GHeranth
20074A240
vEHICLE BoDY ENGINeERING Ass IGMENT-1
I short Answer ystions
1 what is composite ?
Combination of two matelily
A (omposite mateeial is a
tiu shich
diHerent phuysical and chemical prope
with
specalised t do a eutain job, for instane
is Yesistat to electi
ngee, ightee and
to become stro
what is FRp?
materal made
host Fibre.-Reioforced plastic is a ComPositewith fibres
matrix Teioforeed
uf of a polymet
Fibre matecials e :: qlass , Cat ber,epoxy, polyestet
theimase tting plastics atc.
3
List out thmo plastic mateials
it ci) High presue polyethylene
( ) Low preswe polyethylene elastic
(i ) Poly styrene
(iY) Polyamide
) Poly vinyl chloride
what is tacing ca ?
Ang H It is fast ca that is wsed to profes4ional
Vey
auto a cing Auto Yacing is a motorsport iovoluig
the Yaing of automobiles tor Ya e cenpe bitien
5 what is Fotmula 1 car ?
A formula t cal is a siogle seat, open cockpit,
open wheel Yacing coas wi th s ubst anhial frent ard
Teas wings and an eogine postiened behird the daive
interded to be wsed io cernpeition at F1 cal evests
what is the impor tonce of vehicle body design ?
Abo eplao about structutal matevals wed io vehicle
body cens tructen
Lrnportance of vehicle body design!
" Reducien io weight
Better aeodyhamic structuse
AesthetHc (ook
Erqonomnic look.
5trutwal material: Matelols wsed to construct
vehicle chasis,franes and bocy struutie e
Called as stutual matevals
Types of structuel mateeals sed:
steel and it alloys
" Aluminium and its alloys
"Magpesi um and ita alloys
Composite mateeals
"Plashic ard carbon fiber mateials.
2
ciT steel and ita alloy'
Inhesent capabilily to absorb impa enegy in a
tuatien, high strength steel (H ss) is usee in
CTash si
vehicle with nespe ct to ia
it yequired yield strength.
) Alumioium cnd itt alloy
" Aumioium is a C'ght weight metal The bypical allyirg
elemena aie coppel , magnesiun, manqanese ,silcon ete
üi) Magresiun :
" Magnesiem is also a ight weig ht metal. It is
33-/. ighter thas alunioiun and 451. ligther than
Steelimasnesium has louoer tensi le stTergth yfaigu
strength and creep strergth.
Coppes is sed in cars.. It has cesiTable propesties
Such as high electrica conductivi ty, high themal
conduchvi ty , cortosien Tesistance
cv) composite mateials:
Fibre neiofor ced and carbon fibre veiftorced Composite
have high strength (low weigh t Tatio. They axe abo
Stiff , strong and du abe.
what is the necessity of Cormposite mateaial an d
enplain differet ty pes of conoposi te mateials .
4 Ne cessi ty of£ composite mataeial i
i) Goveanmest ules and regulation:
Auto makes aeM focudi'ng to restit emisSion.
Gissiens dine cty proponh'onal to vehiele weight.
5o emiss fens can be educee bu reddudg veicle
we'ght using ight weiglt composite mattial.
i) customes demand:
Autornobile manufactues Satisfy ces tomes
erpectah'en io the name of fuel efiuent
Vekicles which is possibe by wsing composibe
mateval.
- Lightu weig ht
"Fuel efficieny ioceases
composite mat evals are duu able
Types ot comnposite materi als
iEibe reindor ced composites' They ofer a wide
vange of advan tages to automotie indeesbry
It offes Wigh st1ength (low weight vabio.
They ase wsed tn to make stru ctlal an d
on- structut al component such as Seat shuche
bumpes, hoods and fuel taOK s
uD Casbon fibre -reintoYced Also knowo as ibre
qlass ein for ced omposite offer numeto us nes
design po sS; bili hies fot structui al componesta io cals.
.These advanced matecial ore not only 'ght in
weight , but also Shf,strong ad deusable
3 what is daiveis Visibility and eplain it bypu,
fa ctos affecting visibiliby ard inprovenmenta io vistbility
Dri ver 's visibilityi Drive visibíyis the maimum
is tace at ohh the deiver of a vehicle ca se
and ideohity pTominent object around the vehile .
Ty pes of visibility'
.Forwad yisibiliy
" Reatwald visibili by
" Down war d vis ibi ity
ri) Forward visibiityi Forwward visibíuty it is the
occupant and daives sitting pasitie close to
can be cleasly visi ble :
wind scTea0 and object ca
Generally,tis foruw atd vis ibi i by is Consi desably
improved but orn for table enty is ádvesely
afected os dinensio0 betweeo pillar and seat is
de capased ard suiteble shaping is requ'rad in
door opering
5
ii) Rear war d visibility
d visibiliy is visibii by of reae side
Rear wa
obfecli cleatly his is a cheived by inceease
glss alea ad ba ck window with Vertical ngle.
Me thods of impro ving viaibiliy :
of body.
Spale provision -inside ocpan t , dimensions
window opeoing - should not affect stifhes of bod
*
Fitting a backview camera.
Provide fleaible Compaztnment by avoiding foot
Pocketr.
Improvement in vis ibility:
" Using parking sensors
" Un cover the windows
clear windshield
Tlluniraking head lightr
proper adj ustment of rear vies miro rs.
Corme ct seat
seat adjustrnent.
Reductio0 of brigbtness of instrurnent parel.
4 what is ingies and egiess ? erplain with neat
sketch cbout bes body detaib ond itt teeminologies
and typ of bu body based on copacity
The ime taken by a daivet to aot in and out
of vehicle and how co for tably they can perton
the task is impoY tant
USes entering the vehicle is called as ingYess
the vehicle is called as
eriing egies
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Bus boo deta'ls 20
19
o
6
4
Gntiane doo way s kint parel
& Skint panel fYont of NIs wheeD asch.
3 skit panel year of fYon tt Ns whel atch.
H: NIs main side panel bay 1.
5- Ain iltes access
cap
6 Ns main side parel bay a.
4Skit parel
parel
$ spae whee! Qccess flap.
q N/s main Sidle pane! bay
lo. skit panel frent of reae N/s whesl aleh
1)- N/s main side panel bay t.
y.
12- Reas skitt panel
13- N(s main side Parel bay 5
14 pilla cap ping between bay 1 4 dooY
15: Pilla cappig main pillas
l6: Rootf parel bay 1
| Roof ponel bay
13- Roof panel bay 3
1 Valance porel fof spatl wheel access-flayo
do Valane parel
8
Types of buses based on
on capacty:
S·Nd Type of bus Passenget capacty
Mioi bus 15-b
Small coa ches ot long distane |63o
Small bses fof towns upto O
Medium coach fot lorg distane 31- 45
5.
Me dium buses fot touws 4)-6o
6 Large coaches fot lor distone
Large buses for towns 6l-80
$ Laige ariculated bses
What is uiculated bus ? Explaio n detail with
suitable sketch about sequene of bus bocy construchion.
Ariut ated busi It means a vehiclo whih censts z
of two more rigid secions ohich ar ticlate
Telative to each othet
-> The passerger compaztment of each sectien is
ioteecoo nected by an aridate sect'en allowig
free mo vement of passengau beAween tham
These buses ae pptonimatoly 18m long
Sequerce of bus body building opeiation:
chassis preparato
" Side and front framing
* Roof framig cund YoaR end.
Truss Panel iveted
Gereral inspection
Rocf panels
'Pareling and moudtrg
fioal fioish
i) chassis prepatat'orn :
The hen holdirg don
floor frame is placed in posi hior,
ard fiNed oith bolt of) Yivela and al part ace painted.
chassis preparation.
and fTont franing : The bocy si de framing
i) sjdle panes ae bolfed
a0d fpot endis assembledTruss
fo posi A'on, the body lined up with waist rail.
in
side and front froming.
(m) Top Toot fraing and rear en d
The body en ds a0d oo f franíng ae posihened and
fixesl yhe wheels boxes and estrane steps instalao
Roof framing and Yeal apd.
(iv) Truss Danel rivetedi Truss ponels betwe the wast
Yail ard seat oajl over heel asches ale riveted ioto pos ihag
Tyuss Panels riveted.
1)
|5. Generad inspectien i entute a
senetal iaspeclion of fioithed framing to
structuial bold ale bight ard truss panel ae Ti veled
Generad inspecion
6 Roof panels: Roof panels are fixed pd rivefed.
Pareling end euldirg
final finish
12
