TABLE OF CONTENTS

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Acknowledgement

First and for most, I would like to present words for the power full God.
Next, I am very much indebted to my advisor Habtamu Gebeyehu (MBA) for his
continuous and regular follow up in producing this paper. I am grateful for his
contradictive criticism, patience encouragement and devotion without which this study
would have never reached its present stage.
I would like to thank my families for their contribution to the success of this study by
providing me financial and moral support, they help me while doing this paper.
I don’t forget that to thank my best friends especially Yosef Alemu, Dange Zeberga,
Dubela Abebu, Meklit Tarekegn and Tshay Zewde for helping me in doing this paper.
Last but not least, I acknowledge Wolkite University, college of Business and Economics
students for helping me by filling questionnaires’.

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LIST OF TABLES

List of tables ............................................................................................................PAGE

Table 4.1 Entrepreneur attitude of business students………………………………..
Table4.2 Knowledge’s from the course entrepreneurship………………………………
Table4.3 How interested is students in setting up their own business……………………
Table4.4 Creative motivation for new business…………………………………………..
Table4.5 Source of business knowledge of students ………………………………………
Table4.6 Business vision of students……………………………………………………
Table 4.7 Students family business……………………………………………………
Table 4.8 Attitude of students if they drop from university……………………………..
Table4.9 Consideration by students by students as good role model……………………

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LIST OF FIGURES
List of figure………………………………………………...…………………………page
Figure 1 Socio-cultural Environment……………………………………………….
Figure 2 Economic Environment Assessments……………………………………..
Figure 3 the political legal assessments………………………………………………
Figure 4 Assessment on Improving Business attitude orientation………………….

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 Abstract
The study conducted in wolkite University. The objective of the study is to assess the
overall business orientation and entrepreneurial attitude of business students.
The researcher used primary and secondary data to conduct the study. To collect the
primary data the researcher used open ended and closed ended questionnaires. The
sampling technique would be judgmental and simple random sampling.
78 Students were taken as a sample size and collected data would be manually sorted out
by editing and clarified.
Based on business orientation students were more oriented by vision for business,
business knowledge, starting business after drop out from university and by considering
business persons as their role model. The finding on social economic and political (legal)
environment shows that there is a good social, economic and political (legal)
environment for flourishing of business. This finding has important implications for all
stake holders who are involved in entrepreneurship education and fostering business
ventures. It is believed that the entrepreneurial attitudes, which seem to be less
developed, should be addressed in a responsible manner.

Key words: Entrepreneurial attitude, Business orientation, Knowledge form courses of

business, Interests in setting up own business, Creative motivation for new business,
Sources of business knowledge, Business vision, Family’s or relative’s business, Intention
of students after drop out for

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 CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

These days, entrepreneur plays significant role to accelerate the socio-economic

development of one country. Economic advancement diversification growth and
structural changes mostly depend upon entrepreneur (Irwin, 2002).

Entrepreneur forces “Creative destruction” across market and industries simultaneously

creating new products and business models. In this way creative destruction is legally
responsible for the dynamism of industries and long run economy growth.
Entrepreneurship is widely regarded as an integral player of in the culture of a country
and particular as an engine for job creation and economic growth. The concept of
entrepreneurship has a wide range of meaning one extreme an entrepreneur is a person of
very high attitude who pioneer change, possessing characteristics found in any a very
small fraction of the population. On the other extreme definition, anyone who wants to
work for himself in considered to be an entrepreneurship. The word entrepreneur
originates from the French word Entrepreneur trait are not true that successful
entrepreneur born that way, in fact any one can be a successful entrepreneur. However
there are some specific entrepreneurial traits person must have to be success in the field
of business. (Hailey G., 2003),

In all, the researcher aims mainly to assess the abilities of students in creation of business
and enables how much is their attitude in entrepreneurial activity and business
orientation. And also the researcher intends to guide some possible solutions for the
matter of the problems. Entrepreneur’s role is one of gathering and using resources and
also they added that resources to produce results must be allocated to opportunities rather,
than problem (Hole, 2005).
Therefore, the intention of this research was to assess attitude of university students
towards entrepreneurship in wolkite University College of business and economics.

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 1.2 Statement of the problems

In Wolkite University assessing entrepreneurial attitude among students, opportunity

identification is the very important aspect and first step in entrepreneurship and this
process is clearly an independent process. Therefore, entrepreneurial attitude merits any
individual. This has been empirically proved in some scholarly research works to be best
and unbiased predictor of entrepreneurial behavior.
As a result of an exploratory study, Rodermund (2004) felt able to generalize that that in
Germany an entrepreneurial personality (low agreeableness and neuroticism, high
extraversion, openness and conscientiousness) and authorities parenting style were linked
to entrepreneurial attitude of future entrepreneurs. In our country some university degrees
no longer hold the promise of jobs for young Ethiopians as hundreds of thousands of
them battle to find work. Understanding the antecedents of entrepreneurial attitude will
allows teachers, consultants, advisors and policy makers to get a clear picture of how
attitude are formed and how new venture founder's beliefs, perceptions and motives
impact the intent of business. Knowledge of the determinant of entrepreneurial attitude
can help entrepreneurial training to find the right way to mold the attitude and enhance
the probability of the consequent behavior to a new venture creation. (Wenjun Wang et
al, 2011)
Some literature and documents shows that very little research has been conducted on the
assessment of university students towards entrepreneurship career in the country as a
whole and the research geographically restricted only in wolkite university college of
business and economics and finally those research gaps geographical, methodological
and conceptual gap will affect research at an approximately 73.3%. Therefore, this study
intends to fill the gap by assessing attitudes of university student about entrepreneurship
and overall business orientation in case of Wolkite University College of business and
economics (CBE). Overall, this study try to investigate the extent to which attitude
towards behavior, subjective norms, family background and previous personal experience
affect entrepreneurial attitude on students

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1.3 Research questions

1. What are factors affect attitude of university student towards entrepreneurship?

2. What are constraints that university student face in starting up a business?
3. What are the role of the government policies and strategies on the entrepreneur’s
career?

1.4 Objectives of the study

1.4.1 General Objectives

The general objective of this study was assess the overall business orientation and
entrepreneurial a of attitude students.

1.4.2 Specific Objectives

1. The study assessed the major factors behind inducing students to start or not to
start their own business.
2. To identify constraints that impedes students from starting and running their own
business.
3. To identify the role of government policies and strategies on the entrepreneurs
career.

1.7 Scope of the Study

Conceptually This study has focused on assessing entrepreneurial attitude and overall
business orientation among university students. However,
Geographically, this study concentrates on merely students in higher education
especially business students especially in Wolkite University College of business and
economics.
Methodologically, the study would use 78 students for questionnaire survey using simple
random sampling technique

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1.8 Limitation of the Study

Some of the major problem has been encounter while conducting this survey are listed as
follows:
 The methodology use in the study may not appropriate
 The negligence of respondent’s in filling the questionnaire.
 The Books written regarding to students orientation towards business and
entrepreneurial traits were not readily available in sufficient quality.
 Findings are based on sample and thus the sample may not be representative of whole
population.
The researcher has been reduced the above problems through selecting appropriate
research methodology and by referring least numbers of related documents.

1.6 Significance of the study

Significance of the study was to analyze factors influencing students attitude about
entrepreneurship, make students aware about the merits of business and being one’s own
boss .aware the latent entrepreneurial talent in students and peruse the path, serve as a
reference for future researcher, to the society are reduce social problems and
unemployment in the material level and to create job opportunity and new markets. To
government important to solve various government issues like unemployment.

1.8. Organization of the Study

The research paper has five chapters. The first chapter was focused on introduction
which consists of background of the study, background of the organization, statement of
the problem, objective of the study, significance of the study, Scope of study, limitation
of the study and organization of the study. The second chapter emphasized on review of
related literature, which is briefly discuss about the definition and concepts of
entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship and other related concepts. The third chapter

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consisted of methodology of the study, the fourth chapter focused on data analysis and
presentation and the last chapter was deals on conclusion and recommendation of the
study.

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 CHAPTER-TWO

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation

The word entrepreneur originates from the French word “Entitreprendre” which means”
to undertake” or “go between” In business context, it implies to start a business.
Entrepreneur is one who originates, manages and assumes the risk of a business or
enterprises. The concept entrepreneur has a wide range of meaning, on one extreme and
entrepreneur is a person of very high attitude who pioneers changes, possessing
characteristics found in any small fractions of the population. On the other way it means
anyone who wants to work for him or herself is considered to be an entrepreneur. (David
M.C. Cleland; 2012) P.284
An entrepreneurship also defined as the process creating something different with value
by devoting the necessary time and effort, assuming the accompanying financial and
personal satisfaction in the book under the title entrepreneurship starting development
and managing new enterprises (Robert C.j 2005; P.174).

2.2 What mean Entrepreneurs?

An entrepreneur is a state of mind that people which to create a new firm or a new value
deriver inside existing organizations. It is driving force of the entrepreneurial activity.
Research on entrepreneurial activity makes an inquiry in to why some people choose to
be self-employed or start their own business while others prefer traditional salary based
jobs. In sum there are numerous aspects to the study of entrepreneurial in each addressing
different facts of international entrepreneurial activity. (Aizen’s (2002)

2.3 Entrepreneurial Attitude theories

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There are mainly six theories of attitude. They are in order of their chorological
development: learning theory, functional theories, the cognitive dissonance theory, self-
perception theories, social judgment theories and attribution theory (Mostynm 2005)

1. Learning theory
Attitudes are farmed through a simple stimulus-response of pattern according to learning
theories. Based on lawn’s field theory it is assumed that the individual is exposed to
various attitude which create a pressure of in a pressure in the environmental space.
Attitudes can potentiality reinforces the way to think (Mostyn, 2005).
Learning can be seen as adaptation to the condition necessary for survival an ability to
benefit from the change and from new conditions. Learning also requires continuity,
because a good learner has to make use of his or her previous experiences to adapt to new
conditions (Kara, 2009).

2. Functional theories
According to functionalists’ attitude emerge out of the motivational system to serve a
function and they are change when the individual find that the attitude in question is no
longer functional, For example, new attitude may be adapted because it will increase
reward such as social approval or a new attitude may be an expression of aggression or
guilt. This functionalist assumes those attitudes are based in the basic need of the
individual and can only be really understood on the level of psychological motivation
(Mastyn, 2005).
3. Cognitive Dissonance theory
This refer is situation of contradictory attitudes, beliefs or behaviors. This in turn result
feeling of discomfort leading to change the attitude, beliefs or behaviors to reduce the
discomfort (Mclead, 2014).
The individual is portrayed as someone constantly striving to maintain his equilibrium
dissonance is the state of disequilibrium. Thus in order to maintain his own sense of
balance will adopt the attitudes of those around him to exist harmoniously. Attitude
change comes about when he perceives an inconsistency, a dissonance which makes him
uncomfortable, he resolve the tension by changing his attitudes. Inconsistency among
one’s attitude can come about for a variety of reasons for most among these are:

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environmental changes: occupying two or more social role-parent and doctor, forced
compliance situations– enforced working group: or adopting new attitude which conflict
significantly with others (Mostyn, 2005).

4. Self Perception theory

Developed by social psychologist Dairly Bem Self-perception theory claims that people
come to know their own attitudes, beliefs, and other internal states by interring them from
their own behavior and the circumstance under which they occur. So a student who
constantly reads psychology boat is may infer an interest in psychology. Thus, people
simply use their behavior and the circumstances in which it occur to infer their own
beliefs and attitudes (International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, 2008).
Simply stated Bem’s view was that the individual infers his attitudes by observing his
own behaviors, thus attitude are an outgrowth of actual behavior.
Therefore, this theory stated that the individual farms, his original attitude and changes or
modifies his existing attitude on the basis of observing or being aware of his own actions
(Mostyn, 2005).
5. Social Judgment theories
Social judgment theory is a self-persuasion theory purposed by Carolyn Sheriff, Muzafer
sheriff and Carl Holland. This theory defined as the perception and evaluation of an idea
by comparing it with current attitude. According to this theory, an individual weight
every new idea, comparing it with the individual’s present point of view to determine
where that it states should be placed on the attitude scale in an individual’s mind
(Wikipedia, 2016).
6. Attribution theory
Attribution theory is based on the assumption that the individual does not change his
attitudes but rather discovers what they are. If is further assumed that causal attribution
far one’s own performance affect the subsequent behavior (Mostlyn, 2005). This theory
assumes that people try to determine why people do what they do, a person seeking to
Understand why another person did something may attributes one or more causes to that
behavior (university of Twente, 2010).

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Generally it can be concluded that attitude can emerged from one’s own or may
influenced by environmental factors to stay at equilibrium to satisfy one’s own need.
The above theories also indicated that attitude can be changed by one’s own motivation
or through the influence of the surrounding environment. This indicates that students
attitude toward entrepreneurship can be improved when the environmental factors are
favorable to entrepreneurial activity.

2.4 Essential Entrepreneurial attitude

It is not true that successful entrepreneurs are born that way, infect; any one can be
successful entrepreneur. However, there are some specific entrepreneurial traits a person
must have to be successful in the field of business of course entrepreneurship is not for
everyone.
But with these particular character traits, you can really have what it takes to succeed in
the highly competitive world of business, what are those essential entrepreneurial traits
that anyone who is interested in starting a business must possess.
 Independence: an entrepreneur has a strong sense of independence and will
march forward with a purposes and that is to earn money through his own means
and hard work.
 Persistence and determination: these are fueled during design to achieve his
goal of succeeding in his chosen field of business.
 Self-confidence: Along with independence of an entrepreneur possess self-
confidence.
 Creativity: creative people are naturally curious, inquisitive, bright and highly
flexible when thinking. They keenly observe their environment and have an eye
or spotting new friends that could potentially be as business opportunity.
 Organized and goal oriented: All efforts must be focused towards achieving the
goal. (Fishbone. M; 2002; PP 179-211)

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 2.5 Personality characteristics of successful entrepreneurs
The Most important characters for success as an entrepreneur are
- Perseverance and patience.
- Desire and willingness to take the initiative.
- Competitiveness.
- Self- reliance and Self-confidence.
- Willingness to take risk
- Desire to create and innovation
- Ability to read effectively
- Being well organized and a need for power.

2.6 Entrepreneurship Education

To forge ahead with entrepreneurship education seems imperative for the health and
wellbeing of a nation. There is a consensus among researchers that entrepreneurship
education under rapid growth. There is also consult that, despite the growth in
entrepreneurship education, little information can be found.
Different schools or traditions of research begin for the different patterns of expansion.
The agents of the field agree that entrepreneurship has positive effects. These effects are
pointed out in a wide range of areas. Ayttti (2001) P 103 argues that the positive views
are so dominant that it might be even socially unacceptable think negatively. Through
this positive attitude do not necessary correlate with actual activities when it comes to
business starts ups. They assumed a positive effect of entrepreneurship has been
questioned. (Hennery ND Hill, 2008; PP 346-347).

2.7 Business startup as educational goal

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There are so general agreements that entrepreneurship education is, must be rather than
shall be. It is described perhaps the most important economic development mechanisms.
To succeed in this entrepreneurship education must be concerned with learning and
facilitating for entrepreneurship no about it “Doing” is more than “thinking” knowledge
has to be converted in to solutions that benefits customers in the market place. (Formiea
2002: P.171) The learning must be personal, practical and experimental trough discovery.

2.8 Business orientation

The concept of business orientation has only been generally defined by the popular press
and has not been operational and tested as to it, proposed impact on an organization.
Definition from the popular point views, business orientation is” an Individual that
emphasis business and process oriented way of thinking “and it is awareness towards the
business world related venture”.
Business orientation projects has been established business related career interests bean
more about the working of the business world and related ventures. Business orientation
sessions are facilities by minority business professionals who bring the class room made
range of knowledge and ability in the areas of management, Accounting. Marketing,
sales and entrepreneurship. This programme provides students with an opportunity to
learn first had what it takes to successes in various career paths in the realisms of
business. Over the years, students have expressed that the basic skills and business
knowledge which they acquired through the business orientation project to has helped
them to understand the necessary steps it tables to own business choose a career path and
business professionals (Researcher tracker and kolkereid; 2007; P 108).

2.9 literature Argument and summary

In a nutshell of above all entrepreneurial attitude theory, Entrepreneurial attitude is how
the students think and own ability, knowledge and skill their initiative in regarding
creation of business after graduation.
Entrepreneurial attitude have a high need for achievement and achiever will choose
situation that are characterized by individual responsibility, own ability, moderate risk

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taking and knowledge of result of decision new instrumental activity and anticipation of
future possibilities.

CHAPTER THREE

Research design

3.1 Study area

The study area of the research was conducted on south nation nationality people of
Ethiopia located region of Wolkite University on students especially graduating class of
business and Economics College.

3.2 Research approach

This study is designed to explain entrepreneurial attitude of students through different
theory. Therefore this study has been classified as qualitative study as it tries to
investigate how attitude affect student actual performance, because due to its popularity
in allowing the collection of a large amount data from sizeable population in highly
economical way. Data was collected by taking different methods and data obtains by
using a both structured and un structured questionnaire administered to a sample these
data are standardizing, allowing easy comparison.

3.3 Unit of analysis

The researcher conduct the study by using both primary and secondary data and analyzed
by using different methods like percentage, tables, different distribution table. I
recommend to Wolkite University in college of business and economics to apply what I
identify prospects problem to solve existing problem.

3.4 Target population, sample size and sampling technique

In the college of business and economics there were a total number of 355 regular
students in the three departments; management, accounting and finance and economics
with total students of 125, 124 and 106 respectively. The study has been conducted on

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those three departments of regular students only. To draw representative sample size
from the total regular students of college of business and economics also abbreviated as
(CBE) the researcher was used the probability sampling techniques. As the sample
probability the researcher selected 78 samples from the total of regular students of 355.
To determine sample size we use Yamane’s formula of sample size determination.

n=N/ (1+N (e) 2, where n=sample size

N=total population

E=level of precision or error

If 10% is selected as an error

n = N/ (1+N (e) 2
n = 355/ (1+355(0.1) 2 =78

To select the sample from the department’s strata was. For strata:

N1 =78(125)/355 =27 students from Management

N2 =78(124)/ 355 = 27 students from Accounting and Finance

N3=78(106)/355 = 24 students from Economics

The total sample size selected is 78 individuals. The researcher also uses simple random
sampling technique to present equal chance for each respondent during distributing
questionnaire in order to collect data.

3.5 Research time horizon

To answer the research questions, the researcher would used cross-sectional study
designs that are commonly used in social sciences. Because it is useful in obtaining an
overall picture as it stands at the time of the study. Since it involves only one contact with
the study population, it is comparable cheap to undertake.
3.6 Type and source of data

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The researcher have been used both primary and secondary source of data in order to
gather necessary data regarding the subject of the study from university students

3.7 Data collection instruments

The primary data was collected through structured and unstructured questionnaire
distribution to respondents, because due to high number of respondents it is not
appropriate to use other than questionnaire technique, structured interview. In addition to
primary data the secondary data would be also collected from different sources such as
internet and other documents.

3.8 Data analysis and interpretations

The researcher has been present the collected data in tabular and percentage form in order
to make the study easy. The analysis of data was organized in tables using percentage to
put or to present some part of the data by using pie chart, tables and percentage
computations. In this study descriptive analysis has been used because its simplicity and
clarity to draw conclusions. The method which would use for collecting data of the study
includes primary and secondary data sources. Primary data was collected only though
questionnaire. In order to achieve and attain the aim of this paper, the researcher has used
both qualitative and quantitative data type.
Understandable by using descriptive method which describes the relationship between
numbers and percentage of respondents after the necessary data is collected, the data will
edited, summarized and analyzed.

3.9 Research ethical considerations

The research would be free from unethical behavior means that the aggressiveness and
hostility side so as to getting respondents consent and allowing them to leave any time
they want. And also the researcher has been politely ask employee of organization and
give high degree of politeness for target study to conduct and the information will

17
delivers to the subject of the study only those but also the information obtains from
respondent in the study has been kept confidentially.

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 CHAPTER –FOUR
4. DATA ANALYSIS, INTERPRETATION AND PRESENTATION
The general purpose of the study was to assess the overall entrepreneurial attitudes and
business orientation of Wolkite University students. In doing so questionnaires that
consists of 18 items was prepared. The data gathered were presented and interpreted one
after the other. All the data presented, analyzed and interpreted here are obtained from
questionnaires. The questionnaires are filled by Wolkite University students. These
questions were divided in to three parts as it is shown on the back of the paper. The first
part which consists of four questions, designed to assess the entrepreneurial attitudes of
the students. The second part which consists of five questions designed to know the
business orientation of the students and the third part, which consists of 9 questions
designed to assess the existing social, economic and political conditions of the country.
The questionnaires were organized based on the sequences which were provided in the
questionnaire a total of 78 respondents were taken to fill the questionnaires. Among 78
questionnaires distributed only 11 questionnaires were not collected. This means 67
respondents were properly filled the questionnaires and giving a response rate of 86%.
4.1 Responses towards entrepreneurial attitudes of students.
4.1.1 Entrepreneurial attitudes of business students
When asked, being a business student what is your response in the following
entrepreneurial attitudes? They responded as follows:-

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Table 4. 1 Entrepreneurial attitudes of business students

Low High
Category Total N % N %
Human relation skills 67 26 38.80% 41 61.19%
Ability to make decision 67 23 34.32% 44 65.67%
Communication skills 67 25 37.31% 42 62.68%
Persistence 67 30 44.77% 37 55.22%
Self-discipline 67 47 70.14% 20 29.85%
Creativity 67 36 53.73% 31 46.26%
Source: compiled from questionnaires 2018
From table one above it can be seen that the three highest scores for the most developed
attitudes among business students were arranged from highest to the lowest as follows:-
- Ability to make decision scored total of 65.67% (44) of are high.
- Communication skills (scored total of 62.68% (42) of high and.
- Human relation skills (scored total of 61.19%(41) of the total students
The most developed among business students was ability to make decision score 65.67%
(44). Form the three. Most developed attitude more than 60% of respondents obtained
high scores. It implies that most of the business students have the ability to make
decision, communication skills and Human relation skills.
From the above table 1 the lowest scored attitudes were arranged from lowest to highest
as of follows.
- Self-discipline scored a total of 70.14% (47) of low.
- Creativity scored a total a proportion of 53.73% (36%) of low and
- Persistence scored a total of 44.77% (30) of low.
Surprisingly self-discipline ranked the firs from below. This shows that business students
are not developed in the attitude of self-discipline.
Generally as we can see from the data most of the business students are developed in the
attitude of decision making, communication skills and human relation and in contrast
they are poor in the attitudes of self-discipline, creativity and persistence.

III
4.1.2 Educational business knowledge
Responses of students how much the course provide students required to start new
business is as follows.

Table 4. 2 Knowledge’s from the courses of entrepreneurship

Item students
N %
Yes 39 58.20%
No 28 41.79%
Total 67 100%
Source: Compiled from questionnaires2018

As the table indicate that students respond 58.20 %( 39) of students were believe in
receiving this course and most of students above 50 % (58,20%) It implies that important
receiving entrepreneurial courses as part of university education is important to start new
business company. It is considered essentially by almost students for an ideal
entrepreneur.
4.1.3 The attitudes of students toward start new business.

Table 4.3 How interested are students in setting up their own business?
Business students
Item N %
Most interested 45 67.16%
More interested 15 22.38%
Less interested 7 10.44%
Total 67 100%
Source: compiled from questionnaires2018

IV
As described in the above table to measure the entrepreneurial altitude towards to start
the business, it adapted scale to measure all items on these point with the levels most
interest, more interest and less interest. 67.16% (45) of business students responded most
interested and the left percentage composition of respondents responded more interested
and less interested with each percentage of 22.38% (15) and 10.44% (7) respectively. It
implies that the majority of students more considered in the level of most interesting in
setting up their own business.
Students are higher in starting new business for their own that is why, business students
have the knowledge (access) how to start new business. Generally most of the students
recognized as important for setting up new business. So this shows that students in higher
educational institutions are most interested in setting up of new business for their own.
4.1.4 Creative motivation for new business.
The attitudes of students how much the creative atmosphere can inspire us to develop
ideas for new business.

Table 4.4 Creative motivation for new business

Business students
Item Responses

N %
Can the creative atmosphere to Yes 47 70.14%
develop ideas for new No 20 29.85%
business Total 67 100
Source: Compiled from questionnaires2018

As the table above shows 70.14% (47) of Business students responded ‘yes” and 29.85%
(20) of respondents responded ‘no’. And 70.14% (47) of the business students believe
that the creative atmosphere inspires them to develop ideas for new business. This
indicates that the majority of the students believing that the creative atmosphere inspire
them to develop ideas for new business.

V
 4.2 AN OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS ORIENTATION OF WOLKITE
UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

4.2.1. Their business knowledge and sources of their knowledge

Table4. 5 Sources of business knowledge of students

Business students
Item Responses N %
Do you have Yes 55 82.08%
enough knowledge 12 17.91%
About business? No
Total 67 100%
From where you have Education 27 40.29%
got? Talked with business 9 13.43%
person
Experience from 19 28.35%
parents
None 12 17.91%
Total 67 100%
Source; Compiled from questionnaires2018

4.2.1.1 Business knowledge of students

Students were asked whether they have enough knowledge about business or not. As it
has shown in the table above, 82.08 %( 55) of business students responded as they have
enough knowledge about business while only 17.91 %( 12) of them responded as they do
not have enough knowledge about business. Generally it implies that students are more
familiar in having enough knowledge about business.

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4.2.1.2 Sources of business knowledge’s of students

As depicted in the above table 40.29% (27) of business student responded that they have
got their business knowledge from education and 13.43% (9), 28.35% (19) of the students
have got their business knowledge from tasked with business persons and experience,
from parents respectively. 17.91% (12) of the business students have got their business
knowledge form neither of the above sources. This implies that most of the students have
got their business knowledge from Education. So it is possible to say that majority of
students in higher educational institution get their business knowledge from education
rather than talked with business persons and experience from parents.

4.2.3Business vision of students

When asked, in principle the students do ever envision of their self-running their own
business (or they already in business for their selves) they responded as follows.

Table 4. 6 Business vision of students

Item Business students
N %
Yes certainly 37 55.22%
May be 12 17.91%
No 9 13.43%
1 am already in 9 13.43%
business
Total 67 100%
Source; compiled from questionnaires

Over 55% of the business students would consider going in to business for themselves.
This indicates that majority of students are in vision of going in to business for
themselves. 13.43 (9) of business students are already in business. So it implies the
majority of students who are in vision of going in to business for themselves

VII
 4.2.4 Family /relative business
When asked whether there is a business person in their family or relatives the students
responded as follows.

Table 4. 7 students Families’ Business

Item Business students

N %
Yes 31 46.26%
No 36 53.73%
Total 67 100
Source; Compiled from questionnaires2018

As the above table indicates, 46.26% (31) students responded ‘yes’ and 53.73% (36) of
them responded ‘no’. It implies that having family’s or relative’s business does not
enhance the business attitude of students.

Table 4.8 attitude of students after drop out from university

Item Business students

N %
To start business 32 47.05%
To continue evening education 15 22.38%

To employee in organization 11 16.41%

Other 9 13.43%
Source: Compiled from questionnaires2018

The majority of students would consider starting a business having 47.05% of

respondents. On the other hand, students have scored options of 22.38% (15) to continue
evening education after drop out from university. This implies that students have some

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knowledge about the business they have the intention to start a business, if they drop out
form the university.
4.2.5 Role model by Students
When asked whom do you consider the best role model they responded as follows.

Table 4. 9 Considerations by students as good role model

Item Business students

N %
Sportsman 15 22.38
Politician 9 13.43
Intellectuals 20 29.85
Artists 14 20.89
Business persons 9 13.43
Total 67 100
Source; Compiled from questionnaires2018

In the above table it was described the intellectuals (29.85%) were recognized best role
model for students. Business persons were ranked last role models by students, but more
of the students (13.43%) were considered business persons as their role model than of
other. Generally it implies that, although students have good idea about the business, they
modeled by intellectuals. The reason is that it brings them respective persons and famous.

4.3 AN ASSESSMENT ON SOCIAL CULTURAL, ECONOMICAL AND

POLITICAL CONDITIONS
4.3.1 Socio-Cultural environment
Socio-cultural factors like work cultures, honesty, hard work religion language attitudes
towards business etc… have an appreciable impact for those who want to start business
when asked, about their socio cultural conditions in their environment;- they responded
as follows.

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Figure 1 Socio-cultural Environment

Source; compiled from questionnaires2018

In the above figure 3 it has been shown that, 74.4% (50) of respondents described that
business in their environment have been considered as a respected job, whereas
25.60%(17) of the respondents described that business in their environment have not
been considered as a respected job.
The reasons for respondents who said ‘no’ are as follows.
 Lack of business knowledge
 To continue education and later on to be employed in a higher organization
professionally.
 Some cultural disfavors business, for example in rural society farming has been
given more attention than business.

4.3.2 Economic environment assessment

Most of the time political ideology of the ruling government of country greatly shapes he
economic system, the government of business and entrepreneurship, when they asked
about the current economic policy. The responses are as the following proportion of
“yes” and ‘no’.

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Figure 2 Economic Environment Assessment

Source compiled from questionnaires2018

In the above figure 4 it has been shown that, 56.25 %( 38) of the respondents described
that the current Ethiopian economic policy is favorable for entrepreneurs (potential
business persons) whereas the last 43.25 %(29) of the respondents said that not Favorable
for entrepreneurs (potential business persons)
It indicates that the present economic environment is favorable for potential business
persons. It is because now a day in the market system there is government interference.

The reasons for respondents who were disfavored of the current Ethiopian economic
policy were as follows.
- High taxation
- Low (minimal incentive) for business persons
- Minimal effort for economic infrastructure development.
- Unfair regional economic development of rural and industrial areas.
- High amount of interest rate from financial institutions.
- In efficient civil service
- Fluctuation in tariffs of import export policy
- The prevalence of inflation in the economy.

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4.3.3 An assessment of political legal environment
Government plays a crucial role in the different decision making areas of business which
in turn have an impact on political business persons, when asked them the political
condition of the country they responded as flows shown in figure bellow.
Figure 3 the political legal assessments

Source: compiled from questionnaires2018

As it has shown in the figure 5 above 52.6% (35) of the respondents described that he
political or legal condition of the country was suitable for potential business persons
/entrepreneurs whereas 47.4%(32) of the respondents repeals that the political or legal
conditions prevailing in to country has not been as such suitable for potential business
persons /entrepreneurs.

The reasons for respondents who were disfavor of the political or legal conditions
existing in the country is as follows:
 Poor policies regarding a new product development such as policies regarding
patent protection, patent infringement, regulation regarding packaging, safely and
population rule etc.
 The complexity in permission of regulating agencies permission for a new plant
and building facilities.
 There are no shared objectives of government and private sectors.

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  Governance responsibilities of the government and the private sector are not
clearly put.
 Market regulation is not mostly ensuring fair competition and market efficiency.
 Dialogue between the private sector and government has not been strengthened so
that it could minimize the regulatory and governance weakness.
 Bureaucratic delays and administrative in efficiencies.

4.3.4 An assessment of how to improve the overall business orientation and

entrepreneurial attitudes of students.
An assessment on students thoughts whether the general business orientation and
entrepreneurial attitudes can be improved or not, when asked the students they responded
ass follows

Figure 4 Assessment on Improving Business attitude orientation

No
Yes
57.14% 42.86%

Source compiled from questioner2018

As shown in the figure 6 above the data shows that the majority of the students 57.14%
(38) from the total of both categories think that the general business orientation and
entrepreneurial attitudes of students can be improved. The rest of the respondents 42.86%
(29) do not think that the general business orientation and entrepreneurial attitudes of
students can be improved.
The reasons for the students who said ‘No’ are put dawn as follows;
 Students have no basic knowledge about business.

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 Economic status of the present condition does not enhance to have good business
orientation.
 The knowledge /the course/ about entrepreneur provided to students in higher
institution is not sufficient to catch up enough attitudes about business.
 Because of failures of business personal around their environment.
 Lack of encouragement in family, most families encourage their children’s /sons
and daughters/ to fit in the academic only not to fit in the business area.
So, it can be deduced that the education of students in higher level institution are not
enough to bring them with good entrepreneurial attitude and business orientation. To
be succeed students in busing education, they need more conceptual courses in
addition to the present courses.

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 CHAPTER-FIVE
5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1. CONCLUSION
The main objective of this study is to assess the entrepreneurial attitudes and business
orientation of Wolkite University students. Along with this the study assesses the social
economic and poletical (legal) conditions prevailing in the country.
During the study is conducting the researchers used primary data. The targeted
populations were 355 students and also their selections were 78 students. The data were
collected through a questionnaire and analyzed based on both qualitative and quantities
expressions. The finding on entrepreneurial attitudes of students showed as follows.
The three most developed attitude among students were:
1. Ability to make decision
2. Communication skills and
3. Human relation skills.
The three least developed attitudes among students were:
1. Self-discipline
2. Creativity
3. Persistence
The ability to make decision and creativity were significantly (high) scored significantly
higher for persistence alone. my finding regarding to attitudes show that four of the sixth
entrepreneurial attitude under investigation, students exhibited the higher score. With
regard to the other entrepreneurial attitudes he finding depicted that three entrepreneurial
attitudes were under investigation.
1. Educational business knowledge
2. The attitudes of students towards start business
3. Creative motivation for new business.
Generally we can say that students developed possess most of the attitudes students.
The Finding on business orientation students were better on the following items
- Vision for business

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 - Business knowledge
- Starting business after drop out from universe
- By considering business barns as their role model.
Generally among the five questions, prepared for business orientation, the four questions
were better scored by students. This shows that students were more business oriented. To
sum up out analysis shows those students were more business oriented and they are
considered to the potential business persons. On the other hand the Finding on social
economical and legal conditions shows that there is good social economic and political
(legal) conditions for the flourishing of business according to the students believe. But
still there are some problems which may need corrective actions such as.
 Social problems
 Lack of business knowledge
 Preference on education than business
 Economic problems
 High fixation
 Minimal effort for economy’s infrastructures development
 The prevalence of inflation
 Fluctuation on economic policy
 Political (legal) problem
 The complexity in permission of regulatory agencies
 Dialogue between he private sector and government has not been
strengthened.
 Bureaucratic delay’s and administrate in efficiencies.
 Even though he above problems were need a corrective actions, the existing
prospect for business is good.

5.2. Recommendations
This research finding has important implications for all stake holders who are involved in
entrepreneurship education and fostering business ventures. It is believed that the

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entrepreneurial attitudes, which seem to be lest developed, should be addressed in a
responsible manner. The following least developed attitudes by students need to be
exonerated and developed.
1. Ability to make decision
2. Communication skills
3. Human relation skills and
4. Persistence
Through adopting curriculum and implementation practical initiatives the students can be
given the opportunity to develop these attitudes. Attention thus should be given to
creation of learning environment where these skills are fostered and fur there developed.
Based on empirical results, it is evident that ins ohm cases students from both streams
possess different on the pericardial attitudes and some attitudes are more developed in
one stream in relation to another. The reasons for these differences should be identified as
they could provide possible solutions as how to develop these attitudes in stream where
they are less developed.
It is imperative that the university students should pay attention to skill development,
with particular emphases on those of an entrepreneurial nature. Entrepreneurs are not
necessary born with the required characterizes. Those characteristics can, however, be
acquired through education life experiences.

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XVIII
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• Wolkite University register office population data (Dec, 2018) and Yamane
(1965) the sample size determination formula provides.

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