ENGLISH

COURSE
Semestre 1

Course Professors Academic Year

Mrs Nadia ALLOULI 2024 - 2025
Mrs Kaoutar LAMAIZI
Unit 1
1-Introduce yourself :
 Read and listen

A : Hi, Im Martin. A : Nice to meet you, Ben.

B : Hi, Martin . I’m Ben. B : Nice to meet you, too.

 Now introduce yourself to your classmates :

2-Greet People :
 Read and listen
A : Hi, Len. How are you ?
B : Fine, thanks. And you ?
A : Im fine.

 Read and listen

1-Good Morning 2 – Good Afternoon 3- Good Evening

  Now greet your classmates :

3- Say good-bye

 Read and listen

A : Good-bye, Charlotte.
B : Good-bye, Emily.
A : See you tomorrow.

B : Ok.See you !

 Now say good-bye to your classmates :

Good-bye.
Bye.
See you later.
Take care.
Unit 2
1. Present tenses
2. Articles
3. Vocabulary
Part 1: Present tenses
1-1 The present simple of to be

Form

Positive Negative Question

I am, I’m I am not, I’m not Am I?

You are, You’re You are not, you’re not, Are you?
You aren’t
He is, He’s He is not, He’s not, He Is he?
isn’t
She is, she’s She is not, she’s not, she Is she?
isn’t
It is, It’s It is not, it’s not, it isn’t Is it?
We are, We’re We are not, we’re not, Are we?
we aren’t
They are, They’re They are not, they’re not, Are they?
they aren’t.

Short ANSWER

Yes, I am No, I am not. No, I’m not

Yes, you are No, you are not. No, you’re not. No, you aren’t

Yes, he is No, he is not. No, he’s not. No, he isn’t

Yes, she is No, she is not. No, she’s not. No, she isn’t

Yes, it is No, it is not. No, it’s not. No, it isn’t

Yes, we are No, we are not. No, we’re not. No, we aren’t
Yes, they are No, they are not. No, they’re not. No, they aren’t.

 We cannot use short forms in positive short answers.

A: Are you happy?
B: Yes, I’m. Yes, I am.

We use the verb be to talk about:

 Introducing people
I‘m Steven, and this is Isabella. And this is my daughter, Alicia.
  Age
I‘m 24 years old, and my father is 50.
 Job
I‘m a teacher, and my wife is a doctor.
 Nationality
Alex is from Ireland, and Sonia is from Spain.
 Feelings
I‘m scared. She is very tired.
 Colour
Our dog is black. His eyes are blue.
 Prices
It‘s seven pounds. This T-shirt is twenty dollars.
 The weather
It‘s sunny today. It is very cold this morning.
 The time
What time is it? It‘s ten past four.
 Descriptions
He is very short and thin. The cars are old and cheap.

1-2 To have

Affirmative Form + Negative Form -

Full Form Short Form Full Form Short Form

I have I’ ve I do not have I don’t have
You have You ‘ve You do not have You don’t have
He He He He
She Has She ‘s She ‘does not have She doesn’t have
it it It it
We We We We
You Have You ‘ve You ‘do not have You don’t have
They They They They

Interrogative Form:
Do I have ….?
Do You have ….?
Does he/she/it have …?
Do we have….?
Do you have ….?
Do they have ….?
1-3 The present simple Form

In present simple verbs. We need to use the verb do/does in questions and don’t

Positive Negative Question

I Work I do not work Do I
You You don’t work you
He He Does he
She She Does not work She Work?
Works Doesn’t work It
It It Do We
We Work We Do not Work they
they They Don’t work
/doesn’t in negatives.

Short Answer
I I Do not.
You Do You Don’t

Yes, He No, He
She Does She Does not.
It It Doesn’t

We We Do not
They Do They Don’t

Spelling of he/she/it
The form is the same for all the other persons except he/she/it .The spelling for
he/she/it is different.
Infinitive He/she/it Spelling
Play Plays General rule
Work Works : add -s
Watch Watches After -s,-ch,-sh,-z
miss Misses : add -es
Study Studies After consonant + -y delete -y and
Try Tries : add -ies
Do Does After -o
Go Goes : add -es
Have Has Irregular form

Present simple use

 Habits or actions that happen regularly
 Permanent situations or things that are always or often true
1-4 Can / can’t -Form and use

From
Positive
I/You/He/She/etc. Can sing.
Negative
I/You/He/She/etc. Cannot sing.
I/You/He/She/etc. Can’t sing
Question
Can I/You/He/She/etc sing?
Short answer
Yes, I/You/He/She/etc. Can.
No, I/You/He/She/etc. Cannot.
No, I/You/He/She/etc. Can’t.
Use
 Ability
 Permission
 Possibility
 Ordering/asking for something
Part 2: Articles
A/an

We use a/an with singular nouns.

 This is a table.
 It’s an orange.

We use a with nouns beginning with a consonant, and we use an with nouns
beginning with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u).

 Give me an apple.
 There is an elephant in the zoo.
 It’s an amazing experience.

We also use an with nouns beginning with h if the h is not pronounced. But we
use a if the h is pronounced.

 Give me an hour. (The h is not pronounced in our.)

 I want to buy a hat. (The h is pronounced in hat.)

We use a and NOT an with nouns beginning with u when it is pronounced /ju:/,
like university.

 Is there a university in this city?

 I wear a uniform.
Part 3: Vocabulary
3-1 Opposite adjectives for describing people

 I’m happy when I spend time with my family, and I’m sad when I fail an exam.
 Tom is tall; he is 6 feet 3 inches. Peter is short; he is 5 feet 4 inches.
 I’m young; I’m 26. However, my granddad is very old; he is 92.
 Carlos is very strong; he goes to the gym every day. Richard is weak, he
hardly ever does exercise.
 David is fat; he eats a lot. Maria is thin; she needs to eat more.
 She is a beautiful model, but her cousin is very ugly.

3-2 Opposite adjectives for describing things

 The elephant is 1 big, and the mosquito is 2 small.
 The coffee is 3 hot, and the sodas are 4 cold.
 The tortoise is 5 slow, and the car is 6 fast.
 Vegetables and eggs are 7 good for you, and fast food and smoking are 8 bad.
 The rock is very 9 heavy, and the feather is 10 light.
 The rocks are 11 hard, and the cushions are 12 soft.
 The first glass is 15 full and the second glass is 16 empty.
 The first bathroom is 17 clean, and the second bathroom is 18 dirty.
 The car is 21 expensive; it costs a lot of money. The scooter is 22 cheap.
 The purple nails are 23 long, but the nails in the second picture are 24 short.
 Unit 3
1. Prepositions of time
2. Prepositions of Place
3. Many, Much and A lot (of)
4. linking words
5. Vocabulary
Part 1: Prepositions of time
Prepositions of Use example

time

At before : times, the  at 3o’clock,

weekend, the end  at 10.30am,
of the day, the  at noon,
moment, night,  at dinnertime,
lunchtime.  at sunset,
 at the moment

On before : days,  on Sunday, on Tuesday

dates, my birthday.  on 25 December 2010,
 on my birthday

In before: months,  in May,

seasons, years, the  in the summer,
morning, the  in 1990
afternoon, etc

There is no preposition (x) before : last, next, every, this, we do not

use at, in, on.

 I went to London last June.

 I went to London in last June.
 He’s coming back next Tuesday.
 He’s coming back on next Tuesday.
 We’ll call you this evening.
 We’ll call you in this evening.
2-Prepositions of Place
Prepositions of Place
in = inside something
on = just above something, but touching it
at – show an exact place or point

 at -- (à)
 in : dans/dedans
 on -- (sur, à)
 under -- (sous)
 in front of -- (devant)
 behind -- (derrière)
 toward -- (vers)
 against -- (contre)
 around -- (autour)
 close to -- (près de)
 far from -- (loin de)
 next to -- (à côté de)
 facing -- (en face de, face à)
 above : au-dessus de
 near : prés
 Between : entre
 Beside : à côté de

3- Many, Much and A lot (of)

The words much and many mean a lot of

many

If a noun is countable, we use many. -----------

 Maria has many friends.
 There are many games on this computer
Much
If a noun is uncountable, we use much. ----------
 There’s so much noise in the city at night
 He eats too much sugar.

a lot of
We use a lot of before both plural countable and uncountable nouns to talk about a
large quantity. We normally use a lot of in positive sentences.

 He eats a lot of apples.

 I have a lot of time.

4-linking words
We use Linking words to connect parts of sentences together
Conjunction Function Examples

And Adds two things together/ "I like reading and writing."

But Shows contrast/ Affiche le contraste "She is friendly, but he is shy."

Or Presents alternatives or links negatives. "Do you want coffee or tea?"

"I don’t eat meat or fish."

Because Gives a reason "He’s staying home because he’s

sick."

5-Vocabulary
5-1 School Vocabulary

English Français

Classroom Salle de classe

Library Bibliothèque
Office Bureau
Pen Stylo
Pencil Crayon
Book Livre
Notebook Cahier
Eraser Gomme
Ruler Règle
Backpack Sac à dos
Desk Bureau
Chair Chaise
Blackboard Tableau noir
Teacher Professeur
Student Élève
Classmate Camarade de classe
To write Écrire
To read Lire
To listen Écouter
To study Étudier
To draw Dessiner
To raise your hand Lever la main

5-1 Family Vocabulary

Français English

La famille The family

La tante The aunt
Le neveu The nephew
La cousin The cousin
Les beaux-parents The parents in law
La belle mère The mother in law
Le beau père The father in law
Le petit fils The grandson
La petite fille The granddaughter
Le gendre The son in law
Les petits enfants The grandchildren
La mère The mother
Le père The father
Unit 4
1. Adjectives
2. Adverbs of frequency
3. Adverbs of manner
4. Vocabulary
Adjectives
 Adjective + noun
When we use adjectives with a noun in English, the adjectives go before the noun.
Example: It’s an expensive guitar.
She has a new car.

 Am/is/are + adjective
We can also use adjectives without a noun after the verb be.
Example: This guitar is expensive.
Her car is new.

 Be + subject+ Adjectives
In questions, the adjective can go after be +subject.
Example: Is your car new?

 Verbs of senses (Feel/look/smell/sound/taste) + adjective

We can also use adjectives without a noun after the verbs of the senses: feel, look,
smell, sound, taste.
o Your idea sounds interesting.
o I don’t like this soup. It tastes horrible.
o You look tired.
o These cookies smell delicious.
o I feel depressed.

 No plural
Adjectives in English have no plural. They are always singular.

 Very/ Quite + Adjective

We can use very and quite before the adjectives.
Example: It’s very expensive.
It’s quite expensive.
Adverbs of frequency

We use adverbs of frequency with the present simple to talk about how often
something happen.
Always Toujours
Usually Habituellement
Often Souvent
Sometimes Parfois
Hardly ever / Rarely Rarement
Never Jamais

 Position
Affirmative form or Positive Form
Subject + Adverbs of frequency + verb
Subject + To be (Am / Are / Is) + adverbs of frenquency
Adverbs of frequency go before the verb but after the verb be.
Example: He often cooks pasta
You are always late.

Negative form
Subject + Don’t / Doesn’t + Adverbs of frequency + Verb
In negative sentences, the adverb of frequency goes after don’t/doesn’t:
Example: We don’t often go to bed late.
He doesn’t always agree with me.

Interrogative Form or Question

Auxiliary + Subject+ Adverb of frequency
In questions, adverbs of frequency go after the subject.
Example: Is he always late?
Do they often go to the library?
There are other expressions that we use to talk about frequency: once a day, twice a
week, three times a month, every day, etc. These expressions are longer (2 words or
more), and they go at the end of the sentence.
Adverbs of manner

Adjectives Adverbs of manner Rule

Quick Quickly General rule
Careful Carefully Add -ly
Bad Badly
Happy Happily Adjectives ending in –y
Easy Easily Change –y to –I and add
-ly
Reasonable Reasonably Adjectives ending in –le
Incontrollable Incontrollably Change –le to –ly
Good Well Irregular adverbs
Hard Hard
Fast Fast
Early Early Adjectives and adverbs
Late Late that have the same form
Wrong Wrong
Right Right

We use adverbs of manner after a verb to describe the verb. We use an adverb of
manner to say how something happens or how we do something.
It rained heavily. (=We are describing how it rained.)
He always replies quickly. (=We are describing how he replies)

 Position
Subject + verb + Adverb of manner
Subject + verb + object + Adverb of manner

 Very, really, quite

We can use very, really, quite before an adverb of manner.
Example: It rained quite heavily.
He drives quite carefully.
She plays the guitar really well.

 Adjectives VS Adverbs of manner

We use adjectives to describe a noun (before a noun or after the verb be), and we use
adverbs of manner to describe a verb (after the verb or verb + object).
Example:
Robert plays the guitar well. (=We are describing the verb,
i.e. how Robert plays the guitar.)
Robert is a good guitar player. (=We are describing the noun, Robert.)

Vocabulary
Work vocabulary
English (A1) Français
Teacher Professeur
Doctor Médecin
Engineer Ingénieur
Nurse Infirmier/Infirmière
Farmer Agriculteur
Chef Chef/Cuisinier
Police officer Policier/Policière
Firefighter Pompier
Driver Chauffeur
Waiter Serveur/Serveuse
Artist Artiste
Mechanic Mécanicien
Unit 5
1. This / These / That / Those
2. Subject pronouns VS Objects
pronouns
3. Subject pronouns VS Possessive
adjectives
4. Simple Past
5. Vocabulary
This / These / That / Those

 This / These
We use this and these for things that are here (near). This is singular and these is
plural.
Example: This is my new watch.
These are my sisters Anna and Jenny.

 That / Those
We use that and those for things that are there (not near, far). That is singular
and those is plural.
Example: That man is very strange.
I need those boxes over there.

 This is (introductions and on the phone)

We use this is when we introduce people and on the telephone.
Object pronouns vs subject pronouns

 Subject pronouns are the subject of a verb. They go before the verb.
Example: I like your dress.
You are late.
He is my friend.
 Object pronouns are the object of a verb.
1-They go after the verb.
Example: Can you help me , please?
o I see her every Monday.

2-After preposition
Example: I’ll get it for you.
Give it to her
Can you listen to her?
Don’t take it from us.
I want to speak to them.

Subject pronouns Objects Pronouns

( Before the verb) ( After the verb / After preposition)
I Me
You You
He Him
She Her
It It
We Us
You You
they Them

Subject pronouns vs possessive adjectives

 Possessive adjectives are always singular

 It/its for things and they/their for people and things

We use he/his and she/her for people, and we use it/its for things.
But in the plural, we use they/their for people and things.
  Is it or its?
Its = possessive adjective. It’s = the short form of it is (subject + verb be)
Example: Look at that dog. It’s beautiful. I like its hair.

 It’s for time and weather

We use it’s (=it is) to talk about the time or the weather.
Example: It’s very windy today, but it’s sunny.
‘What time is it?’ ‘It’s three o’clock.’

Subject pronouns Possessive adjectives

( Subject pronoun + Verb ) ( Possessive adjective + Noun )
I My
You Your
He His
She Her
It Its
We Our
You Your
They Their

Simple Past or Past Simple : Regular Verbs

We can use the past simple to talk about past finished actions or states.
Expression: yesterday, yesterday morning, last night, last week, two days ago, five
years ago, etc.
We often add -ed to verbs (regular verbs) to make the past simple.
Example: We watched a film last Saturday.

Infinitive Simple Past Rule

Watch Watched General Rule
Play Played We add –ed
Like Liked After –e add -d
Arrive Arrived
Study Studied After consonant + y
Try Tried Delete –y and add –ied
Stop Stopped Consonant + Vowel +
Rob Robbed Consonant
Double consonant +ed
Vocabulary
Shopping vocabulary
1- Stores
English Français
Shop Magasin
Store Boutique
Shopping mall Centre commercial
Market Marché
Supermarket Supermarché
Grocery store Épicerie
Bakery Boulangerie
Pharmacy Pharmacie
Bookstore Librairie

2- Money
English Français
Money Argent
Cash Espèces
Coin Pièce (de monnaie)
Banknote Billet (de banque)
Bill (UK) / Check (US) Facture
Receipt Reçu
Price Prix
Discount Réduction/Remise
Credit card Carte de crédit
Wallet Portefeuille
Purse Porte-monnaie

3- Clothes
English Français
Clothes Vêtements
Shirt Chemise
T-shirt T-shirt
Pants (US) / Trousers (UK) Pantalon
Dress Robe
Skirt Jupe
Shoes Chaussures
Socks Chaussettes
Jacket Veste
Coat Manteau
Hat Chapeau
Scarf Écharpe