© March 2022| IJIRT | Volume 8 Issue 10 | ISSN: 2349-6002

Structural Design of Aluminium Formwork Used in

Highrise Building

Sanket S. Desai1, Dr. V. R. Rathi2

P.G. Student, Pravara Rural Engineering College, Loni, Maharashtra, India1
Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Pravara Rural Engineering College, Loni, Maharashtra, India2

Abstract - The role of Formwork is important for project duration, project cost and the quality of the
concrete to harden in the desired shape. Formwork is the work.
temporary or permanent support structure/mould into I.INTRODUCTION
which concrete is poured. It is also known as centring or
shuttering to gain strength and durability. In every year the construction industry provides new
The aluminium formwork construction method is 25-
techniques up to date. The aluminium formwork
year older methods in Europe countries. but this method
construction technique is a new technique in the
of construction is new type in India. This method is
fastest construction compare with another present work construction industry. This type of construction
is deal with design, construction period and estimation. provides speed, high strength and quality of the
In Aluminium formwork all members are constructed structure. Aluminium formwork another name is
using concrete, which consist of only walls and slab. Mivan technology.
Framed structure is beam, column, and slab. The wall is The construction industry is one of the biggest
250mm thick brickwork. Present work selects same plan industries in the whole world. The contribution of this
of structure and compare structural design, estimation industry towards the global GDP is enormous. In
and project duration in aluminium formwork and
recent years due to globalization and advancement in
conventional method. Construction is one of the
technologies there has been a tremendous
significant sectors of Indian economy and is an integral
part of the development. Today India’s urban population development in the construction industry. However,
is the second largest in the world and its future despite of the boom in construction activities the
development leads to increased demand for housing to scenario on the housing front remains far from
cope with this problem India should desperately need to satisfactory.
plan for acquisition of land and rapid creation of This type of construction is a successful construction
dwelling units. One of the most important factors in in East Asia and European countries. This type
determining the success of a construction project in construction used in part of Burj Kalifa in Dubai.
terms of speed, quality, cost and safety of work is the
Aluminium formwork construction is a load bearing
formwork used in the project as it accounts about 1 to
structure and wall is construction of reinforced cement
2% of the total project cost of the structure and this
material is used for 300 times of repetition . concrete.
When considering a construction project both the client Aluminum formwork consists of high strength RCC
and contractor want to finish the job early as the client wall. The load carried by RCC wall. This is more
wants to use the building for the intended purpose as earthquake resistance compare to framed structure.
soon as possible. The contractor wants to finish the Aluminum is a high strength material and long life
construction as soon as possible to gain a higher profit. compares with wood and plywood. Aluminium
The most efficient way to speed up the work in mass formwork is no need to provide wall plastering
housing construction is by achieving a very short floor
whereas Framed structure need wall plastering. Due to
cycle. The floor cycle of a building mainly depend on the
ever increasing population in countries there is an
formwork type, as it is the main time factor of a building
project. The aim of present study is to about the existing overgrowing demand for housing. Now keeping in
formwork system used in mass housing construction in view the gigantic task of providing affordable shelter
Tamil nadu and to show how each one will affect the to masses, adoption of modern and cost effective
technology assumes greater significance.

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1.1Advantages of Aluminium Formwork

Aluminium Formwork System is highly suited to load
bearing wall construction whereas traditional
formwork consisting of plywood and timber is not
suitable to the high pressures of fresh concrete on the
wall.
a. Cost: Use of this formwork in load bearing design Figure 1.1 :- Rocker
gives an average of 15 per cent cost saving in the
structure of the building and increased usable B) Wall panel (W):- start 50 mm above from floor
floor space of 8 per cent over RCC design. level, Standard fabrication drawing Width varies from
b. Time: For 100 per cent work, construction 50 to 600 mm, Some std lengths-2050, 2250, 2400,
through slab beam wall construction takes X time 2450 etc. Or vary as per project.
and through Aluminium Formwork technology
the time required is 1/6th of the X time.
c. Environment Friendly: The technology is
environment friendly as there is no use of timber.
The formwork gives the box or cellular design
resulting in the walls giving support to the super
structure in two directions. As a result, the
structures are more resistant to earthquakes than
the traditional RCC column and beam designs.
d. Lifting: As the Aluminium Formwork is Figure 1.2 :- Wall Panel
lightweight, no tower cranes are required for the
same unlike in tunnel framework. C) IC,ICL,ICR:- Section 100x100 ,start 50mm above
e. Labours: Due to simplicity of the assembly, only from floor level ,standard fabrication drawing.
unskilled labors are required with minimal
supervision.
f. Repetitions: The Aluminium Formwork System is
removable and can be reused hundreds of times
with little maintenance.
g. Scrap Value: Moreover, the requirement of steel
is also reduced in this technology as aluminum
has a higher scrap value.

1.2Limitation of Aluminium Formwork

Figure 1.3 :- Internal Corner
• High initial investment cost.
• More number of components. D) SB :- Beam bottom panel, standard fabrication
• High repair cost of Aluminium forms. drawing, use when beam width more than
• Probability of theft is more. 200mm,beam width = panel width, maximum length
• Segregation and stocking required more space. up to 800 mm.

1.3Component of Aluminium Formwork

A) RK:- mostly start from floor level, rarely start from
different level, standard fabrication drawing, width
varies from 50 to 600 mm, hieght 50mm but it can
changeable based on project.

Figure 1.4 :- Beam Bottom Panel

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E) CP:- Channel with single prop at Centre, standard II.RELATED WORK

fabrication drawing,a<=200
Aarti Nanasaheb Kote. et.al. [2009]
The aluminum formwork system was developed by the
Malaysian Company, which is why the alumin
formwork technology is named after it Mivan is
coming up with new construction technology for the
successful complete ion of a mass housing project in
India. In this project, we discussed the cost
Figure 1.5 :- Channel Prop
Comparison of Mivan technology with conventional
construction technology. The technology of Mivan is
F)PH:- Sheet panel with single prop at Centre, mostly
absolutely fine with cost, quality and time saving as
uses at beam junctions, fabrication drawing by design
compare to conventional. Outcome for this paper,
department.
Compared to the conventional method, construction
costs with MIVAN formwork are by Approximately
1to 2% of total cost of structure is used for 300 times
of repetition for structure.[1]

Sandip.P.Pawar. et.al. [2014]

One of the most important factors in determing the
success of a construction project in terms of speed,
Figure 1.6:- Prop Head
quality cost and safety of work is the formwork used
in the project as it accounts about 1 to 2% of the total
G)KICKER:-
project cost of the structure. When considering a
construction project both the client and contractor
want to finish the job early as the client wants to use
the building for the intended purpose as soon as
possible. The contractor wants to finish the
construction as soon as possible to gain a higher profit.
Figure 1.7 :- Kicker The most efficient way to speed up the work in high-
rise building construction is by achieving a very short
H)Formwork Structure floor cycle. The floor cycle of a building mainly
depend on the formwork type as it is the main time
factor of a building project. The aim of this paper is to
present about the existing formwork types in
Maharashtra and to show each one will affect the
project duration, project cost and the quality of the
work. For that a research has been carried out and
outcome of this paper, when the aluminum formwork
is used in the construction project, the total project cost
and the duration of the project is lesser than the other
formwork types.[2]

Kushal Patil. et.al. [2015]

The Mivan technology is absolutely fine with cost,
quality and time saving as compare to conventional. In
this project we have taken a review from the people
Figure 1.8 :- Mock of Aluminium Formwork
who are occupying the houses constructed by mivan
technology to get the feedback from occupant on

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mivan technology. The project also include remedial Mr. Amol S. Deshmukh. et.al. [2016]
measure for one of the defect in mivan technology i.e. For any successful project there should be proper
segregation while placing the concrete resulting planning, detailed thinking, and good management.
honeycombing in shear walls by using “Master Along with that construction methodology &
Glenium ACE 30JP” admixture. outcome of this technology is also very important nowadays. In
paper, mivan technology is the need of time to solve construction one of the important factors is formwork.
the problems of mega housing projects in India.[3] The cost of formworks is much higher than we
consider it in project cost; it is around 20-25% of the
N.Kalithasan1. et.al. [2016] project cost. The quality of construction mostly
The aluminium formwork construction method is 25 depends on the formwork used. Now a day to cast
year older methods in Europe countries. But this RCC load bearing structure in a monolithic way,
method of construction is new type in India. This advance formwork technologies like Tunnel
method is fastest construction compare another formwork, Aluminium formwork and Doka formwork
type.Our project is to compare than design, is used. It includes the walls, beams and the slab to be
construction period and estimation. In Aluminium cast monolithically. This paper aimed at studying the
formwork all members are constructed using concrete, Tunnel Formwork and Aluminium Formwork and
which consist of only walls and slab. Framed structure compare on basis of time & cost parameters. outcome
is beam, column, and slab. The wall is 250mm thick of this paper, Completion in 1/3th time than that by
brickwork. This project selects same plan of structure Aluminium Formwork system). Hence in long term
and compare structural design, estimation and project consideration Tunnel formwork system is beneficial
duration in aluminium formwork and conventional than that of Aluminium Formwork system.[6]
method. outcome of this paper, project time is half of
framed structure. So, consider reducing labour cost in Pathan Majead H. et.al. [2019]
aluminium structure. And another think Aluminium Man from the start of time is known to have
formwork structure is more strength and earthquake construction etiquettes. In the high-rise buildings, the
resist compare than framed structure.[4] core is one of the most important elements in such
enormous structures. Fast and efficient construction of
K.Loganathan . et.al. [2016] the concrete core of a high-rise building is essential to
The selection of a suitable formwork system in high- maintain phased progress on other parts of the
rise building construction is a crucial factor to success building. Formwork is one of the most important
the project on time. So the selecting a suitable factors in determining the success of a construction
formwork system to affects the entire construction project in terms of speed, quality, cost and safety of
cost, time and quality of construction. The objective of work as it accounts about forty percent of the total
this study is to identify the different formworks used project cost of the structure. In high rise building
for the construction of high-rise building. And also construction, the most efficient way to speed up the
analyzing the advantages, limitations and site-specific work is by achieving a very short floor cycle. That
problems in usages of such formwork in tall building. directly depends on the selected formwork for the
For that, five ongoing projects are selected and data is construction. The formwork development is equally
collected to identify how each type will affect the important to the development of concrete in the
project cost, project duration and project quality from construction industry. Nowadays extra effort has been
selection of formwork. This will helpful for the put to improve the design of shuttering which
contractor to choose appropriate formworks for ultimately leads to the reduction in weight. Apart from
construction project. outcome of this paper, initial cost the primary materials of conventional techniques, the
for aluminum formwork is high when compared to materials are now extended to aluminum, plastic, fibre
other types. While comparing with duration, glass, etc. Significant use of advanced formwork is
productivity, quality and repetition, aluminum suitable for complex construction processes and
formwork is an effective technique for mass provides best results in cost effectiveness. This project
construction project.[5] describes the comparative analysis of conventional
formwork and modern formwork techniques.[7]

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L Ravi Kumar. et.al. [2019] formwork cost gets reduced to nearly 20- 25 %. The
Computer Aided “Analysis, design and estimation of safety and efficiency of the work get improved to 10-
RC Shear Walls G PLUS 13 Multi-Storied Residential 15%.[9]
Building” involves analysis of building frames by
using STAAD Pro. Conventional method of analysis Prasad Kolekar. et.al. [2020]
involves lot of complications and tedious calculations In this day, to fulfill the need of shelter of population
such analysis is a time-consuming task. Analysis can growth and increasing industrialization, fastest
be made quickly by using software’s. STAAD Pro is construction need at the short time. In construction
the leading design software in the market. Many industry Formwork act upon key role in construction.
design companies use this software for their project It constitutes 60% time and 40% cost of the total
design purposes. Hence this project mainly deals with project value. We know the difficulties& wastage in
the analysis of the building by using STAAD Pro , construction by using conventional formwork system.
drafting by AutoCAD, Architecture design by REVIT So there is New Technology invented named Mivan
architecture and Estimation done by the MS excel. Formwork System. In this paper we done with detailed
Outcome of this paper , this type of formwork saves study of Conventional Formwork firstly and after that
time ,cost & gives strength of structure.[8] we passed out so many Drawbacks for this Formwork.
Then we started detailed study of Mivan Formwork
Israth Ansari Shaik. et.al. [2019] system and overcome the drawbacks of conventional
Nowadays due to the globalization has brought a lot of formwork system so that we are achieved final
changes in the ways of construction across the globe conclusion of the paper Mivan Formwork is cost
because the spread of newer and innovative effective, time efficient and produces better quality if
technologies across the communities in the world has the quantum of work is more.[10]
become simple and the cross-border knowledge
sharing has become faster and accurate. Formwork, Objectives Of Study
which temporary structure, help in mounding of Present study aims to prove, for mass housing low-
concrete into desired shape Support the loads imposed rise constructions, Aluminium Formwork System will
on it holds as well as underpins wet cement till the time be the best suitable formwork system in terms of
it fixes, is a critical component in development. This Safety, Quality, Cost and Duration over the
investigation plans to look at benefits and negative conventional formwork system.
marks by utilizing a regular timber Formwork Monolithic construction of load bearing walls and
framework, Reusable Plastic /PVC/Aluminum slabs in concrete produces structurally superior quality
Formwork System, Table Form/Flying Form systems, with very few constructions joined compared to the
Jump Form System Slip Form Systems and Permanent conventional column and beam slabs construction
Insulated Formwork Systems in the construction combined with filter brick work or block work
industry in developed countries has improved the subsequently covered by plaster.
standard of the construction industry. One of the most Aluminium formwork aim to maximize the used of
important factors in the determining understand the modern construction techniques and equipment on its
recent advancements in the Formwork systems with entire project. The aluminium formwork system can
reference to their technological advantages over the achieve not only faster rate of construction but can also
traditional Formwork systems and to compare and bring down the structural cost by 1 to 2% percent over
analyze the impacts of the advancements in the the conventional method with lesser labour input.
Formwork systems over the traditional Formwork
systems on the construction project management. III.METHODOLOGY
Form the above problem research has been done, are
the rectified results will present in this study. the The methodology includes collection of data from the
project quality of the work. Outcome of this paper, The site visits, interviews with project manager, site
duration of the project gets reduced to 15-20% when engineer, workers, from literature review, internet etc.
applying this advancement formwork in the The building plans, structural drawings for the
construction site. By using this advancement proposed houses are obtained from the design

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engineers. The quantity estimation of materials is The value of E for wrought alloys range between 69 to
calculated by multiplying the length, width and height 72kN/mm2. The British standards employs an E value
of the elements. The cost per unit is calculated with the equal to 70kN/mm2. This is employed for design
actual and average rates of material available in the purposes and this value is similar to that of glass. The
market. modulus of elasticity of aluminium will decrease in a
steady manner with an increase in temperature. This
3.1Physical Properties of Aluminium Construction drops from 67 to 59 kN/mm2 from a temperature of
Material:- 100 to 200 degree Celsius respectively. The Poisson's
There are certain essential physical properties of ratio is higher than that considered for the steel. This
aluminium, which is essential for the design. is based on the experiments and the researches
A) Weight of Aluminium Metal considered. The value of shear modulus is given by: G
The density of aluminium is 2.70g/cm 3, while this is = E/ (2(1+v); ––––––––Equation no: - 1
7.9g/cm3 for the structural steel used in construction. If the value of Poisson ratio v = 0.33, then the shear
The values of alloys that is used for the wrought modulus G = 26kN/mm2.
products will lie in the range of 2.67 – 2.80 g/cm3. An
approximate value of 2.7g/cm3 can be used in the C) Thermal Expansion of Aluminium
design also by following formula: For sections, Mass The coefficient of thermal expansion of aluminium is
= 0.0027A Kg/m and Weight = 0.027A N/m For Plate = 23.5 x 10-6oC. This value for the wrought alloys lie
sheet, Mass = 2.7t kg/m2 and Weight = 27t N/m2 in the range of 22 -24.6 x 10-6oC. A value of 23 x 10-
Here A= sectional area in millimeter square and ‘t’ is 6oC is used by the British Standards in the design of
the thickness of the plate in millimeter (mm). The structures. The value of coefficient of thermal
table-1 below shows the density of various metals expansion increase with temperature.
along with aluminium.
D) Melting Point of Aluminium
Table 3.1:-Density of Different Metals The aluminium have a melting point of 660oC under
Element Density in Density relative to pure condition. This value is 1500oC for mild steel.
(g/cm3) Al The alloys used have a lower melting point. The
Lithium Li 0.53 0.20 boiling point of the metal is 1800oC.
Magnesium Mg 1.74 0.64
Aluminium Al 2.70 1.00 E) Electrical Conductivity of Aluminium
Titanium Ti 4.51 1.67 This is a standard material used in the making of
Zinc Zn 7.13 2.64 conductors in the overhead transmission lines. This
Tin Sn 7.28 2.70 metal competes with the copper in certain
Iron Fe 7.87 2.92 applications. The resistivity of the aluminium metal at
Copper Cu 8.93 3.31 the room temperature is 2.7-ohm cm. This metal on
alloying have greater change.
Silver Ag 10.50 3.89
Lead Pb 11.34 4.20
3.2 Stages of Aluminium Formwork Technology:
Gold Au 19.28 7.15
Aluminium formwork technology consists of the
Osmium Os 22.58 8.37
following stages which are carried out in planned
manner. Each and every activity is interlinked with
B) Elastic Constants
each other. Productivity of the work will be greater
The modulus of elasticity (E) of the aluminium metal
than in conventional method. Same stages are repeated
is very low. The metal is kind of springy in nature. The
for same design of houses which are of same design.
pure aluminium at the room temperature is compared
• Wall Reinforcement
with the structural steel based on modulus of elasticity
• Wall Formwork Erection
as follows:
• Slab formwork Erection
Pure Aluminium have a value of E = 69kN/mm 2 The
Structural Steel have a E = 205kN/mm2. • Slab Reinforcement

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• Monolithic Concreting Pressure on Sheet = 46.1500 kN/m2

• Deshuttering Panels B.M. = 46.15*0.205^2/10 = 0.193945375 kN-m Z
required = (0.193945375*1000000)/143
DESIGN OF WALL PANELS (ALUMINIUM) = 1356.2614 mm3
Pressure from Concrete = 26 kN/m3 Max Pouring Z available I xx/y = 2406.6667 mm3 SAFE Deflection
Height = 2 m = (2.5/384)*(WL4 /EI) = 1.684 mm SAFE Span-3
ACI 347 = 57.07 kN/m2 Span (3) = 0.205 m
CIRIA Report - 108 = 53.51 kN/m2 Pour Height = 1.550 m
Max Hydrostatic Pressure shall be at Bottom Portion Density of Concrete = 26 kN/m3 Sheet Thickness =
= 26*2 = 52.00 kN/m2 0.0038 m
Design Pressure with F.O.S. =1 = 52.00 kN/m2 I xx = 4.57267E-09 m4 y = 0.0019 m
Pressure on Sheet = 40.3000 kN/m2
A.DESIGN OF MEMBER 1 – SHEET Span-1 B.M. = 40.3*0.205^2/10 = 0.16936075 kN-M Z
Span(1)=0.205m required = (0.16936075*1000000)/143
Pour Height = 2 m = 1184.3409 mm3
Density of Concrete = 26 kN/m3 Sheet Thickness = Z available I xx/y = 2406.6667 mm3 SAFE Deflection
0.0038 m = (2.5/384)*(WL4 /EI) = 1.471 mm SAFE Span-4
Stress available in Table 25 of IS 8147- 1976 Span (4) = 0.230 m
=143 N/mm² Pour Height = 1.325 m
I xx = 4.57267E-09 m4 y = 0.0019 m Density of Concrete = 26 kN/m3 Sheet Thickness =
Pressure on Sheet = 52.0000 kN/m2 B.M. = 0.0038 m
52*0.205^2/10 = 0.21853 kN-m I xx = 4.57267E-09 m4 y = 0.0019 m
Z required = (0.21853*1000000)/143 Pressure on Sheet = 34.4500 kN/m2
= 1528.1818 mm3 B.M. = 34.45*0.23^2/10 = 0.1822405 kN-m
Z available I xx/y = 2406.6667 mm3 SAFE Deflection Z required = (0.1822405*1000000)/143
= (2.5/384)*(WL4 /EI) = 1274.4091 mm3
= 1.898 mm SAFE Z available I xx/y = 2406.6667 mm3 SAFE Deflection
0.585 = (2.5/384)*(WL4 /EI) = 1.992 mm SAFE Span-5
Span (5) = 0.23 m Pour Height = 1.075 m
0.325 9 Density of Concrete = 26 kN/m3 Sheet Thickness =
0.325 8 0.0038 m
I xx = 4.57267E-09 m4 y = 0.0019 m
0.300 7
Pressure on Sheet = 27.9500 kN/m2
0.275 6 B.M. = 27.95*0.23^2/12 = 0.123212917 kN-m
0.250 5 Z required = (0.123212916666667*1000000)/143
0.250 4 = 861.6288 mm3
0.225 3 Z available I xx/y = 2406.6667 mm3 SAFE Deflection
0.225 2 = (2.5/384)*(WL4 /EI) = 1.616 mm SAFE Span-6
Span (6) = 0.255 m
0.225 1
Pour Height = 0.825 m

Standard Wall Panel Density of Concrete = 26 kN/m3 Sheet Thickness =

Span-2 0.0038 m
Span (2) = 0.205 m
I xx = 4.57267E-09 m4 y = 0.0019 m
Pour Height = 1.775 m
Pressure on Sheet = 21.4500 kN/m2
Density of Concrete = 26 kN/m3 Sheet Thickness =
B.M. = 21.45*0.255^2/12 = 0.116232188 kN-m Z
0.0038 m required = (0.1162321875*1000000)/143
I xx = 4.57267E-09 m4 = 812.8125 mm3
y = 0.0019 m

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Z available I xx/y = 2406.6667 mm3 SAFE Deflection

= (2.5/384)*(WL4 /EI) = 1.874 mm SAFE Span-7
Span (7) = 0.28 m Pour Height = 0.55 m SIDE FRAME
Density of Concrete = 26 kN/m3 Sheet Thickness = Span (Wall tie spacing) = 0.400 m
0.0038 m Stress available in Table 25 of IS 8147 - 1976 is 143
I xx = 4.57267E-09 m4 y = 0.0019 m N/mm²
Pressure on Sheet = 14.3000 kN/m2 I xx = 114427.08 mm4 Y = 32.5 mm
B.M. = 14.3*0.28^2/12 = 0.093426667 kN-m Pressure on Member '1' = 1.775*26 = 46 kN/m 2 Load
Z required = (0.0934266666666667*1000000)/143 = 46.15*0.586/2 = 13.52195 kN/m
= 653.3333 mm3 B.M. = 13.52195*0.4^2/10 0.250 = 0.2164 kN-m
Z available I xx/y = 2406.6667 mm3 SAFE Deflection Z required = 0.2163512*1000*1000/143
= (2.5/384)*(WL4 /EI) = 1.816 mm SAFE Span-8,9 = 1512.9455 mm3
Span (8,9) = 0.305 m Z available = I / y = 3520.8333 mm3 SAFE Deflection
Pour Height = 0.25 m = WL4 /384EI = 0.114 mm SAFE
Density of Concrete = 26 kN/m3 Sheet Thickness =
0.0038 m 3.3 Cost Analysis of Aluminium Formwork And
I xx = 4.57267E-09 m4 y = 0.0019 m Conventional Formwork:
Pressure on Sheet = 6.5000 kN/m2
B.M. = 6.5*0.305^2/12 = 0.050388542 kN-m Table 3.2 :- Cost Comparison
Z required = (0.0503885416666667*1000000)/143 Sr. Name of Unit Aluminum Conventional
= 352.3674 mm3 no work formwork formwork
Z available I xx/y = 2406.6667 mm3 SAFE Deflection 1 Area of project Sqm 3500 3500
= (2.5/384)*(WL4 /EI) = 1.162 mm SAFE 2 Cost of Rs 10000 500
product
3 No of Nos 100 8
B.DESIGN OF MEMBER 2 - I STIFFENER
repetition
4 Cost of Rs 35000000 1750000
material
5 Cost of Rs 350000 218750
material for 1
repetition
6 Additional Rs 10000 10000
charges
7 Total cost of Rs 360000 228750
material for 1
repetition
8 Cost of Rs 102.85 65.35
I STIFFENER material for 1
Span = 0.586 m sqm
Stress available in Table 25 of IS 8147 - 1976 is 143 9 Scarp value Rs 30 0
N/mm² 10 Cost of Rs 72.85 65.35
material for 1
I xx = 50986 mm4 Y = 20 mm sqm
Pressure on Member '1' = 1.775*26 = 46 kN/m 2 Load
= 46.15*(0.225/2+0.225/2) 0.250 IV CONCLUSION
= 10.38375 kN/m
B.M. = 10.38375*0.586^2/12 = 0.2971 kN-m Z The task of housing due to the rising population of the
required = 0.29714485125*1000*1000/143 country is becoming increasingly monumental. In
= 2077.9360 mm3 terms of technical capabilities to face this challenge,
Z available = I / y = 2549.3000 mm3 SAFE Deflection the potential is enormous; it only needs to be
= WL4 /384EI = 0.908 mm SAFE judiciously exploited.
Traditionally, construction firms all over the world
C.DESIGN OF MEMBER 3 - SIDE FRAME have been slow to adopt the innovation and changes.

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Contractors are a conservative lot. It is the need of time International Journal of Advanced Research in
to analyze the depth of the problem and find effective Biology Engineering Science and Technology
solutions. Aluminium formwork serves as a cost (IJARBEST), Vol. 2, Issue 4,pp.37-40, April
effective and efficient tool to solve the problems of the 2016.
mass housing project all over the world. Aluminium [5] K.Loganathan , K.E.Viswanathan “A study report
formwork aims to maximize the use of modern on cost, duration and quality analysis of different
construction techniques and equipment on its entire formworks in high-rise building”, International
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