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SIoT is a network of real-world objects embedded with sensors, software or other technologies accessed via the internet
using applications. The things are interconnected through wireless links (Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, etc.). IoT in uences various
industries, including healthcare, manufacturing, retail and others. Fleet management is another area that has adopted
and implemented IoT technology to improve the system’s e ciency.

Fleet management manages commercial motors, including trucks, cars, forklifts or other vehicles working for a business.

The IoT technology has converted the idea of connected vehicles into reality. IoT promotes machine-to-machine
communications and combines telecommunications and informatics to disseminate valuable information to the
stakeholders in real-time.

Any organization that engages commercial vehicles to accomplish its functions deals with eet management. It is the
process that is responsible for managing eet and asset information from acquisition to disposal.

Managing a eet is a tedious and challenging task—a high level of precision, accuracy, and dedication is required for
managing a eet. With the right IoT solutions, eet operators can arm themselves with newer capabilities and increase
overall operational e ciency.

The article highlights how IoT can revolutionize the eet management system and bene t eet operators and owners.

How is IoT revolutionizing eet management?

How does IoT work in a Fleet Management System?

What are the use cases of IoT-enabled eet management?

What are the technology stacks used by IoT in eet management?

What are the bene ts of IoT-based eet management?

How is IoT revolutionizing fleet management?

Environment-friendly operations

Driving over the speed limit or idling has harmful e ects on the environment. It emits a heavy amount of carbon dioxide
into the air. Moreover, it causes excessive wear and tear and involves additional fuel costs. Leveraging IoT technology can
easily track drivers’ behavior and get real-time automated alerts, leading to minimizing objectionable behavior.

IoT-fueled applications capture the surroundings and inform cars when to apply brakes or turn o engines. It facilitates
driving and helps perform environment-friendly functions like turning o the engine when the vehicle is idle with such
precise information.

Enhanced engine performance

The overall eet e ciency depends highly on vehicle performance. The engine is the most critical part of a vehicle. IoT
helps in remote monitoring and analysis of the engine’s essential parameters, diagnostics fault codes and in-vehicle data
acquisitions. The integrated eet management solution also handles eld engineer optimization and spare parts
management.

Predictive maintenance

Vehicles equipped with sensors can send automated signals and alerts when any part of the car needs maintenance or is
close to failure. Iot-based predictive automotive maintenance prevents from sudden breakdown of any car’s component.
Moreover, alerts for low battery, periodic engine maintenance, temperature management and other functions help
vehicles run safely for a longer duration.

Sensors embedded in various components of vehicles gather data and share it with the cloud platform. The collected data
is analyzed using data analytics tools to measure the performance and predict future outcomes.

Automated connected cars

IoT allows eet operators and managers to automate trip planning and various other processes. For instance, when a
vehicle breaks down, the IoT-enabled system sends automated alerts to tow trucks and the nearest service stations.
Drivers receive automatic noti cations related to weather warnings and recommendations to reroute. IoT brings truly an
intelligent innovation for smart cities.

IoT connectivity assists self-driven cars by providing safe and reliable driving features. The communication of connected
vehicles are divided into the following categories:

Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I): Diagnostic data streamed to an auto service center that helps locate and reserve
parking spots. The infrastructure generally constitutes tra c signals, toll booths and lane markings. It helps maintain
smooth tra c ow and avoid long waiting lines at toll booths or petrol pump stations.

Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V): V2V connection helps avoid collisions and streamline tra c using high-speed bandwidth
in-vehicle network, cameras and radar. It provides data related to vehicles’ speed, dynamics and location.

Vehicle-to-Pedestrians (V2P): Using mobile applications, people can connect C V2X (Cellular Vehicle to Everything)
network. It helps pedestrians to track and locate taxis and monitor the estimated time of arrival for transit.
Moreover, it facilitates communication with the pedestrian walking system and changes tra c signals to cross the
road.

Vehicle-to-Network (V2N): It enables connection with weather forecast system and Intelligent transport system
that alerts the drivers about the critical weather condition or accidents on the road.

Automated driver assistance in self-driven cars leverages IoT connectivity to the fullest.

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How does IoT work in a Fleet Management system?

A typical IoT eet management system implements the following steps:

Data Capturing and Filtering

IoT devices collect a massive amount of data and it is essential to investigate what data should be captured based on
speci c business requirements. Data relevant to eet management includes:

driver’s behavior

vehicle’s speed, idling, location

fuel, load and temperature monitoring data

The vehicle’s data is captured using GPS and OBD II sensors. While the car is in motion, data from all sensors is
periodically sent to the local gateway through a mobile connection.

Data Transmit

The captured data is transmitted via the internet to the cloud for storage or other devices to perform further actions. The
transmission medium used to transfer the data varies depending on the choice of users. The communication methods
include Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, RFID system, NFC (Near-Field Communication), GSM, LoRaWAN, etc.

Performing analytics

The vast amount of vehicle and transportation data is now analyzed to gain actionable insights into vehicle speeding or
idling, adherence to laws by the drivers, driving patterns, etc. The analysis of real-time data can help in quick decisions for
instant improvements. Moreover, such insights are highly advantageous for e ective management of the overall supply
chain.

Take action

The nal step is to act based on the data generated by the IoT applications. For example, when a sensor sends an alert to
reduce the temperature level, the Smart air conditioner automatically takes action and controls the temperature.

In a eet management system, there are various services integrated to accomplish a speci c purpose. The other services
include Transport management service, IoT eet management service and warehouse management cloud service. The
following steps represent a basic architecture of integrated services and help to understand the ow between di erent
services of eet management:

Step 1: The transport management service plans outbound shipments.

Step 2: Transport management service sends information about the shipment to IoT eet monitoring service and
warehouse management cloud service.

Step 3: IoT eet management service keeps the planned shipments and routes synchronized to perform in-transit
shipment monitoring and freight charge reconciliation accurately.

Step 4: Warehouse management cloud service generates internal load for the shipment and IoT eet monitoring service
is noti ed of the warehouse load.

Step 5: IoT eet monitoring service creates an appointment for the warehouse management service load based on the
shipment’s ETA.

Step 6: The transport management service sends out a truck to load the warehouse facility’s shipment.

Step 7: IoT eet monitoring service constantly monitors the truck and updates information in warehouse management
service for any ETA change due to unexpected events.

Step 8: When the truck enters the geo-fence area, the IoT sensors connected to the vehicle send a noti cation to the
warehouse management service to check dock door availability. If it is available, the truck is checked in at the dock door; if
not available, the vehicle is directed to the yard.

What are the use cases of IoT-enabled fleet

management?

IoT-enabled telematics support numerous use cases to improve eet management.

Driver management

Hi-tech driver management systems enabled with backup cameras and blind-spot assistant alert drivers about the objects
blocking the way, people crossing the road or dangerously driven vehicles. Moreover, in-cabin cameras can alert and
recommend drivers to stop and take rest when needed. In case of an accident, video data can help in fault detection.

Driver management solutions powered with computer vision can also help to monitor drivers for distraction and
drowsiness. Such applications can notify the nearest control operation center of the driver’s condition in real-time.

Fleet maintenance

The in-built sensors of a vehicle can detect when to change the oil, brake pads, battery or rotate tires. Such advanced
applications help the crew to address any issue well ahead of time. It also reduces costs by detecting and preventing
damaged motors, dead and old batteries, dysfunctional brakes and less tractable tires.

A single predictive maintenance platform can run multiple workloads enabling access to sensors, cameras and other
devices. Managers can quickly deploy such applications and reduce service costs by converging workloads. Predictive
maintenance leads to improved fuel e ciency and lowers costs.

The data gathered from the eet is stored in a cloud application. The data is then processed through di erent analytics
and conceptualized into a visual format. Fleet operators can easily access the data to monitor various parameters
associated with their vehicles.

Vehicle monitoring

Vehicles integrated with IoT and in-built sensors help provide a clear view of the surroundings to detect moving people,
objects, and other vehicles. Such systems can also work as a driving coach and alert the driver and prevent accidents.

Asset and cargo management

IoT and telematics play a signi cant role in supply chain and logistics. The embedded sensors ensure cargo security
during transportation by constant temperature control, surveillance and vibration sensors. IoT helps keep a vehicle’s
cargo hold at a set temperature and maintains food items, medications, vaccines, and other perishable items stay fresh
and consumable.

The cargo surveillance, assessing inside and outside the vehicle, enables operators to ensure what should be on the truck
and what order. The monitoring also con rms if any cargo is lost or stolen. The vibration sensors maintain the security of
fragile goods and ensure that they won’t break during transportation.

Passenger information

Vehicles related to passengers like buses and other passenger load vehicles integrated with passenger information
systems can provide Wi-Fi access to deliver helpful information about routes and other services. IoT-enabled systems can
also detect and notify social distancing guidelines that every passenger must follow. The video surveillance system can
help to monitor and report face mask usage inside the vehicle. Moreover, the passenger experience is enhanced by
integrating a touchless ticketing system in the buses.

Telematics system connects vehicles, passengers, transit stations with comprehensive real-time information. Every car
and station is equipped with sensors and communication appliances to provide passengers information and video
footage for security sta .

Bring in automation in your logistics ecosystem

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LeewayHertz Logistics Software Development

What are the technology stacks used by IoT in fleet

management?
IoT uses speci c technology stacks and permits digitalization in Fleet management. Hence it plays a crucial role in
enhancing the e ciency of the owners and the managers of di erent businesses. The time that was earlier invested
manually in the processes of logbooks, paperwork piles, switching between the software platforms, etc; took all day long.

IoT in the eld of eet management works on three fundamental technologies as mentioned below:

GPS
GPS stands for Global Positioning System. With the help of GPS you can easily access the crucial data and statistics
concerning the vehicles in real-time. GPS technology also helps in tracking and managing the vehicles and assets in
case of emergency.
OBD
OBD stands for On Board Diagnostics. OBD is basically a computer based system , installed inside a vehicle, that
closely tracks and regulates the car and its activities.

RFID
RFID stands for Radio frequency Identi cation System. It is an automatic technology and helps machines and
computers to look for objects, record metadata, controlling individual target with the help of radio waves. The
readers can identify, track and monitor the objects attached with tags globally, automatically, and in real time by
connecting RFID reader to the terminal of Internet, if required.

What are the benefits of an IoT-based fleet

management system?

IoT in eet management systems helps improve manageability, savings, visibility of cargo vehicles and passenger loads.
The IoT-enabled eet management system bene ts drivers, eet managers, passengers, insurance companies and other
stakeholders.

Improved manageability

Through IoT-enabled systems, eet managers can easily monitor drivers, vehicle and maintenance needs. Managers get
more accurate passenger data with IoT-enabled passenger-load vehicles. It also allows easy surveillance and a ticketing
system inside the cars.

Enhanced savings

Maintenance could costs owners millions of dollars every year. Predictive maintenance can help predict eet maintenance
needs and managers can x or replace parts well before the problem gets too expensive. Improved routine e ciency and
cargo utilization management can increase savings manifolds. Moreover, fuel costs and idle time are also reduced when
the latest technology-enabled systems optimize routes. Such applications also decrease the risk of accidents and theft,
which leads to reduced costs associated with vehicle downtime and repairs.

Increased visibility

In-vehicle and outside embedded cameras o er increased visibility inside and around the vehicle. Technology-driven
applications keep the driver more aware of cargo conditions during transit.

Insurance companies

IoT-enabled telematics provides various bene ts for stakeholders beyond traditional eet management, including cost
savings for insurance and better rider experience.

With fewer accidents, insurance companies will have to pay fewer claims. Moreover, insurers can take advantage of
telematics data to create more thorough summaries for their underwriters.

Passengers

Public transportation with touchless ticketing, passenger information, video surveillance and Wi-Fi service improves the
overall passenger experience.

Conclusion
IoT-enabled telematics is key to the future enhanced eet management system. With the adoption of IoT-enabled
solutions, eet managers and other stakeholders feel more con dent with the technology-driven solution that moves
them forward.

The constantly growing IoT eet management market depicts its success and popularity worldwide. According
to marketsandmarkets, the IoT eet management market stands at $8.28 billion worth (2021). The key factors driving the
growth include real-time monitoring and increased government mandates for eet safety.

With such increasing demands and popularity, more businesses will attract and integrate it into their projects.

If you’re interested in getting a custom IoT-based application developed for your business, contact our experts by scheduling a
meeting. We can assist you to keep up with the technology trends and thrive in the market. Get in touch with our team of IoT
experts and witness your idea getting converted into reality.

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