‡q Amg‡q
im~j (m) g`xbvq wd‡i Avmvi c‡_ GK RvqMvq ‡_‡g ivZ KvUvb| im~‡ji mv‡_ mv¶v‡Zi Rb¨ nvwRi n‡Zv| GKevi Avjøvni im~‡ji
GB md‡i im~j (m) Gi mv‡_ Zuvi cweÎ mnag©xbx nhiZ Av‡qkv wbKU `ycy‡ii mgq KwZcq †e`yCb G‡m evB‡i †_‡K Zuv‡K
(iv) wQ‡jb | †hLv‡b ivZ hvc‡bi Rb¨ Kv‡djv †_‡gwQj †mLvb D”P¯^‡i WvKvWvwK KiwQj| Gmgq Avjøvni im~j (m) wekÖvg
†_‡K †kl iv‡ZB Kv‡djv g`xbvi w`‡K iIbv nIqvi Rb¨ ‰Zwi wbw”Q‡jb| G NUbvi ci gvbeRvwZ‡K wkóvPvi wk¶v ‡`qvi Rb¨ G
n‡Z _v‡K| NUbvµ‡g nhiZ Av‡qkv (iv) cÖvK…wZK cÖ‡qvR‡b Zveyi m~ivi KwZcq AvqvZ bvwhj nq|
evB‡i GKUz `~‡i ‡qwQ‡jb| Zveyi Kv‡Q wd‡i G‡m †Lqvj K‡i myiv BbwdZvi : GwU gv°x m~iv| G myivi cÖ_g Avqv‡Zi BbwdZvi
†`‡Lb †h, Zvui Mjvi nviwU †Kv_vI c‡o †M‡Q| nviwUi †Luv‡R kã †_‡K Gi bvgKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q| BbwdZvi A_©-†d‡U hvIqv|
wZwb Avevi †M‡jb| wd‡i G‡m †`‡Lb Kv‡djv P‡j †M‡Q| wZwb myiv AvZ ZvKfxi Gi welqe¯‘i mv‡_ Gi Mfxi wgj cvIqv hvq|
GKv i‡q †M‡Qb| wZwb Pv`i Mv‡q w`‡q †mLv‡bB Nywg‡q c‡ob| AvwLivZ Z_v ciKvj m¤ú‡K© avibv cÖ`vb Z_v wKqvgv‡Zi
mKv‡j †mLvb w`‡q mvdIqvb Be‡b gyqvËvj mvjvgx (iv) wefxwlKv Zz‡j aiv Ges gvby‡li g‡b Avjøvn& fxwZ m„wói Rb¨ G
hvw”Q‡jb| Av‡qkv (iv) ‡K †`‡LB wZwb wP‡b †dj‡jb| wZwb DU
m~iv bvwhj nq|
_vwg‡q †Rv‡i ÔBbœvwjjøvnÕ D”PviY Kivq Av‡qkv (iv) Gi Nyg †f‡O
hvq| wZwb †Kvb K_v bv e‡j Zuvi DU‡K Av‡qkv (iv) Gi mvg‡b m~iv eyiæR : g°vq hLb Øx‡bi b~‡ii cÖfvq kZvãxi AÜ Kzms¯‹vi
e‡q `~‡i `vwo‡q _v‡Kb| Av‡qkv (iv) D‡Ui Dci mIqvi n‡j `~ixf~Z n‡Z jvMj ZLb Zv g°vi KzivBk‡`i wbKU `ywe©ln n‡q
wZwb D‡Ui iwk a‡i G‡Mv‡Z _v‡Kb| `ycy‡ii KvQvKvwQ mg‡q Zviv DVj| Zviv bex Kixg (m) †K wbh©vZb Kiv ïiæ K‡iwQj| Z`ycwi
Kv‡djvi mv‡_ wgwjZ nb| gybvwdK †bZv Avãyjøvn Be‡b DevB G Mixe wbt¯^ gymjgvb‡`i cÖwZI wbh©vZ‡bi gvÎv evwo‡q w`j|
Lei ïbvi mv‡_ mv‡_ wPrKvi K‡i e‡j DVj ÒAvjøvni Kmg, G gviwcU, Mvwj MvjvR QvovI Zv‡`i‡K †eu‡a Zß †iŠ‡`ª wb‡¶c,
gwnjv PwiÎ nvwi‡q‡Q| †`L, †Zvgv‡`i bexi ¯¿x Av‡iK R‡bi mv‡_ kix‡i PveyK gviv, bvix‡`i‡K jvwÃZ I Dj½ Kiv BZ¨vw` AcKg©
[18]
KiZ| g‡b KiZ G‡Z Zv‡`i cÖwZgv Lywk n‡e| Amnvq gymjgvbiv †Zvgvi eyw×-we‡ePbvi wK `kv nj; e¨emv-evwYR¨ g›`v K‡i w`‡j,
bex Kixg (m) Gi Kv‡Q dwiqv` Ki‡j wZwb Zv‡`i‡K mvšÍbv DbœwZi c_ Z¨vM K‡i †Kvb wPšÍv av›`vq Ave× n‡qQ? ØxbI
w`‡Zb Ges ej‡Zb kxNªB G‡`i cÖZvc bm¨vr Kiv n‡e| G‡Z †Lvqv‡j Ges `ywbqvI cyiv`‡g bó K‡i w`‡jÓ| nqiZ Avey eKi
Kvwdiiv AviI AwaK cwigvY we`ªæc KiwQj| ZvB AvjøvnÕZvAvjv wmÏxK (iv) cÖZz¨Ë‡i ej‡jb, Ò†h e¨w³ Avjøvn I Zuvi im~‡ji
gymjgvb‡`i mvšÍbv cÖ`v‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ G m~ivwU AeZxY© K‡ib| †Mvjvg e‡b hvq, †m ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq bv| ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq ïaygvÎ H
e¨w³B, †h AvwLiv‡Zi †Kvb wPšÍv K‡i bvÓ| ZLb GB m~ivwU bvwhj
m~iv jvBj : g°vi †MvÎcwZ‡`i g‡a¨ nhiZ Avey eKi wmÏxK (iv) nq|
Ges DgvBqv Be‡b Ljd G `yRb wQ‡jb AZ¨waK m¤ú`kvjx| wKš‘
nhiZ Avey eKi (iv) wQ‡jb gymjgvb Ges bex‡`i cieZ©x ¯’v‡b m~iv ûgvhvn : cÖ_g Avqv‡Zi ûgvhvn& kãwU‡K Gi bvg wn‡m‡e MY¨
Ab¨vb¨ mK‡ji †P‡q †kÖô Ges ¯^xq kÖg-m¤ú` Avjøvni iv¯Ívq Kiv n‡q‡Q| GwU gv°x m~iv| Gi welq I eY©bvf½x we‡kølY Ki‡j
DrmM©Kvix| Avi DgvBqv Be‡b Ljd G‡K †Zv wQj Kvwdi Z`ycwi GwU im~j (m) Gi beyqvZ cvIqvi ci g°vq cÖ_g w`‡K AeZxb©
wQj K…cY I e`| nhiZ †ejvj (iv) G e` e¨vw³iB K…Z`vm m~iv¸‡jvi AšÍf©y³ e‡j g‡b nq| G m~ivq wZbwU RNb¨ †Mvbv‡ni
wQ‡jb| wZwb †Mvc‡b Cgvb G‡bwQ‡jb| G Kvi‡Y DgvBqv Zuvi kvwšÍ I Zvi ZxeªZv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| cÖ_gwU cðv‡Z wb›`v Kiv ev
cÖwZ wbôzi AvPiY KiZ| nhiZ Avey eKi (iv) GUv Rvb‡Z †c‡i MxeZ, wØZxqwU m¤§y‡L wb›`v Kiv Ges Z…ZxqwU A_©wjáv|
Zuvi †Mvjvg wbQZvQ iægx Ges Zrm‡½ Pwjøk AvIwKqv A_©vr
PvikZ wek †Zvjv Puvw`i wewbg‡q nhiZ †ejvj (iv) †K Lwi` K‡i
gy³ K‡i w`‡jb| Gfv‡e AviI mvZwU †Mvjvg euv`x‡K µq K‡i m~iv wdj : Avwewmwbqvi ivRvi cÖwZwbwa ÔAveivnvÕ Kvevi
gy³ K‡i †`b| GKw`b nhiZ Avey eKi (iv) K¤^jv”Qvw`Z n‡q cÖwZØ›ØxZvq B‡q‡g‡bi weL¨vZ ÔmvbAvÕ bvgK kn‡i wbR L„óa‡g©i
e‡m wQ‡jb| Ggb mgq nhiZ wReivCj (Av) im~jyjøvn (m) Gi bv‡g eû A_© e¨‡q GK my›`i wMR©v wbg©vY K‡i| Avi‡ei KzivBkiv
wbKU G‡m ej‡Z jvM‡jb, Ò‡n Avjøvni im~j! IB K¤^j Rov‡bv G‡Z LyeB e¨vw_Z nq| R‰bK Avie bZzb MxR©v‡Z cvqLvbv K‡i
Mixe †jvKwU‡K Avjøvn mvjvg w`‡q‡Qb, whwb ¯^xq mgy`q m¤ú` w`j| NUbvµ‡g Av¸b ‡j‡M wMR©vwU f¯§xf~Z n‡q †Mj| Aveivnv
Avcbvi cÖwZ AKvZ‡i wewj‡q w`‡q‡Qb| Avjøvn cvK GUvI Rvb‡Z †µvavwš^Z n‡q wekvj ˆmb¨evwnbx I n¯Íx`j wb‡q KvevM„n aŸs‡mi
†P‡q‡Qb †h, wZwb G wbt¯^ Ae¯’vqI wK Avgvi cÖwZ mš‘ó Av‡Qb, D‡Ï‡k¨ Kvevi wbKU †cuŠQv‡j mgy`ª n‡Z meyR I njy` is‡qi Suv‡K
bv AšÍ‡i †Kvb `ytLfve †cvlY Ki‡Qb?Ó im~j (m) hLb G msev` Suv‡K Avevwej bvgK GK cÖKvi †QvU †QvU cvwL gy‡L I _vevq cÖ¯iÍ
Zuvi wbK‡U †cuŠQv‡jb, ZLb wZwb fvev‡e‡M ej‡jb, ÒAvwg Avcb LÛ wb‡q Aveivnv evwnbxi Dci el©Y Ki‡Z jvM‡jv| cÖ¯iÍ
cvjbKZ©vi cÖwZ mš‘ó AvwQÓ| ZLb G m~ivwU bvwhj nq| LÛ¸‡jv GK w`K w`‡q Xz‡K Aciw`K w`‡q †ei n‡q †hZ| G‡Z
m~iv `ynv : ûhyi (m) hLb Amy¯’ n‡q c‡owQ‡jb ZLb `yB wZb ivZ cÖvq mK‡jB wbnZ n‡jv| im~j (m) †K mvšÍbv `vb, Kvevi gvnvZœ¨
Bev`v‡Zi Rb¨ DV‡Z cv‡ib wb| R‰bK Kvwdi ¯¿x‡jvK Zuv‡K cÖKvk Ges D³ NUbv Rvbv‡bvi Rb¨ Avjøvn G m~ivwU bvwhj K‡ib|
ejj, ÒAvcbvi †Lv`v Avcbv‡K cwiZ¨vM K‡i‡QÓ| NUbvµ‡g m~iv gvDb : Be‡b gvi`yBqv, Be‡b AveŸvm (iv) I Be‡b hyevBi
ZLb wKQzw`b Inx AeZiYI eÜ wQj| Kvwdiiv ej‡Z jvMj, (iv) G m~iv‡K gv°x wn‡m‡e MY¨ K‡i‡Qb| †kl Avqv‡Zi †kl
Ògynv¤§‡`i †Lv`v gynv¤§`‡K Z¨vM K‡i‡QÓ| G cÖm‡½B G m~ivwU kãwU‡K m~ivi bvg wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Av‡Liv‡Zi cÖwZ
AeZxY© nq| Cgvb bv Avb‡j gvby‡li g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv ˆbwZKZv Rb¥ †bq bv Zv
m~iv K`i : Be‡b Avex nv‡Zg (iv) ‡_‡K ewY©Z, im~jyjøvn (m) eY©bv KivB Gi g~j welqe¯‘| G‡Z Kvwdi Ges Mv‡dj I †jvK
GKevi ebx BmivC‡ji R‰bK gyRvwn` m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡jb| †`Lv‡bv bvgvRx‡`i aŸs‡mi evZ©v ïbv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
†m GK nvRvi gvm ch©šÍ Aweivg wRnv‡` gk¸j _v‡K Ges KLbI myiv KvImvi : im~j (m) Gi †Q‡j nhiZ Kv‡kg (iv) B‡šÍKvj
A¯¿ mseiY K‡iwb| gymjgvbiv GK_v ï‡b wew¯§Z n‡j G m~iv Ki‡j AvQ Be‡b Iqv‡qj Qvngx Ges Zvi mv_x Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡diiv
bvwhj nq| Be‡b Rvixi (i) Aci GKwU NUbv Gfv‡e D‡jøL ej‡Z jvM‡jv, ÒAvcwb †Zv wbe©sk n‡q †M‡jb| Avcbvi wKQzB
K‡i‡Qb †h, ebx-BmivC‡ji R‰bK e¨w³ mvivivZ Bev`v‡Z gk¸j _vK‡e bvÓ| nhiZ bex cvK (m) Gi cyÎ we‡qvM‡nZz Awek¦vmx
_vKZ Ges mKvj n‡ZB wRnv‡`i Rb¨ †ei n‡q †hZ Ges mvivw`b KzivBkiv we‡ØlekZ Zuv‡K AvUKz‡o e‡j AwfwnZ KiZ Ges ejZ
wRnv‡` wjß _vKZ| ‡m GK nvRvi gvm Gfv‡e cvi K‡i †`q| G †h, Òg„Z¨yi mv‡_ mv‡_B †Zv gynv¤§‡`i ag©-Kg© bvg wbkvbv †kl
m~ivq im~j (m) Gi D¤§v‡Zi Rb¨ ïay GK iv‡Zi Bev`ZB †m n‡q hv‡eÓ| ZLb im~j (m) †K mvšÍbv cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ m~ivwU bvwhj
gyRvwn‡`i GK nvRvi gv‡mi Bev`vZ A‡c¶v †kÖô cÖwZcbœ Kiv
nq|
n‡q‡Q|
m~iv Kvwdiƒb : nhiZ Be‡b AveŸvm (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z, Ijx` Be‡b
m~iv Avmi : Kzjvn& Be‡b DQvB` Rv‡njx hy‡M nhiZ Avey eKi gyMxiv, Avm Be‡b Iqv‡qj, AvmIqv` Be‡b Avãyj gyËvwje Ges
wmÏxK (iv) Gi Kv‡Q Avmv hvIqv KiZ| nhiZ Avey eK‡ii Cgvb DgvBqv Be‡b Ljd ûhyi (m) Gi Kv‡Q G‡m ejj †h, ÒGK eQi
MÖn‡Yi ci †m GKevi Avm‡jv Ges ej‡Z jvMj, ÒAvey eKi!
[19]
Avcwb Avgv‡`i Dcvm¨‡`i Bev`vZ Ki‡eb Ges GK eQi Avgiv wb‡`©‡k AvZ¥xq‡`i‡K mvdv cvnv‡o mg‡eZ K‡i Øx‡bi `vIqvZ
Avcbvi Dcv‡m¨i Bev`vZ KieÓ| wZeivbxi †iIqv‡q‡Z Be‡b w`w”Q‡jb| Avey jvnve †µvavwš^Z n‡q ejj, Ò†Zvgvi me©bvk †nvK
AveŸvm (iv) eY©bv K‡ib, Kvwdiiv cÖ_‡g cvi¯úwiK kvwšÍi ¯^v‡_© GRb¨B wK Avgv‡`i‡K †W‡K‡Qv?Ó G cÖm‡½ GB m~ivwU AeZxY©
ûhyi (m) †K cÖ¯Íve Ki‡jv †h, ÒAvgiv Avcbv‡K GZ wecyj nq| Zvi ¯¿x D‡¤§ Rvwgj I im~jyjøvn (m) Gi mv‡_ kÎæZv †cvlY
cwigv‡Y ab-Hk¦h© †`e †h, G‡Z Avcwb g°vi me©vwaK abvX¨ e¨vw³ Ki‡Zv|
n‡q hv‡eb| Avcwb †h gwnjv‡K B”Qv weevn Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|
wewbg‡q ïay Avgv‡`i Dcvm¨‡`i‡K g›` ej‡eb bv| GUvI bv m~iv GLjvm : wZiwghx I nv‡Kg cÖgy‡Li †iIqv‡q‡Z Av‡Q
gvb‡j GK eQi Avgiv Avcbvi Dcv‡m¨i Bev`vZ Kie Ges Avcwb gykwiKiv imyjyjøvn (m) †K Avjøvn Zvqvjvi esk cwiPq wR‡Ám
GKeQi Avgv‡`i Dcvm¨‡`i Bev`vZ Ki‡eb| Zv‡`i G K‡iwQj, hvi RIqv‡e GB m~iv bvwhj nq| Ab¨ GK †iIqv‡q‡Z
Av‡cvlg~jK K_vi Rev‡e G m~iv AeZxY© nq| Av‡Q g`xbvi Bû`xiv G cÖkœ K‡iwQj| †Kvb †Kvb †iIqv‡q‡Z
Av‡Q, gykwiKiv AviI cÖkœ K‡iwQj- ÒAvjøvn Zvqvjv wK‡mi ˆZix,
m~iv bvmi : G m~iv g`xbvq AeZxY© Ges Aci bvg m~iv ZvI`x| ¯^Y©-‡ivc¨ A_ev Ab¨ wKQzi?Ó Gi Rev‡e m~ivwU bvwhj nq|
ZvI`x k‡ãi A_©- we`vq Kiv| G m~ivq im~‡j Kixg (m) Gi
IdvZ wbKUeZ©x nIqvi Bw½Z Av‡Q weavq Gi bvg ZvI`x n‡q‡Q| m~iv dvjvK I bvm : m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm GKB NUbvq AeZxY©
GwU me©‡kl bvwhjK…Z c~Y©v½ m~iv| nhiZ Be‡b Igi (iv) e‡jb- n‡q‡Q| m~iv `ywU‡K GK‡Î gyAvweŸhvZvBb (Avkªq PvIqvi m~iv)
m~iv bvmi we`vq n‡¾ AeZxb© n‡q‡Q| AZ:ci im~j (m) gvÎ ejv nq| gymbv‡` Avngv‡` ewY©Z Av‡Q- R‰bK Bû`x im~j (m) Gi
Avwk w`b RxweZ wQ‡jb| Ab¨ †iIqv‡q‡Z ewY©Z Av‡Q †h, Lvqevi Dci hv`y K‡iwQj| d‡j wZwb Amy¯’ n‡q c‡ob| wReivCj (Av)
hy× †_‡K †divi c‡_ G m~ivwU AeZxb© nq| Avi Lvqevi hy× g°v AvMgb K‡i msev` w`‡jb †h, R‰bK Bû`x hv`y K‡i‡Q Ges †h
weR‡qi c~‡e© msNwUZ nq| G m~ivq im~j (m) Gi g„Zz¨ Avmbœ Zv wRwb‡m hv`y K‡i‡Q Zv AgyK K~‡ci g‡a¨ Av‡Q| K~c †_‡K hv`y Kiv
†evSv‡bv nq| wPiywbwU D×vi K‡i Zvi MÖwš’¸‡jv Ly‡j †`Iqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ im~j
(m) m¤ú~Y© my¯’ n‡q I‡Vb| wPiæwbwU‡Z Pzj Øviv GMv‡ivwU MÖwš’
m~iv jvnve : Avey jvnve wQj im~j (m) Gi PvPv| Kzdwii Kvi‡Y wQj| Avi m~iv dvjvK I m~iv bvm wg‡j AvqvZ msL¨vI GMv‡ivwU|
†m im~j (m) Gi †Nvi kÎæ wQj| im~jj y øvn (m) GK`v Avjøvni

[20]
 KwZcq nv`xm
nvwimyj Avkqvix ewY©Z nv`xm `yRb †jvK hviv GKgvÎ Avjøvni mš‘wói Rb¨B G‡K Aci‡K
D”PviY t Avwbj nvwiwmj Avkqvix (iv:) Avbœvexq¨v (m:) K¡jv Avbv fvjev‡m Ges Avjøvni mš‘wói Rb¨B wew”Qbœ n‡q hvq, 5. Giƒc
AvgiæbœvKyg we Lgwkb Avjøvvû Avgviwb wewnbœv wej RvgvqvwZ, †jvK hv‡K †Kvb m¤£všÍ my›`ix bvix KzKv‡Ri cÖwZ AvnŸvb K‡i‡Q
Iqvmmvgwq AvvËqvwZ, Iqvj wnRivZx, Iqvj wRnv`x wd wKš‘ †m GB e‡j Zvi cÖ¯Íve cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Q †h Avwg Avjøvn‡K
mvwewjjøvn| wd Bbœvû gvb LivRv wgbvj RvgvqvwZ wKqØv wkeixb fq Kwi, 6. †h e¨w³ AZ¨šÍ †Mvc‡b `vb LqivZ K‡i GgbwK Zvi
dvK¡v` Ljvqv wieK¡Zvj Bmjvwg wgb DbywKwn, Bjøv AvBqy¨iwRqv Wvb nvZ hv wKQz `vb K‡i Zvi evg nvZI Zv Rvb‡Z cv‡i bv, 7.
Iqv gvb `vÕAv we`vÕIqvj Rv‡nwjq¨vn dvûqv wgb Rymv Rvnvbœvg| Giƒc e¨w³ †h wbR©‡b Avjøvn‡K ¯§iY K‡i Ges `y‡Pv‡Li AkÖæ
K¡jy Bqv im~jyjøvwn Iqv Bbmgv Iqv mjøv K¡jv Iqv Bbmgv Iqv mjøv Siv‡Z _v‡KÓ| (eyLvix, gymwjg-1334)
Iqv RvAvÕgv, Avbœvû gymwjgyb, dv`q¨yj gymwjwgbv wegv mv¤§vûgyj
gymwjwgbvj gywgwbbv Bev`vjøvwn Avhhv Iqvhvjøv|
cvuPwU cÖkœ m¤úwK©Z nv`xm
A_©: nhiZ nvwimyj Avkqvix (iv) ‡_‡K ewb©Z, bex (m:) e‡j‡Qb,
Avwg ‡Zvgv‡`i‡K cvuPwU wel‡qi wb‡`©k w`w”Q| ‡h¸‡jvi e¨vcv‡i D”PviY t Avb Be‡b gvÕmD` (ivt) Avbœvb bvexBD (mt) K¡jv
Avjøvn Avgv‡K wb‡`©k w`‡q‡Qb| RvgvqvZ e× n‡e, ‡bZvi Av‡`k jvÕZvhSzjy K¡`vgv Be‡b Av`vgv BDgvj wKqvgv wgbBsw` iweŸwn
gb w`‡q ïb‡e I Zv g‡b Pj‡e| Avjøvni c‡_ wnRiZ Ki‡e Avi nvËv BDm Avjv Avb Lgwm Avb Dgywiwn wdgv Avdbvû Iqv Avb
Avjøvni iv¯Ívq wRnv` Ki‡e| ‡h e¨w³ msMVb ‡_‡K ‡ewi‡q GK mvev wewn wdgv Avejvû Igvwjwn wgb AvBbv BKZvmvevû Iqv wdgv
weNZ cwigvb `~‡i m‡i ‡M‡jv, ‡m Zvi M`©vb ‡_‡K Bmjv‡gi iwk AvsdvK¡û Avgvhv Avwgjv wdgv Avwjgv|
Ly‡j ‡dj‡jv| Z‡e hw` wd‡i Av‡m Zv wfbœ K_v| Avi ‡h e¨w³
Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi w`‡K Avnevb Rvbvq ‡m Rvnvbœvwg| mvnvev‡q A_©t nhiZ Be‡b gvmD` (iv) bex Kixg (m) n‡Z eY©bv K‡ib,
‡Kivgiv ej‡jb, Bqv imyjyjøvn (m:)! ‡m hw` ‡ivRv iv‡L, bvgvh wZwb e‡j‡Qb, ÒwKqvg‡Zi w`b gvby‡li cv GKwe›`y bo‡Z cvi‡e
c‡o GiciI? im~j (mv:) ej‡jb, hw` ‡m ‡ivhv iv‡L, bvgvh c‡o bv, hZ¶b ch©šÍ Zvi wbKU GB cuvPwU wel‡q wRÁvmvev` Kiv bv
Ges wb‡R‡K gymjgvb e‡j `vwe K‡i ZviciI Rvnvbœvwg n‡e| Z‡e n‡e| 1. wb‡Ri RxebKvj †m ‡Kvb Kv‡R AwZevwnZ K‡i‡Q? 2.
‡Zvgiv gymjgvb‡`i Wv‡Kv ‡hfv‡e wZwb (Avjøvn) Zv‡`i bvgKiY †hŠe‡bi kw³ mvg_© †Kv_vq e¨q K‡i‡Q? 3. ab m¤ú` †Kv_v n‡Z
K‡i‡Qb gymwjg, gywgb Ges Avjøvni ev›`v wn‡m‡e| (gymbv‡` DcvR©b K‡i‡Q? 4. †Kv_vq Zv e¨q K‡i‡Q? Ges 5. †m Øx‡bi
Avng`:16542) hZUzKz Ávb AR©b K‡i‡Q †m Abyhvqx KZUzKz Avgj K‡i‡QÓ?
(wZiwghx-2340)
nvk‡ii w`‡b Avi‡ki Qvqvi wb‡P Kviv ¯’vb cv‡e
D”PviY t Avb Avwe nyivqiv (iv) Avbœvb bvweI (mv) K¡jv mv-AvjZz cvuPwU Ae¯’vi m¤§yLxb nIqvi c~‡e© cuvPwU Ave¯’v‡K g~j¨evb
BDwhjøy ûgyjøvû wd whjøvwZwn BqvI gv jvwhjøy Bjøv whjøyû, Bgvgyb g‡b Kiv:
Avw`jyb IqvkveŸyb bvkvAv wd Gev`vwZjøvwn AvÕ S&SvIqvhvjøv D”PviYt Avb Avgi Bebx gvBgyb Avj AvI`x (ivt) K¡jv K¡jv
Iqvihyjyb K¡j eyûj gyAvjøKzb wdj gvkv wR` Iqv iRyjvwb ZvnveŸv imyjyjøvn (mt) wjiRywjb Iqvûqv BqvBRyû BMZvwbg Lgmvb K¡ejv
wdjjøvwnRZvgvAv AvÕjvBwn IqvZvi&iK¡ AvjvBwn iRyjyb `vAvÕZû Lgwmb mvevevKv K¡ejv nviwgKv Iqvwmn nvwZKv K¡ejv mvKwgKv
BgivAvZzb hvZz ûmwbb Iqv hvgvwjb K¡ÕKjv Bbœv AvLvdzjøvû Iqv Iqv wMbv AvKv K¡ejv dvKwiKv Iqv wdiMKv K¡ejv ïMwjKv Iqv
iRyjyb Zv- mØvKv wemvØvKvwZb dvAvLvdvnv nvËv jvZvÕAvjvgv nvBqvwZKv K¡ejv gvIwZKv|
wkgvjyû gvÕ ZzbwdKz Bqvwgbyû Iqv iRyjyb hvKvijøvn LwjBqvb A_©t nhiZ Avgi Be‡b gvBgyb Avj AvIw` (ivt) Gi eY©bv- ivmyj
dvdvÕØZ AvBbvû| (mt) GK e¨w³‡K Dc‡`k w`‡Z ‡q e‡jb, cvuPwU Ave¯’vi m¤§yLxb
A_© t nhiZ Avey ûivqiv (iv) †_‡K ewY©Z| bex Kixg (m) e‡jb,
nIqvi c~‡e© cuvPwU Ave¯’v‡K AvwZe g~j¨evb g‡b Ki‡e-(1) eva©‡K¨
ÒGiƒc mvZ Rb †jvK‡K †mw`b Avjøvn Zvi mykxZj QvqvZ‡j ¯’vb DcwbZ nIqv c~‡e© †hŠeb‡K, (2) ‡ivMvµvšÍ nIqvi c~‡e©
†`‡eb †hw`b Zvi Qvqv e¨ZxZ Avi †Kvb Qvqv _vK‡e bv| 1. my¯’Zv‡K,(3) `wi`ªZvi wkKv‡i cwZZ nIqvi c~‡e© m”QjZv‡K,(4)
mywePviK Bgvg ev †bZv, 2. gnvb I civµgkvjx Avjøvni Bev`v‡Z
e¨¯ÍZvi c~‡e© Aemi mgq†K,(5) g„Z¨yi c~‡e© Rxeb Kvj‡K|
gk¸j hyeK, 3. gmwR‡`i mv‡_ m¤ú„³ ü`‡qi AwaKvix e¨w³, 4.
(wZiwghx,wgkKvZ)

[21]
 gvmqvjv-gvmv‡qj
Ahyi diR : 4 wU 3. ‡ekx `~e©jZvi Kvi‡Y cvwb Avb‡Z A¶g n‡j|
1. mg¯Í gyLgÛj †avqv| 4. hvbevn‡b cvwb e¨env‡i A¶g n‡j|
2. `yB nv‡Zi KbyBmn †avqv| 5. Ahy Ki‡Z †M‡j bvgv‡Ri RvgvZ Qy‡U hvIqvi AvksKv
3. gv_v gv‡mn Kiv| _vK‡j †h bvgvh c‡i cvIqv hv‡e bv| †hgbÑ C‡`i
4. `yB cv‡qi UvLbymn †avqv| bvgvR|
Ahyi mybœvZ: 15 wU Zvqv¤§y‡gi diR: 3 wU
1. Avjøvni mšÍwó Ges Av‡Liv‡Z cÖwZ`v‡bi wbqZ Kiv| 1. wbqZ Kiv
2. wemwgjøvwni ivngvwbi ivnxg e‡j Ahy ïiæ Kiv| 2. mg¯Í gyL GKevi gv‡mn Kiv |
3. gyL †avqvi Av‡M Kwâ ch©šÍ `yÕnvZ †avqv| 3. `yB nvZ KbyBmn GKevi gv‡mn& Kiv|
4. wZb evi Kzwj Kiv|
5. wgmIqvK Kiv| bvgv‡Ri diR †PŠÏwUÑ evwn‡i 7wU I wfZ‡i 7wU :
6. bv‡K wZbevi cvwb †`qv| bvgv‡Ri evB‡ii mvZ dih AvnKvg :
7. wZb evi `vwo †Ljvj Kiv| 1. kixi cvK
8. nvZ cv‡qi Av½y‡j †Ljvj Kiv| 2. Kvco cvK
9. †MvUv gv_v gv‡mn Kiv| 3. bvgv‡Ri ¯’vb cvK
10. `yÕKvb gv‡mn Kiv| 4. mZi XvKv
11. µgvbymv‡i Kiv| 5. wKejvgywL nIqv
12. cÖ_‡g Wvb w`‡Ki As½ †avqv Zvici evg w`‡Ki| 6. wbqZ Kiv
13. GKwU A½ †avqvi ci ci wØZxqwU †avqv| GKwUi ci 7. Iqv³ gZ bvgvR cov|
GKwU ay‡Z wej¤^ bv Kiv †h, cÖ_gwU ïwK‡q hvq| bvgv‡Ri †fZ‡ii mvZ dih AviKvb :
14. cÖ‡Z¨K A½ wZbevi K‡i †avqv| 1. ZvKex‡i Zvnwigv ejv
15. Ahyi †k‡l gmbyb †`vqv cov| 2. `vwo‡q bvgvR cov
Ahy f‡½i KviY: 7 wU 3. wKiAvZ cov
1. cvqLvbv ev †ckv‡ei iv¯Ív w`‡q †Kvb wKQy †ei nIqv| 4. iyKz Kiv
2. gyL fwiqv ewg nIqv| 5. wmR`v Kiv
3. kix‡ii ¶Z¯’vb nB‡Z i³ cyuR ev cvwb †ei n‡q Mwo‡q cov| 6. †kl ‰eV‡K emv
4. _y_yi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki‡j i‡³i cwigvY †ekx nIqv| 7. B”QvK…Z mvjv‡gi Øviv bvgvR †kl Kiv|
5. wPr ev KvZ n‡q †njvb w`‡q Nyg nIqv| bvgv‡Ri IqvwRe ‡PŠÏwU| h_v :
6. cvMj, gvZvj I A‡PZb nB‡j| 1. dih bvgv‡Ri cÖ_g `yÕivKv‡Z ‡KivqvZ Kiv|
7. bvgv‡R D”P¯^‡i nvm‡j Ahy †f‡½ hvq| 2. dih bvgv‡hi cÖ_g `yÕivKv‡Z Ges evKx bvgvh¸‡jvi mg¯Í
ivKv‡Z m~iv dv‡Znv cov|
‡Mvm‡ji dih: 3 wU 3. m~iv dv‡Znv covi ci dih bvgv‡hi cÖ_g `yÕivKv‡Z Ges
1. Kzwj Kiv| IqvwRe mybœvZ I bdj bvgv‡hi mKj ivKv‡Z Ab¨ ‡Kvb m~iv
2. bv‡K cvwb †`Iqv| cov Zv ‡MvUv m~iv ‡nvK, eo GK AvqvZ †nvK A_ev ‡QvU wZb
AvqvZ ‡nvK|
3. mg¯Í kixi fvjfv‡e †aŠZ Kiv| 4. m~iv dv‡Znv wØZxq m~ivi Av‡M cov|
†Mvm‡ji mybœvZ: 6wU 5. ‡KivqvZ, iæKy, wmR`v Ges AvqvZMy‡jvi g‡a¨ µg wVK ivLv|
1. Avjøvni mšÍwó Ges mIqv‡ei wbq‡Z cweÎZv AR©b Kiv| 6. iæKy ‡_‡K D‡V ‡mvRv n‡q `vuov‡bv|
2. mybœv‡Zi µgvbymv‡i †Mvmj Kiv Ges cÖ_‡g Ahy Kiv| 7. `yÕwmR`vi gv‡S wbwðZ g‡b ‡mvRv n‡q emv|
3. `yÕnvZ Kwâ ch©šÍ †avqv| 8. ZvÕ`x‡j AviKvb| A_v©r iæKyÕ Ges wmR`v wbwðZ I cÖkvšÍ
4. kixi †_‡K bvcvwK `~i Kiv Ges N‡l N‡l †avqv| g‡b fvjfv‡e Av`vq Kiv|
9. wZb Ges Pvi ivKvZ wewkó bvgv‡R `yÕivKv‡Zi ci
5. wgmIqvK Kiv| ÔAvËvwnq¨vZyÕ covi cwigvb mgq emv|
6. mviv kix‡i wZbevi cvwb †`qv| 10. wØZxq Ges †kl ivKv‡Z e‡m GKevi ÔAvËvwnq¨vZyÕ cov|
Zvqv¤§yg KLb Ki‡Z nq : 11. dR‡ii Dfq ivKv‡Z, gvMwie Ges Gkvi cÖ_g `yÕivKv‡Z
1. hLb cvwbi †Kvb mÜvb cvIqv bv hvq| RygAv I C‡`i bvgv‡h, Zvivexn Ges ighvb gv‡m weZ‡ii
bvgv‡h Bgv‡gi D”P¯^‡i ‡KivqvZ Kiv| ‡hvni I Avmi
2. kx‡Zi Kvi‡Y cvwb e¨env‡i cÖvYbv‡ki AvksKv n‡j|
[22]
 bvgv‡h, gvMwi‡e †kl ivKv‡Z Ges Gkvi ‡kl `yB ivKv‡Z Iqvjv- BDK¡Ø AvjvBKv Iqv Bbœvû jv-Bqvwhjøy gvb Iqv jvqZv Iqv
Av‡¯Í ‡KivqvZ Kiv|
jv-BqvBS&Sz gvb AvÕ-`vqZv Zvev-iKZv ieŸvbv- Iqv ZvAvÕ-jvBZv
12. weZi bvgv‡h ‡`vqv Kzby‡Zi Rb¨ ZvKexi e‡j ‡`vqv KzbyZ cov
13. bvgvh mvjvg Øviv ‡kl Kiv|
14. `yB C‡`i bvgv‡h AwZwi³ ZvKexi ejv| A_©t †n Avjøvn ,Zzwg Avgv‡K Zv‡`i AšÍfz©³ K‡iv, hv‡`i Zzwg
Km‡ii bvgv‡Ri wbqg wK? †n`v‡qZ K‡iQ Ges Avgv‡K Zv‡`i `jfz³ K‡iv, hv‡`i Zzwg iÿv
hw` †KD Zvi evox †_‡K Ggb ¯’v‡b mdi Kivi R‡b¨ †ei nq †h, K‡iQ| Avgv‡K AšÍf©y³ K‡iv Zv‡`i mv‡_ ,hv‡`i Zzwg cQ›`
cv‡q †n‡U H ¯’v‡b †h‡Z b~b¨Zg 3 w`b mgq jv‡M Ges †m ¯’v‡b
c‡bi w`b ev Zvi Kg _vKvi wbqvZ K‡ib Zvn‡j Zvi Rb¨ Kmi K‡iQ,hv wKQz Avgv‡K w`‡qQ Zvi g‡a¨ eiKZ `vI Ges Zzwg †h
bvgvh Av`vq Kiv IqvwRe| wZb w`‡bi `~iZ¡ AvbygvwbK AvUPwjøk wm×všÍ wba©vwiZ K‡iQ,Zvi AwbóZv †_‡K Avgv‡K iÿv Ki|‡Kej
gvBj (QwÎk gvBj gZvšÍ‡i)| †m R‡b¨ hw` †KD by¨bZg 77.25 ZzwgB mKj e¨vcv‡i wm×všÍ bvI,‡KD †Zvgvi weiæ‡× wm×všÍ wb‡Z
wK‡jvwgUvi mdi Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ evox †_‡K †ei nq Zvn‡j †m cv‡q
†n‡U wZb w`‡b †mLv‡b †cuŠQvK ev `ªæZMvgx hvbevn‡b K‡qK N›Uvq cv‡i bv|Zzwg hv‡K eÜz wn‡m‡e wb‡qQ, †m KL‡bv AcgvwbZ n‡Z
†mLv‡b †cuŠQvK evwo †_‡K †ei nIqvi ci †_‡K evox‡Z wd‡i cv‡i bv|Zzwg hv‡K kÎæ g‡b Ki †m m¤§vb †c‡Z cv‡i bv| †n
Avmvi c~e© ch©šÍ †m Kmi bvgvR co‡e| wb‡Ri evox‡Z Kmi bvgvh
nq bv Z‡e hvÎvc‡_ Km‡ii bvgvh co‡Z n‡e| Km‡ii ‡¶‡Î Pvi
Avgv‡`i ie! Zzwg eiKZgq AwZ gnvb| (wZiwghx:464,
ivKvZ wewkó diR bvgvR `y ivKvZ K‡i co‡e Ges mybZ œ I bdj bvmvC:1745, Avey `vD`:1425)
bvgvR co‡e bv Z‡e weZ‡ii bvgvR co‡e KviY Zv IqvwRe|
cÖ‡qvR‡b †hvni I Avm‡ii bvgvR GK‡Î Ges gvMwie I Gkvi `yAv Kzb~Z-02
bvgvR GK‡Î co‡Z cvi‡e|
D”PiY:Avjø-û¤§v Bbœv- bvmZv B-byKv Iqv bvmZvMwdiæKv Iqv
hvÎvKvjxb ‡Kvb hvbevn‡b _vKv Ae¯’vq bvgv‡Ri wbqg wK?
A‡bK mgq eva¨ n‡q Mvox‡Z bvgvR Av`vq Ki‡Z nq| †m‡¶‡Î byÕwgby weKv Iqv bvZvIqv°vjy AvjvBKv Iqv byQwb- AvjvBKvj LB-
Mvoxi wm‡U ev Mvoxi Rvbvjvi Kv‡P nvZ †g‡i Zvqv¤§yg K‡i m¤¢e i Iqv bvkKziæKv Iqvjv- bvKdziæKv Iqv bvL&jvqy Iqv bvZiæKz gvq
n‡j wKejvgyLx n‡q e‡m ev `vwo‡q ev Bkvivi gva¨‡g bvgvR Av`vq
Ki‡Z n‡e| wKejv †evSv bv †M‡j †h‡Kvb GKw`‡K gyL K‡i bvgvh Bqvd RyiæKv Avjøû¤§v BqvKvbvÕey`y Iqv jvKv byQwjø- Iqv bvmRy`y
co‡jB n‡e| Iqv BjvBKv bvmAvÕ- Iqv bvn&wd`y Iqv bviRy- in&gvZvKv Iqv
Avhv‡bi Reve wK? bvL&kv Avhv-evKv Bbœv Avhv-evKv wej Kzd&dv-wi gyjwnK¡|
‡h e¨vw³ Avhvb kyb‡Z cv‡e Zvi R‡b¨ Avhv‡bi Reve ‡`qv
IqvwRe| wb‡gœv³ Dcv‡q Avhv‡bi Reve w`‡Z nq| A_©: ‡n Avjøvn! wbðqB Avgiv †Zvgvi mvnvh¨ Kvgbv Kwi Ges
1. Avhv‡bi mgq gyqvw¾b hv ej‡e Reve wn‡m‡e ZvB ej‡Z n‡e
ïaygvÎ Ônvq¨v Avjvm& mvjvÕ Ges Ônvq¨v Avjvj dvjvÕ e¨ZxZ| †ZvgviB wbKU ÿgv wfÿv PvB|‡Zvgv‡KB wek¦vm Kwi Ges †ZvgviB
2. gyqvw¾b Ônvq¨v Avjvm& mvjvÕ Ges Ônvq¨v Avjvj dvjvÕ ejvi DciB fimv Kwi,‡ZvgviB DËg cÖksmv Kwi|mKj K…ZÁZv
ci Dfq †¶‡Î †kªvZv ej‡e Ôjv nvIjv Ajv KzIqvZv Bjøv
†ZvgviB cÖwZ, Avgiv AK…ZÁ bB|hviv †Zvgvi Aeva¨ Zv‡`i‡K
wejøvnÕ|
3. ÔAvknv`y Avbœv gynv¤§v`yi im~jyjøvnÕ ejvi mgq Ômjøjvø û cÖZ¨vL¨vb Kwi| †n Avjøvn! Avgiv †ZvgviB Bev`Z Kwi,‡ZvgviB
AvjvBwn Iqv mvjøvgÕ †hvM Ki‡Z n‡e| Rb¨ mvjvZ Av`vq Kwi, †Zvgv‡KB wmR`v,‡ZvgviB Bev`‡Zi Rb¨
4. dR‡ii Avhv‡bi mgq hLb gyqvw¾b ÔAvm&mjvZy LBiyg wgbvb&
bvDg (Nyg ‡_‡K bvgvR DËg)Õ ej‡e ZLb ‡kÖvZv ej‡e AMÖmi nB,‡ZvgviB Bev`v‡Z m‡Pó _vwK,‡ZvgviB ing‡Zi
Ôm`vKZv AeviKZv (Zywg mZ¨ K_vB e‡jQ Ges gsM‡ji K_v cÖZ¨vkvq _vwK,‡Zvgvi Avhve‡K fq Kwi| wbðqB †Zvgvi Avhve
e‡jQ)Õ| Kvwdi‡`i Rb¨ AeavwiZ|(Be‡b LyhvBgv-1100)
Avhv‡bi ‡`vqv wK?
Avjøvny¤§v ieŸv nvwhwnÏvA&Iqv ZvËv¤§vn&| Am&mjvwZj K¡-Bgvn&|
AvwZ gynv¤§v`vwbj AwmjvZv Aj dvw`jvZv| AeAvm&û gvK¡gv¤§vngy`v Rvbvhvi †`vqv
wbjøvwh AAv`&Zvn&| BbœvKv jv ZzLwjdzj gxAv`|
D”PiY: Avjøøû¤§vMwdi wjnvqBbv-Iqv gvBwqwZbv-Iqv kv-wnw`bv-
A_©: ‡n Avjøvn GB cwic~Y© Avnevb Ges kvk¦Z bvgv‡Ri ZywgB Iqv QMxwibv-Iqv Kvexwibv-Iqv hvKvwibv-Iqv DbQv-bv| Avjøû¤§v
cÖfy| nhiZ gynv¤§v` (m) ‡K `vb Ki ‡e‡nk&‡Zi m‡e©v”P m¤§vwbZ
¯’vb Ges mygnvb gh©v`v Avi Zv‡K AwawôZ Ki †kªôZg cÖkswmZ gvb AvnBqvBZvû- wgbœv-dvAvnwqwn-Avjvj Bmjvg Iqv gvb
¯’v‡b hvi cÖwZkÖywZ Zywg Zv‡K w`‡qQ| wbðqB Zywg cÖwZkÖywZi ZvIqvd&dvqZvû wgbœv dvZvIqvddvû Avjvj Cgvb| Avjøû¤§v jv-
e¨wZµg Ki bv| Zvn&wigbv AvRiû Iqvjv-ZvdwZbœv evÕ`vû|
`yAv Kzb~Z-01 A_©: ‡n Avjøvn! Avgv‡`i RxweZ I g„Z Ges (GB Rvbvhvi)
D”PiYt Avjø-û¤§vn & Øxwb- wd- gvb nv`vqZv Iqv AvÕwdwb wd- gvb Dcw¯’Z I Abycw¯’Z, Avi Avgv‡`i †QvU I eo Ges Avgv‡`i bi
AvÕdvqZv Iqv ZvIqvjøvwb wd-gvb ZvIqvjøvqZv Iqv evwiK wj- I bvix mevB‡K ÿgv K‡iv| †n Avjøvn! Avgv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K Zzwg
wd-gvb AvÕZ¡qZv Iqv wK¡bx- kvi&igv- K¡`qZv BbœvKv ZvK¡Øx-
[23]
hv‡K evuwP‡q ivL‡e Zv‡K Zzwg Bmjv‡gi Dc‡i euvwP‡q iv‡Lv Ges AvqvZ A_ev m~ivi †k‡l hv ej‡Z nq
hv‡K Zzwg gvi‡Z PvI Zv‡K Zzwg Cgv‡bi Ae¯’vq g„Zy¨ `vI| Avi m~iv dvwZnv I evKviv †k‡l ej‡e- Avwgb|
Avjøvn GB jv‡ki cÖwZ`vb †_‡K Zzwg Avgv‡`i ewÂZ K‡iv bv Ges m~iv ewbBmivBj †k‡l ej‡e- AvjøvûAvKeviæ Kvwe i|
Gi c‡i Avgv‡`i‡K wdZbvqI ‡d‡jv bv |(Avey `vD`- m~iv IqvwKqv I nv°vn Gi †k‡l ej‡e- myenvbviweŸ Bqvj AvwRg|
3201,wZiwghx-1024) m~iv g~jK Gi ‡k‡l ej‡e- Avjøû BqvwZbv IqvûIqv ieŸyj
gRwjm †k‡li †`vqv Avjvwgb|
D”PiYt myenv-bvKv Avjøû¤§v Iqv wenvgw`Kv Avknv`y Avjøv- Bjv-nv m~iv wKqvgvn Gi †k‡l ej‡e- evjv IqvBR&hvwZ iweŸbv|
Bjøv- AvbZv AvmZvMwdiæKv Iqv AvZz-ey BjvBK| m~iv g~imvjvZ LZg K‡i ej‡e- Avgvbœv wejøvwn|
m~iv AvÕjv cvV Kv‡j ev cÖ_g Avqv‡Zi ci ej‡e- myenvbv iweŸ
A_©: †n Avjøvn! Avwg †Zvgvi cweÎZv eY©bv Kwi †Zvgvi cÖksmvi Avj Avjv|
mv‡_| Avwg mvÿ¨ w`w”Q †h, Zzwg e¨ZxZ †Kvb gvÕey` †bB| Avwg m~iv AvZ-Zxb Gi †k‡l ej‡e- evjvIqvAvbv Avjv RvwjKv wgbvm
†Zvgvi wbKU ÿgv cÖ_©bv KiwQ Ges Avwg †Zvgvi wbKU ZIev kvwn`xb
KiwQ|(wZiwghx-3433,‡gkKvZ-2433)

[24]
 Kg©c×wZ-01
Kg©c×wZi msÁv: †h c×wZ Øviv Kg©m~Px A_ev Kg©‡KŠkj ev¯Íevqb GKwU ˆeÁvwbK Ges ev¯Íem¤§Z Kg©c×wZ Bmjvgx
Kiv nq, Zv‡K Kg©c×wZ (Manner of Work/ Method of Av‡›`vj‡bi Rb¨ Acwinvh©|
Work) e‡j| Ab¨vb¨ gZv`‡k©i mv‡_ Avgv‡`i Kg©c×wZi cv_©K¨:
eBwU 2 fv‡M wef³ : Bmjv‡gi mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ evwZj gZv`‡k©i cv_©K¨ ïaygvÎ
1. f~wgKv `k©bMZ ev ZvwË¡K bq-c×wZMZ w`‡KI i‡q‡Q GK weivU
2. cuvP `dv Kg©m~Px I Zvi ev¯Íevqb| cv_©K¨| b¨vq I hyw³m½Z c‡_B evwZ‡ji AcmviY Bmjv‡gi
fywgKv Kvg¨| G e¨vcv‡i evwZ‡ji mv‡_ Av‡cv‡li †Kvb cÖkBœ I‡V
ÒKg©c×wZÓ eBwUi fzwgKv‡K †gvUvgywU fv‡e Qq fv‡M fvM Kiv bv| ZvB Bmjvg‡K mgv‡R cÖwZôv Kivi c×wZI Ab¨vb¨
hvq| †m¸‡jv n‡jvt Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©c×wZ †_‡K wfbœ| GB Pig mZ¨Uv Avgv‡`i
1. wkwei cÖwZwôZ nIqvi KviY fzj‡j Pj‡e bv| Ab¨vb¨ Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©c×wZi gva¨‡g
2. Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZ AvcvZZt mvd‡j¨i cÖeYZv †hb Avgv‡`i gMR‡K Av”Qbœ
3. Kg©c×wZi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ki‡Z bv cv‡i| Avgv‡`i AšÍ‡i G K_v †Mu‡_ wb‡Z n‡e †h,
4. Avgv‡`i I evwZ‡ji Kg©c×wZ Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©c×wZi wfwË I Ab¨vb¨ Av‡›`vj‡bi
5. Kg©c×wZi ˆewkó¨ wfwË KLbI GK n‡Z cv‡i bv| ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g wKQz
6. wnKgvZ ev ÁvbMf©| †KŠkjMZ w`K nq‡Zv Avgiv MÖnY Ki‡Z cvwi, wKš‘ memgq
mRvM _vK‡Z n‡e †hb GB MÖn‡Yi mgqI Bmjvgx
cÖwZwôZ nIqvi KviY :
Av‡›`vj‡bi †gŠwjK wfwË I bxwZ‡ev‡ai Dci †Kvbiƒc AvNvZ
Avjøvni GB Rwg‡b mKj cÖKvi hyjyg I wbh©vZ‡bi g~‡jv‡”Q`
bv Av‡m|
K‡i Avj †KviAvb I Avj nv`x‡mi Av‡jv‡K åvZ…Z¡ I b¨v‡qi
†mŠ‡ai Dci GK Av`k© Bmjvgx mgvR M‡o †Zvjvi gnvb Kg©c×wZ eySvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbÑ
j¶¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡LB cÖwZwôZ n‡q‡Q evsjv‡`k Bmjvgx 1. evievi Aa¨qb
QvÎwkwei| PgK jvMv‡bv mvgwqK †Kvb j¶¨ nvwmj Gi 2. wPšÍv, M‡elYv I Aa¨emvq
D‡Ïk¨ bq| 3. mwµq KvR
4. Av‡jvPbv-ch©v‡jvPbv
Kg©c×wZi ‰ewkó¨ :
5. cyivZb I `vwqZ¡kxj Kgx©‡`i AwfÁZv|
1. ivmyj (mt)-Gi Abym„Z c×wZ
2. weÁvb m¤§Z, hyw³ wfwËK evwZj gZv`‡k©i mv‡_ cv_©K¨ t (1) `k©bMZ (2) c×wZMZ
3. Bmjvgx †i‡bmuvi BwZnvmjä AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K iwPZ ivmyj (mt) Gi Abym„Z c×wZ, Drm|
4. mg‡qvc‡hvMx I ev¯Íeagx© GKwU Av‡›`vjb mdj nIqvi Rb¨ 3 wU wRwbm cÖ‡qvRb:
5. cwi‡ek I cwiw¯’wZi Av‡jv‡K cwieZ©bkxj 1. Kg©kw³
6. Kg©c×wZi †KŠkjMZ w`K cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZi Av‡jv‡K 2. Rbkw³
cwieZ©bkxj| 3. Rbmg_©b|
Kg©c×wZi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv: cuvP `dv Kg©m~Px I Zvi ev¯Íevqb
Kg©c×wZ ev Kg©‡KŠkj (Strategy) Qvov †Kvb Av‡›`vjb Av`k© Kg©xi ¸Yvejx: 7 wU
mdjKvg n‡Z cv‡i bv| GKUv Av‡›`vjb ev msMV‡bi 1. gReyZ Cgvb
mdjZvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb Gi Kg©kw³, Rbkw³ I Rbmg_©‡bi 2. †Lv`vfxwZ
mymvgÄm¨c~Y© e¨envi| Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖwZwU Kg©xi 3. Av`‡k©i my®úó Ávb
†hvM¨Zv, Kg©`¶Zv, wPšÍvkw³, Av‡›`vj‡bi wcQ‡bi Rbmg_©b- 4. AvšÍwiKZv
mewKQz Avjøvn cÖ`Ë AvgvbZ| Avi Gme Dcv`vb‡K djcÖqm~ 5. wbôv
Ges Kvh©Ki Lv‡Z Kv‡R jvMv‡bvI GK weivU AvgvbZ| 6. Kg©®ú„nv I PvwiwÎK gvayh©
evwZ‡ji ce©ZcÖgvY Hk¦h© Ges Kzms¯‹v‡ii DËvj Zi‡½i 7. Kgm~Px I Kg©c×wZi h_v_© Abyaveb|
mvg‡b gywó‡gq g‡`© gywg‡bi weRq Avjøvn iveŸyj Avjvgx‡bi cuvP `dv Kg©m~Px:
LvQ ing‡ZB m¤¢e- GK_v mZ¨| wKš‘ mwVK Kg©c×wZ 1. `vIqvZ
Aej¤^b bv K‡i Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi KvR Ki‡j Zv †h 2. msMVb
Avgvb‡Zi my¯có wLqvbZ G‡ZI †Kvb m‡›`n †bB| ZvB 3. cÖwk¶Y
4. Bmjvgx wk¶v Av‡›`vjb I QvÎ mgm¨v
[25]
 5. Bmjvgx mgvR wewbg©vY| Abykvmb¸‡jvi(Bev`Z) cÖwZ c‡iv¶, †Kvb †Kvb mgq
cÖ_g `dv Kg©m~Px : Ò`vIqvZÓ cÖZ¨¶fv‡e mRvM Ki‡Z n‡e|
ÒZiyY QvÎ mgv‡Ri Kv‡Q Bmjv‡gi Avnevb †cŠwQ‡q Zv‡`i Z…ZxqZ: Zvu‡K Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi I mvsMVwbK Rxe‡bi
gv‡S Bmjvgx ÁvbvR©b Ges ev¯Íe Rxe‡b Bmjv‡gi c~Y© cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Dcjwä Kiv‡Z n‡e| ivm~jyjvø n mvt Gi Rxeb,
Abykxj‡bi `vwqZ¡vbyf~wZ RvMÖZ Kiv|Ó mvnvev‡q †Kivg‡`i Rxe‡bi NUbvewj, hy‡M hy‡M Bmjvwg
cÖ_g `dvi w`K: wZbwU Av‡›`vj‡bi m„wóKvix gnr e¨w³‡`i Rxebxi gva¨‡g Zv‡K
1. Bmjv‡gi e¨vcK cÖPvi Av‡›`vjb I msMV‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv eySv‡Z n‡e| G ch©šÍ
2. Qv·`i gv‡S Bmjvgx Ávb AR©‡bi `vwqZ¡vbyf~wZ RvMÖZ K…ZKvh© n‡j cieZ©x ch©v‡q Gici Zv‡K cÖZ¨¶fv‡e msMV‡b
Kiv AskMÖnY Kivi AvnŸvb Rvbv‡Z n‡e| `vIqvwZ Kv‡Ri GUvB
3. Bmjvgx Abykvmb ‡g‡b Pjvi R‡b¨ Qv·`i g‡a¨ ¯^vfvweK cš’v|
`vwqZ¡vbyf~wZ RvMÖZ Kiv| †hvMv‡hvMKvixi ‰ewkó¨: 13wU
cÖ_g `dvi KiYxq KvR: 8 wU 1. Kg K_v ejv
1. e¨w³MZ mv¶vrKvi I m¤úªxwZ ¯’vcb 2. AZ¨vwaK ‰a‡h©¨i cwiPq †`qv
2. mvßvwnK I gvwmK mvaviY mfv 3. †ekx K_vi cwie‡Z© PvwiwÎK gvayh© w`‡q cÖfve m„wó Kiv|
3. wm‡¤úvwRqvg I †mwgbvi 4. Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© mwVK I ¯úó aviYv ivLv|
4. Pv-Pµ I eb‡fvRb 5. †Kvb cÖKvi cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z bv cvi‡j e¨w³Z¡ A¶zbœ
5. bevMZ msea©bv †i‡L mgq †bqv|
6. weZK© mfv, iPbv Ges e³…Zv cÖwZ‡hvwMZv I mvaviY 6. †MvRvwg‡ji Avkªq bv †bqv
Áv‡bi Avmi 7. Qv‡Îi gb gvbwmKZvi w`‡K j¶¨ ivLv
7. †cvóvwis †`Iqvj wjLb, cwiwPwZ I wewfbœ mg‡q cÖKvwkZ 8. AwfÁ wPwKrm‡Ki f~wgKv cvjb Kiv
mvgwqKx weZiY 9. `ye©jZvi mgv‡jvPbv bv K‡i mr ¸bvejx weKv‡k
8. K¨v‡mU, wmwW, wfwmwW cÖf…wZ weZiY| mn‡hvwMZv Kiv|
10. e¨envi AgvwqK nIqv|
e¨w³MZ mv¶vrKvi I m¤cÖxwZ ¯’vcb
11. my‡L-`yt‡L Askx`vi nIqv
Uv‡M©UK…Z Qv‡Îi ¸Yvejxt 5wU
12. gb‡K A‡nZzK aviYv †_‡K gy³ ivLv|
1. †gavex QvÎ
13. GK m‡½ ågb, bv¯Ív Kiv, LvIqv, wbR evmvq wb‡q Avmv,
2. eyw×gvb I Kg©V
Zvi evmvq hvIqv, Dcnvi †`Iqv|
3. PwiÎevb
µgv¤^‡q Kg©x ch©v‡q wb‡q Avmvi Dcvqt- 5wU
4. †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸bvejx m¤úbœ
1. msMV‡bi wewfbœ Abyôv‡bi cÖwZ cÖZ¨¶ ev c‡iv¶fv‡e
5. mgv‡R ev wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b cÖfvekvjx|
AvMÖnx Kiv|
e¨w³MZ mv¶vrKvi I m¤cÖxwZ ¯’vc‡bi cš’vt 5 wU
2. mvaviYmfv, Pv-Pµ I eb‡fvR‡b kvwgj Kiv
1. cwiKíbv
3. Qv·`i Ávb, eyw×, AvšÍwiKZv, gvbwmKZv I Cgv‡bi
2. m¤cÖxwZ ¯’vcb
`„pZv cÖf…wZi cÖwZ jÿ¨ K‡i cwiKwíZ fv‡e eB
3. µgaviv Aej¤^b
cov‡bv|
4. †hvMv‡hvMKvixi ‰ewkó¨
4. wewfbœ Bev`‡Zi cÖwZ `„wó AvKl©Y Kiv|
5. µgv¤^‡q Kg©x ch©v‡q wb‡q Avmv|
5. mgq mgq gb gvbwmKZv ey‡S †QvU LvU KvR †`Iqv|
µgaviv Aej¤^b:
cÖ_g †`Lv‡ZB g~j `vIqvZ †ck bv K‡i µgvš^‡q G KvR mvßvwnK mvaviY mfv:
mym¤cbœ Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ_‡g eÜyZ¡ m„wói gva¨‡g Ggb GK mßv‡n cÖwZwU Kg©x hZRb Qv‡Îi mv‡_ e¨w³MZ mv¶vrKv‡ii
ch©v‡q Avb‡Z n‡e hv‡Z cvi¯cwiK Av¯’v I wek¦vm ¯’vwcZ gva¨‡g msMV‡bi `vIqvZ †cŠuQvq Zv‡`i‡K G mfvq `vIqvZ
nq| G‡K A‡b¨i Kj¨vYKvgx nq| w`‡Z nq| G mfv¸‡jv n‡”Q cÖPviag©x| mvßvwnK mvavib
cÖ_gZ: Uv‡M©UK…Z Qv‡Îi gb-gM‡R cÖwZwôZ Bmjvg I mfvq Kg©m~wP wb¤œiƒc nIqv DwPrt
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb m¤c‡K© hveZxq fzj aviYvi AmviZv 1. A_©mn KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ
eyw×gËvi mv‡_ Zz‡j ai‡Z n‡e| 2. welqwfwËK msw¶ß Av‡jvPbv
wØZxqZ: Av‡LivZ Z_v ciKvj m¤c‡K© my¯có aviYv w`‡Z 3. mfvcwZi fvlY/ e³e¨|
n‡e Ges hveZxq mgm¨vi mgvav‡b Bmjv‡gi mygnvb Av`‡k©i
Kvh©KvixZv Zz‡j ai‡Z n‡e| Bmjvg msµvšÍ hveZxq fzj
aviYv `~i K‡i Gi cÖwZ AvKl©Y m„wó Ki‡Z n‡e| Bmjv‡gi gvwmK mvaviY mfv:
[26]
msMV‡bi cÖv³b †Kvb Kg©x, AwfÁ †h †Kvb Kg©x ev e¨w³, †h mKj QvÎ Bmjvgx Rxeb weavb cÖwZôvi msMÖv‡g AskMÖnY
GKwU wbw`©ó wel‡qi Dci G‡Z Av‡jvPbv †ck Ki‡eb| Gi Ki‡Z cÖ¯ÍZ Zv‡`i‡K G msMV‡bi Awa‡b msNe× Kiv|
Kvh©m~wP n‡e wb¤œiæct msweavb Abyhvqx ¯ÍiÑ2wU
1. e¨vL¨v mn KziAv‡bi †ZjvIqvZ 1. m`m¨
2. wbw`©ó wel‡qi Dci e³…Zv 2. mv_x
3. msMV‡bi cwiPq †ck Z‡e mv_x nIqvi c~‡e© GKRb Qv·K `yBwU ch©vq AwZµg
4. mfvcwZi e³e¨ K‡i Avm‡Z nq Zv n‡jv mg_©K Ges Kg©x|
5. cwiwPwZ weZiY Kg©xi ˆewkó¨: 4 wU
G mfvq †ekxmsL¨K bZzb QvÎ Dcw¯’Z Kivi †Póv Kiv 1. mwµqfv‡e `vIqvZx KvR Kiv
cÖ‡Z¨K Kg©xi `vwqZ¡| 2. wbqwgZ e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© ivLv
wm‡¤úvwRqvg I ‡mwgbv‡ii cv_©K¨: 3. wbqwgZ evqZzj gv‡j GqvbZ †`qv|
4. Kg©xmfvq wbqwgZ †hvM`vb|
wm‡¤úvwRqvg ‡mwgbvi
GKRb Kg©xi KvR: 8wU
Da©Zb msMV‡bi AbygwZ ‡K›`ªxq msMV‡bi AbygwZ
1. wbqwgZ †KviAvb nv`xm ey‡S covi †Póv Kiv|
`iKvi `iKvi
2. wbqwgZ Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ Aa¨qb Kiv|
GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wel‡q GKRb GKwU wel‡qi wewfbœ w`‡Ki
3. Bmjv‡gi cÖv_wgK `vex mg~n †g‡b Pjvi †Póv Kiv|
e³v G‡Z e³…Zv Ki‡eb| Dci K‡qKRb e³v G‡Z
4. wbqwgZ evqZzj gv‡j GqvbZ †`qv|
e³…Zv Ki‡eb|
5. wbqwgZ e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© ivLv|
Pv-Pµ: 6. †cÖvMvgvw`‡Z Dcw¯’Z nIqv|
`vIqvZx Kv‡Ri Rb¨ GUv GKUv AvKl©Yxq †cÖvMÖvg| Abyôv‡bi 7. Ac‡ii Kv‡Q msMV‡bi `vIqvZ †cuŠQv‡bv|
ˆewPÎ I Avb›`Nb cwi‡e‡k QvÎmgv‡Ri Kv‡Q Av›`j‡bi 8. msMV‡b KZ…K Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ h_vh_ cvjb Kiv|
`vIqvZ †cŠu‡Q †`qv m¤¢e nq| Uv‡M©UK…Z Qv·`i‡K G‡Z wØZxq `dvi Kibxq KvRt 10wU
Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv nq| ¯§iY ivL‡Z n‡e bZzb Qv·`i AvK…ó 1. Kg©x ‰eVK 6. evqZzjgvj
Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨B Pv-P‡µi Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| msMV‡bi 2. mv_x ‰eVK 7. mvsMVwbK mdi
EaŸ©Zb `vwqZ¡kxj e¨w³i AvMgb Dcj‡¶I Pv-P‡µi 3. m`m¨ ‰eVK 8. cwiPvjK wbe©vPb
Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨vb¨ QvÎ msMV‡bi †bZ…e„›` 4.`vwqZ¡kxj ‰eVK 9. cwiKíbv
Ges QvÎ msm` Kg©KZ©v‡`i‡KI Giƒc P‡µ `vIqvZ †`qv 5. Kg©x †hvMv‡hvM 10. wi‡cvwU©s
†h‡Z cv‡i| †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †hb cwi‡ek ¸iæ-M¤¢xi n‡q Kg©x ‰eV‡Ki Kg©m~Pxt
bv c‡o A_ev gvÎvwi³ nvjKv bv nq| 1. A_©mn †KviAvb †ZjvIqvZ
Pv-P‡µi Kvh©m~Px : 2. e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© †ck, gšÍe¨ I civgk©
Pv-P‡µi Kvh©m~Px wb¤œiƒc nIqv evÃbxqt 3. cwiKíbv MÖnb
- †ZjvIqv‡Z KziAvb 4. Kg©e›Ub
- cvi¯cwiK cwiPq 5. mfvcwZi e³e¨ I †gvbvRvZ
- KweZv Ave„wË, nvg`, bvZ, wk¶Yxq †Kvb NUbvi D‡jøL mv_x ˆeV‡Ki Kg©m~Px:
- cÖ‡kœvËi mv_x ˆeV‡Ki m‡e©v”P mgq 3 NÈv|
- mfvcwZi e³e¨ - `vi‡m KziAvb/`vi‡m nv`xm
- Avc¨vqb - e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© †ck, ch©v‡jvPbv, gšÍe¨ I civgk©
- mgvwß †NvlYv| - kvLvi gvwmK wi‡cvU© †ck, I ch©v‡jvPbv
cÖ_g `dvi AwZwi³ KvR: 5wU - kvLvi cwiKíbv MÖnb
1. MÖæc `vIqvZx KvR| - wewea Av‡jvPbv
2. `vIqvZx MÖæc †cÖib| - Gn‡Zmve, mgvcbx/gybvRvZ
3. `vIqvZx cÿ I mßvn cvjb| m`m¨ ˆeV‡Ki Kg©m~Px:
4. ‡gvnviigv‡`i gv‡S KvR| - `vi‡m KziAvb/`vi‡m nvw`m|
5. gmwR` wfwËK `vIqvZx KvR| - weMZ gv‡mi wi‡cvU© †ck, ch©v‡jvPbv, gšÍe¨ I civgk©|
- we‡kl mgm¨v _vK‡j Av‡jvPbv|
- gvwmK cwiKíbv cÖYqb|
wØZxq `dv Kg©m~Px: ÔmsMVbÕ - e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© †ck I ch©v‡jvPbv|

[27]
 - Gn‡Zmve| evÃbxq| Aat¯Íb msMVb¸‡jv wbqwgZfv‡e DaŸ©Zb msMV‡b
- mfvcwZi e³e¨| wi‡cvU© †cÖib Ki‡e|

Kg©x †hvM‡hv‡Mi D‡Ïk¨:

1. wbw¯Œq Kg©x‡K mwµq Kiv, Z…Zxq `dv Kg©m~Px: ÔcÖwk¶YÕ
2. mµxq‡K Av‡iv mwµq Kiv, ÒGB msMV‡bi Aax‡b msNe× Qv·`i‡K Bmjvgx Ávb cÖ`vb Ges
3. fyj eySveywS `~i Kiv, Av`k© PwiÎevbi~‡c M‡o Zz‡j Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi mg¯Í P¨v‡j‡Äi
4. G‡K Ab¨‡K Rvbv, †gvKv‡ejvq Bmjv‡gi †kªôZ¡ cÖgvY Kivi †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ Kg©x
5. Kgx©‡`i ga¨Kvi m¤cK© Mfxi Kiv| wn‡m‡e Movi Kvh©Kix e¨e¯’v KivÓ|
Kg©x †hvM‡hv‡Mi c×wZt 7wU G `dvi KvR t 13 wUt
1. cwiKíbv 1. cvVvMvi cÖwZôv
2. ¯’vb I mgq wbe©vPb 2. Bmjvwg mvwnZ¨ cvV I weZiY
3. HKvwšÍKZv 3. cvVPµ, Av‡jvPbvPµ, mvgwóK Aa¨qb
4. e¨w³MZ I cvwievwiK mgm¨ Av‡jvPbv Kiv| 4. wk¶vwkwei, wk¶v ‰eVK
5. mvsMVwbK Av‡jvPbv 5. ¯úxKvim& †dvivg
6. mvwe©K Av‡›`vj‡bi Av‡jvPbv| 6. †jLK wkwei
7. mvjvg I †`vqv wewbgq| 7. k‡e`vix ev ‰bk Bev`Z
cwiPvjK wbe©vPb: 8. mvgwóK †fvR
m`m¨ kvLv I mv_x kvLvq cÖwZ †mk‡bi ïiæ‡Z bZzb K‡i 9. e¨w³MZ wi‡cvU© msi¶Y
mfvcwZ wbe©vPb Ki‡Z nq| wbe©vP‡bi mgq msweav‡bi 34 bs 10. †`vqv I bdj Bev`Z
avivq ewY©Z cwiPvj‡Ki ¸bvejxi cÖwZ bRi ivL‡Z n‡e| 11. Gn‡Zmve ev MVbg~jK mgv‡jvPbv
mfvcwZ wbe©vwPZ nevi ci Kv‡Ri myweavi Rb¨ Kg©x‡`i 12. AvZ¥ mgv‡jvPbv
civgk©µ‡g wewfbœ `vwqZ¡wkj e¨w³ wbhy³ Ki‡eb| †hgbt 13. †KviAvb Zvwjg|
- mvavib m¤cv`K cvVPµ t
- evqZzj gvj m¤cv`K cvVPµ gv‡b K‡qKRb wg‡j †Kvb eB welq Av‡jvPbv K‡i
- Awdm m¤cv`K Mfxifv‡e eySevi †Póv Kiv Ges ci¯c‡ii wPšÍvi wewbgq
- cvVvMvi m¤cv`K Kiv|
- cÖPvi m¤cv`K cvVP‡µi wbqg:
- cÖKvkbv m¤cv`K (1) P‡µi m`m¨ msL¨v c~e©wba©vwiZ _vK‡e|
kvLvi Aax‡b DckvLvi cwiPvjK Kg©x‡`i civgk©µ‡g (2) cÖwZwU Pµ Kgc‡¶ 3 gvm Pvjy ivL‡Z n‡e|
mfvcwZ KZ©K „ wbhy³ n‡eb| (3) P‡µi gv‡m AšÍZt GKwU Awa‡ekb n‡e|
mvsMVwbK mdi: (4) Awa‡ekb †`o NÈv †_‡K `yB N›Uv ¯’vqx n‡Z cv‡i|
msMV‡bi KvR‡K fvjfv‡e eywS‡q †`qvi R‡b¨ †Kvb cvVP‡µi kZ© 9wU t
mvsMVwbK mgm¨v ev RwUjZv `~i Kivi cÖ‡qvR‡b Ges ¯’vbxq 1. m`m¨ wbw`©óKiY
†Kvb †cÖvMÖv‡g AskMÖnY Kivi R‡b¨ DaŸ©Zb msMVb †_‡K 2. cwiPvjK wba©viY
Aat¯Íb kvLv¸‡jv‡Z mdi Kiv nq| md‡ii e¨qfvi mdiK…Z 3. welqe¯Í wba©viY
kvLv¸‡jv‡KB enb Ki‡Z nq| 4. j¶¨ wba©viY
cwiKíbv cÖYq‡b j¶bxq welqt 6wU 5. Aa¨qb
1. Rbkw³ ( †kªYx web¨vmmn) 6. †bvU
2. Kg©x‡`i gvb 7. mgqvbyewZ©Zv
3. Kv‡Ri cwiwa I cwimsL¨vbg~jK Z_¨ 8. g‡bv‡hvM
4. A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v 9. mwµq mn‡hvwMZv|
5. cvwicvwk©¦K Ae¯’v
6. we‡ivax kw³i ZrciZv|
wi‡cvwUs:
cwiKíbv Aby‡gv`b nIqvi ci Kv‡Ri myôz ch©v‡jvPbvi R‡b¨ cvVPµ I Av‡jvPbv P‡µi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨:
wbqwgZ cÖYqb Acwinvh©| wi‡cv‡U©i Dci mvgwóK ch©v‡jvPbv cvVPµ Av‡jvPbv Pµ

[28]
m`m¨ msL¨v c~e©wba©vwiZ Kg©©x ev mv_x mevB AskMÖnY 6. e¨envwiK KvR wb‡q wPšÍv|
Ki‡Z cvi‡e 7. Avjøvni Kv‡Q mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv |
Pµ Kgc‡ÿ 3 gvm Pvjy _vK‡e GKeviB †cÖvMÖvg n‡e Gn&‡ZQv‡ei wbqgt
‡K›`ªxq msMV‡bi AbygwZ `iKvi ¯’vbxq `vwqZ¡kx‡ji AbygwZ
`iKvi
1. †Kvb fvB‡qi ÎæwU wePz¨wZ †`L‡j Zvi GB `yej© Zv †_‡K
m`m¨iv welqe¯‘ Ici †bvU ivL‡eb m`m¨iv gZwewbgq Ki‡eb Zv‡K †ndvR‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ mswkó fvB‡qi mv‡_
wbw`©ó jÿ¨ wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e| mywbw`©ó †Kvb jÿ¨ _vK‡e bv e¨w³MZfv‡e †`Lv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zvi `yej © Zv¸‡jv
Rvwb‡q w`‡Z n‡e|
ke‡e`vix ev ‰bk Gev`Zt 2. Kv‡iv †`vl †`Lv‡bv eo KwVb KvR| GRb¨ mgq, †gRvR
Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ †Lv`vfxwZi m„wó Ges Zvi DrKl© mva‡bi Rb¨ I g‡bvfve BZ¨vw` we‡ePbv K‡i Zvi GKRb ïfvKv•Lx
Avgv‡`i msMV‡b ke‡e`vixi e¨e¯’v i‡q‡Q| G‡Z wbe©vwPZ wn‡m‡e Zvi †`vl-ÎæwU Zv‡K Rvbv‡Z n‡e|
Kg©xiv †hvM`vb K‡ib| †hvM`vbKvixi msL¨v Lye Kg A_ev Lye 3. e¨w³MZ †hvMv‡hv‡M ms‡kvab bv n‡j Kg©x, mv_x ev m`m¨
†ekx nIqv wVK bq| ke‡e`vix †Kvb gmwR‡` mviv ivZ ev ‰eV‡K Gn‡ZQv‡ei mgq Zz‡j ai‡Z n‡e|
iv‡Zi †kl wZb-Pvi N›Uvi Rb¨ n‡e| G‡Z GK NÈve¨vcx 4. Gn‡ZQve n‡e MVbg~jK| KvD‡K †nq cÖwZcbœ Kiv A_ev
`vi‡m KziAvb A_ev `vi‡m nv`xm,GKwU Av‡jvPbv, Kv‡iv †`vl-ÎæwU Zvjvk Kivi Rb¨ bq|
Zvnv¾z‡`i bvgvh, †`vqv BZ¨vw`i e¨e¯’v _v‡K|G †cÖvMÖvg 4_© `dvt Bmjvgx wk¶v Av‡›`vjb I QvÎ mgm¨v
mvaviYZt Gkvi bvgv‡hi ci †_‡K ïiæ nq| gvSLv‡b GKUz ÒAv`k© bvMwiK ‰Zixi D‡Ï‡k¨ Bmjvgx gyj¨‡ev‡ai wfwˇZ wk¶v
Nywg‡q Avevi †kl iv‡Z DV‡Z nq| ke‡e`vix‡Z Av‡jvPbvi e¨e¯’vi cwieZ©b mva‡bi `vex‡Z msMÖvg I QvÎ mgv‡Ri cÖK…Z
wewfbœ welq-‡Lv`vfxwZ, Avjøvni AvRve bvwR‡ji wewa, ZIev, mgm¨v mgvav‡bi msMÖv‡g †bZ…Z¡ cÖ`vbÓ|
†`vqv, Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡`i AwMœcix¶v cÖf…wZ G `dvi w`K 2wU, h_vÑ
m¤cwK©Z n‡Z nq| ke‡e`vix‡Z mvsMVwbK ev Ab¨ †Kvb 1. Bmjvgx wk¶v e¨e¯’v cÖwZôvi msMÖvg
†cÖvMÖvg _vKv wVK bq|G‡Z ke‡e`vixi cwi‡ek cwi‡ek bó 2. QvÎmgv‡Ri cÖK…Z mgm¨v mgvav‡bi msMÖv‡g †bZ…Z¡ cÖ`vb|
nq| Bmjvwg wk¶v e¨e¯’v cÖwZôvq KiYxq:
ke‡e`vixi Kg©m~Px : cÖ_gZt Avgv‡`i Kgx©‡`i †R‡b wb‡Z n‡e-
ke‡e`vix‡Z wb‡b¥v³ Kg©m~Px _vK‡Z cv‡it 1. Bmjvgx wk¶v e¨e¯’v ej‡Z wK eySvq?
- D‡Øvab 2. Bmjvgx wk¶v e¨e¯’vi ‰ewkó¨ wK wK?
- `vi‡m KziAvb/nv`xm 3. Bmjvgx wk¶v e¨e¯’v wKfv‡e cÖeZ©b Kiv hvq?
- wekªvg 4. eZ©gvb wk¶v e¨e¯’vi ÎæwU wK wK?
- e¨w³MZ bdj Bev`Z 5. Gi my`~i cÖmvix dj wK?
- †kl iv‡Z GKwU Av‡jvPbv 6. eZ©gvb wk¶v e¨e¯’vi †gŠwjK Mj` †Kv_vq?
- mgvcbx/gybvRvZ wØZxqZt Bmjvgx wk¶v e¨e¯’v m¤ú‡K© RbgZ msMÖn Ki‡Z
w¯úKvim †dvivg: n‡e|
e³v ˆZixi D‡Ï‡k¨B MwVZ nq ¯cxKvim †dvivg| K‡qKRb Z…ZxqZt Z…Zxq ch©v‡q AbyK‚j cwi‡ek I cvwicvwk¦K © Zvq
wg‡j GKwU †dvivg ˆZix Ki‡Z nq| †dviv‡gi Awa‡ekb `ygv‡m ev cÖwZgv‡m wk¶v e¨e¯’v m¤c‡K© †cv÷vwis, cwÎKvq
mvßvwnK, cvw¶K ev gvwmK n‡Z cv‡i| cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a GKB wee„wZ, cwÎKvq wPwVcÎ Kjv‡g †jLv, Bmjvgx wk¶v e¨e¯’vi
mßv‡n `y-wZb Awa‡ekbI n‡Z cv‡i| `vex‡Z w`em I mßvn cvjb cÖf…wZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
ZIevi wbqgt PZz_©Zt Avgv‡`i wewkó Bmjvgx wPšÍvwe`‡`i wbKU Av‡e`b
1. HKvwšÍK fv‡e wb‡Ri f~‡ji ¯^xK…wZ †`qv Ki‡Z n‡e BmjvgxKi‡bi cwiKíbv †ck Kivi Rb¨|
2. fy‡ji Rb¨ Avjøvni K‡Q ¶gv PvIqv| cÂgZt Avgv‡`i Kg©x‡`i wjwLZ cÖeÜ, Mí, KweZv mnKv‡i
3. wØZxqevi fyj bv Kivi Rb¨ Iqv`v Kiv| wk¶ve¨e¯’vi Dci we‡kl msKjb †ei Kivi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e|
4. bvgvR †ivRv ev Avw_©K Kzievbxi wewbg‡q fy‡ji Kvd&dviv QvÎ mgm¨v `yÕai‡Yi-
Av`vq Kiv| 1. e¨w³MZ 2. mgwóMZ
AvZ¥mgv‡jvPbvi c×wZt e¨w³MZ mgm¨t-
1. mgq wbe©vPb 1. Qv·`i jwRs bv _vKv
2. Avjøvn‡K nvwRi bvwRi †R‡b Rvqbvgv‡R emv| 2. †eZb `v‡b I cix¶vi wd w`‡Z A¶gZv
3. mvivw`‡bi Kg©e¨¯ÍZv ¯§iY Kiv| 3. eB †Kbvi Amvg_©¨
4. diR I IqvwRe Av`v‡q AvšÍwiKZvi wPšÍv| mgwóMZ mgm¨t-
5. mvsMVwbK KvR wb‡q wPšÍv| 1. fwZ© I Avmb mgm¨
[29]
2. wk¶‡Ki Afve 3. wbe©vP‡b AskMÖnY Kivi wm×všÍ †bqvi c~‡e© †K›`ªxq
3. cvVvMv‡ii Afve mfvcwZi AbygwZ wb‡Z n‡e|
4. gmwR` bv _vKv 4. mfvcwZ ev `vwqZ¡kxj Kgx©MY ‡K›`ªxq mfvcwZi AbygwZ
5. K¨vw›U‡bi mgm¨v Qvov wbe©vP‡b cÖwZØw›ØZv Ki‡Z cvi‡eb bv|
6. wbh©vZb g~jK mgm¨v g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e g~j Kv‡Ri ¶wZ mvab K‡i wbe©vP‡b Ah_v
7. cvV¨eB Gi g~j¨ I †eZb e„w×| Rwo‡q covi cwiYwZ gvivZœK|
mgwóMZ mgm¨v mgvav‡b KiYxqt- cÂg `dv Kg©m~Px: Bmjvgx mgvR wewbg©vY
cÖ_gZ: mgm¨vi KviY wbb©q ÒA_‰bwZK †kvlb, ivR‰bwZK wbcxob Ges mvs¯‹…wZK †Mvjvgx
wØZxqZ: cÖwZev` mfv, wb›`v cÖ¯Íve MÖnY, †cvóvwis, cÖwÎKvq n‡Z gvbeZvi gyw³i Rb¨ Bmjvgx mgvR wewbg©v‡b me©vZ¥K cÖ‡Póv
wee„wZ cÖ`vb BZ¨vw`| Pvjv‡bv|
Z…ZxqZv: cÖZxwK ag©NU cvjb I myk„•Lj Av‡›`vjb| G `dvi KvR 2wU| h_v-
PZz_© `dv Kg©m~Pxi KvR/ QvÎ mgv‡Ri cÖK…Z mgm¨v mgvav‡bi 1. †hvM¨ †bZ…Z¡ I Kg©xevwnbx MVb:
Rb¨ KiYxq KvR: 2wU K. K¨vwiqvi ‰Zix
1. e¨w³MZ: K. jwRs †hvMvo K‡i †`qv| L. †bZ…Z¡ ‰Zix
L. ÷vB‡cÛ Pvjy Kiv M. Kg©x ‰Zix
M. †jwÛs jvB‡eªix cÖwZôv Kiv| N. Ávb AR©b|
N. d«x †KvwPs K¬vm Pvjy Kiv 2. ev¯Íe c`‡¶c MÖnb
O. webv g~‡j¨ cÖkœcÎ wewj| K. mn‡hvwMZv
2. mgwóMZ: K. fwZ© I Avmb mgm¨vi mgvavb L. cwi‡ek m„wó I Pvc|
L. wk¶‡Ki Afve `~i Kiv K¨vwiqvi ˆZix:
M. cvVvMv‡ii e¨e¯’v Kiv Avgv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨K‡K K¨vwiqvi m„wói e¨vcv‡i mwe‡kl ¸iæZ¡
N. gmwR‡`i e¨e¯’v Kiv w`‡Z n‡e| †Kvb Ae¯’v‡ZB K¨vwiqvi‡K ¶wZMÖ¯’ Kiv hv‡e
O. K¨vw›U‡bi mgm¨v `~iv bv| Avm‡j Avgv‡`i msMV‡b †h mg¯Í KvR i‡q‡Q, Zv m¤úbœ
P. cvV¨eB Gi g~j¨ I †eZb e„w×i cÖwZev` Kiv| Ki‡Z wM‡q K¨vwiqvi ¶wZMÖ¯’ Kivi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| ïay
†jwÛs jvB‡eªix: cÖ‡qvRb ev¯Íe Abyf~wZ Z¨vM wZwZ¶v I AK¬všÍ cwikªg|
Mixe Qv·`i‡K webvg~‡j¨ cvV¨eB miveivn Kivi Rb¨ †jwÛs G‡¶‡Î †Kvb e¨wZµg n‡j Zv we‡kl cwiw¯’wZ‡ZB nq| e¯‘Z
jvB‡eªix cÖwZôv Kiv nq| Avgv‡`i Kg©x‡`i g‡a¨ hviv wewfbœ K¨vwiqvi‡K A¶zYœ †i‡L †h msMV‡bi Kvh©vw` myôyfv‡e m¤úbœ
dvBbvj cix¶vq cvk K‡ib, Zviv Zv‡`i cvV¨ eB wkwe‡ii Ki‡Z m¶g †mB fvj Kg©x| Gai‡bi Kg©xB Avgv‡`i Kvg¨|
†jwÛs jvB‡eªix‡Z `vb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| ïfvKv•Lx‡`i `vbI mn‡hvwMZv:
Avgiv mvb‡›` MÖnY Ki‡Z cvwi| G‡Z A‡bK Qv‡Îi wk¶v Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi †h †Kvb e„nËi cÖ‡Póv‡K mnvqZv Kiv
jv‡fi c_ myMg nq| Avgv‡`i ˆbwZK `vwqZ¡ e‡j g‡b Kwi| Z‡e Zv Avgiv K‡i
_vwK msMV‡bi wm×v‡šÍi wfwˇZ|
QvÎ msm` wbev©P‡b Avgv‡`i bxwZt cwi‡ek m„wó I Pvc:
1. Avgiv wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b wb‡R‡`i g~j Kv‡Ri cwigvY hvPvB PvwiwÎK gvayh© w`‡q RvZxq Rxe‡b GKwU cweÎ cwi‡ek m„wói
K‡i wbe©vP‡b AskMÖnY Kivi wm×všÍ MÖnY Kwi| A_©vr ZrciZv Pvjv‡Z n‡e| G ZrciZv hLb D‡jøL‡hvM¨ cwigvY
Kgx© msL¨v, mg_©K msL¨v, evqZzjgv‡ji Avq, eB Qv·`i‡K mswkøó Ki‡Z cvi‡e ZLb mgvR I RvZxq Rxe‡b
weZi‡Yi gvwmK cwigvY I cvVK msL¨v BZ¨vw` we‡ePbv Zv GKwU kw³iƒ‡c AvZ¥cÖKvk Ki‡e| Avi GB PvwiwÎK kw³
K‡i Avgv‡`i‡K wbe©vP‡b cÖwZØw›ØZv Kivi wm×všÍ wb‡Z w`‡q Avgiv KZ©…c‡¶i Dci Pvc m„wó Ki‡Z e×cwiKi
n‡e|
2. ïay wbe©vP‡b AskMÖnYB Avgv‡`i KvR bq| wbe©vP‡bi
Av‡MI Avgv‡`i‡K †gŠwjK ev eywbqv`x KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|

[30]
 msweavb-02
msweav‡bi msÁv t †Kvb iv‡óªi ev msMV‡bi MVb cwiPvjbv, †jv‡qb óvBb msweavb‡K 3 fv‡M fvM K‡i‡Qb|
msi¶Y wewa †h cy¯Í‡K †jLv _v‡K Zv‡K msweavb e‡j| h_vÑ
• hvi wfwˇZ ivóª, miKvi, msMVb ev cÖwZôvb wbqwš¿Z I 1. †gŠwjK I †gŠwjKZvwenxb msweavb (Original &
cwiPvwjZ nq Zv‡KB msweavb e‡j| Derivative Constitution)
• msweavb ej‡Z †mB mKj wjwLZ I AwjwLZ wbqgvejx‡K 2. bxwZmsNe× I wbi‡c¶ msweavb (Ideologically
eySvqÑ hv †Kvb iv‡óªi I miKv‡ii MVb, Bnvi ¶gZv Programatic & Neutral Constitution)
e¨env‡ii I eȇbi bxwZ wba©viY K‡i Ges iv‡óªi wewfbœ 3. wbqgwbó, bvggvÎ I kãv‡_©i w`K †_‡K ¯^xK…Z msweavb
wefv‡Mi g‡a¨ cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© wba©viY K‡i| (Narrative, Nominal and semantic consitution)
• AvB‡bi mgwó‡K msweavb e‡j| msweavb cÖYqb c×wZ :
msweavb wK? 1. Aby‡gv`bm~‡Î
1. msMV‡bi †gŠwjK `wjj 2. MYcwil` ev B”QvK…Z iPbvi gva¨‡g
2. msMV‡bi Rxeb c×wZ 3. avivevwnK weeZ©‡bi gva¨‡g
3. AvB‡bi mgwó 4. wecex cwil‡`i gva¨‡g|
4. †gŠwjK bxwZgvjv msweav‡bi ¸iyZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv :
msweavb k‡ãi A_© : 1. mKj wPšÍv‡K GKB avivq †K›`ªxf~Z Kivi Rb¨|
1. msMVb + weavb 2. †gŠwjK `wjj 3. †gŠwjK bxwZgvjv 4. 2. wPšÍvaviv‡K GKB avivq cÖevwnZ Kivi Rb¨|
miKv‡ii wfwË 3. msMVb, cÖwZôvb ev iv‡óªi †ndvRZ I MwZkxjZvi Rb¨|
cwifvlv : 4. HwZn¨ msi¶‡Yi Rb¨|
evsjvqÑ MVbZš¿, kvmbZš¿ In English- Constitution 5. †bZ…Z¡ I Kg©x evwnbx‡K myk„•Lj cwiPvjbv
D`y©‡ZÑ ivnbygv, Aviex‡ZÑ `¯Íi, dvwm©‡ZÑ jvngy`vb 6. `vwqZ¡kxj‡`i `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi mgš^q mva‡bi Rb¨|
7. g~j¨‡eva msi¶‡Yi Rb¨|
msweav‡bi Dcv`vb :
1. †bZ…Z¡ HwZn¨ :
2. Kg©xevwnbx 1. BwZnv‡mi avivevwnKZvq msNwUZ †h NUbv Kv‡ji
3. Kg©m~Px cwiµgvq AbymiYxq I AbyKiYxq n‡q hvq ZvnvB
4. Av`k© HwZn¨|
5. j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ 2. mg‡qi weeZ©‡b †hme welq wk¶Yxq wn‡m‡e cwiYZ
n‡q‡Q †mUvB HwZn¨|
msweav‡bi cÖKvi‡f` :
g~jZ `yB cÖKvi : msweav‡bi ‰ewkó¨ :
1. ivóªxq msweavb, 1. ¯^í kãgvjvq Mfxi Zvrch© I e¨vcK|
2. `jxq msweavb| 2. msweav‡bi k㸇jv AZ¨šÍ ¸iyZ¡c~Y©|
3. AZ¨waK RwUj ev AZ¨waK mnR‡eva¨ bq|
msweav‡bi †kªYxweb¨vm :
4. msweav‡bi wKQy AwjwLZ w`K _vKv|
1. wjwLZ I AwjwLZ
5. cwieZ©bkxj nIqv|
2. mycwieZ©bxq I `y®úwieZ©bxq
6. †gŠwjK welqmg~n msw¶ß nIqv|
3. hy³ivóªxq
7. mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i †NvlYv _vKv|
4. GK‡K›`ªxK
8. RbM‡Yi AwaKvimg~n wjwLZ _vKv|
5. †cÖwm‡WwÝqvj
6. msm`xq Av`k© I DËg msweav‡bi ‰ewkó¨ :
7. cÖRvZvwš¿K 1. mnR‡eva¨, wjwLZ I my¯úó|
8. ivRZvwš¿K 2. msw¶ß I RwUjZvgy³|
3. ga¨gcš’x, mycwieZ©bxq bq Avevi `y®úwieZ©bxqI bq|
gvK©mxq `„wófw½‡Z †KvWvKm msweavb‡K `yÕfv‡M fvM
4. e³e¨ mnR‡eva¨ I my¯úó|
K‡i‡QbÑ 5. bvMwiK‡`i ev Kg©x‡`i †gŠwjK `vq`vwqZ¡ I AwaKvi
A. Bourgeois Constitution (ey‡R©vqv msweavb) eY©bvi myweb¨¯ÍZv|
B. Working Class Constitution (kªwgK †kªYxi msweavb)
[31]
 6. msweavb ms‡kva‡bi aviv _vKv| • wmwÏK Rvgvj fvB KZ…©K bvg cÖ`vb Kiv nq evsjv‡`k Bmjvwg
7. mvgvwRK HwZn¨ I RvZxq AvKv•Lvi cÖwZ Qwe| QvÎwkwei| 1977 mv‡ji 6B †deª qvwi cÖ_g KvR ïi nq Ges
8. `vwqZ¡kxj‡`i my®úó eY©bv| MVbZ‡š¿i bvg nq msweavb|
9. hy‡Mvc‡hvMx| • 1977 mv‡j †K›`ªxq mfvcwZÑ gxi Kv‡kg Avjx, Kvgiy¾vgvb,
Avgv‡`i msweav‡bi ‰ewkó¨ : gvI Avey Zv‡ni|
1. KziAvb I mybœvn wfwËK| • 1979 mv‡j ivRkvnx †gwW‡K‡ji m`m¨ Wvt †gvi‡k` Avjx
2. fvlv my¯úó, g‡bvgy»Ki, mnR I cÖvÄj| fvB wb‡Ri iwPZ Òwkwei msMxZÓ cwi‡ekb K‡ib hv
3. c~Y©v½ I cwic~Y© msweavb| cieZx©‡Z Òwkwei msMxZÓ wn‡m‡e M„nxZ nq|
4. RwUjZvgy³| XvKv wek^we`¨vj‡qi †K›`ªxq Rv‡g gmwR` cÖv½‡b 6Rb fvB‡qi
5. h‡_ó msw¶ß| †bZ…‡Z¡ cÖwZwôZ nq evsjv‡`k Bmjvgx QvÎwkwei| m`m¨ 6Rb
6. ga¨gcš’x, bgbxqZv I AbgbxqZvi mgš^q| njt
7. K¨vWviwfwËK Rbkw³| 1| gxi Kv‡kg Avjx wg›Uz (mfvcwZ)
8. Bmjvgx g~j¨‡ev‡ai msi¶Y| 2| W. Avãyj evix (†m‡µUvix)
9. `vwqZ¡ I ¶gZvi fvimvg¨| 3| †gvnv¤§` Kvgviæ¾vgvb
10. kãwfwËK msweavb evK¨wfwËK bq| 4| Gm G †gvnv¤§` Avjx
11. DËg wbe©vPb c×wZ| 5| m`©vi Avãym mvjvg
Avgv‡`i msweav‡bi BwZnvm : 6| †gvnv¤§` evkviZ †nv‡mb
Avgv‡`i msweavbwU Bmjv‡gi BwZnvm I HwZ‡n¨i Av‡jv‡K 1997 mv‡ji Ryb gv‡m cÖ_g Bs‡iwR‡Z cÖKvwkZ nq|
iwPZ| 1998 mv‡ji RyjvB gv‡m Bs‡iwR I evsjv mgwb¦Z ms¯‹ib
• 1941 mv‡ji 25 †k AvM÷ jv‡nv‡i 75 R‡bi 1wU Ux‡g nq|
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx cÖwZwôZ nq Ges gvIjvbv gI`y`x (i.) g~j eB Pvi fv‡M wef³ :
Avgxi wbhy³ nb| 1. c~e© K_v
• 1946 mv‡j Zviv 1wU QvÎ msMV‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Abyfe 2. f~wgKv
K‡ib Ges 1947 mv‡ji 23†k wW‡m¤^i 25 Rb Qv‡Îi 1wU 3. Aa¨vqmg~n
wgwUs nq Ges bmiæjøvn Lvb AvwRR Gi cÖavb nb| Students 4. cwiwkó
Forum, AvÄygv‡b bI‡Rvqvb, Rwgq‡Z Zvjvev 3wU bvg cÖ¯Íve c~e©K_v t
nq| 1. msweavb GKwU †gŠwjK `jxj|
• 1948 mv‡ji 23 wW‡m¤^i Bmjvgx Rwgq‡Z Zvjvev cÖwZôv 2. msMV‡bi Rb¨ msweavb Ab¯^xKvh©|
nq| mfvcwZ- bmiæjøvn Lvb AvwRR| 3. QvÎwkwe‡ii msweavb GK cweÎ AvgvbZ|
• 1948 mv‡j msweav‡bi Lmov ‰Zwi K‡ib- Lyiig Rvn gyiv`| 4. Zvi cÖwZwU w`K ‡KviAvb, mybœvn-Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi
• 1948 mv‡j 3 m`m¨ wewkó ïiv 1wU eyK‡jU ‰Zwi K‡i hv HwZ‡n¨i Av‡jv‡K cÖYxZ|
w`‡q 1951 ch©šÍ msMVb P‡j| 5. wkwe‡ii mKj ZrciZv msweav‡bi wfwˇZ cwiPvwjZ|
• 1951 mv‡ji Lyiig Rvn gyiv` msweavb cÖYq‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ 6. cwi‡ek cwiw¯’wZi Av‡jv‡K msweav‡b ms‡kvabx Avbv nq|
m`m¨‡`i Wv‡Kb Ges mevi wbKU cÖkœ cvVvb Ges GKwU 7. msweavb Abyhvqx KvR Kivi Rb¨ Avjøvni wbKU ZvIdxK
Lmov msweavb ˆZix K‡ib Ges bvg iv‡Lb Ôiv‡n `¯‘iÕ| Kvgbv|
• 1956 mv‡j ÔQvÎ msNÕ bv‡g QvÎ msMV‡bi bvg iv‡Lb Ges f~wgKv:
msweav‡bi evsjvq Abyev` K‡ib gvIjvbv Ave`yi inxg| cÖZ¨q ev wek¦vm/‡h‡nZz-
• 1973 mv‡j bZzb K‡i 19†k gvP© msweavb iPbv Kiv nq| G ZvInx` t Avmgvb hgxbmn mKj wKQzi m„wó KZ©v GKgvÎ †mB
mgq 5 m`‡m¨i KwgwU wQjÑ Avjøvn&ÕZvjv whwb mKj ÿgZvi Drm|
1. Avjx Avnmvb gynv¤§` gyRvwn`| Av‡LivZ t g„Zy¨i ci gvbyl‡K AvwLiv‡Zi AbšÍ Rxe‡b cÖ‡ek
2. gxi Kv‡kg Avjx| Ki‡Z n‡e|
3. G.†K.Gg. bwRi Avngv`| wimvjvZ t Avjøvn hy‡M hy‡M gvbe RvwZi c_ cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨
4. Av.b.g AvãyR Rv‡ni| AmsL¨ bexivg~j cvwV‡q‡Qb|
5. †gvt Kvgiy¾vgvb| Bmjvgx Rxebe¨e¯’v t Bmjv‡gi weavb ¸‡jv‡K c~Y© fv‡e MÖnb
K‡i †bqvi g‡a¨B wbwnZ i‡q‡Q gvbeZvi gyw³ I Kj¨vb|
• 1976 mv‡j 1wU ‰eVK WvKv nq Ges Bmjvgx QvÎwkwei bvg
ivLv nq|
[32]
wm×všÍ/‡m‡nZy- 4. Kvh©Kix cwil‡`i kc_ t
`vIqvZ t Avjøvni AvbyMZ¨ Ges ivm~j (mvt) Gi AbymiYB
Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi GKgvÎ D‡Ïk¨ n‡e | bvg t
AvbyMZ¨ t Avgv‡`i Rxeb‡K Bmjv‡gi Av‡jv‡K D™¢vwmZ K‡i aviv-1 t GB msMV‡bi bvg Ôevsjv‡`k Bmjvgx QvÎwkweiÕ|
Zzj‡Z n‡e|
j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ t
Bmjvgx wecøe t wek^e¨cx Bmjvgx wecø‡ei c`‡ÿc wnmv‡e aviv-2 t GB msMV‡bi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q Avjøvn cÖ`Ë ivmyj
me©cÖ_g evsjv‡`‡k Bmjvgx Av`k© ev¯Íevq‡bi †Póv Kie| (mt) cÖ`wk©Z weavb Abyhvqx gvby‡li mvwe©K Rxe‡bi c~bwe©b¨vm
msweav‡bi Askt wZbwU mvab K‡i Avjvni mš‘wó AR©b|
1. f~wgKv
2. Aa¨vqmg~n (wZbwU Aa¨vq)
Kg©m~Px t
3. cwiwkó aviv-3 t GB msMV‡bi Kg©m~Px-
GKt ZiyY QvÎmgv‡Ri Kv‡Q Bmjv‡gi Avnevb †cŠwQ‡q Zv‡`i
fywgKv Av‡jvwPZ welq t `yBwU
1. CgvwbqvZ gv‡S Bmjvgx Ávb AR©b Ges ev¯Íe Rxe‡b Bmjv‡gi c~Y©
2. AvgvwbqvZ Abykxj‡bi `vwqZ¡vbyfzwZ RvMÖZ Kiv|
CgvwbqvZt PviwU `yBt †h mKj QvÎ Bmjvgx Rxeb weavb cÖwZôvi msMÖv‡g AskMÖnY
1. Avjøvn gnvkw³i Avavi Ki‡Z cÖ¯‘Z Zv‡`i‡K msMV‡bi Awa‡b msNe× Kiv|
2. AvwLiv‡Zi KvVMov wZbt GB msMV‡bi Aax‡b msNe× Qv·`i‡K Bmjvgx Ávb cÖ`vb
3. bex I ivmyj‡`i MvBW jvBb Ges Av`k© PwiÎevbiƒ‡c M‡o Zz‡j Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi mg¯Í P¨v‡j‡Äi
4. Bmjvgx weavb c~Y©fv‡e MÖnbB Zvi gyw³| †gvKv‡ejvq Bmjv‡gi †kªôZ¡ cÖgvb Kivi †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ Kg©x
AvgvwbqvZt wZbwU wn‡m‡e Movi Kvh©Kix e¨e¯’zyv Kiv|
1. Avjøvni AvbyMZ¨ I ivmy‡ji (mt) Abymib Pvit Av`k© bvMwiK ‰Zixi D‡Ï‡k¨ Bmjvgx g~j¨‡ev‡ai wfwˇZ
wk¶v e¨e¯’vi cwieZ©b mva‡bi `vex‡Z msMÖvg I QvÎmgv‡Ri cÖK…Z
2. †nivi Av‡jvi w`‡K Avnevb
3. wek¦ wece mva‡b mg¯Í kw³ I mvg_© cÖ`vb Kiv| mgm¨v mgvav‡bi msMÖv‡g †bZ…Z¡ cÖ`vb|
cÖ_g Aa¨vqt wZbwU welq-(wZbwU aviv) cuvPt A_©‰bwZK †kvlY, ivR‰bwZK wbcxob, Ges mvs¯‹w…ZK
1. bvg †Mvjvgx n‡Z gvbeZvi gyw³i Rb¨ Bmjvgx mgvR wewbg©v‡b me©vZ&K
2. j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv|
3. Kg©m~Px m`m¨ t
wØZxq Aa¨vqt `yBwU welq-(AvUwU aviv) aviv-4 t GKRb wk¶v_©x hw` msMV‡bi msMV‡bi j¶¨ I
1. m`m¨ 5wU aviv D‡Ïk¨‡K Zvi Rxe‡bi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡ib, G
2. mv_x 3 wU aviv msMV‡bi Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZi mv‡_ c~Y© HK¨gZ †cvlY K‡ib I
Z…Zxq Aa¨vqt eviwU welq- (EbPwjøkwU aviv) Zv ev¯Í evq‡bi cÖ‡Póvq mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY K‡ib, G msMV‡bi
1. †K›`ªxq msMVb 1wU aviv msweavb‡K m¤ú~Y©iy‡c †g‡b P‡jb, Zvi Rxe‡b Bmjvg wba©vwiZ
2. †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ 6wU aviv diR I IqvwRe mg~n h_vh_fv‡e cvjb K‡ib, Kexiv †Mvbvn mg~n
3. Kvh©Kix cwil` 7wU aviv †_‡K `y‡i _v‡Kb Ges msMV‡bi j¶¨ I Kg©m~Pxi wecixZ †Kvb
4. †m‡µUvix‡qU 3wU aviv ms¯‹vi mv‡_ m¤úK© bv iv‡Lb, Zvn‡j wZwb GB msMV‡bi m`m¨c`
5. Ab¨vb¨ ¯Í‡i 1wU aviv jvf Ki‡Z cv‡ib|
6. m`m¨ kvLv 2wU aviv aviv-6 t †Kvb m`m¨ hw` msweav‡bi 4 bs avivq ewY©Z welqmg~n
7. mv_x kvLv 1wU aviv AvswkK ev c~Y©fv‡e j•Nb K‡ib A_ev m`m¨ nIqvKvjxb cÖ`Ë
8. wbe©vPb 3wU aviv cÖwZkÖæwZ f½ K‡ib A_ev msMV‡bi cÖwZ AeÁv cÖ`k©b K‡ib
9. A_© e¨e¯’v 5wU aviv A_ev Zv‡K ms‡kva‡bi cÖ‡Póv m‡Ë¡I `xN©w`b ch©šÍ msMV‡bi Kv‡R
10. c`P¨ywZ 6wU aviv Ae‡njv K‡i P‡jb, Zvn‡j Kvh©Kix cwil` KZ…K © M„nxZ wba©vwiZ
11. msweav‡bi ms‡kvab 2wU aviv cš’vq Zvi m`m¨c` evwZj Kiv n‡e|
12. wewea 2wU aviv mv_x t
cwiwkót aviv-9 t hw` †Kvb wk¶v_©x msMV‡bi j¶¨ I D‡Ï‡k¨i mv‡_
1. mv_xi kc_ HK¨gZ †cvlY K‡ib, G msMV‡bi Kg©m~Px I Kg©c×wZi mv‡_
2. m`‡m¨i kc_ m‡PZbfv‡e GKgZ nb, Bmjv‡gi cÖv_wgK `vwqZ¡mg~n cvjb K‡ib
3. mfvcwZi kc_ Ges msMV‡bi mvgwMÖK ZrciZvq c~Y©fv‡e mnvqZv Ki‡Z
cÖwZkÖæwZ †`b, Zvn‡j wZwb G msMV‡bi mv_x n‡Z cv‡ib|
[33]
 aviv-11 t hw` †Kvb mv_x msweav‡bi 9 bs avivq ewY©Z welqmg~n m`m¨ kvLv t
AvswkK ev c~Y©fv‡e j•Nb K‡ib, Zvn‡j †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ ev Zvi aviv-30 t `yÕ‡qi AwaK m`m¨ wb‡q Ôm`m¨ kvLvÕ MwVZ n‡e|
¯’vbxq cÖwZwbwa D³ mv_xi mv_xc` evwZj Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| m`m¨‡`i cÖZ¨¶ †fv‡U m`m¨ kvLvi mfvcwZ GK eQ‡ii Rb¨
†K›`ªxq msMVb t wbe©vwPZ n‡eb| Awbevh© Kvi‡Y †K›`ªxq mfvcwZi wb‡`©‡k m`m¨MY
aviv-12 t †K›`ªxq msMVb †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ, Kvh©Kix cwil` Ges eQ‡ii †h †Kvb mg‡q m`m¨ kvLvi mfvcwZ wbe©vwPZ Ki‡Z
GKwU †m‡µUvix‡qU mgš^‡q MwVZ n‡e| cvi‡eb|
†K›`ªxq mfvcwZ t aviv-31 t †K›`ªxq cwiKíbvi wfwˇZ msMV‡bi Kg©m~Px ev¯Íevqb
aviv-16 t †K›`ªxq mfvcwZi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ n‡”Q, GB msMV‡bi I †K›`ªxq mfvcwZi wb‡`©kvejx cvjbB m`m¨ kvLvi `vwqZ¡ I
gyj D‡Ïk¨ nvwmj, cwiPvjbv, Kg©m~Pxi ev¯Íevqb I m‡e©vrK…ó KZ©e¨|
mvsMVwbK k„•Ljv cÖwZôv I msi¶Y| wbe©vPb t
Kvh©Kix cwil` t aviv-34 t GB msMV‡bi mfvcwZ ev Kvh©Kix cwil‡`i m`m¨ ev
aviv-19 t m`m¨‡`i cÖZ¨¶ †fv‡U cÖwZ GKkZ cuqZvwjøk R‡b Ab¨ †Kvb `vwqZ¡kxj e¨w³ wbe©vPb Kiv Kv‡j e¨w³i Avjvn I
GKRb nv‡i Ges Aewkó msL¨vi Rb¨ GKRb wbe©vwPZ ivmyj (mt) Gi cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨, ZvK¡Iqv, Av`‡k©i mwVK Áv‡bi
cÖwZwbwa‡`i wb‡q Kvh©Kix cwil` GK eQ‡ii Rb¨ MwVZ n‡e Ges cwimi, mvsMVwbK cÖÁv, k„•Ljv weav‡bi †hvM¨Zv, gvbwmK
mfvcwZ cÖ‡qvRb †eva Ki‡j wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa‡`i GK fvimvg¨, D™¢vebx I we‡klYx kw³, K‡g©i `„pZv, Abp g‡bvej,
Z…Zxqvs‡ki †ewk n‡e bv, Ggb msL¨K m`m¨‡K Ges Kvh©Kix AvgvbZ`vix Ges c‡`i cÖwZ †jvfnxbZvi w`‡K Aek¨B bRi
cwil‡`i cÖv³b m`m¨‡`i ga¨ n‡Z AbyaŸ© `yÕRb‡K Kvh©Kix ivL‡Z n‡e|
cwil‡`i civgk©µ‡g cwil‡`i AšÍf©y³ Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| †K›`ªxq aviv-35 t GB msMV‡bi †h †Kvb wbe©vP‡b cÖZ¨¶ ev c‡iv¶
mfvcwZ Kvh©Kix cwil‡`i mfvcwZ _vK‡eb Ges †m‡µUvix K¨vbfv‡mi AbygwZ _vK‡e bv| Kv‡iv c‡¶ ev wec‡¶ †Kvb MÖyc
†Rbv‡ij c`vwaKvi e‡j Kvh©Kix cwil‡`i m`m¨ n‡eb| m„wó Kiv hv‡e bv| Z‡e civgk© †bqvUv K¨vbfv‡mi AšÍf©y³ n‡e
aviv-22 t mvgwMÖKfv‡e Kvh©Kix cwil‡`i I e¨w³MZfv‡e Gi bv| wbe©vP‡b m‡e©v”P †fvU cÖvß e¨w³B wbe©vwPZ e‡j †NvwlZ n‡eb|
m`m¨‡`i `vwqZ¡ n‡”Q wb‡R‡`i ZË¡veavb, †K›`ªxq mfvcwZi A_© e¨e¯’v t
ZË¡veavb, msMV‡b Bmjvgx bxwZi Abym„wZi ZË¡veavb, msMV‡bi aviv-36 t msMV‡bi cÖ‡Z¨K ¯Í‡i evqZzjgvj _vK‡e| Kg©x I
Kg©m~Px ev¯Íevq‡bi ZË¡veavb I ch©‡e¶Y, msweavb Abym„wZi ïfvKv Lx‡`i `vb, msMVb-cÖKvkbxi gybvdv Ges hvKvZB n‡e
ZË¡veavb, msMV‡bi †h †Kvb †gŠwjK ÎæwU `~ixKiY, msMV‡bi evqZzjgv‡ji Av‡qi Drm|
mvgwMÖK Kv‡Ri †gŠwjK cwiKíbv cÖYqb, †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ‡K c`Pz¨Zx t
civgk© `vb, wbtms‡Kv‡P gZ cÖKvk Ges Kvh©Kix cwil‡`i aviv-41 t †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ hw` †¯^”Qvq kixq‡Zi weavb j•Nb
Awa‡ek‡b wbqwgZ †hvM`vb A_ev AwfgZ †cÖiY| K‡ib A_ev Zvi Kvh©µ‡g msMV‡bi ¶wZi Avk¼v †`Lv †`q
Zvn‡j Zv‡K c`P¨yZ Kiv hv‡e|
†m‡µUvix‡qU t msweav‡bi ms‡kvab t
aviv-26 t †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ Kvh©Kix cwil‡`i mv‡_ civgk© K‡i aviv-47 t G msweav‡bi †Kvb ms‡kvabx mivmwi m`m¨‡`i
†m‡µUvix †Rbv‡ij I cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K wefvMxq †m‡µUvixi m‡¤§j‡b mg¯Í m`m¨‡`i AwaKvs‡ki †fv‡U gÄyi Kiv hv‡e| wKšÍy
mgš^‡q †m‡µUvix‡qU MVb Ki‡eb| †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ Kvh©Kix D³ ms‡kvabxi †bvwUk m`m¨ m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nevi `yB mßvn
cwil‡`i mv‡_ civgk© K‡i cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a c~Y© ev AvswkKfv‡e Zvi Av‡M †K›`ªxq mfvcwZi wbKU †cŠQv‡Z n‡e| GB msweav‡bi †Kvb
†m‡µUvix‡q‡U i`e`j Ki‡Z cvi‡eb| ms‡kvabx Kvh©Kix cwil‡`i AwaKvs‡ki †fv‡UI gÄyi Kiv hv‡e|
aviv-27 t †m‡µUvix †Rbv‡i‡ji †m‡µUvix‡q‡Ui wefvM¸‡jvi wKš‘ Giƒc †Kvb ms‡kvabx M„nxZ nevi `yB gv‡mi g‡a¨B mg¯Í
KvR myôzfv‡e cwiPvjbv Kivi `vwqZ¡ _vK‡e| Aat¯Íb msMVb¸‡jvi m`m¨‡`i AwaKvs‡ki †fv‡U Zv gÄyi K‡i wb‡Z n‡e
I Kg©x‡`i Dci `„wó ivLv Ges †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ‡K mg¯Í wel‡q
IqvwKdnvj ivLv Zvi `vwq‡Z¡i AšÍf©y³ n‡e|
aviv-28 t †K›`ªxq mfvcwZi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ cvj‡b m‡e©vZfv‡e
mn‡hvwMZv KivB †m‡µUvwi‡q‡Ui `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ Ges
†m‡µUvwi‡qU Kv‡Ri Rb¨ mfvcwZi wbKU `vqx _vK‡e|

[34]
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb I mvd‡j¨i kZ©vejx-03
f~wgKvt Av‡jvwPZ welq wZbwUt 4. Øxb n‡”Q Rxe‡bv‡Ïk¨
1. Bmjvgx mgvR cÖZ¨vkx‡`i ÁvZe¨ welq Bmjv‡gi h_v_© Ávb : Bmjvgx AvwK`v wek¦vm‡K Rv‡njx wPšÍv
2. gq`v‡bi Kvh©µg /KiYxq w`K Kíbv I Bmjvgx Kg©c×wZ‡K Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi bxwZ c×wZ †_‡K
3. cieZ©x Av‡jvPbv Avjv`v K‡i Rvb‡Z n‡e Ges Rxe‡bi wewfbœ wefv‡M Bmjvg
Bmjvgx mgvR cÖZ¨vkx‡`i ÁvZe¨t welq Gi `ywU w`Kt gvbyl‡K wK c_ †`wL‡q‡Q Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e|
1. wbivkvi Kv‡jv‡gN Bmjv‡gi cÖwZ AwePj wek¦vmt Bmjv‡gi wbQK msw¶ß Ávb h‡_ó
2. Avkvi Av‡jvK”QUv bq eis Kg‡ekx we¯ÍvwiZ Ávb _vK‡Z n‡e| gydwZ ev gyRZvwn`
n‡Z n‡e Ggb †Kvb K_v †bB| Z‡e Bmjvg‡K Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi
wbivkvi Kv‡jv‡gNt wPšÍv-KíYv I bxwZ-c×wZ †_‡K Avjv`v K‡i Rvbvi Ávb _vK‡Z
1. Bmjvgx mgvR cÖwZôvi AvKv•Lvi Afve †bB,Avmj Afve n‡e| Kg©x‡`i‡K eySv‡bvi gZ Ávb _vK‡Z n‡e| eyw×Rxwe I
AvMÖn I D‡`¨vM MÖn‡bi,Zvi PvB‡Z †ekx Afve †hvM¨Zvi wkw¶Z †jvK‡`i `vIqvZ †`Iqvi gZ Ávb _vK‡Z n‡e|
2. RvwZi cÖfvekvjx Ask AwaKvsk †ÿ‡Î mgv‡R weK…wZ I PwiÎ I Kg©: KvR K_v Abyhvqx n‡e †h w`‡K wek^evmx‡K AvneŸvb
fv½b m„wó‡Z gyLi| RvbvB Zvi Ici Av‡M wb‡R‡K AvbyMZ¨ Ki‡Z n‡e | weK…Z cwi‡e‡k
3. mgvR fv½‡bi Rb¨ e„nËg kw³ miKvi| mKj cÖKvi fq -fxwZ D‡cÿv K‡i GKgvÎ Avjøvni f‡q m‡Z¨i c‡_
Avkvi Av‡jvK QUv t AwePj _vK‡Z n‡e †Lv`vi mšw‘ói Rb¨ mKj KvR Ki‡Z n‡e |
1. Avgv‡`i mgv‡R wKQz mr †jvKI Av‡Q | Øxb n‡”Q Rxe‡bv‡Ïk¨t Avjvni evYx eyj›` Kiv Ges Øx‡bi cÖwZôv
2. RvwZ mvgMÖxK fv‡e Amr cÖeY bq| Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi GKwU AvKv•Lvi ch©vqfy³ n‡e bv eis GwU‡K
3. hviv mgvR weK…wZi Kv‡R wjß Zv‡`i `ywU kw³ †bB t Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ cwiYZ Ki‡Z n‡e| `ywbqvi mKj KvR
1. PvwiwÎK kw³ Aek¨ Kiv n‡e wKš‘ Avgv‡`i Rxeb GB D‡Ï‡k¨ AvewZ©Z n‡e|
2. H‡K¨i kw³ GR‡b¨ Avgiv wb‡R‡`i mgq, mvg_©¨, ab-gvj I †`n-cÖv‡Yi mKj
4. Øxb cÖwZôvi ØvwqZ¡ Avjøvni | kw³ Ges gb-gw¯Í‡®‹I cwic~Y© †hvM¨Zv e¨q Ki‡Z cÖ¯Z Í _vKe|
gq`v‡bi Kvh©µg/ KiYxq w`Kt GgbwK cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Avgv‡`i Rxeb w`‡ZI wcQcv n‡evbv|
1. D‡ËRbvi ekeZx n‡q †Kvb wm×všÍ bv Kiv | `jxq ¸bvejxt PviwU
2. my¯’ gw¯Í‡®‹ †f‡e wP‡šÍ wm×všÍ MÖnb Ki‡Z n‡e| 1. åvZ…Z¡ I fv‡jvevmv
3. Av‡eM eR©xZ wm×všÍ MÖnb| 2. cvi¯úvwiK civgk©
4. Kg©m~Px I cwiKíbv Avmj bq eis G¸‡jv ev¯Íevq‡b 3. msMVb I k„•Ljv
wb‡qvwRZ e¨w³ e‡M©i e¨w³MZ I mvgwóK PvwiwÎK 4. ms¯‹v‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ mgv‡jvPbv|
¸bvejxB Avmj| åvZ…Z¡ I fv‡jvevmv:
cieZ©x Av‡jvPbvt 1. Z¨v‡Mi gvbwmKZv
1. e¨w³MZ †Mvbvejx 2. cÖvmv‡`i BU wm‡g›U evjyi b¨vq n‡Z n‡e
2. mvgwóMZ ¸Y 3. ci¯c‡ii cÖwZ Kj¨vY Kvgbv
3. Bmjvg cÖPvi, `vIqvZ I cÖwZôvq mvd‡j¨i ¸Y 4. AvšÍwiKZv I fvjevmv
4. †gŠwjK †`vl-ÎæwU 5. N„YvKvix w`j KL‡bv wg‡jwg‡k _vK‡Z cv‡i bv|
5. Awf‡cÖZ I Abwf‡cÖZ †MvYvejx †_‡K hy³ I gy³ ivLvi 6. gybvwdKx ai‡bi wgjvwgkv KL‡bv mwZ¨Kvi HK¨ m„wó
Dcvq| Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
mvdj¨ jv‡fi Dcvqt Av‡jvwPZ welqt 5 wU msMVb I k„sLjv: GKwU `j Zvi me iK‡gi ¸bvejx m‡Ë¡I
†Kej gvÎ wb‡Ri wm×všÍ I cwiKíbv mg~n Kvh©Kix Ki‡Z
1. e¨w³MZ ¸bvejx
mÿg bv nqvi Kvi‡b e¨_© n‡q hvq| Avi GwU nq msMV‡b
2. `jxq ¸bvejx
k„•Ljv I mn‡hvMxZvi Afv‡e| `‡ji g‡a¨ †h e¨w³‡K †Kvb
3. c~Y©Zv`vbKvix ¸bvejx
chv©†q KZ…©Z¡kxj Kiv nq Zvi wb‡`©kbvejx †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e|
4. †gŠwjK I Amr ¸bvejx
`‡ji cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³‡K KZ©e¨wb&ô n‡Z n‡e | Ges Zvi Ici
5. gvbweK `ye©jZv
†h Kv‡Ri `vwqZ¡ †`qv n‡q‡Q h_v mg‡q wbôvi mv‡_ Zv
e¨w³MZ ¸Yvejx : 4wU m¤úv`b Kivi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| †h Kg©x‡`i Ici mw¤§wjZ
1. Bmjv‡gi h_v_© Ávb fv‡e KvR Kivi `vwqZ¡ Ac©b Kiv Zv‡`i ci®ú‡ii g‡a¨ c~b©
2. Bmjv‡gi cÖwZ AwePj wek¦vm mn‡hvMxZv _vK‡Z n‡e|
3. PwiÎ I Kg©
[35]
c~Y©Zv`vbvKix ¸bvejxt 5wU cÖÁvi A_© :
1. †Lv`vi mv‡_ m¤úK© I AvšÍixKZv 1. cÖÁvi Awfe¨w³ n‡”Q gvbweK gb¯ÍZ¡ Abyaveb K‡i †mB
2. Av‡Liv‡Zi wPšÍv Abyhvqx, gvby‡li mv‡_ e¨envi Kiv Ges gvby‡li g‡bi Dci
3. PvwiwÎK gvayh© wb‡Ri `vIqv‡Zi cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i Zv‡K j¶¨ AR©‡b
4. ‰ah©¨ wb‡qvwRZ Kivi c×wZ AeMZ Kiv|
5. cÖÁv 2. wb‡Ri KvR I Zv m¤úv`b Kivi c×wZ Rvbv Ges Zvi c‡_
PwiÎ I gvayh©t PwiÎ GKwU weRqx kw³| †Lv`vi c‡_ hviv AvMZ hveZxq evav wecwË, cÖwZeÜKZv-we‡ivwaZv †gvKv‡ejv
KvR Ki‡e Zv‡`i D`vi ü`q I wecyj wn¤§‡Zi AwaKvix n‡Z KivI cÖÁvi Awfe¨w³|
n‡e| gvbeZvi `i`x n‡Z n‡e| Zv‡`i n‡Z n‡e f`ª I 3. cwiw¯’wZi cÖwZ bRi ivLv, mgq my‡hvM Abyaveb Kiv Ges
†Kvgj ¯^fvem¤úbœ, AvZ¥wbf©ikxj I Kómwnòy, wgófvlx I †Kvb& mg‡q †Kvb& e¨e¯’v Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e, Gme RvbvI
m`vjvcx| Zv‡`i Øviv Kv‡iv †Kvb ¶wZ n‡e Ggb avibvI cÖÁvi cwiPq|
†Kn †cvlY Ki‡e bv eis Zv‡`i wbKU Kj¨vY I DcKvi 4. Øx‡bi e¨vcv‡i m~² ZË¡Ávb I `ywbqvi KvR-Kviev‡ii †¶‡Î
Kvgbv Ki‡e| Zviv cÖv‡c¨i PvB‡ZI K‡g mš‘ó _vK‡e| Zx² `~i`„wó ivLvB n‡PQ mePvB‡Z eo cÖÁvi cwiPq|
cÖv‡c¨i PvB‡Z †ekx w`‡Z cÖ¯‘Z _vK‡e| Zviv g‡›`i Reve †gŠwjK Amr ¸Yvejx :
fv‡jv w`‡q w`‡e| Zviv A‡b¨i †mev MÖn‡b bq eis Ab¨‡K 1. Me© I AnsKviÑ euvPvi Dcvq t e‡›`Mxi Abyf~wZ, AvZ¥wePvi,
†mev K‡i Avbw›`Z n‡e| Pwi‡Îi GB ¸Yvejx Z‡jvqv‡ii gnr e¨w³‡`i cÖwZ `„wó, `jMZ cÖ‡Póv|
PvB‡ZI aviv‡jv Ges nxiv, gwY-gy³vi PvB‡ZI g~j¨evb| 2. cÖ`k©‡b”Qv Zvi ‡_‡K euvPvi Dcvq : e¨w³MZ cÖ‡Póv I
`ywbqvi †Kvb kw³B Zv‡K civwRZ Ki‡Z cvi‡ebv| mvgwMÖK cÖ‡Póv|
‰ah©t ‰a‡h©¨i GKwU A_© n‡”Q Zvovû‡iv bv Kiv| wb‡Ri †Póvi 3. ÎæwUc~Y© wbqZ-
Z¡wir dj jv‡fi R‡b¨ Aw¯’i bv nIqv Ges wej¤^ †`‡L wn¤§Z ÎæwUc~Y© wbqZ : wbq‡Z Mj` _vK‡j mr Kv‡Ri wfwË ¯’vcb
nvwi‡q bv †djv| G‡Ki ci GK e¨_©Zvi m¤§ywLb n‡qI Kiv hvq bv| wbq‡Zi mv‡_ †Kvb e¨w³MZ ev `jxq ¯^v_© mswkó
cwikªg †_‡K weiZ bv nIqv|‰a‡h©¨i wØZxq A_© n‡”Q wZ³ _vKv DwPr bq| wbq‡Zi ÎæwUi cÖfve Aek¨B Kv‡Ri Dci
¯^fve, `ye©j gZ I msKínxbZvi †iv‡M AvµvšÍ bv c‡o Ges ÎæwUc~Y© KvR wb‡q Ggb †Kv‡bv cÖ‡Póvq mvdj¨ jvf
nIqv|‰a‡h©¨i Av‡iKwU A_© n‡”Q mKj cÖKvi fq-fxwZ I Kiv m¤¢e bq| hvi Avmj D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q g›`‡K LZg K‡i
†jvf-jvjmvi †gvKv‡ejvq mwVK c‡_ AwePj _vKv| kqZv‡bi fv‡jv‡K cÖwZwôZ Kiv|
Drmvn cÖ`vb I bd&‡mi Lv‡n‡ki wec‡¶ wb‡Ri KZ©e¨ gvbweK `ye©jZvt 13 wU
m¤úv`b Kiv| 1. AvZ¥c~Rv
‰a‡h©i A_© t 2. AvZ¥cÖxwZ
1. Zvovûov bv Kiv, wb‡Ri cÖ‡Póvi Z¡wiZ dj jv‡fi Rb¨ 3. wnsmv- we‡Øl
Aw¯’i bv nIqv Ges wej¤^ †`‡L wn¤§Z nvwi‡q bv emv| 4. KyaviYv
2. wZ³ ¯^fve, `ye©j gZ I msKínxbZvi †iv‡M AvµvšÍ bv 5. MxeZ
nIqv| 6. †PvMjLyix
3. evav wecwËi ex‡ivwPZ †gvKv‡ejv Kiv Ges kvšÍ wP‡Ë j¶¨ 7. KvbvKvwb I wdmwdmvbx
AR©‡bi c‡_ hveZxq `ytLKó ei`vkZ Kiv| 8. †gRv‡Ri fvimvg¨nxbZv
4. `ytL-†e`bv, fvivµvšÍ I †µvavwš^Z bv nIqv Ges mwnòz 9. mvgwóK fvimg¨nxbZv
nIqv I ‰a‡h©i GKwU A_©| 10. GK¸‡qgx
5. ‰a‡h©i GK A_© n‡”Q mKj cÖKvi fq-fxwZ I †jvf- 11. GK‡`k`k©xZv
jvjmvi †gvKv‡ejvq mwVK c‡_ AwePj _vKv, kqZv‡bi 12. msKxY©gbZv
Drmvn cÖ`vb I bd‡mi Lv‡n‡ki wec‡¶ wb‡Ri KZ©e¨ 13. `ye©j msKí|
m¤úv`b Kiv| AvZ¥cÖxwZt †_‡K euvPvi Dcvqt 2wU
cÖÁvt 1. ZvIev I G‡¯ÍMdvi
1. cwiw¯ÍwZ m¤ú‡K© IqvwKdnvj 2. m‡Z¨i cÖKvk
2. wePvi we‡ePbv I wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv
3. Rxeb mgm¨v eySv I mgvav‡bi †hvM¨Zv ivLv|

[36]
 PwiÎ MV‡bi †gŠwjK Dcv`vb-04
AvaywbK hy‡Mi me©‡kªô Bmjvgx wPšÍvbvqK, mgvR ms¯‹viK mcÖwm× 5. Kg©xi cÖwZ `vwqZ¡kx‡ji KiYxq-
Av‡j‡g Øxb gynZvivg bCg wmwÏKx ÒPwiÎ MV‡bi †gŠwjK K. †Kvgj ü`‡qi AwaKvix nIqv|
Dcv`vbÓ eBwU Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡`i Pwi·K my`„p Kivi L. Kg©x‡`i fyj ÎæwU ¶gv Kiv|
Rb¨ iPbv K‡i‡Qb|
M. civg‡k©i wfwˇZ KvR Kiv|
msÁv t gvby‡li e¨w³MZ I mgvRMZ Rxe‡bi evwn¨K Ges N. wmÜvšÍ n‡q †M‡j Avjøvni cÖwZ fimv Kiv|
Af¨šÍixb KvR-Kg©, K_v-evZ©v, wPšÍv-†PZbv, IVv-emv, AvPvi-
e¨envi, ixwZ-bxwZ, cÖwZwU †¶‡Î cyZt cweÎ fve‡K PwiÎ e‡j|
Av‡`k I AvbyM‡Z¨i fvimvg¨ : Av‡`k I AvbyM‡Z¨i fvimvg¨
PwiÎ mvaviYZ `yB ai‡bi n‡q _v‡Kt msMV‡bi †giy`Û| AvbyMZ¨ Qvov cÖK…Zc‡¶B g~j¨nxb| Avjøvn
1. Bmjvgx ev mr PwiÎ wb‡R †KviAv‡b †NvlYv K‡ib, ÒAvjøvni AvbyMZ¨ Ki,
2. A‰bmjvgx ev Amr PwiÎ ivmy‡ji AvbyMZ¨ Ki Ges AvbyMZ¨ Ki †Zvgv‡`i ga¨ †_‡K
eBwUi f~wgKvq ejv n‡q‡Qt KZ©…Z¡kxj‡`iÓ ivm~j (mv:) e‡jb, Ò‡h e¨w³ Avgvi AvbyMZ¨
1.gvby‡li ZrciZv h‡Zv e„w× cvq, †mLv‡b kqZv‡bi K‡i, †m Avjøvni AvbyMZ¨ K‡i Ges †h Avgvi bvdigvbx K‡i
ZrciZvI Z‡Zv e¨cKZi n‡Z _v‡K| †m Avjøvni bvdigvbx K‡i| Avi †h Avgvi (ivm~j wbhy³)
2.Avgv‡`i RvwZi ‰bwZKZvi Ici cvðv‡Z¨i e¯‘ev`x I Avgx‡ii AvbyMZ¨ K‡i †m Avgvi AvbyMZ¨ K‡i Ges †h Avgvi
mgvRZ‡š¿i bvw¯ÍK¨ev`x wPšÍvi nvgjv| Avgx‡ii bvdigvbx K‡i, †m Avgvi bvdvigvbx K‡i| Avjøvn I
3.gnvgvix AvµvšÍ GjvKv n‡Z `y‡i Ae¯’vb K‡i wb‡R‡`i ivm~‡ji (mv:) K_v †gvZv‡eK Avgv‡`i cÖ‡Z¨KiB msMV‡bi
¯^v_©bœwZi Kv‡R e¨vcK…Z _vKv Pig ¯^v_©ciZv| `vwqZ¡kx‡ji cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨kxj _vK‡Z n‡e|
4. kqZv‡bi P¨v‡jÄ| • KZ©…Z¡ I AvbyMZ¨ m¤ú‡K© Av‡iv wKQz K_vt
5. PwiÎ I Cgv‡bi e¨emv| K. wPwV-mvKz©jvi Gi AvbyMZ¨ Kiv|
6. gvRv‡i ¯^Y© wbwg©Z evwZ`vb A_P Kv‡QB e‡b R½‡j L. †Kvb †cÖvMvg ev Kv‡Ri Rb¨ wba©vwiZ c×wZ I mgq †g‡b Pjv|
Kv‡djv c_åó n‡q `my¨ n‡¯Í jwÉZ nq| M. AvbyM‡Z¨i ÎæwU ¸bv‡ni kvwgj-G Dcjw× _vKv|
Av‡jvP¨ welqt PwiÎ MV‡bi †gŠwjK Dcv`vb eBwU‡Z N. `vwqZ¡vbyf~wZ wb‡q `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv|
wZbwU welq Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| h_vt mn‡hvwM‡`i mv‡_ m¤úK©t Av‡jvwPZ welq 8wUt
1. Avjøvni ev †Lv`vi mv‡_ m¤úK© 1. wmÜvšÍ MÖn‡Yi c~‡e© Le‡ii mZ¨Zv hvPvB Kiv|
2. msMV‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK© 2. cvi¯úvwiK åvZ…Z¡‡eva eRvq ivLv|
3. mn‡hvMx‡`i mv‡_ m¤úK© 3. VvÆv we‡`ªvc bv Kiv|
Avjøvni ev †Lv`vi mv‡_ m¤úK© 4wU: 4. ci¯ú‡ii †`vl Ly‡R bv †eov‡bv|
1. †gŠwjK Bev`Zmg~n h_vh_fv‡e cvjb Kiv| 5. Am¤§vbRbK bvg e¨envi bv Kiv|
2. †KviAvb I nv`xm mivmwi Aa¨qb, Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ evievi 6. Ky aviYv bv Kiv|
Aa¨qb| 7. †Mv‡q›`vwMwi bv Kiv|
3. bdj Bev`Z Kiv 8. MxeZ bv Kiv|
4. mve©¶wYK wRwKi I †`vqv Pwi·K nvwZqvi ¯^iƒc ejv n‡q‡Q|
msMV‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK© 5wUt Pwi·K g~j¨evb m¤ú` ejv n‡q‡Q|
`vwqZ¡kx‡ji cÖwZ Kg©xi KiYxqt
1. Av‡`k I AvbyM‡Z¨i fvimvg¨ i¶v Kiv|
2. AÜ AvbyMZ¨ cwinvi Kiv|
3.†bZvi cwieZ©‡b AvbyM‡Z¨i cwieZ©b bv Kiv|
4. KZ©…Z¡ I AvbyMZ¨|

[37]
 m‡Z¨i mvÿ¨-05
eB cwiwPwZ t- Ges †Kvb wRwbm AcQ›`bxq A_©vr †KvbwU MÖnbxq I
m‡Z¨i mv¶¨ eBwU gyjZ 1946 mv‡ji 30†k wW‡m¤^i, †KvbwU eR©bxq|
cvwK¯Ív‡bi wkqvj‡Kv‡Ui gyiv`cyi bvgK ¯’v‡b mvaviY
m‡¤§j‡b cÖ`Ë ew³…Zvi GKvsk| †gvU K_vt-
eBwU cÖ_gZ `yB fv‡M fvM Kvi n‡q‡Q t- 1. `ywbqvi Rxeb m¤ú‡K Reve w`‡Z n‡e|
1. f~wgKv 2. GRb¨ mZK© Kvix †cÖiY|
2. gyj Av‡jvPbv PzovšÍ cÖ‡Póv t-
f~wgKv t- 1. Avjøvn bex‡`i Øviv GKvR Kivb|
1.gymwjg RvwZi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ e¨w³MZ I mvgwóK fv‡e| 2. gvby‡li wbKU Reve`xwni Abyf~wZ|
`vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Dcvq| Revew`nx t-
bex‡`i Abymvixiv GKRvZ bex‡`i AeZ©gv‡b D¤§‡Zi Dci
gyj Av‡jvPbv Avevi `yB fv‡M wef³ t-
bex‡`i `vwqZ¡ (mZ¨ mv¶¨`v‡bi) Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi
1. Avgv‡`i Z_v gymwjg RvwZi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨
Ae‡njv Ki‡j Revew`nx Ki‡Z n‡e wb‡R gvby‡li Rb¨|
2. `vIqvZ cÖwZôv KiY
mv¶¨ `v‡bi c×Zx t-
Avjøvni cÖksmv / ïKwiqv `yiy`|
1.‡gŠwLK mv¶¨
m‡¤§j‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ `vIqvZ| 2.ev¯Íe mv¶¨
Avgv‡`i `vIqvZ `yÕai‡bi gvby‡li wbKU t- †gŠwLK mv¶¨ `vbt-
1.eskMZ hviv gymjgvb †gŠwLK mv¶¨ n‡PQ bexi gva¨‡g Avgv‡`i wbKU †h mZ¨ G‡m
2.eskMZ hviv Agymjgvb| †cŠ‡Q‡Q e³…Zv I wjwLZ gva¨‡g `ywbqvi mvg‡b Zv‡K Zz‡j aiv |
Avjøvni evYx t Iqv KvhvwjKv RvAvjbvKzg D¤§vZuvI Avjøvni Øxb m¤ú‡K© hyw³ cªgv‡bi Øviv mZ¨Zv cÖgvb K‡i mKj
IqvmvZvwjKvKzb ïnv`vAv Avjvbœvm| Iqv KzÕbyi ivm~-jv wecixZ gZv`k© ¸‡jvi AmZ¨Zv cªgvb Ki‡Z| A_©vr gvbyl‡K
AvjvBKzg kvwn`v| (evKvivn-143) eySvevi I Zv‡`i g‡b cÖ‡ek Kivi m¤¢ve¨ mKj cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bv|
gymjgv‡bi `vwqZ¡ t- mgMÖ gymwjg RvwZ †h ch©šÍ gvbyl‡K †n`vqv‡Zi c_ †`Lvevi Rb¨
1. gymjgv‡bi `vwqZ¡ ïay wb‡Ri gv‡S Bmjvg‡K mxgve× bex‡`i b¨vq wPšÍv fvebv Ki‡e, †m ch©šÍ G †gŠwLK mv¶¨ `v‡bi
Kivi Rb¨ bq| `vwqZ¡ cy‡ivcywi cvjb n‡ebv| mKj w`K I wefv‡M GB gnvb
2. gymjgvb ¯^Zš¿ RvwZ| m‡Z¨i wk¶v‡K †ck Kiv| wecixZ gZv`‡k©i ÎywU wb‡`©k Kiv|
3. m‡Z¨i mv¶¨ n‡q bv `vov‡j Pig jvÂbv †fvM Ki‡Z m‡Z¨i mv¶¨‡K mKj Kv‡Ri †K›`ªxq j‡¶¨ cwibZ Kiv Ges
n‡e| m‡Z¨i wecixZ mv¶¨`vb Kvixi †Kvb AvIqvR‡K ei`v¯Í Kiv
m‡Z¨i mv¶¨ wK? hv‡ebv|
Avjøvni c¶ †_‡K bex‡`i gva¨‡g †h m‡Z¨i mv¶¨ G‡m‡Q ev¯Íe mv¶¨t-
Zvi mij †mvRv c_ m¤^‡Ü `ywbqvi mvg‡b Zv‡K Zz‡j aiv| ev¯Íe Rxe‡b m‡Z¨i cÖPvi cÖwZdjb| RxešÍ gymwjg n‡Z n‡e
mv¶¨`v‡bi welq t- Abymi‡bi †¶‡Î m‡Z¨i cÖwZgywZ©| gymwjg mgv‡Ri bgybv ˆZix|
1. Øx‡bi mZ¨Zvi mv¶¨, †gŠwLK mv¶¨ we‡kølY t-
2. h_v_© mZ¨Zvi mv¶¨, gymjgv‡bi eZ©gvb mvaviY mv¶¨ Bmjv‡gi cÖwZK~‡j| f~-¯^vgxiv
3. bex AvMg‡bi D‡Ïk¨| Av`vjZ, wk¶v, mvwnZ¨, cÖPvi gva¨g, e¨emv-evwbR¨, †bZv,
mv¶¨`v‡bi ¸iæZ¡ t- RbMbÑ mv¶¨ w`‡”Q †h Zv‡`i gy‡L `ywbqvex KvR-Kvievi Gi PP©v
1. mv¶¨`v‡bi ¸iyZ¡ Acwiwmg Bnvi Dci f„wË K‡i Avjøvn e¨vZxZ Ab¨ †Kvb Av‡jvP¨ welq †bB, Zviv Ggb †Kvb a‡g©i mv‡_
ZvAvjv gvbyl‡K wnmve wbKvk Ges cyi¯‹vi ev kvw¯Í m¤úwK©Z bq hviv Av‡jvPbvi wKQy mgq e¨q Ki‡Z cv‡i|
`v‡bi e¨e¯’v K‡i‡Qb| Abyiƒcfv‡e Avgv‡`i mvwnwZ¨KMY mv¶¨ `vb Ki‡Qb †h, Bsj¨vÛ,
2. Avi Avjøvn gnvÁvbx I †g‡nievb, wZwb gvbyl‡K Ggb Av‡gwiKv, d«vÝ I ivwkqvi ag© wegyL bvw¯ÍK mvwnwZ¨K‡`i hv Av`k©
welq m¤ú‡K© wRÁvm Ki‡eb bv hv †m AeMZ bq Ges Zv‡`i Av`k©I ZvB Ges gymwjg mvwnwZ¨K wn‡m‡e Zv‡`i
Zvi Rb¨ Zv‡K kvw¯Íi ‡hvM¨ Ki‡eb bv| mvwn‡Z¨i †Kvb ¯^Zš¿ gg©evYx †bB| ev¯Íe mv¶¨ we‡klYt- wKQy
3. Avi Avjøvn hy‡M hy‡M bex ivmyj‡`i gva¨‡g gvbe‡K e¨wZµg Qvov †gŠwLK mv¶¨i Zzjbvq Gi Ae¯’v Av‡iv †kvPbxq|
Rvwb‡q w`‡q‡Qb ‡h †Kvb wRwbm Avjøvni wbKU cQ›`bxq RvwnwjqvZB cªvavb¨ cv‡”Q| wk¶v cÖwZôvb mwgwZ ivR‰bZxK|
j‡iÝ eªvD‡bi Dw³- Aaybv j‡iÝ eªvDb bvgK R‰bK Bs‡iR †jLK

[38]
Ôw` cÖm‡c±m Ae BmjvgÕ (The Prospects of Islam) bvgK 3. Avjøvni c‡_ WvKvi Rb¨ ‡hvM¨ `vÕqx _vKv|
MÖ‡š’ we`ªyc K‡i e‡j‡Qbt- 4. mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡Ri wb‡la cÖ`vb Kvix
Ò Avgiv hLb fvi‡Z Bmjv‡gi †`Iqvbx I †dŠR`vix AvBb‡K msMVb ˆZwi Kiv|
†m‡K‡j I A‡K‡Rv g‡b K‡i iwnZ K‡i w`‡q †Kej gymjgvb‡`i Kv‡Ri wZbwU c_ t
cv‡m©vbvj-jÕ wn‡m‡e †i‡L 1. hw` fv‡jv g‡b K‡ib Avgv‡`i mv‡_ kvwgj n‡q hvb|
w`‡qwQjvg, ZLb gymjgvb‡`i Kv‡Q Zv eo AcQ›`bxq e‡j g‡b 2. bv nq Ab¨ †Kvb fv‡jv Bmjvgx msMV‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú„³
nw”Qj| KviY Gi d‡j Zv‡`i Ae¯’v GKKvjxb Bmjvgx iv‡óª †nvb|
Agymwjg wh¤§x‡`i Abyiƒc n‡q wM‡qwQj| wKš‘ GLb Avgv‡`i bxwZ 3. G‡ZI bv n‡j-LuvwU Bmjvgx cš’vq GKwU mymsnZ
ïay fviZxq gymjgvb‡`iB gbtc~Z nqwb, eis gymwjg iv󪸇jvI RvgvqvZ MVb Kiyb|
AvR Avgv‡`i Abym„Z bxwZiB AbymiY Ki‡Q| Zzi¯‹I Avj‡ewbqv * wewfbœ Øxwb msMVb
†Zv weevn, ZvjvK I DËivwaKvi AvBb ch©šÍ Avgv‡`i gvb`Û * Avgv‡`i `vex
Abyhvqx ms‡kvab K‡i wb‡q‡Q| G †_‡K G K_vB cÖgvwYZ * Awf‡hv‡Mi Reve
n‡”Q †h, ÔAvB‡b Drm n‡”Q Avjøvni B”Qv gvÎÕ- gymjgvb‡`i G bZzb wdiKv Pvi fv‡M wef³ t
aviYvwU wbQK GKwU cweÎ Kvwnbx Qvov Avi wKQyB wQj bv|Ó 1. Øx‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK©nxb †Kvb wKQy‡K Øx‡bi g‡a¨ kvwgj
mZ¨ †Mvc‡bi kvw¯Ít- K‡i--- gvcKvwV wn‡m‡e MÖnY Kiv|
1. BnKvjxb kvw¯Í 2. †Kvb gvmvAvjv †K KziAvb mybœvni PvB‡Z ¸iyZ¡ †`qv|
2. ciKvjxb kvw¯Í 3. BR‡Znv`x wel‡q evovevwo Kiv|
gymjgvb‡`i mgm¨vt- 4. †Kvb e¨w³‡K wb‡q AwZwi³ evovevwo Kiv|
1. Avjøvni AvBb cÖwZôv bv Kiv| * Bmjv‡gi cÖK…wZ t
2. mr †jvK bv _vKv| * hvKvZ Av`v‡qi AwaKvi
3. Avjøvni c‡_ cÖK…Z `vÕqx bv _vKv| * evqZzj gvj
4. mr Kv‡Ri Av‡`k I Amr Kv‡Ri wb‡la Kvix bv _vKv| Avgv‡`i D‡Ïk¨t-
mgm¨vi mgvavYt- Rxe‡bi mKj †¶‡Î Bmjvg‡K †g‡b wb‡q gymjgvb wnmv‡e
1. Avjøvni AvBb cÖwZôvKvix ‰Zwi Kiv| Øxb Bmjvg cÖwZôv I m‡Z¨i mv¶¨`vbB& Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi
2. mr ‡jvK ‰Zix Kiv| gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨|

Bmjvgx ivóª wKfv‡e cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z nq-06

1940 mv‡j AvjxMo wek¦ we`¨vj‡q gvIjvbv gI`y`x Bmjvgx ivóª 6. ivóªxq KvVv‡gv‡K wb‡iU ‰eÁvwbK cš’vq wPšÍv Kiv|
wKfv‡e cÖwZóv n‡e Zvi Dci GKwU e³…Zv †`b hv ciewZ©‡Z eB ivóª e¨e¯’vi ¯^vfvweK weeZ©b :
AvKv‡i cÖKvwkZ nq| 1. K…wÎg I A¯^vfvweK Dcv‡q ivóª cÖwZôv m¤¢e bq
Av‡jvP¨ welq: 2. iv‡óªi Rb¥ 2q GKwU mgv‡Ri& ga¨Kvi ‰bwZK PwiÎ, wPšÍv-
1. Bmjvgx ivóª wKfv‡e cÖwZwôZ nq | †PZbv, gb gvbwmKZv mf¨Zv ms¯‹…wZ Ges BwZnvm HwZ‡n¨i
2. ivóª e¨e¯’vi ¯^fvweK weeZ©b| mgwš^Z Kg© cÖwµqvi djkÖæwZ‡Z ¯^vfvweK wbq‡g|
3. Avjøvni mve©‡fŠgZ¡ I gvby‡li cÖwZwbwaZ¡ g~jK ivóª| 3. wKQyUv mvgvwRK I mvgwóK †Póv ZrciZv| wKQyUv Av‡eM
4. Bmjvgx wecø‡ei cØwZ| DÏxcbv, wKQyUv †SvuK cÖeYZv Ggbfv‡e eZ©gvb _vKv PvB hvi
5. Aev¯Íe aviYv ev cwiKíbv| wbweo mgš^‡q mvfvweK cš’vq| GKwU ivóª e¨e¯’v Aw¯ÍZ¡ jvf
6. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mwVK cØwZ| K‡i|
7. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mwVK Kg©bxwZ| 4. iv‡óªi cÖK…wZ n‡q †mB mgv‡Ri cwi‡ek I `„wó f½xi Dci
Bmjvgx ivóª wKfv‡e cÖwZwôZ nq: hvi Pv‡ci djkÖæwZ‡Z ivóª Rb¥ jvf K‡i|
1. wewfbœ cš’v I †kªYxi †jvK‡`i Øviv Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôvi 5. †h ai‡Yi ivóª e¨e¯’v m„wó Kiv D‡Ïk¨ †m ai‡Yi ivóª e¨e¯’vi
cÖ‡Póv| ¯^fve I cÖK…wZi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨kxj Dcvq Dcv`vb msMÖn
2. G mKj cš’vi AmviZv Ki‡Z n‡e Ges mwVK Kg©cš’v Aej¤^b Ki‡Z|
3. Aev¯Íe Kíbv wejvm cwinvi| 6. †h ai‡Yi ivóª cÖwZôv Kiv D‡Ïk¨ †m iKg
4. Bmjvgx iv‡óªi aib I ‰ewkó¨ wVK Kiv| 7. (K) Av‡›`vjb
5. iv‡óªi KvVv‡gv wVK K‡i wb‡Z n‡e-AvaywbK I hy‡Mvc‡hvMx| (L) e¨w³MZ, `jxq I mvgvwRK PwiÎ

[39]
 (M) cÖwk¶Y cÖvß †bZ…Z¡ 5. `ywbqvi Dci Av‡LivZ‡K cÖvavb¨ †`qv
(N) mvgvwRK Kvh©µg I cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡Z n‡e| 6. mKj ZrciZvi g~j j¶¨ Avjøvni mš‘wó
Dcgv: 7. e¨w³MZ I RvwZMZ A‡_©i `vmZ¡ cwiZ¨vM
†jey MvQ jvMv‡bvi ci Zv eo n‡q †hgb Avg djv‡Z cv‡i 8. wnsmv, we‡Øl I msKxY©Zv †_‡K gy³
bv| wVK †Zgwb GK ai‡bi iv‡óªi ZrciZv Pvwj‡q Ab¨ 9. ab m¤ú` I ¶gZvi †bkv Z¨vM
ai‡bi ivóª cÖwZôv nIqvi Avkv g~L©Zv, Lvg‡Lqvjx, Amvo 10. AvgvbZ`vi I mywePviK
Kíbv I AbwfÁZv| 11. wewRZ n‡j Giv †Kvb †`‡k MYnZ¨v asmjxjv I Ryjyg
Av`wk©K ivóª: bv K‡i RbM‡Yi Rvb-gvj B¾Z Aveiæi †ndvRZKvix
1. Av`wk©K ivóª n‡e m¤ú~Y© RvZxqZvev‡`i Kjylgy³| n‡q hv‡e|
2. G ivóª cwiPvjbvq esk, †MvÎ, RvwZ, ag©, eY© I fvlv 12. G‡`i mZZv mZ¨ev`xZv, ‰bwZKZv I PvwiwÎK gvay‡h©i
wbwe©‡k‡l mK‡jB Askx`vi n‡q hv‡e| Dci †MvUv wek¦evmx Av¯’vkxj n‡e|
3. L„óev` Av`wk©K iv‡óªi A¯úó bKkv jvf K‡iwQj wKš‘ we:`ª: Dc‡i ewY©Z ¸b¸‡jv hviv Bmjvgx ivóª cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb
Av`wk©K iv‡ói KvVv‡gv jvf K‡iwb| Zv‡`i gv‡S _vK‡Z n‡e|
4. divmx wece I mgvRZ‡š¿ Av`wk©K iv‡óªi ¶xY iwk¥ †`Lv Bmjvgx wecø‡ei c×wZ:
w`‡jI Zv‡Z AwP‡iB AÜ RvZxqZvev` Xy‡K c‡o| 1. Bmjvgx Rxeb `k©b, Bmjvgx Rxe‡bi D‡Ïk¨, BmjvwgK
5. c„w_exi cÖ_g †_‡K AvR ch©šÍ GKgvÎ Bmjvg B cv‡i PwiÎ I Bmjv‡gi cÖvYkw³i mwnZ mvgÄm¨kxj Av‡›`vjb
RvZxqZvev‡`i hveZxq msKxY© fveaviv †_‡K gy³ K‡i ivóª MVb|
e¨e¯’v‡K wb‡iU Av`wk©K eywbqv‡`i Dci cÖwZôv Ki‡Z | 2. Av‡›`vj‡bi †bZv I Kgx©‡`i Bmjv‡gi Av‡jv‡K †X‡j
6. cvðvZ¨ BwZnvm, ivRbxwZ, mgvR weÁvb, †cŠibxwZ, mvRv‡Z n‡e|
A_©bxwZ‡Z wkw¶Z e¨w³‡`i w`‡q Av`wk©K ivóª MVb m¤¢e 3. Bmjv‡gi Av‡jv‡K GKwU wk¶v e¨e¯’v M‡o †Zvjv|
bq, hw`I Zviv gymjgvb nq| 4. wec` gywQeZ I AZ¨vPvi wbh©vZb mn¨ Kivi Ges Z¨vM I
7. RvZxqZvev`x ivóª mg~‡n MV‡bi Kg©cš’v I Av`wk©K ivóª †Kvievbxi Pig civKvôv cÖ`k©b|
MV‡bi Kg©cš’v KL‡bv GK n‡Z cv‡i bv| 5. †bZv I Kgx©‡`i K_v, KvR Pwi‡Îi gva¨‡g gvbyl Bmjvgx
8. Av`wk©K iv‡óªi g~j j¶¨ nj gvbyl I gvbe RvwZ| iv‡óªi Kj¨vY mywePvi I kvwšÍi cÖwZ wbwðZ n‡e|
Avjøvni mve©‡fŠgZ¡ I gvby‡li cÖwZwbwaZ¡ wfwËK ivóª: 6. Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í mr I bxwZev` †jvK Av‡›`vj‡bi Abymvix Ges
1. Bmjvgx iv‡óªi wfwË Avjøvni mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i aviYvi Dci PwiÎnxb †jvK mgvR †_‡K wejxb nIqvi gva¨‡g Bmjvgx
cÖwZwôZ| wecøe msMwVZ n‡&e|
2. ‡Kv‡bv e¨w³ †kªYx, esk, RvwZ GgbwK †MvUv gvbeRvwZi I 7. mgv‡Ri gvbwmK, ‰bwZK, gb¯ÍvwËK I mvs¯‹…wZ‡K
mvg©‡fŠg‡Z¡i we›`ygvÎ AwaKvi †bB| Bmjv‡gi Av‡jv‡K Avg~j cwieZ©‡bi gva¨‡g|
3. GB iv‡óª gvbyl Avvjøvni cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e| 8. ivm~‡ji (mv:) Av`‡k©i wfwˇZ GKwU cÖPÛ MYAv‡›`vjb
4. Bmjvgx iv‡óª cªwZwU †¶‡Î ag©nxb ivóª †_‡K m¤ú~Y© wfbœZi| Dcw¯’Z n‡e|
5. Bmjvgx iv‡óªi bvMwiK, †fvUvi †mbv cÖavb, ivóª`~Z, gš¿xeM© Aev¯Íe aviYvi Kíbv:
mgvR Rxe‡bi cÖwZwU wefvM Bmjvgx Av`‡k© †X‡j mvRv†Z 1. mKj Bmjvgx `j GKwÎZ n‡jB Bmjvgx wecøe m¤¢e|
n‡e| 2. gymwjg bvgK †jv‡Ki nv‡Z ivóª ¶gZv Avm‡jB Bmjvgx
†LjvdZ jv‡fi Dcvq: ivóª Kv‡qg n‡q hv‡e|
1. mvavib iv‡óªi cÖavb wePvicwZ Bmjvgx iv‡óªi †Kivbx nevi GB aviYv fyj KviY:
†hvM¨ bq| 1. gymwjg mgvR ‰bwZK w`K †_‡K Pig Aa:cwZZ|
2. ag©nxb iv‡óªi cywjk Bb‡¯ú±i †Rbv‡ij Bmjvgx iv‡óªi 2. eZ©gvb AvaywbK wk¶v e¨e¯’v Bmjvgx iv‡óªi †hvM¨ †jvK
mvaviY Kg‡÷ej nevi †hvM¨ bq| ‰Zix Ki‡Qbv|
3. ag©nxb iv‡óªi wdì gvk©vj Bmjvgx iv‡óªi wmcvnx nevi 3. Bmjvgx iv‡óªi cÖwZwU wefv‡Mi Rb¨ †hvM¨ †jv‡Ki Afve|
†hvM¨ bq| 4. Bmjvgx ivóª GKevi cÖwZôv K‡i c‡i wk¶v e¨e¯’v I PwiÎ
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kgx©‡`i ¸bvejx: ms‡kvab Kiv hv‡e|
1. Revew`nxi Abyf~wZ 5. Dgi web Avãyj AvwR‡Ri gZ gynv¤§v` ZzNjK I
2. Avjøvni ev›`v‡`i Dci Bbmvd Kv‡qg AvjgMxi GK ev`kvn nviæbyi ikx` †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ, DbœZ
3. ¯^v_©ciZv, †¯^”QvPvixZv, we‡Øl, c¶cvwZZ¡, Øxb`vixi AwaKvix I civµgkvjx n‡qI ivóª e¨e¯’v
wek¦vmNvZKZv cwinvi| cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb|
4. me©`v Avjøvn‡K fq K‡i Pjv
[40]
 mgvavb: ivóªxq mn‡hvwMZv QvovB Z¨vM I †Kvievbxi gva¨‡g 2.hviv AskMÖnY K‡i‡Q ïay Avjøvni mš‘wói R‡b¨B K‡i‡Q|
e¨vcK `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g Ges e¨w³MZ I mvgwóK
ms‡kva‡bi gva¨‡g| 1. hviv kixK nq Zviv bvbv NvZ-cÖwZNv‡Z h_v_© cÖwk¶Y
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mwVK Kg©bxwZ: cvq| w`b w`b evov‡Z _v‡K Av‡›`vj‡bi †jvK|
1. ZvInx`‡K cwic~Y©fv‡e KziAvb I mybœvni Av‡jv‡K 2. ivm~j (mvt) Gi mgMÖ Rxe‡bi AbymiY| †bZv wQ‡jb
Abyaveb K‡i Zvi Av‡jv‡K Rxeb †X‡j mvRv‡bv| `ywbqvi Av`‡k©i g‡Wj|
gvbyl‡K ZvInx‡`i cÖwZ Avnevb Kiv| 3. Av`‡k©i Kvh©Ki ¯^vfvweK wecøe Bmjvgx Av`‡k©i
2. AwMœ cix¶vq wbLv` cªgvwYZ nIqv Av‡jv‡K gvby‡li gb gMR, wPšÍv-†PZbv, AvPvi-AvPiY,
dvq`v: KvR-Kg© mewKQy †X‡j mvRv‡Z cvi‡j Zvi ¯^vfvweK
1.fxiæ Kvcyiæl, PwiÎnxb I `ye©j cÖK‡íi †jvK Av‡›`vj‡b djkÖæwZ nj Bmjvgxwecøe|
†Nl‡Z cv‡i bv|
Bmjvgx Av‡›`v‡jb ˆbwZK wfwË-07
ÒBmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi ‰bwZK wfwËÓ eBwU 1945 mv‡ji 21†k g~j Av‡jvPbvt-
GwcÖj c~e© cvÄv‡ei cvVvb †KvU¯’ `viyj Bmjv‡g giûg gvIjvbv g~j e³‡e¨ `kwU welq Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q
mvB‡q` Aveyj AvÔjv gI`y`x (i)-Gi GKwU e³„Zv| 1. †bZ„‡Z¡i ¸iyZ¡
2. mr †bZ…Z¡ cÖwZôv Øxb Bmjv‡gi g~j j¶¨
eBwU `yB fv‡M wef³ 3. ‡bZ…‡Z¡i e¨vcv‡i †Lv`vi wbqg
1. f~wgKv 4. gvby‡li DÌvb-cZb ‰bwZK Pwi‡Îi Dci wbf©ikxj
2. g~j Av‡jvPbv 5. ‡gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi‡Îi we‡klY
f~wgKv t 6. Bmjvgx ‰bwZKZv
G‡Z †gŠwjK †h welq Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv wbgœiƒcÑ 7. ‡bZ…Z¡ m¤ú‡K© †Lv`vqx bxwZi mviK_v
1. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi P~ovšÍ j¶¨ †bZ…‡Z¡i Avg~j 8. ‡gŠwjK gvbexq PwiÎ I Bmjvgx ‰bwZK kw³i
cwieZ©b| ZviZg¨
2. dvwmK Avjøvn‡`ªvnx I cvwcó †jvK‡`i †bZ…Z¡ I KZ…©Z¡ 9. Bmjvjx ‰bwZKZvi Pvi ch©vq
wbgy©j K‡i Avjvni m‡šÍvl jvf| 10. f~j avibvi Ac‡bv`b
3. c„w_ex‡Z mKj wech©‡qi g~j KviY Amr †bZ…Z¡| †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸iyZ¡ t
4. Amr †bZ…Z¡ DrLvZ I mr †bZ…Z¡ cÖwZôv Ges G D‡Ï‡k¨ mKj cÖKvi wµqvKv‡ji g~‡j i‡q‡Q †bZ…‡Z¡i f~wgKv| †`k,
cwiPvwjZ Av‡›`vjbB Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb| RvwZ, mgvR me wKQyB †bZ…‡Z¡i Aax‡b cwiPvwjZ nq, Gi
Amr †bZ…‡Z¡i djvdj t Dci wbf©i K‡i †Kvb †`k ev RvwZi DbœwZ AMÖMwZ wKsev
1. wek¦e¨cx AkvwšÍ cZb|
2. Ryjyg wbh©vZb I wb¯úk‡b mqjve| mr †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸iyZ¡ t
3. ‰bwZKZvi Ae¶q 1. mZZv b¨vq bxwZ Ges Kj¨vYKi Kvh©µg my›`i I
4. mvgvwRK fvOb myPviæiƒ‡c ev¯ÍevwqZ n‡q mgvR my›`‡ii ci‡k weKwkZ I
5. gvbe eyw×i Avwe¯‹…Z mgMÖ kw³ I hš¿ gvby‡li Kj¨vY I cÖùzwUZ nq|
DbœwZ weav‡bi cwie‡Z© asm mva‡bi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ 2. Amr †jvK GLv‡b mr n‡Z eva¨|
n‡”Q| 3. Ab¨vq,AbvPvi,cvcvPvi GLv‡b weKvk jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
f~wgKvt- Amr †bZ…‡Z¡i cwiYvg t
f~wgKv Avevi cuvP fv‡M wef³ 1. mZZv, b¨vq bxwZ I Kj¨vY mgvR n‡Z we`vq †bq
1.PzovšÍ j¶¨ wK? 2. cvcvPvi, AbvPvi, Ab¨vq `ybx©wZ me©Î Qwo‡q c‡o|
K) RvMwZK `„wó fw½|L) ciKvjxb `„wó fw½| 3. mrfv‡e Pj‡Z PvB‡jI Pjv hvq bv|
2. eZ©gvb `ywbqvi wPÎ, wm×všÍ:
3. mgvR Rxeb AkvwšÍi gyj KviY, 1. mgv‡Ri kvwšÍ AkvwšÍ k„sLjv wek„sLjv mwVK †bZ…‡Z¡i Dci
4. `ywbqv‡Z mr mZ¨wcÖq gvby‡li Afve †bB, wbf©ikxj|
5. KiYxq 2. mgv‡Ri cÖwZwóZ †bZ…Z¡ ØvivB Awab¯Íiv cÖfvweZ n‡Z
K) mr gvbyl‡`i HK¨e× Kiv| L) Bmjvgx mgvR cÖwZôv cv‡i|
Kiv| mr †bZ…Z¡ cÖwZôv Øxb Bmjv‡gi g~j j¶¨t-
[41]
Øxb Bmjv‡gi †gŠwjK `vex-3wU 1. †gŠwjK ¸b|
1. mKj gvbyl‡K GKgvÎ Avjøvn&i `vm wn‡m‡e Rxeb hvcb 2. f`ªZvg~jK ¯^fve
Ki‡Z n‡e| 3. c~Y©Zv`vbKvix ¸b|
2. †Lv`vi †`qv AvBb‡KB GKgvÎ Rxeb weavb wn‡m‡e gvb‡Z †gŠwjK ¸b
n‡e| 1. B”Qv kw³
3. c„w_exi eyK †_‡K mKj cÖKvi Ab¨vq, AkvwšÍ `~ixf~Z 2. wm×všÍMÖnY kw³
Ki‡Z n‡e| 4. cÖej evmbv
K)mr †bZ…Z¡ cÖwZôv Avjøvni wb‡`©k| 5. D”Pvkv
L)`ywbqvi me gvbyl B”Qv Ges Awb”Qvq †nvK wbi¼zkfv‡e 6. wbfx©K mvnm
Avjøvni `vm| 7. mwnòzZv
M)Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôvi Rb¨ msMVb Acwinvh©| 8. `„pZv
mr †bZ…‡Z¡i mydjt- 9. Z¨vMx g‡bvfve
1. gvbe mgvR e¨e¯’v Avjøvn KZ…K e¨vcK m‡Z¨i Dci 10. K…ZÁZv mvab
cÖwZwôZ n‡e| 11. exiZ¡
2. Kj¨vY RbK Kv‡Ri e¨vcv‡i cÖmvi jvf Ki‡e| 12. mnbkxjZv
3. Amr †jvK¸‡jv mr _vK‡Z eva¨ n‡e| 13. cwikªgwcÖqZv
4. mgv‡R Ab¨vq I AwePvi wbt‡kl bv n‡jI dz‡j d‡j 14. D‡Ï‡k¨i AvKl©Y, wb‡Ri ü`qv‡eM
weKwkZ n‡e bv| 15. DrmM© Kivi cÖeYZv
Amr †bZ…‡Z¡i Kzdjt- 16. mZK©Zv
1. gvbe mgvR e¨ve¯’v Ab¨vq Ges Amr c‡_ cwiPvwjZ n‡e| 17. `~i`„wó I AšÍ`„©wó
2. Ab¨vq I cvc dz‡j d‡j weKwkZ n‡e| 18. †eva kw³ I wePvi ¶gZv
3. ixwZ bxwZ AvPvi, Abyôvb wech©¯Í n‡e| 19. cwiw¯’wZ ch©‡e¶b I Z`byhvqx wb‡R‡K M‡o †Zvjv
4. mr c‡_ PjvB bq eis Gc‡_ `vwo‡q _vKvB KóKi n‡e| 20. AbyKzj Kg©bxwZ MÖnY
5. c„w_ex gvwU, evZvm, evqy mr †bZ…Z¡‡K A¯^xKvi Ki‡e| 21. Ab¨vb¨ gvbyl‡K AvK…ó Kiv
†bZ…‡Z¡i e¨vcv‡i Avjøvni wbqgt- 22. cÖfve m„wó
1. Avjøvn †MvUv wek¦ GKwU mywbw`©ó wbq‡gi Aax‡b m„wó 23. Kv‡R jvMv‡bvi ¶gZv
K‡i‡Qb| c„w_exi mKj wKQyB †mB ¯’vqx weav‡bi Abymvix| ‡gŠwjK gvbexq ¸bvewj/f`ªZvg~jK ¸b t
2. ïay Kvgbv evmbv _vK‡jB KvR n‡e bv| GKRb K…l‡Ki 1. AvZ¥m¤§vb Ávb
f~wgKv| 2. `qv-AbyMÖn
Avjøvn KLb †bZ…Z¡ `vb K‡ib? 3. e`vb¨Zv
K) ‰bwZK Pwi‡Îi DbœwZ mvab| 4. mnvbyf~wZ
L)†hvM¨Zvi weKvk mvab| 5. my-wePvi
6. wbi‡c¶Zv
gvby‡li DÌvb cZb ‰bwZK Pwi‡Îi Dci wbf©ikxjt- 7. ü`q g‡bi cÖmviZv/wekvjZv
1. gvby‡li mvgwóK mvdj¨ e¯Íwbô I ‰bwZK kw³i Dci 8. `„wói D`viZv
wbf©ikxj| 9. mZ¨ev`xZv
2. gvby‡li Rxe‡b g~j wm×všÍ Kvwi kw³ n‡”Q ‰bwZK kw³| 10. mZ¨wcÖqZv
3. gvbyl‡K gvbyl ejvnq Zvi ‰bwZK ¸‡bi Rb¨| 11. wek¦vm civqbZv
‰bwZKZvi cÖavb `ywU w`K 12. b¨vqwbôv
1. †gŠwjK gvbweK PwiÎ 13. Iqv`vc~Y© Kiv
2. Bmjvgx ˆbwZK PwiÎ 14. eyw×gËv
‡gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi‡Îi we‡klYt- 15. mf¨Zv
mr I Amr, cweÎ-AcweÎ BZ¨vw` cÖ‡kœi D‡×© †_‡K `ywbqvi 16. cweÎZv I cwi”QbœZv
mdjZv jv‡fi Rb¨ Acwinvh© ¸b¸wj †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸Y| 17. AvZ¥mshg
Gi Dci gvby‡li ‰bwZK mËvi wfwË ¯’vwcZ nq| c~Y©Zv`vbKvix ¸Yvejx t
D‡Ïk¨ mva‡bi Rb¨ †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸b Aek¨ cÖ‡qvRb| 1. mgv‡Ri mgMª wKsev AwaKvsk gvbylB GKwU mvgwMÖK
†gŠwjK gvbexq ¸Yvewji wZbwU ¯ÍiÑ j¶¨‡K wb‡R‡`i Pig j¶¨iƒ‡c MÖnY Ki‡e|

[42]
 2. †m j¶¨‡K Zvi ab-m¤ú`, cÖvY, mšÍvb n‡ZI AwaK gvbexq Pwi‡Îi †¶‡Î 100% Ro kw³i cÖ‡qvRb| Z‡e, Bmjvgx
fvjevm‡e| I †gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi‡Îi mgš^q n‡j 25% Ro kw³B h‡_ó|
3. ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ †cÖg fvjevmv I mnvbyf~wZi g‡bvfve Bmjvgx I †gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi‡Îi mgš^q bv n‡j Bmjvg cÖwZôv
cÖej n‡e| n‡e bv|
4. mymsMwVZ I msNe× _vK‡e|
5. AvZ¥`vb Bmjvgx ‰bwZKZvi Pvi ch©vqt-
6. fvj-g›` †bZv wbe©vP‡bi eyw× we‡ePbv (1) Cgvb: Cgvb Bmjvgx wR‡›`Mxi cÖv_wgK wfwË cÖ¯Íi- †hgb
Bmjvgx ˆbwZKZv t †Lv`vi cÖwZ Cgvb|
1. †gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi‡Îi weï×Kvix I cwic~iK| (2) Bmjvg: Bmjvg n‡”Q Cgv‡bi ev¯Íe Awfe¨w³, Cgv‡bi
2. Bmjvg †gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi·K mwVK I wbfy©j †K‡›`ªi Kg©iƒc| Cgvb I Bmjv‡gi g‡a¨ m¤úK© exR I e„‡¶i g‡a¨
mv‡_ hy³ K‡i| m¤ú‡K©i b¨vq| g‡bi g‡a¨ Cgvb _vKv Ae¯Ívq Bmjv‡gi KvR bv
3. Bmjvg †gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi·K my`„p K‡i †`q Ges Pig Kiv G‡Kev‡i Am¤¢e|
cÖvšÍmxgv ch©šÍ Gi †¶Î I cwiwa m¤cÖmvwiZ K‡i| (3) ZvKIqv: ZvKIqv n‡”Q g‡bi †m Ae¯’v hv †Lv`vi Mfxi fxwZ
4. DboeZ ‰bwZKZvi GKwU AwZ RuvKRgKc~Y© ch©vq iPbv I cÖej `vwqZ¡ Abyf~wZi `iæb m„wó nq|
K‡i †`q| Gi d‡j gvbyl †mŠRb¨ I gvnv‡Z¥¨i GK PzovšÍ (4) Bnmvb: Bnmvb n‡”Q Avjøvn Zvi ivmyj Ges Bmjv‡gi mv‡_
I D”P ch©v‡q Av‡ivnY K‡i _v‡K| g‡bi Mfxi fvjevmv `yt†”Q`¨ eÜb I AvZ¥nviv †cÖgcvMj fveaviv
†bZ…Z¡ m¤ú‡K© Avjøvni bxwZi mviK_vt- hv GKRb gymjgvb‡K Bmjv‡gi Rb¨ Av‡Z¥vrmM©K…Z K‡i †`q|
1. †bZ…Z¡ `v‡bi e¨vcv‡i Avjøvn&i wbqg I ixwZ ¯’vqx (m„wó f~j avibvi Ac‡bv`bt-
†_‡K aesm ch©šÍ) (1) Avjøvn bex‡K †cÖib K‡i‡Qb †Kb? bex †cÖi‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ GB
2. Avjøvn Zvqvjv †bZ…Z¡ I KZ©…‡Z¡i PvweKvwV Ggb GKwU ‡h, †Lv`vi `vmZ¡ wegyLZv, ag©nxbZv, †Lv`vi AvbyMZ¨ K‡i Pjvi
`‡ji nv‡Z b¨¯Í K‡ib hvivÑ cÖwZ D‡c¶v, wb‡Ri gbMov wbqg-weav‡bi Abymib Ges †Lv`vi
K. Bmjvgx ‰bwZKZv I †gŠwjK gvbexq Pwi‡Î f~wlZ| m¤§y‡L RIqve w`wn Kivi Awbevh©Zv m¤ú‡K© Awek¦vmÑ GB ¸‡jv‡K
L. RvMwZK Kvh©KviY I Ro Dcvq-Dcv`vb cÖ‡qvMKvix| gy‡jv‡”Q` Kiv|
M. mymsMwVZ `j| (2) AK…wÎg Cgvb`v‡ii D`vniY|
†bZ…‡Z¡i e¨e¯’vq †gŠwjK cwieZ©b m„wói kZ© t (3) evwl©K Bmjvg cvjb Kvixi D`vniY|
1. Rxe‡bi cÖ‡Z¨K †¶‡Î I wefv‡M,cÖ‡Z¨K K`‡g-c`‡¶‡c Avw¤^qv‡q †Kivg AvMg‡bi D‡Ïk¨ t
Kv‡di I dv‡mKx kw³i mv‡_ Ø›Ø I cÖZ¨¶ †gvKvwejv Ki‡Z 1. gvby‡li g‡a¨ Avjøvni `vmZ¡ I AvbyMZ¨ K‡i Pjvi
n‡e| AK…wÎg wbôv m„wó Kiv|
2. mZ¨-cÖwZôvi eÜzi c‡_ mKj cÖKvi Kzievbx 2. Avjøvni mvg‡b Revew`wn m„wó Kivi cÖwZ m‡›`nvZxZ
3. mZ¨ cªxwZi HKvwšÍK wbôv| wek¦vm m„wó Kiv|
4. wb‡Ri †hvM¨ZvI cÖgvY Ki‡Z n‡e| g~jj¶¨ t
5. †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸bvejx, Bmjvgx ‰bwZKZv Ges RvMwZK 1. DbœZ ‰bwZK Pwi‡Îi weKvk mvab|
Dcvq Dcv`vb cÖ‡qvMKvix myk„sLj `j _vK‡j Zviv †bZ…‡Z¡ 2. myôz g~jbxwZi wfwˇZ gvbe Rxe‡bi c~Yv© ½ e¨e¯’v cÖwZôvi
hv‡e| Rb¨ †Póv Kiv|
6. Dc‡iv³ ¸bvejx bv _vK‡j Zvn‡j †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸bvejx I 3. g½j I Kj¨v‡Yi ¯^ZtùyZ© dêyaviv cÖevwnZ Kiv
RvMwZK Dcvq Dcv`vb cÖ‡qvMKvix myk„sLj `j _vK‡j Zviv 4. Ab¨vq I cv‡ci mKj Drm eÜ Kiv|
†bZ…‡Z¡ hv‡e| - Avw¤^qv‡q †Kiv‡gi AvMg‡bi GKgvÎ D‡Ïk¨ m¤^wjZ
7. ZvI hw` bv _v‡K Zvn‡j RvMwZK Dcvq Dcv`vb cÖ‡qvMKvix ¸Yvejx me©v‡MÖ AR©b Ki‡Z n‡e| evwn¨K w`‡Ki ms¯‹vi
myk„sLj `j _vK‡j Zviv †bZ…‡Z¡ hv‡e| cÖ_gZ D³ ¸Yvejxi Awbevh© cwiYvg ¯^fveZB m¤úbœ
†gŠwjK gvbexq PwiÎ I Bmjvgx ‰bwZK kw³i ZviZg¨t- n‡e|
‰bwZK kw³ ej‡Z gvbexq PwiÎ n‡j RvMwZK I Dcvq Dcv`vb - ZviciI †Kvb Am¤ú~Y©Zv _vK‡j µwgK Aa¨vq mg~n
e¯ÍMZ kw³ Aek¨B cÖ‡qvRbxq| Z‡e, ‰bwZK kw³ ej‡Z †gŠwjK AwZµg Kivi m‡½ m‡½B Zv c~YZ © v jvf Ki‡e, Zv‡Z
gvbexq PwiÎ I Bmjvgx ‰bwZKZv eySv‡j ‰elwqK I Ro kw³i m‡›`n †bB|
Afve c~iY Kiv hvq| mvaviY †¶‡Î c~Y© mdjZvi Rb¨ ïay †gŠwjK

[43]
 ‡n`v‡qZ-08
fywgKv: eBwU g~jZÑ13 b‡f¤^i 1951 mv‡j KivwP‡Z AbywôZ 4. wb‡Ri Dcvq DcKiY bq eis Avjøvni Dci fimv‡KB
Rvgvqv‡Zi Pviw`b e¨vcx m‡¤§j‡bi mgvcbx w`‡b cÖ`Ë gIjvbvi cÖvavb¨ †`Iqv| Avjøvni mšÍwói Rb¨ gvby‡li weivMfvRb
fvlY| 1983 m‡b eB AvKv‡i †n`vqvZ bv‡g Qvcv‡bv nq| nIqv
†n`vqvZÑ (kãwU wewfbœfv‡e 314 evi KziAv‡b G‡m‡Q) 5. fvjevmv-N„Yv Kiv, `vb Kiv-bv Kiv Avjøvni Rb¨| eÜzZ¡-
K. c‡_i w`kv kÎæZv Avjøvni Rb¨|
L. Av‡jvKewZ©Kv 6. Mfxi iv‡Z Avjøvn‡K WvKv (†`vqv KzbyZ, Zvnv¾y`)
M. iv¯Ív †`Lv‡bv Avjøvni mv‡_ m¤úK© e„wØi Dcvq:
N. bxj bKkv 1. Avjøvni GKZ¡ev` gvwjK, Dcvm¨ I kvmK iƒ‡c ¯^xKvi
`y‡Uv A_©Ñ Kiv|
1. iv¯Ív †`Lv‡bv 2. hveZxq ¸Yvejx AwaKvi I ¶gZv Avjøvni Rb¨ wbw`©ó fvev|
2. †cuŠwQ‡q w`‡q Avmv 3. gb gvbwmKZv‡K wkiK&gy³ ivLv |
g~j D‡Ïk¨ 4. AšÍi‡K wbg©j cweÎ ivLv|
1. gvby‡li cÖK…Z cwiPq †ck Avjøvni mv‡_ m¤úK© e„w×i Dcvq Avevi 2wUt
2. gvbyl I Avjøvni m¤úK© 1. wPšÍv I M‡elYvi cš’v|
3. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb Gi Kgx©‡`i mwVK gv‡bvbœqb| 2. ev¯Íe Kv‡Ri cš’v|
4. Ava¨vwZ¥K kw³ Øviv gq`vb `Lj| wPšÍv I M‡elYvi cš’vt
5. BnKvjxb Kj¨vY I ciKvjxb gyw³| 1. cweÎ †KviAvb I nvw`m e¨vcK Aa¨qY|
†gvU 17/18wU wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q 2. AvZ¥wePvi we‡kølb|
Av‡jvP¨ welq : GB eBwU‡Z mnKg©xi Kb I gyËvwK M‡bi 3. Avjøvni mv‡_ KZLvwb m¤úK© fvev|
D‡Ï‡k¨ KwZcq Kg©cš’v m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| 4. m‡Z¨i `vex c~i‡b KZLvwb K…ZKvh©|
5. wbR ÎæwU Abyfe|
Avjøvni Zvqjvi mv‡_ m¤úK©:
ev¯Íe Kv‡Ri cš’vt
1. Avjøvn‡K fq Kiv
1. wbôvi mv‡_ Avjøvni AvbyMZ¨ Kiv| wbôv t djvdj bv
2. g‡b cÖv‡Y Zuvi cÖwZ fw³fve †cvlY I m¤úK© NwbôKiY|
cvIqv ch©šÍ †j‡M _vKv|
3. AvwK`v wek¦v‡mi e¨vcv‡i Avjøvni cÖwZ Cgvb|
2. me©ve¯’vq Avjøvni mšÍwó Kvgbv|
4. Bev`‡Zi †ejvq Avjøvni mwnZ wbweoZi m¤úK© ¯’vcb|
3. mr KvR Kiv-wbwl× KvR †_‡K weiZ _vKv|
5. ‰bwZK Pwi‡Î Avjøvni fq Ges †jb‡`‡b Avjøvni m‡šÍvl AR©b|
4. Kzievbx Kiv|
6. mšÍvbmn AvZ¥xq ¯^Rb‡`i mv‡_ Zvi mšÍwói Rb¨B m¤úK© ivLv|
5. Kzievbxi cÖPvi K‡i bv †eov‡bv |
7. †`k I RvwZi †L`g‡Z (GKB D‡Ï‡k¨) wb‡R‡K wb‡qvM Kiv|
djvdj :
8. Avjøvni mv‡_ m¤úK© e„w×i Rb¨ mve©¶wYK wPšÍv
1. hveZxq Kvh©Kjvc ZvKIqvi ch©v‡q DcbxZ n‡e|
m¤úK© †Kb e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e t 2. Gi cieZx© Kg©cš’v Avcbv‡K Bnmv‡bi ¯Í‡i DbœxZ ivL‡e|
1. bex ivm~j‡`i wb‡`©k mvjvZ t dih bvgvRÑdiR I IqvwRe Aek¨B Av`vq Ki‡Z
2. Avgv‡`i msMV‡bi j¶¨ n‡e mybœZ I bdj-(bd‡j †MvcbxqZv i¶v cÖ‡qvRb) mvjv‡Zi
3. Av‡›`vj‡bi mdjZvi Rb¨ c~Y©Zv w`‡e)
K. Avjøvni mv‡_ Mfxi m¤úK© Avjøvni whKi t
L. mKj Avkv AvKv•Lv GKgvÎ Avjøvni Rb¨| 1. ivm~j (mt) Gi cš’vq whKi Kiv |
M. Avjøvni mv‡_ m¤úK© e„w×i Rb¨ mve©¶wYK wPšÍv| 2. Kw_Z mydxiv †hfv‡e K‡i †mfv‡e bq|
AvwK`v t Ggb wbw`©ó wKQy welq hv †`Lv hvqbv wKšÍ Avjøvn A_ev 3. ivmyj (mt) Abym„Z †`vqv, Avjøvni whKi gyL¯Í K‡i †bqvI|
ivmyj e‡j w`‡q‡Qb, mdjZv Av‡m Avjøvni mv‡_ m¤ú‡K©i mvIg t dih mvI‡gi cvkvcvwk bdj mvIg cÖ‡Z¨K gv‡m|
wfwˇZB| Avjøvni iv¯Ívq A_© LiP t ïay dihB bq, mva¨vbymv‡i bdj
Avjøvni mv‡_ m¤úK© Kivi A_©: 1. G‡¶‡Î cwigvY we‡eP¨ bq|
1. Rxeb giY mewKQy Avjøvni Rb¨ nIqv| (Avbqvg-162) 2. eis Zvi mvg‡_©¨i KZUzKz Kzievbx Kij/ nj ZvB we‡eP¨|
2. c~Y© GKvMÖZvi mv‡_ (Lv‡jQfv‡e) Zuvi Bev`Z Kiv| 3. mv`Kv ZvKIqv‡K cvKv‡cv³ K‡i|
(evBwq¨bvn-5) Avjøvni mv‡_ m¤úK© hvPvB‡qi Dcvq t
3. cÖKv‡k¨ I †Mvc‡b Avjøvn‡K fq Kiv| 1. wb‡Ri Rxeb I Kg© cÖ‡Póv
2. wPšÍv I fveaviv m¤ú‡K© ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv|
[44]
 (wb‡R‡K cÖkœ) L. Gici-
K)Avjøvni mv‡_ Kiv Pzw³ KZUzKz Av`vq n‡”Q? 1. cÖ_g mv¶v‡ZB wbR©‡b Avjvc
L)Avgvi mgq, kªg, cÖwZfv, †hvM¨Zv, abm¤ú`, †Kvb c‡_ 2. ZviciI ms‡kvab bv n‡j mswkó Avgxi‡K Rvbv‡bv|
e¨q n‡”Q? 3. GiciI cÖ‡qvRb g‡b Ki‡j ‰eV‡K welqwU Dc¯’vcb
M)wb‡Ri ¯^v‡_© bv Avjøvni we‡`ªv‡n gb †ewk Kuv‡`? Kiv|
N)Avjøvni cÖ`Ë Avgvb‡Zi h_v_©¨ e¨envi n‡”Q wKbv? mgv‡jvPbvi mwVK cš’v t
c„w_ex cix¶v‡K›`ª 1. mKj ¯’v‡b me mgq Av‡jvPbv bv Kiv|
cix¶vi welq t †Ljvd‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvjb| 2. AvZ¥ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g mgv‡jvPbv Kiv|
cix¶vq cvk-RvbœvZx nIqv 3. ms‡kvabxg~jK †gvjv‡qg fvlvq|
wb‡Ri ¯^v_© ¶zbœ n‡j ‰ah©¨Pz¨wZ nq wKbv 4. †hŠw³K Awf‡hv‡Mi mgv‡jvPbv Kiv|
Av‡Liv‡Zi wPšÍv jvjb t 5. mgv‡jvPbv K_v KvUvKvwU‡Z cwiYZ bv nIqv|
Gi `ywU DcvqÑ hvi mgv‡jvPbv n‡”Q Zvi KvR t
1. wPšÍv I Av`k©g~jK|2. ev¯Íe Kg©cš’v| 1. ‰ah©¨ mnKv‡i mgv‡jvPbv †kvbv|
1. wPšÍv I Av`k©g~jK t 2. mZ¨ Ask †hvw³Kfv‡e LÛb|
K. KziAvb Aa¨qb 3. mgv‡jvPbv ï‡b ivMvwš^Z bv nIqv|
L. nv`xm cvV AvbyMZ¨ I wbqg k„sLjv msi¶Y t
M. Kei whqviZ 1. wbqg-k„sLjvB Avgv‡`i eo nvwZqvi|
ev¯Íe Kg©cš’v t 2. Avgv‡`i eZ©gvb k„sLjv h‡_ó bq|
K. AvZ¥ ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv 3. †bZvi †bK Kv‡Ri AvbyMZ¨ IqvwRe|
L. wb‡Ri †PóvqB ¸b m„wó nq| 4. wbtms‡Kv‡P AvbyMZ¨ Kiv|
Ah_v AnwgKv eR©b t †bZ…e„‡›`i cÖwZ t
1. Gfv‡e Me© Kiv hv‡e bv †h Ñ 1. wb‡R KZ©vwMwi bv Kiv
K)Avgiv c~Y©Zv jvf K‡iwQ| 2. mK‡ji mv‡_ GKB AvPiY bv Kiv|
L)Avgiv mKj †hvM¨Zv nvwmj K‡iwQ| 3. Dc‡`kB n‡e wb‡`©k Ggb cwi‡ek Mov|
2. AvZ¥ïw×i wZbwU c_ t 4. wb‡`©k ewÂZ|
K. Kv‡gwjqv‡Zi †Kvb mxgv cwimxgv †bB| †kl Dc‡`k t
L. Av`k© gvby‡li Av`k© mvg‡b ivLv| 1. Avjøvni c‡_ A_© e¨‡q Af¨¯Í nDb|
M. ÎæwU ¯^xKviÑ 2. wb‡R gymjgvb nDb, Aci‡KI gymjgvb Kiyb|
i. webq cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ bq 3. Øxb Kv‡q‡g Kg©x©‡`i †c‡ikvwb e„w× Kiyb|
ii. AvšÍwiK ¯^xK…wZi Rb¨| 4. evwZj‡`i mv‡_ †c‡ikvwbi Zzjbv Kiyb|
iii.cwiïw×i Rb¨| we‡ivwaZvi aiYÑ
†Uªwbs †K›`ªmg~‡ni DcKvwiZv t 1. wg_¨v cÖPviYv
K. wk¶vg~jK t 2. Acev` iUv‡bv|
1. KziAvb nv`xm wk¶v| Kviv we‡ivaxZv K‡i t
2. †dKvni AvnKvg wk¶v| 1. ¶gZvmxb‡`i †bZ…e„›`|
3. msMV‡bi cÖ‡qvbxq eB Rvbv| 2. Zv‡`i gZev` cyó cÎcwÎKv|
4. Bmjvgx mgv‡Ri ev¯Íe iƒcvqb| 3. cvðv‡Z¨i bvw¯ÍKMY|
L. Abykxjbg~jK t 4. wewfbœ †Mvgivn `j|
1. ¯^”Q cwi‡e‡k emevm Kiv| 5. wKQy Av‡jgI kvwgj nq|
2. cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZvq ÎæwU `~i Kiv (Gn‡Zmve) †gvKv‡ejvi Dcvq t
3. mKj wPšÍv Øx‡bi Rb¨ †K›`ªxf~Z Kiv| 1. D‡ËwRZ bv nIqv
wb‡Ri Ni mvgjvb t 2. we‡ivax Avwjg‡`i N„bv bv Kiv|
1. wb‡Ri cwievi‡K BmjvgxKxKiY| 3. evwn‡ii we‡ivaxZvi †gvKv‡ejv Avwgi Ki‡eb|
2. wbR mšÍv‡bi cvkvcvwk eÜzi mšÍvb‡KI j¶¨ ivLv| 4. we‡ivaxZvi Rev‡e mxgvjsNb bv Kiv|
ci¯úwiK ms‡kvab I Zvi cš’v t 5. we‡ivaxZv‡K BwZevPK wn‡m‡e †bqv|
K. Kv‡iv cÖwZ Awf‡hvM _vK‡j 6. †hLv‡b Avgv‡`i Kzrmv iwPZ n‡”Q †mLv‡b wb‡R‡`i cwiPq †`qv|
1. Zvovû‡ov bv Kiv I 2. welqwU fvjfv‡e Rvbv| 7. Avwjg‡`i eySv‡bv|

[45]
 Bmjvgx †iu‡bmv Av‡›`vjb-09
†i‡bmuv wK? 2. wki&K wgwkªZ Rv‡nwjqvZ
†i‡bmv divmx kã| Gi A_© nj- beRvMib, c~Y©RvMib, 3. ‰eivM¨ ev`x Rv‡nwjqvZ|
c~bR©b¥, 14 kZK †_‡K 16 kZK ch©šÍ BD‡iv‡c wkí,mvwnZ¨, 4. Bmjvg|
K…wl, AsK kv¯¿ BZ¨vw` †¶‡Î †h f~Zc~e© DbœwZi †Qvqv wb‡f©Rvj Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi ˆewkó¨
†j‡MwQj Zv‡KB mvavibZ †i‡bmuv e‡j| 1. wek¦Rvnv‡bi e¨e¯’vejx GKwU AvKw¯§K NUbvi ev¯Íe cÖKvk
eBwU 3wU fv‡M wef³ t gvÎ, Gi †cQ‡b †Kvb cÖÁv, mw`”Qv I gnvb D‡Ïk¨ Kvh©Kix
†bB|
1. f~wgKv 2. G wek¦ ¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e ˆZix n‡q‡Q, ¯^Z:ù~Z©fv‡e cwiPvwjZ
2. g~j Av‡jvPbv n‡”Q Ges GKw`b ¯^Ztù~Z©fv‡e nVvr †kl n‡q hv‡e|
3. cwiwkó 3. gvbyl GKai‡bi cï; wb‡Ri ˆRe cÖK…wZi `vex c~iY Qvov
f~wgKv t gvby‡li Rxe‡bi Avi †Kvb D‡Ïk¨ ‡bB|
4. gvbyl GKwU A`vwqZ¡kxj cÖvYx| evn¨Z Ggb †Kvb wRwbm †bB
†i‡bmuvÑcybR©vMiY
hvi mvg‡b gvbyl‡K Revew`wn Ki‡Z n‡e|
gyRvwÏ` t †h e¨w³ Øxb‡K bZzb K‡i mÄxweZ I m‡ZR K‡i 5. hveZxq Kvh©vejxi djvdj GB cvw_©e Rxe‡bi MÛx‡ZB
†Zv‡jb| mxgve×|
AÁZvi Kvi‡Y mvaviY gvbyl Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m Ggb wb‡f©Rvj Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi Kzdj
e¨w³‡`i gyRvwÏ` AvL¨v w`‡q‡Q hviv c~‡e©Kvi gbxlx‡`i 1. GB gZev` cvw_©e ¯^v‡_©i †gv‡n gvbyl‡K AÜ K‡i †`q|
Kv‡Ri wbLuyZ ch©v‡jvPbv Ki‡Z A¶g| 2. `ywbqvi Rxe‡bi hZUzKz mgq cvIqv hvq Zv ïay †fvM
wejvwmZvi gva¨‡gB mبenvi Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ K‡i|
ZvR`x` Ñ ms¯‹vi ZvR`x` m¤ú‡K© AwaKvsk †jv‡Ki ¯^”Q 3. e¨w³ ¯^v‡_© wb‡Ri RvwZi `~e©j †kªYxi †jvK‡`i wc‡l †dj‡Z
aviYv †bB| _v‡K Ges †`‡ki mxgvbv †cwi‡q ewn©we‡k¦ RvZxqZvev`,
eZ©gv‡b Avgv‡`i‡K Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi ms¯‹vi I mvgªvR¨ev`, †`k Rq I RvwZ aŸs‡mi iƒ‡c Gi AvZ¥cÖKvk
cyb‡iv¾xe‡b cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡Z n‡jÑ N‡U|
K. fw³-kª×v I A¯úóZvi Øviv †Kvb KvR Kiv Pj‡e bv| wkK© wgwkªZ Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi ˆewkó¨
L. AZxZ BwZnv‡mi cvZvq `„wó wbe× Ki‡Z n‡e| 1. GK †Lv`v bq eis eû †Lv`vq wek¦vmx|
2. GB gZev` †Kvb ˆeÁvwbK cÖgvY wfwËK bq eis wbQK Kíbv
M. weMZ kZvãx‡Z Avgv‡`i †bZ…e„›` KZUv KvR wKfv‡e wbf©i|
K‡i‡Qb Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e| 3. hv‡K Zv‡K †Lv`vi Avm‡b ¯’vb †`q Ges m¤§vb K‡i|
N. Avgiv Zuv‡`i KvR †_‡K KZUzKz jvfevb n‡Z cvwi| O. 4. G aviYv PZzw`©‡K Kíbv I †cŠivwbKZvi GKUv †Z‡jmgvwZ
Zuv‡`i Am¤úbœ KvR †Kvb¸wj Rvb‡Z n‡e| RMZ ˆZix K‡i|
g~j Av‡jvPbv t 5. ÔIwmjvÕ, ÔiƒnvbxÕ, Ôg``Õ, Ôd‡qRÕ, ÔeiKZÕ cÖf„wZ k㸇jvi
my`„k¨ Avei‡Yi Avov‡j Avjøvn I ev›`vi ga¨Kvi hveZxq
g~j c‡q›U 6wU m¤úK©‡K KZ¸‡jv †jv‡Ki mv‡_ Ry‡o †`q|
mvec‡qÈ-36wU wkK© wgwkªZ Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi Kzdj
g~j Av‡jvPbvq 5wU w`KÑ 1. †Lv`vi GKZ¡ev‡`i hveZxq KZ…©Z¡ wewfbœ kw³kvjx †jv‡Ki
1. Bmjvg I Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi Av`wk©K I HwZnvwmK `¦›`¦ g‡a¨ ew›UZ nq|
2. gyRvwχ`i KvR 2. gvby‡li Dci gvby‡li cÖfyZ¡‡K Pvwc‡q †`q|
3. G aviYvi GKRb gykwiK wb‡f©Rvj Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi w`‡KB cv
3. gymwjg RvwZi KwZcq eo gyRvwÏ` I Zv‡`i Kvh©vejx|
evovq|
4. kvn Iqvjx Djøvn †`njfxi Kvh©vejx
‰eivM¨ev`x Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi ˆewkó¨
5. mvB‡q¨` Avn‡g` †ewijfx I kvn BmjgvBj knx` (it) 1. AmvgvwRK gZev`|
6. cwiwkó 2. cvw_©e Aw¯ÍZ¡ gvby‡li Rb¨ KvivMv‡ii kvw¯Í¯^iƒc|
Bmjv‡gi I Rvwnwjqv‡Zi Av`wk©K I HwZnvwmK Ø›Ø 3. gvbyl hZ †ewk c„w_exi mv‡_ m¤úK© ivL‡e, ZZ‡ewk
1. c„w_ex‡Z gvby‡li Rb¨ †h Rxeb e¨e¯’vB iwPZ n‡q‡Q Zvi kvw¯Íjv‡fi AwaKvix n‡e|
4. bvRvZ jv‡fi Rb¨ hveZxq Avb›` D”Qvm, Kvgbv, evmbv †_‡K
ïi n‡e AwZ cªvK„wZK ev ag© m¤úwK©Z welqvewj †_‡K
m¤úK© wQbœ Ki‡Z n‡e|
2. gvbyl wK? gvby‡li gh©v`v wK? `ywbqvi Rxeb e¨e¯’v †Kvb 5. cvw_©e e¯y‘mgwó Ges i³ gvs‡mi m¤ú‡K©i mv‡_ hy³ hveZxq
ai‡bi? Gm‡ei Dci GKwU mgvR e¨e¯’v M‡o D‡V| †mœn-†cÖg-fvjevmv‡K ü`q †_‡K wbwðý K‡i ‡`q|
3. c„w_exi cÖ‡Z¨KwU ag©, gZ I c‡_i GKwU ¯^Zš¿ ‡gŠwjK ‰eivM¨ev`x Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi Kzdj
I ‰bwZK gZev` i‡q‡Q| 1. mr I ag©fxiæ †jvK‡`i‡K `ywbqvi Sv‡gjv gy³ K‡i wbR©bevmx
Rxeb m¤ú‡K© PviwU gZev`: K‡i ‡Zv‡j Ges `yó cÖK…wZi †jvK‡`i Rb¨ c_ cwi¯‹vi K‡i
†`q|
1. wb‡f©Rvj Rv‡nwjqvZ|

[46]
2. RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ AevwÃZ ˆah©¨, mwnòzZv I ˆbivk¨ev`x `„wófswMi 11. `„wóf½x I eyw×Áv‡bi w`K w`‡q c~Y© gymjgvb|
m„wó nq| 12. m~² †_‡K m~²Zi e¨vcv‡i Bmjvg I Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi gv‡S
3. G ˆeivM¨ev`x `k©b gvbe cÖK…wZi wbKU civwRZ n‡j bvbvb
iK‡gi evnvbv Zvjvk Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i| †hgb Kvddviv, cv_©K¨ Kiv|
†`n‡K›`ªxK †cÖg BZ¨vw`| 13. AbymÜvb Pvwj‡q `xN©Kv‡ji RwUj AveZ© †_‡K mZ¨‡K
wb‡f©Rvj Rv‡nwjqvZ †_‡K m„ô gZev` : DwV‡q †bqv|
1. esk cyRv| gvbyl I wek^RMr m¤ú‡K© gyRvwχ`i g‡Z:
2. RvZx cyRv| 1. Avjøvn GB c„w_ex‡Z GKgvÎ mªóv, AvBb`vZv, weavb`vZv
3. RvZxq mvgªvR¨ev`| I kvmbKZ©v | gvbyl c„w_ex‡Z gnvb Avjøvni cÖwZwbwa|
4. GKbvqKZš¿ | 2. Avjøvni c¶ †_‡K bex‡`i gva¨‡g †h Rxeb weavb Zv‡`i
5. cywRev`| Kv‡Q Avm‡e Zv gvb‡Z Zviv eva¨
6. mgvRZš¿| 3. `ywbqv gvby‡li R‡b¨ cix¶vi †¶Î, my²Zi cš’vq gnvb
‰eivM¨ev` †_‡K m„ó gZev`: Avjøvn G cix¶v Ki‡Qb|
1. †e`všÍev` 4. `ywbqvi †Kvb cÖwZ`vbB ev›`vi R‡b¨ PzovšÍ bq|
2. gbyev` 5. K‡g©i Avmj wnmve wbKv‡ki mgq Avm‡e| Zvi bvg
3. ‡cø‡Uvev` Av‡LivZ|
4. ‡hvMev` 6. LyuwUbvwU e¨vcv‡i Bmjvg I Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi gv‡S cv_©K¨
5. ZvmvDd Kivi ¶gZv|
6. Lªxóxq ‰eivM¨ev` bex I gyRvwχ`i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ t
7. ey× gZev` 1. bex Hkx wb‡`©‡k Zuvi c‡_ wbhy³ nb|
Bmjvg t 2. wZwb wb‡Ri wb‡qvM m¤ú‡K© AewnZ _v‡Kb|
PZz_© AwZ cÖK…Z G gZev`wU †ck K‡i‡Qb Avjøvni bexMY- 3. Zuvi wbKU Inx bvwhj nq|
hvi msw¶ßmvi wbgœeiƒc| 4. beyIqv‡Zi `vexi gva¨‡gB wZwb wb‡Ri Kv‡Ri m~Pbv
1. mªóvi cwiPq t mg¯Í ¶gZv c~Y©Zt GKRb gvwjK I K‡ib|
kvm‡Ki nv‡Z †K›`ªxf~Z whwb G mvgªvR¨ m„wó K‡i‡Qb| wZwbB 5. wZwb gvbyl‡K wb‡Ri w`‡K Avnevb K‡ib|
Gi gvwjK GKgvÎ kvmK I cwiPvjK| G mvgªv‡R¨ Avi Kv‡iv 6. Zuvi `vIqvZ MÖnY Kiv ev bv Kivi Dci gvby‡li gywgb I
ûKzg P‡j bv, mevB Zuvi wb‡`©‡ki AbyMZ| Kv‡di nIqv wbf©ikxj|
2.gvby‡li cwiPq t gvbyl‡K c~Y© ¯^vaxbZv †`qv nqwb| gvby‡li wecixZ c‡¶ gyRvwÏ` Gi g‡a¨ GKwUiI AwaKvix bb|
Rb¨ G cvw_©e Rxeb GKwU cix¶vKvj| gyRvwχ`i KvR:
gyRvwχ`i KvR t 1. wb‡Ri cwi‡e‡ki wbfy©j wPÎvsKb
Bmjvg‡K Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi `~wlZ cvwb †_‡K †Qu‡K c„_K K‡i 2. ms¯‹v‡ii cwiKíbv cÖYqb|
wb‡q †Kv‡bv bv †Kvb ch©v‡q Zv‡K Zvi mwZ¨Kvi wb‡f©Rvj 3. wb‡Ri mxgv-cwimxgv wba©viY|
AvK…wZ‡Z cybe©vi AMÖmi Kiv‡bvi cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bvB gyRvwχ`i 4. wPšÍviv‡R¨ wecøe m„wói cÖ‡Póv
KvR| 5. mwµq ms¯‹vi cÖ‡Póv|
gyRvwχ`i msÁv / ‰ewkó¨ Ñ 6. Øx‡bi wewfbœ †¶‡Î BRwZnv` Kivi cÖ‡Póv
1. ¯^”Q wPšÍvi AwaKvix| 7. cÖwZi¶vg~jK cÖ‡Póv
2. mZ¨ Dcjwä Kivi gZ Mfxi `„wóm¤úbœ| 8. Bmjvgx e¨e¯’vi cybiæ¾xeb|
3. eµZv †`vlgy³ mij eyw× e„wˇZ Zuvi g‡bvRMZ cwic~Y©| 9. wek¦Rbxb wecøe m„wó|
4. ga¨gcš’v Aej¤^bKvix Kv‡gj ev Av`k© gyRvwÏ`: cÖ_g wZbwU kZ© gyRvwÏ` nevi Rb¨
5. cÖvwšÍKZvi wec`gy³ n‡q ga¨g cš’v Aej¤^‡bi Acwinvh©| Aewkó 6 wU Acwinvh© bq| Z‡e G ¸‡jvi gv‡S 1 wU,
cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z wb‡Ri fvimvg¨ i¶v Kivi we‡kl 2 wU, 3 wU, 4 wU wefv‡M D‡jøL †hvM¨ Kvh© m¤úv`b Ki‡j wZwb
†hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ| gyRvwÏ` e‡j MY¨ n‡eb| Z‡e †m‡¶‡Î wZwb n‡eb AvswkK
6. kZvãxi c~Äxf~Z I cÖwZwôZ we‡Ølgy³ n‡q wPšÍv Kivi gyRvwÏ`
kw³| gyRvwχ`i msÁv: †h e¨w³ Øxb‡K bZzb K‡i mwÄweZ K‡ib wZwb
7. hy‡Mi weK…Z MwZavivi m‡½ hy× Kivi ¶gZv I mvnm| gyRvwÏ`|
8. †bZ…‡Z¡i Rb¥MZ †hvM¨Zv| gyRvwÏ` I gyZvRvwχ`i gv‡S cv_K¨©:
9. BRwZnv` I cybM©V‡bi A¯^vfvweK ¶gZv |
10. Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© wØavgy³ cwic~Y© Áv‡bi AwaKvix|

[47]
gyZvRvwÏ`: 2. mgKvjxb Ávb weÁv‡b wZwb n‡eb gyRZvwn‡`i b¨vq Mfxi
1. †h e¨w³ †Kvb GKwU bZzb wRwbm Avwe®‹vi K‡i †Rv‡i Ávb m¤úbœ|
†mv‡i Zvi cÖPjb ïi K‡i| 3. Rxe‡bi mKj mgm¨v‡K wZwb fvjfv‡e Dcjwä Ki‡eb|
2. †h e¨w³ wbQK gymjgvb bvgwU evwK †i‡L mgMÖ RvwZ‡K 4. ivR‰bwZK cÖÁv I weP¶YZv I hy×we`¨vq cvi`wk©Zvi w`K
c~Y©iƒ‡c Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi i‡O iwÄZ K‡i †mB gyZvRvwÏ`| w`‡q mgMÖ we‡k¦ wZwb wb‡R‡K †kªô cÖgvwYZ Ki‡eb|
gyRvwÏ`: 5. mKj AvaywbK‡`i PvB‡Z †ekx AvaywbK cÖgvwYZ n‡eb|
Bmjvg‡K Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi `ywlZ cvwb †_‡K gy³ K‡i †Q‡K †g‡n`xi Kv‡Ri aib m¤ú‡K© †jL‡Ki aviYvÑ
c„_K K‡i wb‡q †Kvb bv †Kvb ch©‡q Zv‡K Zvi c~‡e©Kvi 1. Zuvi Kv‡Ri †Kvb As‡k †KivgwZ, A¯^vfvweKZv, Kvkd,
wb‡f©Rvj AvK…wZ‡Z c~Y©evi AMÖmi Kivi cÖ‡Póv Pvjv‡bvB Bjnvg, wPjv I gyRvnv`v gyivKvevi †Kv‡bv
gyRvwχ`i KvR| G w`K w`‡q gyRvwÏ` nb Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi ¯’vb †bB|
e¨vcv‡i K‡Vvi Av‡cvlnxb g‡bvfv‡ei AaxKvix| Rxe‡bi 2. GKRb wecex †bZv‡K †hfv‡e G `ywbqvi Ø›Ø, msMÖvg I
bMb¨Zg As‡k I wZwb Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi Aw¯Í‡Z¡i mg_©K cÖ‡Póvi ch©vq AwZµg Ki‡Z nq, Bgvg †g‡n`x‡K I Abyiƒc
bb|Avi gyRvwÏ`Mb †h KvR K‡ib Zv‡K ejv nq ZvRw`` ev ch©vq AwZµg Ki‡Z n‡e|
ms¯‹vi| 3. wZwb wb‡f©Rvj Bmjv‡gi wfwˇZ GKwU bZzb School
gyRvwχ`i ¸bvewj : of thought M‡o Zzj‡eb|
1. ¯^”Q wPšÍvi AwaKvix| 4. gvby‡li wPšÍv I gvbwmKZvi cwieZ©b Ki‡eb|
2. mZ¨ Dcjw× Kivi gZ Mfxi Áv‡bi AwaKvix nIqv| 5. GKwU wecyj kw³ai Av‡›`vjb M‡o Zzj‡eb|
3. me iKg eµZv †_‡K g‡bvRMZ gy³ nIqv| 6. Av‡›`vjb GKB m‡½ ivR‰bwZK I mvs¯‹…wZK DfqB
4. fvimvg¨ i¶vi †hvM¨Zv AR©b Kiv| nB‡e|
5. wPšÍv Kivi kw³ | 7. GKwU kw³kvjx Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôv Ki‡eb|
6. hy‡Mi weK…Z MwZavivi m‡½ Av‡cvm bv Kivi mvnm I kw³ bex‡`i wgkb:
_vKv| 1. hviv ‰eivM¨ev‡`i g‡a¨ hyw³ †`Lvq Zviv ivóª ¶gZvi
7. ‡bZ…‡Z¡i Rb¥MZ †hvM¨Zv| cÖ‡qvRb g‡b K‡ibv|
8. BR‡Znv` I c~b© MV‡bi A¯^vfvweK ¶gZv| 2. wKš‘ hviv `vwe K‡i `ywbqvi e¨e¯’v cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ Zv‡`i
9. Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© Mfxi Áv‡bi AwaKvix nIqv| we‡kl e¨e¯’v i‡q‡Q hvi Abymi‡bi g‡a¨ gvbeZvi gyw³ I
whwb Dc‡iv³ 9wU Kvh© mwVK fv‡e mgvav Ki‡Z cvi‡eb Kj¨vY i‡q‡Q Zv‡`i
wZwbB Kvwgj gyRvwÏ` | KZ…‡Z¡i PvweKvwV n¯ÍMZ Kivi R‡b¨ cÖ‡Pôv Pvjv‡bv Qvov Ab¨
GLb ch©šÍ †Kvb Kvwgj gyRvwχ`i Avwf©eve nqwb| Z‡e Igi †Kvb Dcvq †bB|
web Avãyj AvwRR G gh©v`vq cÖwZwôZ n‡Z hvw Q‡jb wKšÍy 3. wb‡Ri bKkv †K Kvh©Ki Kivi R‡b¨ kw³ AR©b bv Kiv
wZwb mdj Kvg n‡Z cv‡ibwb| ch©šÍ Zvi bKkv RM†Z ev¯Íevqb n‡Z cv‡ibv|
G c„w_we‡Z GKRb Kvwgj gyRvwÏ` Avm‡eb wZwb n‡jb nhiZ 4. RM‡Z weRxZ kw³i bxwZ Abymv‡i Ávb weÁvb, wPšÍv, wkí-
Bgvg †g‡nw` (Av:) Zvi †bZ…‡Z¡B Avevi G †MvUv c„w_we‡Z mvwnZ¨,‰bwZK PwiÎ, wk¶v-e¨e¯’v, A_© e¨e¯’v, BZ¨vw`
Bmjvg c~b© cÖwZwôZ n‡e| mewKQyi KvVv‡gv M‡o I†V|
Bgvg †g‡nw` †Kgb n‡eb : 5. †h Av`‡k©i nv‡Z ivóª e¨e¯’vi ¶gZv †bB RM†Zi †Kv_vI
Bgvg †g‡n`x t Zvi Rb¨ GKUzI ¯’vb †bB | weRqx mf¨Zvi mgyn Kg© RMZ
cÖPwjZ aviYv t †_‡K `y‡i m‡i c‡i| Zvi e¨cv‡i `yi `„wó fw½i AwaKvix
1. Bgvg †g‡n`x cyivZb hy‡Mi †Kvb mydx ai‡bi †jvK n‡eb| e¨w³‡`i g‡bI G c×wZ `ywbqvq Pj‡Z cv‡i wKbv †m e¨vcv‡i
2. Zmwen nv‡Z wb‡q AK¯§vr †Kvb gv`ivmv ev LvbKvn †_‡K m‡›`n Rv‡M|
†ei n‡q ÔAvbvj †gn`xÕ AvwgB †g‡n`x e‡j PZzw`©‡K †NvlYv 6. Kv‡RB ûKzg‡Z Gjvwnqv Kv‡qg K‡i †Lv`vi Zid †_‡K
K‡i †`‡eb| bexMb †h e¨e¯’v wb‡q G‡m wQ‡jb Zv‡K cy‡ivcywi ev¯Íevqb
3. Ijvgv kvqLMY wKZve c‡Îi mv‡_ wgwj‡q wbwðZ Ki‡eb KivB wQj bex‡`i wgk‡bi PzovšÍ j¶¨|
I evBqvZ n‡eb| 7. Rv‡nwjqvZ cwš’‡`i Zviv GZUzKz AwaKvi w`‡Z cÖ¯Z Í
4. wRnv‡`i WvK w`‡eb Ges †`vqv-`iæ`-†R‡Ki- Zmweni wQ‡jb †h, B”Qv Ki‡j Zviv Rv‡nwj AvwK`v wek¦v‡mi Dci
†Rv‡i hy× Rq n‡e| cÖwZwôZ _vK‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ KZ©…‡Z¡i PvweKvwV Zv‡`i nv‡Z
†jL‡Ki aviYv (Abyaveb) Zz‡j †`qv hv‡ebv|
1. Zuvi wb‡Ri hy‡Mi m¤ú~Y© AvaywbK ai‡bi †bZv n‡eb| 8. G Rb¨B cÖ‡Z¨K bex ivR‰bwZK wecøe m„wói †Póv
K‡i‡Qb|

[48]
bex‡`i KvR: 2. nhiZ Bgvg Avey nvwbdv | Rb¥ 80 wnRix g~Zz¨ 150
1. mvavib gvby‡li gv‡S wPšÍvi wecøe m„wó Kiv| wb‡f©Rvj wnRix|
BmjvwgK `„wófsMx, wPšÍv cØwZ, I ‰bwZK wfwË Zv‡`i 3. Bgvg gv‡jK (i:) | Rb¥ 95 wnRix g~Zz¨ 179 wnRix|
gv‡S ‰Zix Kiv| 4. Bgvg kv‡dqx (i:)| Rb¥ 150 wnRix g~Zz¨ 240 wnRix |
2. G wk¶vq cÖfvweZ †jvK‡`i GKwU kw³kvjx `j ‰Zix 5. Bgvg Avng` web nv¤^j (i:)| Rb¥ 164 wnRix g~Zz¨ 214
K‡i Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi nvZ †_‡K KZ…Z¡ wQwb‡q †bqvi e¨e¯’v wnRix|
Kiv| 6. Bgvg Mv¾vjx (i:)| Rb¥ 540 wnRix g~Zz¨ 505 wnRix|
3. Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôv K‡i Zvi mKj wefv‡M wb‡f©Rvj 7. Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv (i:)| Rb¥ 661 wnRix g~Zz¨ 728
Bmjvg cÖwZôv Kiv Ges Zvi cÖfve we‡k¦ Qwo‡q †`qv| wnRix|
Ab¨w`‡K bZzb‡`i †K Bmjv‡gi gvbwmK I ‰bwZK wk¶v 8. kvqL Avng` wmiwn›` (i:)| Rb¥ 975 wnRix g~Zz¨ 1034
†`qv| wnRix|
4. cÖ‡Z¨K bexB ivR‰bwZK wecøe m„wói ‡Póv K‡i‡Qb| G 9. kvn Iqvjx Djøvn †`njfx (i:)| Rb¥ 1114 wnRix g~Zz¨
†¶‡Î ïi K‡i‡Qb nhiZ Beªvwng (Av:) Avi †kl 1176 wnRix|
K‡i‡Qb nhiZ †gvnv¤§` (m:)| 10. mvB‡q` Avng` †eijfx (i:)| Rb¥ 1201 wnRix g~Zz¨
†Ljvd‡Z iv‡k`v 1246 wnRix |
1. nhiZ gynv¤§` (m.) †ZBk eQi beyqvZx wR‡›`Mx‡Z †h kvnIqvjxDjøvn †`njfx (it) Gi Kvh©vejxÑ `yÕfv‡M wef³Ñ
mg¯Í KvR c~Y©iƒ‡c m¤úv`b K‡ib| 1. mgv‡jvPbv I ms‡kvabg~jK
2. Avey eKi wmwÏK (iv.) I Igi dviyK (iv.) Gi †bZ…Z¡| 2. MVbg~jK
3. Dmgvb (iv.) Gi kvmbvg‡ji 1g w`KKvi mgq| mvB‡q¨` Avng` †ewijfx (it) I BmgvCj knx` (it) Gi
Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi AvµgY Av‡›`vjb e¨_© nevi KviY-
1. nhiZ Dmgvb (ivt) wki w`‡qI Rv‡nwjqvZ‡K cÖwZnZ 1. ZvmvD‡di e¨vcv‡i gymjgvb‡`i †ivM cy‡ivcywi Abyaveb
Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb| Ki‡Z cv‡ib wb|
2. nhiZ Avjx (ivt) knx` n‡q‡Qb wKšÍ Rv‡nwjqvZ 2. †h GjvKvq Ae¯’vb K‡i wRnv` cwiPvjbv K‡ib Ges
AcmvwiZ nqwb| †hLv‡b Bmjvgx ûKzgvZ Kv‡qg K‡ib, †m GjvKvwU c~e© †_‡K
3. ‰¯^ivPvi Avi ivRZ‡š¿i aviKiv ¶gZv `Lj K‡i †bq| G wecø‡ei Rb¨ fvjfv‡e cÖ¯ÍZ K‡ibwb|
4. Rv‡nwjqvZ K¨vÝv‡ii b¨vq mgv‡R Qwo‡q c‡o| 3. AvaywbK Ávb-weÁv‡b AbMÖmiZv|
5. Rv‡nwjqvZ Ijvgv-gvkv‡qLMY‡K ‰eivM¨ev`x K‡i cwiwkó:
†Zv‡j| †jLK G Ask †K 6wU fv‡M fvM K‡i‡Qb |
gyRvwχ`i cÖ‡qvRb t 1. ZvRw`‡`i cÖK…wZ I Bgvg †g‡n`x |
K. Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi nvZ †_‡K gy³ nIqvi Rb¨, 2. Kvkd I Bmjv‡gi Zvrch© Ges gyRv‡Ï‡`i `vex|
L. Øx‡bi ev¯Íe cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨| 3. ZvmvDd I kv‡q‡L a¨vb Kiv|
gymwjg RvwZi K‡qKRb gyRvwÏ`: 4. GKwU wg_¨v †`vlv‡ivc I Zvi Reve|
1. nhiZ Igi web Avãyj AvwRR| Rb¥ 61 wnRix g~Zy¨ 101 5. ‡g‡n`xi AvjvgZ I Bmjvgx e¨e¯’vq Zvi m¦iƒc|
wnRix| 6. ‡g‡n`x mgm¨v|

[49]
 Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb I msMVb-10

Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi cwiwa 3. KziAvb I mybvœ n wfwËK AvbyMZ¨|

1. `vIqvZ Bjvjøvn 4. Gi cÖv_wgK mvavib I e„nËi Kg©‡ÿÎ |
2. kvnv`vZ Avjvb bvm AvbyM‡Z¨i c‡_ AšÍivq wK wK?
3. wKZvj wd mvwewjøvn& 1. ciKv‡ji Revew`wni Abyf~wZi Afve
4. BKvg‡Z Øxb 2. Av‡Liv‡Zi Zzjbvq `ywbqv‡K cÖvavb¨ †`Iqv
5. Avgi wej gviæd Iqv ‡bwn Avwbj gybKvi 3. `vwq‡Z¡i h_v_© Abyf~wZi Afve
msMV‡bi Dcv`vb 4. Me©, AnsKvi,AvZ¥c~Rv
1. Av`k©, D‡Ïk¨,jÿ¨,Kg©m~wP,Kg©c×wZ 5. ü`‡qi eµZv
2. †bZ…Z¡ 6.AvšÍ‡ii wØav-Øš^ I msmq-m‡›`‡ni cÖebZv
3. Kg©xevwnbx AvbyMZ¨nxbZvi cwibvg wK?
4. Kg©‡ÿÎ 1. Avgj bó nIqv
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi Dcv`vb 2. Kweiv ¸bvn
1. KziAvb mybœvn wfwËK Av`k©, D‡Ïk¨, jÿ¨, Kg©m~Px I 3. †n`v‡qZ †_‡K ewÂZ nIqv
Kg©c×wZ| 4. msMV‡bi g‡a¨ wek„•Ljv m„wó
2. KziAvb I mybœvni Abymvix †bZ…Z¡ | 6. AvbyMZ¨nxb g„Z¨y Rvwnwjqv‡Zi g„Z¨y

gReyZ Bgvb-11
Cgvb A_© wek^&m| †h wel‡q mivmwi Ávb †bB A_P †mB wel‡q wkiK Pvi cÖKvit h_v-
wm×všÍ wb‡Z n‡”Q ZLb c‡ivÿ Áv‡bi gva¨‡g †h wm×všÍ †bIqv 1. wkiK wdm RvZ ev ¯^Z¡vi mv‡_ kixK Kiv
nq GiB bvg wek^vm| 2. wkiK wdm wmdvZ ev ¸bvewji mv‡_ kixK Kiv
D`vniYt g„Z¨yi cieZ©x Rxeb| 3. wkiK wdj ûKzK ev AwaKv‡ii mv‡_ kixK Kiv
wek^v‡mi wZb Ae¯’v| h_v- 4. wkiK wdj BLwZqvivZ ev ÿgZvi mv‡_ kixK Kiv|
1. BwZevPK wek^vm
2. †bwZevPK wek^vm I Zv¸Z wK?
3. m‡›`n Zv¸Z A_© mxgvj•NbKvix|
D`vniYt KvD‡K UvKv avi †`Iqvi welq| bv †`‡L wek^vm Kwi bv : Zv¸Z 5 cÖKvi| h_v-
gywóe× Pvwei D`vniY| 1. bdm I nvIqv
gReyZ Cgv‡bi kZ© wK? 2. kixqZ we‡ivax cÖPwjZ Kz-cÖ_v I mvgvwRK Ky-cÖ_v
2wU kZ©| h_v- 3. kvmb kw³
1. wkiKgy³ Cgvb ev wb‡f©Rvj ZvInx` 4. wiwhK eÜ Kivi fq
2. Cgv‡bi `vwe`vi‡K Zv¸‡Zi Kvwdi n‡Z n‡e| 5. AÜfv‡e †g‡b Pjvi `vwe`vi kw³ ( AvZ ZvIev-31

[50]
 Bmjvgx mgvR wecø‡ei aviv-12

GB gnvMÖš’ iPbvi Aciv‡a mvB‡q¨` KzZze knx`‡K Z`vwbšÍb Rb¨ Avjøvn wK wK wewa wb‡la bvwhj K‡i‡Qb Zv AeMZ
wgki miKvi 1966 m‡ji 25 †k AvMó g„Zy¨`Û †`q| nIqvi Rb¨ cweÎ †KviAv‡bi w`‡K g‡bv‡hvMx
Bmjvg‡K c~b©v½ Rxeb weavb wn‡m‡e cÖwZôvi Av‡›`vj‡b n‡qwQ‡jb|
mwµqfv‡e Ask MÖnbKvix †`i R‡b¨ eB Lvwb AwZe ‡cÖiYvi 3. ivm~j (m.) Gi hy‡M †h e¨w³ Cgvb Avb‡Zb wZwb
Drm wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡e| Zv¸‡Zi weiƒ‡× wKfv‡e wRnv` Rv‡nwjqv‡Zi mv‡_ mgMÖ m¤úK© wQbœ Ki‡Zb|
Ki‡Z Ges Cgv‡bi cixÿvq e¨w³i Rvb I gvj Zz”Q n‡q hvq wRnv‡`i ˆewkó 4wUt
Zvi g‡bvÁ eb©bvq eB Lvwb fic~i| eB Lvwb gymwjg wgjøvZ 1. wRnv` cwiPvwjZ nq cÖwZwôZ mgvR e¨e¯’v cwieZ©b
†K msMÖvgx †PZbvq DØy× K‡i Cgvwb ØvwqZ¡ cvj‡b Kvh©Ki mva‡bi Rb¨|
fv‡e mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| 2. GUv GKwU ev¯ÍegyLx Av‡›`vjb hv av‡c av‡c G‡q hvB|
mvnvev‡q ‡Kiv‡gi mgZzj¨ †jvK †`Lv hvB bv †Kb? Ges cÖ‡Z¨K av‡c Zvi Pvwn`v †gvZv‡eK DcKib msMÖn
1. cweÎ †KviAvb †_‡K mvnvev‡q †Kivg Zv‡`I wccvlv `~i K‡i †bq I cieZ©x av‡ci Rb¨ †ÿÎ cÖ¯Z Í K‡i|
K‡i‡Qb| Ges GKgvÎ †KviAv‡bi Qvu‡PB Zviv Zv‡`i 3. G Av‡›`jb †Kvb Ae¯’vqB Zvi g~j jÿ¨ †_‡K Pzj
Rxeb M‡o Zz‡jwQ‡jb| cwigvbI weP¨yZ nq bv|
2. Zviv ms¯‹…wZ Z_¨ A_ev Ávb wccvlv cwiZ…wßi D‡Ï‡k¨ 4. Bmjvg MÖn‡b evuav cÖ`vbKvix g„Z¨yeib A_ev ek¨Zv
†KviAvb Aa¨vqb K‡ibwb| Ges wb‡R‡`i I mgMÖ `jwUi wkKvi Kiv ch©šÍ jovB Aweigfv‡e Pj‡Z _vK‡e|

fv½v I Mov-13
fywgKv :- fviZ wefv‡Mi c~e©v‡ý c~e©-cvÄv‡e ‡h mv¤cÖ`vwqK `v½v Ges KZUzKz M‡o †mw`‡K wZwb Zx¶è `„wó iv‡Lb| hZ¶b ch©šÍ
msNwUZ nq Zvi wZb gvm c~‡e© 1947 mv‡ji 10 †g cvVvb †Kv‡Ui Zviv fv½vi †P‡q Mov‡Z _v‡K †ewk Ges Zv‡`i ‡P‡q †ekx M‡o I
`viæj Bmjv‡g AbywôZ mvaviY mfvq mvB‡q` Aveyj Avjv gI`~`x Kg fv‡½ Ggb †KD Kg©‡¶‡Î _v‡K bv| ZZ¶b ch©šÍ Avjøvn
(i:) cÖ`Ë e³„Zv| Zv‡`i mg¯Í †`vl-ÎæwU m‡Ë¡I `ywbqv cwiPvjbvi ¶gZv Zv‡`i
cÖwZcv`¨ welq:- nv‡ZB iv‡Lb| wKš‘ hLb Zviv M‡o Kg Ges fv‡½ †ekx, ZLb
1. mªóvi GB my›`i c„w_ex‡K asmvZ¥K Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g bv Avjøvn Zv‡`i‡K ¶gZvPz¨Z K‡i _v‡Kb|
fvw½‡q MVbg~jK Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g Mwo‡Z †`kevmx‡K DØy× mgvR fv‡½ †Kb?
K‡ib, Ges hv‡`i MVbg~jK Kv‡Ri ‡hvM¨Zv †ekx, 1. Avjøvn‡K fq bv Kiv
cÖvK…wZK wbq‡gi MwZavivq Zv‡`i nv‡ZB †h KZ©…Z¡ 2. Avjøvni weavb †g‡b bv Pjv
Avwm‡e, Avjøvni †mB kvk¦Z weavb I ¯§ib KivBqv †`b| 3. ¯^v_©ciZv
2. D³ e³„Zv cyw¯ÍKvKv‡i- ÒevbvI AvIi weMviÓ bv‡g D`©~ 4. RoZv A_ev wec`MvwgZv
fvlvq cÖKvwkZ nBqv‡Q| cÖ_g n‡”Q t Avjøvn‡K fq bv Kiv| GUvB `ywbqvq me iK‡gi
3. evsjv fvlvq Bnv Òfv½v I MovÓ bv‡g cÖKvwkZ nBqv‡Q| Ab¨vq, AwePvi, wbôziZv, wek¦vmNvZKZv I hveZxq `ybx©wZi g~j|
gyj eB t- Avjøvni cÖksmv Av`vq K‡i gIjvbv gI`~`x (i:) wØZxq n‡”Q t Avjøvni weavb †g‡b bv Pjv| GwUB gvby‡li R‡b¨
Zvi e³„Zv ïi K‡ib| †Kvb e¨vcv‡iB AbymiY‡hvM¨ ¯’vqx ‰bwZK weavb Aewkó iv‡Lwb|
mg‡eZ f`ªgÛjx I gwnjve„›`, wZwb A‡bK ¸‡jv K_v ejvi ci GiB e‡`Šj‡Z e¨w³, `j I RvwZi mg¯Í Kg©aviv ¯^v_©c~Rv, †fvM-
GK_vI e‡jb ‡h, Avjvn Mov cQ›` K‡ib Ges fv½v cQ›` K‡ib wejvm I Kvgbv-jvjmvi `vm‡Z¡i Aaxb n‡q ‡M‡q‡Q| GiB d‡j
bv| †h mg¯Í †jvK `ywbqv cwiPvjbvi ¶gZv jvf Ki‡Z Pvq Zv‡`i Zviv wb‡R‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨i g‡a¨ ‰ea I A‰ea cv_©K¨ K‡i bv|
†fZi †_‡K †KejgvÎ ZvivB Avjøvni `„wó‡Z †hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ nq, Z„Zxq n‡”Q t ¯^v_©ciZv| GiB Kvi‡Y gvbyl ci¯ú‡ii AwaKvi
hviv G `ywbqv‡K Movevi †hvM¨Zv Ab¨ mevi †P‡q †ekx iv‡L| niY K‡i| Ggb wK e¨vcKfv‡e Lv›`vbx I
Giæc †hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ †jvK‡`i‡KB wZwb `ywbqv cwiPvjbvi `vwqZ¡ RvZxq AwfRvZ¨ Ges †kªbx we‡Ø‡li m„wó nq| Ges G‡_‡K bvbvb
Ac©b K‡i _v‡Kb| AZ:ci Gme ¶gZvmxb †jv‡Kiv KZUzKz fv‡½ †dZbv I wech©‡qi D™¢e nq|
[51]
 PZz_© n‡”Q t RoZv A_ev wec`MvwgZv, Gi `iæb Avjøvn cÖ`Ë wØZxq n‡”Q t Avjøvni weavb Abyhvqx Rxeb Rvcb Kiv, gvby‡li
kw³ I ¶gZv nq‡Zv †Kvb Kv‡R e¨enviB K‡i bv, wKsev Zvi cÖbqb Kiv ‰bwZK e¨e¯’v, K_v ejvi mgq e¨envi K‡i| ‡hgb
Ace¨envi K‡i A_ev Avjøvn cÖ`Ë Dcvq-Dcv`vb‡K Kv‡RB jvMvq †jLK Zvi eB‡q bxwZi K_v wj‡L, ev¯Íe Rxe‡b ¯^Zš¿ bxwZ
bv wKsev AKv‡R jvMvq| cÖ_g Ae¯’vq Avjøvn G‡nb Ac`v_© I Aej¤^b K‡i _v‡K| A‡b¨i Kv‡Q `vex Kivi mgq GK bxwZ, Zvi
Ajm †jvK‡`i‡K †ekx w`b `ywbqvq ¶gZvmxb _vK‡Z †`b bv eis wb‡Ri Kv‡Q A‡b¨i `vex †c‡ki bxwZ Ab¨ iKg| ZvB gvby‡li
Zv‡`i e`‡j hviv wKQy bv wKQy MVbg~jK KvR K‡i Zv‡`i‡K ¶gZv e¨w³MZ, mgwóMZ, RvZxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK KvR Kviev‡i ‰bwZK
†`b| Pwi‡Îi wPišÍb wbqg bxwZ Abyhvqx cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ Avjøvni
mgvR Movi Dcv`vb wK wK? weav‡bi Abyhvqx Rxeb Rvcb Kiv GKgvÎ c_|
1. Avjøvn‡K fq Kiv Z„Zxq n‡”Q t gvbeZvi e¨e¯’v, G‡Z e¨w³MZ, RvZxq, eskxq
2. Avjøvni weavb Abyhvqx Rxeb Rvcb Kiv mv¤cÖ`vwqK ¯^v_©ciZvi cwie‡Z© mg¯Í gvby‡li mgvb gh©v`v I mgvb
3. gvbeZvi e¨e¯’v AwaKvi _vK‡e| Gi †fZi Ah_v ‰elg¨, DPy-bxPz, AcweÎZvi
4. mr KvR aviYv, K…wÎg †Muvovgx I c¶cvwZZ¡ _vK‡e bv| G‡Z meviB DbœwZ
cÖ_g n‡”Q t Avjøvn‡K fq Kiv, gvbyl‡K Amr c_ †_‡K weiZ I cÖMwZi my‡hvM myweav _vK‡e| `ywbqvi me gvbyl mgvbfv‡e wg‡j
_vKvi Rb¨ Avjøvn‡K fq KivB n‡”Q GKgvÎ nvwZqvi| Giƒc wg‡k _vK‡Z cv‡i, Ggb e¨vcK n‡Z n‡e G e¨e¯’v|
myMwVZ PwiÎ ïay mxgveØ fv‡eB bq, e¨vcKfv‡eB hveZxq PZz_© n‡”Q t mr KvR, Gi gv‡b n‡”Q Avjøvn cÖ`Ë kw³ I Dcvq
Kg©Kv‡Ûi Ici cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i| Dcv`vb‡K c~Y©iƒ‡c I mwVKfv‡e Kv‡R jvMv‡bv|

GKwU Av`©kev`x `‡ji cZ‡bi KviY I Zvi †Z‡K evPvui Dcvq-14

c«Kvk‡Ki K_v: 3. cÖwZc‡ÿi kZ wbh©vZb wb‡®úl‡b Zviv wKQz‡ZB `wgZ

eBwU 1998 mv‡j c«_g c«KvwkZ | Bmjvgx mgvR e¨e¯’v n‡e bv|
c«wZôv Kivi Rb¨ `iKvi GKwU Av`k©ev`x gReyZ msMVb| G 4. G `‡ji †bZv Kg©xiv nq wbf©xK mvnmx I ah©¨kxj|
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cZ‡biI Aek¨B wKQz KviY i‡q‡Q, hv Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖwZwU Acwinvh©|
Kg©xi Rvbv DwPZ| 6. G `‡ji Kg©xiv MwZkxj n‡e|
Av`k©ev`x `j:
c«wZwôZ mgvR e¨e¯’v mg~‡j DrcvwUZ K‡i Zvi ¯’‡j m¤ú~Y©
wfbœ K‡i GK mgvR e¨e¯’v c«wZôv Ki‡Z n‡j GKwU Av`k©
‡e‡Q wb‡Z nq| Gi mv‡_ c…_K wPšÍvavivI _v‡K| G wPšÍv I `viƒj Bmjvg U«v÷ MVb I Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi j‡¶¨ `j
Av`‡k©i mv‡_ hviv mKj w`K ‡_‡K GKgZ ‡cvlY K‡i Zviv MV‡bi cUf~wg iPbv:
GKwU `j MVb K‡i | G‡K ejv nq GKwU Av`k©ev`x `j| 1937 mv‡j Avjøvgv BKevj nvq`ªvev` ‡_‡K cvÄv‡e wnRiZ
1. G `j Bmjvgx n‡Z cv‡i ,Bmjvgx we‡ivax I n‡Z cv‡i Kivi R‡b¨ gvIjvbv gI`~`x‡K AvnŸvb K‡ib| Avjøvgv BKevj
2. mgvR wecø‡ei Rb¨ Av`‡k©i Quv‡P e¨w³ MVb Avek¨K| ZiRygvbyj KyiAv‡bi gva¨‡g gvIjvbv ¸bgy» n‡q c‡owQ‡jb|
3. `‡ji ‡bZv Kg©x‡`i n‡Z nq wbf©xK, mvnmx I ‰ah©kxj| Amy¯’Zv I kvwiixK `ye©jZvi Kvi‡Y wZwb KLb mvB‡q¨`
we‡kl K‡i ‡bZv‡K n‡Z nq MwZkxj, `~i`k©x, bvwRi wbqvhx Ges KLbI wgqv †gvnv¤§` kwd‡K w`‡q
mgmvgwqK mKj mgm¨v m¤ú‡K© c~Y© m‡PZb Ges Pig ZiRygvbyj KziAvb cov‡Zb Ges gb‡hvM w`‡q ïb‡Zb| wVK
msKU g~û‡Z© mwVK wm×všÍ M«nbKvix | GB mg‡q ˆRwbK AemicÖvß Gm.wW.I †PŠayix wbqvR Avjx
4. G `‡ji Pig I cig j¶¨ n‡jv Avjøvni mš‘wó AR©b | Zvi lvU-mËi GKi Rwg Bmjv‡gi †L`g‡Zi Rb¨ IqvK&d
5. evsjv‡`k RvgvqvZ Bmjvgx GKwU Av`k©ev`x `j| G K‡iwQ‡jb| †mLv‡b wewfbœ ai‡bi cvKv Nievox ˆZix K‡i
`‡ji m~Pbv Awef³ fvi‡Z 1941 mv‡j| we‡kl cwiKíbvi Aax‡b w`‡bi e„nËi †L`g‡Zi Awfjvlx
Av`k©ev`x `‡ji Kgx©‡`i ˆewkó¨ wK wK? wZwb wQ‡jb| G e¨vcv‡i Avjøvgv BKev‡ji civgk© PvB‡j wZwb
1. Av`k©ev`x `‡ji Kg©xiv mgvR wewbg©v‡bi Rb¨ msMÖv‡gi GKgvÎ gvIjvbv gI`~`x‡KB G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ h_v‡hvM¨ e¨w³
c~‡e© †m Av`‡k©i Quv‡P AvZ¥MVb Ki‡e| g‡b K‡ib| gvIjvbv gI`~`x W. BKev‡ji Aby‡iv‡a Zvi mv‡_
2. ‡m Av`k© ev¯Íevqb‡K Zv‡`i Rxe‡bi jÿ¨ I wgkb we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbvi ci G Kv‡Ri `vwqZ¡ MÖnb Ki‡Z ivwR nb
wn‡m‡e MÖnb Ki‡e Ges Zvi Rb¨ AKvZ‡i Rxeb w`‡ZI Ges wPiw`‡bi R‡b¨ nvq`ªvev` cwiZ¨vM K‡i 1938 mv‡ji
cÖ¯‘Z _vK‡e| 16-B gvP© c~e© cvÄv‡ei cvVvb‡KvU bvgK ¯’v‡b wnRiZ K‡ib|
AZci `viæj Bmjvg bv‡g GKUv Uªv÷ MVb K‡i Zvi gnvb
Kv‡Ri m~Pbv K‡ib|
[52]
 weK…wZ I cZ‡bi KviY¸‡jv wb¤œiæc:
KwZcq ÒDb¥v‡`iÓ cÖ‡qvRb: Db¥v` gv‡b †`Iqvbv ev cvMj| 1. `‡ji j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨‡K Rxe‡bi j¶¨ I D‡Ïk¨ wn‡m‡e
mg‡q `y`©všÍ Kzdix kw³i cÖf‚Z¡ KZ…©Z¡ †`Lvi ciI †h e¨vw³ M«nb bv Kiv|
`viæj Bmjvg Kv‡q‡gi Rb¨ gq`v‡b †b‡g co‡e †mB Aek¨B 2. KyiAvb nv`xm I Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨ Aa¨qb bv Kiv |
Db¥v`| Db¥v‡`iv Av¸i wb‡q †Lj‡Z PvB| wek^m Kiæb,evwR 3. mgq I Avw_©K Kyievbxi c«wZ Ae‡njv |
cÖvq †n‡i †MwQ Ges gq`vb nvZQvov n‡q‡M‡Q G Ae¯’vq 4. `jxq g~jbxwZ ‡g‡b bv Pjv |
†gvKv‡ejvi Rb¨ gq`v‡b `vov‡bv Db¥v‡`iB KvR| Ggb Db¥v` 5. Bbmvd c«wZôv bv Kiv|
‡h ‡R‡b-ey‡S Av¸‡b Svuc w`‡Z cª¯‘Z| 6. åvZ…Z¡‡ev‡ai Afve|
GLb hviv Db¥v` Zviv fvj K‡i †R‡b ey‡S ivLyb †h,Gi 7. wbgœwjwLZ Kvi‡Y cvi®úwiK m¤úK© webó nq t
cwibvg n‡e cÖK„Z c‡ÿ GB †h Rwgb I Avmgv‡bi cÖwZwU (K) cvi®úwiK wnsmv we‡Øl|
ÿz`ªvwZÿz`ª e¯‘ Avcbvi‡`i `ymgb n‡q co‡e Ges mKj Kzdix (L) MxeZ,ciwb›`v I ciPP©v|
kw³ I Avcbv‡`i KI‡gi gybv‡dKiv HK¨ e× n‡q Avcbv‡`i (M) cik«xKvZiZv|
wb‡®úwlZ Kivi †Pôv Ki‡e| KviY Zv‡`i ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ (N) G‡K Aci‡K m‡›`‡ni ‡Pv‡L ‡`Lv |
hZB gZwe‡iva _vKbv †Kb, `viæj Bmjvg kãwU Zv‡`i (O) Kv‡iv wec‡` Avc‡` Zvi ‡LvuR-Lei bv ‡bqv|
wbK‡U mgvb P¨v‡jÄ Ges G a¨vb aviYv Zviv †KDB ei`vkZ (P) ci®úi ‰elwqK ¯^v‡_© SMov weev‡` wjß nIqv
Ki‡Z cv‡ibv| (Q) Ah_v Kv‡iv c«wZ Ky-aviYv ‡cvlY Kiv|
8. wbgœwjwLZ Kvi‡Y GKwU Bmjvgx `j Zvi c«K…Z cwiPq
Rvgvqv‡Zi KvR wK ? nvwi‡q ‡d‡j Ges wbwµq I c«vYnxb n‡q c‡o|
`viyj Bmjvg Uªvm MV‡bi ci gvIjvbv Zvi wRnv`x †cÖiYv`vqK (K) K…Z kc_ c~iY bv Kiv|
fvl‡b e‡jb- (L) wbqwgZ `vIqvZx KvR bv Kiv|
ÒGLb †m mgq G‡m †M‡Q hLb Avgv‡`i‡K gymjgvb _vKv bv _vKvi (M) gvwmK BqvbZ wbqwgZ bv †`Iqv|
(N) msMV‡bi Wv‡K mKj KvR cwinvi K‡I wbw`©ó mg‡q
PzovšÍ dqmvjv Ki‡Z n‡e hw` Avgiv gymjgvb _vK‡Z PvB,Zvn‡j
h_v¯’v‡b nvwRi bv nIqv|
Avgv‡`i‡K Avgv‡`i Avcb cwi‡ek Ges Zvici †MvUv `ywbqv‡K (O) cÖwZ gyn~‡Z© †Lv`vi fq Ges Av‡Liv‡Zi Revew`wni
`viæj Bmjvg evbvevi msKí wb‡q gq`v‡b bvg‡Z n‡e Ges Zvi Abyf~wZ g‡bi g‡a¨ RvMÖZ bv _vKv|
R‡b¨ †`ngb wewj‡q †`qvi cy‡ivcywi SywK wb‡Z n‡e| Avgiv hw` 9. Rbkw³i g‡a¨ ‰bivk¨ I nZvkv m…wó nIqv|
GZUzKz wn¤§Z I mvnwmKZv †`Lv‡Z bv cvwi, Zvn‡j Bmjvg †_‡K 10. ‡bZ…‡Z¡i Awfjvl|
wPiw`b `~‡i _vKvi R‡b¨ ˆZix _vKv DwPZ| KviY RvZxqZvi 11. A_©-m¤ú‡`i c«wZ jvjmv |
12. Rxeb gvb DbœZ Kivi c«eYZv|
wfwˇZ †h MbZvwš¿K ag©nxb ivóª weªwUk kvm‡bi Mf© †_‡K Rb¥ jvf 13. mnR mij Rxeb hvcb bv Kiv|
Ki‡Z hv‡”Q Zvi cwibvg n‡e gymjgvb GK me©e¨vwc ms¯‹…wZ I 14. ‡bZ…‡Z¡i `ye©jZv|
wPšÍvavivi ‡¯ªv‡Z Z…Y L‡Ûi b¨vq †f‡m hv‡e hv AvwK`vn I Avgj 15. evBZzjgvj m¤ú‡K© AvgvbZ`vixi Afve Ges Avw_©K
Dfq w`K w`‡q n‡e m¤ú~b© Bmjvg we‡ivax| †jb‡`‡b mZZvi Afve|
Zvi ‡_‡K evuPvi Dcvq:
`viƒj Bmjvgx U«v÷ G j‡¶¨ c«wZwôZ nIqvi ci 1941 1. bvgv‡Ri gva¨‡g Avjøvni mv‡_ Mfxi m¤úK© ¯’vcb|
mv‡ji AvMó gv‡m gvIjvbvi Kw_Z 75 Rb Db¥v` wb‡q 2. AwZwi³ whwKi AvhKvi|
RvgvqvZ Bmjvgx c«wZwôZ| 3. Avjøvni mš‘wó AR©b|
4. AvZ¥mgv‡jvPbv|
`ywbqv‡Z Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi Rb¨ Kivi ‡h KvR i‡q‡Q, ‡m 5. ‡µva `gb Kiv|
m¤ú‡K© mxwgZ ‡Kvb aviYv ‡cvlY Kiv hv‡e bv eis Zvi 6. ‡gŠwjK wel‡q GKgZ ‡cvlY |
Kv‡Ri cwiwai g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q c~Y© c«mviZv mn ‡MvUv gvbe 7. we‡ivax cwi‡ek Øviv c«fvweZ bv nIqv |
Rxeb| 8. ‡bZ…‡Z¡ `ye©jZv cwinvi|
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb GK me©e¨vcx Av‡›`vj‡bi bvg| 9. ‡bZ…‡Z¡i c«wZ Abv¯’v Av‡›`vj‡bi cZb ‡W‡K Av‡b|
gI`~`x Avwgi wbe©vwPZ nIqvi ci we`vqx fvl‡b e‡jb- 10.mgm¨vi Z¡wiZ I mwVK mgvavb |
• Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi m`m¨‡`i KyiAvb ,mxivZybœex I 11. Z¨vM I Kyievbx|
mxiv‡Z mvnvevi c«wZ AbyivM _vKv| 12.evBZyjgv‡j AvgvbZ`vixZv I mZZv|
• Avjøvni c«wZ ZvIqv°yj Kiv| `vIqvZ I ZvejxM Ges ZiweqwZ wbRvg
• PwiÎ I AvPvi AvPi‡Y gvb msi¶Y Kiv| ‡bZ…‡Z¡i Awfjvl wK?
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b Z_v `‡j ‡hvM`vb Ki‡Z n‡e G‡Kev‡iB
• H me Kg©KvÛ †_‡K `y‡i _vKv DwPZ hv gymjgvb‡`i
wb:¯^v_©fv‡e wbQK Avjøvni mš‘wó AR©‡bi j‡¶¨| ‡bZ…‡Z¡i
g‡a¨ wdi&Kv m„wó K‡i|
Awfjvl ‡cvlb K‡i ‡hvM`vb Ki‡j Zv Kiv nq e¨w³ ¯^v‡_©i
Rb¨| Gici Øx‡bi ‡Kvb ‡L`gZ m¤¢e bq| ZvB ‡Kvb
Av`k©ev`x `‡ji cZ‡bi KviY-Zvi ‡_‡K evuPvi Dcvq:
c`c«v_©x nIqvI Bmjv‡g wbwl×| Bmjvgx msMV‡bi Af¨šÍixY
[53]
 wbe©vP‡b ‡KD c«v_©x n‡Z cv‡i bv| c«v_©x nIqvi c«eYZv hw` Pvjv‡bv nq Zvn‡j Zv‡K ‡bZ…‡Z¡i A‡hvM¨B g‡b Kiv nq| G
KviI g‡a¨ ‡`Lv hvq Ges ‡bZv wbe©vwPZ nIqvi Rb¨ AvKv‡i c«eYZv A¼y‡i webó Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j Pig mvsMVwbK mgm¨v
Bw½‡Z wKQy ‡Póv Z`wei K‡i A_ev Zvi c‡¶ ‡Mvcb c«PviYv m…wó nq|

Bmjvgx `vIqvZ I Kg©bxwZ-15

eBwUi ¸iæZ ¡t 5. AZxZ Kv‡Ri †`vl- ÎæwU Abyaveb I Zv `~i Ki‡Z wPšÍv
eBwU wb‡iU GKwU mvsMVwbK eB| Kivi Aemi jvf|
`vqx‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ eBwU iwPZ| 6. mg_©K‡`i‡K cÖZ¨¶fv‡e Avgv‡`i `vIqvZ I KvR eySvi
hviv Øxb‡K Rxeb D‡Ïk¨ wnmv‡e MÖnY Ki‡Z cÖ¯yÍZ my‡hvM K‡i †`qv

Zv‡`i D‡Ï‡k¨ |
7. mZ¨ bxwZ m¤ú‡K© g‡bi åvšÍ aviYv `~i n‡j Zviv
Bmjvg‡K Rxebv`k© wnmv‡e cÖwZôvKvix‡`i Rb¨ eBwU
Rvgvqv‡Z †hvM`vb Ki‡e|
¸i Z¡c~Y©|
L. mvaviY †jv‡Kiv †Kb m‡¤§j‡b Av‡m
1945 mv‡ji 19 †k GwcÖj `viyj Bmjvg cvVvb †Kv‡U AbywôZ
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi evwl©K m‡¤§j‡b cÖ`Ë Avgx‡i Rvgvqv‡Zi
1. gywó‡gq wKQ~ †jvK Avjøvni bv‡g †h KvR ïi K‡i‡Q, Zv
my¶ `„wó‡Z hvPvB Kivi Rb¨|
fvlY, cieZx©‡Z eB AvKv‡i evwni Kiv nq|
2. cÖK…Z c‡¶ gywó‡gq †jvK‡`i KvR Avjøvni Rb¨ wKbv Zv
fywgKvq 3wU wel‡qi Av‡jvPbv AbymÜvb Kivi Rb¨|
K. Avgv‡`i `vIqv‡Z nZvkvi w`K 2.Avgv‡`i `vIqvZ
1. Avgv‡`i Av‡›`vjb ﯋, bxim I ¯^v`nxb|
2. Avgv‡`i `vIqvZ `ywbqvi ivR‰bwZK evRv‡i GKwU APj
K. `vIqvZx Kv‡R Awf‡hvM ev evav
cY¨| 1. `vIqvZ w`‡Z †M‡jB ejv nq, Avgiv Bmjvgx ivóª Kv‡qg
Kivi `vIqvZ w`B|
3. Avgv‡`i Kg©bxwZ‡Z Av‡›`vjb‡K Zxeª I RbMY‡K AvK„ó
2. Avgv‡`i j¶¨ eySv‡bv nq-Avgiv ¶gZv `L‡ji Rb¨
Ki‡Z eZ©gvb Kv‡ji
ivRbxwZ Kwi|
Dcvq DcKiY †bB|
3. Avgv‡`i‡K cvw_©e ¯^v_©ev`x AvL¨v †`qv nq|
L. Avgv‡`i `vIqv‡Z Avkvi w`K
L. Awf‡hvM Kvix‡`i aviYv
1. ax‡i ax‡i eû †jvK Avgv‡`i `vIqv‡Z AvK…ó n‡”Q|
1. A_P gymjgvbiv †Zv Øxb-Bmjvg I ciKv‡ji Rb¨B KvR
2. m‡¤§jb mgy‡n `yi-`yivšÍ †_‡K †jvKRb †hvM`vb Ki‡Z‡Q|
K‡i|
3. G mKj †jvK‡`i AvKl©Y wbwðZ m‡Z¨i w`‡K|
2. ûKzgZ `vex Kivi e¯‘ bq, avwg©K Rxeb hvc‡bi Kvi‡Y
M. ZrKvjxb ivR‰bwZK Ae¯’v Avjøvni Zid †_‡K Av‡m|
1. Ògymwjg jxMÓ gynv¤§` Avjx wRbœvni †bZ…‡Z¡ fviZ wefvM M. Awf‡hv‡Mi KviY 3wU
K‡i cvwK¯Ívb Kv‡q‡gi Av‡›`vjb K‡i| 1. cÖK…Z ZË¡ bv eySvi Kvi‡Y|
2. Aciw`‡KÒKs‡MÖmÓ ALÛ fviZ i¶vi Av‡›`vj‡b †Rviv‡jv 2. PvjvKxi mv‡_ K‡i, hv‡Z mvaviY †jvK m‡Z¨i
fywgKv iv‡L| Av‡›`vjb/`vIqvZ †_‡K weiZ _v‡K
3. Gmgq RvgvqvZ ivR‰bwZK wgwQj-wgwUsG †hvM bv w`‡q 3. Av‡jg-cx‡iiv †Kb ivRbxwZi `vIqvZ †`q bv, ZvivB
bxi‡e `vIqvZ-msMV‡bi Kv‡R AvZ¥ wb‡qvM K‡i| Bmjvg †ekx ey‡S (wbR)|
1. m‡¤§j‡bi D‡Ïk¨ N. Avgv‡`i D‡Ïk¨ ev PzovšÍ j¶¨
m‡¤§j‡bi j¶¨: AZx‡Zi KvR hvPvB Kiv, †`vl-ÎywUmg~n Abyaveb 1. gvby‡li mvgwMÖK Rxe‡b Bmjvg wba©vwiZ cwic~Y© wece
Kiv Ges Zvnv `~i Kwievi Rb¨ wPšÍv Kivi Aemi jvf KivB GB m„wó Kiv|
m‡¤§j‡bi j¶¨| 2. bex †cÖi‡Yi D‡Ïk¨-1wU gymwjg RvwZ MVb, bex‡`i
K. Avgv‡`i m‡¤§jb mgy‡ni D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv KvRB GLb Avgv‡`i|
1. m`m¨M‡Yi ci¯úi cwiwPwZ, msNe× I Mfxifv‡e wgwjZ O. Avgv‡`i `vIqvZ 3wU `dvt
nIqv| 1. Avjøvni `vmZ¡ MÖnYt mvaviYZt mKj gvbyl‡K we‡klZ
2. cvi¯úwiK civgk© I mn‡hvwMZvi Dcvq D™¢veb Kiv| gymjgvb‡`‡K Avnevb RvbvB|
3. wb‡R‡`i mvsMVwbK KvR‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K AMÖmi Kiv| 2. gybv‡dKx Z¨vMt hviv gymjgvb nIqvi `vex K‡i,
4. wec`, mgm¨v, evav-wecwË mgyn `yi Kivi cš’v wba©viY Zv‡`i‡K gybv‡dKx I K‡g© ‰elg¨ `yi K‡i Bmjv‡g
Kiv| cwic~Y© cÖ‡e‡ki `vIqvZ w`‡q _vwK|
[54]
 3. †bZ…‡Z¡i Avgyj cwieZ©bt evwZj, dv‡mKx I Kvwdi‡`i N. ev›`v‡K gybv‡dKx n‡Z cweÎ KivB Avgv‡`i j¶¨
†bZ…‡Z¡i Avgyj cwieZ©b K‡i †bZ…Z¡ I KZ…©Z¡ †bK 1. †Lv`vi e‡›`Mxi mwVK aviYv Abyhvqx wbôvi mv‡_ cÖ‡Póv
ev›`v‡`i nv‡Z †mvc`© Kiv| Pvjve|
2. Ajøvn cÖ`Ë Rxeb c×wZ c~Y© Rxe‡b AbymiY Kie|
3. Rxe‡bi ¶z`ª Kv‡RI evwZ‡ji cÖfve ei`vkZ Ki‡ev bv|
P. †Lv`vi e‡›`Mx m¤ú‡K© wKQy †jv‡Ki åvšÍ aviYv
1. wbR‡K ev›`v g‡b KivB h†_ó, ‰bwZK-mgwóMZ Rxe‡b
4. Kgx©i ‰emv`„‡k¨i ZË¡K_v
`vmZ¡ bvKi‡jI ¶wZ †bB
K. Kgx©q ‰emv`„k¨ Kv‡K e‡jt
2. Avjøvn‡K cÖvK…wZKfv‡e m„wóKZv©, wiwhK`vZv I gvey`
1. K_v I Kv‡Ri Miwgj‡K e‡j|
¯^xKvi Ki‡Z n‡e Ges ev¯Íe Rxe‡b †bZ…Z¡ I KZ…©Z¡
2. gy‡L Cgv‡bi `vex †i‡L Kv‡R Zvi wecixZ Kiv‡K|
†_‡K Avjøvn‡K AcmvwiZ Kiv AmsMZ n‡e bv|
3. wewfbœ bxwZ AbymiY Kiv‡K|
3. agx©q Rxe‡b AvKx`v-wek¦vm, Bev`vZ, nvjvj-nviv‡gi
4. e‡›`Mxi wecixZ KvR Kiv‡K|
K‡qKwU kZ© gvbvB e‡›`Mx|
L. ‰emv`„k¨, AmvgÄm¨, gybv‡dKxi I eûiæcx Kv‡Ri D`vniY
4. ‰elwqK e¨vcv‡i †Lv`vi e‡›`Mx n‡Z m¤ú~Y© gy³| ‡hgb-
1. ZvInx`, †imvjZ, Av‡LivZ, kixqZ‡K gvbvi `vex K‡i
ZvgvÏyb, mgvR, ivóª, A_©bxwZ|
‰elwqK ¯^v_© jv‡fi Rb¨ e¯‘ev`x, ZvInx‡`i wecixZ
Q. Kv‡`i weiyy‡× Avgv‡`i msMÖvg?
wk¶v cÖwZôv‡b wk¶v jvf Kivi Rb¨ hvIqv|
1. hZLvwb Kv‡di Rxeb e¨e¯’vi weiy‡× Avgv‡`i jovB|
2. Cgv‡bi `vex K‡i †Lv`vi `ykgb‡`i iwPZ AvB‡b ¯’vwcZ
2. ZZLvwb wZeªZvi mv‡_ e‡›`Mxi GB f~j aviYvi weiy‡×
Av`vj‡Zi wePv‡ii Dci wbf©i Kwi|
Avgv‡`i msMÖvg|
3. gmwR‡` bvgvR Av`vq I evB‡i Avjvn‡K fy‡j ‡q
R. †Kb Avgv‡`i msMÖvg
bd‡mi AbymiY Kwi|
D‡jøwLZ aviYv mgyn Øxb Bmjv‡gi gyj wfwË I iƒc‡K m¤ú~Y© weK…Z
4. GKw`‡K Avjøvni wbKU cÖwZkÖæwZ cÖ`vb, Ab¨w`‡K ¯^v_©
K‡i w`‡q‡Q|
mswkó gywZ©i cyRv Kiv|
3. gybv‡dKxi gyjK_v M. Øxb m¤ú‡K© eZ©gvb gymjgvb‡`i Ae¯’v
K. gybv‡dKxi bxwZ 4wU 1. Cgvb I Bmjv‡gi ¯^xKv‡ivw³B h‡_ó n‡e|
1. Cgvb I Øx‡bi m¤ú~Y© wecixZ Rxeb e¨e¯’v cÖwZwôZ †`‡L 2. ZvInx`-†imvj‡Zi mv¶¨ I bvgvR-†ivRvmn K‡qKwU
mšÍó nIqv| agx©q Abyôvb cvj‡bB h‡_ó|
2. Gi Avgyj cwieZ©b K‡i wb‡Ri Rxeb e¨e¯’v‡K cÖwZwôZ 3. ev¯Íe Rxe‡b Øxb I Cgvb we‡ivax Kg©bxwZ Aej¤^b Ki‡j
Ki‡Z †Póv bv Kiv| Cgv‡bi †Kvb ¶wZ †bB|
3. cÖwZwôZ Rxeb e¨e¯’v AbyKzj g‡b K‡i Zv‡_‡K wb‡Ri N. hvi djkÖæwZ‡Z ¶wZ n‡”Q
dvq`v nvwm‡ji †Póv| 1. dv‡mKx, Kv‡dix, cvc, bvdigvbx I hyjyg‡K Bmjv‡gi
4. wKQy †jvK †Póv Ki‡jI Zv Av‡iKwU dv‡mKx ivóª cÖwZôvi bv‡g Pvwj‡q †`qv n‡”Q|
D‡Ï‡k¨ K‡i| 2. Cgv‡bi wecix‡Z gymjgvbiv mgq, kªg, †hvM¨Zv I Rxeb
L. Lv‡jm-wbôvc~Y© Cgv‡bi cwiPqt wewj‡q w`‡”Q-Zv eySvi ÁvbUyKz †bB|
1. †h Rxeb e¨e¯’vi cÖwZ Cgvb Avb‡e, Zv Rxeb-weavb I D`vniYt je‡bi Lwb‡Z wew”Qbœfv‡e hZ‡jvK cÖ‡ek Ki‡e
AvBb wnmv‡e Pvjy Ki‡e| Zviv je‡bi mv‡_ wg‡k hv‡e|
2. GB c‡_ hZB cÖwZeÜKZv AvmyK, Avgv‡`i cÖvY e¨vKzj O. Avgv‡`i Avnevb
I KvZi n‡q DV‡e| 1. m¤ú~Y© GKgyLx bxwZ-Av`‡k©i Abymvix n‡q Øx‡bi wecixZ
3. cÖK…Z Cgvb Zvi weKv‡k mvgvb¨Zg evav ei`vkZ Ki‡e KvR-K‡g©i mv‡_ m¤úK© wQbœ Kiv|
bv| 2. Cgv‡bi `vex‡K Mfxifv‡e Dcjwä I Zv c~iY Kivi
Avnevb|
M. my¯úó åvšÍ aviYvt
5. †bZ…‡Z¡i †gŠwjK cwieZ©‡bi Avek¨K_v
1. wKQy †`‡k Bmjv‡gi wKQ~ AvBb-bxwZ A¶wZKi g‡b K‡i
K. Cgv‡bi `vex / gygx‡bi Awbevh© `vex- eZ©gvb Rxeb I ivóª
AbyMÖn K‡i Pj‡Z †`q|
e¨e¯’vq wecøe m„wó Kiv
2. mgMÖ Rxeb Øx‡bi wecixZ wbq‡g P‡j, G‡Z Cgv‡bi ¶wZ
1. whwb wbR‡K †Lv`vi `vm‡Z¡i wbKU †mvc`© K‡ib|
nq bv e‡j g‡b K‡i|
2. Rxe‡b †Kvb cÖKvi gybv‡dKx I ‰emv`„‡k¨i duvK bv
3. GgbwK ‡mLv‡b Kzdzix ivóª e¨e¯’v‡K ¯’vqx wbqwZ g‡b Kiv
iv‡Lb|
nq|
3. GKwbô gygxb nIqvi †Póv K‡ib-Zvi Dci|
[55]
L. eZ©gvb ivóª e¨e¯’vi wfwË wK‡mi Dci ¯’vwcZ 2. mr †bZ…Z¡ cÖwZôvt `ywbqvi †bZ…Z¡ Kv‡di‡`i nvZ †_‡K
1. Kzdixi Dci-cuywRev` ev e¯‘ev` =Av‡gwiKv mr I Cgvb`vi‡`i nv‡Z †mvc`© Kiv ZvIev-33, dvZvn-
2. bvw¯ÍKZvi Dci-KwgDwbRg I ‡mKzjvwiRg =Zzi®‹ 28, md-9
3. wki‡Ki Dci-ivRZš¿-†mŠw` Avie =Kz‡qZ
4. dv‡mKxi Dci-RvwZqZvev` N. Avgv‡`i `vIqv‡Zi gyj Av‡e`bt
5. AmrPwiÎZvi Dci-MbZš¿ =evsjv‡`k 1. Cgvb`vi I mr †jvK‡`i wb‡q `j MVb
M. †bZ…‡Z¡i †gŠwjK cwieZ©b ‡Kb `iKvit G KvR bv Ki‡j ¶wZ 2. wbôvevb Bmjv‡gi Abymvix nIqv
3wU 3. Zv‡`i e¨w³MZ I mvgwóMZ PwiÎ n‡e cweÎ I cwiï×
1. `ywbqv‡Z LuvwU gymjgvb wnmv‡e Rxeb hvcb Kiv m¤¢e 4. mgvR I ivóª cwiPvjbvi m‡ev©”P †hvM¨Zvi AwaKvix n‡e
bq| 7. weiæ×Zv I Dnvi KviY
2. †Lv`vi `vmZ¡‡K Rxe‡bi Av`k© wnmv‡e MÖnY Kiv m¤¢e K. Kv‡`i †_‡K we‡ivaxZv Av‡m
bq| 1. gymjgvbt me© cÖ_g `vIqv‡Z we‡ivaxZv Av‡m
3. fwel¨Z eskai‡`i Bmjv‡gi Dci wek¦vmx ivLv m¤¢e gymjgvb‡`i c¶ †_‡K|
bq| 2. Øxb`vit Avevi ZvI gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ hviv Øxb`vi
N. gygx‡bi KZ©e¨ ZvivB Av‡M evav †`q|
1. †Lv`vi m‡šÍvl AR©b, 3. Bmjvgx `jt Zvi g‡a¨I Avevi †ekx Zrci ag©cš’x
2. aesm I wech©q †_‡K mgvR‡K i¶v, `j¸‡jv|
3. kvwšÍ, wbivcËv I ¯^w¯’ cÖwZôv|
GB j‡¶¨ †cŠQ‡Z evavt- cÖwZwôZ Amr †bZ„Z¡| L. Avgv‡`i `vIqvZ m¤ú‡K© Agymwjg‡`i gšÍe¨
O. †Kb we‡k¦ AkvwšÍ hyjyg e„w× cvqt we‡e‡Ki gZvgZ wK? 1. Agymwjgiv AvR ch©šÍ we‡ivaxZvi Rb¨ m¤§y‡L AMÖmi nq
1. KviYt we‡k¦i †bZviv Amr, dv‡mK, dvwRi, †Lv`v‡`ªvnx, bvB|
kqZv‡bi `vmvby`vmMY| 2. Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© GKRb wn›`y, wkL I Bs‡iRI mZ¨ bq
2. djvdjt hyjyg, wbhv©Zb, AkvwšÍ, wech©q I AZ¨vPvi e„w× GK_v e‡j bvB|
cv‡e| 3. Bnvi we‡ivaxZv Kivi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvI cÖKvk K‡i bvB|
4. Zviv GK_vI e‡j‡Q-hw` †`‡k Bmjv‡gi `vIqvZ Av‡MB
P. gymjgv‡bi Acwinvh© KvRt †ck Kiv nZ Ges gymjgvbiv hw` Zv Kv‡qg Kivi †Póv
1. c_åó †bZ…Z¡ LZg Kiv| Ki‡Zv Z‡e †`‡ki Ae¯’v wfbœiƒc nZ|
2. Kzdi I wki‡Ki cÖavb¨ wePzY© Kiv| M. we‡ivaxZvi aiY
3. Øxb cÖwZôvi †Póv mvabv Kiv| 1. Avgv‡`i‡K †KD mb¥yL w`K †_‡K Avµgb Ki‡Z cv‡i
6. †bZ…Z¡ cwieZ©b wKiƒ‡c n‡e bv-
K. wek¦ cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wK `iKvi 2. ZvB Zviv wcQb w`K †_‡K wewfbœfv‡e Avµgb K‡i e‡jt
1. †hvM¨Zvt Ávb-weÁvb N. `vIqvZ wVK Av‡Q, Z‡e mgm¨v Av‡Q-
2. kw³t AvaywbK cÖhyw³ mgyn 1. `vqx‡`i g‡a¨ wKQ~ †`vl-ÎæwU Av‡Q|
3. ‰ewkó¨t †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸Yvejx 2. GB Kv‡Ri Rb¨ mvnvex‡`i gZ †jvK cÖ‡qvRb|
3. GB hy‡M GB `vIqvZ Pjvi gZ bq, Bnv APj gZev`|
L. hv‡`i nv‡Z Avjøvn †bZ…Z¡ †`‡eb Zv‡`i ¸Yvejx 4wU 4. gymjgvb‡`i ivR‰bwZK-A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’vi Kvi‡Y G
1. Cgvbt hv‡`i LvwU Cgvb Av‡Q `vIqvZ MÖnY Kiv hv‡e bv
2. mZZvt hviv cÖK…Zfv‡e mr O. we‡ivaxZvKvix‡`i cwiPq
3. gvbweK †hvM¨Zvt hv‡`i ‡`k cwiPvjbvi Acwinvh© 1. me© cÖ_‡g hviv evav w`‡e- wcZv-gvZv, AvZœxq ¯^Rb, eÜz
¸Yvejx Av‡Q| evÜe|
4. kw³t hv‡`i kw³ I ¶gZv Kv‡di‡`i †P‡q †ekx Av‡Q|- 2. avgx©K I gyËvKxiv-hv‡`i Kcv‡j wmR`vi wPý c‡o
(b~i-55bs) †M‡Q|
3. hviv 24 N›Uv ag© msµvšÍ Av‡jvPbv K‡i ZvivI we‡ivaxZv
M. Avgv‡`i D‡Ïk¨t 2wU Ki‡Z ms‡KvP K‡i bv|
1. `j MVbt Cgvb I mr †jvK‡`i GKwU `j MVb Kiv| - 4. Zv‡`i cyÎ-åvZv wKsev AvZœxq‡`i Av‡›`vj‡b †hvM`vb
Av‡j Bgivb-103 Av‡`mn¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
P. we‡ivaxZvi cwie‡Z© cy®ú I cÖksmv AvmZ hw` Avgiv

[56]
 1. `vIqvZ‡K wbQK GKwU Ávb-M‡elYv gyjK Av‡›`vjb 2. Ava¨vwZœKZvi †kªôZ¡ I ghv©`v ¶zbœ n‡e|
wnmv‡e †ck KiZvg| V. GB Rb¨ eo GKwU `j Z…Zxq GKwU c_ Aej¤^b K‡i
2. GB D‡Ïk¨ ev¯Í‡e cÖwZwôZ Ki‡Z †jvK‡`i Avnevb bv 1. Avgv‡‡`i `vIqvZ I Av‡›`vjb‡K f~j ej‡Z cv‡i bv
RvbvBZvg| 2. mZ¨Zv ¯^xKvi Ki‡jI gyjbxwZ‡K ev` w`‡q we‡kl †Kvb
Q. bex-ivmyj‡`i Av‡›`vj‡bi we‡ivaxZvi KviY e¨w³i we‡lv`vMvi K‡i †Nvjv‡U K‡i Av‡›`vjb †_‡K `~‡i
1. Kwe, mvwnwZ¨K I `vk©wbK‡`i we‡ivaxZv Kivi KviY t m‡i _v‡K|
2. wki‡Ki wfwˇZ ¯’vwcZ Rxeb/mgvR e¨e¯’v‡K P~Y© K‡i W. cwiYvgt Zviv hyw³ w`‡q gvby‡li gyL eÜ Kivi †Póv Ki‡jI
Lvwjm ZvInx‡`i wfwˇZ cwic~Y© Rxeb e¨e¯’v wnmv‡e †Lv`vi gyL eÜ Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv|
†ck Kivi Kvi‡Y Zviv Zv MÖn‡Y c¯‘Z wQj bv|
3. eskxq cÖ_v, AvZ¥œ†MŠie, AvwfRvZ¨, cvwievwiK ‰ewkó¨ 8. Avgv‡`i Kg©bxwZ
Z¨vM K‡i ZvInx‡`i wfwˇZ RvwZ MVb Kivi Avnevb K. Avgv‡`i Kg©bxwZi Drm
Rvbv‡bvi Kvi‡Y| 1. KziAvb 2. nvw`m Ges 3. bex-ivmyj‡`i Kg©bxwZ
4. A_©‰bwZK I cvwievwiK ¯^v_©-ciZv I †jvf-jvjmvi
cÖe„wË Z¨vM K‡i ‰bwZK Pwi‡Îi gyjbxwZ mgyn‡K ev¯Íe L. hviv `vIqvZ MÖnY K‡i Zv‡`i cÖwZ Kg©bxwZ/Avnevb
Rxe‡bi wfwË wnmv‡e ¯’vwcZ Ki‡Z ejvi Kvi‡Y| 1. †Lv`vi `vmZ¡ Abyhvqx Rxeb M‡o Zyj‡Z ewj|
>> ivmyj (mv.) GB j‡¶¨ GKwU Av‡›`vj‡bi gva¨‡g †jvK‡`i 2. Kv‡R wb‡Ri HKvwšÍKZvi cwiPq w`‡Z ewj|
msNe× K‡i †`‡ki Zvnhxe ZvgvÏyb I ‰bwZKZv‡K Av`k© w`‡q 3. Cgv‡bi wecixZ KvR n‡Z wbR‡K cweÎ ivL‡Z ewj|
cwieZ©b Kivi †Póv mvabv K‡i‡Qb| M. Av‡›`vj‡b †hvM w`‡q †h Kg©bxwZ Z¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e
R. evwZj mgvR e¨e¯’vi mv‡_ gymjgvb‡`i mg‡SvZvi aiY 1. eo nIqvi j‡¶¨ D”P wk¶v MÖnY K‡i, Zv‡`i MMYPzw¤^
1. gymjgvbiv evwZj e¨e¯’vi mv‡_ mg‡SvZvi d‡j Zv‡`i ¯^cœ-cÖmv` aywjm¨vr Ki‡Z nq|
Dci we‡ivaxZv Av‡m bvB| 2. A‰ea c‡_ AR©b Kiv ab-m¤ú` Z¨vM K‡i me©nviv n‡Z
2. GB mg‡SvZvq ‰elwqK I ag©xq my‡hvM myweav wQj| nq|
3. ci‡nRMvixi ayg cov †jvK chšÍ© evwZj mg‡SvZvi mv‡_ 3. RxweKv wbev©‡ni kixqZ we‡ivax c_ Z¨vM I cweÎ cš’v
RwoZ| MÖnY Kiv, Zv hZB wbK…ó †nvK|
4. evwZj gZev‡`i Aax‡b ZvKIqv, Bev`vZmn K‡qKwU N. Dc‡iv³ Kg©bxwZ‡Z Avjvni c¶ †_‡K cÖv_wgK †h AwMœ
Abyôvb cvj‡bB h‡_ó g‡b Kiv| cix¶v/evuav/mgm¨v Av‡m
5. eû Ava¨vwZœK †jv‡Ki evwZ‡ji mv‡_ mg‡SvZvi d‡j 1. cÖ_‡g wcZv-gvZv I wbKU AvZ¡xq ¯^Rb, Zvi Cgv‡bi
Ava¨vwZœKZvi ghv©`v ¶zbœ nq bvB mv‡_ Ø‡Ü wjß nq|
6. Kydi, Rv‡nwjqvZ, dv‡mKx I åvšÍ AvKx`vi cÖwZev` I 2. A‡bK gvby‡li gvqv gynveŸZ I †mœn bxo †evjZvi evmvq
ÎæwU eY©bv K‡i gy‡L mvnvev hy‡Mi g‡bvgy»Ki wPÎ AsKb cwiYZ nq|
Kiv Bmjv‡gi KZ©e¨ cvj‡b h‡_ó g‡b Kiv n‡q‡Q| O. cÖv_wgK cix¶vq DËxY©‡`i g‡a¨ ‡h ZvKIqvi m„wó nq
7. AvZœxq-¯^Rb,AvMvgx‡`i‡K evwZj mgv‡Ri mv‡_ 1. †h ZvKIqv wdKvn kv‡¯¿i gvb `‡Ûi DËxY© bq|
IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e RwoZ ivLv m¤ú~Y© nvjvj 2. †h ZvKIqv LvbKv kix‡di gvb`‡Û Am¤ú~Y©|
S. Avgv‡`i gvivZœK Aciva wK/†Kb we‡ivaxZv Kiv n‡”Q 3. wKš‘ †m ZvKIqv wek¦ cwiPvjbvi ¸iæ`vwqZ¡ I Avgvbv‡Zi
1. evwZ‡ji mv‡_ mKj my‡hvM myweav Z¨vM Ki‡Z ejwQ| `ye©n fvi enb Kivi gZ|
2. wbôv I AvšÍwiKZvi mv‡_ Øx‡bi AbymiY Ki‡Z Avnevb 4. LvbKvi ZvKIqv GKkZ fv‡Mi GKfvMI enb Kivi gZ
Rvbvw”Q| bq|
3. mZ¨ cÖwZôvi Rb¨ Rvb-gvj, mgq-kªg DrmM© K‡i †Póv P. wØZxq `vwqZ¡-
mvabv Kivi Avnevb Rvbvw”Q| wbKUeZx© cwi‡e‡k mKj †jvK‡`i g‡a¨ `vIqvZ weKxY© Kiv|
Q. `vIqv‡Zi djvdj ev jvf 2wU
T. Avgv‡`i `vIqvZ‡K mZ¨ e‡j †g‡b †bIqv n‡j Zv‡K †h †Kvb 1. `vIqv‡Zi gva¨‡g Rxe‡b Cgvb we‡ivax f~jÎæwU †_‡K
GKwU c_ †e‡Q wb‡Z n‡e- cwiï× Kivi AeKvk cvq|
1. ¯^v‡_©i Kzievbx ei`vkZ K‡i Av‡›`vj‡b Svwc‡q co‡Z 2. `vIqv‡Zi d‡j wb‡Ri g‡a¨ A‡bK ¸Y ‰ewk‡ó¨i m„wó
n‡e| A_ev nq|
2. ¯^xKvi Kivi ci g‡bi `~e©jZvi ‡`vnvB w`‡q Av‡›`vjb R. †h me w`K n‡Z wec`/mgm¨v Avm‡Z cv‡i
†_‡K `~‡i m‡i _vK‡Z n‡e 1. cÖ_‡g nZvkv e¨vÄK Ae¯’vi m„wó nq|
U. GB c_ Aej¤^b Kiv mnR bqt KviY-G‡Z 2. AcgvbKi Dw³ I frmbv Kiv|
1. ciKv‡ji M¨vivw›U bó n‡q hv‡e|
[57]
 3. gyL©Zv gyjK Kvh© Øviv Am¤§vb Kiv| Z…ZxqZt m`m¨iv AvB‡bi cwie‡Z© bxwZ-‰bwZKZvi wfwˇZ
4. bvbv cÖKvi Awf‡hvM I †`vlv‡ivc Kiv| mgv‡Ri mv‡_ m¤úK© Ki‡e|
5. †dZbvq Rov‡bvi Dcvq Aej¤^b Kiv| PZz_©Zt mgv‡R ‰bwZK I ev¯Íe Aev¯Íe DjsM K‡i †`Lv m¤¢e nq|
6. Ni n‡Z weZvwoZ Kiv I AvZœxqZvi m¤úK© wQbœ Kiv| a‡g©i Avei‡Y jyKvwqZ‡`i PwiÎ dy‡U DV‡e|
7. Zvi Rxeb `ywe©mn Kiv| X. †klK_vt Avgv‡`i Kg©bxwZ‡K hvPvB Kivi Avnevb
S. G me wec` gwme‡Z Kgx©i g‡a¨ †h ¸Y ˆewk‡ó¨i weKvk I 1. Avgv‡`i Kg©bxwZ wK ai‡bi,
DrKl© mvwaZ nq 2. gvbyl‡K †Kvb w`‡K WvKwQ Ges †mB `vIqvZ KZLvwb
1. mvnm nviv n‡q m‡Z¨i Av‡›`vjb †_‡K weiZ _v‡K bv| mZ¨,
2. evwZ‡ji mvg‡b AvZœmgc©b K‡i bv| 3. KziAvb I nvw`‡mi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ Av‡Q wK bv,
3. we¶z× n‡q we‡eK-eyw× nvivq bv| 4. eZ©gvb mgv‡Ri †ivM cÖwZ‡kvaK wnmv‡e evwZj gZev`
4. ‰eÁvwbK Kg©cš’v, eyw×gËv, bgbxq `„pZv, w¯’iZv, mZZv, wbg~©j Kivi gZ wK bv|
ci‡nRMvixi AwaKvix nIqv 9. Av‡jg I cxi mv‡ne‡`i †`vnvB
5. GKwbô gb wb‡q wbR Av`‡k©i Dci AUj AwePj _v‡K| K. Av‡jg I cxi mv‡ne‡`i cÖwZ cÖkœ/ wRÁvmv
6. cwi‡ek‡K AbyKzj Kivi AwekªvšÍ †Póv Pvjvq| 1. eo Avwjg I cxi mv‡neiv wK Øxb m¤ú‡K© cwic~Y©
T. Av`k© cÖPv‡i KziAv‡b Dc¯’vwcZ Kgx©i Kg©bxwZ IqvwKdnvj b‡nb ?
1. DËg Dc‡`‡ki gva¨‡g `vIqvZ Dc¯’vcb Kiv| 2. RvgvqvZ Bmjv‡gi ‡h iƒc cÖPvi K‡i _v‡K, Zviv wK Zv
2. ¯^vfvweK c×wZ‡Z Øx‡bi gyjbxwZi wfwˇZ ev¯Íe Rxe‡bi eyS‡Z cv‡i bvB|
`vIqvZ †ck Kiv| 3. Zv‡`i‡K evi evi ejv m‡Ë¡I Zviv mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡Z
3. mva¨vZxZ †LvivK `vb bv Kiv| cÖ¯‘Z b‡n-Zvi KviY wK|
4. LywUbvwU welq †ck bv Kiv I A‰eÁvwbK KvR Ki‡Z L. GB cÖ‡kœi DËi
wb‡la Kiv| 1. Avwg (gI`y`x) Øxb-Bmjvg‡K eZ©gvb I AZxZ e¨w³‡`i
5. †gŠwjK †`vl-ÎæwU `yi Kivi Av‡M evwn¨K †`vl-ÎæwU `yi ‡_‡K eyS‡Z †Póv Kwi bvB|
Kivi †Póv Kiv| 2. Bmjvg‡K KziAvb I ivmy‡ji mybœvn †_‡K eySvi †Póv
6. AeÁv wgwkªZ e¨envi bv Kiv| K‡iwQ|
7. g‡›`i wecix‡Z DËg e¨envi| 3. Øxb Avgvi I Bgvb`v‡ii wbKU Kx `vex K‡i, Zv Rvbvi
8. AZ¨vPvi I wbcxo‡bi d‡j ‰ah¨ aviY Kiv| Rb¨ †Kvb eyRyM© e¨w³ wK K‡ib/e‡jb-†m w`‡K å懶c
9. A_©nxb K_vevZv© D‡c¶v Kiv| Kwi bvB|
U. †h Kg©bxwZi Av‡jv‡K †jvK‡`i‡K Av‡›`vj‡b Uvbv hvq 4. eis Avwg G‡¶‡Î KziAvb I bex-ivmy‡ji Kg©bxwZ eySvi
1. wiqv I cÖ`k©b gyjK KvR n‡Z weiZ _vKv| †Póv K‡iwQ|
2. wb‡R‡`i KxwZ©-Kjvc †MŠi‡ei mwnZ †jvK‡`i mvg‡b M. Avwjg I cxi mv‡ne‡`i cÖwZ Avgvi Avnevb
†ck bv Kiv| 1. M„nxZ Kg©bxwZ KziAv‡bi wb‡`©k I bex‡`i Kvh©Kjvc
3. mKj KvR Avjøvni mšÍwói Rb¨ Kiv I Zvi Kv‡Q djvdj n‡Z cÖgvwbZ nq wKbv, wbi‡c¶ `„wó‡Z Zv wePvi Kiæb|
Avkv Kiv| 2. Avcbviv KziAvb I mybœvn n‡Z Ávb jvf Ki‡Z cÖ¯Z ‘
4. g‡bi g‡a¨ me©`v Avjøvni fq _vKv| _vKzb|
5. Zwor djvdj bv Avm‡j K…wÎg I cÖ`k©b gyjK Kg©bxwZ 3. Avcbviv Avgvi `vIqvZ MÖnY K‡i Avgvi mv‡_ wgwjZ
MÖnY bv Kiv| †nvb|
V. Avgv‡`i ivR‰bwZK Kg©bxwZ 4. Avgv‡`i `vIqv‡Z KziAvb-mybœvni wecixZ wKQy _vK‡j Zv
1. evwZj kvmb e¨e¯’vi AvBb-Av`vj‡Zi mvnvh¨ MÖnY cÖgvwYZ Ki b|
Ki‡ev bv| 5. KziAvb-mybœvn n‡Z m‡i ‡MwQ cÖgvwYZ n‡j mZ¨ MÖn‡Y
2. Rvb-gvj I B¾Z-m¤§vb i¶vi Rb¨ evwZj ivóª e¨ve¯’vi gyûZ© wej¤^ Kie bv|
mvnvh¨ MÖnY Ki‡ev bv| 6. wKš‘ nK I evwZ‡ji cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ hw` KziAvb-mybœvn
3. hviv GB mxgv jsNb Ki‡e Zv‡`i Rvgvqv‡Zi g‡a¨ e¨vZxZ e¨w³ we‡k‡li Dci wbf©i K‡ib, Zv Avcbv‡`i
_vK‡Z †`qv n‡e bv| B”Qvaxb|
4. hviv ¯^v‡_©i-AvZ¥xqZv i¶vi Rb¨ wg_¨v gvgjvq Rwo‡q
10. `i‡ekxq we`ªæc
c‡o Rvgvqv‡Z Zvi ¯’vb †bB|
K. A‡b‡Ki Awf‡hvM n‡jv
W. Avgv‡`i Kg©bxwZi hyw³KZv I ¯^v_©KZv 4wUt
1. Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx KZ¸‡jv `i‡ek I `ywbqv Z¨vMx
cÖ_gZt Avgiv GKwU Av`k©ev`x RvgvqvZ wKbv Zv cÖgvY Kiv hvq|
†jvK‡`i `j|
wØZxqZt m`m¨‡`i wek¦m Zv cÖgvY Kivi m‡›`nvZxZ gvb`Û|
[58]
 2. c„w_exi ev¯ÍeZv I ivRbxwZ †_‡K Zviv A‡bK `~‡i| 2. c„w_exi KZ©„Z¡ †Lv`v‡`ªvnx, Kvwdi, dvwmK‡`i †_‡K
3. gymjgvb‡`i eZ©gvb msKUc~Y© mg‡q mb¥y‡L AMÖmi nIqvi †bKev›`v‡`i nv‡Z Zz‡j †`qv|
wPšÍv Zv‡`i bvB| 3. mK‡j wg‡j †Lv`vi `vmZ¡ Kiv|
4. hv‡`i ev¯Íe Rxe‡bi mgm¨vi w`‡K bRi †ekx, Zviv G P. Avgiv wK iKg `j MVb Ki‡Z PvB
Av‡›`vj‡b †hvMw`‡Z cv‡i bv| 1. hviv ZvKIqvi w`K †_‡K mgv‡Ri mvaviY ci‡nRMvi‡`i
L. Zv‡`i cÖwZ DËi nj Zzjbvq †kªôZi n‡e|
1. eZ©gvb ivRbxwZex`iv ¯’yj`„wó wb‡q gv‡V †b‡g‡Qb| 2. wek¦ cwiPvjbvi †hvM¨Zv-`¶Zvi w`K w`‡q eZ©gvb
2. Zviv ïay ivR‰bwZK mgm¨v I evwn¨K i`-e`j‡KB †jvK‡`i †_‡K ‡ekx AMÖmi n‡e
¸iæZ¡c~Y© g‡b K‡i| Q. eZ©gv‡b ci‡nRMvix g‡b Kiv nq
3. wKš‘ ivRbxwZi cÖvmv` †h wfwËi Dci ¯’vwcZ, Zv‡Z N‡ii †KvYvq e‡m ev¯Íe RM‡Zi KvR K‡g©i mv‡_ mKj m¤úK© wQbœ
Zv‡`i `„wó GL‡bv †cŠ‡Q bvB| Kiv‡K|
M. eZ©gvb (fvi‡Zi) ivR‰bwZK mgm¨v RwUj AvKvi aviY Kivi R. wech©q ms‡kva‡bi Dcvq n‡”Q
KviY n‡”Q 1. †Lv`vi †bK ev›`v‡`i GKwU mymse× RvgvqvZ MVb|
1. mgv‡Ri ‰bwZK PwiÎ, wek¦vm, Zvnhxe †h wfwËi Dci 2. `‡ji cÖ‡Z¨KwU †jvK †Lv`vfxi , b¨vqcš’x I wek¦vm
¯’vwcZ wQj Zv `~e©j n‡q c‡o fvRb n‡e|
2. c_ åó-åvšÍ 1wU RvwZ (Bs‡iRiv) mnmª gvBj `~i †_‡K 3. †Lvv`vi g‡bvbxZ PwiÎ I ¸Yvejx‡Z f~wlZ n‡e|
G‡m ‡`k‡K civf~Z K‡i| 4. †m ms‡M `ywbqvi †jvK‡`i civwRZ Kivi gZ wek¦
3. gymjgvb‡`i GB civaxbZv I `~e©jZvi my‡hv‡M Zv‡`i cwiPvjbvi †hvM¨ZvI me©vwaK n‡e
cÖwZ‡ekx RvwZ kw³kvjx n‡q Zv‡`i weiæ‡× kÎæZv Avi¤¢ >- Avgv‡`i `„wó‡Z Bnv A‡c¶v eo ivRbxwZ Avi n‡Z cv‡i bv|
K‡i| 11. Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi Kgx©‡`i cÖwZ gvIjvbv gI`y`xi Dc‡`k
> ZvB N‡ii kÎæ I evB‡ii kÎæ‡K ‡gvKv‡ejv Kiv RwUj n‡q 1. †R‡b ey‡S Avjøvni wbKU cÖwZkÖæwZ w`‡q †h `vwqZ¡ wb‡q‡Qb,
c‡o| Zv Mfxifv‡e Dcjwä Kiæb Ges GB ¸iæ`vwqZ¡ cvjb
Kiæb|
N. eZ©gvb wek¦e¨vcx wech©‡qi KviY 2. Øx‡bi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq ¸‡jv Abyaveb K‡i LywUbvwU welq ¸‡jv
1. wb‡R‡`i ‰bwZKZv, Zvnhxe, A_©bxwZ, ivRbxwZi wfwË cwiZ¨vM K‡i Pjyb|
†i‡L‡Q †Lv`v‡`ªvnx kw³i Dci 3. A‡bK Kgx©iv Av`k©, D‡Ïk¨ I gZev` ey‡S‡Q, wKš‘ Kg©bxwZ
2. dv‡mKx I Kydyix e¨e¯’vi evwn¨K iƒc cwieZ©b Kivi †Póv Av‡`Š ey‡S bvB| ZvB Kg©bxwZI fvjfv‡e eySvi †Póv Kiæb|
Kiv n‡”Q| 4. ¯’zj`wk©Zv, cÖ`k©b gyjK g‡bve„wË Ges `ªæZ djvdj cvIqvi
3. Avgvi (gI`y`x) `„wó‡Z-gyjZt Bmjv‡gi `„wó‡Z GB gvbwmKZv cwinvi Kiæb|
ivRbxwZ G‡Kev‡iB A_©nxb| 5. `vIqvZ I cÖPviYvi †¶‡Î wbg©gZv I K‡VviZv cwinvi K‡i
O. eZ©gvb wek¦ gymwj‡gi mgm¨v-RwUjZvi mgvavb n‡”Q mnR I mijfv‡e hyw³i gva¨‡g `vIqvZ Dc¯’vcb Kiæb|
1. Zvi weavb‡K wb‡R‡`i Rxeb e¨e¯’v wnmv‡e MªnY Kiv|

Bmjvgx msMVb-16
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi MyiæZ¡ Bmjvgx msMV‡bi Dcv`vb
1. A_© msNe× Kib| 1. Bmjvgx †bZ„Z¡|
2. Bmjvgx msMV‡bi ms½v (BKvgv‡Z Øx‡bi KvR 2. Bmjvgx Kg©x evwnbx|
AvÄvg ‡`q †h msMVb Zv‡KB ejv nq Bmjvgx msMVb)| 3. Bmjvgx cwiPvjbv wewa|
3. Avjøvni wb‡`©k (†Zvgiv msNe×fv‡e Avjøvni i¾y‡K Bmjvgx msMVb I BKvg‡Z Øxb
AvuK‡o ai| Avj Bgivb-103) 1. mgv‡Ri PvKv MwZkxj
4. ivmyj (m:) Gi evYx| 2. AkvwšÍi gyj Kvib Bmjv‡gi Abycw¯’wZ
5. wZb Rb n‡jI RvgvqvZx Rxeb| 3. wecø‡ei Rb¨B Bmjv‡gi Avwe©fve
6. Rvbœv‡Zi ¯^v` Dc‡fv‡Mi Rb¨| 4. wecø‡ei cš’v evZjv‡bvi Rb¨ bex ivmyj
7. msMVb m¤ú‡K© Ig‡ii evZ©v|
[59]
 5. `vIqvZ, msMVb, cÖwk¶‡bi gva¨‡g mgvR wecøe I kvwšÍ Bmjvgx msMV‡b c`‡jvfxi ¯’vb
cÖwZôv| 1. AvZ¥ c~Rvix ev ¯^v_©vÜ e¨w³B †bZ„‡Z¡i †jvf †cvlb
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi j¶¨ K‡i|
1. Avjøvni m‡šÍvl AR©‡bi Dcvq gvbe m„wói D‡Ïk¨ mvab 2. c` PvB‡j Zv‡K ‡`qv hv‡ebv|
Avi Zv Ave&` wnmv‡e Avjøvni weavb gyZv‡eK AvZ¥MVb, 3. `yBRb evBqvZ MÖnb Kiv nq, ZLb hvi evBqvZ †k‡l
cwievi MVb, `j MVb I ivóª MVb| cÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi weiæ‡× jovB Ki|
2. Bmjvgx ivóª cÖwZôv Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j nZvkvi †Kvb KviY 4. Bmjvgx msMVb ev iv‡óªi Rbmg_©bcyó GKRb Avgxi
†bB| eZ©gvb _vKv Ae¯’vq wØZxq †Kvb e¨w³‡K Avgxi ¯^xKvi
3. Kiv hv‡e bv|
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi †bZ…Z¡ KvVv‡gv 5. c`‡jvfx e¨w³ AvwLivZ eiev` K‡i|
1. †bZv GKRb| Bmjvgx msMV‡bi civgk©
2. Avgxi wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡g nq| 1. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi cÖavb ‰ewkó¨ civgk© ‡`qv I †bqv|
3. c¨v‡bj _vK‡Z cv‡i| 2. civg‡k©i ¸iæZ¡, cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I c×wZ|
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi †bZ…Z¡ wbe©vPb Bmjgx msMV‡bi wm×všÍ MÖnb
1. ZvKIqv| 1. c~e© cÖwZwôZ †Kvb aviYv wb‡q mfvq Avm‡eb bv|
2. †hvM¨Zg e¨w³| 2. Cgvb, Bjg I wbi‡c¶ wPšÍv-fvebv wb‡q; †jvf, fq
3. K¨vbfvm †bB| †Kv›`‡j c‡o wb‡Ri cÖK…Z g‡bvfv‡ei wecixZ gZ e¨³
4. cÖv_©x nIqv hvq bv| Ki‡eb bv|
Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸bvejx 3. g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i G‡K A‡b¨i e³e¨ kªeb I mwVK A_©
1. Áv‡bi †¶‡Î †kªôZ¡ Abyaveb|
2. DbœZ Avgj 4. wbtms‡Kv‡P gZvgZ †ck|
3. bgª e¨envi 5. Dˇgi †gvKv‡ejvq g‡Zi Kzievbx|
4. mvnwmKZv 6. me© m¤§Z wm×v‡šÍi ‡Póv|
5. mgqvbyewZ©Zv 7. me© m¤§Z wm×všÍ wb‡Z bv cvi‡j AwaKvsk g‡Zi
6. mvsMVwbK cÖÁv Av‡jv‡K wØ-gZ †cvlb f~‡j hv‡eb|
7. †cÖibv m„wói †hvM¨Zv 8. Avgxi ØxgZ †cvlb Ki‡j m`m¨‡`i mv‡_ mvaviY
8. my-fvlY civgk©|
9. bw_ cÎ msi¶‡b cvi`wk©Zv Bmjvgx msMV‡b Kg©x cwiPvjbv
10. wnmve msi¶‡b cvi`wk©Zv| 1. Av`‡k©i Av‡jv‡K gb gvbwmKZv MVb|
Bmjvgx †bZ„‡Z¡i cÖavb f~wgKv 2. Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb I msMVb m¤ú‡K© my¯úó aviYv `vb|
 †bZ…Z¡‡K †K›`ª K‡i mKj KvR AveZ©xZ nq 3. Bmjv‡gi eywbqv`x wb‡`©k¸‡jv‡K wb‡Ri Rxe‡b ev¯ÍevwqZ
1. ZvKIqv Kivi Rb¨ DØy×KiY|
2. DLyqvZ m„wó 4. gg© Dcjw× K‡i wbqwgZ Avj-KziAvb I Avj-nv`xm
3. Z¨v‡Mi Aby‡cÖibv m„wó Aa¨q‡b DØy×KiY|
4. Kg©x‡`i gv‡S Bbmvd Kv‡qg 5. Rvgvqv‡Zi mv‡_ mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Z DØy×KiY|
5. wec` gywme‡Z ‰ah© Aej¤^‡bi Zvjxg 6. AvZ¥mgv‡jvPbvq DØy×KiY|
6. Avjøvni m‡šÍvl AR©b‡KB mKj ZrciZvi †K›`ªwe›`y iƒ‡c 7. `vIqvZx Kv‡R DØy×KiY|
Dc¯’vcb| 8. `vIqvZx Kv‡R mn‡hvwMZv `vb|
Bmjvgx †bZ…‡Z¡i Revew`wn 9. `vIqvZx Kv‡Ri wi‡cvU© MÖnY|
1. Revew`nx Ki‡Z cÖ¯‘Z _vK‡Z n‡e| 10. Bbmvd dx mvexwjjvn-i Rb¨ DØy×KiY|
2. Revew`nx Ki‡Z n‡e `yB ¯’v‡b| 11. myk„•Lj Rxeb hvc‡b DØy×KiY|
• wbe©vPK gÛwji Dci | 12. mgq m‡PZbZv m„wó|
• Avjøvni wbKU| 13. cwi”Qbœ g‡bi AwaKvix nIqvi Rb¨ DØy×KiY|
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi AvbyMZ¨ 14. Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv m¤ú‡K© my¯úó avibv `vb|
1. Avjøvni AvbyMZ¨ 15. mywbw`©ó `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y|
2. ivmy‡ji AvbMZ¨ 16. `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b DØy×KiY|
3. Dwjj Avgi ev `vwqZ¡kxj‡`i AvbyMZ¨ 17. Kv‡Ri Z`viK KiY|

[60]
 18. Kv‡Ri wi‡cvU© MÖnY| 1. Av‡›`vj‡bi ¶wZ Kivi Rb¨ Bmjvgx msMV‡b Xy‡K c‡o|
19. wi‡cvU© ch©v‡jvPbv| 2. Bmjvgx msMV‡b `vwqZ¡kxj‡`i AvbyM‡Z¨i wfwˇZ
20. mgvR Kg©xiƒ‡c f~wgKv cvj‡b DØy×KiY| AvNvZ nv‡b|
21. e¨vcK cwiwPwZ AR©‡b DØy×KiY| 3. ‡bZ…¯’vbxq I Kg©x‡`i m¤ú‡K©i mskq m„wó K‡i|
22. Kg©x‡K mye³viƒ‡c Mob| 4. Bmjvgx msMV‡bi cÖwZ AvNvZ nvbvi Rb¨ gy‡Lvk avwiiv
23. ¯^-PvwjZ Kg©xiƒ‡c AvZ¥MV‡b DØy×KiY| NycwU †g‡i e‡m _v‡K|
24. bZzb Kgx© MV‡bi Rb¨ Kg©x‡K DØy×KiY| `„óvšÍ:-
25. msMV‡bi e³e¨ h_v kxNÖ AewnZ KiY| (K) hvqbve web‡Z Rvnv‡ki we‡q‡K †K›`ª K‡i ivmy‡ji (m:)
26. wbw¯Œq Kg©xi mv‡_ h_v kxNÖ †hvMv‡hvM ¯’vcb| cÖwZ Acev`|
27. civgk© kªeY| (L) Avwqkv (iv) GK Awfhv‡b †cQ‡b c‡o hvIqv Ges GK
28. AMÖmi Kg©x‡K mvsMVwbK cÖwk¶Y `vb| mvnvexi mv‡_ g`xbvq Avkvi Acev`|
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi ¯^vfvweK ea©b
Bmjvgx msMV‡bi Kg©xi AvZ¥MVb 1. Bmjvgx msMV‡bi µgweKv‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb wbijm Kg©x
1. Avjøvni w`‡K Avnevb| evwnbx|
2. GKvMÖZv mnKv‡i mvjvZ Av`vq| 2. Kg©x‡`i gvb I RbM‡bi avibv e`jv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb
3. Avj-KziAvb Aa¨qY| mgq|
4. Avj-nv`xm Aa¨qY | 3. Avjøvn KziAv‡b Gi µgweKv‡ki PviwU ch©vq D‡jøL
5. mnvqK mvwnZ¨ Aa¨qb | i‡q‡Q|
6. ivwÎ RvMiY | (K) AsKzi †ei Kiv |
7. Avjøvni c‡_ A_© `vb | (L) kw³ AR©b Kiv |
8. mKj Kv‡R Avjøvni ¯§iY| (M) †gvUv-ZvRv nIqv |
9. ivm~‡ji cÖwZ `iƒ` cov (N) Kv‡Ûi Dci `„pfv‡e `vwo‡q hvIqv|
10. AvZ¥ mgv‡jvPbv ga¨eZ©x ¯Í‡ii msMV‡bi KvR
11. mvIg cvjb 1. Da©Zb msMV‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z KvR|
12. †gŠwjK gvbexq ¸Y AR©b 2. wbR¯^ ¯Í‡i Kvibxq KvR|
13. cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© webóKvix KvR eR©b| 3. Aat¯’b msMV‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z KvR|
gy‡Lvk civ `ykgb‡`i f~wgKv

Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb: Kg©x‡`i cvi¯úvwiK m¤ú©K-17

cÖv_wgK K_vt HwZnvwmKfv‡e GK_v mZ¨ †h, cªvK Bmjvgx hy‡M 2. Pwi‡Îi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I Zvi †gŠwjK ˆewkó¨|
gvby‡l gvby‡l ‡Kvb åvZ„‡Z¡i eÜb wQjbv| wewfbœ †MvÎ, `j, 3. m¤úK©‡K weK…wZ †_‡K i¶v Kivi Dcvq|
Lv›`v‡b wef³ wQj| wQj ci¯ú‡ii i³ wccvmy I Rvbgvj B¾‡Zi 4. m¤úK©‡K `„pZi Kivi cš’v|
`ykgb| GgZve¯’vq kÎæZv fy‡j mym¤úK© I åvZ…‡Z¡i gnvb wk¶v K. cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i wfwË Zvi ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv
w`‡qwQj nhiZ gynv¤§` (mv)| hvi cÖfv‡e me©Kv‡ji me‡P‡q 1. m¤ú‡K©i wfwË I gh©v`v
wek„OLj RvwZ me©‡kªó RvwZ‡Z iæcvšÍwiZ n‡Z †c‡iwQj| cÖwZôv (K) m¤ú‡K©i cÖK…wZ
Ki‡Z †c‡iwQj GKwU Av`k© ivóª, Avi Zv m¤¢e n‡qwQj †KejgvÎ (L) Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡`i m¤úK© GKwU Av`wk©K
cvi¯úwiK åvZ…‡Z¡i my¯úó cÖwZôvi gva¨‡g| myZivs ejv hvq m¤úK©
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡`i Rb¨ Ggb GKwU Jla Z_v (M) GUv †Kvb nvjKv ev Vyb‡Kv m¤úK© bq| Mfxi I
cvi¯úwiK mym¤úK© I åvZ…Z¡‡ev‡ai RvMiY AwZe cÖ‡qvRb| cÖMvi fvjevmv Ges w¯’wZkxjZvi mgš^‡q iwPZ|

†gŠwjK Av‡jvPbvt 2. åvZ…Z¡ Cgv‡bi Acwinvh© `vwe

cÖK…Z c‡¶ Av‡jvP¨ welq n‡”Q wZbwU (K) cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i Dci ‡MvUv Rxeb Ir‡cªvZ fv‡e
1. cÖ‡qvRbxq ¸bvejx| RwoZ GRb¨ Cgvb gywgb‡`i ‡K mKj gvbyl‡`i mv‡_
2. aŸsm I `ye©jKvix Dcv`vb Ges Zv †Z‡K euvPvi Dcvq| mvaviY fv‡e Ges ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ we‡klfv‡e m¤úK©
3. †h mg¯Í ¸bvejx m¤úK©‡K gReyZ I DbœZ K‡i| ¯’vc‡bi wb‡`©k †`q|
eBwUi 4wU fv‡M i‡q‡Qt (L) Avi G m¤úK©‡K Av`j I Bnmv‡bi Dci cªwZôv
1. cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i wfwË, Zvi ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv| Kivi Rb¨ GKwU c~b©v½ Rxeb e¨e¯’vi w`K wb‡`©kbv ‡`q|
[61]
3. wek¦e¨vcx Bmjvgx wec‡ei Rb¨ åvZ…Z¡ Acwinvh© Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©xMY ci¯úi G‡K A‡b¨i †`vlÎæwU gvR©bv
(K) Cgv‡bi j¶¨ n‡”Q wek¦e¨vcx Bmjvgx wecøe m„wó Ki‡eb| KviY hviv `ywbqvi Rxe‡b Zv‡`i‡K ¶gv K‡i ‡`‡eb|
(L) wecø‡ei Rb¨ GKwU my`„p, w¯’wZkxj I åvZ…Z¡m~jf Zv‡`i‡K Avjøvn Zvqvjvi ¶gv I gvR©bvi fxwZ MÖnY Kiv DwPr|
m¤úK© Acwinvh©| 7. wbf©iZv :-
(M) G m¤ú‡K©i cÖK…wZ n‡e mxmv Xvjv cÖvPx‡ii b¨vq| gywgbMb G‡K A‡b¨i Dci †hb wbf©i Ki‡Z cv‡i| A_©vr Zvi
4. åvZ…‡Z¡i `vwe Zvi ¸iæZ¡ I djvdj mg¯Í ‡Mvcb welqvw`i e¨vcv‡i I c~Y© wbðqZvi mv‡_ cÖKvk Ki‡Z
(K) åvZ…‡Z¡i `vwe n‡”Q †mvnv`©¨g~jK m¤úK©, eÜzZ¡, cv‡i A‡b¨i Kv‡Q| Avi GUvB nj åvZ…‡Z¡i `vwe|
ingZ I fvjevmvi m¤úK© 8. g~‡j¨vcjw× :-
(L) åvZ…‡Z¡i ¸iæZ¡, ivmy‡ji evbx-Ò‡Zvgiv Z‡Zv¶Y gvbyl Zvi G m¤ú‡K©i ¸iæZ¡ I gh©v`v m¤ú‡K© GZUzKz AewnZ
ch©šÍ gywgb n‡e bv, h‡Zv¶Y bv ci¯úi‡K fv‡jvevm‡eÓ n‡e, hv‡Z K‡i Gi mwVK g~j¨Uv †m Dcjw× Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avi
(gymwjg-Avey ûivqiv) GUv ZLwb m¤¢e n‡e hLb †m †Kvb µ‡gB Zvi G m¤úK© wQbœ Ki‡Z
(M) åvZ…‡Z¡i djvdj:-  Cgvb c~b© n‡e  Av‡Liv‡Zi m¤§Z n‡ebv|
mdjZv M. m¤úK©‡K weK„wZ †_‡K i¶v Kivi Dcvqt
5. AvwLiv‡Z åvZ…‡Z¡i mydj 1. AwaKv‡i n¯’‡¶c :-
(K) Avjøvni D‡Ï‡k¨ fvjevmvi m¤úK© ¯’vcb Kvixiv GKRb gymjgv‡bi KZ©e¨ n‡”Q Zvi fvB‡qi AwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ †Kvb
Avi‡ki QvqvZ‡j _vK‡eb GKwU AwaKvi I niY Kivi Aciva hv‡Z †m Aciva bv nq Zvi
(L) m¤úK© ¯’vcb Kvix‡`i Rb¨ b~‡ii wg¤^i ‰Zwi n‡e| cÖwZKv‡ii w`‡K `„wó ivLv| ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb, Ò‡h e¨w³ Kmg
6. cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i ¸iæZ¡ †L‡q †Kvb gymjgv‡bi nK bó K‡i‡Q, Avjøvn wbtm‡›`‡n Zvi cÖwZ
(K) †KejgvÎ Avjøvni Rb¨ GK Cgv‡bi wfwˇZ Rvnvbœvg‡K Awbevh© Ges RvbœvZ‡K nvivg K‡i w`‡q‡Qb|
cvi¯úwiK fvjevmvi m¤úK© ¯’vcb Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi 2. †`n I cÖv‡bi wbivcËv :-
Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~b© †Kvb gymwjg fvB‡qi †`n cÖv‡Yi wbivcËvi Rb¨ GKRb A‡b¨i
(L) cvi¯úwiK m¤ú‡K©i weK…wZ ‡MvUv Øxb‡K wbwðý K‡i Rb¨ me©`v cª¯‘Z _vK‡e| ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb, Ògymjgvb‡K Mvwj
‡`q| ‡`qv dv‡mKx Avi Zvi m‡½ jovB Kiv n‡”Q Kzdix|Ó (eyLvix,
L. Pwi‡Îi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I Zvi †gŠwjK ‰ewkó¨ gymwjg)
1. Kj¨vb Kvgbv :- 3. KUyfvlv I MvjvMvj :-
Kj¨vY Kvgbvi cÖK…Z gvb`Û n‡”Q †h, gvbyl wb‡Ri Rb¨ hv cQ›` †Kvb fvB‡K mv¶v‡Z MvjvMvj Kiv Zvi m‡½ KUz fvlvq K_v ejv
Ki‡e Zvi fvB‡qi Rb¨ ZvB cQ›` Ki‡e| ZvB Bmjvgx Ges VvUªv we`ªyc Kiv m¤ú~b© bvRv‡qR| ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb, Ò†Kvb
Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©xMY ci¯úi‡K fvjevm‡e Ges Kj¨vY Kvgbv Ki‡e KUyfvwl I ev` ¯^fve wewkó e¨w³ RvbœvZ cÖ‡ek Ki‡e bv|Ó
‡hiƒc m‡nv`i fvB‡qi Kj¨vY Kvgbv Kiv nq| 4. MxeZ :-
2. AvZ¥Z¨vM :- MxeZ n‡”Q gvbyl Zvi fvB‡qi mvg‡b bq eis Zvi ‡cQ‡b e‡m
GKRb gymjgvb Zvi fvB‡qi Rb¨ ïay wb‡Ri cQ›`‡K cQ›`B wb›`v Kiv|
K‡ibv eis wb‡Ri Dci Zv‡K AMÖvwaKvi †`q| 5. †QvMj‡Lvix :-
Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©xMY wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvRb‡K gyjZex ‡i‡L Mxe‡Zi GKwU we‡kl iƒc nj †PvMj‡Lvix| ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb,
Ac‡ii cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡eb| Ò‡PvMj‡Lvi Rvbœv‡Z hv‡e bv|Ó
3. Av`j (mywePvi) :- 6. kiwg›`v Kiv :-
K) †jvK‡`i AwaKv‡ii †¶‡Î mgZv I fvimvg¨ eRvq ivLv Avcb fvB‡K Zviv mv¶v‡Z ev Ab¨ †jv‡Ki mvg‡b Zvi †`vl ÎæwUi
L) cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki AwaKvi ¯^vaxb I wbi‡c¶ fv‡e eywS‡q w`‡Z n‡e| Rb¨ j¾v †`Iqv Ges Gfv‡e Acgvb Kiv kiwg›`vi AšÍfy©³|
4. Bn&mvb (m`vPiY) :- ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb, Ò†h e¨w³ Zvi fvB‡K Zvi ¸bv‡ni Rb¨ j¾v
K) Bnmvb A_© nj m¤ú‡K©i ‰mv›`h©¨ I c~b©Zv `vb Kiv| w`j Zvi Øviv †mB ¸bvn KvR bv nIqv ch©šÍ †m g„Zy¨eiY Ki‡e
L) m¤ú‡K©i †¶‡Î Av`j hw` AcªxwZ I wZ³Zv †_‡K i¶v K‡i bv|Ó ivmyj (mv:) Av‡iv e‡jb, ÒZv‡`i‡K †Kvb †`vl ev ¸bv‡ni
Z‡e Bnmvb Zv‡Z gvayh© I m¤cÖxwZ m„wó K‡i| j¶¨ evwb‡q kiwg›`v I AcgvbxZ K‡i bv|Ó
5. ingZ :- 7. wQ`ªv‡š^lY :-
K) ing‡Zi G ¸YB e¨w³‡K RbwcÖq K‡i †Zv‡j Ges mvaviY †Kvb fvB‡qi †`vlÎæwU Ly‡R †eov‡bvB wQ`ªv‡š^lY Kiv| ivmyj
†jvK‡`i‡K Zvi cªwZ AvK…ó K‡i| (mv:) e‡jb, Ògymjgvb‡`i †`vl Luy‡R †ewo‡qvbv| KviY, †h e¨w³
L) ivmy‡ji evbx- Òhviv ing K‡i, ingvb Zv‡`i cÖwZ ing K‡ib| Zvi gymwjg fvB‡qi †Mvcb †`vl I ¸bvn LuyR‡Z _v‡K, Avjøvn Zvi
†Zvgiv `ywbqvevmxi cÖwZ ing K‡iv, †hb Avmgvbevmx †Zvgv‡`i †Mvcb †`vl duvm Ki‡Z †j‡M hvb| Avi Avjvn hvi †`vl cÖKvk
ing K‡ib|Ó Ki‡Z †j‡M hvb, Zv‡K wZwb Acgvb K‡iB Qv‡ob-‡m Zvi N‡ii
6. gvR©bv :- g‡a¨B jywK‡q _vKzK bv †Kb|Ó
[62]
8. Dcnvm Kiv :- 2. `ytL K‡ó AskMÖnY:-
VvUªv we`ªæ‡ci gva¨‡g G‡K Ab¨‡K †nq cÖwZcbœ Kiv| Avjøvn cweÎ gywgYMb n‡”Q GKwU †`n| †`‡ni GK As‡k hw` AvNvZ cªvß nq|
KziAv‡b e‡jb, Ò‡n Cgvb`viMY, †Kvb m¤cÖ`vq Aci †Kv‡bv Z‡e Ab¨ Ask I †Zgb Kó Abyfe K‡i| wVK †Zgwb GK gymjgvb
m¤cÖ`vq‡K VvUªv K‡ivbv, m¤¢eZt †m Zvi PvB‡Z †kªô n‡e| Avi Aci gymjgv‡bi `ytL K‡ó kixK _vK‡e|
†Kvb bvix Aci †Kvb bvix‡K VvUªv K‡iv bv, m¤¢eZ †m †kªô n‡e 3. mgv‡jvPbv I bmxnZ :-
Zvi PvB‡Z|Ó (myiv ûRivZ : 11) wb‡Ri †`vl ÎæwU wb‡Ri †Pv‡L aiv c‡obv| ZvB gywgbMb G‡K
9. Zy”Q Ávb Kiv :- Aci‡K MVb gyjK mgv‡jvPbv I bwQn‡Zi gva¨‡g ms‡kvab Ki‡Z
Aci fvB‡K Zz”Q Ávb Kiv gvivZ¥K ¸bv‡ni KvR| ivmyj (mv:) n‡e| KviY nv`x‡m ejv n‡q‡Q GK gymjgvb Aci gymjgv‡bi
e‡jb, Ò‡Kvb gymjgvb Aci gymjgvb‡K bv Acgvb Ki‡e Avi bv Avqbv ¯^iƒc|
Zz”Q Ávb Ki‡e|Ó
10. wbK„ó Abygvb :- 4. †gvjvKvZ:-
cÖZ¨¶ Ávb Qvov †Kvb gymjgvb hw` Zvi fvB m¤ú‡K© A‡nZzK GK_v mZ¨ †h ci¯úi AwaK mv¶v‡Zi d‡jB GK Rb gvby‡li
m‡›`n K‡i Z‡e ZvnvB wbK…ó Abygvb| Abygvb K‡i K_v ejv mv‡_ Av‡iK Rb gvby‡li eÜb wU‡K _v‡K| myZvivs †gvjvKv‡Zi
¸bv‡ni KvR| G m¤ú‡K© Avjøvn cÖweÎ KziAv‡b e‡jb, Ò†n ¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg|
Cgvb`viMb, eû Abygvb †_‡K †Zvgiv †eu‡P _v‡Kv, wbtm‡›`‡n 5. iæMœ fvB‡qi cwiPh©v :-
†Kvb-‡Kvb Abygvb n‡”Q ¸bvn|Ó (myiv ûRivZ: 12) ivmyj (mv:) †Kvb e¨w³ hw` †ivMvµvšÍn‡q c‡o Z‡e Zvi †mev kÖækªlvi cÖ‡qvRb
e‡j‡Qb, Ò‡Zvgiv Abygvb cwinvi K‡iv, †Kbbv Abygvb n‡”Q nq| d‡j eÜz‡Z¡i eÜb Av‡iv `„p nq| ivmyj (mv:)e‡jb ÒhLb †m
wbK…óZg wg_¨v K_v|Ó (eyLvix,gymwjg; Avey ûivqiv iv:) †ivMvµvšÍ nq Zv‡K †mev Ki Ó|
11. Acev` :- 6. Av‡e‡Mi ewn:cÖKvk :-
Mxe‡Zi †P‡qI gvivZ¥K Aciva nj Ac‡ii Kv‡Q GK fvB m¤ú‡K© †Kvb gvby‡li g‡a¨ Kv‡iv cÖwZ †cªg fvjevmv _vK‡j Zv Av‡e‡Mi
wg_¨v ejv ‡h †`vl Gi g‡a¨ †m †bB| G m¤ú‡K© Avjøvn cÖweÎ gva¨‡g ewn:cÖKvk cv‡e| Gfv‡e cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© e„w× cv‡e|
KziAv‡b e‡jb, Òhviv gymjgvb cyiæl I gymjgvb bvixi cÖwZ wg_¨v 7. cÖxwZ I †Lvk-†gRv‡Ri mv‡_ gyjvKvZ :-
Acev` Pvwc‡q Kó†`q, Zviv Avcb gv_vq Ôeyn&ZvbÕ I ¯úó ¸bvn cwi”Qbœ gb w`‡q mv¶v‡Z K_v ejvi mgq wgwó K_v ejvi Ges VvÆv
Pvwc‡q wb‡jv|Ó (myiv Avnhve: 58) we`ªæc I Dcnvm †_‡K `~‡i _vKv| ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb, Ò‡bK
12. ¶wZmvab :- Kv‡Ri †fZi †Kv‡bvUv‡K Zz”Q Ávb K‡iv bv, hw` Zv Avcb
gywgb‡`i j¶¨ ivLv AwZe cÖ‡qvRb ‡h, Zvi Øvivq †hb A‡b¨i fvB‡qi mv‡_ †Zvgvi nv‡m¨v¾¡j mv¶vr Kivi Zyj¨I n‡e|Ó
¶wZ mvab bv nq| nvw`‡m ¶wZ mvab Kvix‡K Awfkß ejv n‡q‡Q| (gymwjg; Avey hi iv.)
13. g‡bvKó :- 8. mvjvg :- cvi¯úwiK m¤ú©K e„wׇZ mvjv‡gi weKí †bB|
gymjgvb‡`i Aek¨B Pjv-‡div, K_v-evZ©vq mZK© _vK‡Z n‡e †h, mvjv‡gi gva¨‡g AÜKvi `~ixf~Z nq| GRb¨ ivmyj (mv:) e‡jb,
Zvi Øviv †hb †KD g‡bvKó bv cvq| KviY Gi Øviv m¤úK© bó nq| Òci¯úi mvjvg wewbgq Ki|Ó
14. †avKuv ‡`Iqv :- 9. gyQvdvnv :-
K_v evZ©v ev †jb‡`‡b Avcb fvB‡K †avuKv †`qv ev wg‡Q K_v ejv gyQvdvnvi gva¨‡g cvi¯úwiK fv‡jvevmv I ü`qv‡eM cÖKv‡ki
m¤ú‡K© gymjgvb‡`i‡K Aek¨B ¯§ib ivL‡Z n‡e| ivmyj (mv:) wØZxq gva¨g| A_©vr mvjv‡gi †MvUv fveavivB Gi Øviv c~bZ © vcÖvß
e‡j‡Qb, Òme PvB‡Z eo wLqvbZ n‡”Q GB ‡h, Zzwg †Zvgvi nq| ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb, ÒgyQvdvnvi Øviv †Zvgv‡`i cvi¯úwiK
fvB‡K †Kv‡bv K_v ej‡j †m †Zvgv‡K mZ¨ev`x g‡b Ki‡jv; A_P mvjv‡gi c~Y©Zv cÖvwß N‡U|Ó (wZiwghx; Avey Dgvjvû iv.)|
Zzwg Zv‡K wg_¨v K_v ej‡j|Ó (wZiwghx; mywdqvb web Avmv`)
15. wnsmv :- 10. DrK…ó bv‡g WvKv :-
wnsmv ev cikªxKvZiZv GK N„Y¨ e¨vwa| GB gvivZ¥K e¨vwai cÖfv‡e KvD‡K Zvi cQ›`bxq fvlvq m‡¤^v‡avb Ki‡j †m Lykx nq|
†jvK‡`i Cgvb wecbœ n‡q c‡o| wnsmvi g~‡j KZ¸‡jv wRwbm AvšÍwiKZv P‡j Av‡m| c¶všÍ‡i Dcbv‡g ev weK…Z bv‡g WvK‡j gb
_v‡K| †hgb we‡Øl, kÎæZv, e¨w³MZ AnwgKv, Ac‡ii m¤ú©‡K Lvivc K‡i m¤úK© bó nq|
nxbgbœZv Aci‡K AbyMZ Kivi †cªibv BZ¨vw`| ivmyj (mv:) 11. e¨w³MZ e¨vcv‡i DrmyK¨ :-
e‡j‡Qb, Ò‡Zvgiv wnsmv †_‡K †eu‡P _vK| Kvib Av¸b †hgb AvšÍwiK fv‡jvevmvi GKwU Ab¨Zg ZvwK` n‡”Q, wb‡Ri e¨w³MZ
jvKwo‡K †L‡q †d‡j, wnsmv wVK †Zgwb †bKx I cyY¨‡K †L‡q e¨vcv‡ii b¨vq Avcb fvB‡qi e¨w³MZ e¨vcv‡iI DrmyK¨ †cvlY
†d‡j|Ó Kiv| ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb, ÒGK e¨w³ hLb Ab¨ e¨w³i m‡½
N.m¤ú©K `„pZi Kivi cš’vt eÜzZ¡ Ki‡e, ZLb Zvi Kv‡Q †_‡K Zvi bvg, Zvi wcZvi bvg Ges
1. gvb B¾‡Zi wbivcËv :- Zvi †MvÎ-cwiPq wR‡Ám K‡i wb‡e| KviY Gi Øviv cvi¯úwiK
GK gymjgv‡bi Rb¨ Av‡iK gymjgv‡bi gvb B¾‡Zi wbivcËv fv‡jvevmvi wkKo AwaKZi gReyZ nq|Ó (wZiwghx, BqvwR` web
wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| GUv m¤¢e n‡j AvšÍwiKZv M‡o D‡V| bvAvgvn iv.)
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12. nv`xqv :- cvi¯úwiK K_v evZ©vq †Kvb cÖ‡kœi Reve my›`i fv‡e ‡`qv hvq|
m¤úK© e„w×i AwZ DËg cš’v nj gv‡m gv‡m Dcnvi †`Iqv| ivmyj ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb, Ò`yBRb †cÖwg‡Ki g‡a¨ †mB n‡”Q †kªô, †h
(mv:) e‡j‡Qb, ÒG‡K Aci‡K nvw`qv cvVvI, Gi Øviv cvi¯úwiK Zvi fvB‡qi cÖwZ AwaK fv‡jvevmv †cvlY K‡i|Ó
fv‡jvevmv e„w× cv‡e Ges ü`‡qi `~iZ¡ I kÎæZv wejxb n‡q 17. Av‡cvl idv Ges Awf‡hv‡M LÛb :-
hv‡e|Ó (gyqvËv gvwjK; AvZ¡v) †Kvb e¨vcv‡i g‡bv gvwjb¨ n‡j Av‡cv‡l K‡i †bqv Ges Awf‡hvM
13. †kvKi-‡MvRvix :- LÛb Kiv| Awf‡hvM †_‡K evP‡Z n‡j Kibxq- cÖ_gZt
Ac‡ii fv‡jvevmv Dcjwä‡K cÖKvk Kivi R‡b¨ †kvKi-‡MvRvix Awf‡hv‡Mi my‡hvM bv †`Iqv, wØZxqZt `ivRw`j nIqv DwPZ,
n‡”Q GKwU DËg cš’v| ivmyj (mv:) e‡j‡Qb, Ò‡KD hLb Zuvi Z…ZxqZt Awf‡hvM cvjb bv K‡i Zvi fvB‡qi wbKU cÖKvk Kiv
†L`g‡Z wKQy †ck KiZ wZwb ïKwiqvi mv‡_ Zv MÖnY Ki‡Zb Ges DwPZ, PZz_©Zt Awf‡hv‡M AmšÍó bv n‡q Zvi cªwZ K…ZÁZv cÖKvk
†KD Zvi †Kvb KvR K‡i w`‡j †mR‡b¨ wZwb K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Kiv DwPZ, cÂgZt Awf‡hvM Rvbevi m‡½ m‡½B AvZ¥ms‡kva‡bi
Ki‡Zb| †Póv Kiv, lôZt Awf‡hvM ¯^xKvi Ki‡j Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡Z
14. GK‡Î e‡m Avnvi :- ‡Kvbiƒc Kvc©Y¨ bv Kiv|
AvšÍwiKZv I fvjevmv cÖKv‡ki GKwU PgrKvi cš’v nj GK‡Î e‡m 18. cÖfyi Kv‡Q ZIwdK Kvgbv :-
Avnvi Kiv| bex Kvixg (mv:)-Gi Kv‡Q †Kvb Lvevi wRwbm _vK‡j eÜzZ¡, åvZ…Z¡ I fv‡jvevmvi m¤úK© n‡”Q Cgv‡bi GKwU eywbqv`x
A_ev †Kv_v †_‡K wKQy Avm‡j wZwb †MvUv gRwjm‡K Zv‡Z kixK kZ©| GKRb fvB Av‡iK Rb fvB‡qi Rb¨ Avjøvni wbKU webxZ
Kiv‡Zb| fv‡e gybvRvZ Kiv DwPZ| Avjøvn cweÎ KziAv‡b e‡jb, Ò‡n
15. †`vqv :- Avgv‡`i cÖfy! Avgv‡`i‡K Ges Avgv‡`i †mB me fvB‡K ¶gv`vb
GKRb Av‡iK R‡bi Rb¨ †`vqv Ki‡j hw` †m e¨w³ Zv †`L‡Z Ki hviv Avgv‡`i c~‡e© Cgvb G‡b‡Q Ges Avgv‡`i w`‡j Cgvb`vi
cvq Z‡e ‡m gy» nq| Gfv‡e Avjøvni Kv‡Q cÖv_©bvi gva¨‡g m¤úK© †jvK‡`i Rv‡b ‡Kvb wnsmv I kÎæZv fve †i‡Lv bv| †n Avg‡`i
e„w× cvq| cÖfy! Zzwg eoB AbyMÖn m¤úbœ Ges KiæYvgq|Ó (myiv nvki : 10)
16. my›`ifv‡e Reve †`qv :-

[64]
 KwZcq NUbv
e`i hyy× 626 Lªxt GwcÖj gv‡m g`xbvi Bû`x I Ab¨vb¨ Avie †Mv·`i mv‡_
e`i hy× wØZxq wnRixi 17 ighvb †gvZv‡eK 624 Lªxt 14 gvP©, wb‡q P~ovšÍ fv‡e g`xbv Avµg‡Yi cÖ¯‘wZ wbj| GB msev` †c‡q
ïµevi w`b msNwUZ nq| Avey †R‡n‡ji †bZ…‡Z¡ g°vi Kvwdi ivm~j (mt) mvnvex‡`i mv‡_ civgk© K‡i AwfÁ mvnvex mvjgvb
gykwiKiv 1000 ‰mb¨ wb‡q g`xbv Avµg‡Yi Rb¨ Avm‡Q GB dvimx (ivt) Gi civgk©µ‡g g`xbvi Aiw¶Z w`K¸‡jv‡Z cwiLv
msev` †c‡q ivm~j (mt) mK‡ji civgk©µ‡g 313 Rb mvnvexi Lbb Ki‡jb| Kvwdiiv 10000 ‰m‡b¨i wekvj evwnbx wb‡q g`xbv
GKwU `j wb‡q g`xbv †_‡K 80 gvBj `~‡i e`i cÖvšÍ‡i DcbxZ AvµgY Kij wKš‘ cwiLv †`‡L Zviv nZf¤^ n‡q †Mj| ivm~j (mt)
nb| Dfq c‡¶i gv‡S GK i³¶qx hy× msNwUZ nq| gvÎ 3000 ‰mb¨ wb‡q GB AvµgY cÖwZnZ Ki‡jb| `xN© 27 w`b
Kvwdiiv g`xbv Ae‡iva K‡i iv‡L|
hy‡×i djvdjt
1. Kvwdiiv †kvPbxqfv‡e civwRZ nq| hy‡×i djvdjt
2. gymjgvbiv GK me©vZ¥K weRq jvf K‡i| 1. GB hy‡× Kvwdiiv fxlYfv‡e ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq I civwRZ nq|
3. gymjgvb‡`i 14 Rb knx` nb| 2. Dû` hy‡× wech©‡qi g‡bvKó `~i nq|
4. Kv‡di‡`i 70 Rb wbnZ nq Ges 70 Rb e›`x nq| 3. Awfkß Bû`x m¤cÖ`v‡qi gy‡Lvk D‡¤§vwPZ nq Ges
5. cÖwm× KzivBk †bZ…e„›` wbnZ nb| Zv‡`i kvw¯Í †`qv nq|
6. gymjgvbiv cÖPzi MYxgZ jvf K‡i| Bd&&‡Ki NUbv
Dû` hyy× lô wnRix‡Z hLb ivm~j (mt) ebx gy¯Ívwj‡Ki hy‡× Mgb K‡ib
e`i hy‡× civR‡qi cªwZ‡kva †bqvi Rb¨ wnRix Z…Zxq e‡l© Avey ZLb wewe‡`i g‡a¨ nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivt) Zvi mv‡_ wQ‡jb|
mywdqv‡bi †bZ…‡Z¡ 3000 ‰m‡b¨i (300 Dóªv‡ivnx I 200 BwZc~‡e© bvix‡`i c`©vi weavb bvwhj n‡qwQj| ZvB Av‡qkv (ivt)
Ak¦v‡ivnx) GKwU `j g`xbv Avµg‡Yi Rb¨ g`xbv †_‡K 5 gvBj GKwU c`©v wewkó Avm‡b e‡m ci‡Zb| Zvici †jv‡Kiv AvmbwU‡K
cwð‡g Dû` DcZ¨Kvq Dcw¯’Z nq| mK‡ji civgk©µ‡g ivm~j D‡Ui wc‡V DwV‡q w`Z| GUvB wQj wbZ¨Kvi Af¨vm| ebx
(mt) 100 eg©avix I 50 Rb Zxi›`vRmn 1000 ‰m‡b¨i GKwU `j gy¯Ívwj‡Ki hy× †_‡K †divi c‡_ GKwU NUbv NUj| GK gbwR‡j
wb‡q Dû` cÖvšÍ‡ii w`‡K iIqvbv nb| cw_g‡a¨ gybvwdKiv 300 Kv‡djv Zvey Kivi ci †kl iv‡Î cÖ¯Ív‡bi c~‡e© †NvlYv Kiv nj †h
‰mb¨ wb‡q evwnbx †Q‡o P‡j hvq| †kl ch©šÍ 700 gyRvwn` wb‡q Kv‡djv wKQz¶‡Yi g‡a¨B iIqvbv n‡e ZvB mevB †hb wbR wbR
ivm~j (mt) Dû` cÖvšÍ‡i Kv‡di‡`i weiæ‡× hy‡× AeZxY© nb| hy‡× cÖ‡qvRb †m‡i †bq| ZLb Av‡qkv (ivt) cÖvK…wZK cÖ‡qvRb mvi‡Z
cÖ_‡g gymjgvbiv weRq jvf K‡ib| ivm~j (mt) wcQ‡bi w`K R½‡ji w`‡K P‡j †M‡jb| †mLv‡b NUbvµ‡g Zvi Mjvi nvi
myiw¶Z ivLvi Rb¨ 50 Rb Zxi›`v‡Ri GKwU `j‡K cvnv‡oi Dci nvwi‡q †Mj| wZwb nvi LyuR‡Z Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| †ek wKQz mgq
`vwqZ¡ w`‡qwQ‡jb| gymjgvb‡`i weRq n‡q †M‡Q †f‡e AwZevwnZ nIqvi ci Kv‡djvi ¯’v‡b G‡m †`L‡jb Kv‡djv P‡j
Zxi›`vR‡`i H `jwU Zv‡`i RvqMv †Q‡o P‡j Av‡mb| GB my‡hv‡M †M‡Q| Gw`‡K †jv‡Kiv Av‡qkv (ivt) wfZ‡i emv Av‡Qb GB †f‡e
myPZzi Lvwj` web Iqvwj` Zvi `j wb‡q gymjgvb‡`i Dci wcQb Zvi AvmbwU D‡Ui wcV DwV‡q w`‡q iIqvbv n‡q †M‡Q| Av‡qkv
w`K †_‡K AvµgY K‡ib| hvi d‡j gymjgvb‡`i gv‡S wech©q (ivt) †h wfZ‡i †bB Zv Zviv eyS‡ZB cv‡ibwb| Kvib Av‡qkv
†`Lv †`q| wKš‘ Zvi c‡iI Kvwdiiv weRq AR©b Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| (ivt) mí eq¯‹ I Ih‡b AZ¨šÍ nvjKv wQ‡jb| nhiZ Av‡qkv
(ivt) Kv‡djv‡K bv †c‡q †QvUvQzwU bv K‡i eyw×gËvi mwnZ Pv`o
Mv‡q w`‡q e‡m iB‡jb| mgqwU wQj †kl ivwÎ ZvB wZwb e‡m
hy‡×i djvdjt
_vK‡Z _vK‡Z Nwg‡q co‡jb| Aciw`‡K mvdIqvb Be‡b
1. Dû` hy× gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ wQj ‰a‡h©¨i AwMœcix¶v|
gyqvËvj‡K ivm~j (mt) G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ wbhy³ K‡iwQ‡jb †h, wZwb
2. Dû` hy‡×i d‡j gymjgvb‡`i Cgvb Av‡iv LuvwU nIqvi
Kv‡djvi cðv‡Z mdi Ki‡eb Ges Kv‡djv iIqvbv n‡q hvIqvi
my‡hvM Av‡m|
ci †Kvb wKQz †d‡j †M‡j Zv Kzwo‡q wb‡eb| ZLbI mKv‡ji
3. GB hy‡× Dfq c‡¶iB A‡bK ¶q-¶wZ nq| gymwjg exi
Av‡jv D¾¡j n‡q D‡Vwb| mvdIqvb (ivt) GKRb gvbyl‡K e‡m
nvghv (ivt) kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib| Dgi I Avjx (ivt)
_vK‡Z †`L‡jb| c`©v diR nIqvi c~‡e© wZwb Av‡qkv (ivt) †K
mn A‡bK mvnvex AvnZ nb|
†`‡LwQ‡jb ZvB Av‡qkv (ivt) †K †`L‡B wP‡b †dj‡jb| †Pbvi
4. GB hy‡×i d‡j gymjgvbiv AvZ¥wbf©ikxj myk„•Lj
RvwZ‡Z cwiYZ nq| ci Zvi gyL †_‡K ÒBbœvnwjjøv‡n Iqv BbœvBjvBnx iv‡RDbÓ
D”PvwiZ n‡q †Mj| kã ïbvi mv‡_ mv‡_B Av‡qkv (ivt) Nyg †f‡½
L›`‡Ki hyy× †Mj Ges wZwb Zvi gyLgÛj †X‡K †dj‡jb| nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivt)
gnvbex (mt) Gi †bZ…‡Z¡ gymjgvb‡`i AMÖMwZ AcÖwZ‡iva¨ MwZ‡Z mvdIqv‡bi D‡U mIqvi n‡q †M‡jb Avi mvdIqvb (ivt) D‡Ui
G‡q Pj‡Q| Zv †`‡L g°vi †jv‡Kiv 5g wnRixi whjK¡v` gvm, iwk a‡i cv‡q †n‡U Pj‡Z jvM‡jb| Ae‡k‡l Zviv Kv‡djvi mv‡_

[65]
wgwjZ n‡jb| Avãyjvn web DevB wQj gybvwdK‡`i m`©vi I ivm~j 3. ag© wb‡q evovevwo K‡iv bv
(mt) Gi kÎæ | †m GB NUbv‡K GKwU myeY© my‡hvM g‡b K‡i 4. ‡bZvi AvbyMZ¨ K‡iv
Av‡qkv (ivt) bv‡g Lvivc K_v Qov‡Z jvMj| KZK mij cÖvY 5. esk ‡MŠie wbwl×
gymjgvbI Kvb K_vq mvov w`‡q Av‡jvPbvq †g‡Z DVj| cyiæl‡`i 6. mK‡jB Av`g I nvIqv ‡_‡K AvMZ
g‡a¨ nvgbvn& wQj GB †kªYxfy³| hLb GB Acev‡`i PP©v n‡Z 7. my` cÖ_v evwZj
jvMj ZLb ivm~j (mt) LyeB `ytwLZ n‡jb| nhiZ Av‡qkv (ivt) 8. Kv‡iv m¤ú` niY bv Kiv
Gi †Zv `yt‡Li †Kvb mxgvB wQjbv| mvaviY gymjgvbMYI Zxeªfv‡e 9. i‡³i e`jv bxwZ evwZj
†e`bvnZ n‡jb| GKgvm ch©šÍ GB Av‡jvPbv Pj‡Z jvMj| 10. bvixiv ‡Zvgv‡`i Rxe‡bi Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask
Ae‡k‡l Avjøvn ZvÕqvjv Av‡qkv (ivt) Gi cweÎZv Ges Acev` 11. `vm `vmx‡`i Dci AZ¨vPvi K‡iv bv
iUbvKvix I G‡Z AskMÖnYevix‡`i wb›`v I kvw¯Íi Dci m~iv b~i 12. mevB‡K Avjøvni Kv‡Q Revew`wnZv Ki‡Z n‡e
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kixq‡Zi wbqg Abyhvqx Aciax‡`i 80 wU K‡i †eÎvNvZ Ki‡jb| KyiAvb Ges AciwU nvw`m|
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Pzw³‡Z Ave× nq| GUvB û`vqweqvi mwÜ bv‡g cwiwPZ| knx` n‡eb|
mwÜi kZ©vejxt knx` wZb †mbvcwZ:
1. G eQi gymjgvbiv n¾¡ bv K‡iB wd‡i hv‡e| 1. nhiZ hv‡q` web nvwimv
2. cieZ©x eQi gvÎ wZb w`‡bi Rb¨ g°vq Ae¯ vb K‡i 2. nhiZ Rvdi web Avey Zvwje
n¾¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 3. nhiZ Avãyjøvn web ivIqvnv
3. AvZ¥i¶vi Rb¨ †KejgvÎ †Kvle× Zievix mv‡_ Avb‡Z Gici Lvwj` web Iqvwj` †mbvcwZi `vwqZ¡ cvb Ges exi‡Z¡i Rb¨
cvi‡e| ÔmvBdzjøvnÕ Dcvwa jvf K‡ib|
4. †Kvb g°vevmx g`xbvq Avkªq cÖv_©bv Ki‡j Zv‡K g`xbvq g`xbv mb`
Avkªq †`qv hv‡e bv| g`xbvq Bmjvgx iv‡óªi wfwË ¯’vc‡bi ci g`xbvq emevmKvix Bû`x,
5. wKš‘ †Kvb g`xbvevmx g°vq Avm‡j Zv‡K wdwi‡q w`‡Z Lªxóvb Ges gywZ©c~RK‡`i mv‡_ gymwjg m¤cÖ`v‡qi mnve¯’v‡bi Rb¨
g°vevmxiv eva¨ _vK‡e bv| gnvbex (m) GKwU mb` cÖYqb K‡ib| Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m GwUB
6. `k eQ‡ii Rb¨ gymjgvb I g°vevmxiv hy×-weMÖn †_‡K g`xbv mb` ev Chartar of Madina bv‡g cwiwPZ|
weiZ _vK‡e| cÖavb wKQz kZ©:
7. û`vqweqvi mwÜ 10 eQi ¯’vqx n‡e| 1. g`xbvi mKj m¤cÖ`vq‡K GKwÎZ K‡i GKwU mvaviY
mwÜi djvdjt RvwZ MVb|
1. g~jZ û`vqweqvi mwÜ wQj gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ GK 2. mKj m¤cÖ`v‡qi ag©xq ¯^vaxbZv cÖ`vb|
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2. G mwÜi d‡jB g°v weRqmn fwel¨‡Z gymjgvb‡`i 4. g`xbvi wbivcËv I cÖwZi¶v e¨e¯’v m¤ú‡K© my¯úó w`K
AMÖhvÎv AcÖwZ‡iva¨ MwZ‡Z Pj‡Z _v‡K| wb‡`©kbv|
5. ciivóª welqK Pzw³, mwÜ ¯’vcb, hy×bxwZ|
we`vq n¾ 6. †dŠR`vix `Ûwewa|
msNwUZ nq: `kg wnRwi, 632 LÖx: 23‡k ‡deªæqvwi 7. gnvbex (m) †K iv‡óªi mfvcwZ †NvlYv|
msL¨v: j¶vwaK mvnvex| ¯’vb: Avivdv‡Zi gq`vb ¸iæZ¡ :
fvl‡Yi g‚jK_v- 1. we‡k¦i BwZnv‡m GwUB cÖ_g wjwLZ msweavb|
1. AÜKvi hy‡Mi mg¯Í a¨vb aviYv åvšÍ 2. gvby‡li gh©v`v cÖwZôvq GB mb‡`i Av‡e`b hyMvšÍKvix|
2. ‡Zvgiv ci¯úi fvB fvB

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 3. GB mb‡`i Kvi‡YB gnvbex (m) GKRb Av`k© ivóªbvqK ZveyyK hyy×
I Av`k© RvwZ MVbKvix wn‡m‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡ib| beg wnRixi iRe gvm, 630 mv‡ji b‡f¤^i gv‡m GB Awfhvb
msNwUZ nq| †mB mg‡q †ivgvb mvgªvR¨ wQj c„w_exi me©e„nr kw³|
D‡Ui hy× gyÕZvi hy× msNwUZ nIqvi ci †_‡K †ivg mgªvU wnivwK¬qvm
D‡Ui hy× gymjgvb‡`i cÖ_g AvZ¥NvZx msNl©| wnRix 36 m‡bi gymjgvb‡`i MwZwewa j¶¨ ivL‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| beg wnRixi †mB
Rgvw`Dm mvbx gv‡m G hy× msNwUZ nq Avjx (iv) Ges nhiZ mg‡q Avi‡e `~wf©¶ I wek„•Ljv PjwQj| myZivs GB my‡hv‡M Avie
Av‡qkv (iv) Gi g‡a¨| hy‡×i mgq Av‡qkv (iv) D‡Ui Dci `Lj mnR n‡e †f‡e †ivg mgªvU Avie `Lj I Bmjvg‡K wPiZ‡i
mIqvi wQ‡jb| BwZnv‡m ZvB GB hy× ÔD‡Ui hy×Õ bv‡g cwiwPZ| gy‡Q †djvi PµvšÍ K‡ib| ZLb ivm~j (mt) †ivgvb‡`i GK j¶
g~jZ nhiZ Dmgvb (iv) Gi nZ¨vi wePvi‡K †K›`ª K‡i G hy× ‰m‡b¨i wecix‡Z 10 nvRvi ‰m‡b¨i GK evwnbx wb‡q ZveyK cÖvšÍ‡i
msNwUZ nq| nhiZ Avjx (iv) †P‡qwQ‡jb Dmgvb (iv) Gi Ae¯’vb †bb|
kvnv`v‡Zi c‡i m„ó wek„•Ljv wbimb Kivi ci wePvi Ki‡Z wKš‘ hy‡×i djvdjt
nhiZ Av‡qkv (iv) mn nhiZ Zvjnv (iv), hyevBi (iv) Gi gZ 1. GZ mgm¨vi c‡iI gymjgvb‡`i hy× cÖ¯w‘ Z †`‡L
wewkó mvnvexiv nhiZ Avjx (iv) Gi wLjvdZ jv‡fi ciciB wnivwK¬qvm evwnbx †cQ‡b nU‡Z _v‡K|
nhiZ Dmgvb (iv) Gi nZ¨vi wKmvm `vex K‡ib| A‡bK mvnvex G 2. AwZ Mi‡gi c‡iI gymwjg evwnbx Cgvbx kw³i cÖgvY
hy‡× †Kvb c‡¶B †hvM`vb K‡ibwb| Avkviv‡q gyevkkvivi m`m¨ Dc¯’vcb K‡ib|
nhiZ Zvjnv I hyevBi mn Dfq c‡¶i †gvU †Zi nvRvi gymjgvb 3. wewfbœ im` c‡Îi msKU m‡Ë¡I gymwjg exiMY †h Z¨vM I
G hy‡× knx` nb| nhiZ Av‡qkv (iv) GB hy‡×i Rb¨ cieZ©x‡Z Kzievbxi `„óvšÍ¯’vcb K‡ib Zv BwZnv‡m AvRI weij|
fxlY AbyZß nb| g°v weRq
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msNwUZ nq : 657 wLª: nhiZ Avjx I gyqvweqvi g‡a¨ gymjgvb‡`i wgÎ †MvÎ ebx †Lvhvqvi Dci AvµgY K‡i| d‡j ebx
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hy‡×i Kvib :
(mt) KzivBk‡`i wbKU wZbwU cÖ¯Íve iv‡Lb| h_vt
1. `ybx©wZ civqY kvmK‡`i AcmviY
1. Ab¨vqfv‡e nZ¨vK…Z eby †Lvhvqv †Mv‡Îi wbnZ‡`i ¶wZc~iY
2. miKvix m¤úwË cybiy×vi
w`‡Z n‡e|
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2. AvµgYKvix ebx eKi †Mv·K mKj cÖKvi mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv
wmdwdb hy‡×i NUbv cÖevn:
eÜ K‡i w`‡Z n‡e|
gyqvweqv (iv) ‡K `gb Kivi R‡b¨ nhiZ Avjx (iv) wmwiqv hvÎvi
3. û`vqweqvi mwÜ evwZj e‡j †NvlYv Kiv †nvK|
cw_g‡a¨ Dfq evwnbxi g‡a¨ hy× nq| wmwiqvq gyqvweqv evwnbx
g°vevmxiv †k‡lv³ cÖ¯Íve MÖnY K‡i| Zv‡`i wm×v‡šÍi K_v AeMZ
civR‡qi m¤¢vebv †`‡L mwÜi cÖ¯Íve ‡`q| Zviv Zx‡ii gv_vq
n‡q ivm~j (mt) g°v Awfhv‡bi cwiKíbv MÖnY K‡ib Ges 10000
KziAvb †i‡L ejj me mgm¨vi mgvavb KziAvb †_‡K Ki‡Z n‡e|
•m‡b¨i GK wekvj evwnbx wb‡q g°v Awfgy‡L hvÎv K‡ib|
Avjx (iv) Zv‡`i G †KŠkj eyS‡Z cv‡ib Ges hy× Pvwj‡q †h‡Z
gymjgvb‡`i GB evwnbx †`‡L Kvwdiiv nZf¤^ n‡q c‡o Ges webv
Pvb wKš‘ AwaKvsk mvnvexB KziAvb †`‡L hy× _vgv‡bvi c‡¶ gZ
i³cv‡Z g°v wewRZ nq|
†`b| gxgvsmv Kivi Rb¨ Avjx (iv) Gi c‡¶ Avey gymv Avkqvix
(iv) Ges gyqvweqv (iv) Gi c‡¶ Avgi Bebyj Avm (iv) †K wbhy³ ‡nvbvB‡bi hy×
Kiv nq| wm×všÍ n‡jv nhiZ Avjx (iv) I gyqvweqv (iv) DfqB g°v †_‡K wZb gvBj `~‡i Aóg wnRix 6 kvIqvj gv‡m eby -
Lwjdvi `vex Z¨vM Ki‡eb (hw`I gyqvweqvi (iv) Lwjdv nIqvi nvIqv‡hb †Mv‡Îi mv‡_ gymjgvb‡`i †nvbvB‡bi cÖv‡šÍ †nvbvB‡bi
†Kvb K_vB wQj bv) Ges Z„Zxq GKRb Lwjdv wbhy³ n‡eb| hy× msMwVZ nq| GB hy‡× gymjgvb‡`i c‡ÿ 12 nvRvi ‰mb¨ Ask
wm×všÍ Abyhvqx Avey gymv Avkqvix (iv) nhiZ Avjx (iv) Gi MÖnb K‡i| G‡`i g‡a¨ `k nvRvi gw`bv †_‡K g°vq G‡mwQ‡j
c`Py¨wZ ‡NvlYv w`‡jb wKš‘ Avgi Bebyj Avm mv‡_ mv‡_ gyqvweqv evwK `yB nvRvi bI gymwjg GB hy‡× Ask MÖnb K‡i| gykwiK‡`i
(iv) ‡K Lwjdv c‡` ‡NvlYv w`‡jb| Gi d‡j Bmjv‡gi BwZnv‡m cÿ‡_‡K GB hy‡× †bZ…Z¡ †`b gv‡jK Be‡b AvId,GB hy‡×
bex Kixg (m) Gi b¨vq †Ljvd‡Zi Kvh©Z Aemvb N‡U| †KŠkj wn‡m‡e cÖPzi A¯¿,ab-m¤ú`,im`-mvgMÖx bvix-wkï, cï-cvj
djvdj: wb‡q Dcw¯’Z nb| GB hy‡× gymjgvb‡`i msL¨v †ewk _vKvq Zviv
1. eny gymjgvb knx` cÖdzjø Abyfe KiwQj | wKš‘ nVvr Avµgb ïiæ n‡j gymjgvbiv
2. ‡Lvjvdv‡q iv‡k`vi Aemvb wew”Qbœ n‡q c‡o| †mB bvRyK mg‡q ivmy‡j Kvwig(mvt) bwRi
3. Lv‡iRx‡`i D™¢e wenxb weiË ImvnwmKZvi cwiPq †`b| d‡j gymjgvbiv GKwÎZ
4. Avjx (iv) Gi g„Z¨yi c_ cÖm¯’ n‡q Avµgb Ki‡j kÎæevnxwb wew”Qbœ n‡q c‡o|d‡j civwRZ n‡q
wewfYœ w`‡K cjvqb Ki‡Z _v‡K| gymjgvb‡`i weRq mywbwðZ nq|
GB hy‡× cÖPzi cwigvb ab-m¤ú` I DU MwbgZ wn‡m‡e jvf K‡i|

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GB hy‡× gykwi †`i mËi Rb gykwiK wbnZ nq| Avi gymjgvb‡`i mv¤cÖ`vwqK D‡ËRbv †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| Gi cÖwZev‡` †MvUv we‡k¦i
nq Pvi Rb knx`| gymjgvbiv cÖwZev` we‡¶v‡f †d‡U c‡o| evsjv‡`‡ki †ZŠwn`x
wkÿv t RbZvI we¶zä nq| cÖwZev`¯^iƒc Zviv 1985 mv‡ji 11 †g †MvUv
1. msL¨vwa‡ÿi Dci fimv bv K‡i Avjøvni Dci fimv Ki‡Z ‡`ke¨vwc we‡¶vf Kg©m~Px cvj‡bi †NvlYv †`q| †mw`b
n‡e| PuvcvBbeveM‡Äi C`Mvn gv‡V we‡¶vf Kg©m~Px cvjb Kivi mgq
2. GB hy‡× jvfK…Z Mwbg‡Zi gvj bI gymwjg‡`i gv‡S weZiY KzL¨vZ g¨vwR‡÷ªU Iqvwn`y¾vgvb †gvjøvi wb‡`©‡k miKv‡ii †c‡Uvqv
K‡ib| evwnbx †ZŠwn`x RbZvi Dci Aweivg ¸wj el©Y Ki‡Z _v‡K,G‡Z
Bmjvgx wkÿv w`em Avgv‡`i A‡bK fvB knx` nb| †mB NUbv‡K ¯§iY K‡i evsjv‡`k
1959 mv‡ji 2 AvM÷, cvwK¯Ív‡bi wk¶v e¨e¯’v wK n‡e? GB Bmjvgx QvÎwkwei 11 †g ÔKziAvb w`emÕ wn‡m‡e cvjb K‡i|
wel‡qi Dci NIPA (National Institute of Public KziAvb w`e‡mi knx`M‡bi bvgt
Adminstration) KZ©„K Av‡qvwRZ GK †mwgbv‡i XvKv 1. knx` Avãyj gwZb (mv_x cÖv_x©)
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †gavex QvÎ Avãyj gv‡jK Bmjvgx wk¶v e¨e¯’vi 2. knx` ivwk`yj nK (Kg©x)
cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi Dci hyw³wbf©i I cÖksmbxq GK e³…Zv Dc¯’vcb 3. knx` kxl †gvnv¤§`(Kg©x)
K‡ib| hvi d‡j ag©wbi‡c¶Zv I cÖMwZev‡`i duvKv eywj wb‡q hviv 4. knx` †gvt †mwjg(mg_©K)
memgq e¨¯Í _v‡K Zv‡`i hyw³i AmviZv cÖgvwYZ n‡q †Mj| 5. knx` kvnveywÏb (mg_©K)
Gici 12 AvM÷ XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wU Gm wm KZ©„K Av‡qvwRZ 6. knx` AvjZvdzi ingvb (K…lK)
Av‡iKwU †mwgbv‡i e³e¨ †`qv‡K †K›`ª K‡i K_v KvUvKvwU nq| 7. knx` †gv³vi †nv‡mb (wi·v PvjK)
hyw³ w`‡q †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z bv †c‡i ag©wbi‡c¶Zvi aR©vavixiv 8. knx` bRiæj Bmjvg (†ij kªwgK)
Avãyj gv‡jK fvB‡qi Dci †mvnivIqv`©x D`¨v‡b BU, iW I jvwV knx` w`em
wb‡q Svwc‡q c‡o| msÁvnxb Avãyj gv‡jK fvB‡K nvmcvZv‡j 1982 mv‡ji 11 gvP© ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi cÖkvmwbK fe‡bi
wb‡q hvIqv nq| †mLv‡b wZwb 15 AvM÷ kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib| cwðg PZ¡‡i Bmjvgx QvÎwkwe‡ii D‡`¨v‡M bexbeiY Abyôvb ïiæ
Bmjvgx wk¶v e¨e¯’vi Rb¨ Zvi wØavnxb Z¨v‡Mi gwngv‡K mvg‡b nq| Abyôvb ïiæ n‡j QvΉgÎx, QvÎjxM, QvÎ BDwbqb I Rvm`
†i‡L Zvi ¯^cœ‡K ev¯Í‡e iƒc`vb Kivi wbqgZvwš¿K `vwe wn‡m‡e GB QvÎjx‡Mi mw¤§wjZ I mycwiKwíZ mk¯¿ nvgjvq wZb Rb fvB
w`bwU‡K Bmjvgx wk¶v w`em wn‡m‡e cvjb Kiv nq| kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib| ¸iæZi AvnZ Avãyj ReŸvi fvB wPwKrmviZ
evjv‡KvU w`em Ae¯’vq 28 wW‡m¤^i kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib| Avjøvni Rwg‡b Avjøvni
nvRvi eQ‡ii gymwjg kvm‡bi ci GK cÖKvi `yt¯^‡cœi gZ AvBb cÖwZôvi Av‡›`vj‡bi Rb¨ Zv‡`i GB Rxeb`vb‡K ¯^iYxq
Dcgnv‡`‡k Bs‡iR kvmb cÖwZwôZ nq| Bs‡iR kvmb cÖwZôvi K‡i ivL‡Z GB w`bwU‡K knx` w`em wn‡m‡e cvjb Kiv nq|
Kvi‡Y g~jZ gymjgvbivB ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq| ZvB Av‡jg mgvR Bs‡iR knx‡`i bvg:
kvmb‡K KLbB †g‡b †bbwb| ZvB Bs‡iR kvm‡bi weiæ‡× 1. knx` mvweŸi Avn‡g`
memgqB Dcgnv‡`‡ki wewfbœ ¯’v‡b gymjgvb‡`i †bZ…‡Z¡ A‡bK 2. knx` Avãyj nvwg`
Av‡›`vjb M‡o D‡V| G mKj Av‡›`vj‡bi g‡a¨ ‰mq` Avng` 3. knx` AvBqye Avjx
†eijfxi †bZ…Z¡vaxb Av‡›`vjb wQj D‡jL‡hvM¨| wZwb 1814 Lªxt 4. knx` Avãyj RveŸvi
wkL‡`i weiæ‡× mk¯¿ msMÖvg ïi K‡ib| 1831 Lªxt †g gv‡mi 6 cëb Uª¨v‡RWx w`em (28 A‡±vei)
ZvwiL, †ivR ïµevi, 1246 wnRixi 20 wRjK¡`, gvwU‡Kv‡Ui DËi 2006 mv‡ji 28 A‡±vei, evsjv‡`k Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx, XvKv
w`‡K wkL ‰mb¨‡`i AMÖhvÎv †`Lv †Mj| Zv‡`i MwZ evjv‡KvU gnvbMix kvLv cëb GjvKvq evqZzj †gvKviig DËi ‡M‡U we‡Kj
cÖvšÍ‡ii w`‡K| evjv‡KvU cÖvšÍ‡i ïiæ nj gymwjg I wkL ‰mb¨‡`i wZbUvq GK mgv‡e‡ki Av‡qvRb K‡i| D³ mgv‡e‡k AvIqvgx
GK Amg hy×| GB hy‡× GK Rb gymwjg GKkZ Rb wkL ‰m‡b¨i mš¿vmxiv jwM ˆeVv I wewfbœ Av‡Mœqv¯¿ wb‡q cwiKwíZ nvgjv Ki‡j
†gvKvwejv Ki‡Z Ki‡Z kvnv`vZ eiY Ki‡jb| `ycyi 11 ev 12 Zvr¶wYK RvgvqvZ I wkwe‡ii cuvP Rb fvB knx` nb Ges
Uvi w`‡K ¸wji AvNv‡Z gvivZ¥K RLg n‡q gvwU‡Kv‡Ui Lv‡ji mnmªvwaK gvbyl AvnZ nb| G mwnsmZv XvKvi evB‡iI Qwo‡q c‡o
Zx‡i ‰mq` Avng` †eijfx kvnv`vZ eiY K‡ib| ZvB 6 †g †K Ges RvgvqvZ I wkwe‡ii AviI AvU Rb fvB kvnv`vZ eiY
evjv‡KvU w`em wn‡m‡e cvjb Kiv nq| K‡ib|
KziAvb w`em (11 †g) 28ÕA‡±ve‡ii NUbvq XvKvi knx`M‡Yi bvg :
1985 mv‡j fvi‡Z kxZj wms I cÙgj †Pvcov bvgK `yRb weag©x 1. ûmvBb †gv: gyRvwn`yj Bmjvg (QvÎwkwe‡ii m`m¨)
biwckvP nvB‡Kv‡U© cÙ Lv¯ÍMxi bvgK g¨vwR‡÷ª‡Ui Kv‡Q ixU 2. nv‡dR †Mvjvg wKewiqv wkcb (QvÎwkwe‡ii mv_x)
wcwUkb `v‡qi K‡i KziAvb‡K ev‡Rqvß Kivi Rb¨| Zviv Awf‡hvM 3. mvBdzjøvn gy. gvmyg (QvÎwkwe‡ii mv_x)
K‡i †h KziAv‡bi wKQz Avqv‡Z Kv‡di‡`i mv‡_ mivmwi hy‡×i 4. ‡gv: Rwmg DwÏb (RvgvqvZ Kg©x)
†NvlYv ‡`Iqv Av‡Q| AZGe KziAvb‡K ev‡Rqvß bv Ki‡j †`‡k 5. ‡gv: nvweeyi ingvb (RvgvqvZ Kg©x)

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 6. ‡gv: Rwmg DwÏb (RvgvqvZ Kg©x) e½f½ Kivi ci KjKvZvi wn›`yiv fxlYfv‡e ¶zä nq| bZzb
28ÕA‡±ve‡ii NUbvq XvKvi evB‡ii knx`M‡Yi bvg: cÖ‡`‡k gymjgvb‡`i cÖvavb¨ cÖfve I DbœwZi weivU m¤¢vebvi Kvi‡Y
1. ‡gv: iænyj Avwgb (Rvgvqv‡Zi iæKb, MvRxcyi) KjKvZvi wn›`y‡`i Kv‡qgx ¯^v‡_© Zxeª AvNvZ jv‡M| evsjvi
2. †gv: Rvwe` Avjx (Rvgvqv‡Zi iæKb, mvZ¶xiv) gymjgvb‡`i Dci Zv‡`i KZ…©Z¡ †kl n‡q hv‡e, XvKvi DbœwZ n‡e,
3. Avãyjøvn Avj dqmvj (QvÎwkwe‡ii mv_x, bvivqYMÄ) e¨vemv-evwY‡R¨i cÖmvi NU‡e GUv wKQy‡ZB Zviv †g‡b wb‡Z
4. ‡gv: iwdKzj Bmjvg (QvÎwkwe‡ii mv_x, KzwoMÖvg) cviwQj bv| ZvB Zviv Ôevsjv gv ‡K wØLwÛZ Kiv n‡”QÕ, Ôgv †K
5. ‡gv: AvivdvZ †nv‡mb (RvgvqvZ Kg©x, gv¸iv) fvM Kiv hvq bvÕ G e‡j gvqvKvbœv Ry‡o w`j| A_P GivB fviZ
6. gy. AveŸvm Avjx (RvgvqvZ Kg©x, †g‡nicyi) wefv‡Mi mgq evsjv‡K wef³ Kivi cÖwZev` K‡iwb| wek¦Kwe
7. †gv: mv‡ei †nvmvBb (RvgvqvZ Kg©x, bxjdvgvix) iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi KweZvi gva¨‡g G Av‡›`vjb‡K AviI †eMevb
K‡ib| weªwUk miKvi cÖ`Ë bvBU DcvwaI cÖwZev`¯^iƒc wZwb eR©b
e½f½ K‡ib| wn›`y‡`i gb i¶vq eojvU jW© nvwW©Ä 1911 mv‡ji 12B
1905 mv‡ji 1jv †m‡Þ¤^i jW© KvR©b evsjv cÖ‡`k‡K fvM K‡i wW‡m¤^i e½f½ i` K‡ib| evsjvi gymjgvb‡`i kvšÍ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨
`ywU Avjv`v cÖ‡`k K‡ib| GKwU cÖ‡`k MwVZ nq c~e©e½ I Avmvg XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq cÖwZôvi cÖwZkÖæwZ †`b|
wb‡q, Ab¨wU cwðge½, wenvi I Dwol¨v wb‡q| c~e©e½ I Avmvg
cÖ‡`‡ki cÖ_g †QvUjvU n‡jb e¨vgwdì dzjvi| ivRavbx nq XvKv| wØ-RvwZ ZË¡
G‡Z evsjvi gymjgvb‡`i Rxe‡b Dbœq‡bi †Quvqv jv‡M| wØ-RvwZ Z‡Ë¡i cÖe³v cvwK¯’v‡bi cÖwZôvZv †gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn|
e½f‡½i KviY : 1937 mv‡ji mvaviY wbe©vP‡b wn›`ycÖavb cÖ‡`k¸‡jv‡Z Ks‡MÖm Rqx
1. cÖmvkwbK myweav I `¶Zv e„w×| n‡q Ôgwš¿ cwil`Õ MVb K‡i Ges H mKj cÖ‡`‡k ÔivgivR¨Õ
2. c~e©evsjv‡K e„wUk Avg‡j KjKvZvi cðv`f~wg evwb‡q cÖwZôvi msKí K‡i| d‡j gymjgvb‡`i ag©xq mvs¯‹„wZK I
ivLv n‡qwQj| A_©‰bwZK Rxeb wewfbœfv‡e e¨vnZ n‡Z _v‡K| ZvB fviZxq
3. GLvbKvi Pvj, gvQ, gyiMx, wWg, `ya, cvU I hveZxq gymwjg wPšÍvwe`MY gymjgvb‡`i ¯^v_© i¶vi Rb¨ wØ-RvwZ Z‡Ë¡i
KuvPvgvj KjKvZvi cÖ‡qvRb c~iY KiZ| Avi KjKvZvi wfwˇZ gymjgvb‡`i Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ I ¯^vaxb iv‡óªi wPšÍvq mPwKZ n‡q
KviLvbvq Drcbœ `ªe¨ GLvbKvi evRv‡i weµq nZ| I‡Vb| wewfbœ cÖvšÍ †_‡K `vex I‡V Ògymjgv‡biv †Kvb GK
4. Z`ycwi wk¶v, PvKwi, e¨emv cÖf„wZ Agymwjg‡`iB m¤cÖ`vq bv, fviZ e‡l© Zviv GK ¯^Zš¿ RvwZÓ| AvšÍRv© wZK mgv‡R
Kzw¶MZ wQj| cÖ‡Z¨K RvwZi †hgb AvZ¥wbqš¿Y AwaKvi _v‡K fvi‡Zi
e½f½ i`: gymjgvb‡`iI †m AwaKvi
Av‡Q| ms¯‹…wZ, K…wó, KvjPv‡ii †¶‡ÎB †h gymjgvbMY ¯^Zš¿ ïay Amwnòz g‡bvfve Ges wZ³ AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K Kv‡q‡` AvRg
ZvB bq, evmf~wgi w`K †_‡KI Zv‡`i ¯^vZš¿¨ cwijw¶Z nq| DËi †gvnv¤§` Avjx wRbœvn 1939 mv‡j jv‡nv‡i GK Rbmfvq wØ-RvwZ
cwðg mxgvšÍ GjvKv Ges c~e© fvi‡Zi wKQz As‡k gymjgvbMY ZË¡ Dc¯’vcb K‡ib|
msL¨vMwiô| G mKj gymwjg msL¨vMwiô GjvKv wb‡q gymjgvb‡`i
Rb¨ c„_K ivóª cvwK¯Ívb MV‡bi gva¨‡g gymjgvb I wn›`y‡`i
Avjv`v Avevmf~wg cÖwZôvB wØ-RvwZ Z‡Ë¡i g~j| Ae‡k‡l Ks‡MÖ‡mi

[69]
 KwZcq gbxlxi Rxebx
nvmvb Avj evbœv
(Rb¥ : 14 A‡±vei, 1906, g„Zy¨: 12 †deªæqvix, 1949) wQ‡jb GKRb wgkixq mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK ms¯‹viK| wZwb gymwjg eªv`viûW `‡ji
cÖwZôvZv| 1906 mv‡j 14 A‡±vei wgk‡ii ivRavbx Kvq‡ivi Kv‡Q gvngyw`qv A‡j AZ¨šÍ ag©cÖvY gymjxg cwiev‡i Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib nvmvb Avj
evbœv| Zvi wcZvi bvg Avãyi ingvb evbœv| ev‡iv eQi eq‡m wZwb mydxev‡`i cÖwZ AvK…ó nb| wZwb †mB wK‡kvi eq‡mB weªwUk mvgªv‡R¨i weiæ‡×
c‡_ †b‡gwQ‡jb| Zvi wk¶v Rxeb ïiæ nq gv`ªvmvq ivkv` Av` bvgK cÖwZôv‡b| Gici wZwb Avj AvRnvi wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Aax‡b `viƒj Djy‡g
fwZ© nb| 1917 mv‡j †mLvb †_‡K wZwb wW‡cøvgv jvf K‡ib| nvmvb Avj evbœv 1927 mv‡j miKvix ¯‹z‡ji wk¶K wn‡m‡e †hvM`vb K‡i
Kg©Rxeb ïiæ K‡ib| G mgq wZwb wgk‡i cÖPzi ågY K‡ib Ges †mB mgqKvi eo eo Av‡jg‡`i ms¯c‡k© Av‡mb| Zvui bR‡i c‡o cvðv‡Z¨i
ag©wbi‡c¶Zvi cÖfv‡e wKfv‡e wgk‡ii mgvR µgk †fv‡Mi w`‡K Szu‡K co‡Q wKfv‡e mbvZb g~j¨‡eva †_‡K `~‡i m‡i Avm‡Q| cieZ©x‡Z wZwb
Avj AvRnvi wek¦we`¨vj‡q covïbv K‡ib| †mLv‡b wZwb mwe¯§‡q j¶ K‡ib wKfv‡e Lªxóvb wgkbvixiv Bmjv‡gi weiæ‡× bvw¯ÍKZv‡K DrmvwnZ
K‡i P‡j| 1928 mv‡j 6 Rb Bmjvgx e¨w³‡Z¡i mn‡hvwMZvq nvmvb Avj evbœv MVb K‡ib ÒBLIqvbyj gymwjwgbÓ msMVbwU, Avi wZwb †mB
msMV‡bi Avwgi wbe©vwPZ nb| msMVbwU‡K mvgvwRK wfwË w`‡Z cy‡iv wgki Ry‡o wZwb GKBm‡½ mgvRKj¨vY Ges Bmjvgx g~j¨‡eva cÖPv‡ii
wekvj †bUIqvK© M‡o †Zv‡jb| wgk‡ii cÖwZwU kn‡i M‡o I‡V kvLv msMVb| Bmjvg‡K mevi wbKU Dc¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ wZwb gwnjv‡`i‡K wb‡q
AvLIqvZ Avj gymwjgvZ bvgK msMVb M‡o †Zv‡jb| 1933 mv‡j Avj BLIqv‡bi cÖ_g m‡¤§jb AbywôZ nq| GB m‡¤§j‡b wm×všÍ nq GKwU
cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki | cwÎKvwUi bvg gvRvjøvZzj BLIqvbyj gymwjwgb| Zvi GB Kg©KvÛ wgk‡ii ZrKvjxb kvmK‡Mvôx‡K fxZ K‡i †Zv‡j| gvÎ 43
eQi eq‡m 1949 mv‡j kvmK‡kªYxi †jwj‡q †`Iqv ¸Ûvi ¸wj‡Z wZwb wbnZ nb|
mvB‡q¨` KzZze knx`
wek¦ Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Ab¨Zg cªvYcyiæl mvB‡q` KyZye knx` (in.)| mvB‡q` KyZye 1906 mv‡j wgm‡ii Dm&BDZ ‡Rjvi gykv M«v‡g KyZye
es‡k Rb¥M«nY K‡ib| Zvui wcZvi bvg nvRx Be«vnxg KyZye, gv‡qi bvg dvwZgv ‡nvmvBb Imgvb| gv ‡hgb wQ‡jb AZ¨šÍ ‡Lv`vfxiæ I Øxb`vi
‡Zgwb Zvui evevI wQ‡jb AZ¨šÍ ag©civqY I m”PwiÎevb| evev gv‡qi cvuP mšÍvb-mšÍwZi g‡a¨ mvB‡q` KyZye wQ‡jb mevi eo| mKj fvB‡evbB
D”Pwk¶v MÖnY K‡i Bmjvgx Rxeb c«wZôvi Av‡›`vj‡b kixK n‡q K‡Vvi Cgvbx cix¶vi gy‡LvgywL n‡q ‡MvUv we‡k¦i Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡`i
‡c«iYvi Drm n‡q iB‡jb|
mvB‡q` KyZy‡ei wk¶vRxeb ïiæ nq M«v‡gi c«v_wgK we`¨vj‡q| ‰kk‡eB wZwb KyiAvb kixd ‡ndR K‡ib| c«v_wgK we`¨vjq ‡k‡l wZwb Kvq‡ivi
ZvRwnqvZy `viæj Djyg gv`ivmvq fwZ© nb| 1929 mv‡j H gv`ivmvi wk¶v mgvß K‡i wZwb Kvq‡ivi weL¨vZ gv`ivmv `viæj Djy‡g fwZ© nb|
wZwb H gv`ivmv ‡_‡K 1933 mv‡j K…wZ‡Z¡i m‡½ weG wWwM« AR©b K‡ib Ges H gv`ivmvqB Aa¨vcK wbhy³ nb|
wKQyw`b Aa¨vcbv ‡k‡l wZwb wk¶v gš¿Yvj‡qi Aax‡b ¯‹yj B݇c±i wbhy³ nb| AvaywbK wk¶v c×wZi Ic‡i AwaK ÁvbvR©‡bi Rb¨ wk¶v
gš¿Yvjq Zv‡K hy³iv‡ó« ‡c«iY K‡i| ‡mLv‡b `y'eQ‡ii ‡Kvm© mgvß K‡i wZwb ‡`‡k wd‡i Av‡mb| ‡mLv‡b _vKvKv‡j wZwb e¯Íyev`x mgv‡Ri mv‡_
cwiwPwZ jvf K‡ib| e¯Íyev`x mgv‡Ri Ae¯’v ‡`‡L Zvi G c«Z¨q R‡b¥ ‡h, GKgvÎ Bmjvgx mgvRe¨e¯’vB gvbe mgvR‡K Kj¨v‡Yi c‡_ wb‡q
‡h‡Z cv‡i| Av‡gwiKv ‡_‡K ‡`‡k ‡divi ciB wZwb BLIqvbyj gym‡jgyb `‡ji Av`k©, D‡Ïk¨ I Kg©m~wP Mfxifv‡e hvuPvB Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡ib|
wZwb BLIqv‡bi Av`k© I D‡Ï‡k¨i mv‡_ GKgZ n‡q 1953 mv‡j H `‡ji m`m¨ nb Ges `‡ji Z_¨ I cÖPvi wefv‡Mi ‡m‡µUvwi wbe©vwPZ nb|
gyiwk‡` Avg wbe©vwPZ nb| mvB‡q` KyZye `‡ji ‡K›`«xq IqvwK©s KwgwUi m`m¨ g‡bvbxZ nb Ges `‡ji Av`k© c«Pvi I Av‡›`vj‡bi m¤úªmviY
Zvi cwiPvjbvax‡b AMÖmi n‡Z _v‡K| 1954 mv‡j mvB‡q` KyZye‡K BLIqvb cwiPvwjZ mvgwqKx-BLIqvbyj gym‡jgyb-Gi m¤úv`K wbe©vwPZ
Kiv nq| Zvi m¤úv`bv `vwqZ¡ M«n‡Yi Qq gvm c‡iB K‡b©j bv‡mi miKvi cwÎKvwU eÜ K‡i ‡`q| KviY H eQi wgmi miKvi e…wU‡ki m‡½
bZyb K‡i ‡h Pyw³ m¤úv`b K‡ib H cwÎKv Zvi K‡Vvi mgv‡jvPbv K‡i| cwÎKv eÜ K‡i ‡`qvi ci bv‡mi miKvi BLIqvb Kg©x‡`i Dci K‡Vvi
wbh©vZb ïiæ K‡i Ges GK ev‡bvqvU nZ¨v-lohš¿ gvgjvi Awf‡hvM G‡b `jwU‡K ‡eAvBwb ‡NvlYv Kiv nq Ges `‡ji ‡bZv‡`i‡K ‡MÖdZvi Kiv
nq| ‡MÖdZvi Kiv nq mvB‡q` KyZye‡KI| nvRvi nvRvi ‡jvK‡K ‡R‡j ‡V‡j ‡`qv nq Ges Zv‡`i Dci Ryjyg-wbh©vZ‡bi Ggb Pig w÷g ‡ivjvi
Pvjvb nq, hv ‡`‡L gvbe BwZnv‡mi Kv‡jv Aa¨vqI ‡Ku‡c I‡V| Ae‡k‡l QqRb ‡bZvi g…Z¨y`Û ‡`qvi gva¨‡g GB wbg©g BwZnv‡mi mgvwß N‡U|
‡M«dZv‡ii mgq mvB‡q` KyZye fxlYfv‡e R¡‡i AvµvšÍ wQ‡jb| mvgwiK Awdmvi Zv‡K H Ae¯’vq ‡M«dZvi K‡i Ges nv‡Z cv‡q wkKj cwi‡q
‡`q| G Ae¯’vq Zvu‡K ‡Kvb Mvwo‡Z bv Pwo‡q ‡Rj ch©šÍ ‡nu‡U ‡h‡Z eva¨ Kiv nq| AZ¨waK Amy¯’Zvi Kvi‡Y Pj‡Z ‡q wZwb evi evi ‡eûk
n‡q c‡ob| Ávb wd‡i G‡j wZwb D”PviY Ki‡Zb : Avjøvû AvKevi Iqvwjjøvwnj nvg`| ‡R‡j c«‡ek Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ wnsm« ‡Rj Kg©Pvixiv
Zv‡K wbg©gfv‡e gviwcU Ki‡Z _v‡K Ges `yNÈv a‡i G AZ¨vPvi Pj‡Z _v‡K| G‡ZB ‡kl bq, ee©i Rv‡jgiv Zvui Ici GKwU c«wk¶Y c«vß
KyKyi ‡jwj‡q ‡`q| KyKyiwU Zvui cv Kvg‡o a‡i ‡R‡ji Avw½bvq ‡U‡b wb‡q ‡eov‡Z _v‡K| Gi ci Zvu‡K wb‡q hvIqv nq GKwU wbR©b K‡¶|
‡mLv‡b Zv‡K GKUvbv mvZ NÈv wRÁvmvev` Kiv nq| i³v³ ‡e`bvq RR©wiZ kixi Gme kvixwiK I gvbwmK wbh©vZb mn¨ Kivi g‡Zv wQj bv|
wKš‘ Cgv‡bi e‡j ejxqvb cvnv‡oi g‡Zv AwePj g‡`© gyRvwn` Gme AgvbywlK AZ¨vPvi AKvZ‡i mn¨ K‡ib| G Ae¯’vq Zvui gy‡L D”PvwiZ n‡Z
_vKZ Avjøvn AvKevi Iqv wjjøvwnj nvg`|

[70]
K‡q`Lvbvi GK mv_x mvB‡q‡`i Ici wbh©vZ‡bi eY©bv w`‡Z ‡q wj‡L‡Qb, nvmcvZv‡ji wbKU w`‡q wZwb axi K`‡g G¸w”Q‡jb| Zvui c«k¯Í
Kcvj ‡_‡K AšÍ‡ii ¯^w¯Í ¯úó wSwjK gviwQj| ‡Pv‡Li PgK ‡_‡K S‡i cowQj b~‡ii aviv| wZwb Ggbfv‡e ‡U‡b ‡U‡b gvwUi Dci cv
‡d‡jwQ‡jb, ‡hb Zv kw³ nvwi‡q ‡d‡jwQj| cv‡qi A¯^vfvweK dyjv Rjøv‡`i wbôyiZvi Rb¨ ‡hb AvZ©bv` KiwQj|
Zvui Ic‡i Pvjv‡bv wefxwlKvgq wbh©vZ‡bi eY©bv w`‡q BDmyd Avj Avhg wj‡L‡Qb, ÔÔmvB‡q` KyZy‡ei Ici eY©bvZxZ wbh©vZb Pvjv‡bv nq|
Av¸b Øviv mviv kixi Sj‡m ‡`qv nq cywj‡ki c«wk¶Yc«vß KyKyi ‡jwj‡q w`‡q kix‡ii wewfbœ ¯’vb i³v³ Kiv nq| gv_vi Ici KL‡bv UMe‡M
Mig cvwb Xvjv n‡Zv| ci¶‡Y Avevi LyeB kxZj cvwb ‡X‡j kixi ei‡di g‡Zv VvÛv Kiv n‡Zv| cywjk jvw_, Nywl ‡g‡i GKw`K ‡_‡K Ab¨
w`‡K wb‡q ‡hZ|ÕÕ
Gfv‡e wbg©g wbh©vZ‡bi d‡j wZwb ¸iæZi Amy¯’ n‡q co‡j 1955 mv‡ji 2 ‡g Zv‡K mvgwiK nvmcvZv‡j cvVv‡bv nq| H eQ‡ii 13 RyjvB
gnKygvZym mve A_©vr RvZxq Av`vj‡Z Zv‡K g„Zy¨`‡Û `wÛZ K‡i| c‡i G `Û evwZj K‡i Zvu‡K 15 eQ‡ii mk«g Kviv`Û ‡`qv nq| GK eQi
Kviv‡fv‡Mi ci miKv‡ii c¶ ‡_‡K c«¯Íve ‡`qv nq ‡h, wZwb hw` msev`c‡Îi gva¨‡g ¶gvi Av‡e`b K‡ib, Zvn‡j Zvu‡K gyw³ ‡`qv ‡h‡Z
cv‡i| G c«¯Ív‡ei RIqv‡e g‡`©gywb e‡jb, ÔÔAvwg G c«¯Íve ï‡b AZ¨šÍ Avðvh©vwš^Z nw”Q ‡h, gRjyg‡K Rvwj‡gi wbKU ¶gvi Av‡e`b Rvbv‡Z
ejv n‡”Q| ‡Lv`vi Kmg| hw` ¶gv c«v_©bvi K‡qKwU kã Avgv‡K dvuwm ‡_‡KI ‡invB w`‡Z cv‡i, ZeyI Avwg Giƒc kã D”PviY Ki‡Z ivwR
bB| Avwg Avjøvni `iev‡i Ggb Ae¯’vq nvwRi n‡Z PvB ‡h, Avwg Zvui c«wZ Ges wZwb Avgvi cªwZ mš‘ó|
cieZ©xKv‡j hZeviB Zvu‡K ¶gv cªv_©bvi civgk© ‡`qv n‡q‡Q, ZZeviB wZwb GB e‡j RIqve w`‡q‡Qb, ÔÔhw` Avgv‡K h_v_©B Aciv‡ai Rb¨
Kviviæ× Kiv n‡q _v‡K, Zvn‡j Avwg G‡Z mš‘ó AvwQ| Avi hw` evwZj kw³ Avgv‡K Ab¨vqfv‡e e›`x K‡i _v‡K, Zvn‡j Avwg wKQy‡ZB
evwZ‡ji wbKU ¶gv c«v_©bv Ki‡ev bv|ÕÕ
Gi c‡i miKvi c¶ ‡_‡K c«‡jvfb ‡`Lv‡bv n‡jv ‡h, hw` wZwb m¤§Z nb Zvn‡j Zv‡K wk¶v gš¿Yvj‡qi `vwqZ¡ c«`vb Kiv n‡e| mvB‡q` G
c«¯Ív‡ei RIqv‡e ej‡jb, ÔÔAvwg `ytwLZ| gwš¿Z¡ M«nY Avgvi c‡¶ ‡m mgq ch©šÍ m¤¢e bq, hZ¶Y bv ch©šÍ wgm‡ii cy‡iv wk¶v e¨e¯’v‡K
Bmjvgx Qvu‡P ‡X‡i mvRvevi GLwZqvi ‡`qv bv n‡e|ÕÕ
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n‡q‡Q, ‡Kvb Lvevi-cvbxq ‡`qv nqwb| Zvui mvg‡bB Ab¨iv Djøvm K‡i cvwb cvb Ki‡Zv A_P Zvu‡K GK Møvm cvwbI ‡`Iqv n‡Zv bv| nvq‡i
wbôyiZv| mvB‡q` KyZye 1954 ‡_‡K 1964 mvj ch©šÍ Zviiv KvivMv‡i wQ‡jb| 1964 mv‡j Biv‡Ki Z`vbxšÍb ‡c«wm‡W›U Ave`ym mvjvg Avwid
Kvq‡iv mdi K‡ib| BivKx Av‡jg‡`i Av‡e`‡bi cwi‡c«w¶‡Z BivKx ‡c«wm‡W›U Rvgvj bv‡m‡ii mv‡_ ‰eVKKv‡j mvB‡q` KyZye‡K gyw³ c«`v‡bi
Aby‡iva Rvbvb| Zvui Aby‡iv‡ai cwi‡c«w¶‡Z mvB‡q` KyZye‡K gyw³ c«`vb Kiv nq| K‡b©j bv‡mi Zv‡K gyw³ w`‡q AZ¨šÍ Kov bRi`vwi‡Z ZviB
evmfe‡b AšÍixYve× K‡ib| mvB‡q` KyZye‡K ‡Rj ‡_‡K gyw³ ‡`qvi Kvi‡Y wgm‡ii KwgDwb÷ ‡Mvôx Ges Zv‡`i gyieexiv bv‡Lvk nq| ïiæ
nq K‡b©j bv‡m‡ii Ici bvbv Pvc| KwgDwb÷ cvwU© Rvgvj bv‡m‡ii mn‡hvwMZvi Rb¨ GKwU kZ© Av‡ivc K‡i| Zv n‡”Q wgmi ‡_‡K BLIqvb‡K
wbg©~j Ki‡Z n‡e| 1965 mv‡j BmivB‡ji gyieex ivwkqv ‡_‡K bv‡mi‡K Zje Kiv nq| cvðv‡Z¨i ‡mev`vm bv‡mi Qy‡U hvq c«fyi Wv‡K| 27
AvM÷ g‡¯‹vq Avie Qv·`i GK Abyôv‡b e³…Zv c«m‡½ Rvgvj bv‡mi ‡NvlYv K‡ib ‡h, wgm‡ii BLIqvbyj gym‡jgyb Zv‡K nZ¨vi loh‡š¿ wjß
i‡q‡Q| AZx‡Z eûevi ‡m BLIqvb‡K ¶gv K‡i‡Q Gevi Avi ¶gv Kiv n‡e bv| g‡¯‹v ‡_‡K bv‡mi ‡`‡k wd‡i G‡jB ïiæ nq e¨vcK aicvKo|
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fwel¨Z m¤ú‡K© gšÍe¨ K‡ib ‡h, Avwg Rvwb Rv‡jgiv Gevi Avgvi gv_vB Pvq| Zv‡Z Avgvi ‡Kvb `ytL ‡bB| wb‡Ri g…Z¨yi Rb¨ Avgvi ‡Kvb
Av‡¶c ‡bB| Avgvi‡Zv eis ‡mŠfvM¨ ‡h Avjøvni iv¯Ívq Avgvi Rxe‡bi mgvwß n‡Z hv‡”Q| AvMvgxKv‡ji BwZnvm c«gvY Ki‡e ‡h, BLIqvbyj
gym‡jgyb mwVK c‡_i Abymvix wQj, bvwK GB Rv‡jg kvmK‡MvôxB mwVK c‡_ wQj| ïay Zv‡KB bq Zvi fvB gyn¤§` KyZye, fwMœ nvwg`v KyZye I
Avwgbv KyZyemn wek nvRv‡iiI ‡ewkmsL¨K ‡jvK‡K ‡M«dZvi Kiv n‡qwQ‡jv| G‡`i g‡a¨ c«vq mvZk' wQ‡jb gwnjv|
BLIqv‡bi c«wZ ‡hme Awf‡hvM Av‡ivc Kiv nq Zvi c«_gwU wQj, BLIqvb GKwU ‡Mvcb msMVb c«wZôv K‡iwQj- hvi ‡bZv wQ‡jb mvB‡q`
KyZye| msMVbwU Awfhy³‡`i Rb¨ Avw_©K mvnvh¨ Ges Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY msM«n Ki‡Zv| Giv ‡c«wm‡W›U bv‡m‡ii nZ¨v cwiKíbv, we‡kl ‡U«b¸‡jvi
aŸs‡mi c«wk¶Y w`Z Ges G c«wk¶Y Kv‡R KwZcq gwnjviI mn‡hvwMZv wb‡qwQj| miKvwi ‡c«m‡bv‡U ejv n‡q‡Q ïaygvÎ G Kvi‡YB wK G
Awf‡hvM mg_©b Kiv ‡h‡Z cv‡i? mvaviY eyw×i GKRb ‡jvKI c«kœ Ki‡e ‡h, 1954 mv‡j nvRvi nvRvi Kg©x‡K ‡R‡j e›`x Kiv n‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i
cwievieM© mxgvnxb `y`©kv Ges wbt¯^ Ae¯’vq Rxeb KvwU‡q‡Q| ¯^qs mvB‡q` KyZye‡K `k eQi ci gyw³ ‡`qv nq Ges GK eQi ‡h‡Z bv ‡h‡ZB
Zv‡K wØZxqevi ‡M«dZvi Kiv nq| gyw³i ciI Zv‡K Kov bR‡i ivLv nq| A_P GUv wK K‡i we‡eK mvq ‡`‡e ‡h, wZwb GZ Kg mg‡qi g‡a¨
GZ eo lohš¿ wKfv‡e ‰Zwi Ki‡jb Ges G Rb¨ GZ wecyj cwigvY A¯¿k¯¿ msM«n Ki‡jb hv miKv‡ii Mw` IjU-cvjU K‡i ‡`‡e| c«K…Zc‡¶
Gme wQj BLIqvb wbg©~‡ji ev‡bvqvU evnvbvgvÎ|
wØZxq Awf‡hvM Avbv nq Ôgvqv‡jg wdZZixK' cy¯ÍK ‡jLvi Rb¨| wgm‡i mvgwiK evwnbxi GKwU cwÎKvq 1.10.1965 Zvwi‡L c«KvwkZ 446bs
msL¨vq Zvi weiæ‡× AZx‡Zi Awf‡hv‡Mi ‡h weeiY c«KvwkZ nq Zvi mvigg© wbgœiƒc| ÔÔ‡jLK cvðvZ¨ mf¨Zv I mgvR Ges gvK©mxq gZev`
Df‡qiB Zxe« we‡ivaxZv K‡i‡Qb| wZwb `vwe K‡ib ‡h Hme gZev‡`i g‡a¨ gvbeRvwZi Rb¨ wKQyB bvB| Zvi g‡Z eZg©vb `ywbqv Rv‡nwjqv‡Z
Wy‡e ‡M‡Q| Avjøvni mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i RvqMvq Ab¨vqfv‡e gvby‡li mve©‡fŠgZ¡ Kv‡qg n‡q ‡M‡Q| ‡jLK ‡KviAv‡bi `…wóf½x‡K cybiæ¾xweZ K‡i H
Rv‡nwjqvZ‡K D‡”Q` Kivi Dci ‡Rvi ‡`b Ges G Rb¨ wb‡R‡`i h_vme©¯^ ‡Kvievbx K‡i ‡`qvi Avnevb Rvbvb|

[71]
wZwb Avjøvn e¨ZxZ mKj kvmbKZ©v‡`i Zv¸Z AvL¨v ‡`b| ‡jLK e‡jb- Zv¸‡Zi weiæ‡× ‡Rnv` ‡NvlYv Kiv c«wZwU gymjgv‡bi Rb¨ Cgv‡bi
kZ©| wZwb fvlv, MvÎeY©, esk, AÂj BZ¨vw`i wfwˇZ HK¨‡eva‡K åvšÍ AvL¨v w`‡q Bmjvgx AvKx`vi wfwˇZ HK¨ Mov Ges H gZev‡`i
weiæ‡× Av‡cvlnxb msM«vg Kivi Rb¨ gymwjg‡`i D¯‹vbx w`‡”Qb|
‡jLK Zvi H cy¯Í‡Ki gva¨‡g c«wZwôZ miKv‡ii weiæ‡× wRnv` Kiv I mgM« wgm‡i aŸsmvZ¥K Kvh©Kjvc ïiæ Kiv I c«wZwU miKvi‡K D‡”Q`
Kivi cwiKíbv ‡ck K‡ib|ÕÕ
BLIqv‡bi weiæ‡× ‡h Awf‡hvM¸‡jv Avbv n‡qwQj Zv wQj evnvbvgvÎ| Avmj Ôe¨vcviwU wQj m¤ú~Y© wfbœ| BLIqvb ‡bZv I Kg©xiv 1954 mv‡ji
‡klfvM ‡_‡K ‡RjLvbvq e›`x Rxebhvcb K‡ib| ivR‰bwZK ZrciZvi ‡Kv‡bv wPšÍv-Kíbv KivI Zv‡`i Am¤¢e wQj| Zey Zv‡`i Ávbx e¨w³iv
‡RjLvbvq A_ev ‡R‡ji evB‡i ÁvbMZ I wPšÍvavivi w`K ‡_‡K ‡`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i Bmjvg‡K i¶vi hZUyKy wL`gZ Kiv m¤¢e wQj Zv Zviv
K‡i‡Qb| Bmjv‡gi wewfbœ wel‡q Zviv mvwnZ¨ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| wgm‡i Zvdmxi, nv`xm, wdKn, Bmjvgx BwZnvm Ges Bmjvgx Rxeb e¨e¯’vi Ici
wecyj mvwnZ¨ weMZ `k eQ‡i iwPZ nq Ges Zv wewfbœ wel‡q GZ ‡ewk wQj ‡h, ‡jv‡Kiv ‡jLK‡`i‡K mvnm D`¨g c«`vb Ges c«KvkK‡`i‡K
c«ksmv bv Rvwb‡q cv‡iwb|
BLIqvb ‡bZv-Kg©x‡`i wePvi ïiæ n‡jv we‡kl mvgwiK Av`vj‡Z| Ôc«_gZ ‡NvlYv Kiv nq ‡h, ‡Uwjwfk‡b H wePvivbyôv‡bi `…k¨ c«Pvi Kiv
n‡e| wKš‘ Awfhy³ e¨w³MY ÔAciva ¯^xKvi' Ki‡Z A¯^xKvi Ges Zv‡`i c«wZ ‰`wnK wbh©vZ‡bi weeiY c«Kvk Kivq ‡Uwjwfkb eÜ K‡i ‡`qv
nq| Zvici iæ× ØviK‡¶ wePvi Pj‡Z _v‡K| Avmvgx‡`i c‡¶ ‡Kvb DwKj wQj bv| Ab¨ ‡`k ‡_‡K AvBbRxexMY Avmvgx c¶ mg_©‡bi
Av‡e`b K‡ib| wKš‘ Zv c«Z¨vL¨vb Kiv nq| divmx evi G‡mv‡qk‡bi f~Zc~e© mfvcwZ DBwjqg _ic I gi‡°vi `y'Rb AvBbRxex Avmvgx c¶
mg_©‡bi Rb¨ ixwZg‡Zv Av‡e`b K‡ib| wKš‘ Zv bvgÄyi Kiv nq| my`v‡bi `y'Rb AvBbRxex Kvq‡iv ‡cŠu‡Q Z_vKvi evi G‡mv‡qk‡b bvg
‡iwRw÷« K‡i Av`vj‡Z nvwRi nb| cywjk Zv‡`i Av`vjZ ‡_‡K av°v ‡g‡i ‡ei K‡i ‡`q Ges wgmi Z¨vM Ki‡Z eva¨ K‡i| mvB‡q` KyZye I
Ab¨vb¨ AvmvgxMY Ewbk k'‡QlwÆ mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi I ‡de&iæqvwi gv‡m wePvi KivKv‡j U«vBe¨ybv‡ji mvg‡b c«Kvk K‡ib ‡h, ÔAciva ¯^xKvi' Kivi
Rb¨ Zv‡`i c«wZ AgvbywlK ‰`wnK wbh©vZb Pvjv‡bv nq| U«vBe¨ybv‡ji mfvcwZ Avmvgx‡`i ‡Kvb K_vi c«wZB KY©cvZ K‡ib bvB|ÕÕ Ggwbfv‡e 19
‡g 1966 mvj ch©šÍ Av`vj‡Z wePvi c«nmb bvUK g¯’ nq|
U«vBe¨ybv‡ji wePviK Rvgvj bv‡m‡ii mv‡_ `xN© Av‡jvPbv K‡i 1966 mv‡ji 21 AvM÷ ivq ‡NvlYv K‡ib| Awfhy³ 43 Rb ‡bZvKg©xi g‡a¨
mvZRb‡K g…Z¨y`Û ‡`qv nq| Giv n‡”Qb mvB‡q` KyZye, gynv¤§` BDmyd, Avãyj dvËvn BmgvCj, keix Avivdvn, Avng` Ave`yj gwR`, Avãyj
AvwRR I Avjx Dmgvfx|
mvB‡q` KZy‡ei g…Z¨y`Ûv‡`k ‡kvbvi ci Av`vjZ mswkøó ‡jvKRb Kvbœvq ‡f‡½ c‡ob| A_P mvB‡q` ivq ‡kvbvi ci Lywk g‡b e‡j DV‡jb,
ÔAvjnvg`ywjjøvn'| wZwb nvm‡Z nvm‡Z ej‡jb ÔÔAvgvi Kv‡Q GUv ‡Kvb welq bq ‡h, Avwg ‡Kv_vq gi‡Z hvw”Q Ges wKfv‡e hvwjgiv Avgvi
g…Z¨y`Û ‡`‡e| Avwg‡Zv G‡ZB mš‘ó ‡h, Avwg Avjøvni GKRb AbyMZ ev›`v wnmv‡e kvnv`‡Zi ‡cqvjv cvb Ki‡Z hvw”Q|ÕÕ
Gi c‡ii `…k¨ eoB KiæY| Rqbve Avj Mvhvjx wj‡L‡Qb, g…Z¨y`Ûv‡`k ‡`qvi cvuP w`b ci mvB‡q` KyZye KvivMv‡i AvUK ‡QvU ‡evb nvwg`v
KyZye‡K ‡`L‡Z Zvi K‡¶ hvb| ‡QvU ‡evb Zv‡K ‡`‡L e‡jb, ÔÔab¨ev`, wc«q fvB mvB‡q`| GUv Avgvi Rb¨ GK `~j©f gyn~Z©| Avcwb Avgvi
cv‡k GKUy emyb|ÕÕ
mvB‡q` cv‡k em‡jb| wewfbœ wel‡q A‡bK Av‡jvPbv n‡jv| wZwb mevB‡K ‰ah© avi‡Yi wb‡`©k w`‡jb| nvwg`v KyZye g…Z¨y`Ûc«vß fvB‡K ‡`‡L
welY&Y n‡q c‡ob| wKš‘ mvB‡q` KyZy‡ei mv‡_ wKQy K_v ejvi ci nvwg`v KyZy‡ei welbœ e`‡bI nvwmi ‡iLv dy‡U DV‡jv|
28 AvM÷ iv‡Z mvB‡q` KyZye I Zvi `yB mv_x‡K dvumxi ‡m‡j wb‡q hvIqv n‡jv| 29 AvM÷ ‡fvi ivZ| mvB‡q` KyZye I Zvi `yB m½x‡K
dvuwmi g‡Â wb‡q hvIqv nq| B‡Zvg‡a¨ dvuwmi mKj Av‡qvRb ‡kl| mvB‡q` AZ¨šÍ Avbw›`Z| wbf©xK|
wP‡Ë mvg‡b cv evov‡”Qb, Zvi gy‡L Z…wßi nvwm| ‡Qve‡n mv‡`‡Ki Av‡jv Sjgj aiYx ‡hb AvR Mfxi ‡e`bvcøyZ| mvB‡q` KyZye nvm‡Z nvm‡Z
dvuwmi g‡Â DV‡jb| Pviw`‡K ‡f‡m DVj dR‡ii Avhvb| Ggwb GK cweÎ cwi‡e‡k Kvh©Ki Kiv n‡jv BwZnv‡mi N…Y¨Zg Av‡qvRb, mvB‡q`
KyZye I Zvi m½x‡`i dvuwm| mvivwe‡k¦i AMwYZ gvbyl‡K Kvuw`‡q mvB‡q` KyZye ‡cŠu‡Q ‡M‡jb Zvi cig wc«q c«fyi mvwbœ‡a¨| ‡cQ‡b ‡i‡L ‡M‡jb
GK weivU mvwnZ¨ m¤¢vi| Zvi we‡kl we‡kl M«‡š’i g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q GKvwaK Dcb¨vm I ‡ek K‡qKwU wkï mvwnZ¨mn ‡Zd‡j wgbvj Kvwiqv,
g`xbvZyj gvkûi, gvkv‡n`yj ‡Kqvgvn wdj ‡KviAvb, gv'‡idvZyj Bmjvg Iqvi ‡imgvwjqvnmn c«vq wekLvbv M«š’| Zvdwmi wd wRjvwjj
‡KviAvb- mvB‡q` KyZy‡ei GK Abe`¨ Ae`vb| AvU L‡Û mgvß GK Áv‡bi mvMi| Zvi Gme M«š’vejx Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x I ‡bZv‡`i
Rb¨ c_wb‡`©wkKv I Aby‡c«iYvi AbšÍ Drm n‡q _vK‡e|
mvB‡q¨` Aveyj Avjv gI`y`x in:
25‡k ‡m‡Þ¤^i, 1903 - 22‡k ‡m‡Þ¤^i, 1979, whwb gvIjvbv gI`y`x ev kvBL mvB‡q` Aveyj Av'jv gI`y`x bv‡gI cwiwPZ, wQ‡jb GKRb
gymwjg M‡elK, mvsevw`K, gymwjg ivR‰bwZK ‡bZv I wesk kZvãxi GKRb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Bmjvgx wPšÍvwe` I `vk©wbK| wZwb Zvi wbR ‡`k
cvwK¯Ív‡bi GKRb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ivR‰bwZK e¨w³Z¡I wQ‡jb| wZwb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx bvgK GKwU Bmjvgx ivR‰bwZK `‡jiI cªwZôvZv|
cªfve I avivevwnKZv:
gvIjvbv gI`y`xi c«fve wQj e¨vcK| BwZnvm‡eËv wdwjc ‡RbwK‡Ýi g‡Z, wgm‡ii nvmvb Avj evbœv Ges mvB‡q` KyZey Zvi eB c‡o Abyc«vwYZ
nb| mvB‡q` KyZey Zvi KvQ ‡_‡K Av`k© M«nY K‡ib Ges GwU Av‡iv m¤ú«mvwiZ K‡ib| wZwb GKwU AM«Mvgx Bmjvgx wecøex `j MV‡bi
cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi K_v e‡jb| wdwjw¯Íwb Bmjvgcš’x Rywi÷ Ave`yjøvn AvhhvgI Zvi Av`‡k© Abyc«vwYZ nb| `w¶Y-Gkxq RbMb (weivU msL¨K
[72]
we«‡Ub c«evmx mn) gvIjvbv gI`y`xi Øviv e¨vcKfv‡e c«fvweZ n‡q‡Qb| GgbwK wkÿv Aay¨wlZ Biv‡bI gI`y`xi eo ai‡Yi c«fve Av‡Q|
Biv‡bi Bmjvgx wecø‡ei ‡bZv AvqZyjøvn iæûjøvn ‡Lv‡gbx 1963 mv‡j gvIjvbv gI`y`xi mv‡_ mv¶vZ K‡ib, cieZ©x‡Z Bgvg ‡Lv‡gbx gI`y`xi
eB¸‡jv dvwm© fvlvq Abyev` K‡ib| GL‡bv ch©šÍ c«vqktB Biv‡bi Bmjvgx miKvi gvIjvbv gI`y`xi Kg©cš’v Abymib K‡i _v‡K| ("To the
present day, Iran's revolutionary rhetoric often draws on his themes.") Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqvi ci wZwb (gI`y`x) wØZxq wPšÍvwe`
whwb AvaywbK we‡k¦ Bmjvgx ivR‰bwZK wPšÍvaviv‡K c«fvweZ K‡i‡Qb|
RxebKvj-
• 1903- Rb¥ M«nY K‡ib| Rb¥¯’vbt AvIi½vev` (eZ©gv‡b gnviv‡ó«i g‡a¨), nvq`vivev`, fviZ|
• 1918- mvsevw`K wn‡m‡e 'weR‡bvi' (Bijnore) cwÎKvq KvR ïiæ K‡ib|
• 1920- Rejcy‡i 'ZvR' cwÎKvi GwWUi wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM jvf K‡ib|
• 1921- w`wjø‡Z gvIjvbv Avãym mvjvg wbqvwRi Kv‡Q Aviwe wk¶v M«nY K‡ib|
• 1921- ‰`wbK 'gymwjg' cwÎKvi GwWUi wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM jvf K‡ib|
• 1925- bqv w`wjøi 'Avj Rvwgqvn' cwÎKvi GwWUi wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM jvf|
• 1926- w`wjøi '`viæj Djyg d‡Zncywi' ‡_‡K 'Djyg-G-AvKvwjqv Iqv bvKvwjqv' mb` jvf K‡ib|Õ
• 1927- 'Avj wRnv` wdj Bmjvg' bv‡g GKwU M‡elYvag©x M«š’ iPbv ïiæ K‡ib|
• 1928- D³ c«wZôvb (`viæj Djyg d‡Zncywi) ‡_‡K 'Rv‡g wZiwgwh' Ges 'gyqvËv Bgvg gvwjK' mb` jvf K‡ib|
• 1930- 'Avj wRnv` wdj Bmjvg' bv‡gi weL¨vZ eBwU c«KvwkZ nq| ZLb Zvi eqm 27 eQi|
• 1933- fvi‡Zi nvq`vivev` ‡_‡K 'ZiRygvbyj KyiAvb' bvgK cwÎKv c«Kvk ïiæ K‡ib|
• 1937- Zvi 34 eQi eq‡m, jv‡nv‡i, `w¶Y Gwkqvi wKse`wšÍZyj¨ gymwjg Kwe I `vk©wbK Avjøvgv gynv¤§v` BKev‡ji mv‡_ cwiPq nq|
cwiPq Kwi‡q ‡`b ‡PŠayix wbqvR Avjx Lvb|
• 1938- Zvi 35 eQi eq‡m, nvq`vivev` ‡_‡K cvVvb‡Kv‡U Mgb K‡ib| ‡mLv‡b wZ‡b `viæj Bmjvg U«v÷ Bbw÷wUD‡U ‡hvM`vb K‡ib,
‡hwU 1936 mv‡j Avjøvgv BKev‡ji civg‡k© ‡PŠayix wbqvR Avjx Lvb KZ©…K c«wZwôZ n‡qwQj| cvVvb‡Kv‡Ui 5 wK.wg. cwð‡g, Rvgvjcy‡i,
‡PŠayix wbqvR Avjx Lv‡bi 1000 GKi G‡÷U wQj| ‡PŠayix wbqvR Avjx Lvb ‡mLvb ‡_‡K 66 GKi Rwg `vb K‡ib|
• 1941- jv‡nv‡i 'Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx wn›`' bv‡g GKwU Bmjvgx ivR‰bwZK `j c«wZôv K‡ib Ges Gi Avwgi nb|
• 1942 - Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi c«avb Kvh©vjq cvVvb‡Kv‡U ¯’vbvšÍi K‡ib|
• 1942 - Zvdnxgyj KyiAvb bvgK Zvdwmi M«š’ c«bqb ïiæ K‡ib|
• 1947 - Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi c«avb Kvh©vjq jv‡nv‡ii BQivq ¯’vbvšÍi K‡ib|
• 1948 - 'Bmjvgx msweavb' I 'Bmjvgx miKvi' c«wZôvi Rb¨ c«PviYv ïiæ K‡ib|
• 1948 - cvwK¯Ívb miKvi Zv‡K KvivMv‡i e›`x K‡i|
• 1949 - cvwK¯Ívb miKvi Rvgvqv‡Zi 'Bmjvgx msweav‡bi iƒc‡iLv' M«nY K‡i|
• 1950 - KvivMvi ‡_‡K gyw³ jvf K‡ib|
• 1953- 'Kvw`qvbx mgm¨v' bv‡g GKwU eB wj‡L Kvw`qvbx ev Avngw`qv m¤ú«`vq‡K Agymwjg c«gvY K‡ib| d‡j BwZnvmL¨vZ eo iK‡gi
Kvw`qvbx we‡ivax nv½vgvi m…wó nq| G mgq A‡bK¸‡jv msMVb GK‡hv‡M Kvw`qvbx‡`i‡K miKvwifv‡e Agymwjg ‡Nvlbvi `vwe‡Z Av‡›`vjb
ïiæ K‡i| Zviv me©`jxq Kb‡fbk‡b 27‡k ‡deªæqvwi Zvwi‡L 'WvB‡i± GKkb KwgwU' MVb K‡i| RvgvqvZ GB KwgwUi we‡ivwaZv K‡i
Awnsm Av‡›`vj‡bi c‡¶ Ae¯’vb ‡bq| wKš‘ Z_vwc gvP© gv‡mi ïiæ‡Z Av‡›`vjb Pig AvKvi avib K‡i Ges cywj‡ki ¸wj‡Z wKQy ‡jvK
wbnZ nq| c‡i GKwU mvgwiK Av`vjZ Aveyj Av'jv‡K GB ‡Mvj‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ ‡`vlx mve¨¯Í K‡i g…Z¨y`‡Ûi Av‡`k ‡`q, (hw`I Kvw`qvbx
mgm¨v bvgK eBwU ev‡Rqvß Kiv nqwb)| Aek¨ ‡mB g…Z¨y`Ûv‡`k Kvh©Ki Kiv nqwb|
• 1953- g…Z¨y`Ûv‡`k cwieZ©b K‡i hve¾xeb Kviv`Û Kiv nq, wKš‘ c‡i Zv-I c«Z¨vnvi Kiv nq|
• 1958- mvgwiK kvmK wdì gvk©vj AvBqye Lvb 'Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx'‡K wbwl× ‡Nvlbv K‡ib|
• 1964- Avev‡iv Zv‡K Kvive›`x Kiv nq|
• 1964- KvivMvi ‡_‡K gyw³ ‡`qv nq|
• 1971- cvwK¯Ívb ‡_‡K ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯Ívb Avjv`v n‡e wKbv G c«‡kœ wm×všÍ ‡bIqvi AwaKvi c~e© cvwK¯Ívb Rvgvqv‡Zi Dci b¨v¯Í
K‡ib|
• 1972- Zvdnxgyj KyiAvb bvgK Zvdwmi M«š’wUi iPbv m¤úbœ K‡ib|
• 1972- Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi Avwgi c` ‡_‡K B¯Ídv ‡`b|
• 1978- Zvi iwPZ ‡kl eB 'wmiv‡Z mviIqv‡i Avjg' c«KvwkZ nq| GwU nhiZ gynv¤§v` mvt Gi Rxebx M«š’|
[73]
• 1979- wPwKrmvi Rb¨ hy³iv‡ó« Mgb K‡ib|
• 1979- hy³iv‡ó« Zvi g…Zy¨ nq|
• 1979- jv‡nv‡ii BQivq Zv‡K mgvwa¯’ Kiv nq| Zvi Rvbvhvq BgvgwZ K‡ib Zvi cieZ©x hy‡Mi Av‡iK wKse`šÍx kvqL BDmyd Avj
K¡vihvfx|

Aa¨vcK †Mvjvg AvRg

Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg GKwU bvg, GKwU BwZnvm| wZwb wek¦bw›`Z Bmjvgx wPšÍvwe`, fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi ‡bZv, WvKmyi mv‡eK wRGm,ZË¡veavqK
miKv‡ii iƒcKvi| fvlv Av‡›`vjb ‡_‡K ïiæ K‡i MYZš¿ cÖwZôvi msMÖvg, G‡`‡ki ivR‰bwZK BwZnv‡mi DÌvb-cZ‡bi cªwZwU NUbvq Ges
G‡`‡k Bmjvg cªwZôvi Av‡›`vj‡b Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi f~wgKv BwZnvm n‡q _vK‡e| evsjv‡`‡ki gvwU, Av‡jv-evZvm Ges gvby‡li mv‡_
GKvZ¥ n‡q Av‡Q Zvi Rxeb, Zvi msM«vg| ‡¯^”Qvq `jxq cªav‡bi c` ‡_‡K m‡i hvIqvi `„óvšÍ ¯’vcb Zvi g‡Zv e¨w³i c‡¶B ‡`qv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q|
5g ev‡ii g‡Zv ‡R‡j hvIqvi Av‡M MYgva¨‡gi mvg‡b wZwb ‡h ewjô mv¶vZKvi w`‡q ‡M‡Qb Zv Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡`i ‡cªiYvi evwZNi
wn‡m‡eB ‡`L‡Qb mK‡j| Zvi wPšÍv ‡PZbv Avi mvnwmKZv Avi ewjôZv G‡`‡ki QvÎ hye mgvR Z_v Bmjvg wcªq gvby‡li Rb¨ Av`k© n‡q
_vK‡e| Zvi Agi K…wZi Rb¨ wZwb wPi Agi n‡q _vK‡eb|
Rb¥ I esk cwiPq: Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg 1922 mv‡ji 7B b‡f¤^i g½jevi (evsjv 1329 mv‡ji 5B AMªnvqY) XvKv kn‡ii j²xevRvi¯’
weL¨vZ Øxbx cwievi kvn mv‡ne evox (wgTvmv‡n‡ei gq`vb bv‡g cwiwPZ gvZyjvj‡q Rb¥MªnY K‡ib| Zvi wcZvgn gvIjvbv Avãym ‡mvenvb|
Zv‡`i Avw` wbevm eªvþYevoxqv ‡Rjvi bexbMi Dc‡Rjvi exiMvuI MÖv‡g| BDwbq‡bi bvgI exiMvuI| Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi wcZv 1948
mv‡j XvKv gnvbMix‡Z igbv _vbvi c~e© w`‡K gMevRvi GjvKvq Rwg ‡Kbvi ci XvKv‡Z ¯’vqxfv‡e emevm ïiæ K‡ib| Aa¨vcK Avh‡gi c~e©
c~iælMY Kgc‡¶ 7cyiæl hveZ eªvþYevoxqv ‡Rjvi bexbMi Dc‡Rjvi exiMvuI‡qi evwm›`v| gvZyj es‡ki w`K ‡_‡K Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg
XvKvi HwZn¨evnx kvn mv‡ne cwiev‡ii mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| Zvi gvZvgn wQ‡jb giûg kvn& ‰mq` Avãyj ‡gvb‡qg| cÖwcZvgn kvBL gvnveywÏb|
kvBL kvnveywÏb GKRb eo Av‡jg Ges eyhyM© e¨w³ wQ‡jb| Aa¨vcK Avh‡gi `v`v gvIjvbv Avãym ‡mvenvb GKRb weL¨vZ Av‡jg wQ‡jb| Zvi
m¤ú‡K© cªPwjZ wQ‡jv ‡h, ‡gNbvi c~e© cv‡i AZeo Av‡jg ZLb KgB wQj| XvKvi ‡gvnwmwbqv gv`ªvmv ‡_‡K wWMÖx ‡bqvi ci ‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi
wcZv ‡Mvjvg Kwei 1921 mv‡j G›U«vÝ cvm K‡ib| G›U«vÝ cv‡mi ci gvIjvbv ‡Mvjvg Kwei nvB¯‹y‡j wk¶KZv ïiæ K‡ib| Aa¨vcK Avh‡gi
`v`v gvIjvbv Avãym ‡mvenvbI XvKvi ‡gvnwmwbqv gv`ªvmvq covïbv K‡ib Ges c‡i wk¶KZv K‡ib| cieZ©x mg‡q Mfb©‡g›U BmjvwgK
B›UviwgwW‡qU K‡j‡R cwiYZ nq Ges ‡Mvjvg Avhg ‡mB K‡j‡RB wk¶v jvf K‡ib| wk¶v Rxeb: 1937 mv‡j Rywbqvi gv`ªvmv cix¶vq c«_g
wefv‡M K…wZ‡Z¡I mv‡_ DËxY© nb| GmGmwm cix¶vq ‡gav ZvwjKvq ‡Mvjvg Avhg ·qv`k ¯’vb jvf K‡ib| 1944 mv‡j BmjvwgK
B›UviwgwW‡qU K‡jR ‡_‡KB AvBG cix¶vq cª_g wefv‡M XvKv ‡ev‡W© `kg ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡ib| 1948 mv‡j fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi Kv‡R Rwo‡q
covq ‡Mvjvg Avhg cix¶v w`‡Z cv‡ibwb Ges 1949 mv‡j `v½vRwbZ D‡ËRbvKi cwiw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q cix¶v Abyôvb m¤¢e
nqwb| d‡j wZwb 1950 mv‡j Gg. G cix¶v ‡`b| H eQi ‡KD c«_g wefvM cvqwb| PviRb QvÎ D”PZi wØZxq wefvM jvf K‡ib Ges Aa¨vcK
‡Mvjvg Avhg Zv‡`i g‡a¨ GKRb| wk¶KZv ‡ckvq ‡Mvjvg Avhg: 1950 mv‡ji 3iv wW‡m¤^i wZwb iscyiKvigvB‡Kj K‡j‡R ivó« weÁv‡bi
cªfvlK wn‡m‡e ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| Kg©Rxe‡bi m~Pbv n‡jv| wZwb 1950 mvji 3iv wW‡m¤^i ‡_‡K 1955 mv‡ji 10B ‡deªæqvwi ch©šÍ ivó« weÁvb
wefv‡Mi AZ¨šÍ Rbwc«q wk¶K wn‡m‡e iscyi KvigvB‡Kj K‡j‡R Kg©iZ wQ‡jb| wbR wefv‡Mi QvÎiv QvovI Zvi ‡jKPv‡ii mgq Ab¨vb¨
K¬v‡mi QvÎiv Zvi K¬v‡m ‡hvM`vb Ki‡Zv| ZvejxM RvgvqvZ I ZgÏyb gRwj‡m
‡Mvjvg Avhg : QvÎRxeb ‡k‡l Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg 1950 mv‡jB ZvejxM Rvgvqv‡Zi ZrciZvi mv‡_ RwoZ nb| 1952 mvj ‡_‡K 1954
mvj ch©šÍ wZwb ZvejxM Rvgvqv‡Zi iscy‡ii Avgxi wQ‡jb| ZvejxM RvgvqvZ ‡h‡nZy ag©xq c«Pvi I wgkbvix `vwqZ¡ cvjb KiwQ‡jv ZvB wZwb
ïaygvÎ ZvejxM Rvgvqv‡Zi KvR K‡iB Z…wß cvbwb| mywbw`©ó ‡Kvb ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvs¯‹…wZK Kg©m~Px ZvejxM Rvgvqv‡Zi wQj bv|
ZgÏyb gRwj‡mi Kvh©µ‡g mvgvwRK, ivR‰bwZK I A_©‰bwZK mgm¨v I Zvi mgvavb m¤ú‡K© e³e¨ _vKvq Rbve ‡Mvjvg Avhg ZgÏyb gRwj‡mi
Kv‡RI cªZ¨¶fv‡e RwoZ n‡q c‡ob 1952 mv‡jB| 1954 mv‡ji Gwcªj ch©šÍ wZwb ZgÏyb gRwj‡mi iscyi ‡Rjvi c«avb wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb
K‡ib|
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx‡Z `vwqZ¡ cvjb : 1954 mv‡ji GwcÖ‡j Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx‡Z mn‡hvMx (gyËvwdK) wn‡m‡e ‡hvM`vb Kivi ci 1955 mv‡j
‡MªdZvi n‡q iscyi KvivMv‡i Ae¯’vbKv‡jB Rvgvqv‡Zi iæKb nb| 1955 mv‡ji Ryb gv‡m wZwb ivRkvnx wefvMxq Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi
‡m‡µUvwi wbhy³ nb| Gi GK eQi ci Zv‡K c~e© cvwK¯Ívb Rvgvqv‡Zi mnKvix ‡m‡µUvwi Ges ivRkvnx wefvMxq Rvgvqv‡Zi Avgx‡ii `vwqZ¡
Ac©Y Kiv nq| 1962 mvj ch©šÍ wZwb G `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 1969-1971 ‡mk‡b wZwb

[74]
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx c~e©-cvwK¯Ív‡bi Avgxi wbe©vwPZ nb| 2000 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^i gv‡m gRwj‡m k~ivi Kv‡Q we‡kl Av‡e`‡bi ‡cªw¶‡Z Avgx‡i
RvgvqvZ-Gi `vwqZ¡ ‡_‡K Ae¨vnwZ jvf K‡ib|
‰¯^ivPviwe‡ivax Av‡›`vjb : ‰¯^ivPvix I GKbvqKZvwš¿K kvm‡bi weiæ‡× RvgvqvZ me©`vB ‡mv”Pvi wQ‡jv| Rvgvqv‡Zi Ab¨Zg ‡bZv wn‡m‡e Ges
we‡klfv‡e ivR‰bwZK w`K ‡_‡K DËß mv‡eK c~e© cvwK¯Ívb Rvgvqv‡Zi Avgxi wn‡m‡e Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg we‡ivax `jxq Av‡›`vj‡b GKRb
cÖ_g mvwii ‡bZvi f~wgKv cvjb K‡i‡Qb| AvBq~e Lv‡bi ‰¯^ivPvix kvm‡bi weiæ‡× cªwZwU Av‡›`vj‡b Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg AskMªnY K‡ib|
1964 mv‡ji 20‡k RyjvB XvKvq LvRv bvwRgywχbi evmfe‡b gymwjg jxM (KvDwÝj), b¨vkbvj AvIqvgx cvwU©, AvIqvgx jxM, ‡bRv‡g Bmjvg
I wbwl× Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi cªwZwbwae„›` HK¨e×fv‡e wbe©vP‡b AeZxY© nIqvi Rb¨ Pvi w`be¨vcx ‰eV‡K bq `dv Kg©m~wPi wfwˇZ mw¤§wjZ
we‡ivax `j Combined Oppositeon Partics (COP) MVb Kiv nq| mw¤§wjZ we‡ivax `‡ji ZrciZv cwiPvjbvq Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg
we‡kl f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| 1967 mv‡ji 30‡k Gwc«j kvmiæ×Ki ‰¯^ikvm‡bi nvZ ‡_‡K ‡`k‡K evuPv‡bvi Rb¨ AvZvDi ingvb Lv‡bi
evmfe‡b RvZxq MYZvwš¿K d«‡›Ui me©Rbve b~iæj Avgxb, nvwg`yj nK ‡PŠayix I AvZvDi ingvb Lvb, KvDwÝj gymwjg
jx‡Mi wgqv ggZvR ‡`ŠjZvbv, ‡Zvdv¾j Avjx I ‰mq` LvRv Lv‡qiæwÏb, Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi wgqv ‡Zvdv‡qj gynv¤§`, gvIjvbv Avãyi inxg I
Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg, AvIqvgx jx‡Mi bIqveRv`v bmiæjøvn Lvb, Avãym mvjvg Lvb I ‡Mvjvg ‡gvnv¤§` Lvb jy›`‡Lvi Ges ‡bRv‡g Bmjvg
cvwUªi ‡Pšayix ‡gvnv¤§` Avjx, ‡gŠjfx dwi` Avng` I Gg, Avi, Lvb‡K wb‡q ÔcvwK¯Ívb ‡W‡gv‡µwUK gyf‡g›UÕ MwVZ nq| wcwWGg AvU `dv
Kg©mywP ‡NvlYv K‡i| cieZ©x mg‡q AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Rbve Avãym mvjvg Lvb‡K mfvcwZ Ges Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg‡K ‡Rbv‡ij ‡m‡µUvwi
K‡i c~e©vÂjxq wcwWGg KwgwU MwVZ nq| wcwWGg-Gi c~e©vÂjxq ‡Rbv‡ij ‡m‡µUvwi wn‡m‡e Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg w`bivZ cwikªg K‡ib Ges
MYZš¿ D×v‡ii Av‡›`vj‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb iv‡Lb| 1969 mv‡ji miKvi we‡ivax Av‡›`vjb Rvbyqvwi gv‡m mZyb ch©v‡q cª‡ek Kivq ‡`ke¨vcx
GK cªPÛ MYRvMi‡Yi m~Pbv nq| mgMª ‡`ke¨vcx myôyfv‡e MYAv‡›`jb cwiPvjbvi ZvwM‡` 7 I 8B Rvbyqvwi XvKvq AbywôZ `yB w`be¨vcx
‰eV‡K (1) b¨vc, (2) AvIqvgx jxM (6 `dv), (3) ‡bRv‡g Bmjvg cvwU©, (4) Rwgq‡Z B Djvgv‡q Bmjvg, (5) KvDwÝj gymwjg jxM, (6)
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx, (7) GbwWGd, (8) AvIqvgx jxM (8 `dv cš’x) GB AvUwU `‡ji ‡bZ…e…‡›`i ¯^v¶i ‡W‡gv‡µwUK G¨vKkb KwgwU (WvK) MVb
Kiv nq| bIqveRv`v bmiæjøvn Lvb‡K WvK-Gi AvnŸvqK wbe©vwPZ Kiv nq| MYAv‡›`vjb P~ovšÍ ch©v‡q ‡cŠuQ‡j cvwK¯Ív‡bi ‡cªwm‡W›U wdì
gvk©vj AvBqye Lvb ‡Mvj ‡Uwej ‰eV‡K ‡hvM`vb Kivi Rb¨ WvK-Gi 8wU A½`‡ji `yÕRb K‡i c«wZwbwa‡K Avgš¿Y Rvbvb| hv‡`i Avgš¿Y
Rvbv‡bv nq Zviv n‡jb- KvDwÝj gymwjg jx‡Mi ggZvR ‡`ŠjZvbv Ges LvRv Lv‡qiæwÏb, Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi mvB‡q¨` Aveyj AvÕjv gI`~`x I
Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg, cvwK¯Ívb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi (6 `dv) ‡kL gywReyi ingvb I ‰mq` bRiæj Bmjvg, Rwgq‡Z Ijvgv‡q Bmjv‡gi gydwZ
mvngy` I cxi ‡gvn‡mb DwÏb, cvwK¯Ívb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi (8 `dv) bIqveRv`v bmiæjøvn Lvb I Avãym mvjvg Lvb, ‡bRv‡g Bmjv‡gi ‡PŠayix
‡gvnv¤§` Avjx I ‡gŠjfx dwi` Avng`, b¨v‡ci Avãyj Iqvjx Lvb I Aa¨vcK ‡gvRvd&di Avng`| G QvovI cvwK¯Ív‡bi wccj&m cvwUi«
RyjwdKvi Avjx fy‡Æv I b¨vc (fvmvbxi) gvIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx Gqvi gvk©vj AvmMi Lvb, ‡jt ‡Rbv‡ij gyn¤§` Avhg Lvb I c«v³b
c«avb wePvicwZ ‰mq` gvneye ‡gvi‡k` ‰eV‡K Avgwš¿Z n‡qwQ‡jb| 26‡k ‡de«yqvwi ivIqvjwcwÛ‡Z mKvj mv‡o `kUvq ‡c«wm‡W›U ‡M÷ nvD‡R
WvK-Gi ‡lvjRb c«wZwbwa, ‡cªwm‡W›U AvBqy‡ei ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 15 Rb,
wb`©jxq Gqvi gvk©vj AvmMi Lvb, wePvicwZ ‰mq` gvneye ‡gv‡k©` ivR‰bwZK msKU DËiYK‡í ‡Mvj ‡Uwej ‰eV‡K wgwjZ nb| 40 wgwbU e¨vcx
‰eV‡Ki ci C`yj Avhnv Dcj‡¶ ‰eVK 10 gvP© mKvj 10 Uv ch©šÍ g~jZwe ivLv nq| 10B gvP© n‡Z 13B
gvP© ch©š— ivIqvjwcwÛ‡Z ‡cªwm‡W›U ‡M÷ nvD‡R ‡Mvj ‡Uwej ‰eV‡K e‡m Ges 13B gvP© ‡Mvj ‡Uwej ‰eV‡Ki mgvwß Awa‡ek‡b ‡cªwm‡W›U
AvBq~e Lvb wb‡gœv³ `vex `ywU M«nY K‡ib, c«vßeq¯‹‡`i ‡fv‡U Rb cªwZwbwa‡`i wbe©vPb Ges ‡dWv‡ij cvj©v‡g›Uvix miKvi c×wZ cªeZ©b|
Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg G ‰eV‡K c~e© cvwK¯Ívb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi cªwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib| evsjv‡`‡k Aeva I myôy wbe©vP‡bi Rb¨ Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg
Avhg 1980 mv‡j me©cª_g ÔZË¡veavqK miKvi dg©yjvÕ Dc¯’vcb K‡ib| 1996 mv‡j Zvi c~‡e©Kvi cª¯Íve g‡Z MYcªRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi
msweav‡b ÔZË¡veavqK miKvi dg©yjvÕ ms‡hvRb K‡ib| 1999 mv‡j Bmjvg I RbM‡Yi B”Qvi we‡ivax fvi‡Zi Zvu‡e`vi AvIqvgx jxM miKv‡ii
D‡”Q‡`i j‡¶¨ MwVZ Pvi`jxq ‡Rv‡Ui Ab¨Zg kxl© ‡bZv wQ‡jb wZwb| `vwqZ¡ cvjb: Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg 1945-1946 mv‡j c~e©-cvwK¯Ívb
mvwnZ¨ msm‡`i G¨vwmm‡U›U ‡m‡µUvwi wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| G Qvov 1946-1947 ‡mk‡b XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi dRjyj nK gymwjg n‡ji
wRGm, 1947-1948 ‡mk‡b c~e©- cvwK¯Ívb mvwnZ¨ msm‡`i ‡Rbv‡ij ‡m‡µUvwi, 1950-1955 mv‡j Aa¨vcK, ivó«weÁvb wefvM, iscyi
KvigvB‡Kj K‡jR, 1952-1954 mv‡j cªwZôvZv m¤úv`K, ZgÏyb gRwjm, iscyi, 1951-1954 mv‡j Avgxi, ZvejxM RvgvqvZ, iscyi,
1957-1959 mv‡j ‡m‡µUvwi, Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx, c~e©- cvwK¯Ívb, 1958 mv‡j mfvcwZ, m¤úv`bv cwil`, ‰`wbK B‡Ënv`, 1967-1969 mv‡j
AvBqye Lv‡bi ‰¯^ivPvix kvm‡bi weiæ‡× msMwVZ me©`jxq MYZvwš¿K Av‡›`vj‡b (wcwWGg) c~e©-cvwK¯Ívb AvÂwjKKvh©cwil`-Gi ‡Rbv‡ij
‡m‡µUvwi, 1969 mv‡j AvBqye Lv‡bi Avgš¿‡Y

[75]
Democratic Action Committee (W¨vK) -Gi ‡K›`«xq ‡bZv wn‡m‡e ‡Mvj‡Uwej ‰eV‡K AskM«nY, 1969-1971 mv‡j Avgxi, Rvgvqv‡Z
Bmjvgx, c~e© cvwK¯Ívb, 1980 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡k Aeva I myôy wbe©vP‡bi j‡¶¨ ÔZË¡veavqK miKvi dg©yjvÕ Dc¯’vcb, 1991-1993 ‡mk‡b
evsjv‡`k Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi Avgxi wbe©vwPZ, 1994-1997 ‡mk‡b cybivq Avgxi wbe©vwPZ, 1998-2000 ‡mk‡b cybivq Rvgvqv‡Zi Avgxi
wbe©vwPZ Ges 2000 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^i gv‡m gRwj‡m k~ivi Kv‡Q we‡kl Av‡e`‡bi ‡cªw¶‡Z Avgx‡i RvgvqvZ-Gi `vwqZ¡ ‡_‡K Ae¨vnwZ jvf
K‡ib Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg| ‡jLK I wPšÍvwe` ‡Mvjvg Avhg : Av‡›`vjb Ges mvsMVwbK Kv‡Ri e¨¯ÍZvi g‡a¨I Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg ‡jLv
Ges wPšÍvi RM‡Z Zvi Ae`vb ivL‡Z m¶g n‡q‡Qb| 1958 mv‡j wZwb ‰`wbK B‡Ënv` cwÎKvi m¤úv`bv ‡ev‡Wi« mfvcwZi `vwqZ¡ ‡bb| wZwb
m¤úv`Kxqmn wewfbœ Kjv‡g wbqwgZ wjL‡Zb| Zvdmxi, bex Rxeb, Bmjvg, msMVb, Av‡›`vjb, ivRbxwZ BZ¨vw` bvbv wel‡q G ch©šÍ 107 wU
eB wj‡L‡Qb wZwb| Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg wjwLZ wKQy eB Bs‡iRx QvovI D`©y, Zvwgj I Anwgqv fvlvq Abyw`Z n‡q‡Q| G Qvov Aa¨vcK
‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi Rxebx wb‡q Bs‡iRx fvlvq GKwUmn 8wU Mªš’ cªKvwkZ n‡q‡Q| we‡`‡k Avgwš¿Z e³v wn‡m‡e AskMªnY: Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg
1972 mv‡ji wW‡m¤^i gv‡m World Association of Muslim Youth (Iqvgx) KZ©…K Avn~Z International Islamic youth
Conference Gi D‡Øvabx Awa‡ek‡b mfvcwZi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 1973 mv‡j wZwb Islamic Youth Conference at Tripoli,
Annual Conference of Federation of Students Islamic Socities (Fosis), England, 11th Convention of Muslim
Students Association of America held at Michigan University Annual Conference of U.K. Islamic Mission G
Ask MªnY K‡ib| 1977 mv‡j B¯Ív¤^y‡j AbywôZ International Federation of Students Organization -Gi mfvq AwZw_ e³v wn‡m‡e
AskM«nY K‡ib| 1995 mv‡ji ‡g gv‡m Zyi‡¯‹ Av‡qvwRZ widv cvwUiª m‡¤§j‡b AskMªnY K‡ib| 1995 mv‡ji AvM‡÷ jÛ‡b Bmjvgx
ms¯’v¸‡jvi mw¤§wjZ MYm¤^a©bvq c«avb AwZw_ wn‡m‡e ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| 1995 mv‡ji ‡m‡Þ¤^I gv‡m Islamic Society of North America -
Gi D‡`¨v‡M evwë‡gv‡Z AbywôZ m‡¤§j‡b AwZw_ e³v, Muslim Ummah in America -Gi D‡`¨v‡M AbywôZ mfvq c«avb AwZw_ wn‡m‡e
AskMªnY K‡ib| 1996 mv‡ji A‡±vei gv‡m International Islamic Federation of Students Organization -Gi D‡`¨v‡M B¯Ív¤^y‡j
AbywôZ AvšÍR©vwZK m‡¤§j‡b we‡kl AwZw_ Ges B¯Ív¤^y‡j AbywôZ wek¦ Bmjvgx ms¯’v¸‡jvi m‡¤§j‡b ZywK© cªavbgš¿x W. bvRgyÏxb AvievKv‡bi
Avgš¿‡Y AskMªnY K‡ib| 1999 mv‡ji Rvbyqvix gv‡m Islamic Mission Japan-Gi evwl©K m‡¤§j‡b cªavb AwZw_ wn‡m‡e ‡hvM`vb K‡ib|
RyjvB gv‡m evwë‡gv‡i Islamic Circle of North America (ICNA) evwl©K Kb‡fbk‡b Avgwš¿Z we‡kl AwZw_ wQ‡jb| GKB eQi AvMó
gv‡m Bsj¨v‡Ûi evwg©snv‡g AbywôZ U.K. Islamic Mission m‡¤§j‡b AwZw_ e³v Ges Bsj¨v‡Ûi ‡kwd‡ì AbywôZ U.K. Islamic
Mission m‡¤§j‡b AwZw_ e³v wn‡m‡e ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| 2001 mv‡ji ‡m‡Þ¤^i gv‡m Av‡gwiKvi wkKv‡Mv‡Z AbywôZ Islamic Society of
North America (ISNA) -Gi evwl©K gnvm‡¤§j‡b AwZw_ e³v Ges Muslim Ummah in America -Gi D‡`¨v‡M Av‡qvwRZ wkKv‡Mv
kvLvi m‡¤§j‡b cªavb e³v wQ‡jb| A‡±ve‡i Bsj¨v‡Ûi g¨vb‡P÷vi kn‡i AbywôZ Islamic Forum Europe-Gi m‡¤§j‡b cªavb e³v,
`vIqvZyj Bmjvg BD.‡K GÛ Avqvi-Gi D‡`¨v‡M Av‡qwRZ 2w`b e¨vcx m‡¤§j‡b c«avb e³v Ges b‡f¤^‡I `yevB miKv‡ii D‡`¨v‡M Av‡qvwRZ
AvšÍR©vwZK KyiAvb cyi¯‹vi cwil‡`I ‡mwgbv‡i cªavb e³v wn‡m‡e ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| evsjv‡`‡k Bmjvgx H‡K¨i cª‡Póv: 1978 mv‡ji ‡m‡Þ¤^i
Bmjvgx HK¨ Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjbÕ cyw¯ÍKvq mKj Bmjvgx kw³‡K GK cøvUd‡g© mg‡eZ nIqvi iƒc‡iLv cª`vb K‡ib Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg| Õ81
mv‡ji wW‡m¤^‡i H iƒc‡iLv Abyhvqx ÔB‡Ënv`yj D¤§vnÕ bvgK e¨vcKwfwËK HK¨g MwVZ nq| 1994 mv‡j Bmjvgx H‡K¨i AMªMwZ m¤ú‡K©
ÔBmjvgx HK¨ cª‡PóvÕ wk‡ivbv‡g cyw¯ÍKv iwPZ nq| 1994 mv‡ji A‡±vei gv‡m XvKv¯’ Avj dvjvn wgjbvqZ‡b Ijvgv-gvkv‡qL m‡¤§j‡b
Bmjvgx HK¨ MV‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ PÆMªv‡gi HwZn¨evnx nvUnvRvix I cwUqv gv`«vmvi gynZvwgg؇qi wbKU cªwZwbwa ‡cªiY K‡ib| 1995 mv‡ji
wW‡m¤^‡i gynZvwggØq KZ©…K Pvi`dv cª¯Íve ‡ck K‡ib| 1996 mv‡j
Pvi`dv cª¯Íve MªnY K‡i c‡Îi DËi cª`vb| 1997 mv‡j Lyjbvq AbywôZ Ijvgv m‡¤§j‡b Bmjvgx H‡K¨I wewfbœ w`K wb‡q Av‡jvPbv nq| 1998
mv‡ji Rvbyqvwi gv‡m MInviWv½v gv`«vmvi gynZvwgg, evsjv‡`k ‡LjvdZ Av‡›`vj‡bi Avgx‡i kixqvZ I
gnvmwP‡ei wbKU cÎ ‡c«iY Kiv nq| 1998 mv‡j 1978 ‡_‡K 1998 ch©¯Í 20 eQi a‡i Bmjvgx HK¨ cª‡Póvi avivevwnK weeiY w`‡q
ÔBmjvgx HK¨g PvBÕ bvgK cyw¯ÍKv iPbv| 5g ev‡ii g‡Zv KviveiY: wbf©xK ivR‰bwZK e¨w³Z¡ gRjyg Rb‡bZv Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg|
ïaygvÎ ivR‰bwZK Kvi‡YB 5g ev‡ii g‡Zv KvivMv‡i ‡M‡jb el©xqvb Rb‡bZv, fvlv ‰mwbK Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi mv‡eK Avgxi Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg
Avhg| Gi Av‡M fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi mgq `yB evi, 1964 mv‡j GKevi, 1992 mv‡j GKevi Avi me©‡kl MZ 2012 mv‡ji 11 Rvbyqvwi
Av¯ÍR©vwZK Aciva U«vBey¨bv‡ji Av‡`‡k KviveiY K‡ib GB ‡bZv| wcªRb ‡m‡j _vKv Ae¯’vqB wZwb BwšÍKvj Ki‡jb| 2011 mv‡ji 22
wW‡m¤^i GK mv¶vrKv‡i wZwb wb‡RB Zvi Kvivei‡Yi K_v Zy‡j a‡ib| ‡m mgq wZwb e‡jb, 1952 mv‡j fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi mgq cª_g Avwg
iscy‡I ‡MªdZvi nB| fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ m¤ú…³Zvi Rb¨B Avev‡iv 1955 mv‡j Avwg ‡MªdZvi nB| 1964 mv‡j cvwK¯Ívb miKvi hLb
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx‡K ‡eAvBbx ‡NvlYv K‡i| ZLb Avwg jv‡nv‡i wQjvg ‡K›`«xq k~ivi mfvi Rb¨| ‡mLv‡b Avwg Avev‡iv ‡MªdZvi nB| Gi 2
[76]
gvm ci Avgv‡K XvKvq wdwi‡q Avbv nq| G mgq 5 gvm Avwg ‡R‡j wQjvg| GKUv K_v Avwg GLv‡b D‡jøL Ki‡Z PvB, Zvn‡jv ‡R‡j hvIqvi
ci cª‡Z¨K eviB Avwg D”P Av`vj‡Z wiU K‡i gy³ nB| me©‡kl 1992 mv‡j Avgv‡K ‡MªdZvi Kiv nq| ‡kL gywReyi ingvb 1973 mv‡j Avgvi
bvMwiKZ¡ evwZj K‡i| 1992 mv‡j weGbwc Avgv‡K we‡`kx bvMwiK wn‡m‡e ‡MªdZvi K‡i| G mgq Avwg 16 gvm ‡R‡j wQjvg| 1993 mv‡ji
Ryb gv‡m we‡`kx bvMwiK wn‡m‡e ‡h gvgjv K‡i miKvi, G‡Z Zviv ‡n‡I hvq| D”P Av`vj‡Zi wb‡`©‡k Avwg gy³ nB| wKš‘ ZLbI bvMwiKZ¡
cybe©nv‡ji gvgjv evKx wQj| G e¨vcv‡i `yB wePviK `yB iKg ivq ‡`b| Gici Zv Z…Zxq wePvicwZi Kv‡Q ‡M‡j wZwb Avgvi c‡¶ ivq ‡`b|
miKvi Gi weiæ‡× Avwcj K‡i| GK eQi ci 1994 mv‡ji 22 Ryb cªavb wePvicwZi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ mywc«g ‡Kv‡Uiª Avwcj wefv‡Mi 5 Rb wePvicwZi
mgb¦‡q cyY©v½ ‡e‡Â me©m¤§wZµ‡g Avgvi bvMwiKZ¡ env‡ji Av‡`k ‡`b Ges ‡kL gywReyi ingv‡bi AW©vi‡K ‡eAvBbx ‡NvlYv K‡ib| `xN© 21
eQi ci Avwg bvMwiKZ¡ wd‡i ‡cjvg| ‡mB mv¶vrKv‡iB Avev‡iv ‡R‡j hvIqv cªm‡½ e‡jwQ‡jb, gy'wg‡bi Rb¨ wbqg n‡”Q, Avjøvn Qvov Ab¨
KvD‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z cvi‡e, wKš‘ Zvi ‡P‡q ‡ewk KvD‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z cvi‡e bv| GUvB Avjøvni wb‡`©k| Avi fq, Avjøvn Qvov‡Zv KvD‡K fq
cvIqv Rv‡qRB ‡bB| gy'wgb Avjøvn Qvov KvD‡K fq ‡c‡Z cv‡i bv| Avwg DwØMœ bB| Avwg g…Zy¨‡K fq Kwi bv| g…Z¨y‡K fq cv‡ev ‡Kb?
gy'wgb‡Zv g…Zy¨ Kvgbv K‡i| ‡Kbbv g…Zy¨I ci Avjøvni Kv‡Q hvIqvi my‡hvM cvIqv hv‡e| ZvB g…Z¨y‡K fq cvIqvi wKQy ‡bB| fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi
‡bZv Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg: QvÎ wn‡m‡e ‡hgb wQ‡jb ‡gavex, ‡Zgwb mvaviY Qv·`I mgm¨v Ges ‡`‡ki mgm¨v wb‡qI m‡PZb f~wgKv cvjb
Ki‡Z m‡Pó wQ‡jb wZwb QvÎ Rxeb ‡_‡KB| ¯^vaxbZv I ‡`k‡c«‡gi ‡PZbvq DØy× GB Av`k©evb ZiæY ïaygvÎ cvV¨ cy¯Í‡KB g‡bvwb‡ek bv K‡i
mgvR m‡PZb Ges ‡`k ‡c«wgK GKRb Kg©x wn‡m‡e QvÎvev‡m, K¨v¤úv‡m me©Î wQ‡jb m`v Zrci| H mgq ‡gavex Ges ‡hvM¨Zvm¤úbœ QvÎivB
msm` wbe©vPb ‡_‡K ïiæ K‡i ivR‰bwZK msMªv‡gi gq`v‡b ‡bZ…Z¡ w`‡Zb| ZvB dRjyj nK gymwjg n‡ji GB Kg©PÂj hyeK 1946-47 ‡mk‡b
n‡ji QvÎ msm‡`I ‡Rbv‡ij ‡m‡µUvwi wbe©vwPZ nb| dRjyj nK nj gymwjg n‡ji QvÎ msm` wbe©vP‡b mvaviY m¤úv`K c«v_©x ‡Mvjvg Avhg
mKj cªv_©x‡`i g‡a¨ m‡e©v”P Ges ‡iKW© ‡fvU jvf K‡ib| wKš‘ gRvi e¨vcvi wQj Zvi c¨v‡b‡ji Avi mevB wbe©vP‡b civwRZ nb| wfwc wQ‡jb
‡gvqv‡¾g ‡nv‡mb ‡PŠayix| whwb cieZ©xKv‡j wm,Gm,wc Awdmvi, n‡qwQ‡jb|Zvi ‡hvM¨Zv I cªwZfv¸‡YB XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq ‡K›`«xq QvÎ msm`
WvKmyi ‡Rbv‡ij ‡m‡µUvwi wbe©vwPZ nb 1947-48 ‡mk‡b| 1948-49 mv‡jI wZwb WvKmyi mvaviY m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| G
mgq WvKmyi mn-mfvcwZ wQ‡jb wgt Aiwe›` ‡evm| fvlv Av‡›`vjb ïay Avgv‡`i BwZnv‡miB GK we¯§q bq, eis fvlvi Rb¨ Rxeb wewj‡q
‡`qvi BwZnvm GUvB cª_g| we‡k¦i Avi ‡Kv_vI wbR fvlv gvZ…fvlv‡K ivó«xq gh©v`vq cªwZôvi Rb¨ GZeo Z¨vM ¯^xKv‡ii NUbv N‡Uwb|
Z`vbxšÍb cvwK¯Ív‡bi msL¨vMwi‡ôi gvZ…fvlv evsjv b¨vqmsMZfv‡eB ivó« fvlvi gh©v`v cvIqv DwPZ wQ‡jv| wKš‘ AcwiYvg`k©x ¶gZvmxb
kvmK‡Mvôx D`©y‡K cvwK¯Í‡bi GKgvÎ ivó«fvlv wn‡m‡e Pvwc‡q ‡`qvi Ac‡Póv Pvwj‡qwQ‡jv| evsjv fvlv‡K mwVK gh©v`v cª`v‡bi `vwe‡Z cvwK¯Ívb
Kv‡qg nIqvi c‡ii eQiB wcªwÝcvj Aveyj Kv‡kgmn Bmjvgx fveavivq D¾xweZ GK`j Ziæ‡Yi cª‡Póvq ZgÏyb gRwj‡mi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ GK
Av‡›`vjb M‡o I‡V| ‡Mvov ‡_‡KB fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi ¯’cwZ‡`i GKRb mn‡hv×v wn‡m‡e ‡Mvjvg Avhg mwµq f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| fvlv
Av‡›`vj‡bi mgq wewfbœ mfv- mgv‡ek I wgwQ‡j wZwb ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`b Ges Zrci f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| ‡mB mgqKvi GKwU NUbvi D‡jøL K‡ib
evsjv‡`‡ki wewkó GK evgcš’x ‡bZv giûg ‡gvnv¤§` ‡Zvqvnv| XvKv WvB‡R‡÷i mv‡_ fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi Dci ‡bqv GK mv¶vZKv‡i 1978
mv‡ji gvP© msL¨vq wZwb e‡jb, ÔÔivó« fvlv evsjvi ¯^c‡¶ Bk‡Znvi wewj Ki‡Z QvÎiv PKevRv‡i RbZv KZ©…K ‡NivI nq| ZLb cwiw¯’wZ LyeB
cªwZK~j wQj| QvÎiv D‡ËwRZ RbZvi mvg‡b Amnvq Ae¯’vi m¤§yLxb| Gmgq ‡Mvjvg Avhg mvnm K‡i GwM‡q hvb| wZwb wPrKvi K‡i RbZvi
D‡Ï‡k¨ e‡jb, Av‡i fvB, Avgiv wK ej‡Z PvB, Zv GKevi ïb‡eb ‡Zv! G e‡jB wZwb ivó«fvlv evsjv n‡j c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi RbM‡Yi Kx DcKvi
n‡e Zvi Dci ‡QvULvU e³…Zv w`‡q Dcw¯’Z RbZv‡K kvšÍ Kivi ‡Póv Ki‡jb| cwiw¯’wZ kvšÍ n‡jv| ‡Mvjvg Avhg mv‡ne ZLb XvKv
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi ‡K›`«xq QvÎ msm` WvKmyi wR, Gm, wQ‡jb| QvÎ wn‡m‡e wZwb wQ‡jb ‡gavex| ¯^fveMZfv‡e wZwb wQ‡jb AgvwqK Ges f`ª|
fv‡jv mv‡K©‡ji QvÎiv ‡hgb ci®ú‡ii c«wZ AvK…ó n‡q _v‡K, ‡Zgwb Avgiv mnRvZfv‡e GKwÎZ n‡q fvlv Av‡›`vj‡b KvR K‡iwQ|ÕÕ wePvicwZ
Ave`yi ingvb ‡PŠayix Zvui mv¶vrKv‡i wjqvKZ Avjx Lv‡bi mfvq QvÎ mgv‡Ri c¶ ‡_‡K cwVZ ¯§viKwjwc m¤ú‡K© e‡jb, ÔÔivó«fvlvi `vwe
m¤^wjZ ‡g‡gv‡iÛv‡gi Lmov ‰Zwii fvi Avgvi Dci Awc©Z n‡qwQj| WvKmyi ZrKvjxb wR, Gm, ‡Mvjvg Avhg wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wRg‡bwmqvg
gv‡V Zv cvV K‡ib Ges QvÎ mgv‡Ri c¶ ‡_‡K wjqvKZ Avjx Lvb‡K cª`vb K‡ib|ÕÕ XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Qv·`i c¶ ‡_‡K cª`Ë GB
¯§viKwjwc‡Z ïaygvÎ evsjv‡K ivó« fvlv Kivi `vweB Kiv nqwb, eis Z`vbxšÍb c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi mvwe©K mgm¨v Ges `vex G‡Z cªwZdwjZ nq| G
¯§viKwjwc‡Z e…wUk c«ewZ©Z ‡Mvjvgx hy‡Mi wk¶v e¨e¯’vi cwieZ©b mvab K‡i ¯^vaxb RvwZi Dc‡hvMx wk¶v e¨e¯’v Pvjyi `vwe Rvbv‡bv nq|
c«v_wgK wk¶v ‡_‡K wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wk¶v ch©šÍ Ges KvwiMwi, cª‡KŠkj, wPwKrmv weÁvb I K…wl wk¶v wel‡q RbM‡Yi hveZxq `vwe Zy‡j aiv
nq| D”PZi wk¶v, c«wk¶Y Ges gwnjv wk¶vi e¨vcv‡i we‡kl `…wó AvKl©Y Kiv nq| K‡jR-wek¦we`¨vjqmn mKj wk¶v cªwZôv‡b eva¨Zvg~jK
mvgwiK cªwk¶Y c«`v‡bi `vweI H ¯§viKwjwc‡Z Rvbv‡bv nq| ¯§viKwjwc‡Z Lv`¨ Drcv`b e…w×, ¯^qs m¤ú~Y©Zv AR©b, f~wg ms¯‹vi, K…wl‡Z
‰eÁvwbK I mgevq c×wZ Pvjyi `vwe Kiv nq| `yb©xwZ I ‡PvivPvjvbx c«wZ‡iv‡a ev¯Íe c`‡¶c M«n‡YI miKvi‡K GwM‡q Avmvi Avnevb Rvbv‡bv

[77]
nq| wkívq‡b msL¨vMwiô c~e© cvwK¯Ívbx‡`I AwaKvi msi¶‡Yi `vwe Rvbv‡bv nq| evsjv Pvjy Ges wk¶vi gva¨g wn‡m‡e evsjv cªeZ©‡bi hveZxq
c`‡¶‡ci `vwe Rbv‡bv nq| kZKiv 62 fvM RbM‡Yi gvZ…fvlv evsjv‡K ivó« fvlvi gh©v`v ‡`qv bv n‡j GB A‡ji RbM‡Yi AMªMwZ iæ× n‡q
hv‡e| ¯§viKwjwc‡Z ivR‰bwZK wbcxob, A_©‰bwZK ‡kvl‡Yi D‡jøL K‡i ‡mbvevwnbx Ges ‡K›`«xq miKv‡ii PvKwi‡Z RbM‡Yi ivq wb‡q
RbcªwZwbwaZ¡kxj kvmb Ges MYZš¿ weKv‡ki ¯^v‡_© Awej‡¤^ ‡`‡k me©vZ¥K mvaviY wbe©vPb `vwe Kiv nq| Bmjvg Qvov Kgy¨wbRg I Ab¨vb¨
we‡`kxgš¿ cªZ¨vL¨vb Kiv nq| welqe¯Íy I we‡ePbvq GB ¯§viKwjwcwU wQj Z`vbxšÍb c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi RbM‡Yi `vwei cªwZaŸwb| wbtm‡›`‡n GB
¯§viKwjwcwU ïay fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi cª_g HwZnvwmK `wjj| 1952 mv‡j fvlv Av‡›`vjb hLb bZyb ch©v‡q cª‡ek K‡i Ges e¨vcKfv‡e RbMY G
Av‡›`vj‡b kixK nb, ZLb Kg©‡¶Î ‡_‡KB Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg mwµq f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| wZwb hLb iscyi KvigvB‡Kj K‡j‡R Aa¨vcbv
K‡iwQ‡jb, ZLbI ‡mLv‡b fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi ‡bZ…Z¡ w`‡Z wM‡q miKvi KZ©…K ‡MªdZvi nb| GKB Kvi‡Y wZwb 1955 mv‡j cybivq ‡M«dZvi nb
Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avhg|
gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx
e¨w³MZ Rxeb
gvIjvbv gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx 1943 mv‡ji 31‡k gvP© cvebvi mvuw_qv Dc‡Rjvi ‡gvnv¤§`cyi M«v‡g Rb¥M«nY K‡ib| 1963 mv‡j UvB‡Uj
(Kvwgj) Ges 1967 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq ‡_‡K mœvZK m¤úbœ K‡ib| Zvi wcZvi bvg jyrdi ingvb Lvb| e¨w³MZ Rxe‡b wbRvgx mvgmybvœ nvi
mv‡_ weevn e܇b Ave× nb| mvgmybœvnvi XvKvi gvbvivZ B›Uvib¨vkbvj K‡j‡Ri Aa¨¶ wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Qb| GB `¤úwËi Pvi cyÎ I
`yB Kb¨v i‡q‡Q|
ivR‰bwZK Rxeb
gIjvbv wbRvgx 1954 mv‡j hy³d«‡›U QvÎivRbxwZi gva¨‡g Zvi ivR‰bwZK Rxeb ïiæ K‡ib| 1961 mv‡j ZrKvjxb cvwK¯Ívb Rvgvqv‡Z
Bmjvgxi QvÎ msMVb Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni mv‡_ hy³ nb| cici wZb eQi (1966-69) wZwb c~e© cvwK¯Ívb Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni mfvcwZi `vwqZ¡
cvjb K‡ib| Gici `yBevi wZwb ‡MvUv cvwK¯Ívb Bmjvgx QvÎ ms‡Ni ‡K›`«xq mfvcwZi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 1983-1988 ch©šÍ wZwb Rvgvqv‡Z
Bmjv‡gi mnKvix ‡m‡µUvixi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 88-2000 mvj chšÍ© wZwb `‡ji ‡m‡µUvix ‡Rbv‡i‡ji `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 2001-GLb
ch©šÍ wZwb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjv‡gi Avgxi wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i Avm‡Qb|
• wZwb `yB ‡gqv‡` wbe©vwPZ RvZxq msm` m`m¨ (1991-96)I(2001-06)
• Mbc«RvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii gš¿x(2001-06)| K…wl gš¿Yvj‡qi mdj gš¿x (2001-03) Ges wkí gš¿Yvj‡qi mdj gš¿x (2003-06)|
• wZwb c«L¨vZ Bmjvgx gbxlx Ges wewfbœ wel‡q 54wU eB‡qi c«‡YZv|
• wZwb wek¦ BmjvwgK ÷«v‡UwRK ÷vwWR ‡m›Uvi KZ©…K 2009 mv‡j c«fvekvjx gymjgvb ZvwjKvq c«_g 50(43 Zg) G ¯’vb jvf K‡ib|
‡M«ßvi:
2010 mv‡ji 17B gvP© GKwU Rbmfvq XvKv gnvbMi Rvgvqv‡Zi Avwgi iwdKyj Bmjvg wbcxo‡bi K_v D‡jøL K‡i wbRvgxi Rxeb‡K bex
gynv¤§`-Gi mv‡_ Zyjbv K‡i‡Qb e‡j Awf‡hvM Kiv nq| Ggb Awf‡hv‡M 21‡k gvP© evsjv‡`k ZwiKZ ‡dWv‡ik‡bi gnvmwPe ‰mq` ‡iRvDj
nK Pvu`cyix Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi Avwgi gwZDi ingvb wbRvgx, ‡m‡µUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij Avjx Avnmvb ‡gvnv¤§` gyRvwn`, bv‡q‡e Avwgi ‡`jvIqvi
‡nvmvBb mvC`x, XvKv gnvbMi Rvgvqv‡Zi Avwgi gynv¤§` iwdKyj Bmjvg Lvub I XvKv gnvbMi (`w¶Y) QvÎwkwe‡ii mfvcwZ Av m g Bqvwnqvi
bv‡g gvgjv K‡ib|
29 Ryb, 2010 Zvwi‡L igbv _vbv cywjk ‡cÖmK¬v‡ei mvg‡b ‡_‡K gwZDi ingvb wbRvgxmn Av‡iv wZbRb wmwbqi RvgvqvZ ‡bZv‡K ‡M«ßvi
K‡i| 14B ‡deªæqvwi 2011 mv‡j gvgjvwU wb®úwËi Rb¨ Av‡e`b K‡ib| 2011 mv‡ji gv‡P© D”P Av`vjZ gvgjvwU Pvi gv‡mi Rb¨ gyjZwe
‡NvlYv K‡ib|
hy×vciv‡ai Awf‡hvMmg~n
ivó«c¶ gwZDi ingvb wbRvgxi weiæ‡× hy×vciv‡ai ‡hme Awf‡hvM Av‡bb ‡m¸‡jv n‡jv-
1. cvebv wRjv ¯‹y‡ji c«avb wk¶K gvIjvbv KwQgywÏb‡K 1971 mv‡ji 4 Ryb cvwK¯Ívwb ‡mbviv AcniY K‡i b~icyi cvIqvi nvD‡mi K¨v‡¤ú
wb‡q hvq| ‡mLv‡b wbRvgxi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Zvi Ici wbh©vZb Pvjv‡bv nq| 10 Ryb Zv‡K BQvgZx b`xi cv‡o Av‡iv K‡qKR‡bi m‡½ nZ¨v Kiv
nq|
2. 1971 mv‡ji 10 ‡g cvebvi mvuw_qv Dc‡Rjvi evDkMvwo M«v‡gi iƒcmx c«v_wgK we`¨vj‡q ¯’vbxq kvwšÍ KwgwUi m`m¨ I ivRvKvi‡`i GKwU
mfvq wbRvgx Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| mfvq cwiKíbv K‡i 14 ‡g cvwK¯Ívwb ‡mbviv `yBwU M«v‡gi c«vq mv‡o 450 Rb‡K nZ¨v K‡i Ges ivRvKviiv
c«vq 30-40 Rb bvix‡K al©Y K‡i|
3. 1971 mv‡ji ‡g gv‡mi ïiæ ‡_‡K 16 wW‡m¤^i ch©šÍ ‡gvnv¤§`cy‡ii wdwRK¨vj ‡U«wbs Bbw÷wUD‡U wbh©vZb, nZ¨v, al©‡Yi NUbvq wbRvgxi
m¤ú…³Zv i‡q‡Q KviY wZwb H K¨v‡¤ú wbqwgZ hvZvqvZ Ki‡Zb|
4. KigRv M«v‡g nZ¨v, al©Y I jy‡Ui NUbvq Zvi m¤ú…³Zvi Awf‡hvM|

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5. 1971 mv‡ji 16 Gwc«j wbRvgxi mn‡hvwMZvq cvwK¯Ívwb ‡mbviv Ck¦i`x Dc‡Rjvi Avocvov I f~‡Zi evwo M«v‡g nvgjv Pvwj‡q evwo-Ni
jyÉb I AwMœms‡hvM K‡i| G mgq 21 Rb wbi¯¿ gvbyl nZ¨v Kiv nq|
6. wbRvgx 1971 mv‡ji 27 b‡f¤^i ayjvDov M«v‡g 30 Rb‡K nZ¨vq ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`b I Zvi m¤ú…³Zv wQj|
7. 1971 mv‡ji 3 wW‡m¤^i ‡mvnive Avjx bvgK GK e¨w³‡K wbh©vZb I nZ¨v K‡ib|
8. 1971 mv‡ji 30 AvM÷ wbRvgx bvLvjcvovi cy‡iv‡bv Ggwc ‡nv‡÷‡j ‡q AvUK iægx, ew`, Rvjvj‡`i nZ¨vi NUbvq cvwK¯Ívwb ‡mbv‡`i
c«‡ivPbv ‡`b|
9. 1971 mv‡ji 3 wW‡m¤^i wn›`y Aay¨wlZ wekvwjLv M«v‡g 70 Rb‡K MYnZ¨v K‡ib|
10. wbRvgxi wb‡`©‡k ivRvKviiv cvebvi ‡mvbvZjv M«v‡gi gyw³‡hv×v Awbj P›`« KyÐyi evwo‡Z Av¸b ‡`q e‡j Awf‡hvM i‡q‡Q|
11. 1971 mv‡ji 3 AvM÷ PÆM«vg gymwjg Bbw÷wUD‡U Bmjvgx QvÎmsN Av‡qvwRZ mfvq wbRvgx D¯‹vwbg~jK e³e¨ ‡`b|
12. 22 AvM÷ XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi BmjvwgK GKv‡Wwg n‡j Avj gv`vbxi ¯§iYmfvq D¯‹vwbg~jK e³‡e¨i Rb¨ 12 b¤^i Awf‡hvM MVb Kiv
nq|
13. 8 ‡m‡Þ¤^i c«wZi¶v w`em Dcj‡¶ XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Kjvfe‡bi mvg‡b QvÎms‡Ni mfvq e³‡e¨i Rb¨ 13 b¤^i Awf‡hvM MVb Kiv nq|
14. 10 ‡m‡Þ¤^i h‡kv‡i ivRvKvi‡`i c«avb Kvh©vj‡q D¯‹vwbg~jK e³‡e¨i Rb¨ 14 b¤^i Awf‡hvM MVb Kiv nq|
15. 1971 mv‡ji ‡g gvm ‡_‡K 16 wW‡m¤^i ch©šÍ mvuw_qv cvBjU D”P we`¨vj‡q Aew¯’Z ivRvKvi K¨v‡¤ú wbRvgx I ivRvKvi mvgv` wgqvi
loh‡š¿ ‡mLv‡b gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciva msNwUZ nq|
16. 1971 mv‡ji 18B wW‡m¤^i Rvgvqv‡Zi ZrKvjxb QvÎmsMVb Bmjvgx QvÎmsN I Avje`i evwnbx eyw×Rxex‡`i nZ¨v K‡ib Ges Avje`i
evwnbxi c«avb wn‡m‡e wbRvgxi we‡iv‡× GB Awf‡hvM Avbv nq|
D³ 16wU Awf‡hv‡Mi g‡a¨ U«vBeybv‡ji g‡Z 8wU c«gvwbZ nq|Gi g‡a¨ 2,4,6 I 16 bs Awf‡hv‡M dvuwmi Av‡`k Ges 1,3,7,8 Awf‡hv‡M
hv¾xeb ‡`Iqv nq|
wKš‘ ev¯ÍweK c‡¶ D³ Awf‡hvM¸‡jv D‡Ïk¨c«‡Yvw`Z, wfwËnxb I ev‡bvqvU wbj©¾ wg_¨vPvi Qvov wKQyB bq| ivó«c‡¶i ‡Kvb mv¶xB Pv¶yl
‡`‡Lb bvB eis ‡jvKgy‡L ï‡b‡Qb e‡j ejv nq Ges G ïbv K_vi wfwˇZ UªvBeybvj-1 Gi wePvicwZ GK‡PvLv bxwZ Aej¤^b K‡i 19 A‡±vei
2014‡Z Zvi dvwmui ivq c«`vb K‡ib|
Avjx Avnmvb gynv¤§` gyRvnx`
1948 mv‡ji 1 Rvbyqvwi dwi`cy‡i Rb¥ MªnY K‡ib| wZwb Zvi wcZv gvIjvbv Avãyj Avjxi Kv‡Q cªv_wgK wk¶v jvf K‡ib| Zvi wcZv
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi g‡bvbxZ cªv_©x wn‡m‡e 1962-1964 mvj ch©šÍ cªv‡`wkK cwil‡`i m`m¨I (GgwcG) wbe©vwPZ n‡qwQ‡jb| c‡i Avjx
Avnmvb ‡gvnv¤§v` gyRvwn` dwi`cyi gqRywÏb ¯‹y‡j fwZ© nb Ges ZviI c‡i dwi`cyi ‡Rjv ¯‹y‡j Aa¨vqb K‡ib| gva¨wgK ch©v‡qi covïbv
m¤úbœ Kivi ci wZwb dwi`cy‡I iv‡R›`ª K‡j‡R fwZ© nb| iv‡R›`ª K‡jR ‡_‡K D”P gva¨wgK Ges mœvZK wWMªx ‡kl Kivi ci wZwb 1970
mv‡ji wW‡m¤^‡i XvKvq Av‡mb| QvÎ Rxeb ‡_‡KB gyRvwn` ivRbxwZi mv‡_ hy³ n‡q c‡ob| ïiæ‡Z iv‡R›`ª K‡j‡R wKQyw`b GbGmGd G KvR
Kivi ci wZwb Bmjvgx QvÎms‡Ni mv‡_ hy³ nb| 1970 mv‡j dwi`cyi Qv‡ob ZLb wZwb dwi`cyi ‡Rjvq QvÎms‡Ni mfvcwZ wQ‡jb| XvKvq
G‡m wZwb Bmjvgx QvÎms‡Ni XvKv ‡Rjvi ‡m‡µUvwi wbe©vwPZ nb| cieZ©x‡Z wZwb 1971 mv‡ji RyjvB‡Z QvÎms‡Ni cªv‡`wkK ‡m‡µUvwi
(ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯Ívb) g‡bvbxZ nb Ges Gi gvÎ `yB gvm ci A‡±ve‡i wZwb QvÎms‡Ni cªv‡`wkK mfvcwZ wbe©vwPZ nb| Avjx Avnmvb
‡gvnv¤§v` gyRvwn` Zvi ‡ckvMZ Rxeb ïiæ K‡ib bvivqbMÄ Av`k© ¯‹y‡ji Aa¨¶ wn‡m‡e| 1981 mvj ch©šÍ wZwb bvivqb¸‡Äi Av`k© ¯‹y‡ji
Aa¨¶ wn‡m‡e KvR K‡ib| cieZ©x‡Z mvsNVwbK cª‡qvR‡b wZwb XvKvq ¯’vbvšÍwiZ nb| 2010 mv‡j 29 Ryb ‡MªdZvi nIqvi AvM ch©šÍ wZwb
evsjv‡`k cvewj‡KkÝ Gi ‡Pqvig¨vb wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb KiwQ‡jb| wZwb ‰`wbK msM«v‡gi ‡Pqvig¨vb Ges mvßvwnK ‡mvbvi evsjvi cwiPvjK
wn‡m‡eI `vwqZ¡ cvjb KiwQ‡jb| QvÎRxeb ‡kl Kivi ciciB Avjx Avnmvb ‡gvnv¤§v` gyRvwn` Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx‡Z ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| wZwb
1982-1989 ch©šÍ XvKv gnvbMi Rvgvqv‡Zi Avwgi wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 1989 mvj ‡_‡K 2000 mvj ch©šÍ wZwb Rvgvqv‡Zi mnKvix
‡m‡µUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij I wjqv‡Rv KwgwUi c«avb wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| 2000 mv‡ji 8 wW‡m¤^i wZwb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi ‡m‡µUvwi
‡Rbv‡ij g‡bvbxZ nb Ges ‡mB ‡_‡K g…Z¨yi AvM ch©šÍ G c‡` wQ‡jb| Avjx Avnmvb ‡gvnv¤§v` gyRvwn` 1969 Gi MYAfy¨Ìvb I QvÎ
Av‡›`vj‡b, 1990 Gi ‰¯^ivPvi we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡b, 1994-1996 ‡Kqvi‡UKvi miKvi cªwZôvi Av‡›`vj‡b fywgKv cvjb K‡ib| Avjx Avnmvb
‡gvnv¤§v` gyRvwn` 2001 mv‡ji 10 A‡±vei MbcªRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mgvRKj¨vY gš¿x wn‡m‡e kc_ MªnY K‡ib Ges gš¿x wn‡m‡e 5
eQi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| mgvRKj¨vY gš¿x wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb KivKvjxb wZwb RvZxq A_©‰bwZK cwil`, RvZxq A_©‰bwZK cwil` (GK‡bK),
RvZxq bvix Dbœqb KvDwÝj, A_©bxwZ msµvšÍ gš¿xmfv KwgwU, miKvwi µq msµvšÍ KwgwU, bvix Dbœqb Ges bvix AwaKvi welqK RvZxq KwgwU,
Kviv ms¯‹vi KwgwU, GwmW I gv`ªK wbqš¿b RvZxq KwgwU, ¶y`« Fb msµvšÍ RvZxq KwgwU, eq¯‹ fvZv msµvšÍ RvZxq KwgwU Ges wK‡kvi Aciva
`gb I wbqš¿Y msµvš— RvZxq KwgwUi m`m¨ wQ‡jb| ag©xq Abyf~wZ‡Z AvNvZ ‡`qvi Awf‡hv‡Mi GKwU gvgjvq 2010 mv‡ji 29 Ryb Avjx
Avnmvb ‡gvnv¤§` gyRvwn`‡K ‡Mªßvi Kivi ci 2 AMv÷ Zv‡K gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciv‡ai Awf‡hv‡M ‡Mªßvi ‡`Lv‡bv nq| gvgjvi ïbvwb ‡k‡l
[79]
Awf‡hvM MV‡bi ga¨ w`‡q 2012 mv‡ji 21 Ryb U«vBe¨ybv‡j gyRvwn‡`i wePvi ïvs nq| 2013 mv‡ji 17 RyjvB U«vBey¨bv‡j GB RvgvqvZ ‡bZvi
dvuwmi ivq Av‡m| IB iv‡qi weiæ‡× 2013 mv‡ji 11 AMv÷ Avwcj K‡ib gyRvwn`| Avwc‡j g„Zy¨`Û envj _vKvi ci Lvjvm ‡P‡q Avevi
wiwfD K‡ib gyRvwn`| me©‡kl wiwfD‡ZI envj _v‡K Zvi g„Zy¨`Û| 21 b‡f¤^I 2015 kwbevi w`evMZ ivZ 12 Uv 45 wgwb‡U Zvi dvuwm Kvh©Ki
Kiv nq| Avjx Avnmvb ‡gv: gyRvwn` 1973 mv‡ji 18 A‡±vei ‡eMg Zvgvbœv-B-Rvnv‡bi mv‡_ weevne܇b Ave× nb| Zvgvbœv-B-Rvnvb XvKv
wek¦we`¨vjq ‡_‡K MªvRy‡qkb m¤úbœ K‡ib| eZ©gv‡b wZwb XvKv gnvbMi gwnjv Rvgvqv‡Zi mnKvix ‡m‡µUvwi Ges ‡K›`«xq gRwj‡k ïivi m`m¨
wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Qb| Zvgvbœv-B- Rvnvb GKRb M…wnbx Ges cÎ cwÎKvq ‡jLv‡jwL K‡ib| Avjx Avnmvb ‡gv: gyRvwn` Ges Zvgvbœv- B-
Rvnv‡bi 3 cyÎ Ges GK ‡g‡q|
Avjøvgv †`‡jvqvi †nvmvBb mvC`x
Rb¥t 1940 mv‡ji 2iv ‡de«yqvwi wc‡ivRcyi‡Rjvi mvB`Lvjx Mªv‡g Rb¥Mªnb K‡ib| wcZvi bvgt BDmyd mvC`x whwb GKRb ¯^bvab¨ Bmjvgx
cwZ ev Av‡jg wQ‡jb| gv‡qi bvgt ¸jbvnvi ‡eMg Avjøvgv mvB`xi mšÍvbt Pvi ‡Q‡j- giûg iwdK mvB`x, kvgxg mvB`x, gvmy` mvB`x Ges
bvwmg mvB`x|
wk¶vRxebt wcZvi cªwZwôZ gv`ªvmvq cªv_wgK wk¶vRxeb mgvß K‡ib| c‡i wZwb Lyjbv Avwjqv gv`ªvmvq wKQyw`b Ges c‡i 1962 mv‡j QviwQbv
Avwjqv gv`ªvmv ‡_‡K Kvwgj cvk K‡ib| Kvwgj cvk Kivi ci wewfbœ fvlv, ag©,`k©b,weÁvb, ivRbxwZ, A_©bxwZ,ciivó«bxwZ, g‡bvweÁvb I
wewfbœ Z‡Ëi Dci `xN© 5 eQi Aa¨vqb K‡ib |
`vqx Bjvjøvnt 1967 mvj ‡_‡K wZwb wb‡R‡K "`vqx Bjvjøvn" wn‡m‡e AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib | gvIjvbv ‡`‡jvqvi ‡nvmvBb mvB`x c…w_exi
Aa©k‡ZiI ‡ewk ‡`‡k Avgwš¿Z nq Bmjv‡gi my-gnvb Av`k© gvby‡li Kv‡Q Zy‡j a‡i‡Qb| ‡`‡k Zvui 50 eQ‡ii Bmjvg c«Pv‡ii bgybv ‡`Lyb
ms‡¶‡c--- K. PÆM«vg c¨v‡iW MªvDÛ gq`v‡b c«wZ eQi 5 w`b K‡i Uvbv 29 eQi| cweÎ Kvev kix‡di m¤§vwbZ Bgvg G gvnwd‡j `yÕevi cªavb
AwZw_ wn‡m‡e Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| L. Lyjbv mvwK©U nvDR gq`vb mn kn‡ii wewfbœ gv‡V cªwZ eQi 2 w`b K‡i 38 eQi M. wm‡jU miKvix Avjxqv
gv`ªvmv gv‡V c«wZ eQi 3 w`b K‡i Uvbv 33 eQi N. ivRkvnx miKvix gv`«vmv gv‡V cªwZ eQi 3 w`b K‡i GK Uvbv 35 eQi O. e¸ov kn‡i cªwZ
eQi 2 w`b K‡i GKUvbv 25 eQi P. XvKv Kgjvcyi ‡ijI‡q gq`vb I cëb gq`v‡b cªwZ eQi 3 w`b K‡i GKUvbv 34 eQi
ivR‰bwZK Rxebt 1979 mv‡j Rvgvqv‡Zi mvaviY mg_©K wn‡m‡e ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| 1989 mv‡j Rvgvqv‡Zi gRwj‡m ïivi m`m¨ wn‡m‡e
wbe©vwPZ nb| me©‡kl eZ©gv‡b wZwb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi bv‡q‡e Avgxi ØvwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Qb|
AvšÍR©vwZK A½‡bt
K. 1976 mvj ‡_‡K ‡mŠw` Avgš¿‡b ivRKxq ‡gngvb wn‡m‡e wZwb n¾eªZ cvjb K‡i Avm‡Qb| 1990 mvj ‡_‡K 2008 mvj ch©šÍ cªwZeQi
igRvb gvm g°vg`xbvq _vKv iæwUb n‡q wMqwQj Zvui|
L. 1982 mv‡j Bgvg Lwgwbi Avgš¿‡b Biv‡bi cª_g wecøe evwl©Kx D¾vcb Dcj‡¶ wZwb ‡Znivb mdi K‡ib | 1991 mv‡j ‡mŠw` ev`kvi
Avgš¿‡b Ky‡qZ - BivK hy‡×i wggvsmv ‰eV‡K wZwb ‡hvM`vb K‡ib | 1991 mv‡j Bmjvgx mvi‡Kj Ad b_© A¨v‡gwiKv Zv‡K "Avjøvgv" ‡LZv‡e
f~wlZ K‡ib |
M. 1993 mv‡j wbDBqv‡K© RvwZm‡•Ni mvg‡b A¨v‡gwiKvb gymwjg ‡W c¨v‡iW m‡¤§j‡b gvIjvbv ‡`‡jvqvi ‡nvmvBb mvBw`‡K "Mª¨vÛ gvk©vj
"c`K ‡`qv nq | `yevB miKv‡ii Avgš¿‡b 2000 mv‡ji 8B wW‡m¤^i Avie Avwgiv‡Z 50,000 nvRv‡iiI ‡ewk ‡kªvZvi mvg‡b wZwb
‡KviAv‡bi Zvdwmi ‡ck K‡ib |
N. jÛb gymwjg ‡m›Uv‡ii D™¢awb Abyôv‡b Kvev kwi‡di m¤§vwbZ Bgvg "kv‡qL Avãyi ivngvb Avm my`vBwmi" mv‡_ gvIjvbv mvCw`I Avgwš¿Z
nb |
gvIjvbv mvC`xi nv‡Z nvZ ‡i‡L Qq kZvwaK Agymwjg Bmjv‡gi mygnvb Av`‡k© w`w¶Z nb| gvIjvbv mvC`xi Avg„Zz¨ ‡Rj 17 ‡m‡Þ¤^i
2014, eyaevi, wewkó Av‡j‡g Øxb ‡gvdvmwm‡i KyiAvb gvIjvbv ‡`jvIqvi ‡nvmvBb mvC`xi Avg„Zz¨ ‡Rj w`‡q‡Qb mywcªg ‡Kv‡U©i Avwcj wefvM|
cªavb wePvicwZ ‡gv: ‡gvRv‡¤§j ‡nv‡m‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ cvuP m`‡m¨i Avwcj ‡e msL¨vMwi‡ôi wfwˇZ AvR eyaevi mKvj 10Uv 7 wgwb‡U
msw¶ßfv‡e G ivq ‡`b| ‡e‡Âi Ab¨ m`m¨iv n‡jb- wePvicwZ my‡i›`ª Kygvi wmbnv, wePvicwZ ‡gv. Ave`yj Iqvnnve wgTv, wePvicwZ nvmvb
d‡qR wmwÏKx I wePvicwZ G GBP Gg kvgmywÏb ‡PŠayix| gvIjvbv mvC`xi weiæ‡× Av‡jvwPZ 10 b¤^i Awf‡hvM wekvevjx nZ¨vKv‡Û Avg„Zz¨
Kviv`Û, 16 I 19 b¤^i Awf‡hv‡M Rve¾xeb, Aci Av‡jvwPZ AvU b¤^i Awf‡hvM Beªvwng KywÆ nZ¨vKvÛ 12 eQ‡ii mkªg Kvi`Û, mvZ b¤^i
Awf‡hv‡M 10 eQi mk«g Kviv`Û Ges Qq, 11 I 14 b¤^i Awf‡hv‡M Lvjvm ‡`qv n‡q‡Q| ivq ‡NvlYvi mgq c«avb wePvicwZi GRjv‡m
wecyjmsL¨K AvBbRxex I mvsevw`K Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb| MZ 16 Gwcªj Avwcj wefv‡M gvIjvbv mvC`xi Avwcj gvgjvi me Kvh©µg ‡k‡l ivq
‡NvlYv A‡c¶gvY ivLv nq| Zvi cvuP gvm ‡k‡l AvR P~ovšÍ ivq n‡”Q| AvR cª_‡gB ‡NvlYv Kiv n‡e G ivq| cªavb wePvicwZi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ cvuP
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m`‡m¨i Avwcj ‡e G Avwcj gvgjvi wePviKvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡ib| MZ eQi 28 ‡deªæqvwi gvIjvbv mvC`x‡K g…Z¨y`Û ‡`b AvšÍR©vwZK
Aciva U«vBe¨ybvj-1| 1971 mv‡j nZ¨v, MYnZ¨v, AwMœms‡hvM, jyUcvU, wbh©vZb, al©Y, ag©všÍiKiYmn 20wU Awf‡hvM Av‡b ivó«c¶| Gi g‡a¨
AvUwU Awf‡hv‡M gvIjvbv mvC`x‡K ‡`vlx mve¨¯Í Kiv nq| `yÕwU Awf‡hv‡M Zv‡K g„Zz¨`Û ‡`b U«vBe¨ybvj| gvIjvbv mvC`xi Lvjvm ‡P‡q MZ eQi
28 gvP© Avwcj wefv‡M Av‡e`b K‡i Avmvwgc¶| ‡h QqwU Awf‡hv‡M Zv‡K ‡`vlx mve¨¯Í Kiv n‡q‡Q; wKš‘ mvRv D‡jøL K‡iwb U«vBe¨ybvj,
‡m¸‡jv‡Z mvRv D‡jøL Kivi `vwe Rvwb‡q GKB w`b ivó«c¶I Avwcj Av‡e`b K‡i| IB eQi 24 ‡m‡Þ¤^i Avwcj ïbvwb ïiæ nq| mv‡o Qq
gv‡miI AwaK mgq ci Av‡jvwPZ G gvgjvq Avwcj ïbvwb ‡k‡l ivq A‡c¶gvY ‡NvlYv Kiv nq MZ 16 Gwcªj| gvIjvbv mvC`xi Avwcj
gvgjvi ïbvwbi Rb¨ cªavb wePvicwZ ‡gv: ‡gvRv‡¤§j ‡nv‡m‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ cvuP m`‡m¨i Avwcj ‡e MVb Kiv nq ZLb| ‡e‡Âi Aci Pvi
wePvicwZ n‡jb, wePvicwZ my‡i›`ª Kygvi wmbnv, wePvicwZ Ave`yj Iqvnnve wgTv, wePvicwZ nvmvb d‡qR wmwÏK I wePvicwZ G GBP Gg
kvgmywÏb ‡PŠayix|
gvIjvbv mvC`x‡K `yÕwU nZ¨vi Awf‡hv‡M g…Z¨y`Û ‡`b U«vBe¨ybvj-1| G `yÕwU Awf‡hvM n‡jv Beªvnxg KywÆ I wekvevjx nZ¨v| gvIjvbv mvC`xi
weiæ‡× ‡gvU 20wU Awf‡hv‡M PvR© MVb nq| Gi g‡a¨ AvUwU Awf‡hvM cªgvwYZ
n‡q‡Q e‡j iv‡q D‡jøL K‡ib U«vBe¨ybvj| cªgvwYZ AvUwU Awf‡hv‡Mi `yÕwU nZ¨vi Awf‡hv‡M m‡e©v”P kvw¯Í dvuwmi Av‡`k ‡`qvi Kvi‡Y evwK QqwU
Awf‡hvM cªgvwYZ n‡jI Zv‡Z‡Kv‡bv kvw¯Íi K_v D‡jøL K‡ibwb U«vBey¨bvj| evwK ‡h QqwU Awf‡hvM cªgvwYZ n‡q‡Q e‡j iv‡q D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q
‡m¸‡jvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q ag©všÍiKiY, jyUcvU, AwMœms‡hvM I AcniY| ‡h `yB Awf‡hv‡M g…Z¨y`Û : gvIjvbv mvC`xi weiæ‡× ‡h 20wU Awf‡hv‡M
PvR© MVb Kiv nq Zvi g‡a¨ AvU bs Awf‡hv‡M ejv nq 1971 mv‡ji 8 ‡g gvIjvbv mvC`xi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ cvwK¯Ívb Avwg© Ges kvwšÍ KwgwUi ‡jvKRb
wP_wjqv Mªv‡g gvwbK cmvixi evwo jyU K‡i| gvwbK cmvixi evwo ‡_‡K Beªvwng KywÆ I gwdRyj bv‡g `yÕRb‡K a‡i wb‡q hvIqv nq cv‡oinvU
evRv‡i| Zviv IB evwo‡Z KvR Ki‡Zb| cv‡oinvU evRv‡i ‡bqvi ci gvIjvbv mvC`xi wb‡`©‡k cvwK¯Ívb Avwg© Beªvwng KywƇK ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v
K‡i| 10bs ‡h Awf‡hv‡M g„Zz¨`Û ‡`qv n‡q‡Q ‡m wel‡q PvR© ‡d«wgs AW©v‡i D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q 1971 mv‡ji 6 Ryb mKvj 10Uvq D‡g`cyi
Mªv‡g mvC`xi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ 25wU Ni cywo‡q ‡`qv nq| G mgq mvC`xi wb‡`©‡k wekvevjx bv‡g GKRb‡K bvi‡Kj Mv‡Qi mv‡_ ‡eu‡a nZ¨v Kiv nq|
Avwcj ïbvwbi mgq Beªvwng KywÆ nZ¨v wel‡q Avmvwgc¶ Zv‡`i hyw³‡Z e‡j‡Qb, Beªvwng KywÆ 1971 mv‡j 8 ‡g Zvi k¦ïievwo bjeywbqv _vKv
Ae¯’vq wbnZ n‡q‡Qb| G wel‡q Zvi ¯¿x ggZvR ‡eMg 1972 mv‡j gvgjv K‡ib 13 Rb‡K Avmvwg K‡i, Zv‡Z gvIjvbv mvC`xi bvg ‡bB|
ggZvR ‡eMg GL‡bv RxweZ Av‡Qb| gvgjvi msw¶ß weeiY : 2011 mv‡ji 7 wW‡m¤^i gvIjvbv mvC`xi weiæ‡× mv¶¨MªnY ïiæ nq| GK eQ‡ii
gv_vq 2012 mv‡ji 6 wW‡m¤^i gvgjvi me Kvh©µg ‡k‡l iv‡qi ZvwiL A‡c¶gvY ‡NvlYv K‡ib U«vBey¨bvj| wKš‘ ¯‹vBc ‡K‡j¼vwii‡Ri a‡i
U«vBey¨bvj ‡Pqvig¨vb wePvicwZ wbRvgyj nK c`Z¨vM K‡ib| Gici gvIjvbv mvC`xmn Ab¨vb¨ gvgjvi cybivq wePvi `vwe K‡i `iLv¯Í Kiv nq
Avmvwgc¶ ‡_‡K| ‡m Av‡e`b LvwiR n‡q hvq| Z‡e gvIjvbv mvC`xi gvgjvq cybivq hyw³ Dc¯’vcb ïiæi Av‡`k ‡`b U«vBey¨bvj| 2013
mv‡ji 13 Rvbyqvwi cybivq hyw³ Dc¯’vcb ïiæ nq I 29 Rvbyqvwi Dfq c‡¶i hyw³ ‡ck ‡kl n‡j ‡mw`b cybivq iv‡qi ZvwiL A‡cgvY ‡NvlYv
K‡ib U«vBey¨bvj| 1971 mv‡j ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i mgq msNwUZ gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciv‡ai wePv‡ii j‡¶¨ 2010 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m AvšÍRv© wZK
Aciva U«vBe¨ybvj 1 MVb Kiv nq| U«vBey¨bv‡j gvIjvbv ‡`jvIqvi ‡nvmvBb mvC`xi weiæ‡× gvgjvwUB wQj c«_g gvgjv| Z‡e ¯‹vBc ‡K‡j¼vwii
Kvi‡Y wcwQ‡q hvq G gvgjvi ivq ‡NvlYvi welqwU| gvwbK cmvix bv‡g GK ‡jvK wc‡ivRcy‡ii gyL¨ wePvwiK nvwKg Av`vj‡Z 2009 mv‡ji 12
AvM÷ gvIjvbv ‡`jvIqvi ‡nvmvBb mvC`xi weiæ‡× 1971 mv‡ji NUbvq GKwU gvgjv K‡ib| Gi K‡qK w`b ci 9 ‡m‡Þ¤^i gvneyeyj Avjg
bv‡g Av‡iKe¨w³ gvIjvbv ‡`jvIqvi ‡nvmvBb mvC`xi weiæ‡× wc‡ivRcyi bvwjwk Av`vj‡Z GKwU bvwjwk `iLv¯Í `vwLj K‡ib| 2010 mv‡j
AvšÍR©vwZK Aciva U«vBe¨ybvj MV‡bi ci gvIjvbv mvC`xi weiæ‡× wc‡ivRcy‡i gvgjvi evw` gvneyeyj Avjg nvIjv`vi 2010 mv‡ji 20 RyjvB
XvKvq U«vBey¨bv‡ji Z`šÍ ms¯’vi Kv‡Q gvIjvbv mvC`xi weiæ‡× 1971 mv‡j gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciv‡ai Awf‡hvM G‡b wePvi `vwe K‡ib| Gfv‡e
gvIjvbv mvC`xi welqwU U«vBey¨bv‡ji Aax‡b Av‡m Ges wePviKvh©µg ïiæ nq| Gi Av‡M ag©xq Abyf~wZ‡Z AvNvZ ‡`qv msµvšÍ GKwU gvgjvq
2010 mv‡ji 29 Ryb ‡M«dZvi Kiv nq gvIjvbv mvC`x‡K|
Avãyj Kv‡`i †gvjøv
mvgvwRK ‡bZv wnmv‡e Avãyj Kv‡`i ‡gvjøv GKwU cwiwPZ bvg| Zvi Rb¥ 1948 mv‡j| wZwb evsjv‡`k Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi mnKvix ‡m‡µUvwi
‡Rbv‡i‡ji `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i‡Qb| dwi`cyi ‡Rjvi m`icyi _vbvi RwicviW½x M«v‡g wZwb Rb¥ M«nY K‡ib| Zvi M«v‡gi RwicviW½x miKvix
c«v_wgK we`¨vj‡qB Zvi wk¶v Rxe‡bi ïiæ| eiveiB wZwb wQ‡jb GKRb ‡gavex QvÎ| wZwb h_vµ‡g 1959 I 1961 mv‡j c«v_wgK I gva¨wgK
wk¶v e…wË jvf K‡ib| wZwb 1964 mv‡j Avwgivev` dRjyj nK BwÝwUDU ‡_‡K c«_g ‡k«Yx‡Z gva¨wgK cwi¶vq K…ZKvh© nb|
Gici wZwb GKB ‡Rjvi iv‡R›`« K‡j‡R fwZ© nb| K…wZ‡Z¡i mv‡_ 1966 mv‡j D”Pgva¨wgK cwi¶vq DËxb© nb wZwb| 1968 mv‡j wZwb GKB
K‡jR ‡_‡K weGmwm cvk K‡ib| wKš‘ c«ej Avw_©K msK‡Ui Kvi‡b Gici Zv‡K wk¶KZv ‡ckvq AvZ¥wb‡qvM Ki‡Z nq| cov‡jLv Pvwj‡q
hvIqv nqwb ZLb Avi| cieZ©x‡Z 1970 mv‡j wZwb XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi c`v_© weÁvb wefv‡M fwZ© nb| gyw³hy‡×i Kvi‡b 1971 mv‡j Zvi
[81]
gv÷vm© cix¶v ‡`qv n‡q I‡VbvB| 1975 mv‡j wZwb mvgvwRK weÁv‡bi wk¶v c«kvm‡bi wW‡cøvgvq AZx‡Zi mKj ‡iKW© f½ K‡i c«_g ‡k«Yx‡Z
c«_g ¯’vb AwaKvi K‡ib| c‡i 1977 mv‡j wZwb wk¶v c«kvmb ‡_‡K gv÷vm© wWM«x AR©b K‡ib| GLv‡bI wZwb c«_g ‡k«bx‡Z c«_g nb| Rbve
‡gvjøv Zvi QvÎ Rxeb ‡_‡KB wk¶KZv ‡ckvq ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| 1977 mv‡j XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi c«vY‡K‡›`« Aew¯’Z XvKvi weL¨vZ we`¨vcxV
D`qb gva¨wgK we`¨vj‡qi LÛKvjxb wk¶K wnmv‡e ‡hvM`vb K‡ib|
Zvi Gg.G cix¶vi ‡iRv‡ëi c‡i wZwb evsjv‡`k ivB‡djm cvewjK ¯‹yj GÛ K‡j‡Ri wmwbqi wk¶K wnmv‡e ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| c‡i wZwb GKB
c«wZôv‡bi fvic«vß Aa¨‡¶i `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| ‡mLvb ‡_‡K wZwb Bmjvgx dvD‡Ûkb evsjv‡`‡k ms¯‹…wZ Kg©KZ©v wnmv‡e ‡hvM ‡`b| 1978
mv‡j wimvm© ¯‹jvi wnmv‡e evsjv‡`k Bmjvgx ‡m›Uv‡i ‡hvM ‡`b| 1979 mvj ch©šÍ wZwb gvbvivZ B›Uvib¨vkbvj ¯‹yj GÛ K‡j‡Ri c«wZôvZv
‡m‡µUvwi wnmv‡e wQ‡jb| 1981 mv‡j Rbve ‡gvjøv weL¨vZ ‰`wbK msM«vg cwÎKvi wbe©vnx m¤úv`K wnmv‡e hy³ nb| ZLb ‡_‡KB wZwb
mvsevw`KZvi mv‡_ RwoZ i‡q‡Qb|

Rbve Avãyj Kv‡`i ‡gvjøvi i‡q‡Q msM«vgx ivR‰bwZK K¨vwiqvi| Aóg ‡k«Yx‡Z Aa¨vqbKv‡jB wZwb Kg¨~wbR‡gi c«wZ AvK…ó nb Ges Kg¨~wbó
cvwU©i QvÎ msMVb QvÎBDwbq‡b ‡hvM ‡`b| 1966 mvj ch©šÍ wZwb G msMV‡bi mv‡_ hy³ _v‡Kb| D”Pgva¨wgK cix¶vi c‡i wZwb wesk kZvãxi
weL¨vZ Zvdmxi M«š’ gvIjvbv gI`~`x wjwLZ Zvdnxgyj KyiAv‡bi mv‡_ cwiwPZ nb| AvM«‡ni mv‡_ wZwb G M«š’ co‡Z _v‡Kb|

Zvdnxgyj KyiAv‡bi ü`q¯úk©x ‡Qvuqvq wZwb Bmjv‡gi c«wZ c«ej AvKl©xZ nb Ges 1966 mv‡j ZrKvjxb Bmjvgx QvÎ Av‡›`vjb Bmjvgx
QvÎms‡Ni c~e©cvwK¯Ívb kvLvq ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| 1970 mv‡j wZwb G msMV‡bi m`m¨ nb| cieZ©x‡Z wZwb Bmjvgx QvÎ Av‡›`vj‡bi wewfbœ
ch©v‡qi ¸iæZ¡c~b© `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| Bmjvgx QvÎms‡Ni kwn`yjøvn nj kvLvi mfvcwZ wQ‡jb wZwb| cieZ©x‡Z wZwb QvÎms‡Ni XvKv
wek¦wŸ`¨vjq kvLvi mfvcwZ wbe©vwPZ nb| AZtci Zvi Dci XvKv bMix QvÎms‡Ni ‡m‡µUvixi `vwqZ¡ Awc©Z nq| GKB mv‡_ wZwb ‡K›`«xq
Kvh©Kix cwil‡`i m`m¨ wQ‡jb|

Zvi eb©xj QvÎRxeb ‡k‡l 1977 mv‡ji ‡g gv‡m wZwb e…nËi Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb, Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`‡k ‡hvM ‡`b Ges 1978 mv‡ji
b‡f¤^i gv‡m iæKb kc_ ‡bb| AZtci Zv‡K c«exY el©xqvb ‡bZv Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`‡ki mv‡eK Avgxi Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi
e¨vw³MZ ‡m‡µUvwi wnmv‡e wb‡qvM ‡`qv nq| wZwb RvgvqvZ XvKv gnvbMixi k~iv m`m¨ I Kg©cwil` m`m¨ wbe©vwPZ nb| Aíw`‡bi e¨veav‡b
wZwb Rvgvqv‡Zi ‡K›`«xq gRwjk-G-k~ivi m`m¨ nb| 1982 mv‡j Zv‡K XvKv gnvbMix Rvgvqv‡Zi ‡m‡µUvwii `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv nq| cieZ©x‡Z wZwb
XvKv gnvbMixi bv‡qe-G-Avgx‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|1985 mv‡j Rbve ‡gvjøv Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx XvKv gnvbMixi Avgxi wbe©vwPZ nb Ges
‡Kw›`«q Kg©cwil‡`i m`m¨ nb| 1991 mv‡j Zv‡K ‡K›`«xq c«Pvi m¤úv`‡Ki `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv nq Ges D³ `vwqZ¡ wZwb wbôvi mv‡_ cvjb Ki‡Z
_v‡Kb| 2000 mv‡j Zv‡K Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`‡ki Gwm÷¨v›U ‡m‡µUvwi ‡Rbv‡i‡ji `vwqZ¡ ‡`qv nq| D³ `vwq‡Z¡i cvkvcvwk
AvIqvgxjxM miKvi we‡ivax Av‡›`vj‡b wZwb Pvi `jxq ‡Rv‡Ui wjqv‡Rv KwgwUi ¸iæZ¡c~b© m`m¨ wnmv‡e wb‡qvwRZ wQ‡jb|

Rbve ‡gvjøv‡K wewfbœ ‡gqv‡` Pvi Pvievi ‡R‡j ‡h‡Z nq| AvBqye miKv‡ii wbh©vZ‡bi weiæ‡× Av‡›`vj‡b mwµq f~wgKv cvj‡bi `v‡q 1964
mv‡j c«_gev‡ii gZ wZwb ‡M«ßvi nb| ‡R‡j ‡h‡Z nq| webv D¯‹vbx‡Z 1972 mv‡j wZwb Avevi ‡M«ßvi nb| wKš‘ ¯’vbxq RbZvi we‡¶v‡fi gy‡L
cywjk Zv‡K ¯’vbxq cywjk ‡÷kb Kv‡÷vWx ‡_‡KB ‡Q‡o w`‡Z eva¨ nb| ‡Rbv‡ij Gikv‡`i kvm‡bi weiæ‡× ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvj‡bi Kvi‡b
Avãyj Kv‡`i ‡gvjøv‡K AveviI AvUK K‡i ivLv nq| c‡i D”P Av`vjZ Zvi G AvUKv‡`k‡K Av‰ea ‡NvlYv Ki‡j Pvi gvk c‡i wZwb gy³ nb|
ZË&eveavqK miKv‡ii Av‡›`vjb Kivq ZrKvjxb weGbwc miKvi 1996 mv‡ji ‡deªæqvix gv‡m Zv‡K AvUK K‡i|

Rbve ‡gvjøv GKRb DËg mgvR‡meK| 1982 I 1983 mv‡j wZwb cici `yB eQi XvKv BDwbqb Ae Rvb©vwj÷ (wW BD ‡R) Gi mnmfvcwZ
wbe©vwPZ nb| wZwb mwµqfv‡e wewfbœ wk¶vc«wZôvb Ges mvgvwRK ms¯’vi mv‡_ hy³ | G‡`i g‡a¨ ev`kvn dqmvj BÝwUwUDU, BmjvwgK
dvD‡Ûkb ‡mvmvBwU I Gi ¯‹yj g¨v‡bwRs KwgwU, m`icyi gv`ivmv I GwZgLvbv, dwi`cyi ‡Rjvi nvwRWvw½ Lv‡`gyj Bmjvg gv`ivmv I
GwZgLvbv, mvB‡q¨` Aveyj AvÕjv gI`~`x GKv‡Wgx Ab¨Zg| wZwb Gme gv`ivmv I GwZgLvbvi Dc‡`óvi f~wgKv cvjb K‡i Avm‡Qb| GQvovI
wZwb cici wZb ‡gqv‡`i Rb¨ ev`kvn dqmvj BÝwUwUDU I Gi U«v‡÷i ‡m‡µUvwii `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| gvbvivZ B›Uvib¨vkbvj ¯‹yj I
K‡j‡Ri c«wZôvZv ‡m‡µUvwi wQ‡jb| Rbve ‡gvjøv ‡`k we‡`‡ki mgmvgwqK wel‡qi Dci Kjvg I c«eÜ wj‡L Avm‡Qb| Bmjv‡gi wewfbœ w`‡Ki
Dc‡iv Zvi ‡jLv cvIqv hvq| Zvi mywPwšÍZ Kjvg I c«eÜ wewfbœ mg‡q wewfbœ ‰`wbK, mvßvwnK, gvwmK cwÎKv I g¨vMvwR‡b c«KvwkZ n‡q‡Q|
GQvovI e¯Íyev`, Kg¨~wbR‡gi Dc‡i Zvi ‰eÁvwbK mgv‡jvPbv wkw¶Z gn‡ji Kv‡Q mgv`…Z n‡q‡Q|
Rbve ‡gvjøv B‡Zvg‡a¨B we‡k¦i wewfbœ ‡`k ågb K‡i‡Qb| GiB g‡a¨ wZwb ‡mŠw` Avie, mshy³ Avie AvwgivZ, Rvcvb, wm½vcyi, cvwK¯Ívb I
fvi‡Z mdi K‡i‡Qb|
Rbve ‡gvjøv ‡eMg mv‡bvqvi Rvnv‡bi mv‡_ 1977 mv‡ji 8 A‡±vei Zvwi‡L weevn e܇b Ave× nb| `yB cyÎ I Pvi Kb¨vi mywL msmvi Zv‡`i|
me mšÍvbB wewfbœ c«wZôv‡b cov‡jLv Ki‡Qb| mevB Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ| ‡eMg mv‡bvqvi Rvnvb Rvgvqv‡Zi iæKb |
Rbve ‡gvjøv wbqwgZ KyiAvb co‡Z I KyiAvb ‡ZjvIqvZ ïb‡Z cQ›` Ki‡Zb| wZwb mvsMVwbK e¨v¯Ígq mgq ‡_‡K wZwb wewfbœ weL¨vZ ‡jLK,
Kwe- ‡hgb Avjøvgv BKevj, mvB‡q¨` Aveyj AvÕjv gI`~`x, mvB‡q¨` KyZye, ‡gvnv¤§v` KyZye, RvZxq Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg, diiæL Avn‡g`
mn weL¨vZ ‡jLK‡`i ‡jLv covi Rb¨ wbqwgZ mgq ‡ei K‡ib|
[82]
hy×vciv‡ai wePvi
1971 mv‡j ZrKvjxb c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡b msNwUZ gvbeZv we‡ivax Aciv‡ai `v‡q Awfhy³‡`i wePvi wel‡q 2009 mv‡ji 29‡k Rvbyqvwi RvZxq
msm‡` GKwU cÖ¯Íve cvk nq| msm‡` M…nxZ c«¯Ív‡ei ev¯Íevq‡b miKvi we`¨gvb AvšÍR©vwZK Aciva U«vBe¨ybvjm A¨v±, 1973 Abyhvqx
Awfhy³‡`i Z`šÍ Ges wePv‡ii D‡`¨vM M«nY K‡i Ges miKv‡ii c¶ ‡_‡K G msµvšÍ ‡NvlYvwU Av‡m 2009 mv‡ji 25‡k gvP©|
2010 mv‡j ‡gvjøvi weiæ‡× gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciv‡ai Z`šÍ ïiæ nq Ges 2012 mv‡ji ‡g gv‡m Awf‡hvM MV‡bi gva¨‡g Zvi AvbyôvwbK
wePviKvR ïiæ nq|

hy×vciv‡ai Awf‡hvMmg~n
ivó«c¶ Kv‡`i ‡gvjøvi weiæ‡× hy×vciv‡ai ‡hme Awf‡hvM Av‡bb ‡m¸‡jv n‡jv,
1. 1971 mv‡ji 5 Gwc«j Zvi wb‡`©‡k wgicyi evOjv K‡j‡Ri QvÎ cjøe‡K ¸wj K‡i nZ¨v Kiv nq|
2. 27 gvP© Kv‡`i ‡gvjøv I Zvi mn‡hvMxiv wgicy‡i Kwe ‡g‡niæbwbmv, Zvi gv Ges `yB fvB‡K Zv‡`i wbR evmvq nZ¨v K‡ib|
3. 29 gvP© AvivgevM ‡_‡K mvsevw`K L›`Kvi Avey Zv‡je‡K AcniY K‡i wb‡q hvb Ges cv¤únvDm Rjøv`Lvbvq RevB K‡i nZ¨v K‡ib|
4. 1971 mv‡ji 25 b‡f¤^i Kv‡`i ‡gvjøv ivRvKvi evwnbxi m`m¨‡`i wb‡q ‡KivbxM‡Äi fvIqvj LvbevWo Ges NvUviP‡i kZvwaK M«vgevmx‡K
nZ¨v K‡ib| iv‡q ejv nq, c«wmwKDkb GB Awf‡hvM c«gvb Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb|
5. 1971 mv‡ji 24 Gwc«j cvwK¯Ívwb ‡mbvevwnbxi mv‡_ wgicy‡ii Av‡jvK`x M«v‡g Awfhvb Pvwj‡q 344 R‡bi ‡ewk gvbyl‡K nZ¨v K‡ib|
6. 26 gvP© Kv‡`i ‡gvjøv I Zvi mn‡hvMxiv wgicyi 12 b¤^i ‡mKk‡b nhiZ Avjx j¯‹‡ii evmvq wM‡q j¯‹‡ii ¯¿x, `yB‡g‡q, `yB eQ‡ii GK
‡Q‡j‡K nZ¨v K‡ib Ges Zv‡Z j¯‹‡ii 11 eQ‡ii GK ‡g‡q al©‡Yi wkKvi nb| ‡hLv‡b Kv‡`i ‡gvjøv ‡bZ…Z¡ ‡`b|
7.
Av`vj‡Zi ivq
5 ‡deªæqvwi, 2013 mv‡j AvšÍR©vwZK Aciva U«vBe¨ybvj 1973 Gi 20(3) aviv Abyhvqx c«gvYmv‡c‡¶(Zv‡`i g‡Z) Kv‡`i ‡gvjøv‡K ‡`vlx
mve¨¯Í K‡i I hve¾xeb Kviv`Ð c«`vb K‡i| GKB mv‡_ Zv‡K evowZ 15 eQ‡ii Kviv`‡Ði Av‡`k ‡`b| iv‡q ejv nq, GB 15 eQi wZwb
‡M«dZvi nIqvi ci hLb ‡_‡K ‡R‡j Ae¯’vb
Ki‡Qb ZLb ‡_‡K Kvh©Ki n‡e| cieZ©x‡Z ivó«c¶ m‡eŸ©vP kvw¯Í ‡P‡q I Kv‡`i ‡gvjøv iv‡qi weiæ‡× Avwcj Ki‡j ïbvwb ‡k‡l m‡eŸvP©
Av`vjZ Zv‡K 17 ‡m‡Þ¤^i 2013 mv‡j lô Awf‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ g…Zy¨`‡Ði Av‡`k ‡`b, PZy_© Awf‡hvM c«gvY nIqvq c~‡e©i ivq Lvjv‡mi cwie‡Z©
hve¾xeb Ges evKx Awf‡hv‡M c~‡e©i ivqB envj ivLv nq|
2013 mv‡ji 12 wW‡m¤^i ivZ 10Uv 1 wgwb‡U Zvi duvwm Kvh©Ki nq| Zvi g…Z‡`n Zvi wbR M«vg dwi`cy‡ii Avwgivev‡`i cvwievwiK Kei¯’v‡b
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n‡jI wePviKMb GK‡PvLv bxwZ‡Z iv‡ó«i c¶ Aej¤^b K‡ib| hv AvB‡bi kvm‡bi cwicš’x| Avgiv wek¦vm Kwi wZwb knx` wnmv‡e Rvbœv‡Z
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[89]
RvgvqvZ ‡bZv gynv¤§` Kvgviæ¾vgvb 1952 mv‡ji 4 RyjvB ‡kicyi ‡Rjvi evwRZwLjv BDwbq‡bi gyw`cvov M«v‡g GK ag©cv« Y gymwjg cwiev‡i
Rb¥M«nY K‡ib| Kygix KvwjZjv miKvwi c«v_wgK we`¨vj‡q covïbvi ci ‡kicyi wR‡KGg BÝwUwUDk‡b 6ô ‡k«Yx‡Z wZwb fwZ© nb| wZwb c«_g
‡k«Yx ‡_‡K `kg ‡k«Yx ch©šÍ eiveiB c«_g¯’vb AwaKvi K‡i‡Qb| Aóg ‡k«Yx‡Z wZwb AvevwmK e…wË cvb| 1967 mv‡j wR‡KGg BÝwUwUDkb
‡_‡K 4wU wel‡q ‡jUvimn GmGmwm cix¶vq c«_g wefv‡M DËxY© nb Ges AvevwmK e…wË jvf K‡ib| 1967-69 ‡mk‡b Rvgvjcyi Av‡kK
gvngy` K‡j‡R D”P gva¨wgK ‡k«Yx‡Z Aa¨qb K‡ib| wKš‘ ‡`‡k Ô69 Gi MYAv‡›`vjb ïiæ nIqvq cix¶vq AskM«nY Kiv ‡_‡K weiZ _v‡Kb|
1971 (1972 mv‡j AbywôZ) mv‡j ‡gv‡gbkvnx bvwmivev` K‡jR ‡_‡K GBPGmwm cix¶vq DËxY© nb| 1973 (1974 mv‡j AbywôZ) mv‡j XvKv
AvBwWqvj K‡jR ‡_‡K wWw÷«skbmn weG cvm K‡ib Ges XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q MY‡hvMv‡hvM I mvsevw`KZv wefv‡M gv÷v‡m© fwZ© nb| mwjgyjvø n
gymwjg n‡ji AvevwmK QvÎ wn‡m‡e XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi ‡gave…wË jvf K‡ib| 1976 mv‡j K…wZ‡Z¡i mv‡_ mvsevw`KZvq GgG cvm K‡ib|
wR‡KGg BÝwUwUD‡U beg ‡k«Yxi QvÎ _vKvKvjxb wZwb Bmjvgx QvÎ Av‡›`vj‡b ‡hvM ‡`b| K‡j‡R cv w`‡qB wZwb QvÎ ivRbxwZ‡Z mwµqfv‡e
Rwo‡q c‡ob| 1977 mv‡j evsjv‡`k Bmjvgx QvÎwkwei c«wZwôZ n‡j wZwb c«_g XvKv gnvbMixi mfvcwZ Ges

c‡i ‡m‡µUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij g‡bvbxZ nb| 1978 mv‡ji 19 Gwc«j fvic«vß mfvcwZ Ges GKgvm ciB wbe©vP‡bi gva¨‡g ‡mk‡bi evKx mg‡qi
Rb¨ ‡K›`«xq mfvcwZ wbe©vwPZ nb| 1978-89 mv‡jI wkwe‡ii ‡K›`«xq mfvcwZ wn‡m‡e cyb:wbe©vwPZ nb|
wek¦ gymwjg hye ms¯’v (Iqvgx) Ges evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii hye gš¿Yvj‡qi ‡hŠ_ D‡`¨v‡M 1979 mv‡j ‡gŠPvK ¯‹vDU K¨v‡¤ú AvšÍRv© wZK Bmjvgx hye
m‡¤§jb Av‡qvRb Kiv nq| G‡Z wZwb c«avb msMV‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| GB m‡¤§j‡b MYc«RvZš¿x evsjv‡`‡ki ZrKvjxb ‡c«wm‡W›U wRqvDi
ingvb D‡Øvabx Awa‡ek‡b c«avb AwZw_ wQ‡jb|
QvÎ Rxeb ‡k‡l gynv¤§` Kvgviæ¾vgvb mvsevw`KZv‡KB ‡ckv wn‡m‡e M«nY K‡ib| 1980 mv‡j wZwb evsjv gvwmK ÔXvKv WvB‡R÷Õ cwÎKvi
wbe©vnx m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e KvR ïiæ K‡ib| 1981 mv‡j Zv‡K mvßvwnK Ô‡mvbvi evsjvÕ cwÎKvi m¤úv`‡Ki `vwqZ¡ c«`vb Kiv nq| g…Zy¨i AvM ch©šÍ
gynv¤§` Kvgviæ¾vgvb cwÎKvwUi m¤úv`K wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Qb| wZwb m¤ú~Y© wbR¯^ D‡`¨v‡M KwZcq e¨w³i mn‡hvwMZvq GKwU
e¨wZµgag©x mvßvwnK g¨vMvwRb ÔbZyb cÎÕ c«Kvk K‡ib, Aek¨ G cwÎKvwUi c«Kvkbv eZ©gv‡b eÜ Av‡Q| gynv¤§` Kvgviæ¾vgvb 1983 mvj
‡_‡K 1993 mvj ch©šÍ `k eQi msM«v‡gi wbe©vnx m¤úv`‡Ki `vwqZ¡I cvjb K‡ib| gynv¤§` Kvgviæ¾vgvb RvZxq ‡c«mK¬v‡ei GKRb m`m¨ Ges
XvKv mvsevw`K BDwbq‡bi m`m¨ wQ‡jb| 1985-86 mvj ch©šÍ wZwb ‡dWv‡ij mvsevw`K BDwbq‡bi Kvh©wbe©vnx cwil‡`i wbe©vwPZ m`m¨ wQ‡jb|
‡ckvMZ `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi cvkvcvwk 1979 mv‡j wZwb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx‡Z ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| 1981-82 mv‡j wZwb wKQyw`‡bi Rb¨ XvKv gnvbMix
Rvgvqv‡Zi R‡q›U ‡m‡µUvwi wQ‡jb| 1982 mvj ‡_‡K 1992 mvj ch©šÍ Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`‡ki ‡K›`«xq c«Pvi m¤úv`‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cvjb
K‡ib| 1992 mv‡j Zvu‡K Rvgvqv‡Zi mnKvix ‡m‡µUvwi ‡Rbv‡i‡ji `vwqZ¡ Ac©Y Kiv nq| ivR‰bwZK A½‡b ‡ewk mgq ‡`evi c«‡qvR‡bB
1993 mv‡j wZwb ‰`wbK msM«v‡gi wbe©vnx m¤úv`‡Ki `vwqZ¡ ‡_‡K Ae¨vnwZ ‡bb|
1992 mvj ‡_‡K wZwb Rvgvqv‡Zi wmwbqi mnKvix ‡m‡µUvwi ‡Rbv‡i‡ji `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Qb|
Rvgvqv‡Zi ‡K›`«xq ivR‰bwZK KwgwU I wjqv‡Rvu KwgwUi m`m¨ wnmv‡e weMZ ‰¯^ivPvi Gikv` we‡ivax MYZvwš¿K Av‡›`vj‡b 1983-90 ch©šÍ
wZwb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib|
1993-95 mvj ch©šÍ ZË&eveavqK miKvi c«wZôvi Av‡›`vj‡b Zvui f~wgKv wQj D‡jøL‡hvM¨|

g…Zy¨i AvM ch©šÍ wZwb Rvgvqv‡Zi wbe©vnx KwgwU, ‡K›`«xq gRwj‡m k~iv, ‡K›`«xq Kg©cwil` I wewfbœ KwgwUi m`m¨ Ges AvšÍRv© wZK welqK
‡m‡µUvwi I mvßvwnK ‡mvbvi evsjvi m¤úv`K wnmv‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|
AvwbZ Awf‡hvM:
1. 29‡k Ryb 1971 mv‡j Kvgviæ¾vgv‡bi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Avje`i KZ©…K ew`D¾vgvb‡K nZ¨v Kiv nq|
2. 1971 Gi ‡g gv‡m Kvgviæ¾vgvb I Zvi mn‡hvMx KZ©…K c«fvlK Avãyj nvbœvb‡K wbh©vZb Kiv nq|
3. 25‡k RyjvB 1971 mv‡j Kvgviæ¾vgv‡bi cwiKíbvq ‡kicyi ‡Rjvi bvwjZvevWo Dc‡Rjvi ‡mvnvMcyi M«v‡g Avje`i I ivRvKviiv
cvwK¯Ívwb ‡mbv‡`i wb‡q 120 Rb cyiæl‡K nZ¨v K‡i I bvix‡`i al©Y K‡i|
4. 1971 mv‡ji 23‡k AvMó Kvgviæ¾vgv‡bi wb‡`©‡k Avje`iiv ‡Mvjvg ‡gv¯Ídv‡K nZ¨v K‡i|
5. hy‡×i mgq igRvb gvm PjvKvjxb Kvgviæ¾vgv‡bi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z Avje`iiv ‡kicy‡ii PKevRv‡i AvU Rb‡K nZ¨v K‡i|
6. 1971 Gi b‡f¤\^‡i gqgbwms‡n w``vi I Ab¨vb¨‡`i Dci wbh©vZb cwiPvjbv|
7. Kvgviæ¾vgv‡bi wb‡`©‡k Avje`iiv 27‡k igRv‡b 5 Rb‡K nZ¨v K‡i|
ivq:
9B ‡g 2013, AvšÍR©vwZK Aciva U«vBeybvj Kvgviæ¾vgvb‡K dvuwmi Av‡`k ‡`q| Zvi weiæ‡× AvbxZ 7wU Awf‡hv‡Mi g‡a¨ 5wU m‡›`nvZxZfv‡e
(Zv‡`i g‡Z) c«gvwYZ nq Ges Gi g‡a¨ 2wU ‡Z Zv‡K dvuwmi Av‡`k ‡`qv nq| `Ðv‡`‡ki weiæ‡× I Lvjvm ‡P‡q 2013 mv‡ji 6 Ryb Avwcj
K‡ib Kvgviæ¾vgvb 2014 mv‡ji 5 Ryb ‡_‡K Avwc‡ji ïbvwb ïiæ n‡q ‡kl nq 17 ‡m‡Þ¤\^i| 2014 mv‡ji 3 b‡f¤^i ‡mvnvMcy‡i MYnZ¨vi

[90]
`v‡q mywcÖg †Kv‡U©i Avwcj P~ovšÍ iv‡q Zvui g…Z¨y`Ðv‡`k envj iv‡L| GB iv‡qi weiæ‡× wiwfD Kiv n‡j 6 Gwc«j, 2015 mv‡j c«avb wePvicwZ
my‡i›`« Kygvi wmbnvi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ Avwcj wefv‡Mi Pvi m`‡m¨i c~Y©v½ ‡e Rvgvqv‡Zi mnKvix ‡m‡µUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij ‡gvnv¤§` Kvgviæ¾vgv‡bi
g…Z¨y`‡Ði ivq cybwe©‡ePbvi (wiwfD) Av‡e`b LvwiR K‡i ‡`b|
11 Gwc«j, 2015 mvj kwbevi ivZ 10Uvi wKQy mgq ci XvKv ‡K›`«xq KvivMv‡i gvbeZvwe‡ivax Aciv‡a `Ðc«vß Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi mnKvix
‡m‡µUvwi ‡Rbv‡ij gynv¤§` Kvgviæ¾vgvb ‡K dvuwm‡Z Syjv‡bv nq| G‡Z Zvi 63 eQ‡ii Rxebbvk nq|

mvC` ew`D¾vgvb byimx

Rb¥: 1877 mv‡j Zyi‡¯‹i weZwjm c«‡`‡ki byi‡m Rb¥M«nY K‡ib|
g…Z¨y: 23 gvP 1960 mv‡j| wZwb ew`D¾vgvb bv‡gI cwiwPZ, wQ‡jb GKRb mywbœ gymwjg ag©ZvwË¡K| wZwb wimvjv‡q b~i bvgK KyiAv‡bi e¨vL¨v
iPbv K‡ib| GwUi AvKvi Qq nvRvi c…ôvi AwaK| AvaywbK weÁvb I hyw³‡K fwel¨‡Zi c_ we‡ePbv K‡i wZwb mvaviY we`¨vj‡q ag©xq Ávb I
ag©xq we`¨vj‡q AvaywbK weÁvb wk¶v`v‡bi c¶cvZx wQ‡jb|
byiwm GKwU wek¦vmwfwËK Av‡›`vj‡bi m~ÎcvZ K‡ib| GB Av‡›`vjb Zyi‡¯‹ Bmjv‡gi cybR©vMi‡Y f~wgKv iv‡L| eZ©gv‡b mvivwe‡k¦ Gi e¨vcK
Abymvix i‡q‡Q| Zvi Abymvix‡`i c«vq "byiRy" ev "byi RvgvZ" bv‡g AwewnZ Kiv nq Ges Zv‡K k«×v K‡i D¯Ív` WvKv nq|
c«_g Rxeb:
mvB` byiwm Dmgvbxq mvg«v‡R¨i AšÍM©Z c~e© Avbv‡Zvwjqvi weZwjm wfjv‡qZ c«‡`‡ki byim bvgK Kyw`© M«v‡g Rb¥M«nY K‡ib| Rb¥¯’v‡bi
cwÛZ‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K wZwb Zvi c«v_wgK wk¶vM«nY K‡ib| GLv‡b wZwb ag©xq weZ‡K© cvi`wk©Zv ‡`Lvb| Bmjvgx Áv‡bi ‡¶‡Î `¶Zv AR©‡bi
ci Zv‡K ew`D¾vgvb bvg c«`vb Kiv nq hvi A_© "mg‡qi AwØZxq I me‡P‡q D”P e¨w³"| fvb wfjv‡q‡Zi Mfb©i Zv‡K Zvi evmM…‡n _vKvi
Rb¨ Avgš¿Y Rvbvb| Mfb©‡ii M«š’vMv‡i byiwm ‰eÁvwbK Áv‡bi eB ‡_‡K Ávb AvniY ïiæ K‡ib| GLv‡b wZwb Dmgvbxq ZywK© fvlvq iß K‡ib|
Gmgq wZwb mvg«v‡R¨i c~e©v‡j GKwU wek¦we`¨vjq ¯’vc‡bi cwiKíbv K‡ib| Zvi D‡Ïk¨ wQj hv‡Z ‰eÁvwbK I Bmjvgx wk¶vi gva¨‡g GB
A‡j `vk©wbK wPšÍv AM«mi nq| 1909 mv‡j KwgwU Ae BDwbqb GÛ ‡c«v‡M«‡mi ms¯‹v‡ii weiæ‡× RWoZ _vKvi Awf‡hv‡M Zv‡K wePv‡ii
AvIZvq Avbv nq| wKš‘ c‡i wZwb gyw³ cvb| Dmgvbxq wLjvd‡Zi ‡k‡li w`‡K wZwb GKRb wk¶v ms¯‹viK wn‡m‡e mwµq wQ‡jb Ges
wLjvd‡Zi RbM‡Yi GKZvi Dci ‡Rvi ‡`b| myjZvb Ave`yj nvwg‡`i Kv‡Q wZwb wk¶v ms¯‹v‡ii Av‡e`b Rvbvb| gv`«vmv I AvaywbK weÁv‡bi
mgš^‡q wZwb wek¦vmx wQ‡jb|
c«_g wek¦hy‡× wZwb Dmgvbxq mvg«v‡R¨i we‡kl msMV‡bi m`m¨ wQ‡jb| Zv‡K hy×e›`x wn‡m‡e ivwkqvq wb‡q hvIqv nq| ‡mLv‡b wZwb `yB eQi
Ae¯’vb K‡ib| 1918 mv‡ji em‡šÍ wZwb iæk K¨v¤ú ‡_‡K cvjv‡Z m¶g nb Ges B¯Ívbeyj P‡j Av‡mb| B¯Ívbey‡j Zv‡K Af¨_©bv Rvbv‡bv nq|
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wb‡qvwRZ wQj|
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B¯Ívbeyj wd‡i Avmvi ci wZwb ‡NvlYv K‡ib, "Avwg we‡k¦i Kv‡Q c«gvY K‡i ‡`Lv‡ev ‡h KyiAvb wPišÍb"| Gici wZwb Zvi wimvjv‡q byi M«š’
iPbv K‡ib|

Kg© I Av‡›`vjb:
HwZn¨evnx Kyw`© ‡cvlv‡K mvB` byiwm|
Aviwe‡Z AvRv‡bi c¶vej¤^b I Ab¨vb¨ Kvi‡Y mvB` byiwm‡K BmcviZv c«‡`‡k wbe©vmb ‡`qv nq| GB A‡ji Rbmvavi‡Yi g‡a¨ Zvi wk¶v
Rbwc«q n‡q covq BmcviZvi Mfb©i Zv‡K evijv bvgK M«v‡g cvwV‡q ‡`b| Zvi cvÛywjwc¸‡jv mvf bvgK GKwU M«v‡g cvwV‡q ‡`qv nq|
‡mLvbKvi ‡jv‡Kiv Zv Aviwe ni‡d Kwc K‡i hv 1928 mv‡j miKvwifv‡e ZywK© eY©gvjvi gva¨‡g c«wZ¯’vwcZ n‡qwQj| mgvß nIqvi ci eB¸‡jv
Zyi¯‹Ry‡o byiwmi Abymvix‡`i g‡a¨ cvwV‡q ‡`qv nq| Zvi Kv‡Ri aviv wQj cvðvZ¨KiY I ag©wbi‡c¶Ki‡Yi Rev‡e Bmjvgx DËi Dc¯’vcb
Kiv| Kvgvj AvZvZy‡K©i Zyi‡¯‹i ¶gZv jvf I 1923 mv‡j c«RvZš¿ c«wZôvi ci cvðvZ¨KiY fv‡jvfv‡e MwZjvf K‡i|
kw³kvjx ‡jLbx QvovI Zvi Abym…Z cš’vi Kvi‡YI Zvi Av‡›`vjb `ªæZ mvdj¨ jvf K‡i| wZwb e¯Íyev` I bvw¯ÍKZv‡K weÁvb, hyw³ I mZ¨Zvi
hy‡Mi kÎy we‡ePbv Ki‡Zb Ges G¸‡jvi Drm e¯Íyev`x `k©b‡K `vqx K‡ib| wZwb G¸‡jvi weiæ‡× wimvjv‡q by‡i hyw³ Dc¯’vcb K‡ib| wZwb Zvi
Qv·`i kw³c«‡qvM RvZxq KvR ‡_‡K `~‡i _vK‡Z e‡jb| ag©xq cybR©vMi‡Y f~wgKv ivLvq ag©wbi‡c¶ miKv‡ii Kvi‡Y Zv‡K Zvi Rxe‡bi
AwaKvsk mgq e›`x`kv ev wbe©vm‡b KvUv‡Z nq|

cieZ©x Rxeb:

[91]
Rxe‡bi ‡kl `k‡K mvB` byiwm BmcviZv kn‡i Ae¯’vb K‡ib| eû`jxq e¨e¯’v Pvjy nIqvi ci Av`bvb ‡g‡›`‡i‡mi ‡W‡gv‡µwUK cvwU©‡K ‡fvU
‡`qvi Rb¨ wZwb Zvi Abymvix‡`i Avn&evb Rvbvb| c«vwšÍK I i¶Ykxj Rbmvavi‡Yi g‡a¨ GB `j mg_©b K‡iwQj| mvB` byiwm K‡Vvifv‡e
Kgywb÷ we‡ivax wQ‡jb| wZwb G‡K mg‡qi me‡P‡q eo fqvenZv e‡j D‡jøL K‡i| 1956 mv‡j Zv‡K Zvi ‡jLv c«Kv‡ki AbygwZ ‡`qv nq|
Zvi eB¸‡jv wimvjv‡q byi bv‡g msKwjZ nq|
1960 mv‡j Didv åg‡Yi ci wZwb g…Z¨yeiY K‡ib| ‡mLv‡b Zv‡K `vdb Kiv nq| wKš‘ gymwj‡gi g‡Z ¯’vbwU‡Z Be«vwng (Av) Gi gvRvi
i‡q‡Q| 1960 mv‡ji mvgwiK Af¨yÌv‡bi ci cieZ©x‡Z Pig Wvbcwš’ ivRbxwZwe` Aví Avimvjvb ZyiK‡mi ‡bZ…Z¡vaxb ‰mwbK‡`i GKwU `j
Rbwc«qZv n«v‡mi Rb¨ Kei ‡_‡K Zvi ‡`nve‡kl D‡Ëvjb K‡i BmcviZvi Kv‡Q AÁvZ ¯’v‡b `vdb K‡i| ejv nq ‡h cieZ©x‡Z Zvi mg_©Kiv
K‡qK eQi AbymÜv‡bi ci Zvi Kei Ly‡R cvq Ges Avi ‡Kv‡bv e¨vNvZ bv NUvi Rb¨ ‡`nve‡kl ‡Mvcb ¯’v‡b wb‡q hvIqv nq|

Bgvg Mv¾vjx
GKv`k kZvãx‡Z gvbyl Awk¶v, Kywk¶v, Kydi, wkiK, we`AvZ, Kyms¯‹vi I bvbvwea cvc Kv‡R wjß n‡Z ïiæ K‡iwQj| Aciw`‡K wkw¶Z
hyemgvR, Gwi÷Uj, ‡cø¬‡Uv Ges cvðv‡Z¨i Ab¨vb¨ Agymwjg `vk©wbK‡`i åvšÍ gZev‡` wek¦vmx n‡q Bmjv‡gi mZ¨c_ ‡_‡K `~‡i m‡i hvw”Qj|
ZLb c…w_ex‡Z m‡Z¨i Av‡jvKewZ©Kv n‡q Avwef©~Z nb gyRvwÏ` Bgvg Mv¾vjx| wZwb 1058 mv‡j Biv‡bi ‡Lvivmvb c«‡`‡k Zym bM‡i Rb¥M«nY
K‡ib| Zvi c«K…Z bvg Avey nv‡g` ‡gvnv¤§` Mv¾vjx| Bgvg Mv¾vjxi Ava¨vwZœK Ávb wQj AZ¨šÍ Mfxi| Avjøvni ¯^iƒc I m…wói inm¨ wZwb
AZ¨šÍ wbweofv‡e Dcjw× K‡iwQ‡jb| wZwb mKj c«‡kœi gxgvsmv K‡i‡Qb ‡KviAvb, nv`xm I ZviB wfwˇZ wb‡Ri we‡eK eyw×i mvnv‡h¨| wZwb
Bmjvgx Ávb, wPšÍv-‡PZbv, `k©b I mvwn‡Z¨ Bmjv‡gi c~bR©vMiY NwU‡q‡Qb| c«vq `kwU eQi `i‡e‡ki ‡e‡k wZwb Ny‡i ‡eovb ‡`k ‡_‡K
‡`kvšÍ‡i| wewfbœ wel‡q wZwb c«vq Pvi mnm«vwaK M«š’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb| Zvi AwaKvsk M«š’B ·qv`k I PZy`©k kZvãx‡Z BD‡iv‡c AmvaviY c«fve
we¯Ívi K‡i| wZwb gymwjg we‡k¦ Ôû¾vZyj BmjvgÕ ev ÔBmjv‡gi ÎvYKZ©vÕ wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| wZwb 1111 mv‡j B‡šÍKvj K‡ib|
BDmyd Avj Kvihvfx
BDmyd Avj Kvihvfx GKRb wgkixq cwÛZ| wZwb AvšÍR©vwZK gymwjg cwÛZ cwil‡`i c«avb| wZwb gymwjg e«v`viû‡Wi GKRb eyw×`xß ‡bZv
Ges AbjvB‡b Bmjvgx I‡qemvB‡Ui c«wZôvZv| wZwb me©vwaK cwiwPZ ÔAvjRvwRivÕ ‡Uwjwfk‡b Zvi Rbwc«q ÔAvk kvwiqvn Iqvj nvqvZÕ
Abyôv‡bi Kvi‡Y hv mviv we‡k¦i c«vq 40 wgwjqb ‡jvK ‡`‡L _v‡K| gymwjg e«v`viû‡Wi mv‡_ m¤úK© _vKvi Kvi‡b wZwb wZbevi KviveiY K‡ib
Ges 1970 mv‡j Zvi wgkixq bvMwiKZ¡ evwZj K‡i KvZv‡i wbe©vmb ‡`Iqv nq| cwðgv ‡`k I BmivC‡ji K‡Vvi mgv‡jvPK wn‡m‡e wZwb ‡ek
Rbwc«q| wZwb GKRb wek¦ cwÛZ wn‡m‡e wek¦gq cwiwPZ Ges 11B ‡m‡Þ¤\^i UyBb UvIqvi nvgjvi wb›`vm~PK mgv‡jvPbvi Rb¨ wZwb c«kswmZ
n‡qwQ‡jb| wgm‡i Bmjvgx wecø‡ei ‡cQ‡b Zvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ f~wgKv wQj|
Rqbe Avj Mvhvjx
Rqbe Avj MvRvjx 1917 mv‡ji 2iv Rvbyqvix wgk‡ii gvngyw`qvq Rb¥M«nY K‡ib| ¯‹yj K‡j‡R ‡jLv-covi mv‡_ mv‡_ wZwb ‡g‡q‡`i‡K fvj
c‡_ Pj‡Z Drmvn ‡hvMvb| 18 eQi eq‡mB wZwb Bmjvgx gwnjv ms¯’v MVb K‡ib Ges ms¯’vi mfv‡bÎx wbe©vwPZ nb| ms¯’vwU Zv‡`i wbqwgZ
Kv‡Ri cvkvcvwk GKwU c«wÎKv c«Kvk, GwZgLvbv cwiPvjbv I Mixe cwievi‡K mn‡hvwMZvi gZ Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z _v‡K| 1949 mv‡j
nvmvb Avj evbœvi kvnv`v‡Zi ci Bmjvgx gwnjv ms¯’v‡KI miKvi ‡e-AvBbx ‡NvlYv K‡i| Rqbe miKvix ‡Nvlbv‡K P¨v‡jÄ K‡ib| 1950
mv‡j Av`vjZ ms¯’vi c‡¶ ivq ‡`q| 1964 mv‡j miKvix loh‡š¿i Ask wn‡m‡e
Rqbe‡K cwiKwíZfv‡e nZ¨vi ‡Póv Kiv nq Ges Bmjvgx gwnjv ms¯’v‡K wbwl× Kiv nq| 20 AvMó 1965 mv‡j Rqbe‡K ‡M«dZvi Kiv nq
Ges AK_¨ wbh©vZb Kiv nq| Zv‡K 25 eQ‡ii mk«g Kviv`Û ‡`Iqv nq| Rvgvj Avãyb bv‡m‡ii g…Z¨yi ci 1971 mv‡j Av‡bvqvi mv`v‡Zi
kvmbvg‡j Rqbe gyw³ cvb| 3iv AvM÷ 2005 mv‡j Rqbe Avj Mvhvjx g…Z¨yeiY K‡ib| KvivMv‡i AK_¨ wbh©vZ‡bi Kvwnbx wb‡q ÔKvivMv‡ii
ivZw`bÕ eBwU iPbv K‡ib|

AveŸvm Avjx Lvb

Aveevm Avjx Lvb 1914 mv‡j Rqcyinv‡U Rb¥M«nY K‡ib| 1930 mv‡j wZwb ‡gwU«Ky‡jkb cvm K‡ib| 1935 mv‡j wWwM« cvm K‡ib| AZci
KvigvB‡Kj K‡jR ‡_‡K GgG wWwM« jvf K‡ib| Kg©Rxe‡b wZwb RqcyinvU miKvix ¯‹y‡ji wk¶K wQ‡jb| GQvovI wZwb ‡k‡i evsjv G ‡K
dRjyj n‡Ki e¨w³MZ mwPe wQ‡jb| 1954 mv‡j wZwb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx‡Z ‡hvM`vb K‡ib| 1956 mv‡j Aa¨vcK ‡Mvjvg Avh‡gi nv‡Z

[92]
iæKwbqv‡Zi kc_ jvf K‡ib| 1957 mv‡j ivRkvnx wefvMxq Rvgvqv‡Zi Avgxi nb| msMV‡bi wb‡`©‡k 1957 mv‡j wZwb ¯‹y‡ji c«avb wk¶‡Ki
c` ‡Q‡o ‡`qvi wm×všÍ ‡bb| ¯‹y‡ji wk¶K, wk¶v_©x I AwffveKMY G‡Z LyeB Kó cvb Ges Zvi evmv ‡NivI K‡i Zv‡K wm×vgZ¥ cwieZ©b
Ki‡Z e‡jb wKš‘ wZwb Rvgvqv‡Zi wm×v‡šÍ¥ AUj _v‡Kb| 1962 mv‡j cvwK¯Ívb RvZxq cwil‡`i m`m¨ wbe©vwPZ nb| 1971 mv‡j cvwKmZ¥vb
miKv‡ii wk¶vgš¿x nb| 1979 ‡_‡K 1992 mvj ch©šÍ evsjv‡`k Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi fvic«vß Avgx‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| e¨w³MZfv‡e wZwb
A‡bK mv`vwm‡a I mnR mij Rxebhvcb Ki‡Zb| my›`i e¨env‡ii Kvi‡Y wZwb mevi Kv‡Q AZ¨gZ¥ M«nY‡hvM¨ e¨w³ wQ‡jb| mn‡RB wZwb
gvby‡li gb Rq Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb| wZwb c«vq wbqwgZ Zvnv¾y‡`i mvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Zb| 1999 mv‡ji 3 A‡±vei wZwb B‡gZ¥Kvj K‡ib| wZwb
‡gvU 20 wU eB wj‡L‡Qb Ges 15 wU eB Abyev` K‡i‡Qb| Zvui ‡jLv eB‡qi g‡a¨ D‡jøL‡hvM¨; GKwU Av`k©ev`x `‡ji cZ‡bi KviY I Zv
‡_‡K evuPvi Dcvq, g…Z¨y hewbKvi Icv‡i, Bmjvg I Rvwnwjqv‡Zi wPigZ¥b Øb&Ø, evsjvi gymjgvb‡`i BwZnvm, gvIjvbv gI`~`x (i)|
Abyev`K…Z eB‡qi g‡a¨ c`©v I Bmjvg, Avmvb ‡dKvn, Bmjvg I mvgvwRK mywePvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨|1935 mv‡j wZwb PvKzix MÖnY K‡ib| wKšÍ
bvgv‡h evav †`qvq PvKzix‡Z B¯Ídv †`b| 1936 mv‡j †e½j †m‡µUvix‡q‡U †hvM †`b Ges †k‡i evsjvi †m‡µUvwi nb| †`k wefv‡Mi ci c~e©
cvwK¯Ív‡bi mv‡K©j Awdmvi nb| 1952 mv‡j RqcyinvU ¯‹z‡ji cÖavb wk¶K nb| ivRbxwZ I Av‡›`vjb t
1955 mv‡j wZwb gyËvwdK dig c~iY K‡ib|
1956 mv‡j Rvgvqv‡Zi i Kb nb|
1957 mv‡j ivRkvnx wefvMxq Avgxi nb|
1979 mvj †_‡K g„Zz¨ ch©šÍ wmwbqi bv‡q‡e Avgxi wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|
1979 †_‡K 92 ch©šÍ fvicÖvß Avgx‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|
1962 mv‡j cvwK¯Ívb RvZxq cwil‡`i m`m¨ nb| AvBqye Lv‡bi gymwjg cvwievwiK AvBb evwZ‡ji Rb¨ Av‡›`vjb K‡ib| 1971 mv‡ji gš¿x
cwil‡`i wk¶vgš¿x nb| 1980 mv‡ji 7 wW‡m¤^i Bmjvgx wec‡ei 7 `dv MY`vex †NvlYv K‡ib|
lv‡Ui `k‡Ki cvwK¯Ívb †W‡gv‡µwUK gyf‡g‡›Ui Ab¨Zg †bZv wQ‡jb| MY Av‡›`vjb Kg©m~Px I †Kqvi‡UKvi miKv‡ii Rb¨ Av‡›`vjb K‡ib|
1979 mv‡j **** Gi Avgš¿‡Y gvj‡qwkqv I wm½vcyi hvb|
1984 mv‡j **** Gi AvšÍR©vwZK m‡¤§j‡b Avgwš¿Z n‡q e„‡Ub hvb|

Lyiig Rvn gyiv`

Lyiig Rvn gyiv` GKRb wewkó Bmjvgx wPšÍvwe` I ‡jLK wQ‡jb| ‡ckvq wQ‡jb ¯’cwZ| wZwb 1932 mv‡j BwÛqvi f~cv‡j Rb¥M«nY K‡ib|
wg‡bmUv wek¦we`¨vjq ‡_‡K wmwfj BwÄwbqvwis‡q gv÷vm© wWwM« AR©b K‡ib| 1975-76 mv‡j g°vi nvivg kix‡di m¤ú«mviY Kvh©µ‡g hy³
wQ‡jb Ges Kvev N‡ii c«‡ekØvi¸‡jvi GKwU Zvi bKkv Abymv‡i Kiv nq| wZwb cvwK¯Ív‡b `vIqvZx Kvh©µg ïiæi mgq Gwkqv, BD‡ivc I
Avwd«Kvq Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi c«mv‡i ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi wk¶v wefv‡Mi c«avb wn‡m‡e Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi
hyeK‡`i PwiÎ MV‡b ¸iæZ¡c~b© f~wgKv cvjb K‡ib| ¸iæZ¡c~b© gvwmK ZiRygvbyj KyiAv‡bi m¤úv`K, hy³iv‡R¨i jvB‡m÷v‡i BmjvwgK
dvD‡Ûk‡bi gnvcwiPvjK Ges cvwK¯Ívb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi bv‡q‡e Avgx‡ii gZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| wZwb eû ¸iæZ¡c~Y© eB iPbv I
m¤úv`bv K‡i‡Qb| Zvi wjwLZ eB‡qi g‡a¨ Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi Kg©x‡`i cvi¯úwiK m¤úK©, Bmjvg mnRc_, ‡KviAv‡bi c‡_ Ges Bmjvgx
‡bZ…‡Z¡i ¸Yvejx D‡j¬L‡hvM¨| GQvovI wZwb wkï‡`i Rb¨ 6wUiI ‡ewk eB Ges gynv¤§` (m) Gi Rxebxi Dci GKwU wfwWI m¤úv`bv I
cwiPvjbv K‡ib|
bCg wmwÏKx
bCg wmwÏKx Dcgnv‡`‡ki Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡bi GKRb c«_g mvwii ‡bZv| wesk kZvãxi c«_gv‡a© e…wUk kvwmZ fviZ Dcgnv‡`‡k Bmjvgx ivó«
c«wZôvi A½xKvi wb‡q Avjø¬vgv mvB‡q` Aveyj AvÕjv gI`y`x (i) Gi Avnev‡b me©c«_g gywó‡gq ‡h KqRb gyRvwn` G‡q Av‡mb Zv‡`i g‡a¨ wZwb
Ab¨Zg| gvIjvbv gI`~`xi (i) RxeÏkvq Ges Zvi BwšÍKv‡ji ciI `xN©Kvj wZwb gvwmK ÔÔZiRygvbyj KyiAvbÕÕ cwÎKvwUi m¤úv`bvq wb‡qvwRZ
wQ‡jb| Pwjø¬k `k‡KB bCg wmwÏKxi KweZvq I M‡í aŸwbZ nq mvwn‡Z¨ c«MwZev‡`i bv‡g mvwe©K ‰biv‡R¨i weiæ‡× Bmjv‡gi gvbweK
‰bwZKZvev`| wZwb ÔÔ‡Piv‡M ivnÕÕ bv‡g gvwmK cwÎKvwU m¤úv`bv K‡ib| D`©y KweZvq I K_v mvwn‡Z¨ wZwb Bmjvgx wRnv` I Av‡›`vjbgyLx
Pwi‡Îi GKwU ‡Rvqvi m…wó K‡ib| wZwb GKvav‡i Kwe, Dcb¨vwmK, MíKvi, c«vewÜK I M‡elK| gnvbex (m) Gi mxiv‡Zi Ici ‡jLv Zvi
Ôgynwm‡b BbmvwbqvZÕ ev ÔgvbeZvi eÜyÕ bvgK mxivZ M«š’wU ‡ek Rbwc«qZv jvf K‡i| wZwb wek kZ‡Ki lvU `k‡Ki c«_g w`‡K D`©y‡Z ÔZvÕgx‡i
mxivZ ‡K jvIqvwhgÕ bvgK c«eÜwU jv‡nvi ‡_‡K c«Kvk K‡ib hv evsjv fvlvq ÔPwiÎ MV‡bi ‡gŠwjK Dcv`vbÕ bvgK c«eÜ wn‡m‡e Ab~w`Z I
c«KvwkZ nq|
gvIjvbv Ave`yi inxg

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Bgvg AvqvZzjøvn iæûjøvn †Lv‡gbx

gnvbex nhiZ gynv¤§` (m) Gi wc«q Kb¨v nhiZ dv‡ZgvZyR ‡Rvnivi es‡k Biv‡bi ‡Lv‡gBb kn‡i 1901 mv‡j wZwb Rb¥M«nY K‡ib| wZwb wesk
kZvãx‡Z Bmjvg‡K weRqx kw³ wn‡m‡e ïay wbR ‡`‡k c«wZwôZ K‡ibwb, Bmjv‡gi AvIqvR Zy‡j ‡MvUv wek¦‡K c«Kw¤úZ K‡i‡Qb| Biv‡bi
‰¯^ivPvix kvmK ‡iRv kvn cvnjfx 1964 mv‡j Bgvg ‡Lv‡gbxi Rbwc«qZvq Cl©vwš^Z n‡q Zv‡K c«_‡g Zyi‡®‹, c‡i Biv‡K wbe©vm‡b cvVvq|
1978 mv‡j Bgvg ‡Lv‡gbx c¨vwi‡m hvb Ges ‡mLvb ‡_‡K Biv‡b Bmjvgx wecø¬‡ei cwiKíbv K‡ib| ‡iRv kv‡ni weiæ‡× Ges wecø¬‡ei c‡¶
RbMY‡K DØy× Kivi Rb¨ Bgvg ‡Lv‡gbxi e³e¨ K¨v‡m‡Ui gva¨‡g Biv‡b ‡c«wiZ n‡Z _v‡K hv wecø¬‡ei bwRiwenxb f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| Ae‡k‡l
e¨vcK MY Av‡›`vj‡bi gy‡L Dcvq bv ‡`‡L 1979 mv‡ji 16 Rvbyqvix ‡iRv kvn cvnjfx ‡`k Z¨vM K‡i c«_‡g cvbvgvq c‡i wgk‡i Mgb
K‡ib| 1979 mv‡ji 1jv ‡de&iæqvix Biv‡b Bmjvgx wecø¬‡ei bvqK Bgvg ‡Lv‡gbx weR‡qi ‡e‡k ‡`‡k wd‡i Av‡mb Ges MY‡fv‡Ui gva¨‡g 1jv
Gwc«j Bivb‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e Bmjvgx c«RvZš¿ ‡NvlYv K‡ib| 1989 mv‡ji 3iv Ryb Bgvg ‡Lv‡gbx B‡šÍKvj K‡ib| G hy‡MI ‡h Bmjvgx wecø¬e
m¤¢e, me©‡¶‡Î Bmjv‡gi ev¯Íevqb m¤¢e Zvi weij `…óvšÍ ¯’vcb K‡i ‡M‡Qb Bgvg ‡Lv‡gbx|
Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv
Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv GKRb gyRvwÏ` wQ‡jb| wZwb wnRix 661 m‡b wmwiqvi wnivb kn‡i Rb¥M«nY K‡ib| wZwb ga¨ Gwkqvi g…Zc«vq gymwjg
mgv‡Ri wPšÍvq I K‡g© GK mv_©K wecje m…wó K‡iwQ‡jb| wZwb mvZ eQi eq‡m wk¶vRxeb ïiæ K‡ib Ges Aíw`‡bB KyiAvb, nv`xm, wdKvn,
Dm~j, Aviex fvlv I mvwn‡Z¨ cvwÛZ¨ AR©b K‡ib| KyiAv‡bi Zvdmx‡ii gva¨‡g wZwb mgKvjxb me mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡Zb| wZwb A‰ØZev`
I m‡e©k¦iev‡`i weiæ‡× me©vZœK msM«vg K‡ib| wnRix mßg kZ‡Ki c«_gv‡a© gymjgvb‡`i Ici ZvZvix‡`i Pig hyjyg I wbh©vZb Pj‡Z _v‡K|
cieZ©x‡Z ‡ek wKQy ZvZvix mg«vU Bmjvg M«nY Ki‡jI Zv‡`i gybvwdKx AvPi‡bi Rb¨ Avevi hyjyg I wbh©vZb ïiæ n‡q hvq| Bgvg Be‡b
ZvBwgqv GiKg GKRb ZvZvi mg«vU KvRv‡bi mv‡_ mg‡SvZvi ‡Póv K‡iI e¨_© n‡q c«wZev`x msM«vg M‡o ‡Zv‡jb I weRq wQwb‡q Av‡bb|
wZwb wbR QvÎ I Abymvix‡`i wb‡q kn‡ii me g‡`i ‡`vKvb¸‡jv ‡f‡½ ‡`b I gvZvj‡`i ZIev Kivb Ges Bmjv‡gi weavb Rvwb‡q ‡`b|
GQvovI wZwb kn‡ii meai‡bi wkiK wgwk«Z Abyôvbvw` eÜ K‡ib| Bgvg gvbyl‡K KyiAvb, mybœvn I mvnvev Ges Zv‡eqxM‡Yi Kvh©µ‡gi w`‡K
Avnevb Rvbvb| wgm‡ii ZrKvjxb Kv‡qgx ¯^v_©ev`x mgvR Zvi Kvh©µ‡g Cl©vwš^Z n‡q MfY©‡ii Kv‡Q Awf‡hvM K‡i Zv‡K KvivMv‡i cvVv‡bvi
e¨e¯’v K‡i| 67 ermi eq‡m 728 wnRixi 22 wRjK¡` Zvwi‡L mßg kZ‡Ki ‡k«ô gyRvwÏ` Bgvg Be‡b ZvBwgqv Bn‡jvK Z¨vM K‡ib|

kvn IqvjxDjøvn †`njfx (i)

kvn IqvjxDjøvn ‡`njfx (i) 1114 wnRwi‡Z Rb¥M«nY K‡ib| esk cwiP‡q wZwb wØZxq Lwjdv nhiZ Dgi (iv) Gi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z| Zvi
RxeÏkvq G Dcgnv‡`‡ki Ae¯’v wQj ‡kvPbxq| w`wjøi gymwjg ivRv-ev`kviv Bmjvgx Av`k© c«wZôv ‡Zv `~‡ii K_v eis Bmjv‡gi GK weK…Z iƒc
Dc¯’vcb K‡i| mg«vU AvKei ‡h ‡Kvb g~‡j¨ wn›`y‡`i gb i¶vi c¶cvZx wQ‡jb| wZwb ÔØx‡b BjvnxÕ bv‡g bZyb ag© c«eZ©b K‡ib, Zvi mgq ivbv
Avhvb I Miæ RevB wbwl× K‡i, wn›`y ‡gjv-‡Znv‡ii mgq bvbv Drme cvjb Kiv n‡Zv| GK ‡k«Yxi Av‡jg I cxi AvKei‡K Ôwhjøyjvø nÕ, ÔhyM
BgvgÕ, ÔmKj AvbyM‡Z¨i D‡×©Õ BZ¨vw` Dcvwa ‡`b I m¤§vbm~PK wmR`v Kivi d‡Zvqv ‡`b| AvKe‡ii G me RÄvj gyRvwχ` Avj‡dmvbx
cwi®‹vi Ki‡jI Gi wKQy wKQy i‡q hvq I gymjgvb‡`i ‡fZ‡i wn›`yqvbx ixwZbxwZ msµwgZ nq| wkevRxi ‡bZ…‡Z¡ gvivVv Av‡›`vjb I wkL
Av‡›`vjb gv_vPvov w`‡q I‡V| G mgq kvn IqvjxDjøvn ‡`njfx (i) Bmjvgx Rxeb e¨e¯’vi mwVK I AvaywbK e¨vL¨v Dc¯’vcb K‡ib| wZwb I
Zvi eo ‡Q‡j kvn Avãyj AvRxR ‡`njfx (i) GK wecøex d‡Zvqv c«Pvi K‡i n‡Zv`¨g RvwZ‡K c‡_i mÜvb ‡`b| wZwb BRwZnv` Ki‡Z gymwjg
D¤§vn‡K DrmvwnZ K‡ib| wZwb mywdev‡`i ÎywUi mgv‡jvPbv K‡ib, wk¶vc×wZi mgv‡jvPbv K‡ib Ges kvmK‡`i c«wZ bwmnZ K‡ib| Zvi
wPšÍvaviv I Av‡›`vj‡bi djk&iæwZ‡Z mvB‡q` Avn‡g` ‡ewijfxi Av‡›`vjb, div‡qRx Av‡›`vjb I wZZygxi Gi Av‡›`vjb msMwVZ nq Ges
cieZ©x‡Z cvwK¯Ívb iv‡ó«i m…wó nq|
knx` wZZzgxi
[96]
B÷ BwÛqv ‡Kv¤úvwbi weiæ‡× Av‡›`vjb K‡i whwb me©c«_g knx` nIqvi ‡MŠiegq gh©v`v jvf K‡ib wZwb n‡jb knx` wZZygxi| gymjgvb‡`i
c«wZ ‡`kxq Rwg`vi I bxjKi‡`i AZ¨vPvi ‡kvlY I ag©xq AvNvZ ‡`‡L wZwb msM«vgx Rxe‡b AeZxb© nb Ges ‡Rj Lv‡Ub| gyw³ ‡c‡q wZwb
n¾e«Z cvjb Ki‡Z hvb Ges g°vq wZwb ‰mq` Avng` knx‡`i mvwbœa¨ jvf K‡ib hv Av‡›`vj‡bi g‡bvfve‡K AviI ‡eMevb K‡i| wd‡i G‡m
wZwb me©c«_g gymjgvb‡`i g‡a¨ ag©xq I mgvR ms¯‹vig~jK Kv‡R AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib| G mgq c~wb©qvi Rwg`vi gymjgvb‡`i `vwoi Rb¨ AvovB
UvKv nv‡i Ki Av‡ivc K‡i Ges bv ‡c‡q Zv‡`i evwoNi jyU K‡i I gmwR` cywo‡q ‡`q| ZLb wZZygxi mk¯¿ msM«vg ïiæ K‡ib Ges evivmv‡Zi
hy‡× kÎy evwnbx‡K ‡kvPbxq fv‡e civwRZ K‡ib| wZwb GKwU ¯^vaxb ivó« ‡Nvlbv K‡ib Ges bvi‡Kjevwoqvq evu‡ki ‡Kjøv¬ wbg©vY K‡ib| Zv‡K
`gb Kivi Rb¨ 1831 mv‡j K‡Y©j ÷yqv‡U©i ‡bZ…‡Z¡ c`vwZK, Kvgvb, Ak¦v‡ivnx I e›`yKavix‡`i GK wekvj evwnbx ‡c«ib Kiv nq| 19‡k
b‡f¤\^i GK wekvj hy× nq Ges wZZygxi Zvi 40 Rb mnPimn ‡mw`b kvnv`v‡Zi Agxq myav cvb K‡ib| c«wkw¶Z Ges AvaywbK A‡¯¿ mw¾Z
Bs‡iR evwnbxi weiæ‡× gywó‡gq K‡qK Rb jvwVqvj gyRvwn‡`i GB hy× Amg g‡b n‡jI Zv Bs‡iR‡`i fxZ bwo‡q w`‡qwQj| wZZygxi I Zvi
mnPi‡`i GB Av‡›`vjb I gnvb AvZ¥Z¨vM cieZ©x Kv‡ji Av‡›`vjb Kvix‡`i c_c«`k©K n‡q _vK‡e| Zvi G Av‡›`vjb mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK I
ivR‰bwZK Av‡›`vj‡bi Avov‡j wQj GKwU ag©xq Av‡›`vjb hv Avgv‡`i mvnm ‡hvMvq Ges Abyc«vwYZ K‡i|
‰mq` Avn‡g` †ewijfx
1796 wL«óv‡ãi 29 b‡f¤\^i ‡gvZv‡eK 1201 wnRixi 6B mdi A‡hva¨vi ivq‡e‡ijxi GK ‰mq` cwiev‡i wZwb Rb¥M«nY K‡ib| wZwb nhiZ
Avjx (iv) Gi eskai| 1816 mv‡j Bmjvgx Ávb AR©‡bi Rb¨ wZwb w`jø¬xi weL¨vZ Av‡jg kvn Avãyj AvwRR ‡`njfx mv‡n‡ei Kv‡Q Av‡mb|
1817 mv‡j ‰mq` Avng` kvn Avãyj AvwRR ‡`njfxi nv‡Z evBqvZ M«nY K‡ib| 1222 wnRixi ‡kl A_ev 1223 wnRixi c«_g w`‡K ‰mq`
Avng` w`wjø¬ ‡_‡K ivq‡e‡ijx wd‡i G‡m we‡q K‡ib| 23 A_ev 24 eQi eq‡m ‰mq` Avng` Øx‡bi ‡L`gZ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ bIqve Avgxi Lvb
wcÛvixi ‡mbvevwnbx‡Z Ak¦v‡ivnx wn‡m‡e PvKyix M«nY K‡ib| GLv‡bB wZwb kvixwiK c«wk¶Y I A¯¿ Pvjbvi cvi`k©xZv AR©b K‡ib| ‰mq`
Avng` Avjø¬vni ev›`v‡`i‡K ZvInx‡`i w`‡K Avnevb Rvbvb Ges Zv‡`i Pwi‡Îi ms‡kvab Kivi ‡Póv K‡ib| wZwb ZrKvjxb ivR‰bwZK I
mvgvwRK Ae¯’v fv‡jvfv‡e eyS‡Z ‡c‡iwQ‡jb| ‡h fqven cwiw¯’wZi w`‡K Dcgnv‡`k AM«mi nw”Qj, me©kw³ w`‡q Gi c«wZ‡iva bv Ki‡j G
A‡j BmjvgI _vK‡e bv gymjgvbI _vK‡e bv| 1820 mv‡j ‰mq` Avng` e¨vcKfv‡e `vIqv‡Z Øx‡bi KvR ïiæ K‡ib Ges Kg©x msM«n Ki‡Z
_v‡Kb| 1826 mv‡ji 17B Rvbyqvix ‡mvgevi ‰mq` mv‡ne wnRi‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ iIbv nb| 1814 mvj ‡_‡KB wZwb wkL‡`i weiæ‡× mk¯¿ msM«vg
ïiæ K‡ib| 1826 mv‡j K‡qK nvRvi Cgvb`vi gyRvwn` wb‡q wZwb wkL‡`i AvµgY K‡ib| 1829 mv‡j ‰mq` Avng` c«ej Avµg‡Yi gva¨‡g
wkL‡`i Dci weRq jvf K‡ib| 1244 wnRixi c‡njv k«veY cvÄZv‡i Av‡jg I ¯’vbxq ‡bZ…e…‡›`i GK mfvq Bmjvgx iv‡ó«i ‡MvovcËb K‡ib|
1831 wL«ó«v‡ãi 6B ‡g ‡ivR ïµevi 1246 wnRixi 20 wRjK¡` ‰mq` Avng` ‡ewijfx evjv‡Kv‡Ui c«všÍ‡i wkL‡`i mv‡_ hy‡× kvnv`vZ eiY
K‡ib|

Dgvi Be‡b Avãyj AvRxg (in)

Dgvi Be‡b Avãyj AvRxR (i) DgvBqv es‡ki GKRb Ljxdv wQ‡jb| wZwb 61 wKsev 63 wnRix m‡b wgki A_ev njIqvb bvgK ¯’v‡b Rb¥M«nY
K‡ib| Zvu‡K Bmjv‡gi cÂg Lwjdv ejv nq| wØZxq Lwjdv nhiZ Dgi (iv) m¤ú‡K© Zvi gv‡qi `v`v| wLjvd‡Z iv‡k`vi ci DgvBqv es‡ki
eskvbyµwgK ivRZ¡ c«wZwôZ nq mgM« gymwjg Rvnv‡bi Dci| Dgi Be‡b Avãyj AvRxR‡K (i) c«_‡g myjvBgvb Be‡b Avãyj gvwj‡Ki
g‡bvbqbµ‡g Ljxdv wbhy³ Kiv nq| wKš‘ wZwb e¨w³‡Kw›`«K I µgvbyµwgK ev`kvnx‡K wLjvd‡Z iƒcvšÍi K‡ib| wLjvd‡Z ivwk`vi cybtc«wZôv
wek¦ BwZnv‡m we¯§qKi NUbv I Zvi wecø¬evZ¥K c`‡¶c wQj| g`xbvi kvmbKv‡h© Dgvi Be‡b Avãyj AvRxR (i) mywePvi, b¨vq civqYZv I
RbM‡Yi AwaKvi Av`vq Kivi e¨vcv‡i c«vbcY ‡Póv K‡ib| wZwb g`xbv, g°v, I Zv‡q‡di kvmbKZ©v wn‡m‡e 6 eQi wbhy³ wQ‡jb| Zvnvi
me©vwaK D‡jø¬L¨ ‡MŠieRbK KvR gmwR‡` beexi cyb:wbg©vb, myweb¨¯Í I mymw¾ZKib| wZwb Bmjvgx Rxeb e¨e¯’vi cyb:c«wZôv Kivi Kvi‡b
BwZnv‡m ÔwØZxq DgiÕ n‡Z ‡c‡iwQ‡jb| wZwb ÔgvIqvjxÕ‡`i Ae¯’v Dbœq‡b f~wgKv iv‡Lb| K‡q`x‡`i Kj¨vY I Acivax‡`i c«wZ b¨vqcivqYZv
Zvi kvmbe¨e¯’vi D‡j¬L¨‡hvM¨ ‰ewkó¨| c«wk¶Y I RbKj¨vYg~jK Kv‡RI wQj Zvi Amvgvb¨ Ae`vb| `vwqZ¡ cvjbKv‡j c«_‡g Lwjdv wn‡m‡e
c«vß wRwbm¸‡jv wZwb evqZyjgv‡j wdwi‡q ‡`b| wZwb ‡gvU `yB eQi cvuP gvm ‡Ljvd‡Zi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| Zvi kvmbKv‡j DgvBqv eskxq
kvmK‡`i A‰ea Dcv‡q `LjK…Z mnvq m¤úwË e¨vcKfv‡e ‡K‡o wb‡q c«K…Z gvwjK I RbM‡Yi wbKU wdwi‡q ‡`qv nq| mvavibfv‡e ‡kvlK,
jyÚK, ¯^v_©ciiv em&ËMZfv‡e ¶wZM«¯Í n‡q c‡o Ges Zv‡`i ivRZ‡š¿i Aemvb n‡e ‡f‡e fxZ n‡q c‡o| we‡kl K‡i BqvwR` Be‡b Avãyj
gvwjK G Kvi‡Y AZ¨šÍ fxZ-mš¿¯Í n‡q c‡o| hvi cwi‡c«w¶‡Z ‡m Ljxdvi GKRb Lv‡`‡gi gva¨‡g welcv‡b Dgi Be‡b Avãyj AvRxR (i) ‡K
nZ¨v K‡i|

nvRx kixqZ Djøvn

AvVv‡iv kZ‡K evsjvq ‡h gnvb e¨w³ ag© I mgvR ms¯‹viK wn‡m‡e Avwef©~Z nb wZwb nvRx kixqZ Djø¬vn| 1781 mv‡j kixqZcyi ‡Rjvq
Rb¥M«nY K‡ib| ev‡iv eQi eq‡m wZwb ‡KviAvb, Aviwe I dvm©x wk¶vi D‡Ï‡k¨ KjKvZvq MgY K‡ib Ges 19 eQi eq‡m nR¡ cvjb Ki‡Z
[97]
hvb| ‡mLv‡b wZwb nvbvwd I Kv‡`ixqv mywd ZwiKvi gZev‡` `xw¶Z nb Ges Kvq‡ivi Rvwgqv Avj AvRnv‡i wk¶v jvf K‡ib| wd‡i G‡m wZwb
ag©xq ms¯‹vig~jK Kv‡R AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib| ‡m mgq evsjvi gymwjg mgv‡R wewfbœ Kyms¯‹vi I A‰bmjvwgK c«_v Pvjy wQj| wZwb ‡m¸‡jv mwi‡q
gymjgvb‡`i‡K ag©xq diR ¸‡jv h_vh_fv‡e cvj‡bi c«‡Póv Pvjvb Ges GKwU Av‡›`vjb M‡o ‡Zv‡jb| Zvi GB Av‡›`vjb BwZnv‡m div‡qRx
Av‡›`vjb bv‡g cwiwPZ| GB Av‡›`vj‡bi D‡Ïk¨ wQj gymwjg mgvR‡K AvZ¥‡PZbvq DØy× Kiv, ‰bwZK w`K w`‡q ejxqvb Kiv, ag©xq wk¶v c«`vb
Kiv, KZ©e¨ I AwaKvi m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb Kiv, K…lK c«Rv‡`i‡K miKvi, Rwg`vi, bxjKi‡`i AZ¨vPvi Ges Drcxob ‡_‡K gy³ K‡i Zv‡`i
mvgvwRK I A_©‰bwZK DbœwZ mvab Kiv| G mgq wn›`y Rwg`viMY div‡qRx Av‡›`vj‡bi we‡ivwaZv K‡i Ges gymwjg c«Rv‡`i Dci bvbv iKg
A‰ea Ki Av‡ivc K‡i| Zviv `~M©vc~Rv, Kvwjc~Rv c«f…wZ wn›`y Drm‡ei mgq gymjgvb‡`i KvQ ‡_‡K UvKv Av`vq Ki‡Zv A_P Miæ ‡Kvievbx
Ki‡Z w`Zbv| GiKg bvbv fv‡e wn›`y Rwg`viiv gymjgvb‡`i Dci AZ¨vPvi Ki‡Zv| nvRx kixqZ Djø¬vn wn›`y Rwg`vi‡`i weiæ‡× jvwVqvj
evwnbx MVb K‡ib Ges Av‡›`vjb cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| wZwb 1840 mv‡j g…Z¨y eiY K‡ib| gnvb GB Av‡›`vjbKvixi ag©xq ms¯‹vi g~jK I
mk¯¿ Av‡›`vjb Avgv‡`i‡K Bmjvgx Av‡›`vj‡b DrmvwnZ K‡i|

wewea

iv‡óªi Dcv`vb wK wK ? 2.hvKvZ Av`vq Kiv

4wU| 3.mrKv‡Ri Av‡`k Kiv I
K.wbw`©ó f~LÛ L.RbMb 4.Amr KvR n‡Z weiZ ivLv|
M.miKvi I N.mve©‡fŠgZ Bmjvgx ms¯‹…wZi ˆewkó¨ wK?
RvZxqZvev` I Bmjv‡gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨- 1.ZvInx`
RvZxqZvev` Bmjvg 2.gvbeZvi m¤§vb
1.‡fŠ‡MvwjK 1.wek^Rbxb D`vibxwZ wfwËK 3.wek^e¨vcKZv I me©RbxbZv
mxgv‡iLv,fvlv,eY©,ag©,cÖf…wZ Rxebe¨e¯’v|
`„wófw½i Av‡jv‡K ˆZwi| 4.wek^-fvZ…Z¡
2.cÖwZ‡ekx ivóªmg~‡ni gv‡S 2.cÖwZ‡ekx ivóªmg~‡ni gv‡S 5.wek^ kvwšÍi cÖwZ kÖ×v‡eva
D‡ËRbv ev hy‡×i D¯‹vwb †`q| m¤úªxwZ I mn‡hvMxZvi m¤ú©K
cÖwZôv K‡i|
6.wek^ gvb‡ei HK¨
3.Av`©knxbZv,RvZxq gvbeZv‡K 3.Av`©k I wek^gvbeZv‡K 7.KZ©e¨ I `vwqZ¡vbyf~wZ
D‡cÿv Ges AnsKv‡ii Rb¥ †`q| cÖwZwôZ K‡i| 8.cweÎZv I cwi”QbœZv iÿv|
9.e¨w³ I ¯^vZ‡š¿¨i gh©v`v
MbZš¿ I Bmjvgx MbZ‡š¿i gv‡S cv_©K¨-
MbZš¿ Bmjvgx MbZš¿
10.me©‡ÿ‡Î cig fvimvg¨ iÿv|
1.msL¨vwa‡K¨i wfwˇZ n¨vu/bv 1.KziAvb I mybœvni wfwˇZ
cÖwZwôZ nq| n¨vu/bv cÖwZwôZ nq| Bmjvgx A_©bxwZi ‰ewkó¨t
2.¯^vaxbfv‡e K_v ejvi my‡hvM Kg| 2.my‡hvM †ekx Z‡e wbw`©ó mxgv 1. †ZŠwn` wfwËK wek¦vm
_vK‡e| 2. Avjøvni Øx‡bi cÖwZôv
3.ÿgZvi gvwjK RbMb I AvBbmfv 3.ÿgZvi GK”QÎ gvwjK Avjøvn 3. kixqvn Aby‡gvw`Z e¨w³ ¯^vaxbZv
Zvqvjv Ges gvbyl Zvi cÖwZwbwa|
4.mKj ÿgZvi Drm RbMb| 4. mKj ÿgZvi Drm Avjøvn|
4. cwiwgwZi A_©bxwZ
5. kixqvn ¯^xK…Z gvwjKvbv
6. my¯’wPšÍvi ¯^vaxbZv
Bmjvgx iv‡óªi `vwqZ¡ wK? 7. hvKvZ wfwËK
1.bvgvh Kv‡qg Kiv 8. cy‡ivcywi mvgªvR¨ev` we‡ivax
Bmjvgx A_©bxwZi iƒc‡iLvt
[98]
1. nvjvj Dcv‡q DcvR©b I nvjvj c‡_B e¨q 8. Bmjvgx gxivm ev DËivaxKvix AvB‡bi h_vh_ cÖ‡qvM
2. ab m¤ú‡`i Bbmvd wfwËK e›Ub 9. †gŠwjK Pvwn`v c~ib
3. hvKvZ I Dki e¨e¯’vi ev¯Íevqb 10. `wi`ª †kªbxi Av‡qi wbivcËv I µq ¶gZvi wbðqZv
4. evqZzjgv‡ji cÖwZôv 11. h‡_ô Kg©ms¯’vb
5. Bmjvgx A_©‰bwZK cÖwZôvb ¯’vcb wewfbœ eo gZev`
6. Ki‡h nvmvbv I gy`vwiev‡Zi cÖeZ©b cÖPwjZ MbZš¿ ÎæwUt
7. Bmjvgx f~wg¯^Z¡ e¨e¯’v ev¯Íevqb 1. Bnv AZ¨šÍ `ye©j |
8. DËivaxKvi ev gxivmx AvB‡bi c~Y© ev¯Íevqb 2. `jxq wnsmv-we‡Øl, `jv-`jx, nZ¨v, gyû‡Z©i g‡a¨ bZzb `j
9. e¨emvwqK AmvayZv I me ai‡bi Ryqv D‡”Q` MVb |
10. b¨vq m½Z ivóªxq e¨e¯’v 3. `jxq ‰¯^ivPvi I msL¨vwa‡K¨i Ryjyg |
11. mgvR Kj¨vY I Avw_©K wbivcËvi wbðqZv 4. ¶gZvmxb `j I we‡iv`x `‡ji g‡a¨ wPišÍb Ø›Ø|
wewfbœ A_‰©bwZK e¨e¯’vi ‰ewkó¨t 5. GB e¨e¯’vq cuywRev`x A_©bxwZ gv_vPviv w`‡q D‡V |
cuywRev` RvZxqZvev‡`i ÎæwUt
1. Roev`x `„wófw½ 1. RvZxi Rb¨ †h‡Kvb KvR Kiv hv‡e |
2. ag© wbi‡c¶ ivóª `k©b 2. Av`k©nxbZv|
3. Aeva e¨w³ ¯^vaxbZv 3. RvZx wef³xKiY|
4. Db¥y³ ev Aeva A_©bxwZ 4. wek¦gvbeZv‡K D‡c¶v|
5. e¨w³i wbi¼zm gvwjKvbv 5. AnsKv‡ii Rb¥`vZv|
6. jvMvgnxb wPšÍvi ¯^vaxbZv 6. wek¦iv‡óªi Kíbv K‡i bv|
7. MYZ‡š¿i bv‡g ey‡R©vqv †kªbxi kvmb 7. wnsmv-we‡Øl Qovq|
8. cy‡ivcywi mvgªvR¨ev`x 8. e¨w³ mgm¨vq D`vmxbZv|
mgvRZš¿t ag©wbi‡c¶Zvev‡`i ‰ewkó¨t
1. Øvw›`K e¯‘ev` 1. Avjøvni mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡ Abv¯’v|
2. a‡g©i DrLvZ 2. ag© e¨w³ Rxe‡bB ïay mxgve×|
3. e¨w³ ¯^vaxbZvi D‡”Q` 3. ‰bwZKZv weewR©Z|
4. wbqwš¿Z A_©bxwZ 4. GwU GKwU Kzdwi gZev`|
5. ivóªxq wbi¼zm gvwjKvbv 5. †¯^”QvPvix I ÎæwUc~Y© kvmb|
6. wPšÍvi civaxbZv 6. PwiÎ weaŸsmx Kvh©Kjvc|
7. me©nvivi bv‡g GK`jxq kvmb mgvRZ‡š¿i ‰ewkó¨t
8. ZvwË¡Kfv‡e mvgªvR¨ev` we‡ivax n‡jI ev¯Í‡e mvgªvR¨ev`x 1. bvw¯ÍKZvev` ev ciKv‡j Awek¦vmx|
2. GB gZev` ivóªxq cuywRev‡`i Rb¥ †`q|
3. mve©‡fŠgZ¡ iv‡óªi d‡j ivóª cÖavbiv ‰¯^ivPvix nq|
4. m¤ú‡` e¨w³i †Kvb AwaKvi _vK‡ebv|
Drcv`b, e›Ub I †fvM e¨e¯’v t Bmjvgx A_© e¨e¯’vq hvKvZt hvKv‡Zi ¸iæZ¡t
1. e¨w³, †Mvôx Ges ivóª Avj KziAvb I mybœvn wb‡`©wkZ (evKviv-43, 83, 110, 277; wbmv-77, 162; Avb& b~i-56;
c‡_B m¤ú` DcvR©b I †fvM Ki‡e, mgv‡R Avq-e¨q Avnhve-33; gyhhvw¤§j-20; ZvIev-103; Aviiƒg-39;
wbqwš¿Z n‡e, ‰eaZvi wfwˇZB Dcvq-DcvR©b Ki‡e Ges gwiqg-31, 55; Avw¤^qv-73;) hvKv‡Zi LvZ I nK`vit LvZt
m¤ú‡`i gvwjKvbv I e›Ub wba©vwiZ n‡e| mwÂZ ev RgvK…Z A_©; †mvbv, iƒcv, I †mvbv-iƒcv Øviv ‰Zix
2. Bmjvgx A_©bxwZi g~j eywbqv` ZvInx`, wimvjvZ I AjsKvi; e¨emv‡qi cY¨ mvgMÖx; K…wlR cY¨; LwbR Drcv`b;
AvwLivZ me ai‡bi Mevw` cï| nK`vit
3. †eû`v e¨q I Ace¨q wejvm-e¨mb n‡Z bv †`qv 1. `wi`ª RbmvaviY
4. mr ev ‰eafv‡e A_© DcvR©b I Zv †eû`v e¨q bv Kiv 2. Afvex e¨w³ (wgmwKb)
5. my`‡K wPiZ‡i D‡”Q` Kiv 3. hvKvZ Av`v‡q wbhy³ e¨w³
6. Dki 4. gb Rq Kivi Rb¨
7. hvKvZ Av`vq Ges Zvi h_vh_ e¨envi 5. µxZ`vm ev †Mvjvg gyw³
[99]
6. FYMÖ¯Í e¨w³ 15. my`wfwËK F‡Y ‰Zix cÖwZôvb †Kvb ¶wZi m¤§ywÿb n‡j
7. Avjøvni c‡_ ev Bmjvgx Av‡›`vjb D‡`¨v³v m¤ú~Y© ch©`y¯Í n‡q c‡o d‡j †MvUv KvieviwU eÜ
8. gymvwdi ev aŸsm nq
hvKv‡Zi wbmvet 16. my`wfwËK e¨vswKs I e¨emv evwY‡R¨i Kvi‡Y e¨w³i ev
1. mv‡o mvZ fwi †mvbv, mv‡o evqvbœ †Zvjv iƒcv| DfqB cÖwZôv‡bi †`Dwjqv‡Z¡i †evSv Pv‡c mgMÖ RvwZi Nv‡o
_vK‡j †gvU g~j¨ mv‡o evqvbœ fwi iƒcvi mgvb n‡j evRvi 17. A_©bxwZ‡Z Aw¯’wZkxjZvi Ab¨Zg g~L¨ KviY
g~‡j¨i 1/40 Ask ev 2.5% 18. A_©bxwZi Kj¨vYKi Lv‡Z †emiKvwi wewb‡qvM n«vm cvq |
2. nv‡Z bM` mwÂZ A‡_©i cwigvb mv‡o evqvbœ fwi iƒcvi 19. A_©bxwZ‡Z e¨emvq P‡µi m„wó nq |
mgvb n‡j Zvi Dci 2.5% 20. ab e›U‡bi AmgZvi Kvib I c~Y© Kg©ms¯’‡bi c‡_ weivU
3. e¨emv‡qi gRy` c‡Y¨i g~j¨ mv‡o evqvbœ fwi iƒcvi †ewk cÖwZeÜK|
n‡j 2.5% my` D‡”Q‡`i Dcvqt
4. Miæ I gwn‡li †¶‡Î 1g 30 wUi Rb¨ 1 eQi eqmx 1wU 1. Bmjvgx c×wZi e¨vsK I exgv cÖwZôvb ¯’vcb |
evQzi, (Gi D‡a© nvi wfbœ) 2. Ki‡h nvmvbv I gy`vwievZ e¨e¯’vi cªeZ©b |
5. QvMj I †fovi †¶‡Î 1g 40 Uvi Rb¨ 1wU Ges cieZ©x 3. cvV¨m~Px‡Z Bmjvgx A_©bxwZ Pvjy Kiv |
120 Uvi Rb¨ 2wU QvMj/†fov 4. MYm‡PZbZv m„wó (gmwR‡` LyZev, IqvR gvnwdj,
6. †hme m¤ú` ev mvgMÖxi Dci hvKvZ w`‡Z n‡e bv-wbmve Zvdmxi gvnwdj BZ¨v`x)
A‡c¶v Kg cwigvb A_© m¤ú`, wbmve eQ‡ii g‡a¨B AwR©Z I 5. MY cÖwZ‡iva MVb (my`‡Lvi‡`i mv‡_ m¤úK©‡”Q`,
e¨‡qi m¤ú`, Ni-evwo, `vjvb-†KvVv hv emevm, †`vKvb-cvU my`‡Lvi‡`i RbcÖwZwbwa bv evbv‡bv, my`‡Lvi‡`i
I KjKviLvbvi Rb¨ e¨eüZ n‡”Q, e¨envh© mvgMÖx (Kvco- mvgvwRKfv‡e eqKU, miKvi †hme †¶‡Î kvw¯Í g~jK
†Pvco, Avmeve, ‰ZRlcÎ, eB-cÎ), hš¿cvwZ I mvR e¨e¯’v wn‡m‡e my` cÖ`vb eva¨Zvg~jK K‡i †i‡L‡Q
miÄvg, wk¶vi mg~`q DcKiY, e¨envh© hvbevnb, †cvlv cvwL †m¸‡jv iwnZ Kivi Rb¨ e¨vcK Av‡›`vjb)|
I nuvm-gyiMx, e¨env‡ii cï (†Nvov, Mvav, L”Pi, DU), Bmjvgx A_©bxwZ‡Z miKv‡ii f~wgKvt
IqvK&dK…Z m¤úwË| 1. f~wg msµvšÍ c`‡¶c-Bmjvgx gxivmx AvB‡bi K‡Vvi
my‡`i A_©‰bwZK Kzdjt cÖ‡qvM, IqvK&d m¤úwËi h_v_© e¨envi wbwðZKib, Iki
1. mgvR †kvl‡Yi kw³kvjx gva¨g ev Dcvq weav‡bi ev¯Íevqb|
2. mgv‡R `wi`ª AviI `wi`ª Ges aYx AviI abx nq A_©vr 2. A_© msµvšÍ c`‡¶c-hvKvZ Av`vq I e›Ub, K‡h© nvmvbvi
mvgvwRK †kªYx‰elg¨ AviI †e‡oB P‡j Avgj ( evKviv:245) my`wenxb miKvix FY, my‡`i
3. gvbyl‡K ¯^v_©ci I K…cb K‡i †Zv‡j D‡”Q`, eva¨Zvg~jK mv`vKvn I Hw”QK `v‡bi e¨envi|
4. kªg wegyLZv I AjmZv m„wó K‡i wbeZ©b g~jK c`‡¶c- e¨w³ we‡k‡li Kv‡Ri ¯^vaxbZv Le©,
5. my`wfwËK wewb‡qv‡Mi d‡jB mvgvwRK †kvlY I mvgwóK, e¨emvwqK Kvh©µ‡gi wbqš¿b, †¶‡Î I mgq we‡k‡l g~j¨,
w`N©¯’vqx I e¨vcK nIqvi my‡hvM i‡q‡Q gRyix, LvRbv I gybvdvi nvi wba©viY, mywePvic~Y© Ki Av‡ivc
6. f~wgnxb K…l‡Ki msL¨v µgvMZ e„w× cv‡”Q I Ki duvwK cÖwZ‡iva, µq-weµq I fvovi †¶‡Î mywbw`©ó
7. c‡iv¶ dj wn‡m‡e GK‡PwUqv Kviev‡ii †`ŠiZ¡ e„w× kZ©v‡ivc, m¤ú‡`i m‡e©v”P mxgv wbav©ib, A_©‰bwZK cwiKíbv
cv‡”Q cÖYqb, m¤ú` ev wkí we‡k‡li AvswkK ev c~Y© RvZxqKiY,
8. gywó‡gq †jv‡Ki g‡a¨ cuywR mxgve× _vKvi my‡hvM cvq Avw_©K Rwigvbv Av‡ivc, m¤úwË ev‡Rqvß KiY|
d‡j mvgvwRK kvwšÍ I k„sLjv wewNœZ nq QvÎwkwe‡ii cÖwZôvKvjxb wKQzz Z_¨t
9. `ªe¨g~j¨ µ‡gB e„w× cvq µwgK bvg bvg I mvj
10. gRyix e„w×i Ab¨Zg eo cÖwZeÜK 1. cÖwZôvZv mfvcwZ gxi Kv‡mg Avjx
11. `xN©‡gqv`x I ¯^í jvf RbK †¶‡Î wewb‡qvM‡K
2. cÖwZôvZv †m‡µUvix Wt Avãyj evix
wbiærmvwnZ K‡i d‡j D‡`¨v³v †`Dwjqv n‡Z eva¨ nq
3. cÖ_g ‡K›`ªxq mnmfvcwZ ‡kL Kvgiæj Avjg,
12. mÂq‡K Abyrcv`bkxj wewb‡qv‡M DrmvwnZ K‡i d‡j
4. wkwe‡ii cÖwZôvKvj 6B †deªæqvix 1977
wewb‡qvM Drcv`‡bi cwigvb n«vm cvq
(¯’vbt XvKv
13. ‰e‡`wkK F‡Yi cwigvb evovq
wek¦we`¨vj‡qi †K›`ªxq
14. my‡`i we`¨gvbZvi d‡j Rbmvavi‡Yi µq ¶gZv n«vm
Rv‡g gmwR`)
†c‡Z _v‡K
5. cÖ_g Kg©c×wZ cÖKvk 1977 mvj
[100]
6. cÖ_g msweavb cÖKvk 1977 mv‡j †g gv‡m 3. fviZ- Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx wn›`
7. cÖ_g wi‡cvU© eB cÖKvk 1977 mvj 4. kªxj¼v- Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx kªxj¼v
8. cÖ_g K¨v‡jÛvi cÖKvk 1981 mvj 5. gvjØxc- Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx
9. cÖ_g WvBix cÖKvk 1992 mvj 6. wmwiqv- gymwjg eªv`viûW
10. cÖ_g wK‡kvi KÚ cÖKvk 1984 mvj 7. Zzi¯‹- Rvw÷m GÛ †W‡fjc‡g›U cvwU©
11. cÖ_g wK‡kviKÚ wWwRUvj 2002 mvj 8. wgmi- gymwjg eªv`viûW
nq 9. wZDwbwmqv- Gbœvnv`v
12. cÖ_g ÷z‡W›U wfDR 1977 mvj 10. wdwjw¯Íb- nvgvm
13. cÖ_g Ry‡fbvBj wfDR 2001 mvj we‡k^i Bmjvgx QvÎmsMVb¸‡jvi bvg wjL?
cÖKvk 1. Bangladesh Islami Chhatrashibir
14. cÖ_g I‡qemvBU D‡Øvab 1997 mvj 2. Students Islamic Organization of India.
15. cÖ_g QvÎmsev` cÖKvk 1977 mvj,29‡k 3. Srilanka Muslim Students Federation
A‡±vei 4. Islami Jamiat-E-Talaba,Pakistan
16. cÖ_g m`¨m m‡¤§jb 1977 mvj, 1jv A‡±vei 5. Muslim Youth Movement of
†nv‡Uj Bqv‡g‡b
Malaysia(ABIM)
17. cÖ_g mv_x m‡¤§jb 1992 mvj
6. National Student Union of Kuwait.
18. cÖ_g Kgx© m‡¤§jb 1981 mvj
7. Jordanian Student Union,Jordan.
19. wK‡kviKÚ bvgKib K‡ib Kwe gwZDi ingvb gwjøK
20. wkwe‡ii bvgKiY K‡ib giûg wmwÏK Rvgvj 8. Youth Muslim Association in Europe.
21. wkwei msMxZ iPwqZv ‡gvt †gv‡k©` Avjx 9. Federation of Islamic Student Association in
22. wkwe‡ii g‡bvMÖvg cÖbqY giûg †gvnv¤§` Avjx Europe,Sweden
23. wkwe‡ii cÖ_g knx` : knx` mvweŸi (¯’vbt 10. Federation of Australian Muslim Students
ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi and Youth,USA.
gwZnvi PZ¡i, 1978) Some Abbreviations:
QvÎwkwe‡ii †NvwlZ wewfbœ w`em mg~nt AIDS – Acquired Immune Deficiency
o cÖwZôv evwl©Kx : 6B †deªæqvix Syndrome.
o kvnv`vZ w`em : 11B gvP,© ASEAN – Association of South-East Asian
o †KviAvb w`em : 11B †g, Nations.
o Bmjvgx wk¶v w`em : 15B AvM÷, APEC – Asia Pacific Economic Co-
o e`i w`em : 17B ighvb, Operation
o evjv‡KvU w`em : 6B †g, BBC – British Broadcasting Corporation
o Avïiv w`em : 10B gni&ig, BSF – Border Security Force
o cjvkx w`em : 23B Ryb, CIA – Central Intelligence Agency
o eveix gmwR` w`em : 6B wW‡m¤^i, CNN – Cable News Network
o cëb Uª¨v‡RwW w`emÑ 28‡k A‡±vei| FBI – Federal Bureau of Investigation
evsjv‡`k Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi A½-msMVb¸‡jvi bvg ej| IIFSO – International Islamic Federation of
1| evsjv‡`k Bmjvgx QvÎx-ms¯’v Student Organization.
LTTE – Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam,
2| kªwgK Kj¨vY †dWv‡ikb
NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization
3| j Bqvm© KvDwÝj
OIC– Organization of Islamic Countries.
4| dz‡ji †gjv
OPEC – Organization of Petroleum
5| b¨vkbvj W±im †dvivg
Exporting Countries
6| gwnjv RvgvqvZ
PIN – Personal Identification Number
K‡qKwU †`‡ki Bmjvgx msMV‡bi bvg RAW – Research and Analysis Wing
1. evsjv‡`k- evsjv‡`k Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx
2. cvwK¯’vb- cvwK¯’vb Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx
[101]
 SAARC – South Asian Association for 8. hy‡Mvc‡hvMx †UK‡bvjwRi e¨envi Kiv|
Regional Co-operation 9. Avgj w`‡q `vIqvZ †`Iqv|
SIM – Subscriber Identity Module 10. BLjvm ev GKwbôZvi mv‡_ `vIqvZ cÖ`vb Kiv|
VOA – Voice of America BKvg‡Z Øxb I Zvi kZ©
WAMY – World Assembly of Muslim Youth. BKvg‡Z Øxb t BKvgZ Aviwe kã| Gi A_© n‡”Q Kv‡qg Kiv
evBqv‡Zi `vext ev cÖwZôv Kiv|Avi Øxb k‡ãi A_© n‡”Q Rxebe¨e¯’v| AZGe
1. Øxb n‡”Q Rxe‡bv‡Ïk¨| BKvg‡Z Øxb A_© Rxeb e¨e¯’v‡K cÖwZôv Kiv| gvby‡li
2. `ywbqvi †Kvb ¶wZi c‡ivqv bv K‡i webv wØavq msMV‡bi
e¨w³MZ, cvwievwiK,mvgvwRK I ivwóªq cÖwZwU †ÿ‡Î Ges
AvbyMZ¨ Kiv|
3. `vwqZ¡kx‡ji †Kvb wb‡`©k mwVK bq e‡j g‡b n‡j mswkó Avjøvni Rwg‡b Avjøvni Øxb‡K cÖwZôv Kiv Z_v cÖwZwU †ÿ‡Î
`vwqZ¡kx‡ji mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i wggvsmvq †cŠQ‡Z n‡e| KziAvb I mybœvni AvBb‡K cÖwZôv Kivi bvgB n‡”Q BKvg‡Z
GQvov wb‡`©k cvj‡b Ae‡njv Kiv evBqv‡Zi †Ljvd| Øxb|
4. msMV‡bi wm×všÍ Qvov †Kvb ARynv‡Z wb‡`©k cvjb bv BKvg‡Z Øx‡bi kZ©-
Kiv evBqv‡Zi †Ljvd| G‡¶‡Î msMV‡bi wm×všÍB 1. e¨vw³MZ Rxe‡b Øxb cÖwZôv|
P~ovšÍ| 2. cvwievwiK Rxe‡b Øxb cÖwZôv|
`vIqvZ `vbKvixi ˆewkó¨ wK wK? 3. mvgvwRK Rxe‡b Øxb cÖwZôv|
1. Avjøvni c‡_ Avnevb Rvbv‡eb 4. ivóªxq Rxe‡b Øxb cÖwZôv|
2. Avg‡j mv‡jni AwaKvix n‡eb| DckvLv wKfv‡e MwVZ nq?
3. AZ¨šÍ `„p‡PZv I mvnmx DckvLv MV‡bi Rb¨ hv `iKvi-
4. my›`i e¨envi K. 5Rb Kgx©, 10 Rb mg_©K, 12 Rb eÜz, 5 Rb ïfvKv•Lx
5. Áv‡bi RM‡Z †kÖôZ¡ AR©b L. cvVvMvi- 5wU Zvdnxgyj KziAv‡bi LÛ, 5wU nv`x‡mi eB,
6. AvgvbZ`vixZv
15wU Bmjvgx mvwnZ¨|
7. ¯’vb,Kvj,cvÎ we‡ePbv K‡i e³e¨ †ck
8. KwVbZg kÎæZv weiæ×Zv I gvivZ¥K wec`¾bK M. Bm¨y LvZv, ‡jRvi LvZv, evqZzjgvj LvZv|
cwi‡e‡kI Bmjv‡gi SvÛv wb‡q `Ûvqgvb nevi mr mvnm Av`©k DckvLvi ˆewkó¨ wK?
ivL‡Z n‡e| 1. me©¯Í‡i `vIqvZx KvR
`vqxi ˆewkó¨ wK wK? 2. wbqwgZ KvR¸‡jv myôzfv‡e cvjb
1. wb‡R Kg K_v e‡j A‡b¨i K_v ˆa‡h©i mv‡_ ïb‡eb| 3. cwiKíbv MÖnY I ev¯Íevqb
2. ‰a©h¨kxj 4. cvuP `dv wfwËK KvR
3. mwVK cwiKíbv MÖnb 5. wbqwgZ myax e„w× I evqZzjgvj Avq
4. µgaviv Aej¤^b 6. Rbkw³i gvb MVb
5. ‡`vqv Kiv DckvLv mfvcwZi KvR wK?
6. Avjøvni Dci fimv Kiv 1. cwiKíbv MÖnY
7. AvZ¥ MVb| 2. Kg© e›UY K‡i †`qv
Av`k© `vqxi ˆewkô¨ 3. ZË¡veavb Kiv
1. Avjøvni mv‡_ my`„p m¤úK© _vKv| 4. gvb Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ we‡kl fv‡e KvR Kiv
2. Avjøvni ¯§iY I GKvšÍ fv‡e ZviB w`‡K g‡bvwb‡ek _vKv| 5. Kv‡Ri ch©v‡jvPbv I wi‡cv©U cÖ`vb I
3. Avjøvn‡KB GKgvÎ AwffveK wn‡m‡e MÖnb Kiv|
6. mKj Kv‡Ri mgš^q mvab|
4. we‡ivax kw³i AccªPv‡i ˆah© a‡i Zv‡`i‡K †mŠRb¨ mnKv‡i
cwinvi Kiv| 3:2:1 nv‡i gv‡bœvqb ej‡Z wK eyS?
5. we‡ivax kw³i mv‡_ kÎæZv bv evwo‡q Zv‡`i‡K Avjøvni Kv‡Q GKRb m`m¨ 1 Rb m`m¨+1 Rb mv_x+1 Rb Kgx©
†mvc`© Kiv| GKRb mv_x 1 Rb mv_x+1 Rb Kgx©
6. `wj‡ji wfwˇZ `vIqvZ †`Iqv|
GKRb Kgx© 1 Rb Kgx© e„w×i Rb¨ Zrci n‡eb|
7. Avjøvni c‡_i AvnŸvq‡Ki ü`q n‡e webqx Ges fvlv n‡e
bgª|
[102]
 12:10:5 nv‡i mg_©K e„w× 15 ‡iRvDj Kwig ‡K›`ªxq weZK© I mgvR‡mev m¤úv`K

GKRb m`m¨ 12 Rb mg_©K e„w× Ki‡e 16 Av`bvb ‡K›`ªxq wkïKj¨vY m¤úv`K

17 ivwRdzj nvmvb evàx ‡K›`ªxq wkÿv m¤úv`K
GKRb mv_x 10 Rb mg_©K e„w× Ki‡e 18 gvïK Avn‡g` ‡K›`ªxq gv`ivmv Kvh©µg m¤úv`K
GKRb Kgx© 5 Rb mg_©K e„w× Ki‡e 19 mvjvn DÏxb AvBDex ‡K›`ªxq cÖKvkbv m¤úv`K
20:15:10 nv‡i eÜz e„w× 20 Rvg‡m` ‡K›`ªxq GBPAviwW m¤úv`K
GKRb m`m¨ 20 Rb eÜ e„w× Ki‡e 21 nvmbvBb Avn‡g` ‡K›`ªxq cvVvMvi I dvD‡Ûkb m¤úv`K

22 Ave`ym mvwn` ‡K›`ªxq Z_¨ I M‡elYv m¤úv`K

GKRb mv_x 15 Rb eÜ e„w× Ki‡e 23 Zv‡iK †nv‡mb Central Planning &
Development Secretary
GKRb Kgx© 10 Rb eÜ e„w× Ki‡e 24 Kvgiæj Bmjvg ‡K›`ªxq gvbevwaKvi welqK m¤úv`K
AvDUcyU wfwËK KvR ej‡Z wK eyS? 25 ‡gv: Avãyjøvn dqmvj ‡K›`ªxq QvÎKj¨vY m¤úv`K
o ¯^í I `xN©‡gqv`x cwiKíbvi Av‡jv‡K †m±iwfwËK ‡jvK 26 gvmy` cvi‡fR ‡K›`ªxq Z_¨-cÖhyw³ m¤úv`K
ˆZwi|
wbe©vwPZ Kvh©Kix cwil`: 43 Rb
o G‡ÿ‡Î ¯‹zj,K‡jR,gv`ivmv I wek^we`¨vjq †_‡K †jvK g‡bvwbZ cwil` m`m¨: 5 Rb
ˆZwii Rb¨ we‡kl cÖwµqvi e¨e¯’v Kiv| 01 AvwZKyi ingvb mfvcwZ, XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq
wek¦we`¨vjq kvLvi AvDUcyU wfwËK KvR wK? 02 ‡ZŠwn`yj Bmjvg mfvcwZ, PÆMÖvg gnvbMix DËi
03 Avey bv‡Qi Avãyjøvn mfvcwZ, PÆMÖvg wek¦we`¨vjq
01. 04 ‡g‡n`x nvmvb mfvcwZ, cÖvB‡fU wek¦we`¨vjq
05 bvw`gyj Bmjvg mfvcwZ, ‡K/Rv
02.
03
mfvcwZ‡`i ga¨ †_‡K g‡bvwbZ 2 Rb
04.
01 gvIjvbv iwdKzj Bmjvg Lvb mv‡eK †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ
05. 02 gynv¤§` ‡mwjg DwÏb mv‡eK †K›`ªxq mfvcwZ
06.
07. QvÎwkwe‡ii †gvU m`m¨ kvLv -39wU
QvÎwkwe‡ii ‡gvU †Rjv - 81 wU
eZ©gv‡b †K›`ª wbqwš¿Z mv_x kvLvi msL¨v 9 wU| 2017 QvÎwkwe‡ii †K›`ªxq Kvh©Kvix cwil` m`m¨ †gvU-50 Rb
†mk‡bi †K›`ª wbqwš¿Z mv_x kvLvi ZvwjKv : QvÎwkwe‡ii †K›`ªxq wbe©vwPZ cwil` m`m¨- 43 Rb
1. ey‡qU 2. Wz‡qU QvÎwkwe‡ii †K›`ªxq g‡bvwbZ cwil` m`m-7 Rb
3. †gwW‡Kj †Rvb 4. AvB AvB BD wm mv‡eK‡`i ga¨ †_‡K QvÎwkwe‡ii †K›`ªxq g‡bvwbZ cwil`
5. K·evRvi kni 6. †gŠjfxevRvi kni m`m¨-2 Rb
7. . biwmsw` kni 9. ‡fvjv kni †gwW‡Kj †Rvb m¤^‡Ü wK Rvb?
XvKv gnvbMixi †gwW‡Kj K‡jRmg~n wb‡q MwVZ †K›`ª
‡K›`ªxq †m‡µUvwi‡qU m`m¨ ZvwjKvÑ2017 wbqwš¿Z mv_x kvLvi bvg ‡gwW‡Kj †Rvb|
01 ‡gv: wmivRyj Bmjvg ‡K›`ªxq `ßi m¤úv`K K‡qKwU Zvdmxi MÖ‡š’i bvg wjL?
02 kvn †gv: gvndzRyj nK ‡K›`ªxq mvwnZ¨ m¤úv`K 1. Zvdmxi Be‡b AveŸvm-Avãyjøvn Be‡b AveŸvm(iv)
04 †gv¯ÍvwdRyi ingvb ‡K›`ªxq `vIqvn m¤úv`K 2. Zvdmxi Be‡b Kvmxi-BgvgyÏxb CmgvBj Be‡b Avgi
05 Lv‡j` gvngy` ‡K›`ªxq cÖPvi m¤úv`K
Be‡b Kvmxi(i)
06 nvmvbyj evbœv ‡K›`ªxq A_© m¤úv`K
07 ‡gv: AvjvDwÏb †mv‡nj Central Sports Secretary 3. dvZûj Kv`xi-Bgvg kvIKvbx
08 gwbiæj Bmjvg ‡K›`ªxq wgwWqv m¤úv`K 4. Zvdmx‡i Kvkkvd-Rviæjøvn hvgvLkvix
09 gyÕZvwmg wejøvn ‡K›`ªxq AvšÍR©vwZK m¤úv`K 5. gvdvZxûj MvBe-Bgvg dLiæÏxb ivhx|
10 nv‡dR gy n v¤§` AvwZKz j v
ø n ‡K›`ªxq mvs¯‹…wZK m¤úv`K 6. Zvdmx‡i RvjvjvBb-RvjøvjywÏb gnjøx I RvjvjywÏbmyq~wZ|
11 ‡gv: wiqvR DwÏb ‡K›`ªxq AvBb m¤úv`K
7. Zvdnxgyj KziAvb-mvB‡q¨` Aveyj AvÕjv gI`~`x|
12 ‡gv: iv‡k`yj Bmjvg ‡K›`ªxq weÁvb m¤úv`K
13 gviædzj Bmjvg ‡K›`ªxq K‡jR Kvh©µg m¤úv`K 8. wd whjvwjj KziAvb-mvB‡q¨` KzZze knx`|
14 ‡gv: nviæb Avi ikx` ‡K›`ªxq ¯‹zj Kvh©µg m¤úv`K 9. gvqv‡idzj KyiAvb-gydwZ gynv¤§` kdx |
[103]
wewfbœ cwÎKv I Zvi m¤úv`K‡`i bvg wjL| gwZDi ingvb
The Daily Observer-BKevj †mvenvb †PŠayix G.we.Gg. Avãym mvËvi
The Daily Star-gvndzR Avbvg jwZdzi ingvb
The Daily Independent-gvneyeyj Avjg Avey Zv‡je gÛj
Avãyj jwZd
Youth Wave-Nazmul iwdKzj Bmjvg Lvb
‰`wbK hyMvšÍi-G¨vW mvjgv Bmjvg gwZDi ingvb AvK›`
‰`wbK cÖ_g Av‡jv-gwZDi ingvb byiæj Bmjvg eyjeyj
‰`wbK gvbe Rgxb-gwZDi ingvb †PŠayix Avãyj ReŸvi
‰`wbK hvqhvq w`b-kwdK †ingvb BgvR DwÏb
wK‡kvi KÚ-‡gvkviid †nv‡mb Lvb ‡njvj DwÏb
mvßvwnK †mvbvi evsjv-‡gvt Zvmwbg Avjg gy.kwdKzj Bmjvg gvmy`
Kv‡ji KÉ-Av‡e` Lvb gy.‡iRvDj Kwig
bqvw`MšÍ-AvjgMxi gwnDwÏb gvneyeyj Avjg mv‡jnx
‡`‡jvqvi †nvmvBb
‰`wbK msMÖvg-Aveyj Avmv`
kvgmyj Avjg †Mvjv&c
Avgvi †`k-gvngy`yi ingvb ‡gveviK †nvmvBb
QvÎ msev`-GS of BICS Avkivdzj Avjg Bgb
K‡qKRb mv‡eK ‡K›`ªxq mfvcwZi bvg- iv‡k`yj Bmjvg
1983 Zvmbxg Avjg, bvRgym mv`vZ
Wv. ‰mq` Av. †gv. Zv‡ni 2017 †mk‡bi †gŠwjK `„wófw½ wK wK?
kvgmyj Avjg 1) Øxwb ÁvbvR©b I mevi Rb¨ cÖwkÿY
Wv. Avwgbyj Bmjvg gyKzj 2) R‡b R‡b `vIqvZ
Avey Rvdi gy. Ievq`yjvn 3) QvÎKj¨vY I QvÎAv‡›`v‡jvb
nvwg` †nvmvBb AvRv` 4) AvDUcyUwfwËK cwiKíbv ev¯Íevqb
iwdKzj Bmjvg Lvb 5) Rbkw³i mvnPh© I wbweo ZË¡veavb
gynv¤§` kvnRvnvb 6) ˆah©, Z¨vM-Kzievbx, mvnwmKZv I weP¶YZv|
1999-2000 gwZDi ingvb AvK›` 7) msMVb m¤úªmviY I DckvLv gReywZ Kib
2001 Gnmvbyj gvneye hyev‡qi ‡¯øvMvb wK?
2002-2003 byiyj Bmjvg eyjeyj R‡b R‡b `vIqvZ, msMVb m¤úªmviY, gReywZ AR©b,‡`‡ki
2004 gwReyi ingvb gÄy ¯^vaxbZv mve©‡fŠgZ¡ I Bmjvg iÿvi Av‡›`vjb|
2005-2006 gy. †mwjg DÏxb jÿ¨gvÎ t
1. Øxwb Abyf‚wZ I PvwiwÎK gva~h© w`‡q mg‡qvc‡hvMx cš’vq mKj
2006-2007 gy. kwdKzj Bmjvg gvmy` Rbkw³i Kv‡R AskMÖnY|
2008 gy. Rvwn`yi ingvb 2. cwiKwíZ fv‡e msMVb m¤úªmviY Ges gReywZ AR©b|
gy. †iRvDj Kixg (2009) 3. ZvKIqv AR©b,AvZœMVb,gv‡bvbœqb I gvb msiÿ‡Yi j‡ÿ¨ mKj
Wv.dLiæwÏb gvwbK Rbkw³i mg‡qvc‡hvMx cÖwkÿY ‡cÖvMvg wbwðZ KiY Ges me© ch©v‡q
msMVwbK cwi‡ek msiÿY|
‡`‡jvqvi †nvmvBb 4. Bmjvgx wkÿv e¨e¯’vi e¨vcv‡i Rb gZ ˆZix Ges QvÎ mgv‡Ri cÖK…Z
Avãyj ReŸvi mgm¨vi mgvav‡b AMÖYx f‚wgKv cvjb|
AvwZKzi ingvb 5. GKwU mdj Bmjvgx mgvR wewbg©v‡bi j‡ÿ¨ `xN©‡gqv`x cwiKíbvi
Bqvwmb AvivdvZ(eZ©gvb) Av‡jv‡K Rbkw³i cwiKwíZ K¨vwiqvi MVb Ges cÖ‡qvR‡bi AMÖwaKvi
Gi wfwˇZ gvbe m¤ú` Dbœqb I mgvR Kj¨vb g~jK Kv‡R Ask MÖnY|
ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi K‡qKRb mv‡eK mfvcwZi bvg- ivRkvnx gnvbMixi knx` t
wmwÏK Rvgvj(...1977) 1. knx` mvweŸi Avn‡g`
nvweeyi ingvb 2.knx` Rvnv½xi
kvnRvnvb †PŠayix 3. knx` Avãym kvKzi
iwdKzj Bmjvg 4. knx` Bqvwnqv
wmivRyj Bmjvg
[104]
5. knx` n‡dR iv‡k`yj Bmjvg bv‡q‡e Avgxi 5 Rb
6. knx` nvwdRyi ingvb 1. Aa¨vcK gywReyi ingvb
2. Avjøvgv †`‡jvqvi †nv‡mb mvC`x
ivRkvnx wek^we`¨vj‡qi knx`M‡Yi bvg: 3. gvIjvbv Avãym †mvenvb
1. knx` mvweŸi Avn‡g` 4. wgqv †Mvjvg c‡ivqvi
2. knx` Avãyj nvwg` 5. gvIjvbv kvgmyj Bmjvg
3. knx` AvBqye Avjx mnKvix †m‡µUvix †Rbv‡ij 5 Rb
4. knx` Avãyj ReŸvi 1. G.wU.Gg. AvRnviæj Bmjvg
5. knx` Avmjvg †nv‡mb 2. e¨vwi÷vi Avãyi iv¾vK
6. knx` AvmMi Avjx 3. G wU Gg gvmyg
4. iwdKzj Bmjvg Lvb
7. knx` †gv¯ÍvwdRyi ingvb 5. nvwg`yi ingvb AvRv`
8. knx` Bqvwnqv wewfbœ gnvbMix Rvgvqv‡Zi AvgxiM‡Yi bvg ej|
9. knx` iweDj Bmjvg XvKv gnvbMix iwdKzj Bmjvg Lvb
10. knx` †gv¯ÍvwdRyi ingvb PÆMÖvg gnvbMix gy. kvgmyj Bmjvg Ggwc
wm‡jU gnvbMix Gnmvbyj gvneye †Rvev‡qi
11. knx` BmgvBj †nv‡mb wmivR ivRkvnx gnvbMix cÖ‡dmi W. Aveyj nv‡kg
12. knx` kwdKzj Bmjvg Lyjbv gnvbMix Aveyj Kvjvg AvRv`
13. knx` Lwjjyi ingvb ewikvj gnvbMix G¨vW. †gvqv‡¾g †nv‡mb †njvj
14. knx` mvBdzÏxb iscyi gnvbMix gvneyeyi ingvb †ejvj
Kzwgjøv gnvbMix KvRx Øxb †gvnv¤§`
15.knx` AvwRei ingvb
MvRxcyi gnvbMix Aa¨ÿ mvbvDjøvn
16. knx` kwidz¾vgvb †bvgvbx
17. knx` nvwdRyi ingvb kvwnb ivRkvnx vek¦we`¨vj‡qi Avgxi: cÖ‡dmi W.kwdKyj Bmjvg
18. knx` kvnv`vZ †nv‡mb
19. knx` ivwk`yj Bmjvg iv›Uz mv‡eK †m‡µUvix †Rbv‡ije„‡›`i bvgt
20.knx` kvnveyÏxb 1.W. †gvnv¤§v` Avãyj evix
21.gwn`yj Bmjvg 2. Aveyj nvmvbvZ †gvnv¤§v` Avãyj nvwjg
22. 3.gyÄyiæj Bmjvg f~Bqv
23. 4.Av m g gvgyb kvwnb
5.‡gvnv¤§` bRiæj Bmjvg
evsjv‡`k Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx
6. wkwki †gvnv¤§` gwbi
evsjv‡`k Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi †K›`ªxq `vwqZ¡kxj‡`i bvg ej|
Avgx‡i RvgvqvZ- Aa¨vcK gKeyj Avn‡g` ‡gvU knx` msL¨vÑ Rb
†m‡µUvix †Rbv‡ij- Wv. kwdKzi ingvb ‡kl knx` t

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