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Environmental science ugc net

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Environmental science ugc net

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Kavita Jaidiya
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Environmental science ugc net:

The European Union and Government of India co-funded project Integrating Bio-treated Wastewater
Reuse with Enhanced Water Use Efficiency to Support the Green Economy in EU and India.

It has shown remarkable success in reducing water scarcity and helping safe reuse of wastewater in
agriculture. By constructing wetlands with plant species such as Canna indica, lemon
grass(Cymbopogon), napier (Pennisetum perpureum X Pennisetum americarnum), para grass
(Urochloa mutica), typha (Typha latifolia), water hyacinth(Eichhornia crassipes), water lettuce (Pistia
stratiotes) and a weed species Agaratum Conyzoides the chemical oxygen demand in wastewaters
have been reduced by 30 92%.

The Global Climate Risk Index was recently released by Germanwatch-a NGO based in Bonn,
Germany. In the index, India has been ranked at seventh position among the countries that are most
effected by climate change in 2019.

Key Findings of the report

As per the report, monsoon continued for a month longer than normal in India in the year 2019.

In the period of June to September 2019, 110% of the long-period average was recorded.

Heavy rain caused the severe flooding in India that resulted into death of 1,800 across14 states. The
flood also caused the displacement of 1.8 million people.

As per the report, eight tropical cyclones cam in India. Six of them intensified to be very severe.

Report further highlights that, ‘Extremely severe’ cyclone Fani affected 28 million people and killed
90 people in India and Bangladesh.

Around 4,75,000 people have lost their lives as a direct result of more than 11,000 extreme weather
events globally in between the 2000 to 2019.

For the period of 2000 to 2014, the economic losses in terms of purchasing power parity accounts to
around US $2.56 trillion because of extreme weather conditions.

The report also highlights that, around 11.8 million people were affected by intense monsoon
globally that in turn resulted into economic damage of US $10 billion.

The Global Climate Risk Index (CRI)

The Global Climate Risk Index is annually published by the Germanwatch. The index analyses the
impact of extreme climate events on the country and the economy. It analyses how countries have
been affected by the impacts of weather-related loss events. The index is prepared on the basis of
data from Munich Re’s NatCatSERVICE.

Germanwatch

It is a non-profit non-governmental organization that was founded in 1991. The NGO is based in
Bonn, Germany. It was established with the objective of influencing the public policy on trade and
environment.

Climate Adaptation Summit 2021

The Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, in his addressed to the Climate Adaptation Summit 2021 said
that by the year 2030, India will target 450 gigawatt of renewable energy capacity. He also said that
India is promoting the LED lights and is also saving 38 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions per
year. He also highlighted that, by 2030 India will restore 26 million hectares of degraded land.

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