Space frame bolt ball

As a new type of load-bearing structure and a super static space frame structure system, the bolt ball of
steel structure can change the stress state of plane structure and improve the load capacity of the space
structure.
The bolted ball is made of 45# steel, and all raw materials are tested for physical, chemical, and
mechanical properties of 3/1000 sampling after entering the factory. Then go to a professional forging
unit to forge a ball billet with a 250 kg or 750 kg air hammer. The blank is normalized to make its
hardness reach HB197～225. The blank shall be free of defects such as cracks, overburning, pitting, etc.,
and the ovality shall not exceed 1% of the diameter.
Bolt Ball Diameter

Ф100、Ф110、Ф120、Ф130、Ф140、Ф150、Ф160、Ф180、Ф200、Ф240、Ф250
、Ф260、Ф280、Ф300、Ф350

Installation of steel structure with bolt-ball space truss

In order to further improve the construction quality of the steel structure with bolt ball space frame
structure, while strengthening the monitoring of the quality of the members, it is also necessary to
strengthen the monitoring of the construction process, to avoid error accumulation, to enhance the
stability and reliability of the steel structure, to ensure the overall safety of the building.
1. Preparation before installation
1.1 Material Management
After the steel structure material of the bolted ball space frame is processed, in order to improve the
convenience of subsequent construction, the relevant staff need to classify and stack the components
according to the model, type, and other factors according to the needs of the project construction.
Specifically, before the components are stacked, the relevant staff needs to place sleepers in the
corresponding positions to avoid the corrosion of the components due to excessive moisture on the
ground. Cover with plastic film and waterproof cloth, and make a mark to provide convenience for the
access of components in the subsequent construction process.
1.2 Component Inspection
Before the components are used, the relevant staff needs to submit the bolt balls, rods, bolts, nuts, and
other components for inspection in batches to avoid hidden dangers in the construction of the
construction project due to the substandard quality of the components.
1.3 Trial assembly
Before the formal installation of the steel structure of the bolted ball space frame, the relevant staff also
needs to check whether there are problems with the components by means of trial assembly. If there
are problems, solve them in advance to ensure the convenience and reliability of subsequent
engineering construction.
2. Installation steps
2.1 (1) Re-measure the axis and install the bracket; (2) Position the lower chord ball, lower chord,
abdominal rod, Connect the chord joint and chord rod, and correct them; (3) Tighten all the bolts and
Carry out self-inspection on it; (4) hoist the space frame and side space frame, adjust the axis of the
space frame and Carry out self-inspection; (5) Weld the space frame support.
2.2 Measurement positioning and support installation
(1) Before installing the steel structure of the bolted ball space frame, the staff must first measure and

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locate the center point of each support; (2) After ensuring that the center point meets the construction
requirements, draw the position of the center axis; (3) ) Referring to the positioning axis, use a crane to
place the support on the embedded part at the top of the column; (4) Use the theodolite to measure the
position of the support, and fix the support in the corresponding position after ensuring the correct
position.
2.3 Space frame assembly
(1) The staff needs to be familiar with the types, sizes, and corresponding positions of all bolt balls and
rods in the design drawing and check the rods. If the rods are found to be bent and deformed during
transportation, storage, and hoisting, It needs to be corrected.
(2) The staff needs to check the markings of the rods and bolt balls against the design drawings and
start the installation work after ensuring that the markings are correct.
(3) The installation work of the steel structure of the bolted ball space frame is mainly the installation of
bolts and balls (Figure 1). During the installation process, in order to ensure that the quality of the
structure after installation meets the installation requirements, the staff must ensure that the friction
surface of the connecting components is clean and dry. , and ensure that the high-strength bolts are in
the same direction when they smoothly penetrate the ball holes.

Figure 1 bolt ball

(4) In order to improve the connection tightness of the bolts, the staff needs to tighten the bolts two
times, and each group of high-strength bolts must be tightened on the same day, and it is strictly
forbidden to leak. Specifically, the steel structure of the bolted ball space frame mainly includes two
types of space frames: plane and curved, and its support methods include multi-point support, two-sided
support, and peripheral support.
Among them, the upper chord of the flat space frame is generally a pressure rod, and the lower chord is
generally a tie rod. On the whole, the combined scale of the upper chord is larger than that of the lower
chord. During the installation process of the space frame, the self-weight deformation of the rod may
occur, which is unfavorable to the subsequent construction. influence. In order to solve this problem,
during the construction of the steel structure of the bolted ball plane space frame, the staff can replace
the sliding construction with full-scale scaffolding. While ensuring the personal safety of the construction
personnel, it can avoid the support and pre-buried caused by the subsidence and deformation of the
space frame. deviations between parts. For the curved space frame, because the radial rods of the
space frame is mostly pressure rods, and the construction difficulty of the pressure rods is much greater
than that of the tie rods, the staff must avoid stress on the tie rods before the overall installation is
completed.
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Space frame accessories blanking plate

The basic components of the space frame are rods and ball joints. Their
connection is mainly through bolts. When bolts and rods are connected, a
sealing plate and a cone are required. The sealing plate is a member welded
to the ends of the rods and has different sizes. . When the sealing plate is
under stress on the structure, according to the design result, the effect is that
the structure is under tension or pressure.

Space frame accessories cone head

The “cone head” has the same function as the “sealing plate”. When the diameter of the steel
pipe is small, the “sealing plate” is used. When the diameter of the steel pipe is large, in order
to avoid collision between the steel pipes on the same bolt ball, the “cone head” is used. The
“cone head” or “sealing plate” and the steel pipe constitute the “rod” of the bolted ball space
frame structure. Sometimes the “sealing plate” and “cone head” are collectively referred to as
“head”.

Space frame high strength bolt

1、High strength bolt is just a kind of standard bolt with high

strength. Space frame project adopts special high-strength bolts,

high strength bolts belong to high-carbon steel

2、General steel structure project adopt twist shear type high

strength bolts and large hexagon

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3、High-strength bolted connections have the advantages of simple construction, good mechanical
performance, disassembly, fatigue resistance, and no loosening under dynamic loads.
4、The appearance and connection structure of high-strength bolts are similar to ordinary bolts. The
main difference is that ordinary bolts realize shear force transmission through shaft bearing and shear
resistance, and the pre-tension force is small when the bolt cap is tightened; in terms of pre-tension
force, high-strength bolts can apply a large pre-tension force to the bolt by tightening the bolt cap.
5、Common methods of tightening bolt caps include the torque method and angle method; for shear-
type high-strength bolts, the tail of the twisted bolt is used to control the pre-tension. High-strength
bolts are made of high-quality alloy structure and are made by high-tech heat treatment, and are
generally drilled into holes.
6、The anti-corrosion of high-strength bolts mainly includes: oil quenching, cold galvanizing

High-strength bolt material

Thread
specificatio Power level Material
n
M12-M24 20MnTiB、40Cr、35CrMo
10.9S
M27-M36 35VB、40Cr、35CrMo
M39-M64*4 9.8S 35CrMo、40Cr

Purlins

The purlins are laterally bent (usually two-way bending) members, and are generally designed as single-
span simply supported purlins. Commonly used purlins are solid web type and light steel truss type.Steel
purlins are processed by hot-coiling and cold-bending, with thin walls, light weight, excellent section
properties, and high strength.

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