GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE,

DAHOD
A project Report on
PARKING PROBLEMS ON ROAD SIDE
Civil Department

Academic Year-2024

SR no. Name Enrollment No.

1. TEJAS BASANT DAMOR 230183106009
2. NINAMA KHUSHI 230183106015
HEMANTKUMAR
3. UNSHIKA PATALE 230183106027
4. SOLANKI JIGNESH PRAKASH 230183106026
5. PARMAR TUSHAR 230183106020
MAHESHBHAI
Prepared by:

A.R. DARJI Dr. Paresha Bariya

Guide Head of department

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I express my deep sense of gratitude to my college, Government Engineering

College, Dahod & Gujarat Technological University for giving me a great
opportunity to carry out this dissertation.

I would like to thank our Head of Department Civil Engineering, P. M. Baria for
allowing me to take up this project & for his precious help & guidance which
always motivate me with technical guidance throughout this semester period.

I humbly express thanks to my respected guide of A.R. DARJI. Department of

Civil Engineering, Gujarat Technological University for his valuable time and
continuous help given to me. I am grateful to him for his prolonged interest in my
work and excellent guidance. He has been a constant source of motivation for me.
By his uncompromising demand for quality and his insistence for meeting the
deadlines, I could do such an excellent work. He has shown me a way to pursue
excellence. His tactics of what to learn and how to learn have helped me stepping
into professional world as well as to be a better person. Also I would like to thank
all other respected faculties of Department of Civil Engineering for their
unmatchable help.

Most importantly, I would like to thank my Parents, for everything that they have
done for me throughout my life and the joy they have brought to me for just having
their support. Much of my success has been because of their love &
encouragement.
 ABSTRACT
Car parking has become a significant issue in urban areas globally, affecting both
developed and developing nations. The rapid increase in car ownership has led
many cities to face a shortage of parking spaces, resulting from an imbalance
between parking demand and supply. This imbalance can largely be attributed to
inefficient land use planning and poor estimation of space requirements in the early
planning stages. As a result, common problems like limited parking availability,
high parking fees, and traffic congestion caused by drivers searching for parking
spots are prevalent. This paper explores the root causes of parking issues and
evaluates traditional approaches that have proven ineffective. With advancements
in modern technology, various innovative solutions have emerged that can help
address these challenges. Furthermore, since parking solutions aim to support
broader community goals, the paper also considers the environmental impacts of
these proposed solutions, emphasizing the need for sustainable urban
transportation systems that improve city livability and efficiency.
 Introduction:
One of the problems created by road traffic is parking. Not only do
vehicles require street space to move about, but abo do they require
space to park where the occupants can be loaded an unloaded. The
period over which a car is parked is very great compared with the time it
is in motion. The size of average parking space is 14 m². It is roughly
estimated that out of 8760 hours in a year, the car runs on an average for
only 400 hours, leaving 8360 hours when it is parked. Every car owner
would wish to park the car as closely as possible to his destination so as
to minimize his walking. This results in a great demand for parking
space in the CBD and other areas where the activities are concentrated.
Wah the growing population of motor vehicles, the problem of parking
has assumed serious proportions.
Parking control has become the chief means available to cities all over
the world to limit congestion. It is the enforcement of laws and
regulations. Illegally parked cars are seen almost everywhere. Traffic
congestion is like a malignant disease and due to lack of car parking
facilities in the center of cities, land values tend to fall. The ideal
solution would be to rebuild our cities to the requirements of the motor
car age. Such proposals may be included in a long term plan. But motor
vehicles must be accommodated urgently otherwise the consequences
may be very serious resulting in the loss of business and property values.
The provision and citing of car parks should be related to the future
traffic flow of the roads that will be carrying traffic to the city or town.
The wise sitting of car parks can make it possible to increase the number
of cars that can be parked in a city center, without causing congestion.
When considering the adaptation of city centers to accommodate the
motor car, the pedestrians must also be considered. While cars are
permitted to circulate our city centers, there must be some regulation
control which will give the maximum use of the space available. This
will be to the advantage of everyone concerned. Adequate planned and
organize car parking is essential to the life of our cities. The local
authorities must be strong minded on this subject. Car parks are not
likely to make big profits as a business house. But adequate car parking
is a necessary part of development in a city center and without a trade
cannot prosper.
One of the problems created by road traffic is parking. Not only do
vehicles require street space to move about, but also do they require
space to park where the occupants can be loaded and unloaded. A
systematic study of the parking characteristics and demand and
regulatory measures that are possible for controlling parking is of great
help to a traffic engineer as well as town planner.

LITERATURE REVIEW
General
For the parking problem related study, there is number of researches
on this topic. It is a major problem of parking in all cities of India.
Due to this problem many accidents occurs daily. People’s are not
showing their responsibility and parked their vehicles on road side. In
this matter co-operation are equally responsible. The various reasons
are found to be for the parking problem on road side. Are no use of
proper guidance, no use of available space and irresponsible
behavior. Many research papers have been carried out their research
about parking problem. The scope of the review is to get idea about
studies carried out by several researches. So in this literature review
various research papers are studied and give the summary of each of
the research papers. Some of these studies are referred and discussed
in this chapter.
Literature Review
Amol Pomaji & Suraj Boniwad et al (2019) gave a smart parking
management system (SPMS) is used to book parking slots without
any great effort by the user using an android device, the user can
check the status of parking area and book the parking slot in advance.
This will result in overcoming many problems which are being
created due to the bad management of the traffic. Mobile computing
has proven as the best area of work for researchers in the areas of
database and data management so this application is applied in
android mobile ios. This application is utilized by can be applied
nook and corner due to its easy usage effectiveness.
Ahmed Shah & Dev Shah et al analyzes parking problems and
discussed in this paper. The various types of parking systems in
which some are automated whereas others are manual. The
advantage and limitations of the different types of parking systems
were also discussed. The selection of the parking system depends on
the cost of the system, the maintenance cost, and the area available
for implementing the system. In this paper, the concept of smart
parking was also discussed. Which uses sensors and IOT to detect
whether there is a free parking space available or not. The various
types of sensors, their applications, advantages and limitation were
also discussed. The selection criteria mainly depend on where the
sensor is to be placed and the current infrastructural condition.
Miss Mahk Dawra & Mr. Sahil (2018) studied various report and
mainly focusing on distributing the parking spaces which are
concentrated in major attraction points which cannot be done in
seclusion. This can only be achieved by promoting mixed land use,
using non-motorized transport and other options. Accumulation of
parking spaces over a small area creates such chaos which on public
domain portrays it self as a problem to which parking restriction
seems to be a solution. Parking spaces should spread throughout the
city in such a way that the minimum requirement of individual is
fulfilled. Several areas should not be clustered of these spaces there
should be availability of space for other activities. The preference
should be given to the pedestrians mainly in the major location. If
proper distribution of parking spaces is done along with the proper
implementation of the parking policies for the management of
parking spaces the increasing problem of parking can be solves.
There is a need to provide major concern to the increasing problems
faced by the Indian cities due to parking by taking several
interventions and applying them.
Manjiri Phadnis studied about parking guiding solutions is to search
for the ideal tactic to save some parking house to get obtaining the
lowest travel moment, also to use up gas in cities. The pioneer an
individual is true the queuing type in the parking habit evaluates the
cars turning up affair along with journeying occurrence and makes
use of the forestalling charge to search for the success/failure like
hood involving parking. For the downtown parking problem need a
lot of shortcomings in practice. The platforms working with the
queuing in the parking habit will not be realistic in addition to very
affordable merely. All over again to obtain the planned arrival rates
they have to depend upon traffic detectors program which happens to
be not absolutely for every city and intricate or simple wi-fi sensor
techniques.

OBJECTIVE
 The aim of implementing parking management system is to reduce
time and increase efficiency of the current parking management system.
In overpopulated cosmopolitan zones, parking strategies must be well
implemented foe management of vehicles.

TYPES OF PARKING
1) On street parking :

 30°parking
 45°parking
 60°parking
 90°parking

2) Off street parking :

 Multistoried parking
 Roof parking
 Mechanical parking
 Underground parking

BENEFITS OF PARKING SYSTEM

 Optimized parking
 Reduced traffic
 Reduced pollution
 Enhanced user experience
 Increased safety and security
 Decreased management costs
  Decreased rate of accidents
 Easy implementation and management

SCOPE

The system provides details of the vacant parking slots in the

vicinity and reduces the traffic issues due to illegal parking in the
vicinity. It is designed with an objective to meet the requirements
of controlled parking that offers effortless parking tactics to the
authorities.

AEIOU Frame Work

 Activity:

 There are many people to whom we saw about doing activities.

 Driver were parking cars and vehicles.
 Labors were working on road side on road construction work.
 Student going for tuition.
 Visitors taking visit on historical places

 Environment:
 Second Part of the Framework is Environment Framework; in this
Framework we had kept our observation towards atmosphere. It
was day or night. In this Framework too we have listed Elements,
features. I.e. eco-friendly, waste reduction, reduction of air
pollution, etc.

 Interaction:

This is Third part of Framework. In this framework we had

observed that what kinds of interaction were there between the
user and the different object.

 Object:

This is fourth and second last part of the AEIOU framework. This
framework relates with the different kind of objects which we had
seen at the survey spot. We have also listed the Key objects.

 Users:

This is last Part of AEIOU Framework, in this framework we have

listed the general impression, pasted the scene of the survey spot
or location where no of users is located.

Environment
 Noise
 Hot Weather
 Clouds
 Pollution
 Dust

Interactions
 Man women issue
 Traffic police & vehicle drivers
 People issue
 Security & Student
 Watchmen & Visitors
 Bike Owner & Bike Lifter Owner

Objects
 Driving
 Vehicles
 CCTV camera
 Divider
 Posters
 Dustbin
 Digital boards

Users
 Visitors
 Transporter
 Salesman
 Tour Travelers
 Labor
 Student

 MIND MAPPING CANVAS

 EMPATHY MAPPING CANVAS
Empathy Canvas consists User, Stakeholders, activities, Happy story, Sad
story

User:
 1. Sweeper
2. Staff member
3. Students
4. Education
5. Watchman
Stake Holders:
1. Environment Engineer
2. Government organizer
3. Non-Government Organizer
4. College campus
5. Public
Activities:
1. Water butt
2. Indirect Gravity
3. Gravity
4. Direct Pumped
5. Collection of precipitation
6. Distribution system
7. Filtration system

Story Boarding:
HAPPY STORIES: -
 At the outside of hospital, parking area is full and one person was
waiting for place to park his bike since last 15 minutes and the
time of his appointment is already done, and he is still waiting for
parking place. At a time, another gentle person helps him to put his
bike by putting all bikes properly in a raw.
 Once at a park one boy park his vehicle in a raw and other vehicle
were not parked in raw and, other vehicles were parked at side of
road. When that boy comes back after visiting the park. He saw
that R.T.O persons lifted other vehicles which is not parked
properly or which is on road side but luckily that boy’s bike saved,
because he parked it in a right way.

SAD STORIES:
 Once on railway station one girl park her scooter for 10 minutes
and when she back there is no scooter because she parked her
scooter in no parking zone.
 Once a person parks his car on road side and within a minute the
road is full of traffic because he is not parked his car on right
place, sometimes it causes to accidents.
 IDEATION CANVAS

1) People:

 Labor
 Student
 Driver
 Visitors
 Salesman
 2) Activities:

 Driver were parking cars and vehicles.

 Labors were working on road side on road construction work.
 Student going for tuition.
 Visitors taking visit on historical places

3) Situation/Context/Location:

 Hotel stops
 Showroom
 School
 Cinema
 Office
 Temple
 Road
 Hospital
 Railway station
 Airport
 Bus station

4) Props:

 30° parking
 45° parking
 60° parking
 90° parking
  PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT CANVAS

1. Purpose:

 Easy to park
 High-capacity parking vehicles
 Safety of vehicles Low cost

2. People:
 Worker
 Visitor
 Common people
3. Product Experience:

 Better & safe

 comfortable.

4. Product Features:

 Good security
 High capacity for parking
 Automatic parking Store water

5. Components:

 Speed breaker
 Cctv camera
 Solar light poles
 Dustbin
 Check post

6. Reject, Redesign, Retain.

• high cost
•
 CONCLUSION

Our focus should be the solution of parking problem, strong

economy and healthy environment of the city. In Kota, special
authority called as Traffic and Transportation authority is
required at city level Kota. There are lots of solutions, some are
short term and some are long term basis but we need to work on
the basis of long-term plan and at the same time take care of
discomforts or problems. We need the authority that can book
after the construction and development of roads, flyovers,
intersections, pedestrian facilities etc. The authority should make
master plans for inner, middle and outer roads which will help us
in reducing the traffic congestion and accidents in the central
areas. Promoting the use of bicycles in the city, we can
comfortably use the bicycle in travelling. So, this mode needs to
be promoted in the city among the coaching students. We need to
improve our road maps, zebra crossings, Parking lots, directions,
road markings etc.
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