Malaysian

Journal Of Civil
Engineering
REVIEW ON CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE AND Article history
Received
NYLON FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE 21 August 2022
Received in revised form
BEHAVIOR 06 December 2022
Accepted
Mir Mohiuddin, Abhijit Nath Abhi, Maysha Ulfat, Sharmin Reza 06 December 2022
Chowdhury* Published online
31 March 2023
Department of Civil Engineering, Ahsanullah University of Science and
Technology, Dhaka-1208 *Corresponding author
[email protected]

Graphical abstract Abstract

The addition of fibers to reinforced cement concrete enhances the suitability of structures under impacts and
earthquake loads by boosting firmness or energy-consuming proficiency of the hardened concrete material.
During cracking of concrete, one of the most relevant behaviors of fiber like “bridge effect” starts functioning.
As a result of this, fiber blocks crack formation and propagation, and hence strength and ductility of concrete
structure improve. The goal of this study is to compare the mechanical properties of reinforced cement
concrete by mixing nylon fibers and without mixing nylon fibers. In this study, data from existing article are
assessed to compare the strengths of nylon fiber reinforced concrete and conventional concrete by using
concrete strength measuring test results such as compressive strength test, flexural strength test, and split
tensile strength test. Adding fiber with concrete mix reduces the moisture content, thereby lessening the
workability of concrete which produces fiber ball. Due to the obvious lack of homogeneity caused by fiber
balling, the efficiency of fiber reinforced concrete is reduced. During the mixing of small portions of fibers with
dry concrete the difficulty of fiber separation can prevent by providing good distribution and scattering within
the mixtures which enhance concrete strength and thus the balling incident can escape. The dynamic
transmission of stress between concrete mix and the fiber achieves by considering significant factors like
aspect ratio, volume, and orientation of the fiber. Nylon fiber provides mechanical improvement of reinforced
concrete by enhancing impact resistance and increasing flexural toughness, as a result the load-bearing
capacity of concrete develops effectively. Introducing nylon fibers with concrete mixture promotes strong
tensile comportment of concrete outstandingly after the post peak stage.

Keywords: Bridge Effect, Compressive Strength, Ductility, Flexural Toughness, Split Tensile Strength.

© 2023 Penerbit UTM Press. All rights reserved

1.0 INTRODUCTION shows modest resistance to cracking. It has been seen that with
the addition of small, closely spaced and uniformly fibers into
In this modern world concrete is one of the most resilient, the concrete act to just like a crack arrester means when
durable, and extensively used manufacturing material. Concrete concrete starts cracking, the fibers start functioning and arrest
is a composite material which is made up with the mixture of the crack propagation and those fibers improve the properties
aggregate, cement, and water. Because of its inherent of concrete and make concrete as a homogeneous and isotropic
brittleness and low tensile strength, the use of concrete is material. The term "Fiber Reinforced Concrete," abbreviated as
bounded. As reinforced cement concrete is normally used in "FRC," is used to describe this type of concrete. FRC is used in
developing projects, concrete's limitations like poor ductility and mostly developing projects like highway and airport pavement,
low tensile strength need to be reduced to ensure the earthquake resistant structures etc.
sustainability of concrete structures. Concrete is particularly Among all fibers, nylon fiber is widely used because of its
strong in compression yet relatively weak in tension, and it easy availability, hydrophilic characteristics, and low cost and

35:1 (2023) 7-15 | https://journals.utm.my/mjce | ISSN 1823-7843 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.11113/mjce.v35.19045

8 Mir Mohiuddin et al / Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 35:1 (2023) 7–15

are acknowledged for its strength, durability, and resilience. during curing, intercepting the fissures, resisting to spalling, &
When nylon fibers are added to concrete, the concrete's quality impact and abrasion resistance. However, the main purpose of
improves. Nylon Fiber Reinforced Concrete has greater flexural using nylon fiber reinforced concrete is to increase the
strength, tensile strength, impact resistance, excellent mechanical and ductility properties of concrete.
permeability and frost resistance as compared to conventional Strength improvement of concrete by using nylon fiber depends
cement concrete. The use of nylon fiber in construction projects on factors like fiber length and fiber mix percentage. These two
offer excellent opportunity to enhance concrete's strength factors, fiber length and fiber mix percentage both are related to
characteristics. In reinforced cement concrete structure, the term fiber balling which becomes the most prominent issue
corrosion of steel reinforcement is the major problem because to gain expected outcome (Dewangan et al. 2019). In nylon fiber
it may affect the durability and sustainability of existing RC reinforced concrete, balling develops frequently with long fibers
structures. Corrosion impact can be reduced by using nylon fiber but seldom with short fibers. Higher amounts of nylon fiber in
reinforced concrete. the concrete mix are so much more likely to generate
fiber balling; this results in a significant reduction in strength.
Some nylon fiber reinforced cube and cylinder specimens
2.0 NYLON FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE (NFRC) are shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 represents nylon fiber
blended with concrete mix.
The term "NFRC" refers to a composite made of nylon fiber and
concrete to which variable percentages and lengths of nylon
fiber are added. The main advantage of NFRC is that it can
improve the mechanical property of concrete. Analyzing the
literatures that are currently available, it is found that two types
of nylon fibers are mostly used in construction projects-
1. Nylon 6
2. Nylon 6.6

Figures 1 and 2 represent some nylon fiber samples.

Figure 3 Nylon fiber reinforced specimen (Vaisakhi et al. 2019)

Figure 1 Nylon fiber (Vaisakhi et al. 2019)

Figure 4 Nylon fiber mix with concrete (Ishtiaq 2019)

3.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE OVER EXPERIMENTAL

ANALYSIS

The behavior of Nylon Fiber Reinforced Concrete (NFRC)

specimens like cubes cylinders and beam had been carried out
over the normal reinforced concrete cubes, cylinders, and beam
by Vaisakhi et al. (2019). In this research 3 cubes, each
measuring 150x150x150 mm and 3 cylinders, each measuring
300 mm in height and 150 mm in diameter and also 3 beams of
size 500x100x100 mm were cast with M20 concrete mix, 0.5%
Figure 2 Nylon fiber (Saxena, J., & Saxena, A. 2015) coarse aggregate was replaced by nylon fibers of 50 mm length.
Here, the mix design for M20 grade concrete was 1:2:3, as per IS
Nylon is a heat stable inert polymer which shows hydrophilic 10262:2009 code.
characteristics and large scope of material resistance. Nylon Results of the compression test, split tensile test, and
fiber’s properties are imparted by the manufacturing conditions flexural test were taken from Vaisakhi et al. (2019) and are
and fiber dimensions. Nylon fiber is effective in improving presented in Tables 1, 2, and 3 –
concrete mix cohesion, increasing resistance to plastic shrinkage
9 Mir Mohiuddin et al / Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 35:1 (2023) 7–15

Table 1 Compressive Strength Test Result on Cubic Specimens (Vaisakhi beams for each nylon fiber percentage combination were
et al. 2019) studied the 28 days compressive strength of cylinder and cube
along with tensile strength of cylinder and flexural strength of
beam.
Compressive Compressive
Serial Concrete The results obtained from DAS & GHOSH (2020) are shown
strength (N/mm2) strength (N/mm2)
No. Type
[after 7 days] [after 28 days]
in Figures 5, 6, 7 & 8-

Conventional
1 23.556 24.4
concrete

Nylon fiber
2 reinforced 24.4 25.33
concrete

Table 2 Split Tensile Strength Result Test on Cylindrical Specimens

(Vaisakhi et al. 2019)

Split Tensile Split Tensile

Serial Concrete
Strength (N/mm2) Strength (N/mm2) Figure 5 Compressive strength of cubes graph (DAS & GHOSH 2020)
No. Type
[after 7 days] [after 28 days]

Conventional
1 2.13 2.97
concrete

Nylon fiber
2 reinforced 3.4 3.82
concrete

Table 3 Flexural Strength Test Result on Beam Specimens (Vaisakhi et al.

2019)

Flexural Strength Flexural Strength

Serial Concrete
(N/mm2) (N/mm2)
No. Type
[after 7 days] [after 28 days]
Figure 6 Compressive strength of cylinder graph (DAS & GHOSH 2020)
Conventional
1 4 4.8
concrete

Nylon fiber
2 reinforced 5.6 6
concrete

By analyzing experimental results of Vaisakhi et al. (2019), it

was noted that the compression, split tension, and flexural
strengths of nylon-reinforced concrete were quite greater when
compared to regular concrete.
21 trial mixes were investigated by DAS & GHOSH (2020).
Here seven combinations for the trial mix as per the percentage
of nylon fiber were used. Three trial mixes with no nylon fiber
were produced for this study. Two test mixtures with 0.25%
nylon fiber were created. Additionally, four trial mixes with Figure 7 Tensile strength of cylinder graph (DAS & GHOSH 2020)
0.75% of nylon fiber and three trial mixes with 0.5% of nylon
fiber were considered. Furthermore, two trial mixes with 1% of
nylon fiber, four trial mixes with 1.25% of nylon fiber, three trial
mixes with 1.5% of nylon fiber were also experimented. And, in
this test M30 grade concrete mix was used.
In this experimental test, along with concrete beams
strength of cubes, each dimension of 150mm x150mm x 150mm
& cylinders, each dimension of 150mm x 300mm and were
prepared and assessed. Here, three concrete cubes, cylinders,
10 Mir Mohiuddin et al / Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 35:1 (2023) 7–15

Considering compressive strength up to 0.25% addition of Nylon

fiber in concrete mix was effective. Beyond that percentage
change in compressive strength was too little to consider. In the
study by Ummahat (2019), 19 mm, 25 mm and 50 mm nylon
fibers were used where 19 mm length fiber provided the best
result. Considering 19 mm fiber with 0.25% fiber addition
resulted in increased compressive strength by almost 100% over
plain concrete.

Table 5 Split Tensile Strength at Various Fiber Lengths and Fiber Contents
(Ummahat 2019)

(Every result represented the mean of 4 test samples.)

Figure 8 Flexural strength of beam graph (DAS & GHOSH 2020)
Comparing the
Length of Compressive
According to DAS and GHOSH's (2020) investigation of the Amount of percentage as
Fiber Strength
tensile and flexural behaviors of conventional concrete and fiber (%) opposed to fiber-
(mm) (MPa)
nylon fiber reinforced concrete, employing 1% nylon fiber in free mix
concrete increased the tensile strength and flexural strength Null fiber Null fiber 11.08 -
of concrete marginally. The compressive strength of nylon fiber
19 0.5 11.02 0.54
reinforced concrete was found to be greater than that of
conventional concrete when the nylon fiber mixture was 0.5%. 25 0.5 11.34 2.35
When additional fiber was introduced, the strength did not 50 0.5 10.79 2.62
increase. For compressive strength of trial 3, trial 3 showed
19 0.37 11.96 7.94
higher value than other two trials. The reason might be the
improper tamping during casting, improper curing etc. 25 0.37 13.91 25.54
To explore the impact of nylon fiber in concrete mixture, 50 0.37 10.67 3.70
Ummahat (2019) constructed a total of 80 concrete cylinders
19 0.25 21.03 89.80
and 60 concrete beams (prism specimens) in accordance with
the ASTM C 31. The cylinder specimens, each had 100 mm 25 0.25 19.73 78.07
diameter and 200 mm height. Among of total 80-cylinder 50 0.25 18.81 69.77
specimens, 40 concrete cylinders were produced for
compressive strength testing and other 40 cylinders were for
Considering tensile strength up to 0.25% addition of Nylon
tensile strength tests. The beam specimens, each measurement
fiber in concrete mix was effective. Beyond that percentage
of 75mm x 75mm x 228mm were used to conduct the flexural
change in tensile strength was too little to consider. 19 mm, 25
strength test.
mm, and 50 mm nylon fibers were investigated in this research
Tables 4, 5, and 6 show the results of the Compressive
by Ummahat (2019), where 19 mm length fiber offering the best
Strength, Split Tensile Strength, and Flexural Strength for various
outcome. When compared to ordinary concrete, the tensile
fiber lengths and fiber percentages that were acquired from
strength improved by over 42% when 19 mm fiber with a 0.25%
Ummahat (2019).
fiber addition was used. The trend is like the result of
Table 4 Compressive Strength at Various Fiber Lengths and Fiber
compressive strength.
Contents (Ummahat 2019)

(Every result represented the mean of 4 test samples.) Table 6 Flexural Strength at Various Fiber Lengths and Fiber Contents
(Ummahat 2019)
Comparing the
Split Tensile
Length of Amount of percentage as
Strength
Fiber (mm) fiber (%) opposed to
(MPa) Comparing the
fiber-free mix Flexure
Length of Amount of percentage as
Null fiber Null fiber 1.59 - Strength
Fiber (mm) fiber (%) opposed to fiber-
(MPa)
19 0.5 1.68 5.66 free mix
Null fiber Null fiber 2.98 -
25 0.5 1.58 0.63
19 0.5 2.61 12.42
50 0.5 1.57 1.26 25 0.5 2.86 4.03
19 0.37 1.36 14.47 50 0.5 3.49 17.11
19 0.37 2.76 7.38
25 0.37 1.46 8.18
25 0.37 2.8 6.04
50 0.37 1.55 2.52 50 0.37 2.76 7.38
19 0.25 2.25 41.51 19 0.25 2.98 0
25 0.25 3.56 19.46
25 0.25 2.28 43.40 50 0.25 2.78 6.71
50 0.25 1.79 12.58
11 Mir Mohiuddin et al / Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 35:1 (2023) 7–15

Considering flexural strength for 0.25% of fiber volume, flexural

strength increased while using 25mm long fiber. The strength
decreased after increasing fiber percentages. But the strength
increased with increasing aspect ratio for 0.5% volume of fiber
content.
In the research conducted by Ozsar et al. (2017), the effects
of shrinkage and fracture properties on NFRC were investigated
by using Nylon 6.6 polyamide fibers. The research was
concentrated on the results of varying the fibers' quantity and
diameter. Nylon 6.6 fibers of two different types (long type,
short type) were mixed to compounds of various diameters. The
short kind had a diameter of 0.05 mm and a length of 12 mm,
Figure 9 Load-deflection graphs for the constructed composites with
whilst the long type had a 0.55 mm diameter and was 54 mm four-point bending up to 0.5 mm of deflection (Ozsar et al. 2017)
long. In the study 4 beams with a size of 70×70×280 mm3 and 4
cylinders with diameter 100 mm, height 200 mm were tested.
The results were evaluated using the mix code DS 2-6, where DS The results of the test demonstrated that adding fiber had
stands for "Dosage." DS 2 denotes 2% nylon fiber of total the most significant impact on the composites' fracture energy.
concrete mix, DS 3 denotes 3% nylon fiber of total concrete mix, In fact, Figure 9 illustrates how doses of nylon fiber affect the
and so on. mechanical behavior of composites. The emergence of strain
The outcomes from Ozsar et al. (2017) are shown in Table 7 hardening in the ascending branch of the curve following the
and Figure 9 – initial crack in Figure 9 is a typical indicator of strong overall
performance of cementitious composites. Due to its hydrophilic
Table 7 Composites' strength & fracture characteristics (Ozsar et al. character, nylon fiber has a significant influence on the post peak
2017) performance of composites. The composites with macro fibers
provided the highest fracture energies. The microfibers had a
Mix Code
DS 6 DS 5 DS 4 DS 3 DS 2 limited impact on the mid-span of the beam's post-peak load vs.
deformation behavior, whereas at the post top part of curve, a
Water-Cement
0.42 0.42 0.35 0.42 0.35
compressive impact of macro fibers had been observed. This
Ratio (W/C) leaded to the increase in the price of fracture strength. Due to
Micro-fiber the use of hybrid fibers (DS-6) on the inner side, the maximum
Composition 1 --- 0.5 1 1 fracture strength values were obtained although there was a
(%) 0.42 w/c ratio in that composite.
Macro-fiber
In the research by Manikandan et al. (2017), test specimens
Composition 0.5 0.5 --- --- ---
(%) such as cubes, each had dimension of 150 mm mm x 150 mm x
Fracture
150 mm & cylinders, each had dimension of 150 mm in
2654 1099 998 2139 2356 diameter, 300 mm in height, as well as beams, each had
Energy (N/m)
Net Flexural
dimension of 100 mm x 100 mm x 500 mm were cast by
3.58 5.35 4.34 5.58 3.75 replacing fine aggregate with Nylon fiber with three specific
Strength (MPa)
percentages like 2%, 4% & 6%. M25 grade was applied to this
Compressive
36.75 63.31 43.27 53.79 38.79 study. Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in grade 53, stone chips
Strength (MPa)
as the coarse aggregate, and sands from Zone III were used as
Splitting the fine aggregate in a concrete mixture with a ratio of 1:1:2.2.
Tensile 4.77 5.5 5.7 5.45 5.26 Tables 8, 9 & 10, and Figures 10, 11 & 12 are obtained from
Strength (MPa)
Manikandan et al. (2017) –

In this experiment, the lowest compressive strength had Table 8 Compressive Strength (Manikandan et al. 2017)
been revealed at mix code DS-6. In the composites the
microfiber samples had more splitting tensile strength and net Compressive strength on average
flexural strength than macro fiber samples. During crack Serial Amount of fiber (N/mm²)
propagation a few fibers were broken, and several fibers No. (%)
7 days 14 days 28 days
departed from the matrix.
In the research by Ozsar et al. (2017), a closed loop testing 1 0% 19.40 23.59 32.22
instrument was calibrated to a maximal ability of 100 kN to 2 2% 21.74 25.88 33.88
measure the fracture energy. The beams that were constructed 3 4% 22.22 28.55 34.86
for the fracture energy testing had dimensions of 500 mm in
4 6% 24.45 30.24 36.56
length and 100 mm in cross-section. The beams were pushed at
a consistent velocity of 0.004 mm/min up to 0.5 mm of
deflection, and after 4 mm of deformation, the speed was 0.05
mm/min.
12 Mir Mohiuddin et al / Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 35:1 (2023) 7–15

Figure 12 Flexural Strength (Manikandan et al. 2017)

Figure 10 Compressive Strength (Manikandan et al. 2017) From the experimental data analysis of Manikandan et al.
(2017) the mechanical properties of concrete specimen vary
with respect to the percentage of nylon fiber. Maximum
Table 9 Split Tensile Strength (Manikandan et al. 2017) compressive strength of 1.18% increase was found with 4%
nylon fiber NRFC specimen by comparing with conventional
Split Tensile Strength on average
concrete. When the mechanical properties of conventional
Amount of (N/mm²) concrete and nylon fiber reinforced concrete was compared,
Serial No.
fiber (%) maximum split tensile strength of concrete was increased by
7 days 14 days 28 days 1.18% with 6% nylon fiber and maximum flexural strength
1 0% 1.90 2.45 3.3 was increased by 1.29% with 2% nylon fiber.
2 2% 2.26 2.63 3.5 So, from the study it can be said that by using different
percentages of nylon fiber with concrete specimens, the overall
3 4% 2.25 2.88 3.67
mechanical properties were improved by gaining more strength
4 6% 2.36 3.02 3.9 when compared to conventional concrete.
Strength of conventional concrete was compared with NFRC
by Subramanian et al. (2016) by using cylinder and cube
specimens. For that purpose, nylon fiber (0.75 inch) mix ratio
was taken from 0% to 3%. The study was conducted by casting
M20 of concrete. Here, total 24 cubic specimens and 48
cylindrical specimens were casted.
The results obtained from Subramanian et al. (2016) are shown
below in Tables 11, 12 & 13-

Table 11 Cube specimens’ compressive strength after 28th days

(Subramanian et al. 2016)

Ultimate
Amount Ultimate Compressive
Figure 11 Split Tensile Strength (Manikandan et al. 2017) Loads on
Items of Nylon Loads Strength
average
fiber (%) (kN) (N/mm2)
(kN)
Table 10 Flexural Strength (Manikandan et al. 2017) 590
Normal
0% 610 613.33 27.25
mix
640
Flexural Strength on average (N/mm²)
Amount of 725
Serial No.
fiber (%)
NFM -1 1% 745 745 33.11
7 days 14 days 28 days
765
1 0% 3.82 4.78 6.97 590
2 2% 4.49 7.28 8.49
NFM -2 2% 625 621.66 27.69
3 4% 4.297 6.82 0.75
650
4 6% 4.08 6.44 7.07
475
NFM -3 3% 485 495 22.00
525
13 Mir Mohiuddin et al / Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 35:1 (2023) 7–15

Table 12 Cylinder specimens’ compressive strength after 28th days compressive strength and the flexural strength of the concrete
(Subramanian et al. 2016) were tested less than 28 days curing period.
The compressive strength and flexure strength of concrete tests
Ultimate
Amount Ultimate Compressive results obtained from BABY SINGH et al. (2019) are shown in
Loads on
Items of Nylon Loads
average
Strength Tables 14 & 15 and Figures 13 & 14-
fiber (%) (kN) (N/mm2)
(kN)
620 Table 14 Compressive Strength of Concrete (BABY SINGH et al.
Normal 2019)
0% 650 631.33 28.07
mix
625 Compressive Strength
615 Amount of Nylon fiber (%) (N/mm2)
NFM -1 1% 630 628.33 35.56 28th day
640 0% 35.50
575 1% 35.65
NFM -2 2% 495 531.66 30.0
2% 38.20
525
475 3% 40.54
NFM -3 3% 380 443.66 25.08
475

Table 13 Cylinder specimens’ Split Tensile Strength after 28th days

(Subramanian et al. 2016)

Ultimate
Amount of Ultimate Split Tensile
Loads on
Items Nylon Loads Strength
average
fiber (%) (kN) (N/mm2)
(kN)

120
Normal
0% 150 133.33 1.88
mix
130
Figure 13 Compressive Strength of Concrete (BABY SINGH et al. 2019)
290

NFM -1 1% 270 280 3.96

Table 15 Flexural Strength of Concrete (BABY SINGH et al. 2019)
280 Flexural Strength (N/mm2)
Amount of Nylon fiber (%)
210 28th day
0% 4.73
NFM -2 2% 240 225 3.18
1% 5.02
225 2% 5.57
180 3% 5.86
NFM -3 3% 200 190 2.68

190

The results from the experimental work done by

Subramanian et al. (2016) showed that using nylon fiber with
conventional concrete increases load absorbing capacity. From
the cube results it was found that the compressive strength of
cube increased with the share of nylon fiber getting added up.
No significant changes were observed in compressive strength
test of cylindrical specimens. The split tensile strength test was
improved by using nylon fiber with conventional concrete.
Considering all three experimental results it is observed that
when 1% nylon fiber was mixed with concrete it gave the best
strength outcome. Figure 14 Flexural Strength of Concrete (BABY SINGH et al. 2019)
In the study of BABY SINGH et al. (2019) mechanical behavior
of NFRC were analyzed by using nylon 6 fiber which had a length According to the analysis done by BABY SINGH et al. (2019), the
10 mm and diameter 10 micron. In this research, the strength gradually increased as Nylon Fiber was added. When
nylon fiber was added at a rate of 1%, the compressive strength
14 Mir Mohiuddin et al / Malaysian Journal of Civil Engineering 35:1 (2023) 7–15

value after curing 28 days was 35.65 N/mm2, compared to the concrete, they make the movement of aggregate more
conventional concrete mix the compressive strength value was difficult by lowering the lubricating action of the cement
found 35.50 N/mm2. When 3% Nylon Fiber was added with paste, resulting in decreased workability, and increased
concrete, about 28.57% increase in Compressive Strength was mechanical strength.
attained. • Use of fiber produced extra intently spaced cracks and
Similarly, the Flexural Strength value for the conventional decreased crack width.
mix was 4.17 N/mm2 and for 1% addition of Nylon Fiber was 5.02 • The measurements showed that Nylon fibers notably
N/mm2 at 28th day of curing. When 3% Nylon Fiber was added reduce the plastic shrinkage of concrete.
with concrete, about 23.8% increase in Compressive Strength • Nylon Fiber Reinforced Concrete controls deformation &
was attained. cracking under impact load better than conventional
The structural behavior of conventional concrete was concrete.
compared with NFRC by LOGESH (2021). In this test M30 grade • Compared to the conventional concrete compressive
concrete and 3 different percentages of nylon fiber with a length strength, nylon fiber reinforced concrete was more
of 10 mm and diameter of 0.19 mm were used. Total test favorable to splitting tensile strength.
specimens were 24 cubes and 12 cylinders. • Most studies concluded that including approximately 2%
Tables 16 & 17 are obtained from LOGESH (2021)- nylon fiber in the concrete mix had produced the best
compressive, tensile, and flexural strength; however, few of
Table 16 Compressive Strength of Concrete (LOGESH 2021 other studies suggested adding 3% nylon fiber to the
) concrete mixture to boost strength. So, to increase the
Compressive
Compressive % strength of concrete, incorporating up to 2% nylon fiber
Amount strength
Grade of Nylon
strength
(N/mm2)
Increase with concrete mix may be the appropriate approach.
(N/mm2) in • Finally, it can be said that Nylon Fiber is used in reinforced
fiber (%) [after 28
[after 7 days] Strength concrete to increase the mechanical properties of concrete.
days]
0 29.43 43.89 -
1 32.73 50.49 15% Future research will be beneficial for improving nylon fiber
M30
2 35.93 55.69 27% reinforced concrete and creating stronger concrete.
3 34.20 53.80 23%

Table 17 Split Tensile Strength of Concrete (LOGESH 2021) Acknowledgements

Maximum % The authors acknowledge the faculty members at civil

Amount Split Tensile engineering department of Ahsanullah University of Science and
Load at 28 Increase
Grade of Nylon Strength at 28
Days in Technology in Dhaka, Bangladesh, for their invaluable advice and
fiber (%) Days(N/mm2)
(×103kg) Strength guidance in making this research a success.

0 27.5 3.82 -
M30 1 32.1 4.45 16 References
2 33.5 4.65 22
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