M30 Grade Concrete Design
PROCEDURE :-
STEP 1 :- Stipulations for Concrete Mix Design
Grade designation : M 30
Type of cement : OPC 53 grade confirming to IS 8112
Maximum nominal size of aggregate : 20 mm
Minimum cement content : 320 kg/m3
Maximum water-cement ratio : 0.45
Workability : 50-75 mm (slump)
Exposure condition : Severe (for reinforced concrete)
Method of concrete placing : Pumping
Degree of supervision : Good
Type of aggregate : Crushed angular aggregate
Maximum Cement Content : 450 kg/m3
Chemical Admixture Type : Super Plasticizer.
STEP 2 :- Test Data for Materials (to be determined in the
laboratory)
Specific gravity of cement : 3.12
Specific gravity of Coarse aggregate : 2.74
Specific Gravity of Fine aggregate : 2.56
STEP 3 :- Target Strength for Mix Proportioning
ftarget = fck + 1.65 x S
Explanation of Terms:
ftarget = target average compressive strength at 28 days,
fck = characteristic compressive strength at 28 days, and
s = standard deviation
The Standard deviation, s is taken as 5.0 N/mm2 ( Table I of IS 10262:2009)
Therefore, target strength = 30 + 1.65 x 5.0 = 38.25 N/mm2
STEP 4 :- Selection of Water-Cement Ratio
From Table 5 of IS 456:2000,
Maximum permissible water-cement ratio is 0.45
STEP 5 :- Selection of Water Content
From Table 2 of IS 456:2000, maximum water content =186 litres (for 25 to 50 mm
slump range) for 20 mm aggregate.
Estimated water content for 100 mm slump =186+(6/100) x 186 =197 litres.
(Note: If Super plasticizer is used, the water content can be reduced upto 20% and
above.)
Based on trials with Super plasticizer water content reduction of 20% has been
achieved. Hence, the arrived water content = 197-[197 x (20/100)] = 158 litres.
STEP 6 :- Calculation of Cement Content
Water-cement ratio =0.45
Cement content = 158/0.45 = 350 kg/m3
From Table 5 of IS 456, the minimum cement content for ‘Severe‘ exposure condition
is 320 kg/m3
In our case, it is 350 kg/m3 which is greater than 320 kg/m3, hence satisfied.
STEP 7 :- The Proportion of the Volume of Coarse Aggregate and
Fine Aggregate Content
From Table 3 of IS 10262:2000, the Volume of coarse aggregate corresponding to 20
mm size aggregate and fine aggregate (Zone I) for a water-cement ratio of 0.50 =
0.60.
In the present case, the water-cement ratio is 0.45. Therefore, the volume of the
coarse aggregate is required to be increased to decrease the fine aggregate content.
As the water-cement ratio is less by 0.10, the proportion of the volume of coarse
aggregate is increased by 0.02 (at the rate of -/+ 0.01 for every ± 0.05 change in the
water-cement ratio). Therefore, the corrected proportion of the volume of coarse
aggregate for the water-cement ratio of 0.45 = 0.61.
Note – In case if the coarse aggregate is not an angular one, then the volume of
coarse aggregate may be required to be increased by 10 percent based on
experience.
For pumpable concrete, these values should be reduced by 10 percent.
Therefore, volume of coarse aggregate = 0.61 x 0.9 = 0.549.
Volume of fine aggregate content =1 – 0.549 =0.451
STEP 8 :- Mix Calculations
a) Volume of concrete = 1m3
b) Volume of cement = (Mass of cement/specific gravity of Cement) X (1/1000)
= (350/3.15) X (1/1000)
= 0.111 m
c) Volume of water = (Mass of water/specific gravity of water) X (1/1000)
= (158/1) X (1/1000)
= 0.158 m
d) Volume of superplasticizer = (Mass of superplasticizer / Specific gravity of
admixture) X (1/1000)
= (7/1.145) X (1/1000)
= 0.006 m3
d) Volume of all aggregate = (a – (b + c + d))
= 1 – (0.111 + 0.158 + 0.006)
= 0.724 m3
e) Mass of coarse aggregate = Volume of all Aggregate X Volume of Coarse Aggregate
X Specific Gravity of Coarse Aggregate X 1000
= 0.724 x 0.549 x 2.74 x 1000
= 1089.08 kg
f) Mass of fine aggregate = Volume of all Aggregate X Volume of Fine Aggregate X
Specific Gravity of Fine Aggregate X 1000
= 0.724 x 0.451 x 2.74 x 1000
= 894.67 kg
STEP 9 :- Concrete Mix Proportions
Cement = 350 kg/m3
Water = 158 kg/m3
Super plasticizer = 7 kg/m3
Fine aggregates = 894.67 kg/m3
Coarse aggregate = 1089.08 kg/m3
W/c = 0.45
Estimation of Quantities
For 1 cube
Volume of the mould = .15*.15*.15 = .00375
Cement = 350 * .00375 = 1.3125 kg
Fine aggregates = 894.67 * .00375 = 3.355 kg
Coarse aggregate = 1089.08 * .00375 = 4.084 kg
Water =
