Abstract

This project provides an effective solution for viewing different information of the students in a
school. This system provides a platform that is easily accessible and very simple to use. This
system is useful for teachers to view their students’ data and the students can view their own
data. Users can choose what information they want to access. The application is user friendly and
interactive. To overcome the drawbacks of the previous methods of physical and paper based, we
introduce a project to view information such as attendance, assignments, result, exam routine,
notice and more. This system is useful for students to keep up with their assignments and submit
leave applications. User must login with their username and password.

[Keywords: School App, Viewing information of students, Easy to use]

i
 Acknowledgement

We would like to express our gratitude and appreciation to all those who gave us the
possibility to complete this project. First of all, we would like to express a deeply thank to
Bivash Sir and faculties teacher of College of Information Technology and Engineering for
their demonstration of guidance, giving useful advice, conceptualize the project which
enabled me to have clear understanding of our project. I also wish to extend my sincere and
heartfelt gratitude to my classmates and friends who helped in various ways for the
successful completion of this project proposal. We are thankful to our parents, our source of
inspiration, for their continuous love, encouragement, and support.

Finally, we would like to appreciate all those who have contributed their innovative ideas and
their valuable time without which it would have been a difficult task for us to frame a project
in a time bound framework.

ii
Table of Contents

Abstract...........................................................................................................................................i
Acknowledgement..........................................................................................................................ii
List of figures..................................................................................................................................v
List of Tables.................................................................................................................................vi
Chapter 1 introduction..................................................................................................................1
1.1 Problem statement..................................................................................................................2
1.2 Goals and Objectives..............................................................................................................3
1.3 Scope......................................................................................................................................4
1.4 Motivation..............................................................................................................................6
1.5 Application.............................................................................................................................7
1.6 Feasablity Study.....................................................................................................................7
Chapter 2 Litreature Review........................................................................................................9
2.1 Study On Existing systems.....................................................................................................9
2.1.1 Study of Asia pacific university of information and technology for bus tracking....................................10
2.1.2 Study of bus pass of Asia Pacific University of information technology....................................................11
Chapter 3 System Design............................................................................................................13
3.1 Activity Diagram...................................................................................................................14
3.2 Interface Design....................................................................................................................15
3.3 Custom Map.........................................................................................................................16
3.4 Overview of real time location of driver with database.......................................................18
3.5 overview of an bus pass system with database.....................................................................19
3.6 Data dictionary.....................................................................................................................20
Chapter 4 System Requirement..................................................................................................22
4.1 Hardware Requirements.......................................................................................................22
4.2 Software Requirement..........................................................................................................22
4.3 Functional Requirement.......................................................................................................22
3.4 Non Functional Requirement...............................................................................................23
Chapter 5 Implimentaton and discussion.................................................................................24
Chapter 6 System Testing...........................................................................................................26
6.1 Unit Testing..........................................................................................................................26
Chapter 7 Analysis and Evaluation............................................................................................29
Chapter 8 Conclusions................................................................................................................30

iii
9 References..................................................................................................................................31
Appendix.......................................................................................................................................32

iv
 List of figures
Figure 3.(a): Block diagram of bus pass with gps tracking..........................................................13
Figure 3.1 : Bus pass with gps tracking system Activity diaram................................................14
Figure.3.2.1: Interface design of system(layout)..........................................................................16
Figure 5.1: Network Architecture of System................................................................................25

v
 List of Tables

Table 3.5.1: Bus enitity............................................................................................................20

Table 3.5.2: Bus driver enitity.................................................................................................20
Table 3.5.3: Student enitity......................................................................................................21
Table 6.1: Bus positioning module..........................................................................................26
Table 6.2: Real time bus aarival module..................................................................................28

vi
 Chapter 1 introduction

The older system of physical data creates a lot of hassle to record as well as retrieve the data.
Teachers must go through a lot of records to get a student’s information. The students too do
not get to keep track of their basic information of school activities such as attendance, fees
and results.

Our proposed system is a Mobile School App. The system provides more managed and easy
viewing of all the students’ data. This will make the data retrieving process smooth and user
friendly. The system consists of software components enabling access to different
information such as attendance, assignment, result, exam routine, notice and event, leave
application, timetable, gallery, fees due, etc. The user has to login into the app and the app
directs to the home page. Then the user is allowed to access the above-listed information. The
user can also be able to change password. Students will be able to ask any doubts to a certain
teacher to help them.

1
 1.1 Problem statement

Traditional methods of communication in schools, such as paper notices and emails, are often ineffective
in reaching all students in a timely manner. Additionally, students, parents, teachers, and administrators
face difficulties in accessing essential resources, such as academic materials, event schedules, and fees to
be paid, leading to frustration and missed opportunities for involvement. There is a pressing need for a
solution that enhances communication and accessibility to information and promotes engagement among
all members of the school community.

If a teacher wanted to look at a student’s results or attendance, he/she would have to take out the physical
record amongst other students’ records. This takes time and effort.

Additionally, a student would not have the record of his/her attendance, results and assignments and they
also could not ask their queries to their teachers without physical presence of both student and teacher.

This problem statement highlights the challenges faced by the school community in communication and
access to information, laying the base for the development of a school mobile app as a potential solution
to address these issues.

2
 1.2 Goals and Objectives

 Improved Communication: Enhance communication between students, teachers, and

administrators by providing a centralized platform for all the necessary data.

 Increased Engagement: Promote active participation and involvement in school activities, events,
and academic pursuits among students.

 Enhanced Access to Information: Provide easy access to important information such as exam
routine, attendance, result and timetables.

 Support for Learning Outside the Classroom: Facilitate learning beyond the classroom by
offering access to questioning the teachers.

 Parental Involvement: Foster stronger partnerships between parents and the school by providing
opportunities for parents to stay informed about their child's academic progress and participate in
school events and initiatives.

By aligning the objectives of the app with the specific needs and priorities of the school community, the
app can serve as a valuable tool for enhancing communication, and engagement, ultimately contributing to
a more vibrant and supportive educational environment.

3
 1.3 Scope

Target Users:

 Students
 Parents/Guardians
 Teachers
 Administrators

Key Features and Functionalities:

 Secure login/authentication for different user roles.

 Academic resources, including class schedules, assignments, exam routines and results.
 Attendance tracking.
 Accepts queries and leave applications for easy communication.

Platform and Compatibility:

Initially developed for iOS and Android mobile devices.

Responsive design for compatibility across various screen sizes and resolutions.

4
1.4 Application

The proposed system is to encourage student and teacher involvement in the class activities.
This system will help teachers, students as well as the administration to access from
anywhere the basic information that was initially recorded physically. It allows everyone to
easily view and retrieve the data needed.

 Communication: The app serves as a central hub for communication between

students and the school. It allows timely distribution of announcements and notices
and efficient communication of important information such as school updates, event
reminders, and assignments.

 Access to Information: The app provides easy access to a variety of important

information and resources, including class schedules, academic materials,
assignments, etc. This helps students, parents and teachers stay organized and
informed about various aspects of school life.

 Attendance Tracking: The app simplifies attendance tracking for teachers and
administrators, allowing them to record and monitor student attendance more
efficiently. Parents can also view their child's attendance records enabling them to
stay informed about their child's attendance status.

 Parental Engagement: The app facilitates parental engagement by providing parents

with insights into their child's academic progress, attendance, and school activities.
Parents can track their child's performance, and participate in school events and
initiatives, fostering stronger partnerships between home and school.

5
1.5 Feasablity Study

From all the study done regarding the feasibility of the proposed system, it can be said that
the system is moderately feasible. Feasibility study on the project can be categorized in the
following.

1.6.1 Technical Feasibility:

The proposed system is technically moderately feasible. The proposed system during
data collection for training and test purposes requires use of database servers, Android
platform,google map .The system provides bus pass information of student.It provides the
details of driver within the route and bus number.

1.6.2 Operational Feasibility:

Operational Feasibility aspects of the project are to be taken as an important part of the
project implementation. Therefore, the proposed system is moderately feasible from
operational point of view.This system is futher modified with the new features and
technology which be implemented in future as GPS tracking for every local and private bus
services and transpotation.

6
1.6.3 Economic Feasibility:

This study is carried out to maintain a secure and time saving environment and further it can
may be used as an business purpose. This system is futher modified with the new features
and technology which be implemented in future as GPS tracking for every local and private
bus services and transpotation.It be an successful business platform in future if everything
should be implemented in large scale of customer and service provider.

7
 Chapter 2 Litreature Review

In our country most of the schools, do not have any app or online system for recording and
viewing the data as necessary.

There is a University in foreign county successfully implemented real time bus tracking
system. In Texus University in Columbia implemented real time tracking system for shuttle
bus service[1].

To understand more about current bus tracking system technology. Study also performed on
and many research were made. It provided an application called Intelligence Route
Information System (iris NextBus) for bus users to find out estimated bus arrival time. Iris
NextBus also available in mobile application and study is emphasized on it mobile
application[2].

To undersstand, more about the bus pass system ,we analyse the existing system of college
bus pass which had implemented the Bus pass by means of QR.The Nexus University of
Germany have implemented the system[3].

2.1 Study On Existing systems

There are existing bus tracking systems implemented by the Asia pacific university of
information and technology.

8
2.1.1 Study of Asia pacific university of information and technology for
bus tracking

Figure 2.1.1: APU bus tracking system.

The bus tracking system show in Figure 2.1 is developed by Asia Pacific University of
information technology. It is built in a web page with Google Map embedded. The web page
allows APU students to check on bus traffic status anytime in anywhere as long as use a
device with browser and Internet accessibility.

There are bus icons allocated inside the map and those icons indicated that a particular bus
real time position. The bus plate number is linked with every bus icon in the map. It is to
ensure that student take the right bus with bus plate number verification when the bus is
reach a bus
9
stop because different bus will move to different route. Next, there is a bus timetable in right
hand side of the web page. Show student about the bus arrival time in each bus stop. The
most important feature is the web page will automatically refresh every 5 second.

However, this system still got limitations. The timetable provided in this system is still the
scheduled time of departure for each bus stop. This system still unable to provide the exactly
arrival time for each buses based on the exactly position of bus. But at least students can
confirm that a bus is approaching to a bus stop based on the movement of a bus icon in the
map.

This web page only shows the most important destination bus stop of a bus route but do not
show the whole bus route to student. Student might not know others bus stop is on which bus
route. Moreover, beside those main destination bus stop. Many others small bus stopdoes not
show in the map. If the student does not know how to refer on map, the student will not know
where is the bus stop allocated in map and which bus should take. If there is bus stop icon in
the map, this problem will solved.

The APU bus tracking system will be the design fundamental for proposed system. Since
APU bus tracking system operating in same environment (University bus service), the design
of system will be suitable to build for proposed system in this project[4].

2.1.2 Study of bus pass of Asia Pacific University of information technology

This system is useful for users to get their bus pass online instead of standing in long queues
to obtain their bus passes. User can refill their account and extend the validity of card when
the pass is going to expire. This system provides functionality like accessing basic
information of user for authentication. This system provides security option for user. The
conductor inbus would be able to verify the pass by scanning the QR code provided on the
pass with a recommended device. The notification generated by the system would be send to
the user in form of message such as when where and what time the card was use[5].

10
Fig.2.1.2 Apu bus pass system

11
 Chapter 3 System Design

A system design is conceptual model that define structure, behaviour and more view of the
system.It is a formal description and representation of system,organised in a way support
resoning about the structure and system architecture can comprise the system component,the
extermelly visible of those component,the relationship between them.It provide a platform
that will work together to implement whole system.

Bus conductor devices Users login

Location with route Available buses route

Available bus Select route & Request

Location to users

Check the bus pass to an

conductor by scaning by an QR

No
Database
reject
yes

Entry

Fig 3(a) Block diagram of bus pass with gps tracking

12
In the above figure the block diagram of bus pass with GPS tracking system is shown.In this
system first of all the bus conductor and user are must be connected in one server to get the
information of location of bus as well as user’s location to the bus conductor.Register users
login their Id to get the avaliabe buses on their route which are connected with the GPS
system. Users select their route and request for the available bus .Avaliable bus provide their
location to the users. When the bus is arrived to users then users shows their card to the
reader which is already connected with the database and matched with users id .If users id
matched with the existing database then only users are allowed to enter in the bus otherwise
they will not be able to enter in the bus.

3.1 Activity Diagram

Fig3.1.:.Bus pass with Gps tracking system Activity diagram

13
An Activity diagram shows the flow from activity to activity. An activity is an ongoing non-
atomic execution within a state machine. An activity results in some action results in a
change of state or return of a value. Action encompasses calling operation, sending a signal,
creating or destroying objects, or a pure computation such as evaluating some expression.
Activity state is non atomic,decomposable and take some duration to execute. Transition is a
path from one stage to another as directed as an simple directed line. Branching arises which
is represented by opendiamond. It has one incoming transition, two or more outgoing
transitions. All groups are portioned byvertical solid lines. Each swim lane specifies Locus of
activities and has a uniquename. Each swim lane is implemented by one or more classes.
transition between objects across swim lanes.

3.2 Interface Design

The interface design of bus information web pages must be as simple as possible so that bus
users able to get information easily. The interface design must be consistency so that bus
users able to remember where are the position of important information is and no need to
relearn how to use the system every time they login.

The first part on left hand side would be the map. The map image is fixed as background
image on the map container when user loads this web page on he/she browser. This is
because the width and height of the map must be fixed for bus position plotting module.
Secondly, the map will not refresh until the user refresh the browser.

The second part would be the bus timetable. First of all at top of the right hand side container
will be the logo image, following by title and current time. Next would be the choices of
different bus indicated by radio button. The last part would be the bus detail information and
timetable container and this container will change according to the radio button selection.

14
 Fig. 3.2.1 Interface design of system(Layout)

3.3 Custom Map

The suggested system environment would be the bus pass shuttle bus service with GPS
tracking. The bus pass withshuttle bus is routing within campus area and student
accommodation area.These areas are updated inside Google Map as shown as below. This is
because the campus area is. updated by Google Inc. when our app is build.

15
Fig: 3.3.1 Overview of an google map

16
3.4 Overview of real time location of driver with database

The driver location of an bus within the real time is updated in an database where the driver
information is beign updated in every 10 sec is being updated and send an updateco.ordiantes
to an student app.when the driver complete its path then he can genrete the notification of an
trip completed.

Fig.3.4.1 Driver app overview with database

17
3.5 overview of an bus pass system with database

This system is useful for users to get their bus pass online instead of standing in long queues
to obtain their bus passes. User can refill their account and extend the validity of card when
the pass is going to expire. This system provides functionality like accessing basic
information of user for authentication. This system provides security option for user. The
conductor in bus would be able to verify the pass by scanning the QR code provided on the
pass with a recommended device. The notification generated by the system would be send to
the user in form of message such as when where and what time the card was use.

Fig.3.5.1 overview of bus pass with database

18
3.6 Data dictionary

Bus Entity

Entity Name Attributes Description Data Type Null

Bus Bus_ID Identify bus Varchar (10) No
uniquely
Plate_Number Bus plate Varchar (10) No
number
Status Status of bus Varchar (10) No
Route_ID Identify the Varchar (10) No
route of a bus

Bus Driver:

Entity Name Attributes Description Data Type Null

Bus_Driver Bus_Driver_ID Identify bus Varchar (10) No
driver uniquely
Password Password for a Varchar (30) Yes
driver ID
Name Name of driver Varchar (50) Yes
Bus_ID Identify the bus Varchar (10) No
assigned to
driver
Route_ID Identify the Varchar (10) No
route assigned
to driver

19
 Student:

Entity Name Attributes Description Data Type Null

Student Student ID Identify student Varchar (10) No
uniquely
Password Password for a Varchar (30) Yes
student ID
Name Name of student Varchar (50) Yes
Identify the
Student Route student route Varchar (10) No

Route_ID Identify the Varchar (10) No

Route path
assigned to
student

20
 Chapter 4 System Requirement

4.1 Hardware Requirements

System processor : i5 or higher

Mobile processor : 1 Ghz or
Higher RAM : 2 GB or Higher
Memory : 200 MB or Higher

4.2 Software Requirement

Operating system : window

Technology used :Android 5.1 or
higher IDE : Android studio
Back end : Firebase
Front end :Android SDK

4.3 Functional Requirement

Functional requirement is refer to the functionalities must be apply to a system.The functional

requirements of bus tracking system are stated below.

1. The system must be able to show information to user in real time.

2. The system must be able to process the position data received from bus positioning
module and calculate the estimated time to user.
3. The system must be able to show estimated arrival time for every bus in every bus stop.

21
4. The system must be able to allow user retrieve information from mobile device
and computer.
5. The system must be able to do mapping with the position data retrieved from bus
positioning module and show the bus position in a map view to user.
6. The system store the information of student regading the pass.
7. The system verify the user authentication and verify the pass by using an QR.
8. The system update the pass and inform the pass exipry time to user.
9. The system provide the facility of storage of an profile picture of student in an
firebase which is connect to our app ,which makes the bus pass secure.
10. The system is made such a way that it leaves the mssage of trip completed when
driver completes its trip.

4.4 Non Functional Requirement

1.The system should provide the accurate estimated bus arrival time to user.
2.The system should reduce the paper work done by bus management team.
3.The system should be able to increase the efficiency and performance of bus service.
4.The system should allow user to access information in anywhere with anytime.

22
 Chapter 5 Implimentaton and Discussion

System implementation is performed once system design was done. During system
implementation, step-by-step development and installation would be performed. Due to this
project is applied prototype methodology, system implementation would be divided into two
stage as defined.First stage would be prototype implementation and second stage is the final
system implementation.

First of all the student login and the driver login module is to be implemented. The student
and diver authentication be checked as only those email were login which have been already
set in the firebase.The server is set up through the firebase and connected to both the driver
and student app to provide the location.The student and driver send their location to each
other if they allow their location to be sent.The student can send the message of I am here to
an driver app.The bus pass should be verified as the information of student is stored within an
database within the profile picture of student.Once the bus pass is verified the success
message is shown.when the driver dropped all the student the driver can send the message of
trip completed. The lots of work is performed in firebase to store and perform all the
function regarding the pass and Gps tracking.

Final system implementation, system has to put on Internet in order to let bus users check on
bus information and also enable the system running on real time environment through
Internet.Therefore, a free dynamic DNS service had been choose and register
(http://www.dnsdynamic.org/) and the domain name registered is “bustracking.imap01.com”.
The server able to access through the domain name instead of IP address after the public IP
had been registered with fixed domain name. The following figure shows the network
architecture of proposed system.

23
 Fig. 5.1 Network architecture of system

The real time bus position could be clearly display on the map with bus icon movement
whereit is simultaneous with real time moving or operating bus. Bus arrival time at every bus
stop will also been showed on web page in tidy table.

The interface of bus position module installed in smart phone also has to enhance in order to
stick with the role of bus driver, where bus driver able to send bus status to server with one
button. However, bus driver is not able to stop the bus position data convey to server, this can
be act as the control of management team to observe bus driver working performance.
However, bus driver able to decide whether the bus is fully filled or not. The status of bus
able to update by bus driver with single button in real time so that bus user able to know
about the status of bus before the bus is arrive next bus stop. Besides, there is a button for bus
driver to inform management team and bus users immediately when the bus is break
down.The bus pass be verified according to the information stored in a database.

Lastly, the final system implementation was successfully implemented and final system
testing will be performed.

24
 Chapter 6 System Testing

Once system implementation is done, system testing will be performed to testing on system
performance .System testing is an important process in system development project. It will
perform after development process which the actual system or prototype is created. Testing
phase is very useful and important because this process able to trickle out the errors inside
the software. Normally testing criteria is based on user and system requirements, to verify
whether the system meet the requirements or not. System reliability is very important for a
system to the end users and testing process able to verify the reliability of the system.

System testing may divide two parts which is unit testing and module integration testing. Unit
testing is a kind of testing on each of the individual component in a large system. Before
modules integration, unit testing performed on each module able to ensure that every module
is working perfectly. The module integration testing would be a testing on the process of
combination of all modules. Once all modules able to communicate with each others, the
final system is done and the integration testing would test on the complete system.

6.1 Unit Testing

Test Case 1: Bus Positioning Module - Unit Testing

No Test Objective Test Step Expected result Result

1. To ensure that the 1) Turn on GPS feature. The GPS location Pass
module able to data should
receive GPS data by 2) Run the bus positioning display on the
GPS receiver. module installed. screen.

3) Observe the GPS data

receive from satellite.

25
 2. To ensure that the 1) Run the module The database Pass
module able to send installed in smart phone. should receive
GPS data received to GPS data from
server. 2) Observe the data table in bus position
database located in server module.
computer.
3. To ensure that the 1) Run the module The database Pass
module will installed in smart phone. should
continuously send continuously
updated GPS location 2) Move the smart phone to receive updated
data to server when other location. GPS location
location is changed. data.
3) Observe the data table in
database.

4) Repeat step 2 and 3 few

times.

Table 6.1 Bus Positioning Module - Unit Testing

26
Test Case 2: Real Time Bus Arrival Time Display Module - Unit Testing

No Test Objective Test Step Expected result Result

1. To ensure the 1) Run the module on The timetable Pass
timetable able to browser. should update
display all the bus accordingly
stop name and bus 2) Select different when either
arrival time according bus (radio button). radio button is
to bus selected. selected.
3) Observe the
timetable.
2. To ensure that the 1) Take a bus trip and The timetable Pass
timetable will update bring along the smart will update
when the bus is pass phone installed with accordingly
through a bus stop. bus positioning when the bus is
module. passing through
a bus stop.
2) Run the bus
positing module
which installed in
smart phone when
the bus is moving.

3) Run the module

(web page) on
browser.

27
 Chapter 7 Analysis and Evaluation

The analysis of the bus pass with tracking system contain the two main portal one for finding
the location of bus and another for the bus pass with bar-code. Analysis of our project Bus
pass with GPS tracking system can done by using SWOT(Strength,Weakness, Opportunity
and threat) Analysis. The strength of our project is it provides the current location of the bus
which is very useful to the user.They can know about the time duration of the bus reaching to
the desired place.On the other hand bus conductor has to manage the bus pass scan for the
getting entry the user in to the bus.The user also know about the available buses in that route.
The estimated bus arrival time is based on the average of arrival time in every bus stop in
current version of system and it is not the most accurate estimated time. Because the current
system does not consider about unexpected situation happened on the road such as traffic
status and bus users boarding status. In future, the system will enhance to provide more
accurate estimated arrival time to user.The weakness of our project is it doesn’t provide the
offline module of GPS tracking as for tracking we must need an internet connection. Looking
forward toward the Opportunity of our project, we can expand it furthermore. As Nepal is
developing country much of thing isn’t implemented so we have greater market for our
project and to implement it all over the country. The threat of our project is that we can
encounter the competition from other location sharing apps such as Pathao and Tootle which
may expand there market by implementing it on all the college bus and local transpotation.

There are many other enhancements for the proposed system, one of the important
enhancement would be create an artificial intelligence program to automatically study and
analysis bus route data to provide most optimum estimate arrival time. By applying artificial
intelligence program, the system will become more valuable because of the accuracy of
estimation on arrival time. The pass of an student is with all the information and can be
verified by using an QR.

28
 Chapter 8 Conclusions

Technology is introducing new innovations day by day, thus reducing the time required to do
things. The proposed system can be used to know the time required to the bus reaching to the
destination. The Android application can be used by the both user and bus conductor to know
the detailed location of the buses as well as buss pass scan.It also provides them with the
facility of communicating with the nearby buses. The database is a vital aspect of the system.
The database of the user’s and the GPS must be checked for consistency on regular basis for
smooth working of the system.The Android application is developed using Android Studio
which is an open source software, while the web application for the GPS tracking system and
bus scan system is also developed using open source tools, hence the system developed is
quite feasible. We hope all information we get it are what they want.We recommend bus’s
conductor, user’s and employments in college to use this system which will help them to get
most details about Bus pass with GPS tracking system.

In order to enhance bus system and increase the performance of bus service provider, the bus
tracking system is needed. Bus tracking system provided a real time platform for bus user to
check on bus traffic status in anytime and anywhere. It also provided a platform for bus
service provider to monitor bus status and update latest information to user.

29
 9 References

[1] Juanjuan Zhao, Fan Zhang, Lai Tu, Chengzhong Xu, Dayong Shen, Chen Tian, Xiang-
Yang Li, "Estimation of Passenger Route Choice Pattern Using Smart Card Data for
Complex Metro Systems", 1524-9050 2016 IEEE. Personal use is permit-ted, but
republication/redistribution requires.

[2] Raed M. Bani-Hani, Yarub A. Wahsheh, Mohammad B. Al-Sarhan, ”Secure QR Code

System”,978-1-4799-7212-8/14/2014 IEEE.

[3] M. Mcdonald, H. Keller, J. Klijnhout and V. Mauro, “Intelligent Transport Systems in

Europe: Opportunity for Future Research” World Scientific Publishing Company, ISBN
981270082X, 2006.
[4] Fan Zhang, Lai Tu, Chengzhong Xu, Dayong Shen, Chen Tian, Xiang-Yang Li,
"Estimation of Passenger Route Choice Pattern Using Smart Card Data for Complex Metro
Systems", IEEE. Personal use is permit-ted, but republication/redistribution requires.

[5] Klijnhout and V. Mauro, “Intelligent Transport Systems in Europe: Opportunity for
Future Research” World Scientific Publishing Company, ISBN 9865757578X, 2019 IEEE.

30
Appendix

APPENDIX A: USER MANUAL

1. To add an user an user in firebase:

31
2. Storage for an profile pic of student in firebase:

3. Student Login:

32
4. List of driver (with name,route and bus no.):

33
5. Allowing the student location to send his/her location to driver app :

34
6. Showing student and driver location:

35
7. Verifying student bus pass using QR :

36
8. After the bus pass is verified( success message) :

37
9. Driver Login:

10. Diver accessing their location to send location to student App:

38
11. After the driver complete his trip:

39