Guide 4 Notes

Lesson 8-A: Basic Text Handling in Writer

1. Introduction to Text Entry:

Entering text in Writer is like using a typewriter: press Shift for capital letters and Tab for
paragraph indentation.
However, Writer offers advanced features far beyond a typewriter for text management,
which you'll learn here.
2. Key Objectives:
Learn to navigate through a document.
Manipulate text: insert, move, select, and delete.
Use Undo, Redo, and Repeat commands.
Learn to move, copy, and paste text.

Navigating a Document

Point of Insertion: The blinking vertical line that shows where the next text or action will take
place.
Four Primary Methods to Move the Insertion Point:
1. Arrow Keys: Left, right, up, and down move the insertion point by one character or line.
2. Editing Commands: Such as Find and Go To.
3. Keyboard Shortcuts: For quicker navigation.
4. Mouse: The most common method, using the cursor that appears as an "I" shape in text
areas.

Mouse Navigation:

Double-click: Selects a word.

Triple-click: Selects a whole sentence.
Click and Drag: Hold the left mouse button at the start of a text block, drag to the end, and
release to select.

Exercise 8-1:

1. Open the document Lorem_Ipsum.odt.

2. Practice selecting text using double-click and triple-click.

Moving and Selecting Text

Click & Drag Technique: Useful for selecting and moving blocks of text within a document.
Steps:
Place the insertion point at the start of a selection.
Click and drag to select the text.
Release the mouse button once the desired text is highlighted.
Click and drag the selected text to move it to a new location.
Exercise 8-2:

1. Select text by dragging.

2. Move the selected text by dragging it to another location in the document.

Scrolling through Documents

You can scroll through large documents using:

1. Scroll bars (horizontal and vertical).

2. Mouse scroll wheel.
3. The insertion point does not move during scrolling, meaning the visible area changes, not the
insertion point.

Status Bar:

Disk Icon: Red when the document has unsaved changes, black when all changes are saved.
Page X of Y: Clicking here allows quick navigation to any page by entering the page number.

Finding Text

Use the Find command from the toolbar to quickly locate words or phrases in the document.
Steps:
1. Click Find.
2. Enter the word or phrase you're searching for.
3. All occurrences are highlighted.

Exercise 8-4:

1. Open Lorem_Ipsum.odt.
2. Use the Find function to search for the word "lorem" and explore how to respect case
sensitivity in searches.

Using Undo, Redo, and Repeat Commands

1. Undo: Reverts the most recent action. Use the Undo button or the shortcut Ctrl + Z.
Multiple actions can be undone by clicking the dropdown arrow beside the Undo button.
2. Redo: Restores actions undone by Undo. Use Ctrl + Y or the Redobutton.
You can redo several undone actions in one step by selecting multiple items in the Redo
dropdown.

Cutting, Copying, and Pasting Text

Cut (Ctrl + X): Removes text and stores it in the clipboard.

Copy (Ctrl + C): Copies text to the clipboard without removing it.
Paste (Ctrl + V): Inserts clipboard content at the insertion point.

Exercise 8-6:
 Practice copying and pasting text using both the toolbar buttons and keyboard shortcuts.
Compare the efficiency of both methods.

Text Selection Methods:

Word: Double-click.
Sentence: Triple-click.
Paragraph: Quadruple-click.
Entire Document: Use Ctrl + A.

Lesson 8-B: Text Formatting and Writing in Writer

Key Objectives

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

Format characters and paragraphs.

Format a page.
Perform spell checking and grammar checking.
Use tables effectively in Writer.

Text Entry Methods

Continuous Text Entry: You can either enter text without worrying about paragraph breaks
(this is called “saisie au kilomètre”) or manually insert breaks as you type.
Automatic Line Wrapping: When reaching the end of a line, you do not need to press Enter;
Writer will automatically move the cursor to the next line.

Text Formatting

1. Character Formatting:
Change text appearance using different fonts, sizes, and styles.
Font Style: Options include bold, italic, underline, etc.
Font Size: Adjusting the size of the characters.
2. Paragraph Formatting:
Apply formatting to entire paragraphs.
Alignment: Left, center, right, justified.
Indentation: Adjust margins for specific paragraphs.
Line Spacing: Control the space between lines in a paragraph.
3. Page Formatting:
Set margins, orientation (portrait or landscape), and paper size.
4. Spell Check and Grammar Check:
Writer will underline errors as you type. You can also manually run a spell check to correct
grammatical and spelling errors.

Tables in Writer

Creating Tables:
 Insert a table via the Insert tab.
Choose the number of rows and columns.
Tables can help structure data and text neatly.
Table Customization:
Adjust borders, background colors, and styles for better presentation.
You can modify the table layout by adding/deleting rows and columns.

Example: Saisie au Kilomètre

In this method, text is entered continuously without worrying about formatting, paragraph breaks,
or spell checks. Writer will handle the line breaks automatically as text reaches the right margin.
Later, you can go back and format it to meet your needs.

Key Steps for Document Formatting

1. Step 1: Open a new document in Writer.

2. Step 2: Begin typing your content (use continuous typing or saisie au kilomètre if applicable).
3. Step 3: Once the content is typed, use formatting tools to adjust the appearance (e.g.,
applying bold, adjusting font size).
4. Step 4: Perform spell and grammar checks to ensure the document is error-free.

Practical Exercise:

1. Open the Lorem_Ipsum.odt file.

2. Select and format text by changing the font to Times New Roman and the size to 13pt.
3. Justify the text so it aligns on both sides.
4. Open the Paragraph dialog box to adjust the spacing settings (set it to 0.10cm above and
below, and line spacing to 1.15).

Lesson 8-C: Formatting a Document in Writer

Objective:

Learn how to apply formatting to a document that was typed continuously (saisie au
kilomètre).
Gain practical experience in formatting an unformatted document to match a formatted one.

Practical Formatting Task:

Step 1: Open the document Le_chameau.odt provided by your instructor.

Step 2: Select the entire document by pressing CTRL + A.
Step 3: Change the font to Times New Roman and set the font size to 13 pt using the toolbar.
Step 4: Justify the text, aligning it evenly along the left and right margins.

Paragraph Formatting:

Open the Paragraph Dialog:

Use the Origin button located at the far right of the toolbar.
 Modify paragraph spacing:
Above paragraph: Set to 0.10 cm.
Below paragraph: Set to 0.10 cm.
Line spacing: Set to 1.15 lines.

Formatting Exercise:

Compare Your Results: Once you have completed formatting, compare your document to
Le_chameau_final.odt, available from your instructor.
Ensure that the document appears identical in terms of formatting and layout.

Concepts Covered:

1. Full Document Selection: Using CTRL + A to select everything.

2. Font Settings: Adjusting font family and size.
3. Text Justification: Ensuring text is aligned along both the left and right margins.
4. Paragraph Spacing and Line Height: Fine-tuning the spacing within and around paragraphs
for a professional appearance.

Lesson 9-A: Introduction to Calc

Overview of Calc

Calc is the spreadsheet application from the LibreOffice suite, similar to Microsoft Excel.
It is widely used for managing data, creating budgets, financial reports, and other data-
driven tasks.
Calc provides a grid format (rows and columns) where data can be entered, manipulated,
and calculated.

Objectives of Lesson 9-A

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

1. Understand what workbooks (classeur) and spreadsheets (feuilles de calcul) are.

2. Navigate the Calc interface, including its windows and toolbars.
3. Switch between sheets in a workbook.

Launching Calc

Methods to Launch Calc:

1. Start Menu: Open the Windows Start menu, search for LibreOffice Calc, and click to open
it.
2. Search Bar: Type Calc in the Windows search bar and select the app from the results.

Calc Interface Components

1. Spreadsheet Area: The main area where data is entered, composed of rows and columns.
Rows: Identified by numbers (e.g., 1, 2, 3).
Columns: Identified by letters (e.g., A, B, C).
 Cells: The intersection of a row and a column (e.g., A1, B2).
2. Active Cell: The currently selected cell where the next data entry or action will occur. Its
reference (e.g., A1) is displayed in the Name Box.
3. Formula Bar: Located above the grid, used to view or enter data and formulas into the active
cell.
4. Sheet Tabs: Located at the bottom of the window. They allow you to navigate between
different sheets within a workbook. You can also add new sheets.
Clicking a tab switches to that specific sheet.
5. Status Bar: Displays information about the current document, such as the number of sheets
and the zoom level.

Basic Concepts

1. Workbooks (Classeur):
A workbook is a Calc document that can contain multiple sheets. Each workbook opens in
its own window.
By default, when you create a new workbook, it contains one sheet.
2. Spreadsheets (Feuilles de Calcul):
A spreadsheet is the actual grid where data is input. Each sheet in Calc contains 1,048,576
rows and 16,384 columns.
You can manage data across multiple spreadsheets within the same workbook by
switching between tabs at the bottom.

Practical Exercise 9-1

Objective: Practice launching Calc and familiarizing yourself with its interface.
1. Step 1: Open Calc from the Start Menu or Search Bar.
2. Step 2: A new workbook, Sans nom 1, will appear with a single sheet named Feuille1.
3. Step 3: Examine the Calc window, paying attention to the active cell, name box, formula bar,
and sheet tabs.

Navigating in Calc

1. Using the Mouse: Click on any cell to make it the active cell.
2. Using Keyboard Shortcuts:
Arrow keys: Move one cell at a time in any direction (up, down, left, right).
Home: Moves the cursor to the first cell of the row.
Ctrl + End: Moves to the last cell containing data.

Lesson 9-B: Managing Cells and Data in Calc

Objectives of Lesson 9-B

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

Identify and select cells in a spreadsheet.

Insert data into cells.
Understand different types of data.
 Modify and delete the contents of cells.

Types of Data in Cells

A cellcan contain different types of data:

1. Text: Strings of letters, numbers, and symbols.
2. Numbers: Integer or decimal values.
3. Dates and Times: Dates (e.g., 12/12/2024) and times (e.g., 14:30).
4. Currency: Financial data represented in monetary formats.

Understanding Cells

A cell is the basic unit in a spreadsheet where data is entered.

The active cell is highlighted with a bold border, and its address (e.g., A1, B2) appears in the
Name Box.
A range of cellscan be selected to apply formatting or perform calculations. For example,
selecting from A1 to B5 is shown as A1
.

Selecting Cells

You can select:

1. Single cell: Click on the cell.
2. Multiple contiguous cells: Click and drag to select a block.
3. Non-contiguous cells: Hold Ctrl and click on multiple cells.
4. Entire rows or columns: Click the row number or column letter.

Practical Example:

Exercise 9-3: Use different selection techniques to highlight cells in a spreadsheet. Try
selecting a single cell, a range of cells, and non-contiguous cells using the Ctrl key.

Editing Cell Data

Inserting Data:
1. Select a cell.
2. Type the data directly into the cell.
3. Press Enter to move to the next cell.
Deleting Data:
1. Select the cell(s) with the data to delete.
2. Press Delete to clear the contents.

Quick Tip:

To delete multiple cells quickly, highlight them and press Delete to remove all content at
once.

Modifying Cell Data

 You can modify the contents of a cell by:
1. Clicking on the cell and typing over the existing data.
2. Using the Formula Bar to make edits while keeping the original data visible.
Practical Exercise:
1. Open the Document – Classeur - Calc file.
2. Select various cells and modify their contents using the formula bar.

Cell Formatting

Text Formatting:
Change font style, size, color, and alignment within a cell or across multiple cells.
Number Formatting:
Numbers can be formatted to display as decimals, percentages, or currency.

Practical Example:

Select a column of numbers and format them as currency by clicking the Currency button on
the toolbar.

Inserting and Deleting Rows/Columns

1. Inserting Rows/Columns:
Right-click a row or column header and choose Insert Row or Insert Column.
2. Deleting Rows/Columns:
Right-click the row or column header and select Delete Row or Delete Column.

Practical Exercises:

1. Exercise 9-4:
Open a spreadsheet and delete specific rows or columns.
Insert new rows or columns where needed.

Advanced Cell Management

Use keyboard shortcuts like Ctrl + Z for undo, Ctrl + C for copy, and Ctrl + V for paste.
Calc allows for autofill by dragging the corner of a selected cell to apply the same data or
formula across multiple cells.

Key Concepts Recap:

1. Cells: The basic unit for entering data in Calc.

2. Types of Data: Text, numbers, dates, times, and currency.
3. Selecting and Managing Cells: Techniques for selecting, inserting, and deleting cells.
4. Formatting: Apply different formats to make data easier to read and manage.

Lesson 9-C: Using Formulas and Functions in Calc

Objectives:
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

Identify formulas and functions.

Insert formulas and functions into cells.
Use formulas and functions effectively in Calc to perform simple and complex calculations.

What Are Formulas and Functions?

Formulas:
Formulas are used to perform calculations in Calc. A formula is essentially a mathematical
expression that calculates values in a spreadsheet. For instance, when you change a value
in a cell, Calc recalculates any formulas related to that cell.
A formula in Calc always starts with an equal sign (=), followed by a combination of
numbers, cell references, and arithmetic operators.
Functions:
Functions are predefined operations in Calc that simplify common calculations. For
example, the SUM function adds up a range of values automatically.
Functions may include one or more arguments, which are the data points you want the
function to work with.

Arithmetic Operators in Formulas

Addition (+): =10+C5 adds 10 to the value in cell C5.

Subtraction (-): =A8-D7 subtracts the value in D7 from A8.
Multiplication (*): =A9*B9 multiplies the values in A9 and B9.
Division (/): =F5/A10 divides F5 by A10.
Exponentiation (^): =10^A5 raises 10 to the power found in A5.

Steps to Enter a Formula

1. Select a cell where you want the result.

2. Type the equal sign (=).
3. Enter the formula using cell references, numbers, and operators.
4. Press Enter to compute the result.

Practical Example: Addition Formula

Exercise Example:
Suppose you want to add values from cells H7 to H16 and display the result in cell H17.
You could enter =H7+H9+H11+H13+H15 in H17, which would add these specific values. Once
the formula is entered, Calc recalculates every time you update the data.

Using the Formula Assistant

Formula Assistant: Calc offers a Formula Assistant to help insert common functions like
SUM or AVERAGE automatically.
To use the Formula Assistant:
1. Select the cell where the result will appear.
 2. Click on the Select Function button (often represented by the Σ symbol).
3. Choose the desired function (e.g., SUM), and Calc will suggest a range of cells.
4. Press Enter to apply the function.

Selecting Cells for Formulas

Mouse Selection: You can select cells to include in a formula by clicking and dragging over
them. Calc highlights selected cells to indicate their inclusion in a formula.
Automatic Range Selection: For certain functions like SUM, Calc will automatically propose a
range of cells (e.g., the ones directly above or beside the active cell) to simplify the process.

Practical Exercise 9-9:

1. Open the workbook Document – Classeur - Calc.

2. In cell H17, clear its content.
3. Use the Function Assistant to insert the SUM function in H17, which will attempt to sum values
to the left or above the active cell.
4. Modify the range to H7
5. to include specific cells and press Enter.
6. Alternatively, manually type a formula like =H7+H9+H11+H13+H15 to achieve the same result.

Order of Operations in Calc

When working with formulas that involve multiple operations, Calc follows standard algebraic
order of operations (PEMDAS):

1. Parentheses ()
2. Exponents ^
3. Multiplication and Division * /
4. Addition and Subtraction + -

For example, the formula =3+5*2 first multiplies 5 by 2, then adds 3, resulting in 13. Parentheses
can be used to change the order, such as =(3+5)*2, which would result in 16.