COMPUTER NETWORKS

UNIT-1

1.What are the seven layers of OSI model? Comparison between these seven layers.

2. Why do we need layered protocol architecture? Discuss each layer of TCP/IP architecture along
with function of each layer. Compare TCP/IP with OSI model.

3. Explain each layer of TCP/IP model in detail. Compare it with OSI model.

4. Define protocol. Why do we need layered protocol architecture? Discuss each layer of

5. What do you mean by Internet Protocol Stack?

6. What do you mean by Internet Protocol Stack?

7. Explain client server system. How is it different from peer to peer system?

8. Define network topology. Explain various network topologies with merits and demerits?.

9. Explain LAN with example. How is it different from PAN?

10. Define transmission media. Discuss different guided and unguided transmission in detail.

11. What is packet switching? Discuss store-and-forward transmission of packet switching.

12. What is switching? Compare and contrast a circuit-switched network and packet-switched
network.

UNIT-2

1.Define flow control. Explain Go-Back-N ARQ with suitable example. How is it different from Stop-
and-Wait ARQ? What are sliding window protocol? Explain one-bit sliding window protocol with
an appropriate diagram.

2. Explain how does CRC detect the errors with multiple bits? Given message is
M(x)=x7+x4+x3+x2+1 and the generator is G(x)=x3+1. Show the actual bit string transmitted,
suppose the third bit from the left is inverted during the transmission. Show how the error is
detected at the receiver’s end.
3. Discuss error detection and correction scenario. Explain cyclic redundancy check (CRC) error
detection technique with example.

4. Explain Hamming Code?

5. Explain the responsibilities of data link layer in the internet model.

6. Explain how slatted Aloha improves the performance of system over pure Aloha.

7. What do you mean by pipelined reliable data transfer protocol?

8. Explain the point to point to protocol (PPP) with example.

9. Discuss CRC as an error detection mechanism.

10. Explain the point to point protocol (PPP).

11. How does the system correct error after error detection?

12. Write down the technique used in the 802.12 protocol for wireless networks?

13. Differentiate between ATM and frame relay.

14. Why do we need wireless LAN? Explain the architecture of IEEE 802.11 in detail.

15. Define data link layer and its services.

16. What is random access protocol? Discuss ALOHA in detail.

17. Differentiate between Pure ALOHA and slotted ALOHA protocols.

18. How does ATM differ from frame relay? List and briefly define the ATM service classes.

19. Discuss channel partitioning protocol. What is TDMA?

20. Explain the Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)

 UNIT-3

1.What do you mean by routing? Differentiate between Non-adaptive algorithm and adaptive
algorithm.
2.What do you mean by link state routing algorithm? Differentiate between IPv4 and IPv6.

3.Define routing. Discuss distance-vector routing algorithm with example.

4.Assume a class B network. Divide this network in 16 different sub-networks. What is new subnet
mask?

5. Discuss the importance of routing algorithm. Discuss distance vector routing algorithm. Compare
it with link state routing.also discuss count to infinity problem?

6. What is routing? Discuss link state routing algorithm in detail.

7. Explain the purpose of sub netting and also explain the subnet mask.

8. Why do we need routing algorithm? Discuss distance vector routing algorithm in detail.

9. Explain the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)?

10. Define routing table. Differentiate static routing table with dynamic routing table.

11. What do you mean by IP datagram fragmentation?

12. What do you mean by hierarchical routing?

13 Assume a class C network and divide it into eight subnets. What is the value of new subnet mask?

14. Explain network service model.

15. Why routing is important in a computer network? Differentiate between adaptive and non-
adaptive routing algorithms.

16.Assume a class B network and divide it into four subnets. What is the value of new subnet mask?
17. What is sub netting? Assume a class C network and divide it into four subnets. What is the value
of new subnet mask?

18.What is static routing? How is it different from dynamic routing?

19. Explain IPV4 addressing.

20. Explain the multicasting routine and its applications.

21.What is IP? Discuss different classes of IPv4 address.

22. What do you mean by network address translator?

23.What is NAT? How does it work? What are its benefits?

24. Explain the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP).

25. Compare and contrast the IPv4 and IPv6 header files. Do they have any fields common?
26.What is routing table? Differentiate static routing table with dynamic routine table.(2+3)

27. In a block of address, we know the IP Address of one host is 192.34.12.56/28. What are the first
address(network address) and the last address (limited broadcast address) in this block?

28. Write short notes on:

a. Multicasting routing
b. Point-to-point protocol

29. Write short notes on:

a. IPv6

b. Network management

b. IPv4

30. What is virtual circuit network? How is it different from datagram network?
31 . Differentiate between broadband and base band services.

UNIT-4

1.Discuss the relationship between transport layer and network layer. Discuss TCP as a transport
layer protocol along with its segment structure.
2.What do you mean by TCP? Explain the TCP structure?

3.What are the main relationship between transport layer and network layer? What are the transport
layer uses in internet?
4.How does transport layer support flow control? Discuss TCP as a transport layer protocol along
with its segment structure.

5. Explain the congestion control principle and its approaches.

6. Define multiplexing. What are the benefits of using multiplexing? Discuss Go-Back-N and
Selective Repeat protocol in detail.

7. Explain the congestion control algorithm with example.

8. Explain the connection oriented and connectionless service.

9. What is connection oriented service? Differentiate it with connectionless service.

10. Explain connectionless service. How is it different from connection oriented service?

11. What do you mean by TCP push operation?

12. How does multiplexing increases transmission efficiency? Explain.

13. Differentiate between transport layer and network layer

14. Discuss the importance of multiplexing in data communication.

15. Explain the principle of congestion control.

16. Explain the pipelined reliable data transfer protocol.

17. Why do we need multiplexing in data communication? Discuss.

18. What is connectionless transport? Differentiate TCP with UDP.

19. What are the causes of congestion? Discuss leaky bucket algorithm.

20. Discuss different fields of UDP. How is it different from TCP?

21. How can we use token-bucket algorithm to control congestion? Discuss.

22. Define multiplexing. Discuss the need for multiplexing in network system.

23. Discuss the importance of congestion control in data communication.

UNIT-5

1.Explain the principles of application layer protocols. What do you mean by file transfer?
2. Define DNS. Explain the DNS records and DNS messages.

3. Discuss HTTP in detail.

4. What is FTP? Differentiate it with HTTP.

5. What is a digital signature?
6. Discuss the TCP connections needed in FTP.
7. Discuss the basic model of FTP.
8. Explain SMTP?
9. Explain MIME? How does MIME enhance SMTP?
10. Why is an application such as POP needed for electronic messaging?
11. Define WWW ?