Name of Work :- Resurfacing of Various Road Under R&B Sub Division Bhiloda [Package

No.01 of 2024-25] (1) Vansadi Approach Road Km 0/00 to 15/00 (2) Idar Bhiloda Shamlaji
Road km 125/800 to 155/470 (Pro. Box Culvert, Pipe Drain, Road Furniture and Misc. work)

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

1.0 PREAMBLE

1.1 The Technical Specifications contained herein shall be read in conjunction with the other Bidding
Documents as specified in this Volume.

1.2 Site Information

1.2.1 The Information given here under and provided elsewhere is given in good faith by the Employer but
the Contractor shall satisfy himself regarding all aspects of site conditions and no claim will be entertained on
the that the information supplied by the Employer is or insufficient.

2.0 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

The technical Specifications in accordance with which the entire work described herein after shall be
constructed and completed by the Contractor shall comprise of the “Specification”.

2.1 Part-1 General Technical Specifications

2.1 Through “SPECIFICATION” for each item are attached with tender they are based on following.

1) “SPECIFICATIOS FOR ROAD AND BRIDGE WORKS” (Fifth REVISION printed in year 2013) issued
by the Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MORT&H), Government of India and Published by the
Indian Roads Congress, hereinafter to as MORT&H Specifications.

2) The General Technical Specification for Road Works.

3) The General Technical Specification for Bridge Works.

2.2 If particular clause (which is in corporate in “SPECIFICATION” of Specification booklets 1 to 3 above

is amended /modified/added upon then the amendment /modifications/addition shall supersede the
relevant clause incorporated in “SPECIFICATION”.

2.3 In so far as Amended/Modified/Added Clause may Come in conflict or be inconsistent with any of the
provisions of the MORT&H Specifications under reference, the Amended/Modified /Added Clause
and the additional Specifications shall always prevail.

2.4 In the absence of any definite provisions on any particular issue in the aforesaid Specifications,
reference may be made to the latest codes and Specification, of IRC and BIS in that order. Where even
these are silent, the Construction and completion of the works shall conform to Sound engineering
practice as approved by the ‘Engineer’ and, in case of any dispute arising out of the interpretation of
the above, the decision of the ‘Engineer’ shall be final and binding on the Contractor.

The MORT&H Specifications for Road and Bridge works (5th Revision) will form part of the contract
documents and the contractor will be legally bound to the various stipulation made therein unless and
otherwise specifically related or waived partly through special clause in the contract Document.

1
Name of Work :- Resurfacing of Various Road Under R&B Sub Division Bhiloda [Package
No.01 of 2024-25] (1) Vansadi Approach Road Km 0/00 to 15/00 (2) Idar Bhiloda Shamlaji
Road km 125/800 to 155/470 (Pro. Box Culvert, Pipe Drain, Road Furniture and Misc. work)

INDEX FOR SPECIFICATION

Sr.No. of Sr.No. of
itemin applicable in
Brief Description of Item Page No.
Schedule- enclosed
B specification
1 Clearing and grubbing road land including uprooting rank vegetation 1
grass bushes, shrubs, sapling and trees girth up to 300 mm removal
of stumps of trees cut earlier and disposal of unserviceable materials
(C) By mechanical means in area of light jungle
2 Earthwork for embankment including breaking clods, dressing with 2
all lead and lift (excluding watering and consolidation) (B) From all
lead and lift
3 Rolling and consolidation using vibratory road roller 8-10 tonne 3
capacity (incl. watering) (A) Earthwork (layer not exceeding 200 mm
thickness)
4 Providing, laying, and compacting Quarry spall for Road side 4
shoulders including spreading in uniform thickness, including
rolling with vibratory roller 80-100 kN static wt. to proper grade and
camber including watering etc. complete.
5 Providing and fixing ordinary Kilometer stone of precast C.C. 1:2:4 5
including necessary reinforcement as per I.R.C. type design in
C.C.1:4:8 including letter and paints etc. complete (For N.H., S.H.
and M.D.R.)
6 Providing and fixing 5th Kilometer stone of approved hard stoneas 6
per I.R.C. type design in C.C. 1:4:8 including painting and lettering
etc. complete (For N.H., S.H. and M.D.R.)
7 Providing and fixing Hectometer as per I.R.C. type design including 7
painting, lettering etc. complete. (ii) Fixing in C.C. 1:5:10
8 Providing and fixing indicator stone of approved stoneas per I.R.C. 8
type design in C.C. 1:4:8 including white washing etc. complete. (ii)
Fixing in C.C. 1:5:10
9 Providing and fixing guard stone as per I.R.C. type design including 9
white washing etc. complete. (ii) Fixing in C.C. 1:5:10

2
10 Cautionary Warning Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made 10
out of 2mm aluminium sheet / 4mm ACP (Aluminum composite
Panel); size 90 x 90 x 90 cms. equilateral triangle as per design
ofIRC-67-2012. Pre treated with phospheting process & acid etching;
coated with one coat of epoxy primer and two coats of best quality
epoxy paint ; reflectorised with High Intensity Prismatic Grade retro
refiective sheeting of Type-4 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest
M.O.S.T. Specifications; 3.6mtr long stand post of Iron Angle75 x
75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as required and frame fabricated
from suitable size iron angle of 35 x 35 x 3mm; painted with best
quality epoxy coatings in black and white bends. The details of
symbol for each board shall be as per the instruction of engineer in
charge. The fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC block of size 45 x 45 x
60 Cms. for each leg including excavation, curing etc. complete
under the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for 7 years
for the Retro reflective sheeting from original manufacturer & a
certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from third party
test lab for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A)
Class-C Type-11 Retro Reflective sheeting
11 Facility Informatory Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards 11
madeout of 2mm aluminium sheet / 4mm ACP (Aluminum
composite Panel); size 80 x 60 cms. rectangular as per design of
IRC-67-2012.Pre treated with phospheting process & acid etching;
coated with one coat of epoxy primer and two coats of best quality
epoxypaint ; reflectorised with High Intensity Prismatic Grade
retrorefiective sheeting of Type-4 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest
M.O.S.T. Specifications; 3.6mtr long stand post of Iron Angle 75
x75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as required and frame
fabricated from suitable size iron angle of 35 x 35 x 3mm; painted
with best quality epoxy coatings in black and white bends. The
details of symbol for each board shall be as per the instruction of
engineer in charge. The fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC block of
size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg including excavation, curing etc.
complete under the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for
7 years for the Retro reflective sheeting from original manufacturer
& a certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from third
party test lab for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor.
(A) Class-C Type-11 Retro Reflective sheeting

3
12 Regulatory / Mandatory Sign :-Providing and fixing sign boards 12
made out of 2mm aluminium sheet / 4mm ACP (Aluminum
composite Panel); size 60 cms. Dia Circle as per design of IRC-67-
2012. Pre treated with phospheting process & acid etching;
coatedwith one coat of epoxy primer and two coats of best quality
epoxypaint ; reflectorised with High Intensity Prismatic Grade
retrorefiective sheeting of Type-4 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest
M.O.S.T. Specifications; 3.6mtr long stand post of Iron Angle 75
x75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as required and frame
fabricated from suitable size iron angle of 35 x 35 x 3mm; painted
with best quality epoxy coatings in black and white bends. The
details of symbol for each board shall be as per the instruction of
engineer in charge. The fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC block of
size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg including excavation, curing etc.
complete under the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for
7 years for the Retro reflective sheeting from original manufacturer
& a certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from third
party test lab for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor.
(A) Class-C Type-11 Retro Reflective sheeting.
13 Direction (Junction) Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made 13
out of 2mm aluminium sheet / 4mm ACP (Aluminum composite
Panel); size 244x122 cms. rectangular as per design of IRC-67-2012.
Pre treated with phospheting process & acid etching; coated with one
coat of epoxy primer and two coats of best quality epoxy paint
;reflectorised with Micro Prismatic Grade retro refiective sheeting of
Type-11 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T. Specifications;
4.0mtr long (2 Nos.) stand post of 75 x 75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular
MS Pipe as required and frame fabricated from suitable size iron
angle of 50 x 50 x 5mm; painted with best quality epoxy coatings in
black and white bends. The details of symbol for each board shall be
as per the instruction of engineer in charge. The fixing at site shall be
in 1:2:4 CC block of size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg. including
excavation, curing etc. complete under the supervision of engineer in
charge. A warranty for 10 years for the Retro reflective sheeting
from original manufacturer & a certified copy of 3 year outdoor
exposure test report from third party test lab for the product offered
shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C Type-11 Retro
Reflective sheeting

4
14 Village Name Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made out of 14
2mm aluminium sheet / 4mm ACP (Aluminum composite Panel);
size 90x60 cms. rectangular as per design of IRC-67-2012. Pre
treated with phospheting process & acid etching; coated with one
coat of epoxy primer and two coats of best quality epoxy paint ;
reflectorised with Micro Prismatic Grade retro refiective sheeting of
Type-11 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T. Specifications;
3.3mtr long stand post of 75 x 75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe
as required and frame fabricated from suitable size iron angle of 35 x
35 x 3mm; painted with best quality epoxy coatings in black and
white bends. The details of symbol or inscription/ letters / numerals
for each board shall be as per the instruction of engineer in charge.
The fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC block of size 45 x 45 x 60
Cms. for each leg. including excavation, curing etc. complete under
the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for 10 years for the
Retro reflective sheeting from original manufacturer & a certified
copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from third party test lab
for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C
Type-11 Retro Reflective sheeting
15 STOP Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made out of 2mm 15
aluminium sheet / 4mm ACP (Aluminum composite Panel); size 90
cms Octagone as per design of IRC-67-2012. Pre treated with
phospheting process & acid etching; coated with one coat of epoxy
primer and two coats of best quality epoxy paint ;reflectorised with
Micro Prismatic Grade retro refiective sheeting of Type-11 as per
ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T. Specifications; 3.6mtr long stand
post of 75 x 75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as required and
frame fabricated from suitable size iron angle of 35 x 35 x 3mm;
painted with best quality epoxy coatings in black and white bends.
The details of symbol for each board shall be as per the instruction of
engineer in charge. The fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC block of
size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg. including excavation, curing etc.
complete under the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for
10 years for the Retro reflective sheeting from original manufacturer
& a certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from third
party test lab for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor.
(A) Class-C Type-11 Retro Reflective sheeting

5
16 Chevron sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made out of 1.5mm 16
aluminium sheet / 3mm ACP (Aluminum composite Panel); size
60x50cm rectangular as per design of IRC-67-2012. Pre treated with
phospheting process & acid etching; coated with one coat of epoxy
primer and two coats of best quality epoxy paint ; reflectorised with
High Intensity Prismatic Grade retro refiective sheeting of Type-4 as
per ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T. Specifications; 3.3 mtr long
stand post of Iron Angle 75 x 75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as
required and frame fabricated from suitable size iron angle of
35x35x3mm; painted with best quality epoxy coatings in black and
white bends. the details of symbol or inscription / numerals for each
board shall be as per the instruction of engineer in charge. The fixing
at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC block of size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each
leg including excavation, curing etc. complete under the supervision
of engineer in charge. A warranty for 7 years for the Retro reflective
sheeting from original manufacturer & a certified copy of 3 year
outdoor exposure test report from third party test lab for the product
offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C Type-11 Retro
Reflective sheeting
17 Tree Guard sign :- Providing & fixing sign board made out of 2mm 17
aluminium sheet / 3mm ACP (Aluminum composite Panel), size
30cms diameter circle, pretreated with phospheting process and acid
etching, painted with one coat of epoxy primer and two coats of best
quality epoxy paint reflectorised with retro reflective sheeting as per
latest M.O.S.T. specifications. A warranty for 10 years for the Retro
reflective sheeting from original manufacturer & a certified copy of 3
year outdoor exposure test report from third party test lab for the
product offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C Type-
11 Retro Reflective sheeting
18 Hazard Marker Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made out of 18
2.0 mm aluminium sheet / 4 mm ACP (Aluminum composite Panel);
size 90x30 cms. rectangular as per design of IRC-67-2012. Pre
treated with phospheting process & acid etching; coated with one
coat of epoxy primer and two coats of best quality epoxy paint ;
reflectorised with High Intensity Prismatic Grade retro refiective
sheeting of Type-4 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T.
Specifications; 1.8mtr long stand post of Iron Angle 75 x 75 x 6mm /
65NB Circular MS Pipe as required and frame fabricated from
suitable size iron angle of 35 x 35 x 3mm; painted with best quality
epoxy coatings in black and white bends. The details of symbol for
each board shall be as per the instruction of engineer in charge. The
fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC block of size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for
each leg including excavation, curing etc. complete under the
supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for 7 years for the
Retro reflective sheeting from original manufacturer & a certified
copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from third party test lab
for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C
Type-11 Retro Reflective sheeting

6
19 Road marking with hot applied thermoplastic paints with 19
reflectorising glass beads on bitumin surface providing and laying a
hot applied thermoplastic compound 2.5 mm thick including
reflectorising glass beads @ 250gms per sqm area, thickness of
2.5mm is excluding of surface applied glass beds as per IRC:35-
2015. The finished surface to be level, uniform and free from streaks
and holes. zebra patta /bump patta lane/center line/ edge line/cut
patta. The white color marking should provide liminance coefficinet
on cemend road shalll be min 130 mcd/m2/lux and Asphalt road
shall be min 100 mcd/m2/lux during the service life during the day
time. The marking should meet the performance criteria for night
time reflectivity, wet reflectivity and skid resistance as mentioned in
the section-15 of IRC 35-2015. Warranty for the Retro reflectivity
should be two years.
20 Cat Eye / Road Stud / RPM: Supplying of Molded Twin Shanks 20
Raised Pavement Markers made of polycarbonate and ABS moulded
body and reflective panels with micro prismatic lens capable of
providing total internal reflection of the light entering the lens face
and shall support a load of 13635 kgs. tested in accordance to ASTM
D 4280 Type H and complying to Specifications of Category A of
MORTH Circular No RW/NH/33023/10-97 DO III Dt 11.06.1997.
The height, width and length shall not exceed 20 mm, 130 mm and
130 mm and with minimum reflective area of 13 Sqcm on each side
and the slope to the base shall be 35 +/- 5 degree. The strength of
detachment of the integrated cylindrical shanks, (of diameter not less
than 19 +/- 2 mm and height not less than 30+/- 2 mm) from the
body is to be a minimum value of 500 Kgf. Fixing will be by drilling
holes on the road for the shanks to go inside, without nails and using
epoxy resin based adhesive as per manufacturers recommendation
and The color of the marker should be as per the IRC 35-2015 and as
directed by Engineer-in-charge.
21 A Providing and erecting a "W" metal beam crash barrier comprising 21
of 3 mm thick corrugated sheet metal beam rail, 29 cm above road /
ground level, fixed on ISMC series channel vertical post, 150 x 75 x
5 mm spaced 1.5 m centre to centre , 1.1 m above ground / road
level, all steel parts and fitments to be galvanised by hot dip process,
all fittings to conform to IS:1367 and IS:1364, metal beam rail to be
fixed on the vertical post with a spacer of channel section 150 x 75 x
5 mm, 800 mm long ,Fixed on 320 x 240 x 16 mm Base Plate With
Achor Bolt complete as per clause 810.3 mm ACM type reflector,
100mm wide and 4.5 m long type-4 class - B High Intensity grade
sheeting as IRC 67-2012 as per drawing complete as per clause 810.
22 Provision of an Reinforced cement concrete crash barrier at the edges 22
of the road, approaches to bridge structures and medians, constructed
with RCC with HYSD reinforcement conforming to MoRTH
Specification and as per details given IRC-5 including dowel bars 25
mm dia, 450 mm long at expansion joints filled with pre-moulded
asphalt filler board, keyed to the structure on which it is built and
installed as per design given in the enclosure to MOST circular No.
RW/NH - 33022/1/94-DO III dated 24 June 1994 as per dimensions
in the approved drawing Including Painting And Filling Side Gaps in
m 30 With PCC and at locations directed by the Engineer, all as
specified.

7
23 Supplying and fixing Jumbo bollard swiss type Made out of 1.5 mm 23
crc sheet height 188 cms. bottom dia 30 cm. top dia. 18 cm. with
direction plate of 45 cm dia. fabricated as per attached drawing, pre
treated with phospheting process paintad with apoxy coating
reflectorised with retro reflective sheetings specified by M.O.R.T &
H.'s latest specification.
24 Demolition including stacking of serviceable materilas and disposal 24
of unserviceable materials with all lead and lift. (i) R.C.C. work
25 Dismentling steel work including distempering and stacking the 25
materials with all lead and lift.
26 Excavation for foundatiuon upto 1.5 m depth incl. Sorting out & 26
stacking of useful material & disposing of the excavated stuff upto
50m. Lead. (B) Dense or hard soil.
27 Providing and laying controlled cement concrete M.150 for curing 27
complete excluding cost of formwork and reinforcement for
reinforced concrete work in (A) Foundations, footings, Base of
columns and Mass concrete
28 Supplying and fixing reinforced concrete heavy duty non-pressure 28
pipes with collars for culverts carrying heavy traffic as per IS 458-
1991 specifications including setting the pipes in C.M. 1:2 watering
and laying (to level or slopes) of class NP3 of following internal
daimeters. (v) 1200mm dia.
29 Providing and laying controlled cement concrete M.200 for curing 29
complete excluding cost of formwork and reinforcement for
reinforced concrete work in (A) Foundations, footings, Base of
columns and Mass concrete
30 Providing TMT Bar FE 500D reinforcement for R.C.C. work 30
including bending, binding and placing in position complete upto
floor two level.
31 Dismentalling the existing structure including removing & stacking 31
the dismentalled materials as and where directed.
32 Excavation for foundation in sand, gravel, clay soft soils and murrum 32
etc. including shoring, strutting dewatering as necessary and
disposing of the excavated stuff as directed. (A) Depth upto 3.0 M.
and lead upto 100m for 10 Cum
33 Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-250 for 33
RCC raft and cut off walls including shuttering, laying, vibrating,
ramming, and curing complete.
34 Providing and casting in situ controlled cement concrete M - 300 34
for R.C.C. solid slab including centering, scaffolding, curing &
finishing comp.. (including Apoxy Painting of Exterior Surface)
35 Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-300 for 35
average 75mm thick wearing cost laid as directed including tamping,
vibrating finishing curing and complate.
36 Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-250 for 36
kerb/kerb blocks including formwork, curing and finishing complete.
37 Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-300 for 37
approach slab including formwork curing and finishing complete.
38 Providing and placing in position FE 500D bar reinforcement for 38
following items including cutting bending hooking and tying
complete as per detailed drawing.

8
 39 Providing and laying weep holes in abutments and return by using 39
PVC pipes of 100 mm. diameter incl. laying in proper grade and
jointing etc. comp. as per detailed drawings.
40 Providing and fixing post and pipe railing as per detailed drawing 40
including 3 coats of painting to steel works complete.
41 Provding P.V.C. 100 mm diameter water spouts including necessary 41
iron gratings as per drawings.
42 Providing Pre-moulded asphalt filler joints as per drawings. (A) 42
12mm
43 Providing and laying rubble for appron (each stone weighing not less 43
than 40 Kg.) including packing & filling in the interestices with
quarry spall.
44 Providing and laying filter media 600 mm thick as directed at the 44
back of abutments, returns and wing walls as per detailed
specification.
45 Providing and filling sand behind abutments and between returns in 45
layers as directed.
46 Providing Diversion of road 5.50 mt Width (having 7.0 mt Formation 46
Width) for Structure by Providing & spreading Earth Work, 200 mm
GSB-1, 200 mm GSB-1 and 50 mm BM. The Length of Road is
Depend on site condition etc as directed by Engineer in Charge.(The
diversion shall be maintainance & Repair in all weather Season.No
Any extra Payment shall be made for maintenace & repair work of
Diversion)

Deputy Executive Engineer Executive Engineer

R&B Sub-Division R&B Division
Bhiloda Modasa

9
 SPECIFICATIONS

Item No.1
Clearing and grubbing road land including uprooting rank vegetation grass bushes, shrubs,
sapling and trees girth up to 300 mm removal of stumps of trees cut earlier and disposal of
unserviceable materials (C) By mechanical means in area of light jungle.

201. CLEARING AND GRUBING

201.1. Scope
This work shall consist of cutting, removing and disposing of all materials such as trees,
bushes, shrubs, stumps, roots, grass, weeds, top organic soil etc. to an average depth of 150mm in
thickness, which in the opinion of the Engineer arc unsuitable for incorporation in the works,
from the area of road land containing road embankment, drains, cross-drainage structures and
such other areas as may be specified on the drawings or by the Engineer. It shall include
necessary excavation, backfilling of pits resulting from uprooting of trees and stumps to
required compaction, handling, salvaging, and disposal of cleared materials with all lead and
lift. Clearing and grubbing shall be performed in advance of earthwork operations and in
accordance with the requirements of these specifications.
201.2. Preservation of Property/Amenities
Roadside trees, shrubs, any other plants, pole lines, fences, signs, monuments,
buildings, pipelines, sewers and all highway facilities within or adjacent to the highway which are
not to be disturbed shall be protected from injury or damage. The Contractor shall provide
and install at his own cost, suitable safeguards approved by the Engineer for this purpose.
During clearing and grubbing, the Contractor shall take all adequate precautions against soil
erosion, water pollution, etc., and where required, undertake additional works to that effect vide
Clause 306 (as per Page No. 77 in MORTH specification booklet). Before start of operations,
the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer for approval, his work plan including the procedure
to be followed for disposal of waste materials etc. and the schedules for carrying out
temporary and permanent erosion control works as stipulated in Clause 306.3 (as per Page
No. 78 in MORTH specification booklet).
201.3. Methods, Tools and Equipments
Only such methods, tools and equipment as are approved by the Engineer and which
will not affect any property to be preserved shall be adopted for the work. If the area has
thick vegetation/roots/trees, a crawler or pneumatic tyred dozer of adequate capacity may be
used for clearance purposes. The dozer shall have ripper attachments for removal of tree
stumps. All trees, stumps, etc., failing within excavation and fill lines shall be cut to such
depth below ground level that in no case these fall within 500 mm of the subgrade. Also, all
vegetation such as roots, under-growth, grass and other deleterious matter unsuitable for
incorporation in the embankment/subgrade shall be removed between fill lines to the
satisfaction of the Engineer. All branches of trees extending above the roadway shall be
trimmed as directed by the Engineer.
All excavations below the general ground level arising out of the removal of trees, stumps,
etc., shall be filled with suitable material and compacted thoroughly so as to make the surface at
these points conform to the surrounding area.
Ant-hills both above and below the ground, as are liable to collapse and obstruct free
subsoil water flow shall be removed and their workings, which may extend to several metres
shall be suitably treated.

10
201.4. Disposal of Materials
All materials arising from clearing and grubbing operations shall be taken over and shall
be disposed of by the Contractor at suitable disposal sites with all lead and lift. The disposal shall
be in accordance with local, State and Central regulations.
201.5. Measurements for Payment
Clearing and grubbing for road embankment, drains and cross-drainage structures shall be
measured on area basis in terms of Hectares. Cutting of trees upto 300mm in girth and removal of
their stumps, including removal of stumps upto 300mm in girth left over after trees have been cut
by any other agency and trimming of branches of trees extending above the roadway and back
filling to the required compaction shall be considered incidental to the clearing and grubbing
operations. Clearing and grubbing of borrow areas shall be deemed to have been included in the
rates quoted for the embankment construction item and no separate payment shall be made for
the same.
Ground levels shall be taken prior to and after clearing and grubbing. Levels taken prior
to clearing and grubbing shall be the base level and will be accordingly used for assessing the
depth of clearing and grubbing and computation of quantity of any unsuitable material which is
required to be removed. The levels taken subsequent to clearing and grubbing shall be the base
level for computation of earthwork for embankment.
Cutting of trees, excluding removal of stumps and roots of trees of girth above 300 mm
shall be measured in terms of number according to the girth sizes given below: -
i) Above 300 mm to 600 mm
ii) Above 600 mm to 900 mm
iii) Above 900 mm to 1800 mm
iv) Above 1800 mm
Removal of stumps and roots including back filling with suitable material to required
compaction shall be a separate item and shall be measured in terms of number according to
the sizes given below:-
i) Above 300 mm to 600 mm
ii) Above 600 mm to 900 mm
iii) Above 900 mm to 1800 mm
iv) Above 1800 mm
For this purpose of cutting of trees and removal of roots and stumps, the girth shall be
measured at a height of 1 metre above ground or at the top of the stump if the height of
the stump is less than one metre from the ground.
201.6. Rates
206.6.1 The Contract unit rates for the various items of clearing and grubbing shall be
payment in full for carrying out the required operations including full compen sation for all
labour, materials, tools, equipment and incidentals necessary to complete the work. These will
also include removal of stumps of trees less than 300mm girth excavation and back -filling to
required density, where necessary and handling, giving credit towards salvage value disposing
of the cleared materials with all lifts and leads. Clearing and grubbing done in excess of 150
mm by the Contractor shall be made good by the Contractor at his own cost as per Clause
301.3.3 to the satisfaction of the Engineer prior to taking up earthwork. Where clearing and
grubbing is to be done to a level beyond 150 mm, due to site considerations, as directed by the
Engineer, the extra quantity shall be measured and paid separately.
201.6.2 The Contract unit rate for cutting trees of girth above 300 mm shall include handling,
giving credit towards salvage value disposing of the cleared materials with all lifts and leads.
201.6.3 The Contract unit rate for removal of stumps and roots of trees girth above300 mm
shall include excavation and backfilling with suitable material to required compaction,
handling, giving credit towards salvage value disposing of the cleared materials with all lifts
and leads.

11
201.6.4 The Contract unit rate is deemed to include credit towards value of usable materials,
salvage value of unusable material and off-set price of cut trees and stumps belonging to the
forest Department. The off-set price of cut trees and stumps belonging to the Forest
Department shall be deducted from the amount due to the Contractor and deposited with the
State Forest Department. In case the cut trees and stumps are required to be deposited with
the Forest Department the Contractor shall do so and no deduction towards the off -set price
shall be effected. The offset price shall be as per guidelines I estimates of the state Forest
Department.
201.6.5 Where a Contract does not include separate items of clearing and grubbing, the
same shall be considered incidental to the earthwork items and the Contract unit prices for the
same shall be considered as including clearing and grubbing operations.

The payment shall be made on Hect. basis.

Item No.2
Earthwork for embankment including breaking clods, dressing with all lead and lift
(excluding watering and consolidation) (B) From all lead and lift.

305 EMBANKMENT CONSTRUCTION

305.1 General:
305.1.1 Description:
These Specifications shall apply to the construction of embankments including sub grades, earthen
shoulders and miscellaneous backfills with approved materials obtained from roadway and drain
excavation, borrow pits or other sources. All embankments, sub grades, earthen shoulders and
miscellaneous backfills shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of these
specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades, and cross-sections shown on the drawings or
as directed by the Engineer.

305.2 Materials and General Requirements.

305.2.1 Physical requirements :
305.2.1.1 The materials used in embankments, sub grades, earthen shoulders and
miscellaneous backfills shall be soil, murrum, gravel, a mixture of these or any other material
approved by the Engineer. Such materials shall be free of logs, stumps, roots, rubbish or any other
ingredient likely to deteriorate or affect the stability of the embankment sub grade.
The following types of material shall be considered unsuitable for embankment:
(a) Materials from swamps, marshes and bogs;
(b) Peat, log, stump and perishable material; and soil that classifies as OL,OI, OH or Pt in
accordance with IS:1498;
(c) Materials susceptible to spontaneous combustion;
(d) Materials in a frozen condition;
(e) Clay having liquid limit exceeding 50 and plasticity index exceeding 25; and
(f) Materials with salts resulting in leaching in the embankment.
305.2.1.2 Expansive clay exhibiting marked swell and shrinkage, properties (“free swelling
index” exceeding 50 percent when tested as per IS:2720-Part 40) shall not be used as a fill material.
Where an expansive clay with acceptable “free swelling index” value is used as a fill material, sub
grade and top 500mm portion of the embankment just below sub grade shall be non-expansive in
nature.

12
305.2.1.3 Any fill material with a soluble sulphate content exceeding 1.9 grams of sulphate
(expressed as SO3) per liter when tested in accordance with BS:1377 Part-3, but using a 2:1 water-
soil ratio shall not be deposited within 500 mm or other distance described in the Contract),
permanent works constructed out of concrete, cement bound materials or other cementations
materials.
Materials with a total sulphate content (expressed as SO3) exceeding 0.5 per cent by mass, when
tested in accordance with BS: 1377, Part 3 shall not be deposited within 500 mm or other distances
described in the contract, of metallic items forming part of the Permanent Works.
305.2.1.4 The size of the coarse material in the mixture of earth shall ordinarily not exceed
75mm when being placed in the embankment and 50 mm when placed in the sub grade. However,
the Engineer may at his discretion permit the use of material coarser than this also if he is satisfied
that the same will not present any difficulty as regards the placement of fill material and its
compaction to the requirements of these specifications. The maximum particle size shall not be more
than two-thirds of the compacted layer thickness.
305.2.1.5 Ordinarily, only the materials satisfying the density requirements given in Table 300-
1 shall be employed for the construction of the embankment and the sub grade.

TABLE 300-1. DENSITY REQUIREMENTS OF EMBANKMENT AND SUBGRADE MATERIALS

S.No. Type of work Maximum laboratory dry unit weight
when tested as per IS:2720(Part 8)
1. Embankments upto 3 metres height, not Not less than 15.2 kN/cu.m.
subjected to extensive flooding.
2. Embankments exceeding 3 metres height Not less than 16.0 kN/cu.m.
or embankments of any height subject to
long periods of inundation.
3. Subgrade and earthen shoulders/ Not less than 17.5 kN/cu.m.
Verges/backfill
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Notes: (1) This Table is not applicable for lightweight fill materials e.g. cinder, fly ash etc.
(2) The materials to be used in sub grade shall be non-expensive and shall satisfy design CBR at
the specified dry density and moisture content. In case the available materials fail to meet the
requirement of CBR, use of stabilization methods in accordance with Clause 403 and 404 or by any
stabilization method approved by the Engineer shall be followed.

305.2.1.6 The materials to be used in sub grade shall conform to the design CBR value at the
specified dry density and moisture content of the test specimen. In case the available materials fails
to meet the requirement of CBR, use of stabilization methods in accordance with Clause 403 and 404
or by any stabilization method approved by the Engineer or by the IRC Association Committee shall
be followed.
305.2.1.7 The materials to be used in high embankment construction shall satisfy the specified
requirements of strength parameters
305.2.2 General Requirements:
305.2.2.1 The materials for embankment shall be obtained from approved sources with
preference given to materials becoming available from nearby roadway excavation or any other
excavation under the same Contract.
The work shall be so planned and executed that the best available materials are saved for the sub
grade and the embankment portion just below the sub grade.
305.2.2.2 Borrow materials:
The arrangement for the source of supply of the materials for embankment and sub grade and
compliance with the guidelines, and environmental requirements, in respect of excavation and
borrow areas as stipulated, from time to time by the Ministry of Environment and Forests,
Government of India and the local bodies, as applicable, shall be the sole responsibility of the
Contractor.

13
Borrow pits along the road shall be discouraged. If permitted by the Engineer, these shall not be dug
continuously. Ridges of not less than 8 m width should be left at intervals not exceeding 300m.Small
drains shall be cut through the ridges to facilitate drainage. The depth of the pits shall be so
regulated that their bottom does not cut an imaginary line having a slope of 1 vertical to 4 horizontal
projected from the edge of the final section of the bank, the maximum depth in any case being limited
to 1.5 m. Also, no pit shall be dug within the offset width of a minimum of 10 m.
Haulage of material to embankments or other areas of fill shall proceed only when sufficient
spreading and compaction plant is operating at the place of deposition.
Where the excavation reveals a combination of acceptable and unacceptable materials, the
Contractor shall, unless otherwise agreed by the Engineer, carry out the excavation in such a manner
that the acceptable materials are excavated separately for use in the permanent works without
contamination by the unacceptable materials. The acceptable materials shall be stockpiled
separately.
The Contractor shall ensure that he does not adversely affect the stability of excavation or fills by the
methods of stockpiling materials, use of plants or sitting of temporary buildings or structures.

305.2.2.3 Fly-Ash
User of fly-ash shall conform to the Ministry of Environment and Forest guidelines. Where fly-ash is
used the embankment construction shall conform to the physical and chemical properties and
requirements of IRC:SP:38-2001, “Guidelines for Use of Flyash in Road Construction”. The term fly-
ash shall cover all types of coal ash such as ponds ash, bottom ash or mound ash.
Embankment constructed out of fly ash shall be properly designed to ensure stability and protection
against erosion in accordance with IRC guidelines. A suitable thick cover may preferably be provided
at intervening layers of pond as for this purpose. A thick soil cover shall bind the edge of the
embankment to protect it against erosion. Minimum thickness of such soil cover shall be 500mm.

305.2.2.4 Compaction Requirements

The Contractor shall obtain representative samples from each of the identified borrow areas and
have these tested at the site laboratory following a testing programme approved by the Engineer. It
shall be ensured that the sub grade material when compacted to the density requirements as in
Table 300-2 shall yield the design CBR value of the sub grade.

TABLE 300-2. COMOPACTION REQUIREMENTS FOR EMBANKMENT AND SUBGRADE.

Type of work/material Relative compaction as percentage of
max. laboratory dry density as per
IS:2720 (Part 8)

1. Sub grade and earthen shoulders Not less than 97%

2. Embankment Not less than 95%
3. Expansive Clays
a) Sub grade and 500mm.portion Not allowed.
Just below the sub grade.
b) Remaining portion of embankment Not less than 90-95%

The Contractor shall at least 7 working days before commencement of compaction submit the
following to the Engineer for approval :
(i) The values of maximum dry density and optimum content obtained in accordance with
IS:2720 (Part 8), appropriate for each of the fill materials he intends to use.
(ii) A graph of density plotted against moisture content from which each of the values in
(i) above of maximum dry density and optimum moisture content were determined.
The maximum dry density and optimum moisture content approved by the Engineer, it shall form
the basis for compaction.

305.3 Construction Operations :

14
305.3.1 Setting Out
After the site has been cleared to Clause 201, the work shall be set out to Clause 301.3.1.The limits of
embankment/sub grade shall be marked by fixing batter pegs on both sides at regular intervals as
guides before commencing the earthwork. The embankment/sub grade shall be built sufficiently
wider than the design dimension so that surplus material may be trimmed, ensuring that the
remaining material is to be desired density and the position specified and conforms to the specified
side slopes.

305.3.2 Dewatering
If the foundation of the embankment is in an area with stagnant water, and in the opinion of the
Engineer it is feasible to remove it, the same shall be removed by bailing out or pumping, as directed
by the Engineer and the area of the embankment foundation shall be kept dry. Care shall be taken to
discharge the drained water so as not to cause damage to the works, crops or any other property.
Due to any negligence on the part of the Contractor, if any such damage is caused, it shall be the sole
responsibility of the Contractor to repair./restore it to original condition or compensate the damage
at his own cost.
If the embankment is to be constructed under water, Clause 305.4.6 shall apply.

305.3.3 Stripping and Storing topsoil

In localities where most of the available embankment materials are not conducive to plant growth, or
when so directed by the Engineer, the topsoil from all areas of cutting and from all areas to be
covered by embankment foundation shall be stripped to specified depths not exceeding 150 mm and
stored in stockpiles of height not exceeding 2 m for covering embankment slopes, cut slopes and
other disturbed areas where re-vegetation is desired. Topsoil shall not be unnecessarily trafficked
either before stripping or when in a stockpile. Stockpiles shall not be surcharged or otherwise loaded
and multiple handling shall be kept to a minimum.
305.3.4 Compacting ground supporting embankment/Sub grade:
Where necessary, the original ground shall be leveled to facilitate placement of first layer of
embankment, scarified, mixed with water and then compacted by rolling in accordance with Clause
305.3.5 and 305.3.6 so as to achieve minimum dry density as given in Table 300-2.
In case where the difference between the sub grade level (top of the sub grade on which pavement
rests) and ground level is less than 0.5 m and the ground does not have 97 per cent relative
compaction with respect to the dry density as given in Table 300-2, the ground shall be loosened up
to a level 0.5m below the sub grade level, watered and compacted in layers in accordance with
Clauses 305.3.5 and 305.3.6 to achieve dry density not less than 97 percent relative compaction as
given in Table 300-2.
Where so directed by the Engineer, any unsuitable material occurring in the embankment foundation
(500mm portion just below the sub-grade) shall be removed and replaced by approved materials
laid in layers to the required degree of compaction.
Any foundation treatment specified for embankments especially high embankments, resting on
suspect foundations as revealed by borehole logs shall be carried out in a manner and to the depth as
desired by the Engineer. Where the ground on which an embankment is to be built has any of the
material types (a) to (f) in Clause 305.2.1, atleast 500 mm of such material must be removed and
replaced by acceptable fill material before embankment construction commences.

305.3.5 Spreading material in layers and bringing to appropriate moisture content

305.3.5.1 The embankment and sub grade material shall be spread in layers of uniform
thickness in the entire width with a motor grader. The compacted thickness of each layer shall not be
more than 250mm when vibratory roller / vibratory soil compactor is used and not more than 200
mm when 80-100 kN static roller is used. The motor grader blade shall have hydraulic control
suitable for initial adjustment and maintain the same so as to achieve the specific slope and grade.
Successive layers shall not be placed until the layer under construction has been thoroughly
compacted to the specified requirements as in Table 300-2 and got approved by the Engineer. Each
compacted layer shall be finished parallel to the final cross-section of the embankment.

15
305.3.5.2 Moisture content of the material shall be checked at the site of placement prior to
commencement of compaction; if found to be out of agreed limits, the same shall be made good.
Where water is required to be added in such constructions, water shall be sprinkled from a water
tanker fitted with sprinkler capable of applying water uniformly with a controllable rate of flow to
variable widths of surface but without any flooding. The water shall be added uniformly and
thoroughly mixed in soil by balding, dicing or barrowing until a uniform moisture content is obtained
throughout the depth of the layer.
If the material delivered to the roadbed is too wet, it shall be dried, by aeration and exposure to the
sun, till the moisture content is acceptable for compaction. Should circumstances arise, where owing
to wet weather, the moisture content can not be reduced to the required amount by the above
procedure, compaction work shall be suspended.
Moisture content of each layer of soil shall be checked in accordance with IS:2720 (Part 2), and
unless otherwise mentioned, shall be so adjusted, making due allowance for evaporation losses, that
at the time of compaction it is in the range of 1 per cent above to 2 per cent below the optimum
moisture content determined in accordance with IS:2720 (Part 8) as the case may be. Expansive
clays shall, however, be compacted at moisture content corresponding to the specified dry density,
but on the wet side of the optimum moisture content obtained from the laboratory compaction
curve.
After adding the required amount of water, the soil shall be processed by means of graders, harrows,
rotary mixers or as otherwise approved by the Engineer until the layer is uniformly wet.
Clods or hard lumps of earth shall be broken to have a maximum size of 75 mm when being placed in
the embankment and a maximum size of 50 mm when being placed in the sub grade.

305.3.5.3 Embankment and other areas of fill shall, unless otherwise required in the Contract
or permitted by the Engineer, be constructed evenly over their full width and their fullest possible
extent and the Contractor shall control and direct construction plant and other vehicular traffic
uniformly over them. Damage by construction plant and other vehicular traffic shall be made good by
the Contractor with material having the same characteristics and strength as the material had before
it was damaged.
Embankments and other areas of unsupported fills shall not be constructed with steeper side slopes,
or to greater widths than those shown in the Contract, except to permit adequate compaction at the
edges before trimming back, or to obtain the final profile following any settlement of the fill and the
underlying material.
Whenever fill is to be deposited against the face of a natural slope, or sloping earthworks face
including embankments, cutting, another fills and excavations steeper than 1 vertical on 4 horizontal,
such faces shall be benched as per Clause 305.4.1 immediately before placing the subsequent fill.
All permanent faces of side slopes of embankments and other areas of fill formed shall, subsequent
to any trimming operations, be reworked and sealed to the satisfaction of the Engineer by tracking a
tracked vehicle, considered suitable by the Engineer, on the slope or any other method approved by
the Engineer.

305.3.6 Compaction
Only the compaction equipment approved by the Engineer shall be employed to compact the
different material types encountered during construction. Static three wheeled roller, self propelled
single drum vibratory roller, tandem vibratory roller, pneumatic type roller, pad foot roller etc. of
suitable size and capacity as approved by the Engineer shall be used for the different types and
grades of materials required to be compacted either individually or in suitable combinations.
The compaction shall be done with the help of self propelled single drum vibratory roller or pad foot
vibratory roller of 80 to 100 kN static weight or heavy pneumatic type roller of adequate capacity
capable of achieving the required compaction. The contractor shall demonstrate the efficacy of the
equipment he intends to use by carrying out compaction trails. The procedure to be adopted for
these site trials shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval.

16
Earthmoving plant shall not be accepted as compaction equipment nor shall the use of a lighter
category of plant to provide any preliminary compaction to assist the use of heavier plant be taken
into account.
Each layer of the material shall be thoroughly compacted to the densities specified in Table 300-2.
Subsequent layers shall be placed only after the finished layer has been tested according to Clause
903.2.2 and accepted by the Engineer. The Engineer may permit measurement of field dry density by
a nuclear moisture/density guage used in accordance with agreed procedure and the guage is
calibrated to provide results identical to that obtained from tests in accordance with IS: 2720 (Part
28). A record of the same shall be maintained by the Contractor.
When density measurements reveal any soft areas in the embankments / subgrade / earthen
shoulders, further compaction shall be carried out as directed by the Engineer. If inspite of that the
specified compaction is not achieved, the material in the soft areas shall be removed and replaced by
approved material, compacted using appropriate mechanical means such as light weight vibratory
roller, double drum walk behind roller, vibratory plate compactor, trench compactor or vibratory
tamper to the density requirements and satisfaction of the Engineer.

305.3.7 Drainage
The surface of the embankment/subgrade at all times during construction shall be maintained at
such a cross fall (not flatter than that required for effective drainage of an earthen surface) as will
shed water and prevent ponding.

305.3.8 Repairing of damages caused by rain/spillage of water :

The soil in the affected portion shall be removed in such areas as directed by the Engineer before
next layer is laid and refilled in layers and compacted using appropriate mechanical means such as
small vibratory roller, plate compactor or power rammer to achieve the required density in
accordance with Clause 305.3.6 If the cut is not sufficiently wide for use of required mechanical
means for compaction, the same shall be widened suitably to permit their use for proper compaction.
Tests shall be carried out as directed by the Engineer to ascertain the density requirements of the
repaired area. The work of repairing the damages including widening of the cut, if any, shall be
carried out by the Contractor at his own cost, including the arranging of machinery/equipment for
the purpose.
305.3.9 Finishing operations:
Finishing operations shall include the work of shaping and dressing the shoulders/verge/ roadbed
and side slopes to conform to the alignment, levels, cross sections and dimensions shown on the
drawings or as directed by the Engineer subject to the surface tolerance described in Clause 902.
Both the upper and lower ends of the side slopes shall be rounded off to improve appearance and to
merge the embankment with the adjacent terrain.
The topsoil, removed and conserved earlier (Clause 301.3.2 and 305.3.3) shall be spread over the fill
slopes as per directions of the Engineer to facilitate the growth of vegetation. Slopes shall be
roughened and moisture slightly prior to the application of the topsoil in order to provide
satisfactory bond. The depth of the top soil shall be sufficient to sustain plant growth, the usual
thickness being from 75 mm to 150 mm.
Where directed, the slopes shall be turfed with sods in accordance with Clause 307. If seeding and
mulching of slopes is prescribed, this shall be done to the requirement of Clause 308.
When earthwork operations have been substantially completed, the road area shall be cleared of all
debris, and ugly scars in the construction area responsible for objectionable appearance eliminated.

305.4 Construction of Embankment and subgrade under special conditions.

305.4.1 Earthwork for widening existing road embankment :
When an existing embankment and/or subgrade is to be widened and its slopes are steeper than 1
vertical on 4 horizontal , continuous horizontal benches, each at least 300 mm wide, shall be cut into
the old slope for ensuring adequate bond with the fresh embankment/subgrade material to be
added. The material obtained from cutting of benches could be utilized in the widening of the
embankment/subgrade. However when the existing slope against which the fresh material is to be

17
placed is flatter than 1 vertical on 4 horizontal, the slope surface may only be ploughed or scarified
instead of resorting to benching.

Where the width of the widened portions is insufficient to permit the use of conventional rollers,
compaction shall be carried out with the help of small vibratory rollers/plate compactors/power
rammers or any other appropriate equipment approved by the Engineer. End dumping of material
from trucks for widening operations shall be avoided except in difficult circumstances when the
extra width is too narrow to permit the movement of any other types of hauling equipment.

305.4.2 Earthwork for embankment and subgrade to be placed against sloping ground
Where an embankment /subgrade is to be placed against sloping ground, the latter shall be
appropriately benched or ploughed/scarified as required in Clause 305.4.1 before placing the
embankment/subgrade material. Extra earthwork involved in benching or due to
ploughing/scarifying etc. shall be considered incidental to the work.
For wet conditions, benches with slightly inward fall and subsoil drains at the lowest point shall be
provided as per the drawings, before the fill is placed against sloping ground.
Where the contract requires construction of transverse subsurface drain at the cut-fill interface,
work on the same shall be carried out to Clause 309 in proper sequence with the embankment and
subgrade work as approved by the Engineer.

305.4.3 Earthwork over existing road surface:-

Where the embankment is to be placed over an existing road surface, the work shall be carried out as
indicated below:-
(i) If the existing road surface is of granular or bituminous type and lies within 1 m of the new
formation levels, it shall be scarified to a depth of 50mm or as directed so as to provide ample bond
between the old and new material ensuring that at least 500 mm portion below the top of new
subgrade level is compacted to the desired density.
(ii) If the existing road surface is of bituminous type or cement concrete type and lies within 1 m
of the new formation level, the bituminous or cement concrete layer shall be removed completely.
(iii) If the level difference between the existing road surface and the new formation level is more
than 1 m. the existing surface shall be roughened after ensuring that the minimum thickness of
500mm of subgrade is available.

305.4.4 Embankment and subgrade around structures :-

To avoid interference with the construction of abutments, wing walls or return walls of
culvert/bridge structures, the Contractor shall, at points to be determined by the Engineer suspend
work on embankment forming approaches to such structures, until such time as the construction of
the latter is sufficiently advanced to permit the completion of approaches without the risk of damage
to the structure.
Unless directed otherwise, the filling around culverts, bridges and other structures upto a distance of
twice the height of the road from the back of the abutment shall be carried out independent of the
work on the main embankment. The fill material shall not be placed against any abutment or wing
wall, unless permission has been given by the Engineer but in any case not until the concrete or
masonry has been in position for 14 days. The embankment and subgrade shall be brought up
simultaneously in equal layers on each side of the structure to avoid displacement and unequal
pressure. The sequence of work in this regard shall be got approved from the Engineer.
The material used for backfill shall not be an organic soil or highly plastic clay having plasticity index
and liquid limit more than 20 and 40 respectively when tested according to IS: 2720 (Part 5) .Filling
behind abutments and wing walls for all structures shall conform to the general guidelines given in
IRC: 78. The fill material shall be deposited in horizontal layers in loose thickness and compacted
thoroughly to the requirements of Table 300-2.
Where the provision of any filter medium is specified behind the abutment, the same shall be laid in
layers simultaneously with the laying of fill material. The material used for filter shall conform to the
requirements for filter medium spelt out in Clause 2504 unless otherwise specified in the Contract.

18
Where it may be impracticable to use conventional rollers, the compaction shall be carried out by
appropriate mechanical means such as small vibratory roller, plate compactor or power rammer.
Care shall be taken to see that the compaction equipment does not hit or come too close to any
structural member so as to cause any damage to them or excessive pressure against the structure.

305.4.5 Construction of embankment over ground incapable of supporting construction equipment.

Where embankment is to be constructed across ground which will not support the weight of
repeated heavy loads of construction equipment, the first layer of the fill may be constructed by
placing successive loads of material in a uniformly distributed layer of a minimum thickness
required to support the construction equipment as permitted by the Engineer. The Contractor, if so
desired by him, may also use suitable geosynthetic material to increase the bearing capacity of the
foundation. This exception to normal procedure will not be permitted where, in the opinion of the
Engineer, the embankments could be constructed in the approved manner over such ground by the
use of lighter or modified equipment after proper ditching and drainage have been provided. Where
this exception is permitted, the selection of the material and the construction procedure to obtain an
acceptable layer shall be the responsibility of the Contractor. The cost of providing suitable traffic
conditions for construction equipment over any area of the Contract, will be the responsibility of the
Contractor and no extra payment will be made to him. The remainder of the embankment shall be
constructed as specified in Clause 305.3.

305.4.6 Embankment construction under water and Water logged areas

305.4.6.1 Embankment construction under water
Where filling or backfilling is to be placed under water, only acceptable granular material or rock
shall be used unless otherwise approved by the Engineer. Acceptable granular material shall be of
GW, SW, GP, SP as per IS:1498 and consist of graded, hard durable particles with maximum particle
size not exceeding 75mm. The material should be non-plastic having uniformity coefficient of not
less than 10. The material placed in open water shall be deposited by end tipping without
compaction.
305.4.6.2 Embankment construction in waterlogged and Marshy Areas :
The work shall be done as per IRC:34.
305.4.7 Earthwork for high embankment :-
The material for high embankment construction shall conform to Clause 302.2.1.7. In the case of high
embankments (more than 6 m), the Contractor shall normally use fly ash in conformity with Clause
305.2.1.1 or the material from the approved borrow area.
Where provided, stage construction of embankment and controlled rates of filling shall be carried
out in accordance with the Contract including installation of instruments and its monitoring.
Where required, the contractor shall surcharge embankments or other areas of fill with approved
material for the periods specified in the Contract. If settlement of surcharged fill results in any
surcharging fill results the Contractor shall bring the resultant level upto formation level with
acceptable materials for use in fill.

305.4.8 Settlement period

Where settlement period is specified in the Contract, the embankment shall remain in place for the
required settlement period before excavating for abutment, wing wall, retaining wall, footings, etc. or
driving foundation piles. The duration of the required settlement period at each location shall be as
provided for in the contract or as directed by the Engineer.

305.5 Plying of Traffic

Construction and other vehicular traffic shall not use the prepared surface of the embankment
and/or subgrade without the prior permission of the Engineer. Any damage arising out of such use
shall, however be made good by the Contractor at his own expense as directed by the Engineer.

305.6 Surface Finish and Quality Control of Work

19
The surface finish of construction of subgrade shall conform to the requirements of Clause 902.
Control on the quality of materials and works shall be exercised in accordance with Clause 903.

305.7 Subgrade Strength

It shall be ensured prior to actual execution that the borrow area material to be used in the subgrade
satisfies the requirements of design CBR.
Subgrade shall be compacted and finished to the design strength consistent with other physical
requirements. The actual laboratory CBR values of constructed subgrade shall be determined on
remoulded samples, compacted to the field density at the field moisture content and tested for
soaked / unsoaked condition as specified in the contract.

305.8 Measurements for Payment

305.8.1 Earth embankment/subgrade construction shall be measured separately by taking cross
sections at intervals given in Sub-section 113.3 after completion of clearing and grubbing and after
completion of embankment / sub-grade. The volume of earthwork in cubic metres by the method of
average end areas.

305.8.2 The measurement of fill material from borrow areas shall be the difference between the net
quantities of compacted fill and the net quantities of suitable material brought from roadway and
drainage excavation. For this purpose, it shall be assumed that one cum. of suitable material brought
to site from road and drainage excavation forms one cu.m. of compacted fill and all bulking or
shrinkage shall be ignored.
305.8.3 The embankment constructed with fly ash will be measured in cum, separately for the fly ash
portions and for the soil cover and intervening layers of soil, unless otherwise specified in the
contract.
305.8.4 Construction of embankment under water shall be measured in cu.m.
305.8.5 Construction of high embankment with specified material and in specified manner shall be
measured in cu.m.
305.8.6 Stripping including storing and reapplication of topsoil shall be measured in cu.m.
305.8.7 Work involving loosening and recompacting of ground supporting embankment / subgrade
shall be measured in cu.m.
305.8.8 Removal of unsuitable material at embankment/subgrade foundation and replacement with
suitable material shall be measured in Cu.m.
305.8.9 Scarifying existing granular/bituminous road surface shall be measured in Square metres.
305.8.10 Dismentaling and removal of existing cement concrete pavement shall be measured
vide Clause 202.6.
305.8.11 Filter medium and backfill material behind abutments, wing walls and other retaining
structures shall be measured as finished work in position in cu.m.

305.9 RATES:
The Contract unit rates for the items of embankment and subgrade construction shall be payment in
full for carrying out the required operations including full compensation for :
(i) Cost of arrangement of land as a source of supply of material of required quantity for
construction unless provided other wise in the contract.
(ii) Setting out;
(iii) Compacting ground supporting embankment/subgrade except where removal and
replacement of unsuitable material or loosening and recompacting is involved;
(iv) Scarifying or cutting continuous horizontal benches 300mm wide on side slopes of existing
embankment and subgrade as applicable;
(v) Cost of watering or drying of material in borrow areas and/or embankment and subgrade
during construction as required;
(vi) Spreading in layers, bringing to appropriate moisture content and compacting to
specification requirements;

20
(vii) Shaping and dressing top and slopes of the embankment and subgrade including rounding of
corners;
(viii) Restricted working at sites of structures;
(ix) Working on narrow width of embankment and subgrade,
(x) Excavation in all soils from borrow pits/designated borrow areas including clearing and
grubbing and transporting the material to embankment and subgrade site with all lifts and leads
unless otherwise provided for in the contractor.
(xi) All labour, material, tools, equipment and incidentals necessary to complete the work to the
Specifications;
(xii) Dewatering, and
(xiii) Keeping the embankment/completed formation free of water as per Clause 311.
(xiv) Transporting unsuitable excavated material for disposal with all leads and lifts.
305.9.2 Clause 301.9.5 shall apply as regards Contract unit rates for items of stripping and
storing top soil and of reapplication of topsoil.
305.9.3. Clause 301.9.2 shall apply as regards Contract unit rate for the item of loosening and
recompacting the embankment / subgrade foundation.
305.9.4. Clauses 309.1.1 and 305.8 shall apply as regards Contract rates for items of removal
of unsuitable material and replacement with suitable material respectively.
305.9.5. The Contract unit rate for scarifying existing granular/bi¬tuminous road surface shall
be payment in full for carrying out the required operations including full compensation for all labour,
materials, tools, equipment and incidentals, necessary to complete the work. This will also comprise
of handling, giving credit towards salvage value and disposal of the dismantled materials with all
leads and lifts or as otherwise specified.
305.9.6. Clause 202.7 shall apply as regards Contract unit rate for dismantling and removal of
existing cement concrete pavement.
305.9.7. The Contract unit rate for providing and laying filter material behind abutments shall
be payment in full for carrying out the required operations including all materials, labour, tools,
equipment and incidentals to complete the work to Specifications.
305.9.8. The Contract unit rate for providing and compacting backfill material behind
abutments and retaining walls shall be payment in full for carrying out the required operations
including all materials, labour, tools, equipment and incidentals to complete the work to
Specifications.
305.9.9. Clause 305.4.6 shall apply as regards Contract unit rate for construction of
embankment under water.
305.9.10. Clause 305.4.7 shall apply as regards Contract unit rate for construction of high
embankment. It shall include cost of instru¬mentation, its monitoring and settlement period, where
specified in the Contract or directed by the Engineer.
In case the Contract unit rate specified is not inclusive of all leads, the unit rate for
transporting material beyond the initial lead, as specified in the contract for construction of
embankment and subgrade shall be inclusive of full compensation for all labour, equipment, tools
and incidentals necessary on account of the additional haul or transportation involved beyond the
specified initial lead.

Measurement shall be taken and paid in Cu.m.

21
Item No.3
Rolling and consolidation using vibratory road roller 8-10 tonne capacity (incl. watering) (A)
Earthwork (layer not exceeding 200 mm thickness)

1. For spreading materials in layers and bringing the appropriate moisture content, the
embankment materials shall be spread uniformly over the entire width of the embankment in layers
not exceeding 250mm in loose thickness. Successive layers of embankment shall not be placed until
the layer under construction has been thoroughly compacted to the requirements set down here
under :-
Moisture content of the materials shall be checked at the source of supply and if found less
than that specified for compaction, the same, shall be made good either at the source or after
spreading the soil in loose thickness for compaction. In the latter case, water shall be sprinkled
directly from a hoseline or from a truck mounted water tank, and flooding shall not be permitted
under any circumstances.
If the materials delivered to the road bed is too wet it shall be dried, by evaporation and
exposure to the sun. till the moisture content is brought done to acceptable standard for compaction
Should circumstances arise. Where owing to wet weather, the moisture content cannot be reduced to
the required level by the above procedure, work of compaction shall be suspended.
Moisture content of each layer of soil shall be checked in accordance with IST 2720 (Part-ll)
and unless otherwise mentioned shall be so adjusted, making due allowance for evaporation losses,
that at the time of the compaction it is in the range of 1 percent to 2 percent below the optimum
moisture content determined in accordance with ISI (Part-VII). Highly expansive clays shall however
be compacted at 2 to 4 percent above the optimum moisture content
After adding the required amount of water, the soil shall be processed by means of harrows,
rotary mixers or as otherwise approved until the layer is uniformly wet. Clods or hard lumps of earth
shall be broken to have maximum size of 150mm when being placed in the lower layers of the
embankment and a maximum size of 60mm when being placed in the top 0.5 meter portion of the
embankment below the subgrade.
Hauling equipment shall be dispered uniformly over entire surface of the previously
constructed layer to minimize cutting of uneven compaction Where the embankment is to be
constructed on low area ground that will not support the weight of trucks of other hauling
equipment, the lower part of the fill should be constructed by dumpling successive loads in a
uniformly distributed layers of a thickness not greater than that necessary to support the hauling
equipment while placing subsequent layers.

2. COMPACTION :
Only compacting equipment approved by the Engineer-in-charge shall be employed to
compact the materials. The contractor shall demonstrate the efficiency of the plants he intents to use
for carrying out compaction trials.
Each layer of the materials shall be thoroughly compacted to the densities specified in Table
1.2 Table.
1.2 Compaction requirements for embankment.

Sr. Type of Work/materials Field dry density as per centage of maximum

No. laboratory dry density as per IS:2720 (Part-
VII)
1. Top 0.5 meter portion of embankment below Not less than 100.
subgrade level and shoulders.
2. Other portion of embankment. Not less than 95
3. Highly expensive class 85 to 90
Subsequent layers shall be placed only after finished layer has been tested according to
M.O.S.T. specification clause 902 and accepted by the Engineer-in-charge.
When density measurements reveal any soft areas in the embankment further compaction
shall be carried out as directed by the Engineer-in-charge. If insite of that the specified compaction is

22
not achieved, the materials in the soft areas shall be removed and replaced by approved materials
and compacted to the density requirement to the satisfaction of the Engineer-in-charge.

3. Measurements for Payment :

Consolidation of earth embankment construction shall be measured by taking cross section
at intervals in the original position before the work starts and after its completion and computing of
the volume of earthwork in cubic meters by the method of average and areas. The measurement of
fill material from borrow area shall be the difference between the net quantities of suitable materials
brought from roadway and drainage excavation. For this purpose it shall be assumed that one cubic
meter of suitable materials brought to site from roadway and drainage excavation from one cubic
meter of compacted fill and all bulking or shrinkage shall be ignored Stripping including storing and
reapplication of top soil shall be measured as volume in cubic meter.

4. The contract unit rate includes cost of mechanical roller required for consolidation including
ail labour, equipments fuel, hire charges, tolls, and incidentals necessary.

ITEM NO. 4
Providing, laying, and compacting Quarry spall for Road side shoulders including
spreading in uniform thickness, including rolling with vibratory roller 80-100 kN static wt.
to proper grade and camber including watering etc. complete.

1. The quarry spall shall be approved quarry as approved by the Executive Engineer, prior to
collection, filling of boxes shall not be allowed till the metal is broken to the specified size.

2. The quarry spall shall be as uniform in size as possible. The quarry spall shall be hard,
tough, solid, durable of black trap quarry of close texture, free from decay & weathering.
The stone shall be angular and roughly cubical is shape & round elongated or flaky
material shall be shall be rejected. No sound or long rubble or angular chips smaller than
size shall be allowed.

3. All unsound weathered or disintegrated stone obtain from the under surface layer of
the quarry or other layers of boulders shall be rejected.

4. Wherever any doubt as to whether above requirement are satisfied in whole or part of
the collection it shall be got screened by the Contractor if so ordered by the Executive
Engineer, and for which no extra payment shall be claimed by the contractor.

5. Any collection which does not fully satisfy the above requirement is liable to be rejected all
together.
6. White stacking materials the depositing should commence at one end of the K.M. and
carried continuously towards the other and unless the Executive Engineer shall direct
otherwise and as a rule measurements shall be taken after metal for half kilometer of Km.
has been fully collected. Any fraction of these distance shall be measured up.
7. Spreading coarse aggregates: The coarse aggregates shall be spread uniformly and evenly
upon the prepared sub grade/ sub-base/ base to proper profile by using templates plated

23
 across the road about 6m apart, in such quantities that the thickness of each compacted
layer is not more than 150mm. Wherever possible, approved spread the aggregates
uniformly so as to minimize the need for manual rectification afterwards. Aggregates
placed at locations which are inaccessible to the spreading equipment, may be spread in
one or more layers by any approved means so as to achieve the specified results.
The spreading shall be done from stockpiles along the side of the roadway or directly from
vehicles. No segregation of large or fine aggregates shall be allowed and the coarse
aggregate as spread shall be of uniform gradation with no pockets of fine material.

The surface of the aggregates spread shall be carefully checked with templates and all high
or low spots remedied by removing or adding aggregates as may be required. The surface
shall be checked frequently with a straight edge while spreading and rolling so as to
ensure a finished surface as per approved drawings.
The coarse aggregates shall not normally be spread more than 3 days in advance of
the subsequent construction operations.
. At the time of spreading Q.S. a small quantity (about 4 to 5 percent) of metal as
directed, shall be retained at the first instance. It shall be spread later on after
partial consolidates as required to rectify the camber and to fill up the hollows if any. No
extra amount shall be paid for this.
. The rate includes the cost of screening the Q.S. if any spreading, sectioning, with
template and adding reserved quota of metal, while rolling in progress for making
good hollows and camber
The surface shall be brought to the required camber which shall be checked at every
50 ft. (15 M.) by means off templates of while the necessary of the in between shall tested
by strings and corrected as required.
. The centre line shall first be marked in the sub grade which is properly consolidated
and has uniforms camber and grade as required.
The Q.S. shall be laid for a small length on 25 ft. (8 M.) and then the edge stones
shall be laid.
Pegs shall be driven in either side of the road and joined with strings true and
parallel with a distance between they equal to the width be laid oversize similarly.
The Q.S. shall be laid as close as possible so as too leave minimum possible
interstices and voids.
Before rolling is allowed on soling the side berms shall be filled up to the top of the
soling and at least 3'-0" (1 m) on either side so as to prevent metal layer getting disturbed
at times during rolling. The rate is inclusive of all the operations as stated above.
8 Rolling: Immediately following the spreading of the coarse aggregate, rolling shall be
started with rollers of 80 to 100 KN capacity tandem or vibratory rollers of 80 to 100 KN
static weight. The type of roller to be used shall be approved by the Engineer based on trial
run.
Except on super elevated portions where the rolling shall proceed from inner edge to
the outer, rolling shall begin from the edges gradually progressing to wares the center.
First the edge/ edges shall be compacted with roller running forward and backward. The
roller shall then move inward parallel to the center line of the road, in successive
passes uniformly lapping preceding tracks by at least one half widths.

24
 Rolling shall be discontinued when the aggregates are partially compacted with
sufficient void space in them to permit application of screenings. However, where
screenings are not to be applied, as in the case of crushed aggregate like brick metal,
laterite and Kankar, compaction shall be continued until the aggregates are
thoroughly keyed. During rolling, slight sprinkling of water may be done, if necessary.
Rolling shall not be done when the sub grade is soft or yielding or when it cause a wave-
like motion in the sub grade or sub-base course.
The rolled surface shall be checked transversely and longitudinally, with templates and
any irregularities corrected by loosening the surface, adding or removing necessary
amount of aggregates and re-rolling until the entire surface son forms to desired cross fall
(camber) and grade. In no case shall the use of screening be permitted to make up
depressions.
Material which gets crushed excessively during compaction or becomes segregated shall
be removed and replaced with suitable aggregates.
It shall be ensured that shoulders are built up simultaneously along with water
bound macadam course as per Clause 407.4.1.

9. Moisture content of the loose shall be checked in accordance with IS :2720 (Part 2) and
suitably adjusted by sparkling additional water from a truck mounted or trailer mounted
water tank and suitable for applying water uniforms and at controlled quantities to variable
for applying water uniforms and at controlled quantities to variable widths of surface or
other means approved by the Engineer so that, at the time of compaction, it is from I percent
above to 2 per cent below the optimum moisture content corresponding to IS : 2720 (Part 8).
While adding water, due allowance shall be made for evaporation losses. After water has
been added the material shall be processes b mechanical or other approved means like disc
harrows, rotators until the layer is uniformly wet.
Immediately thereafter rolling shall start. For a compacted each layer the compaction shall
be done with the help of a vibratory roller of minimum 80 of 100 KN static weight with plain
drum of pad foot drum of heavy pneumatic tyred roller of minimum 200 to 300 KN weight
having a minimum tyre pressure of 0.7 MN/m2 or equivalent capacity roller capable of
achieving the required compaction. Rolling shall commence at the lower edge and proceed
towards the centre for portions having cross fall on both sides.

Each pass of the roller shall uniformly overlap not less than one third of the track made in
the preceding pass. During rolling, the grade and cross fall (camber) shall be checked and any
high sports or depressions, which become apparent, corrected by removing or adding fresh
material. The speed of the roller shall not exceed 5 Km hour.

10. Surface Finish and Quality Control of Work

The surface finish of construction shall conform to the requirements of Clause 902.
Control on the quality of materials and works shall be exercised by the Engineer in
accordance with Section 900.

11. Arrangements for Traffic.

During the period of construe on, arrangement of traffic shall be maintained in
accordance with Clause 112.

25
 12. Measurements for Payment
Granular sub-base shall be measured as finished work in position in cubic metres, on cross
- sectional measurement on level basis as per mode of measurements of WBM surface of
M.C. metal.

The Protection of edges of granular sub-base extended over the full formation as shown in
the drawing shall be considered incidental to the work of providing granular sub-base and
as such no extra payment shall be made for the same.

13 Rate
(i) Making arrangements for traffic Clause 112 except for initial treatment to verges,
shoulders and construction of diversions :
(ii) Furnishing all material to be incorporated in the work including all royalties, fees,
rents where necessary and all leads and lifts.
(iii) All labour tools, equipment and incidentals to complete he work to the Specifications
:
(iv) Carrying out the work in part widths of road where directed; and
(v) Carrying out the required tests for quality control.

14. The rate includes blasting the rock if any, breaking the quarry spall carting &
stacking measuring in boxes, spreading and all above operation including consolidation
etc. complete.

The payment shall be maid on Cubic meter basic.

Item No.5
Providing and fixing ordinary Kilometer stone of precast C.C. 1:2:4 including necessary
reinforcement as per I.R.C. type design in C.C.1:4:8 including letter and paints etc. complete
(For N.H., S.H. and M.D.R.)

1. Ordinary Kilometer stone shall be of approved quality of precast C.C. 1:2:4 including
necessary reinforcement as per I.R.C. type design in C.C.1:4:8 as specified in the item.
2. The size, manner of fixing, painting and lettering of ordinary Kilometer stone shall conform
specification as per IRC – 8 (Type design for Highway kilometer stones). The fixing of KM
stone shall be carried out in ordinary payment shall be made per No. of KM stone fixed in
position.
3. Fixing in C.C. 1:4:8
The ordinary kilometer stone shall be fixed in C.C. 1:4:8 which will consist of one part of
cement, four part of good sand and eight parts of good brick bats, Rate includes all labour and
curing etc. necessary for concrete.
4. Unit rate for ordinary kilometer stone includes the cost of all materials labour, tools, fixing
finishing curing lettering and painting as directed by the Engineer-in-charge.
5. Payment shall be made carried out on number basis.

26
Item No.6
Providing and fixing 5th Kilometer stone of approved hard stone as per I.R.C. type design in
C.C. 1:4:8 including painting and lettering etc. complete (For N.H., S.H. and M.D.R.)

The work covers the supply, painting, lettering and fixing of 5th Kilometer stone.
The dimensions of the stones and the size, colour, arrangement of letters and scripts shall be
as per I.R.C. type designs. The 5th kilometer stone of approved hard stone as per IRC type design in
C.C. 1:2:4 as indicated in the drawings or in the relevant I.R.C. specifications or as directed by the
Engineer-in-charge. The orientation and location of the stones shall be as indicated in the drawings
or in the relevant I.R.C. Specification or as directed by the Engineer-in-charge.
The 5th Kilometer stone shall be fixed in C.C. 1:4:8 at site of work.

MEASUREMENT OF PAYMENT
The measurement will be taken in Numbers of 5th Kilometer stone fixed at site.

RATE
The contract unit rate for 5th kilometer stones shall be paid in full compensation for
furnishing, all labour, materials including providing necessary reinforcement, tools, equipment and
making the stones, painting and lettering and fixing at site and all other incidental costs necessary to
complete the work to these specifications.

Item No.7
Providing and fixing Hectometer as per I.R.C. type design including painting, lettering etc.
complete. (ii) Fixing in C.C. 1:5:10

The work covers the supply, painting, lettering and fixing of Hectometer stone.
The dimensions of the stones and the size, colour, arrangement of letters and scripts shall be
as per I.R.C. - 26 type designs. The Hectometer stone shall be precast cement concrete 1:2:4 for
which relevant specification shall be followed. The stone shall be bedded into the ground with
adequate foundation in C.C. 1:5:10 as indicated in the drawings or in the relevant I.R.C. Specifications
or as directed by the Engineer-in-charge. The orientation and location of the stones shall be as
indicated in the drawings or in the relevant I.R.C. Specifications or as directed by the Engineer-in-
charge.

MEASUREMENT OF PAYMENT
The measurement will be taken in Numbers of Hectometer stone fixed at site fixing in C.C.
1:5:10.

RATE
The contract unit rate for Hectometer stones shall be payment in full compensation for
furnishing, all labour, materials including providing necessary reinforcement, tools, equipment and
making the stones, painting and lettering and fixing at site and all other incidental costs necessary to
complete the work to the specifications.

27
Item No.8
Providing and fixing indicator stone of approved stone as per I.R.C. type design in C.C. 1:4:8
including white washing etc. complete. (ii) Fixing in C.C. 1:5:10

1. The indicator stone of 15 x 15 x 120 cm size shall be of R.C.C. 1:1.5:3. The size shape
and dimensions of the indicator stones shall be exact and shall be neatly finished.
2. The indicator stone shall be fixed in position as directed by the Engineer-in-charge
in C.C. 1:5:10 bock of size 45 x 45 x 50 cm.
3. The indicator stone shall be painted with approved quality oil paint three coats and in
top white round reflector 7.5 cm dia by thermoplastic compound and glass bead shall be provided
both way.
4. The measurement for payment shall be per number of indicator stone fixed in
position.
5. Unit rate of indicator stone includes the cost of all materials, labors, tools, fixing, cost of
CC 1:5:10 & white washing as directed by the Engineer-in-charge.

Item No.9
Providing and fixing guard stone as per I.R.C. type design including white washing etc.
complete. (ii) Fixing in C.C. 1:5:10.

1. The guard stone shall be of approved quality of precast CC 1:2:4 including necessary
reinforcement and of 20 x 15cm. size and its length shall not be less than 75 cms. The top
portion shall be rounded. The top 38 cm. shall be chisel dressed on all sides. The size shape and
dimensions of the guard stones shall be exact and shall be neatly dressed and finished.
2. The guard stone shall be fixed in position a directed by the Engineer-in- charge in earth. If
the guard stone shall be fixed in wearing coat, the equivalent volume covered by the guard stones
shall be deducted from the gross measured quantity of wearing coat. If the guard stone required
to be fixed in cement concrete 1:5:10, the cement concrete shall be consist one part of cement,
five part of good sand & 10 parts of brick bats. The exposed part of the guard stones shall be given
three coats of white wash. The contractor at his own cost shall do any excavation necessary for
fixing of the guard stones.
3. The measurement for payment shall be per number of guard stone fixed in position.

Rate: The contract unit rate for Guard stones shall be payment in full compensation for
furnishing all labour, materials including providing necessary reinforcement, tools, equipment
and making the stones, white washing and fixing at site and all other incidental costs necessary
to complete the work to these Specifications.

Measurements for Payment:

The payment shall be made unit of a No. basis.

28
Item No.10
Cautionary Warning Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made out of 2mm aluminium
sheet / 4mm ACP (Aluminum composite Panel); size 90 x 90 x 90 cms. equilateral triangle as
per design ofIRC-67-2012. Pre treated with phospheting process & acid etching; coated with
one coat of epoxy primer and two coats of best quality epoxy paint ; reflectorised with High
Intensity Prismatic Grade retro refiective sheeting of Type-4 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest
M.O.S.T. Specifications; 3.6mtr long stand post of Iron Angle75 x 75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS
Pipe as required and frame fabricated from suitable size iron angle of 35 x 35 x 3mm; painted
with best quality epoxy coatings in black and white bends. The details of symbol for each
board shall be as per the instruction of engineer in charge. The fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4
CC block of size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg including excavation, curing etc. complete under
the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for 7 years for the Retro reflective sheeting
from original manufacturer & a certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from
third party test lab for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C Type-
11 Retro Reflective sheeting.

The sign board shall conform to IRC-67-2012 and nineth schedule of the motor vehicle Act. It shall
be providing and fixed as directed by the Engineer in charge.

1.2 Traffic Signs having retro-reflective sheeting :

1.2.1 General Requirements :
The retro-reflective sheetings used on the sign shall consist of white or coloured sheeting having a
smooth outer surface which has the property of retro reflective over its entire surface. It shall be
weather resistance and show colour fastness. It shall be new and unused and shall shown no
evidence of cracking scaling pitting, blistering, edge lifting or curling and shall have negligible
shrinkage or expansion. A certificate of having tested the sheeting for these properties in an
unprotected outdoor exposure facing the sun for two years and its having passed these tests shall be
obtained form a reputed laboratory by the manufacture of the sheeting. The reflective sheeting shall
be either or Engineering Grade material with enclosed lens or of high intensity grade with
encapsulated lens/ micro prismatic type. The type of sheeting to be used would depend upon the
type functional hierchy and importance of the road.

1.2.2 High Intensity Grade Sheeting :

1.2.2.1 Encapsulated Lens Type :
This sheeting shall be of encapsulated lens type consisting of spherical glass lens elements, adhered
to a synthetic resin and encapsulated by a flexible, transparent water proof plastic having a smooth
surface. The retro reflective surface after cleaning with soap and water and in dry condition shall
have the minimum co-efficient of retro-reflection (determined in accordance with ASTM Standard
E:810) as indicated in Table 800-1.
TABLE 800-1
ACCEPTABLE MINIMUM CO-EFFICIENT OF RETRO REFLECTIVE FOR HIGH INTENSITY GRADE
SHEETING (CANDELAS PER LUX SQUARE METRE).
Observation Entrance White Yellow Orange Green/ Blue
angle (in Angle (in Red
degrees) degrees)

0.2 -4 250 170 100 45 20

29
 0.2 + 30 150 100 60 25 11

0.5 -4 95 62 30 15 7.5

0.5 +30 65 45 25 10 5.0

When totally wet, the sheeting shall not show less than 90% of the values of retro reflectance
indicated in Table 800-1. At the end of 10 years, the sheeting shall retain at least 75% of its original
retro-reflectance.

1.3.2 Engineering Grade Sheeting :

This sheeting shall be of enclosed lens type consisting of microscopic lens elements embedded
beneath the surface of a smooth, flexible, transparent, water-proof plastic, resulting in a non-exposed
lens optical, resulting in a non-exposed lens optical reflecting systems. The retro-reflective surface
after cleaning with soap and water and in dry condition shall have the minimum coefficient of retro-
reflection (determined in accordance with ASTM Standard E-810) as indicated in Table 800-2.

TABLE 800-2
ACCEPTABLE MINIMUM CO-EFFICIENT OF RETRO REFLECTIVE FOR ENGINEERING GRADE
SHEETING (CANDELAS PER LUX SQUARE METRE).
Observation Entrance White Yellow Orange Green Red Blue
angle (in Angle (in
degrees) degrees)
0.2 -4 70 50 25 9.0 14.5 4.0
0.2 + 30 30 22 7.0 3.5 6.0 1.7
0.5 -4 30 25 13.5 14.5 7.5 2.0
0.5 +30 15 13 4.0 2.2 3.0 0.8

1.1.2.3 When totally wet, the sheeting shall not show less than 90% of the values of retro-reflectance
indicated in Table 800-2. At the end of 5 years, the sheeting shall retain at least 50% of its original
retro reflective.
1.1.3 Messages / Borders : The messages (legends, letters, numerals etc.) and borders
shall either be screen-printed or of cut-outs. Screen-printing shall be processed and finished with
materials and in a manner specified by the sheeting manufacturer. Cut outs shall be of materials as
specified by the sheeting manufacturer and shall be bonded with the sheeting in the manner
specified by the manufacturer.
1.1.4 For screen-printed transparent coloured areas on white sheeting, the co-efficient of retro-
reflection shall not be less than 50% of the values of corresponding colour in Tables 800-1(a), 800-
1(b) and 800-2 as applicable.
1.1.5 Cut out messages and borders, wherever used, shall be made out of retro-reflective sheeting
(as per Clause 801.3.2 of 801.3.3 as applicable) except those in black which shall be of non-reflective
sheeting.
1.1.6 Colour : Unless otherwise specified, the general colour scheme shall be as stipulated in IS:5
"Colour for Ready Mixed Paints".

30
 Blue IS Colour No.166 : French Blue
Red IS Colour No.537 : Signal Red
Green IS Colour No.284 : India Green
Orange IS Colour No.591 : Deep Orange

The colours shall be durable and uniform in acceptable but when viewed in day light or under
normal headlights at night.

1.1.7 Adhesives : The sheeting shall either have a pressure sensitive adhesive of the aggressive-
tack type requiring no heat, solvent or other preparation for adhesion to a smooth clean surface, or a
tack adhesive activated by heat, applied in a heat-vacuum applicator, in a manner recommended by
the sheeting manufacturer. The sheeting shall be protected by an easily removable liner (removable
by peeling without soaking in water or other solvent) and shall be suitable for the type of material of
the base plate used for the sign. The adhesive shall form a durable bond to smooth, corrosion and
weather resistant surface of the base plate such that it shall not be possible to remove the sheeting
from the sign base in one piece by use of sharp instrument. In case of pressure-sensitive adhesive
sheeting, the sheeting shall be applied in accordance with the manufacturer's specifications. Sheeting
with adhesives requiring use of solvents or other preparation for adhesive shall be applied strictly in
accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
1.1.8 Refurbishment: Where existing signs are specified for refurbishment, the sheeting shall
have a semi-rigid aluminium backing pre-coated with aggressive-tack type pressure sensitive
adhesive. The adhesive shall be suitable for type of material used for the sign and should thoroughly
bond with that material.
Alternatively, the alluminium blank shall be recycled to a finished condition and new
sheeting's put on in an approved manner.
1.1.9 Fabrication :
1.1.9.1 Surface to be reflectorised shall be prepared to receive the retro-reflective sheeting. The
smooth plain surface before the application of retro-reflective sheeting. If the surface is rough,
approved surface printer may be used. After cleaning, metal shall not be handled, except by suitable
device or clean canvas gloves between all cleaning and preparation operation and application of
reflective sheeting/primer. There shall be no opportunity for metal to come in contact with grease,
oil or other contaminants prior to the application of retro-reflective sheeting.
1.1.9.2 Complete sheets of the material shall be used on the signs except where it is unavoidable. At
splices, sheeting with pressure sensitive adhesive shall be overlapped not less than 5 mm. Sheeting
with heat-activated adhesives may be spliced with an overlap not less than 5 mm or butted with a
gap not exceeding 0.75 mm. Where screen printing with transparent colours is proposed, only but
jointing shall be used. The material shall cover the sign surface evenly and shall be free from twists,
cracks and folds. Cut outs to produce legends and borders shall be bonded with the sheeting in the
manner specified by the manufacturer.
1.1.10 Warranty Durability : For each lot of sheetings procured, the contractor shall obtain
from the manufacturer a 10 years warranty for satisfactory field performance including stipulated
retro-reflectance of the sheetings of high intensity grade and a 5 years warranty for the engineering
grade and submit the same to the Engineer. In addition, a 10 years and a five years warranty for
satisfactory in-field performance of the finished sign with retro-reflective sheeting of high intensity
grade and engineering grade respectively, inclusive of the screen printed or cut-out letters/legends
and their bonding to the retro-reflective sheeting shall be obtained from the contractor/supplier and
passed on to the Engineer. The contractor / supplier shall also furnish a certification that the signs

31
and materials supplied against the assigned work meet all the stipulated requirements and carry the
stipulated warranty.
Processed and applied in accordance with recommended procedures, the reflective material shall be
weather resistant and following cleaning shall show no appreciable discolouration, cracking,
blistering or dismensional change and shall not have less than 50 percent of the specified minimum
reflective intensity values Tables 800-1 and 800-2) when subjected to accelerated weathering for
1000 hours, using type E or EH weatherometer AASHTO Designation M 268).

1.2 Installation :
1.2.1 Sign posts, their foundations and sign mountings shall be so constructed as to hold these in a
proper and permanent position against the normal storm wind loads or displacement by vandalism.
Normally signs with an area upto 0.9 sq.m. shall be mounted on a single post, and for greater area
two or more supports shall be provided. Sign supports may be of mild steel, reinforced concrete or
galvanised iron (G.I.). Post-end(s) shall be firmly fixed to the ground by means of properly designed
foundation. The work of foundation shall conform to relevant specifications as specified.
1.2.2 All components of signs and supports, other than the reflective portion and G.I. Posts shall be
thoroughly descaled, cleaned, primed and painted with two coats of epoxy paint. Any part of mild
steel (M.S.) post below ground shall be painted with three coats of red lead paint.
1.2.3 The signs shall be fixed to the posts by welding in the case of steel posts and by bolts and
washers of suitable size in the case or reinforced concrete or G.I. Posts. After the nuts have been
tightened, the tails of the bolts shall be furred over with a hammer to prevent removal.
1.3 Measurements for Payment :
The measurement for standard cautionary, mandatory and information sign shall be in number of
different types of signs supplied and fixed as per above details and specifications. Direction and place
identification signs, also shall be measured in numbers of different type of sign supplied and fixed.
1.4 Rate :
The contract unit rate shall be payment in full for the cost of making the road sign, including all
materials, installing it at the site and incidentals to complete the work in accordance with the
specifications.

 SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT FOR SIGN BOARDS

1 Warranty certificate for ten years for respective grades of signs from the sheeting
manufacturer should be attached with the bid.
2 A certificate of authorization from the sheeting manufacturer shall be submitted with the
bid.
3 The responsibility for handling, upkeep and safety of the boards lies with the contractor
until the completion of work and final payment are released.
4 The contract is valid for three months from the date of work order. The required
quantity has to be supplied and fixed as and when intimated by the Division.
5 The measurement for payment will be done only after fulfilling condition up to the
satisfaction of Executive Engineer. The 100% quantity of supply and fixing will be
checked by Deputy Executive Engineer and at least 10% quantity of supply and fixing will
be checked by the Executive Engineer to ensure quality and workmanship, before passing
for payments.
6 The contractor will have to ensure how he is going to arrange repair or replacement of
defective boards after intimation from the Division.

32
Item No.11
Facility Informatory Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards madeout of 2mm aluminium
sheet / 4mm ACP (Aluminum composite Panel); size 80 x 60 cms. rectangular as per design of
IRC-67-2012.Pre treated with phospheting process & acid etching; coated with one coat of
epoxy primer and two coats of best quality epoxypaint ; reflectorised with High Intensity
Prismatic Grade retrorefiective sheeting of Type-4 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T.
Specifications; 3.6mtr long stand post of Iron Angle 75 x75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as
required and frame fabricated from suitable size iron angle of 35 x 35 x 3mm; painted with
best quality epoxy coatings in black and white bends. The details of symbol for each board
shall be as per the instruction of engineer in charge. The fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC
block of size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg including excavation, curing etc. complete under
the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for 7 years for the Retro reflective sheeting
from original manufacturer & a certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from
third party test lab for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C Type-
11 Retro Reflective sheeting.

The work shall be carried out as directed with relevant specifications of this tender Item No. 10
The contract rate shall be for a unit of One No. of completed item.

Item No.12
Regulatory / Mandatory Sign :-Providing and fixing sign boards made out of 2mm aluminium
sheet / 4mm ACP (Aluminum composite Panel); size 60 cms. Dia Circle as per design of IRC-
67-2012. Pre treated with phospheting process & acid etching; coatedwith one coat of epoxy
primer and two coats of best quality epoxypaint ; reflectorised with High Intensity Prismatic
Grade retrorefiective sheeting of Type-4 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T.
Specifications; 3.6mtr long stand post of Iron Angle 75 x75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as
required and frame fabricated from suitable size iron angle of 35 x 35 x 3mm; painted with
best quality epoxy coatings in black and white bends. The details of symbol for each board
shall be as per the instruction of engineer in charge. The fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC
block of size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg including excavation, curing etc. complete under
the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for 7 years for the Retro reflective sheeting
from original manufacturer & a certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from
third party test lab for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C Type-
11 Retro Reflective sheeting.

The work shall be carried out as directed with relevant specifications of this tender Item No. 10
The contract rate shall be for a unit of One No. of completed item.

33
Item No.13
Direction (Junction) Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made out of 2mm aluminium
sheet / 4mm ACP (Aluminum composite Panel); size 244x122 cms. rectangular as per design
of IRC-67-2012. Pre treated with phospheting process & acid etching; coated with one coat of
epoxy primer and two coats of best quality epoxy paint ;reflectorised with Micro Prismatic
Grade retro refiective sheeting of Type-11 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T.
Specifications; 4.0mtr long (2 Nos.) stand post of 75 x 75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as
required and frame fabricated from suitable size iron angle of 50 x 50 x 5mm; painted with
best quality epoxy coatings in black and white bends. The details of symbol for each board
shall be as per the instruction of engineer in charge. The fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC
block of size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg. including excavation, curing etc. complete under
the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for 10 years for the Retro reflective
sheeting from original manufacturer & a certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report
from third party test lab for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C
Type-11 Retro Reflective sheeting.

The work shall be carried out as directed with relevant specifications of this tender Item No. 10
The contract rate shall be for a unit of One No. of completed item.

Item No.14
Village Name Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made out of 2mm aluminium sheet /
4mm ACP (Aluminum composite Panel); size 90x60 cms. rectangular as per design of IRC-67-
2012. Pre treated with phospheting process & acid etching; coated with one coat of epoxy
primer and two coats of best quality epoxy paint ; reflectorised with Micro Prismatic Grade
retro refiective sheeting of Type-11 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T. Specifications;
3.3mtr long stand post of 75 x 75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as required and frame
fabricated from suitable size iron angle of 35 x 35 x 3mm; painted with best quality epoxy
coatings in black and white bends. The details of symbol or inscription/ letters / numerals for
each board shall be as per the instruction of engineer in charge. The fixing at site shall be in
1:2:4 CC block of size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg. including excavation, curing etc. complete
under the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for 10 years for the Retro reflective
sheeting from original manufacturer & a certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report
from third party test lab for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C
Type-11 Retro Reflective sheeting.

The work shall be carried out as directed with relevant specifications of this tender Item No. 10
The contract rate shall be for a unit of One No. of completed item.

34
Item No.15
STOP Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made out of 2mm aluminium sheet / 4mm ACP
(Aluminum composite Panel); size 90 cms Octagone as per design of IRC-67-2012. Pre treated
with phospheting process & acid etching; coated with one coat of epoxy primer and two coats
of best quality epoxy paint ;reflectorised with Micro Prismatic Grade retro refiective sheeting
of Type-11 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T. Specifications; 3.6mtr long stand post of 75
x 75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as required and frame fabricated from suitable size iron
angle of 35 x 35 x 3mm; painted with best quality epoxy coatings in black and white bends.
The details of symbol for each board shall be as per the instruction of engineer in charge. The
fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC block of size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg. including
excavation, curing etc. complete under the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for
10 years for the Retro reflective sheeting from original manufacturer & a certified copy of 3
year outdoor exposure test report from third party test lab for the product offered shall be
submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C Type-11 Retro Reflective sheeting.

The work shall be carried out as directed with relevant specifications of this tender Item No. 10
The contract rate shall be for a unit of One No. of completed item.

Item No.16
Chevron sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made out of 1.5mm aluminium sheet / 3mm
ACP (Aluminum composite Panel); size 60x50cm rectangular as per design of IRC-67-2012.
Pre treated with phospheting process & acid etching; coated with one coat of epoxy primer
and two coats of best quality epoxy paint ; reflectorised with High Intensity Prismatic Grade
retro refiective sheeting of Type-4 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T. Specifications; 3.3
mtr long stand post of Iron Angle 75 x 75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as required and
frame fabricated from suitable size iron angle of 35x35x3mm; painted with best quality epoxy
coatings in black and white bends. the details of symbol or inscription / numerals for each
board shall be as per the instruction of engineer in charge. The fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4
CC block of size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg including excavation, curing etc. complete under
the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for 7 years for the Retro reflective sheeting
from original manufacturer & a certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from
third party test lab for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C Type-
11 Retro Reflective sheeting.

The work shall be carried out as directed with relevant specifications of this tender Item No. 10
The contract rate shall be for a unit of One No. of completed item.

35
Item No.17
Tree Guard sign :- Providing & fixing sign board made out of 2mm aluminium sheet / 3mm
ACP (Aluminum composite Panel), size 30cms diameter circle, pretreated with phospheting
process and acid etching, painted with one coat of epoxy primer and two coats of best quality
epoxy paint reflectorised with retro reflective sheeting as per latest M.O.S.T. specifications. A
warranty for 10 years for the Retro reflective sheeting from original manufacturer & a
certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from third party test lab for the product
offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C Type-11 Retro Reflective sheeting.

The work shall be carried out as directed with relevant specifications of this tender Item No. 10
The contract rate shall be for a unit of One No. of completed item.

Item No.18
Hazard Marker Sign :- Providing and fixing sign boards made out of 2.0 mm aluminium sheet /
4 mm ACP (Aluminum composite Panel); size 90x30 cms. rectangular as per design of IRC-67-
2012. Pre treated with phospheting process & acid etching; coated with one coat of epoxy
primer and two coats of best quality epoxy paint ; reflectorised with High Intensity Prismatic
Grade retro refiective sheeting of Type-4 as per ASTM D-4956 and latest M.O.S.T.
Specifications; 1.8mtr long stand post of Iron Angle 75 x 75 x 6mm / 65NB Circular MS Pipe as
required and frame fabricated from suitable size iron angle of 35 x 35 x 3mm; painted with
best quality epoxy coatings in black and white bends. The details of symbol for each board
shall be as per the instruction of engineer in charge. The fixing at site shall be in 1:2:4 CC
block of size 45 x 45 x 60 Cms. for each leg including excavation, curing etc. complete under
the supervision of engineer in charge. A warranty for 7 years for the Retro reflective sheeting
from original manufacturer & a certified copy of 3 year outdoor exposure test report from
third party test lab for the product offered shall be submitted by contractor. (A) Class-C Type-
11 Retro Reflective sheeting.

The work shall be carried out as directed with relevant specifications of this tender Item No. 10
The contract rate shall be for a unit of One No. of completed item.

36
Item No.19
Road marking with hot applied thermoplastic paints with reflectorising glass beads on
bitumin surface providing and laying a hot applied thermoplastic compound 2.5 mm thick
including reflectorising glass beads @ 250gms per sqm area, thickness of 2.5mm is excluding
of surface applied glass beds as per IRC:35-2015. The finished surface to be level, uniform and
free from streaks and holes. zebra patta /bump patta lane/center line/ edge line/cut patta.
The white color marking should provide liminance coefficinet on cemend road shalll be min
130 mcd/m2/lux and Asphalt road shall be min 100 mcd/m2/lux during the service life
during the day time. The marking should meet the performance criteria for night time
reflectivity, wet reflectivity and skid resistance as mentioned in the section-15 of IRC 35-
2015. Warranty for the Retro reflectivity should be two years.

803.4 Hot Applied Thermoplastic Road Marking

803.4.1 Thermoplastic Material
803.4.1.1 General
The thermoplastic material shall be homogeneously composed of aggregate, pigment, resins
and glass reflectorizing beads. The colour of the compound shall be white or yellow (IS
colour No. 356) as specified in the drawings or as directed by the Engineer.

803.4.1.2 Requirements :
I. Composition: The pigment, beads, and aggregate shall be uniformly dispersed in the resin.
The material shall be free from all skins, dirt and foreign objects and shall comply with
requirements indicated in Table 800-9.
Table 800-9 : Proportions of Constituents of Marking Material (Percentage by Weight)
Component White Yellow
Binder 18.0 min. 18.0 min.
Glass Beads 30 - 40 30 - 40
Titanium dioxide 10.0 min. -
Calcium Carbonate and I nert Fillers 42.0max. See Note Below
Yellow pigments - See Note Below
Note: Amount of yellow pigment, calcium carbonate and inert fillers shall be at the option of the
manufacturer, provided all other requirements of this Specification are met.
II. Properties: The properties of thermoplastic material, when tested in accordance with ASTM
036/BS-3262-(Part I), shall be as below:

a. Luminance:
White: Daylight luminance at 45°-65 percent min. as per AASHTO M249
Yellow: Daylight luminance at 45°-45 percent min. as per AASHTO M249
b. Drying time: When applied at a temperature specified by the manufacturer and to the
required thickness, the material shall set to bear traffic in not more than 15 minutes.
c. Skid resistance: not less than 45 as per BS:6044.
d. Cracking resistance at low temperature: The material shall show · no cracks on
application to concrete blocks.
e. Softening point: 102.5°C ± 9.5°C as per ASTM D 36.

37
 f. Yellowness index (for white thermoplastic paint): not more than 0.12 as per AASHTO M
249
III. Storage life : The material shall meet the requirements of these Specifications for a period of
one year. The thermoplastic material must also melt uniformly with no evidence of skins or
unmelted particles for the one year storage period. Any material not meeting the above
requirements shall be replaced by the manufacturer/supplier/ Contractor.
IV. Reflectorisation : Shall be achieved by incorporation of beads, the grading and other
properties of the beads shall be as specified i~ Clause 803.4.2.
V. Marking: Each container of the thermoplastic material shall be clearly and indelibly marked
with the following information:
1) The name, trade mark or other means of identification of manufacturer
2) Batch number
3) Date of manufacture
4) Colour (white or yellow)
5) Maximum application temperature and maximum safe heating temperature.
VI. Sampling and Testing : The thermoplastic material shall be sampled and tested in accordance
with the appropriate ASTM/BS method. The Contractor shall furnish to the Engineer a copy
of certified test reports from the manufacturers of the thermoplastic material showing
results of all tests specified herein and shall certify that the material meets all requirements
of this Specification.
803.4.2 Reflectorizing Glass Beads
803.4.2.1 General
This Specification covers two types of glass beads to be used for the production of reflectorised
pavement markings.
Type 1 beads are those which are a constituent of the basic thermoplastic compound vide Table 800-
9 and Type 2 beads are those which are to be sprayed on the surface vide Clause 803.6.4.
803.4.2.2 The glass beads shall be transparent, colourless and free form milkiness, dark
particles and excessive air inclusions.
These shall conform to the requirements spelt out in Clause 803.4.2.3.
803.4.2.3 Specific Requirements
a) Gradation: The glass beads shall meet the gradation requirements for the two types as given
in Table 800-10.

TABLE 800-10: GRADATION REQUIREMENTFOR GLASS BEADS

Percent Retained
Sieve size
Type 1 Type 2
1.18 mm 0 to 3 -
850 micron 5 to 20 0 to 5
600 micron - 5 to 20
425 micron 65 to 95 -
300 micron - 30 to 75

38
 180 micron 0 to 10 10 to 30
Below 180 Micron 00 to 15

b) Roundness : The glass beads shall have a minimum of 70 percent true spires.
c) Refractive index : The glass beads shall have a minimum refractive index of 1.50.
d) Free flowing properties : The glass beads shall be free of hard lumps and clusters and
shall dispense readily under any conditions suitable for paints striping. They shall
pass the free flow test.
803.4.2.4 Test Methods
The specific requirements shall be tested with the following methods:
i. Free-flow test: Spread 100 grams of beads evenly in a 100 mm diameter glass dish. Place the
dish in a 250 mm inside diameter dessicator which is filled within 25 mm of the top of a
dessicator plate with sulphuric acid water solution (specific gravity 1.10). Cover the
dessicator and let it stand for 4 hours at 20°C to 29°C. Remove sample from dessicator,
transfer beads to a pan and inspect for lumps or clusters. Then pour beads into a clean, dry
glass funnel having a 100 mm stem and 6 mm orifice. If necessary, initiate flow by lightly
tapping the funnel. The glass spheres shall be free of lumps and clusters and shall flow freely
through the funnel.
ii. The requirements of gradation, roundness and refractive index of glass beads and the amount
of glass beads in the compound shall be tested as per BS:6088 and BS:3262 (Part I).
iii. The Contractor shall furnish to the Engineer a copy of certified test reports from the
manufacturer of glass beads obtained from a reputed laboratory showing results of all tests
specified herein and shall certify that the material meets all requirements of these
Specifications However, if so required, these tests may be carried out as directed by the
Engineer.
803.4.3 Application Properties of Thermoplastic Material
803.4.3.1 The thermoplastic material shall readily get screeded/extruded at temperatures
specified by the manufacturers for respective method of application to produce a line of specified
thickness which shall be continuous and uniform in shape having clear and sharp edges.
803.4.3.2 The material upon heating to application temperatures shall not exude fumes which
are toxic, obnoxious or injurious to persons or property.
803.4.4 Preparation
i. The material shall be melted in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions in a heater
with a mechanical stirrer to give a smooth consistency to the thermoplastic material to avoid
local overheating. The temperature of the mass shall be within the range specified by the
manufacturer, and shall on no account be allowed to exceed the maximum temperature
stated by the manufacturer. The molten material should be used as expeditiously as possible
and for thermoplastic material which has natural binders or is otherwise sensitive to
prolonged heating, the material shall not be maintained in a molten condition for more than
4 hours.

39
 ii. After transfer to the laying equipment, the material shall be maintained within the
temperature range specified by the manufacturer for achieving the desired consistency for
laying.
803.5 Reflectorised Paint
Reflectorised paint, if used, shall conform to the Specification by the manufacturers and approved by
the Engineer. Reflectorising glass beads for reflectorising paints where used shall conform to the
requirements of Clause 803.4.2.
803.6 Application
803.6.1 Marking shall be done by machine. For locations where painting cannot be done by
machine, approved manual methods shall be used with prior approval of the Engineer. The
Contractor shall maintain control over traffic while painting operations are in progress so as to cause
minimum inconvenience to traffic compatible with protecting the workmen.
803.6.2 Where the compound is to be applied to cement concrete pavement, a sealing primer
as recommended by the manufacturer, shall be applied to the pavement in advance of placing of the
stripes to ensure proper bonding of the compound. On new concrete surface any laitance and/or
curing compound shall be removed before the markings are applied.
803.6.3 The thermoplastic material shall be applied hot either by screeding or extrusion
process. After transfer to the laying apparatus, the material shall be laid at a temperature within the
range specified by the manufacturer for the particular method of laying being used. The paint shall
be applied using a screed or extrusion machine.

803.6.4 The pavement temperature shall not be less than 10°C during application. All
surfaces to be marked shall be thoroughly cleaned of all dust, dirt, grease, oil and all other foreign
matter before application of the paint.
The material, when formed into traffic stripes, must be readily renewable by placing an overlay of
new material directly over an old line. Such new material shall so bond itself to the old line that no
splitting or separation takes place.
Thermoplastic paint shall be applied in intermittent or continuous lines of uniform thickness of at
least 2.5 mm unless specified otherwise. Where arrows or letters are to be provided, thermoplastic
compound may be hand-sprayed. In addition to the beads included in the material, a further quantity
of glass beads of Type 2, conforming to the above noted Specification shall be sprayed uniformly into
a mono-layer on to the hot paint line in quick succession of the paint spraying operation. The glass
beads shall be applied at the rate of 250 grams per square metre area.
803.6.5 The minimum thickness specified is exclusive of surface applied glass beads. The method
of thickness measurement shall be in accordance with Appendices B and C of BS:3262
(Part 3).
803.6.6 The markings shall be done to accuracy within the tolerances given below:
i. Width of lines and other markings shall not deviate from the specified width by more
than 5 percent.
ii. The position of lines, letters, figures, arrows arid other markings shall not deviate from
the position specified by more than 20 mm
iii. The alignment of any edge of a longitudinal line shall not deviate from the specified
alignment by more than 10 mm in 15 m.
iv. The length of segment of broken longitudinal lines shall not deviate from the specified
length by more than 150 mm.

40
In broken lines, the length of segment and the gap between segments shall be as indicated on the
drawings; if these lengths are altered by the Engineer, the ratio of the lengths of the Painted sections
shall remain the same.
803.6.7 Properties of Finished Road Markings
The finished lines shall be free from ruggedness on sides and ends and be parallel to the general
alignment of the carriageway. The upper surface of the lines shall be level, uniform and free from
streaks.
a. The stripe shall not be slippery when wet.
b. The marking shall not lift from the pavement in freezing weather.
c. After application and proper drying, the stripe shall show no appreciable deformation or
discoloration under traffic and under road temperatures upto 60°C.
d. The marking shall not deteriorate by contact with sodium chloride calcium chloride or oil
dripping from traffic.
e. The stripe or marking shall maintain its original dimensions and position. Cold ductility of
the material shall be such as to permit normal movement with the road surface without
chopping or cracking.
f. The colour of yellow marking shall conform to IS Colour No. 356 as given in IS:164
803.6.8 Measurements for Payment
803.6.8.1 The painted markings shall be measured in sq. metres of actual area marked
(excluding the gaps, if any).
803.6.8.2 In respect of markings like directional arrows and lettering, etc., the measurement
shall be by numbers.
803.6.9 Rate
The Contract unit rate for road markings shall be payment in full compensation for furnishing all
labour, materials, tools, equipment, including all incidental costs necessary for carrying out the work
at the site conforming to these Specifications complete as per the approved drawing(s) or as directed
by the Engineer and all other incidental costs necessary to complete the work.
1.7 SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR THERMOPLAST PAINT WORK:
(1) Agency should carry out the such type of work by only of thermoplastic paint laying machine
(power driven only) with temperature controller and automatic mixing arrangement of glass
beads in required proportion.
(2) After completion of the laying of thermoplastic paint work, four years guarantee for
durability and reflectivity as per M.O.R.T.H. specification for road and bridge works clause
803 should be given by the bidder in the writing.
(3) Guarantee security deposit shall be retained @ 10% of the cost of the item of thermoplast
paint from the R.A. bills, which will be released after expiry of guarantee period.
(4) Agency who carry out the such type of work shall have an experience of carrying out similar
type of work.
(5) Test certificates as per M.O.R.T.H. specification for road and bridge works clause 803.3.2.2
(vi) should be furnished of reputed laboratory before.

41
Item No.20
Cat Eye / Road Stud / RPM: Supplying of Molded Twin Shanks Raised Pavement Markers
made of polycarbonate and ABS moulded body and reflective panels with micro prismatic
lens capable of providing total internal reflection of the light entering the lens face and shall
support a load of 13635 kgs. tested in accordance to ASTM D 4280 Type H and complying to
Specifications of Category A of MORTH Circular No RW/NH/33023/10-97 DO III Dt
11.06.1997. The height, width and length shall not exceed 20 mm, 130 mm and 130 mm and
with minimum reflective area of 13 Sqcm on each side and the slope to the base shall be 35
+/- 5 degree. The strength of detachment of the integrated cylindrical shanks, (of diameter
not less than 19 +/- 2 mm and height not less than 30+/- 2 mm) from the body is to be a
minimum value of 500 Kgf. Fixing will be by drilling holes on the road for the shanks to go
inside, without nails and using epoxy resin based adhesive as per manufacturers
recommendation and The color of the marker should be as per the IRC 35-2015 and as
directed by Engineer-in-charge.

1.0 General
The colour, configuration, size and location of Molded Twin Shanks Raised Pavement
Markers for highways other than Expressways shall be in accordance with the Code of Practice for
Road Signs, IRC:35-2015 or as shown on the drawings or as directed by the Engineer.
The Molded Twin Shanks Raised Pavement Markers shall be reflectorised as shown on the
drawings or as directed by the Engineer. It shall be of retro-reflectorised type and made of
polycarbonate and ABS moulded body and reflective panels with micro prismatic lens capable of
providing total internal reflection of the light entering the lens face and shall support a load of 13635
kgs. tested in accordance to ASTM D 4280 Type H and complying to Specifications of Category A of
MORTH Circular No RW/NH/33023/10-97 – DO III Dt. 11.06.1997.
In general, cautionary and mandatory signs shall be fabricated through process of screen
printing. In regard to informatory signs with inscriptions, either the message could be printed over
the reflective sheeting, or cut letters of non-reflective black sheeting used for the purpose which
must be bonded well on the base sheeting as directed by the Engineer.
1.2 Materials :
The various materials and fabrication of the Molded Twin Shanks Raised Pavement Markers
shall conform to the following requirements.
The adhesive materials shall be of standard quality and it shall be high resistance quality
against heavy moving vehicles.
The materials shall be used for the body of the Molded Twin Shanks Raised Pavement
Markers is of high density PVC materials.
The dimensions and size of the Molded Twin Shanks Raised Pavement Markers shall be as
per IS standard. The retro-reflective sheeting used on the Molded Twin Shanks Raised Pavement
Markers shall consist of the white or coloured sheeting having a smooth outer surface which has the
property of retro reflection over its entire surface. It shall be weather resistant and show colour

42
fastness. It shall be new and unused and shall show no evidence of cracking, scaling, pitting,
blistering, edge lifting or curling and shall have negligible shrinkage or expansion. A certificate of
having tested the sheeting for these properties in an unprotected outdoor exposure facing the sun
for two years and its having passed these tests shall be obtained from a reputed laboratory, by the
manufacturer of the sheeting. The reflective sheeting shall be either of Engineering Grade material
with enclosed lens or of High Intensity Grade with encapsulated lens. The type of the sheeting to be
used would depend upon the type, functional hierarchy and importance of the road.
High intensity grade sheetings : This sheeting shall be of encapsulated lens type consisting of
spherical glass lens, elements adhered to a synthetic resin and encapsulated by a flexible, transparent
water-proof plastic having a smooth surface. The retro-reflective surface after cleaning with soap
and water and in dry condition shall have the minimum co-efficient of retro-reflection
determined in accordance with ASTM D 4280 Type H).
TABLE 800.1
ACCEPTABLE MINIMUM CO-EFFICIENT OF RETRO-REFLECTION FOR HIGH INTENSITY GRADE SHEETING
[CANDEL AS PER LUX PER SQUARE METRE]

Observa- Entrance White Yellow Orange Green/ Blue

tion (in angle (in Red
degree) degree)
0.2 -4 250 170 100 45 20

0.2 + 30 150 100 60 25 1.1

0.5 -4 95 62 30 15 7.5

0.5 + 30 65 45 25 10 5.0

When totally wet, the sheeting shall not show less than 90 percent of the values of retro reflective
indicated in Table 800-1. At the end of 7 years, the sheeting shall retain at least 75 percent of its
original retro-reflectance.
Engineer grade sheetings : This sheeting shall be of enclosed lens type consisting of micro
prismatic lens elements embedded beneath the surface of a smooth, flexible, transparent, water
proof plastic, resulting in a non-exposed lens optical reflecting system. The retro-reflective surface
after cleaning with soap and water and in dry condition shall have the minimum co-efficient
of retro-reflection determined in accordance with ASTM D 4280 Type H) as indicated in Table
800.2.
TABLE 800.2
ACCEPTABLE MINIMUM CO-EFFICIENT OF
RETRO-REFLECTION FOR HIGH INTENSITY GRADE SHEETING
[CANDEL AS PER LUX PER SQUARE METRE]

43
 Observa- Entrance White Yellow Orange Green Red Blue
tion (in angle (in
degree) degree)
0.2 -4 70 50 25 9.0 14.5 4.0

0.2 + 30 30 22 7.0 3.5 6.0 1.7

0.5 -4 30 25 13.5 4.5 7.5 2.0

0.5 + 30 15 13 4.0 2.2 3.0 0.8

When totally wet, the sheeting shall not show less than 90 percent of the values of retro reflective
indicated in Table 800-2. At the end of 5 years, the sheeting shall retain at least 50 percent of its
original retro-reflectance.

1.3 Processed and applied in accordance with recommended procedures, the reflective material
shall be weather resistant and, following cleaning, show no appreciable discolouration, cracking,
blistering or dimensional change and shall not have less than 50 percent of the specified minimum
reflective intensity values (Table 800-l and 800-2) when subjected to accelerated weathering for
1000 hours, using type E or EH Weatherometer (AASHTO Designation M 268).

1.4 INSTALLATION:
The Molded Twin Shanks Raised Pavement Markers shall be installed directly on road
surface, after cleaning completely by removing all dust and other foreign materials from the surface
of the road.

1.5 MEASUREMENT FOR PAYMENT :

The measurement of Molded Twin Shanks Raised Pavement Markers shall be in numbers,
these shall be measured in No.

1.6 RATE :
The Contract unit rate shall be payment in full for the cost of making Molded Twin Shanks
Raised Pavement Markers including all materials, installing it at the site and incidentals to complete
the work in accordance with the specifications.

44
Item No.21
A Providing and erecting a "W" metal beam crash barrier comprising of 3 mm thick
corrugated sheet metal beam rail, 29 cm above road / ground level, fixed on ISMC series
channel vertical post, 150 x 75 x 5 mm spaced 1.5 m centre to centre , 1.1 m above ground /
road level, all steel parts and fitments to be galvanised by hot dip process, all fittings to
conform to IS:1367 and IS:1364, metal beam rail to be fixed on the vertical post with a spacer
of channel section 150 x 75 x 5 mm, 800 mm long ,Fixed on 320 x 240 x 16 mm Base Plate
With Achor Bolt complete as per clause 810.3 mm ACM type reflector, 100mm wide and 4.5 m
long type-4 class - B High Intensity grade sheeting as IRC 67-2012 as per drawing complete as
per clause 810.

810. METAL BEAM CRASH BARRIERS

810.1. General
810.1.1. This work shall consist of furnishing and erection of metal beam crash barrier of
dimensions and at locations as shown on the drawing (s) or as directed by the Engineer.
810.1.2. Metal beam crash barrier shall generally be located on approaches to bridge structures,
at locations where the embankment height is more than 3 metres and at horizontal
curves and location as specified by Engineer in charge.
810.2. Materials
810.2.1. Metal beam rail shall be corrugated sheet steel beams of the class, type, section and
thickness indicated on the plans. Railing posts shall be made of steel of the section,
weight and length as shown on the plans. All complete steel rail elements, terminal
sections, posts, bolts, nuts, hardware and other steel fittings shall be galvanized. All
elements of the railing shall be free from abrasions, rough or sharp edges and shall not be
kinked, twisted or bent.
810.2.2. Steel beam elements and terminal sections shall be galvanized (zinc coated, 0.55 kg per
square metre, minimum single spot) unless otherwise specified. The galvanizing on all
other steel parts shall conform to the relevant IS Specifications. All fittings (bolts, nuts,
washers) shall conform to the IS : 1367 and IS : 1364. All galvanizing shall be done after
fabrication.
810.2.3. Concrete for bedding and anchor assembly shall conform to section 1700 of these
Specifications.
810.3. Construction Operations
810.3.1. The line and grade of railing shall be true to that shown on the plans. The railing shall be
carefully adjusted prior to fixing in place, to ensure proper matching at abutting joints
and correct alignment and camber throughout their length. Holes for field connections
shall be drilled with the railing in place in the structure at proper grade and alignment.
810.3.2. Unless otherwise a specified on the drawing, railing steel posts shall be given one shop
coat of paint (primer) and three coats of paint on structural steel after erection, if the
sections are not galvanised. Any part of assembly below ground shall be painted with
three coats of red lead paint.
810.3.3. Splices and end connections shall be of the type and designs or shown on the plans and
shall be of such strength as to develop full design strength of the rail elements.
810.4 Installation of Posts
810.4.1. Holes shall be dug or drilled to the depth indicated on the plans or posts may be driven
by approved methods and equipment, provided these are erected in proper position and
are free from distortion and burring or any other damage.

45
810.4.2. All post holes that are dug or drilled shall be of such size as will permit proper setting of
the posts and allow sufficient room for back filling and tapping.
810.4.3. Holes shall be back filled with selected earth or stable materials in layers not exceeding
100 mm thickness and each layer shall be thoroughly tamped and rammed. When back
filling and tamping are completed, the posts or anchors shall be held securely in place.
810.4.4. Post holes that are drilled in rock and holes for anchor posts shall be back filled with
concrete.
810.4.5. Posts for metal beam guardrails on bridges shall be bolted to the structure as detailed on
the plans. The anchor bolts shall be set to proper location and elevation with templates
and carefully checked.
810.5 Erection
810.5.1. All guardrail anchors shall be set and attachments made and placed as indicated on the
plans or as directed by the Engineer.
810.5.2. All bolts or clips used for fastening the guardrail or fittings to the posts shall be drawn up
tightly. Each bolt shall have sufficient length to extend at least 6 mm through and beyond
the full nut, except where such extensions might interfere with or endanger traffic in
which case the bolts shall be cut off flush with the nut.
810.5.3. All railings shall be erected, drawn and adjusted so that a length of 3 metre. The railing
barrier shall be erected true to line and grade.
810.6. Tolerance
The posts shall be vertical with a tolerance not exceeding 6 mm in a length of 3 metre.
The railing barrier shall be erected true to line and grade.
810.7. Measurements for Payment
810.7.1. Metal beam railing barriers will be measured by linear metre of completed length as per
plans and accepted in place. Terminals/anchors of various types shall be paid for by
numbers.
810.7.2. No measurement for payment shall be made for projections or anchors beyond the end
posts except as noted above. Furnishing and placing anchor bolts and/or devices for
guard rail posts on bridges shall be considered incidental to the construction and the
costs thereof shall be included in the price for other items of construction.
810.7.3. No measurement for payment will be made for excavation or back filling performed in
connection with this construction.
810.8. Rate
The Contract unit rate shall include full compensation for furnishing of labour, materials,
tools, equipments and incidental costs necessary for doing all work involved in
constructing the metal beam railing barrier complete in place in all respects as per these
Specifications.

46
Item No.22
Provision of an Reinforced cement concrete crash barrier at the edges of the road, approaches
to bridge structures and medians, constructed with RCC with HYSD reinforcement conforming
to MoRTH Specification and as per details given IRC-5 including dowel bars 25 mm dia, 450
mm long at expansion joints filled with pre-moulded asphalt filler board, keyed to the
structure on which it is built and installed as per design given in the enclosure to MOST
circular No. RW/NH - 33022/1/94-DO III dated 24 June 1994 as per dimensions in the
approved drawing Including Painting And Filling Side Gaps in m 30 With PCC and at locations
directed by the Engineer, all as specified.

809. CONCRETE CRASH BARRIERS

809.1. General
809.1.1. This work shall consist of construction, provision and installation of concrete crash
barrier at the edges of the road and median at locations and of dimensions as shown on the drawings
or as directed by the Engineer.

809.1.2. Concrete barrier shall generally be located on approaches to bridge structures, at

locations where the embankment height is more than 3 metres and at horizontal curves.

809.2. Materials
809.2.1. All materials shall conform to Section 1000 Materials for Structures as applicable and
relevant clauses in Section 1600 shall govern the steel reinforcement. The concrete barriers shall be
constructed either by the “cast–in-place with fixed forms“ method or the “extrusion or slip form”
method or a combination thereof at the contractor’s option with the approval of the Engineer. Where
“extrusion or slip form” method is adopted, full details of the method and literature shall be
furnished.

809.2.2. Concrete barriers shall be constructed with M-20 grade concrete and with Fe- 500D
TMT reinforcement conform¬ing to IRC:21. The friction slab shall be cast in situ with crash barrier.
The grade of concrete of friction slab shall be in M-30. The capping beam also in M-35 which is cast
after Retaining wall facia panel achieved desired height and desired longitudinal gradient

809.2.3. An expansion joint with pre-moulded asphalt filler board shall be provided at the
junction of crash barrier on structure and crash barrier on the fill. The crash barrier on the fill shall
be constructed in pieces of length not exceeding 20 m, with pre-moulded asphalt filler board joints.

809.3. Construction Operations

809.3.1. The location of crash barrier shall be strictly adhered to as shown on the drawing and as
directed by the Engineer. Concrete crash barriers shall present a smooth, uniform appearance in
their final position, conforming to the horizontal and vertical lines shown on the plans or as ordered
by the Engineer and shall be free of lumps, sags or other irregularities. The top and exposed faces of
the barriers shall conform to the specified tolerances, as defined in Clause 809.4 when tested with 3
m straight edge, laid on the surface.

809.3.2. When concrete barriers are to be constructed on recently completed bridges, the
height of the barriers shall be adjusted to compensate for the camber and dead load deflection of the
superstructure. The amount of adjustment shall be determined by the Engineer and shall be ordered

47
before the concrete is placed. Such barriers shall be placed after formwork has been released and as
long after the superstructure construction as possible without hampering the progress of the work.

809.3.3 Back filing to the concrete barriers shall be compacted in layers to the compaction of
the surrounding earthwork.

809.4. Tolerance - The overall horizontal alignment of rails shall not depart from the road
alignment by more than ± 30 mm, nor deviate in any two successive lengths from straight by more
than 6 mm and the faces shall not vary more than 12 mm from the edge of a 3 m straight edge.
Barriers shall be at the specified height as shown in the plans above the edge of the nearest adjacent
carriageway or shoulder, within a tolerance of ± 30 mm.

809.5. Measurements for Payment

All barriers will be measured by linear metres of completed and accepted length in place,
corresponding end to end along the face of concrete barriers including approach and departure ends.

809.6. Rate
The Contract unit rate shall include full compensation for furnishing all labour, tools,
materials, equipment and incidental costs necessary for doing all work involved in constructing the
concrete barrier complete in place in all respects as per these specifications.

The Rate shall be for unit of one Running Meter.

Item No.23
Supplying and fixing Jumbo bollard swiss type Made out of 1.5 mm crc sheet height 188 cms.
bottom dia 30 cm. top dia. 18 cm. with direction plate of 45 cm dia. fabricated as per attached
drawing, pre treated with phospheting process paintad with apoxy coating reflectorised with
retro reflective sheetings specified by M.O.R.T & H.'s latest specification.

8.05 Jumbo Bollarad

805.01 General
The work covers supplying and fixing road way indicators, hazard makers and object markers,
Bollards.

805.2 The design materials to be used and the location of the road delineators shall conform to
recommended practice for road delineators, IRC : 79 and relevant drawing or as otherwise directed by
the Engineer.

805.3 Measurement for payment

The measurement shall be made in numbers of Bollards fixed at site.
805.4 Rate the contract unit rate for road Bollard shall be payment in full compensation for furnishing
all labor, materials, tools, equipment for preparing, supplying and fixing at site and all other incidental
costs necessary to complete the work to these specifications.

The Payment shall be made on No. basis for complete item.

48
Item No.24
Demolition including stacking of serviceable materilas and disposal of unserviceable
materials with all lead and lift. (i) R.C.C. work

 Scope
This work shall consist of dismantling and removing existing culverts, bridges, pavements,
kerbs and other structures like guard-rails, fences, utility services, manholes, catch basins,
inlets etc. from the right of way which in the opinion of the Engineer interfere with the
construction of road or are not suitable to remain in place, disposing of the surplus /
unsuitable materials and backfilling to after the required compaction as directed by the
Engineer.
Existing culverts, bridges, pavements and other structures which are within the highway and
which are designed for removed shall be removed upto the limits and extent specified in the
drawings or as indicated by the Engineer-in-charge.
Dismantaling and removal operations shall be carried out with equipment and in such a
manner as to leave undisturbed, adjacent pavement, structure and any other work to be left in
place.
All operations necessary for the removal of any existing structure which might endanger new
construction shall be completed prior to the start of new work.

 Dismantling Culverts and Bridges

The structures shall be dismantaled carefully and the resulting materials so removed as not
to cause any damage to the part of the structure to be retained and any other properties or
structures nearby.
Unless otherwise specified, the superstructure portion of culverts/ bridges shall be entirely
removed and other parts removed upto at least 600mm below the sub-grade, slope face or
original ground level whichever is the lowest or as necessary depending upon the
interference they cause to the new construction. Removal of overlying or adjacent materials,
if required in connection with the dismantaling of the structures, shall be incidental to this
item.
Where existing culverts/ bridges are to be extended or otherwise incorporated in the new
work, only such part or parts of the existing structure shall be removed as are necessary and
directed by the Engineer to provide a proper connection to the new work. The connecting
edges shall be cut, chipped and trimmed to the required lines and grades without weakening
or damaging any part of the structure to be retained. Due care should be taken to ensure that
reinforcing bars which are to be left in place so as to project into new work as dowels or ties
are not be injured during removal of concrete.
Pipe culverts shall be carefully removed in such a manner as to avoid damage to the pipes.
Steel structures shall unless otherwise provided be carefully dismantled in such a manner as
to avoid damage to members thereof. If specified in the drawing or directed by the Engineer
that the structure is to be removed in a condition suitable for re-erection, all members shall
be match marked by the contractor with white lead paint before dismantling end pins, nuts,
loose plates, etc. shall be similarly marked to indicate their proper location, all pins, pin holes
and machined surface shall be painted with a mixture of white lead and tallow and all loose
parts shall be securely wired to adjaced members or packed in boxes.
Timber structures shall be removed in such a manner as to avoid damage to such timber or
lumber having salvage value as is designated by the Engineer.

 Dismantling Pavements and Other structures

In removing pavements, kerbs, gutters and other structures like guard rails, fences,
manholes, catch basins, inlets etc. where portions of the existing construction are to be left in

49
 the finished work the same shall be removed to an existing joint or out and chipped to a true
line with a face perpendicular to the surface of the existing structure. Sufficient removal shall
be made to provide for proper grades and connections with the new work as directed by the
Engineer.
All concrete pavements, base course in carriageway and shoulders etc. designed for removal
shall be broken to pieces whose volume shall not exceed 0.02 cubic metre and used with the
approval of the Engineer or disposed of.

 Back-filling
Holes and depressions caused by dismantling operations shall be backfilled with excavated or
other approved materials and compacted to required density as directed by the Engineer.

 Disposal of Materials
All surplus materials shall be taken over by the Contractor which may either be re-used with
the approval of the Engineer or disposed of with all lead and lifts.

 Measurements for Payment

The work of dismantling shall be paid for in units indicated below by taking measurements
before and after, as applicable.
(i) Dismantling brick/stone masonary / concrete Cubic Metre
(Plain and reinforced)
(ii) Dismantling flexible and cement concrete pavement Cubic Metre
(iii) Dismantling steel structure. Tonne
(iv) Dismantling timber structure Cubic Metre
(v) Dismantling pipes, guard rails, kerbs, gutters and fencing. Linear Metre
(vi) Utility services No.

 Rate
The contract unit rates for the various items of dismantling shall by payment in full for
carrying out the required operations including full compensation for all labour, materials,
tools, equipment, safeguards and incidentals necessary to complete the work. The rates will
include excavation and backfilling to the required compaction and for handling, giving credit
towards salvage value disposing of the dismantled materials within all lead and lifts.

 Payment shall be made on Cum. basis.

Item No.25
Dismentling steel work including distempering and stacking the materials with all lead and
lift.

The relevant specification of Item No. 24 shall be followed for the execution for the work is
Dismentling steel work including distempering and stacking the materials with all lead and
lift.

The contract rate shall be for a unit of One Kg. of completed item.

50
Item No.26
Excavation for foundatiuon upto 1.5 m depth incl. Sorting out & stacking of useful material &
disposing of the excavated stuff upto 50m. Lead. (B) Dense or hard soil.

304.1 Scope
Excavation for structures shall consist of the removal of material for the construction of other similar
structures, in accordance with the requirements of these Specifications and the lines and dimensions
shown on the drawings or as indicated by the Engineer. The work shall include construction of the
necessary cofferdams and cribs and their subsequent removal; all necessary sheeting, shoring,
bracing, draining and pumping; the removal of all logs, stumps, grubs and other deleterious matter
and obstruction, necessary for placing the foundations; trimming bottoms of excavations; backfilling
and clearing up the site and the disposal of all surplus material.

304.2 Classification of Excavation

301.2.1. Classification : All materials involved in excavation shall be classified by the

Engineer in the following manner:

(a) Soil
This shall comprise topsoil, turf, sand, silt, loam, clay, mud, peat, black cotton soil, soft shale or loose
murrum, a mixture of these and similar material which yields 10 the ordinary application of pick,
spade and/or shovel, rake or other ordinary digging equipment. Removal of gravel or any other
modular material having dimension in any one direction not exceeding 75 mm shall be deemed to be
covered under this category.

(b) Ordinary Rock (not requiring blasting) this shall include:

(i) Rock types such as laterites, shales and conglomerates, varieties of limestone and
sandstone etc., which may be quarried or split with crow bars, also including any rock which in dry
state may be hard, requiring blasting but which, when wet, becomes soft and manageable by means
other than blasting;
(ii) macadam surfaces such as water bound and bitumen bound; soling of roads, cement
concrete pavement, coddle stone etc. compacted murrum or stabilized soil requiring use of pick axe
or shovel or both.
(iii) lime concrete, stone masonry and brick work in lime/cement mortar below ground
level, reinforced cement concrete which may be broken up with crow bars or picks and stone
masonry in cement mortar below ground level; and
(iv) boulders which do not require blasting found lying loose on the surface or embedded
in river bed, soil, talus, slope wash and terrace material of dissimilar origin.

(c) Hard Rock (requiring blasting)

This shall comprise:
(i) any rock or cement concrete for the excavation of which the use of mechanical plant
and/or blasting is required;
(ii) reinforced cement concrete below ground level and in bridge / ROB / RUB / fly over
piers and abutments,
(iii) boulders requiring blasting.

51
(d) Hard Rock (using controlled blasting)
Hard rock requiring blasting as described under (c) but where controlled blasting is to be carried out
in locations where built-up area, huts and are situated at within 200m of the blast site.

(e) Hard Rock (blasting prohibited)

Hard rock requiring blasting as described under (c) but where blasting is prohibited for any reason
like people living within 20m of blast sites etc. and excavation has to be carried out by chiselling,
wedging or any other agreed method.

(f) Marshy Soil

This shall include soils like soft clays and peats excavated below the original ground level of marshes
and swamps and soils excavated from other areas requiring continuous pumping or bailing out of
water.

304.3 Construction Operations

304.3.1 Setting Out
After the site has been cleared according to Clause 201, the limits of excavation shall be set
out true to lines, curves and slopes, curves, slopes, grades and sections as shown on the drawings or
as directed by the Engineer. The Contractor shall provide all labour, survey instruments and
materials such as strings, pegs, nails, bamboos, stones, lime, mortar, concrete etc. required in
connection with the setting out of works and the establishment of bench marks. The Contractor shall
be responsible for the maintenance of bench marks and other marks and stakes as long as in the
opinion of the Engineer, they are required for the work.

304.3.2 Excavation
Excavation shall be taken to the width of the lowest step of the footing including additional
width as required for construction operation. The sides shall be left plumb where the nature of soil
allows it. Where the nature of soil or the depth of the trench and season of the year do not permit
vertical sides, the Contractor at his own cost shall put up necessary shoring; strutting and planking
or cut slopes to a safer angle or both with due regard to the safety of personnel and works and to the
satisfaction of the Engineer.
The depth to which the excavation is to be carried out shall be as shown on the drawings,
unless the type of material encountered is such as to require changes, in which case the depth shall
be as ordered by the Engineer. Propping shall be undertaken when any foundation or stressed zone
from an adjoining structure is within a line of 1 vertical to 2 horizontal from the bottom of the
excavation.
Where blasting is to be resorted to, the same shall be carried out in accordance with Clause
302 and all precautions indicated therein observed. Where blasting is likely to endanger adjoining
foundations or other structures, necessary precautions such as controlled blasting, providing rubber
mat cover to prevent flying of debris etc. shall be taken to prevent any damage.

304.3.3 Dewatering and Protection

Normally, open foundations shall be laid dry. Where water is met with in excavation due to
stream flow, seepage, springs, rain or other reasons, the Contractor shall take adequate measures
such as bailing, pumping, constructing diversion channels, drainage channels, bunds, depression of
water level by well-point system, cofferdams and other necessary works to keep the foundation

52
trenches dry when so required and to protect the green concrete/ masonry against damage by
erosion or sudden rising of water level. The methods to be adopted in this regard and other details
thereof shall be left to the choice of the Contractor but subject to the approval of the Engineer.
Approval of the Engineer shall, however, not relieve the Contractor of the responsibility for the
adequacy of dewatering and protection arrangements for the quality and safety of the works.
Where cofferdams are required, these shall be carried to adequate depths and heights, be
safely designed and constructed and be made as watertight as is necessary for facilitating
construction to be carried out inside them. The interior dimensions of the cofferdams shall be such
as to give sufficient clearance for the construction and inspection and to permit installation of
pumping equipment’s etc. inside the enclosed area.
If it is determined beforehand that the foundations cannot be laid dry or the situation is
found that the percolation is too heavy for keeping the foundation dry, the foundation concrete shall
be laid under water by tremie pipe only. In case of flowing water or artesian springs, the flow shall
be stopped or reduced as far as possible at the time of placing the concrete.
Pumping from the interior of any foundation enclosure shall be done in such a manner as to
preclude the possibility of the movement of water through any fresh concrete. No pumping shall be
permitted during the placing of concrete and for a period of at least 24 hours thereafter, unless it is
done from a suitable sump separated from the concrete work by a watertight wall or other similar
means.
At the discretion of the Contractor, cement grouting or other approved methods may be used
to prevent or reduce seepage and to protect the excavation area.
The Contractor shall take all precautions in diverting channels and in discharging the drained
water as not to cause damage to the works, crops or any other property.

304.3.4 Preparation of Foundation

The bottom of the foundation shall be levelled both longitudinally and transversely or
stepped as directed by the Engineer. Before footing is laid, the surface shall be slightly watered and
rammed. In the event of excavation having been made deeper than that shown on the drawings or as
otherwise ordered by the Engineer, the extra depth shall be made up with concrete as per Clause
2104.1 at the cost of the Contractor. Ordinary filling shall not be permitted to bring the foundation to
the design level as shown in the drawing.
When rock or other hard strata is encountered, it shall be freed of all soft and loose material,
cleaned and cut to a firm surface either level or stepped as directed by the Engineer. All seams shall
be cleaned out and filled with cement mortar or grout to the satisfaction of the Engineer. In the case
of excavation in rock, annular space around footing shall be filled with lean concrete M 15 up to the
top level of rock.
If the depth of fill required is more than 1.5 m in soft rock or 0.6 m in hard rock above the
foundation level, the filling up to this level shall be done with M-15 concrete and portion above shall
be filled by concrete or by boulders grouted with cement. When foundation piles are used, the
excavation for pile cap shall be done after driving/casting of all piles forming the group. After pile
driving operations in a given pit are completed, all loose and displaced materials therein shall be
removed to the level of the bottom of the pile cap.

304.3.5 Slips and Slip-Outs

If there are any slips or slip-outs in the excavation, these shall be removed by the Contractor
at his own cost.

53
304.3.6 Public Safety
Near towns, villages and all frequented places, trenches and foundation pits shall be securely fenced,
provided with proper caution signs and marked with red lights at night to avoid accidents. The
Contractor shall take adequate protective measures to see that the excavation operations do not
affect or damage adjoining structures. For safety precautions, guidance may be taken from IS:3764.

304.3.7 Backfilling
Backfilling shall be done with approved material after concrete or masonry is fully set and carried
out in such a way as not to cause undue thrust on any part of the structure. All space between
foundation masonry or concrete and the sides of excavation shall be refilled to the original surface in
layers not exceeding 150 mm compacted thickness. The compaction shall be done with the help of
suitable equipment such as trench compactor, mechanical tamper, rammer, plate vibrator etc. after
necessary watering, so as to achieve the maximum dry density.

304.3.8 Disposal of Surplus Excavated Materials

All the excavated materials shall either be reused with the approval of the Engineer or
disposed off with all leads and lifts as directed by Engineer in charge.

304.4 Measurements for Payment

Excavation for structures shall be measured in Cu.m for each class of material encountered, limited
to the dimensions shown on the drawings or as directed by the Engineer. Excavation over increased
width, cutting of slopes, production/support to the existing structures shoring, shuttering and
planking shall be deemed as incidental to the main work and shall not be measured and paid
separately.

304.5 Rates
304.5.1 The Contract unit rate for the items of excavation for structures shall be payment in
full for carrying out the required operations including full compensation for:
i. setting out;
ii. transporting the excavated materials for use or disposal with all leads and lifts;
iii. construction of necessary cofferdams, cribs/sheeting, shoring and bracing and their
subsequent removal;
iv. removal of all logs, stumps, grubs and other deleterious matter and obstructions, for placing
the foundations including trimming of bottoms of excavations;
v. foundation sealing, dewatering including pumping when no separate provision for it is made
in the Contract;
vi. backfilling, clearing up the site and disposal of all surplus material with all leads and lifts or
as otherwise specified; and
vii. all labour, materials, tools, equipment, safety measures, diversion of traffic and incidentals
necessary to complete the work to Specifications.

304.5.2 The Contract unit rate for preparation of rock foundation shall be full compensation
for cutting, trimming and cleaning the foundation surface and filling/sealing of all seams with
cement grout or mortar including all materials, labour and incidentals required for completing the
work

54
Item No.27
Providing and laying controlled cement concrete M.150 for curing complete excluding cost of
formwork and reinforcement for reinforced concrete work in (A) Foundations, footings, Base
of columns and Mass concrete.

1701 DESCRIPTION
The work shall consist of producing, transporting, placing and compacting of structural
concrete including fixing formwork and temporary works etc. and incidental construction in
accordance with these Specifications and in conformity with the lines, grades and dimensions, as
shown on the drawings or as directed by the Engineer.
1702 MATERIALS
All materials shall conform to Section 1000 of MORTH SPECIFICATION 5th Revision.
1703 GRADES OF CONCRETE
1703.1 The grades of concrete shall be designated by the characteristic strength as given in
Table 1700-1, where the characteristic strength is defined as the strength of concrete below which
not more than 5 percent of the test results are expected to fall.
Table 1700-1: Grades of Concrete
Type of Concrete / Grade Designation
Characteristic
High Performance
Nominal Mix Concrete Standard Concrete Strength in MPa
Concrete
M15 M15 15
M20 M20 20
M25 25
M30 M30 30
M40 M35 35
M45 M40 40
M50 M45 45
M50 50
M55 55
M60 60
M65 65
M70 70
M75 75
M80 80
M85 85
M90 90

1. Normal Mix Concrete is made on the basis of nominal mix proportioned by weight of its main
ingredients - cement, coarse and fine aggregates and water.
2. Standard concrete is made on the basis of design mix proportioned by weight of its
ingredients, which in addition to cement, aggregates and water, may contain chemical
admixtures to achieve certain target values of various properties in fresh condition,

55
 achievement of which is monitored and controlled during production by suitable tests.
Generally concrete of grades up to M50 are included in this type.
3. High Performance Concrete is similar to standard concrete but contains additional one or
more mineral admixtures providing binding characteristics and partly acting as inert filler
material which increases its strength, reduces its porosity and modifies its other properties
in fresh as well as hardened condition. Concrete of grades upto M90 are included in this type.
4. For concrete of grades higher than M90, the design parameters may be obtained from
specialized literature and experimental results.
1703.2 The minimum grades of concrete and corresponding minimum cement content and
maximum water/cement ratios for different exposure conditions shall be as indicated in Table 1700-
2.
1703.3 For concrete subjected to sulphate attack the minimum grades of concrete, minimum
cement content and maximum water/cement ratios and types of cement for different concentration
of sulphate content shall be as indicated in Table 1700-3.

Table 1700-2: Requirement of Concrete for Different Exposure Condition using 20 mm

Aggregate

Exposure Maximum Water Minimum Cement Minimum Grade of

Condition Cement Ratio Content, kg/m 3 Concrete
Moderate 0.45 340 M25
Severe 0.45 360 M30
Very Severe 0.40 380 M40

Note:
i. All three provisions given in the above table for a particular exposure condition, shall be
satisfied.
ii. The term cement for maximum w/c ratio and minimum cement content shown in Table
includes all cementitious materials mentioned in Clause 1715.2. The maximum limit of fly ash
and ground granulated blast furnace slag in the blended cement shall be as specified in
18:1489 (Part 1) and 18:455 respectively.
iii. For plain cement concrete, with or without surface reinforcement, the minimum grade of
concrete can be lowered by 5 MPa and maximum water/cement ratio exceeded by 0.05.
Cement content shown in the above table shall be increased by 40 kg/m3 for use of 12.50 mm
nominal size aggregates and decreased by 30 kg/m3 for use of 40 mm nominal size aggregates.

56
 Table 1700-3: Requirement of Concrete Exposed to Sulphate Attack
Concentration of Sulphates as SO3
Minimum Maximum
In Soil Type of Minimum
Cement Water/
Class SO3 in 2:1 In Ground Cement Grade of
Total SO3 Contact Cement
Water: Soil Water, g/l (Note ii) Concrete
% kg/m3 Ratio
Extract, g/l
-OPC,
1 Traces <1.0 <0.3 280 0.5 M25
PPC or PSC
-OPC,
PPC or
2 2.0 to 0.5 1.0 to 1.9 0.3 to 1.2 330 0.5 M25
PSC
–SRPC
-SRPC, 330 0.5 M25
3 0.5 to 1.0 1.9 to 3.1 1.2 to 2.5 -PPC or
PSC 350 0.45 M30
4 1.0 to 2.0 3.1 to 5.0 2.5 to 5.0 -SRPC 370 0.45 M35
-SRPC with
5 >2.0 >5.0 >5.0 protective 400 0.4 M40
coating

Note: If the requirements of maximum water/cement ratio, minimum grade of concrete and
minimum cement content from other durability considerations as given in Table 1700-2 are more
stringent than those given in this table, then the former will govern.
OPC : Ordinary Portland Cement, PPC: Portland Pozzolona Cement. PSC: Portland Slag Cement, SRPC:
Sulphate Resisting Portland cement.
The minimum cement content shall be as low as possible but not less than the quantities specified in
Table 1700-2 and 1700-3.
The maximum cement content excluding any mineral admixtures (Portland cement component
alone) shall not exceed 450 kg/cu.m.
1703.4 Concrete used in any component or structure shall be specified by designation along
with prescribed method of design of mix i.e. 'Design Mix' or 'Nominal Mix'. For all items of concrete,
only design mix shall be used, except where nominal mix concrete is permitted as per drawing or by
the Engineer. Nominal mix may be permitted only for minor bridges and culverts or other incidental
construction, where strength requirements are up to M 20 only. Nominal mix may also be permitted
for non-structural concrete or for screed below open foundations.
1703.5 If the Contractor so proposes, the Engineer may permit the use of concrete of higher
grade than that specified on the drawing, provided the higher grade concrete meets the
specifications applicable. The additional cost of such higher grade concrete shall be borne by the
Contractor.
1704 PROPORTIONING OF CONCRETE
Prior to the start of construction, the Contractor shall design the mix in case of design rnix concrete
or propose nominal mix in case of nominal mix concrete, and submit to the Engineer for approval,

57
the proportions of materials, including admixtures to be used. Water-reducing admixtures (including
plasticisers or super-plasticisers) may be used at the Contractor's option, subject to the approval of
the Engineer.
1704.1 Requirements of Consistency
The mix shall have the consistency which will allow proper placement and compaction in the
required position. Every attempt shall be made to obtain uniform consistency. Slump test shall be
used to measure consistency of the concrete.
The optimum consistency for various types of structures shall be as indicated in Table 1700-4, or as
directed by the Engineer. The slump of concrete shall be checked as per IS:516.
Table 1700-4: Requirements of Consistency
Type Slump (mm) (at the Time of
Placing of Concrete
1 a) Structure with exposed inclined surface requiring low 25
slump concrete to allow proper compaction
b) Plain Cement concrete 25
3 RCC structure with widely spaced reinforcements; e.g. 40-50
solid columns, piers, abutment, footing, well steining
3 RCC structure with fair degree of congestion of 50-75
reinforcement; e.g. pier and abutment caps, box culverts,
well curb, well cap, walls with thickness greater then 300
mm
4 RCC and PSC structure with highly congested 75-125
reinforcements e.g. deck slab girders, box girder, walls
with thickness less than 300 mm
5 Under water concreting through tremie e.g. bottom plug, 150-200
cast in-situ piling

Not with standing the optimum consistency indicated against SI. No. 1 to 3, the situation should be
property assessed to arrive at the desired workability with the adjustment of admixture in each case,
where the concrete is to be transported through transit mixer and placed using concrete pump.
Under these circumstances, the optimum consistency during placement for the items of work of SI.
No. 1 to 3, can be considered ranging from 75 mm to 150 mm. This is, however, subject to satisfying
the other essential criteria of strength, durability etc. and approval of the Engineer.
1704.2 Requirements for Design Mixes
1704.2.1 Target Mean Strength
The target mean strength of specimen shall exceed the specified characteristic compressive strength
by at least the current margin.
The current margin for a concrete mix shall be determined by the Contractor shall be taken as 1.64
times the standard deviation of sample test results taken from at least 40 separate batches of
concrete of nominally similar proportions produced at site by the same plant under similar
supervision, over a period exceeding 5 days, but not exceeding 6 months.

58
Where there is insufficient data to satisfy the above, the current margin for the initial design mix
shall be taken as given in Table 1700-5 :
Table 1700-5: Current Margin for Initial Design Mix
Current Margin Target Mean Strength
Concrete Grade
(MPa) (MPa)
M15 10 25
M20 10 30
M25 11 36
M30 12 42
M35 12 47
M40 12 52
M45 13 58
M50 13 63
M55 14 69
M60 14 74
M65 15 80
M70 15 85
M75 15 90
M80 15 95
M85 16 101
M90 16 106

The initial current margin given in Table 1700-5 shall be used till sufficient data is available to
determine the current margin as per Sub-Clause 1704.2.1 (i).
1704.2.2 Trial Mixes
The Contractor shall give notice to the Engineer to enable him to be present at the time of carrying
out trial mixes and preliminary testing of the cubes. Prior to commencement of trial mix design, all
materials forming constituents of proposed design mix should have been tested and approval
obtained in writing from the Engineer. Based on test results of material draft mix design calculation
for all grades of concrete to be used in the works, shall be prepared after taking into account the
provisions in the Contract Technical Specifications Guidelines of IS:10262, IS:SP:23 and IRC:112 and
submitted to the Engineer for approval.' Prior to commencement of concreting, trial mix design shall
be performed for all grades of concrete and trial mix which has been found successful, shall be
submitted by the Contractor and approval obtained. During concreting with the approved trial mix
design, if source of any constituents is changed, the mix design shall be revised and tested for
satisfying the strength requirements.

59
The initial trial mixes shall be carried out in a laboratory approved by the Engineer. However,
Engineer may permit the initial trial mixes to be prepared at the site laboratory of the Contractor, if a
full fledged concrete laboratory has been established well before the start of construction, to his
entire satisfaction. Sampling and testing procedures shall be in accordance with these Specifications.
When the site laboratory is utilized for preparing initial mix design, the concrete production plant
and means of transport employed to make the trial mixes shall be similar to those proposed to be
used in the works.
For each trial mix, a set of six cubes shall be made from each of three consecutive batches for
purposes of testing. Three cubes from each set of six shall be tested at an age of 28 days and three at
an earlier age approved by the Engineer. The cubes shall be made, cured, stored, transported and
tested in accordance with these Specifications. The mean strength of the nine cubes at 28 days shall
exceed the specified characteristic strength by the current margin minus 3.5 MPa.
1704.2.3 Control of Strength of Design Mixes
 Adjustment to Mix Proportions
Adjustment to mix proportions arrived at in the trial mixes, shall be made subject to the Engineer's
approval, in order to minimize the variability of strength and to maintain the target mean strength.
Such adjustments shall not be taken to imply any change in the current margin.
 Change of Current Margin
When required by the Engineer, the Contractor shall recalculate the current margin in accordance
with clause 1704.2.1. The recalculated value shall be adopted as directed by the Engineer, and it shall
become the current margin for concrete produced thereafter.
 Additional Trial Mixes
In case any changes are observed in the properties of fresh concrete and/or strength of hardened
concrete on the basis of early age tests, additional mixes and tests shall be carried out during
production, so as to control and bring the quality of concrete within acceptable limits. In case of any
change in the source or properties of materials, the design of mix shall be established afresh.
1704.3 Requirements of Nominal Mix Concrete
Requirements for nominal mix concrete unless otherwise specified shall be as given in Table 1700-6.
Table 1700-6: Requirements for Nominal Mix Concrete

Total Quantity of dry Maximum Quantity of

Aggregate by mass per 50 water for 50 kg of
Proportion of Fine Cement (Litres)
kg of cement to be taken
Concrete Grade to Coarse Aggregate
as the Sum of individual
(by Mass)
masses of fine and coarse PCC RCC
Aggregate
M 15 350 Generally 1:2, 25
subject to upper
M 20 250 limit 1:1.5 and 2 22
lower limit of 1:2.5

60
1704.4 Additional Requirements
Concrete shall meet any other requirements as specified on the drawing or as directed by the
Engineer. The overall limits of deleterious substances in concrete shall be as follows:
Total acid soluble chloride content in the concrete mix expressed as chloride ions shall not exceed
the following values by mass of cement.
Prestressed concrete 0.10 percent
Reinforced concrete (in severe, very severe
or extreme exposure condition) 0.20 percent
Reinforced concrete in moderate exposure condition 0.30 percent
The total water soluble sulphate content of the concrete mix expressed as S03, shall not exceed 4
percent by mass of cement in the mix.
For concrete made with Portland pozzolona cement, Portland blast furnace slag cement or mineral
admixtures, the setting time and rate of gain of strength are different from those for concrete made
with OPC alone. Such modified properties shall be taken into account while deciding the de-
shuttering time, curing period, early age loading and time of prestressing. Additional cube samples
may be required to be taken for verifying the concrete properties.

1704.5 Suitability of Proposed Mix Proportions

The Contractor shall submit the following information for the Engineer's approval :
Nature and source of each material
Quantities of each material per cubic metre of fully compacted concrete
Either of the following :
Appropriate existing data as evidence of satisfactory previous performance for the target mean
strength, current margin, consistency and water/cement ratio and any other additional requirement
(s) as specified.
full details of tests on trial mixes.
Statement giving the proposed mix proportions for nominal mix concrete
Any change in the source of material or in the mix proportions shall be subject to the Engineer's
prior approval.

1704.6 Checking of Mix Proportions and Water/Cement Ratio

In proportioning concrete, the quantity of both cement and aggregate shall be determined by weight.
Where the weight of cement per bag as given by the manufacturer is accepted, a reasonable number
of bags shall be weighed separately to check the net weight. Where cement is weighed from bulk
stock at site and not by bag, it shall be weighed separately from the aggregates. Water shall either be

61
measured by volume in calibrated tanks or weighed. All measuring equipment shall be maintained in
a clean and serviceable condition. Their accuracy shall be periodically checked.
The specified water/cement ratio shall always be kept constant and at its correct value. To this end,
moisture content in both fine and coarse aggregates shall be determined as frequently as possible,
the frequency for a given job being determined by the Engineer according to the weather conditions.
The amount of water to be added shall then be adjusted to compensate for variations in the moisture
content. For the determination of moisture content in the aggregates 18:2386 (Part III) shall be
referred. Suitable adjustments shall also be made in the weight of aggregates to allow for their
variation in weight due to variation in their moisture content.
1704.7 Grading of Aggregates for Pumped Concrete
Materials for pumped concrete shall be batched consistently and uniformly. Maximum size of
aggregate shall not exceed one-third of the internal diameter of the pipe.
The grading of aggregates shall be continuous and shall have sufficient ultra fine materials (material
finer than 0.25 mm). Proportion of fine aggregates passing through 0.25 mm shall be between 15 and
30 percent and that passing through 0.125 mm sieve shall not be less than 5 percent of the total
volume of aggregate. Admixtures to increase workability can be added. When pumping long
distances and in hot weather, set-retarding admixtures can be used. Fluid mixes can be pumped
satisfactorily after adding plasticisers and super plaslicisers. Suitability of concrete shall be verified
by trial mixes and by performing pumping test.
1705 ADMIXTURES
1705.1 Chemical Admixtures
Chemical admixtures such as superplasticisers, or air entraining, water reducing, accelerating and
retarding agents for concrete, may be used with the approval of the Engineer.
As the selection of an appropriate concrete admixture is an integral part of the mix design, the
manufacturers shall recommend the use of any one of their products only after obtaining
complete information of all the actual constituents of concrete as well as methodologies of
manufacture, transportation and compaction of concrete proposed to be used in the work.
Admixtures/additives conforming to IS:9103 may be used subject to approval of the Engineer.
However, admixtures/additives generating hydrogen or nitrogen and containing chlorides, nitrates,
sulphides, sulphates or any other material likely to adversely affect the steel or concrete, shall not be
permitted.
The general requirements for admixtures are given in Clause 1007 of these Specifications.
Compatibility of the admixtures with the cement and any other pozzolona or hydraulic addition shall
be ensured by for avoiding the following problems :
Requirement of large dosage of super plasticiser for achieving the desired workability,
Excessive retardation of setting,

62
Excessive entrainment of large air bubbles,
Unusually rapid stiffening of concrete,
Rapid loss of slump
Excessive segregation and bleeding.
1705.2 Mineral Admixtures
For use of mineral admixtures, refer Clauses 1714.1 and 1715.2.
1706 SIZE OF COARSE AGGREGATES
The size (maximum nominal) of coarse aggregates for concrete to be used in various components
shall be as given in Table 1700-7.
Table 1700-7: Maximum Nominal Size of Coarse Aggregates

Maximum Nominal Size

Components of Coarse Aggregate
(mm)

I) RCC well curb 20

ii) RCC/PCC well steining 40
iii) Well cap or Pile Cap Solid type pier and abutment 40
RCC work in girder, slabs wearing coat, kerb, approach slab,
iv) 20
hollow piers and abutments, pier/abutment caps, piles
V) PSC Work 20
vi) Any other work As specified by the Engineer

Maximum nominal size of aggregates shall also be restricted to the smaller of the following values:
10 mm less than the minimum lateral clear distance between individual reinforcements
10 mm less than the minimum clear cover to the reinforcement
One quarter of minimum thickness of member
The proportions of the various individual sizes of aggregates shall be so adjusted that the grading
produces the densest mix and the grading curve corresponds to the maximum nominal
1707 EQUIPMENT
Unless specified otherwise, equipment for production, transportation and compaction of concrete
shall be as under:
Production of Concrete :
For overall bridge length of less than 200 m - batch type concrete mixer, diesel or electric operated,
with a minimum size of 200 litres automatic water measuring system and integral weigher
(hydraulic/pneumatic type).

63
For overall bridge length of 200 m or more - concrete batching and mixing plant fully automatic, with
minimum capacity of 15 cum per hour.
All measuring devices of the equipment shall be maintained in a clean and serviceable condition.
Their accuracy shall be checked over the range in use, when set up at each site and thereafter,
periodically as directed by the Engineer. Size adopted for the concrete mix.
The accuracy of the measuring devices shall fall within the following limits :
Measurement of Cement ± 3 percent of the quantity of cement in each batch
Measurement of Water ± 3 percent of the quantity of water in each batch
Measurement of Aggregate ± 3 percent of the quantity of aggregate in each batch
Measurement of Admixture ± 3 percent of the quantity of admixture in eqch batch
Transportation of Concrete:
Concrete dumpers minimum 2 tonnes capacity
Powered hoists minimum 0.5 tonne capacity
Chutes
Buckets handled by cranes
Transit truck mixer
Concrete pump
Concrete distributor booms
Belt conveyor
Cranes with skips
Tremies
For Compaction of Concrete:
Internal vibrators size 25 mm to 70 mm
Form vibrators minimum 500 watts
Screed vibrators full width of carriageway (upto two lanes)

1708 BATCHING, MIXING, TRANSPORTING, PLACING AND COMPACTION

1708.1 General
Prior to start of concreting, the Contractor shall submit for approval of the Engineer, his programme
along with list of equipment proposed to be used by him for batching, mixing, transporting and
placing concrete.
1708.2 Batching of Concrete
In batching concrete:
The quantity of cement, aggregate and mineral admixtures, if used, shall be determined by mass.
Chemical admixtures, if solid, shall be determined by mass.
Liquid admixtures may be measured in volume or mass, and

64
Water shall be weighed or measured by volume in a calibrated tank.
The concrete shall be sourced from on-site or off-site batching and mixing plants, or from approved
Ready Mixed Concrete plants, preferably having quality certification.
Except where supply of properly graded aggregate of uniform quality can be maintained over a
period of work, the grading of aggregate should be controlled by obtaining the coarse aggregate in
different sizes and blending them in the right proportions when required, the different sizes being
stocked in separate stock piles. The materials should be stock piled several hours, preferably a day
before use. The grading of coarse and fine aggregate should be checked as frequently as possible to
ensure that the specified grading is maintained.
The water/cement ratio shall always be maintained constant at its correct value. To this end,
determination of moisture content in both fine and coarse aggregates shall be made as frequently as
possible, depending on weather conditions. The amount of added water shall be adjusted to
compensate for any observed variations in the moisture content. To allow for the variation in mass of
aggregate due to variation in moisture content, suitable adjustment in the mass of aggregate shall
also be made. Accurate control shall be kept on the quantity of mixing water, which when specified,
shall not be changed without approval.

1708.3 Mixing Concrete

1708.3.1 Mixing at Site
All concrete shall be machine mixed. In order to ensure uniformity and good quality of concrete the
ingredients shall be mixed in a power driven batch mixer with hopper and suitable weigh batching
arrangement or in a central mix plant. Hand mixing shall not be permitted. The mixer or the plant
shall be at an approved location considering the properties of the mixes and the transportation
arrangements available with the Contractor. The mixer or the plant shall be approved by the
Engineer.
Mixing shall be continued till materials are uniformly distributed, a uniform colour of the entire mass
is obtained and each individual particle of the coarse aggregate shows complete coating of mortar
containing its proportionate amount of cement. In no case shall mixing be done for less than 2
minutes. It shall be ensured that the mixers are not loaded above their rated capacities and are
operated at a speed recommended by the manufacturer. When mineral admixtures are added at the
mixing stage, their thorough and uniform blending with cement shall be ensured, if necessary by
longer mixing time. The addition of water after the completion of the initial mixing operation shall
not be permitted.
Mixers which have been out of use for more than 30 minutes shall be thoroughly cleaned before
putting in a new batch and also before changing from one type of cement to another.

65
1708.3.2 Ready Mix Concrete
Use of ready mix concrete proportioned and mixed off the project site and delivered to site in a
freshly mixed and unhardened state conforming to 18:4926, shall be allowed with the approval of
the Engineer.

1708.4 Transporting Concrete

Mixed concrete shall be transported from the place of mixing to the place of final deposit as rapidly
as possible by methods which will prevent the segregation or loss of the ingredients. The method of
transporting or placing of concrete shall be approved by the Engineer. Concrete shall be transported
and placed as near as practicable to its final position so that no contamination, segregation or loss of
its constituents materials take place.
Concrete may be transported by transit mixers or properly designed buckets or by pumping. Transit
mixers or other hauling equipment when used should be equipped with the means of discharge of
concrete without segregation. During hot or cold weather, concrete shall be transported in deep
containers. Other suitable methods to be reduce the loss of water by evaporation in hot weather and
heat loss in cold weather may also be adopted.
When concrete is conveyed by chute, the plant shall be of such size and design as to ensure
practically continuous flow. Slope of the chute shall be so adjusted that the concrete flows without
excessive quantity of water and without any segregation of its ingredients. The delivery end of the
chute shall be as close as possible to the point of deposit. The chute shall be thoroughly flushed with
water before and after each working period and the water used for this purpose shall be discharged
outside the formwork.
In case concrete is to be transported by pumping, the fresh concrete should have adequate fluidity
and cohesiveness to be pumpable. Proper concrete mix proportioning and initial trials should ensure
this. The conduit shall be primed by pumping a batch of mortar through the line to lubricate it. Once
the pumping is started, it shall not be interrupted, as concrete standing idle in the line is liable to
cause plug. The operator shall ensure that some concrete is always there in the pumps receiving
hopper during operation. The lines shall always be maintained clean and free of dents.
Pipelines from the pump to the placing area shall be laid with minimum bends. For large quantity
placements, standby pumps shall be available. Suitable air release valves, shutoff valves etc. shall be
provided as per site requirements. The pumping of priming mix i.e. rich mix of creamy .consistency,
to lubricate the concrete pump and pipelines, shall precede the pumping of concrete. Continuous
pumping shall be done to the extent possible. After concreting, the pipelines and accessories shall be
cleaned immediately. The pipes for pumping shall not be made of material which has adverse effect
on concrete. Aluminium alloy pipelines shall not be used.

66
1708.5 Placing of Concrete
All formwork and reinforcement contained in it shall be cleaned and made free from standing water,
dust, snow or ice immediately before placing of concrete.
No concrete shall be placed in any part of the structure until the approval of the Engineer has been
obtained. If concreting is not started within 24 hours of the approval being given, the approval shall
have to be obtained again from the Engineer. Concreting shall proceed continuously over the area
between the construction joints. Fresh concrete shall not be placed against concrete which has been
in position for more than 30 minutes, unless a proper construction joint is formed.
The concrete shall be deposited as nearly as practicable in its original position to avoid re-handling.
Methods of placing should be such as to preclude segregation. Care should be taken to avoid
displacement of reinforcement or movement of formwork. To achieve this, concrete should be
lowered vertically in the form and horizontal movement of concrete inside the forms should, as far as
practicable, be minimised.
The concrete shall be placed and compacted before its initial setting so that it is amenable to
compaction by vibration. The workability of concrete at the time of placement shall be adequate for
the compaction equipment to be used. If there is considerable time gap between mixing and placing
of concrete, as in the case of ready mixed concrete plants or off-site batching and mixing plants,
concrete mix shall be designed to have appropriately higher workability at the time of discharge
from the mixer, in order to compensate the loss of workability during transit. This is generally
achieved by suitable chemical admixtures. Keeping these considerations in view, the general
requirement for ready mixed concrete plants or off-site batching and mixing plants, is that concrete
shall be discharged from the truck mixer within two hours of the time of loading. A longer period
may be permitted if suitable retarding admixtures are used.
In wall forms, drop chutes attached to hoppers at the top should preferably be used to lower
concrete to the bottom of the form. As a general guidance, the permissible free fall of concrete may
not exceed 1.5 metres and under no circumstances shall it be more than 2 metres. When free fall of
larger height is involved, self compacting concrete having adequate fluidity, cohesiveness and
viscosity and which uniformly and completely fills every corner of the formwork by its own weight
without segregation, shall be used.
Except where otherwise agreed to by the Engineer, concrete shall be deposited in horizontal layers
to a compacted depth of not more than 450 mm when internal vibrators are used and not more than
300 mm in all other cases.
Concrete when deposited shall have temperature of not less than 5°C and preferably not more than
30°C and in no case more than 40°C. In case of site mixing, fresh concrete shall be placed and
compacted in its final position within 30 minutes of its discharge from the mixer. When the concrete
is carried in properly designed agitator operating continuously, the concrete shall be placed and

67
compacted within 1 hour of the addition of cement to the mix and within 30 minutes of its discharge
from the agitator. It may be necessary to add retarding admixtures to concrete, if trials show that the
periods indicated above are unacceptable. In all such matters, the Engineer's decision shall be final.
1708.6 Compaction of Concrete
Concrete shall be thoroughly compacted by vibration or other means during placing and worked
around the reinforcement, tendons or duct formers, embedded fixtures and into corners of the
formwork to produce a dense homogeneous void-free mass having the required surface finish. When
vibrators are used, vibration shall be done continuously during the placing of each batch of concrete
until the expulsion of air has practically ceased and in a manner that does not promote segregation.
Over-vibration shall be avoided to minimize the risk of forming a weak surface layer. When external
vibrators are used, the design of formwork and disposition of vibrator shall be such as to ensure
efficient compaction and to avoid surface blemishes. Vibrations shall not be applied through
reinforcement and where vibrators of immersion type are used, contact with reinforcement and all
inserts like ducts etc., shall be avoided.
When internal vibrators are used, they shall be inserted vertically to the full depth of the layer being
placed and ordinarily shall penetrate the layer below for a few centimetres. The vibrator should be
kept in place until air bubbles cease escaping from the surface and then withdrawn slowly to ensure
that no hole is left in the concrete, care being taken to see that it remains in continued operation
while being withdrawn. The internal vibrators shall be inserted in an orderly manner and the
distance between insertions should be about one and half times the radius of the area visibly affected
by vibration. Additional vibrators in serviceable condition shall be kept at site so that they can be
used in the event of breakdown.
Mechanical vibrators used shall comply with 18:2502, 18:2506, 18:2514 and 18:4656.
1709 CONSTRUCTION JOINTS
Construction joints shall be avoided as far as possible. In no case shall the locations of such joints be
changed or increased from those shown on the drawings except with the express approval of the
Engineer.
Joints should be positioned where they are readily accessible for preparation and concreting.
Construction joints should be positioned to minimize the effects of the discontinuity of the durability,
structural integrity and appearance of the structure. As far as possible, joints should be provided in
non-aggressive zones, but if joints in aggressive zones cannot be avoided, they should be sealed.
Joints should be located away from the regions of maximum stress caused by loading; particularly
where shear and bond stresses are high.
In beams and slabs joints should not be near the supports. Construction joints between slabs and
ribs in composite beams shall be avoided. For box girders, there shall be no construction joint
between the soffit and webs.

68
Joints should be either vertical or horizontal. For a vertical construction joint, the lifts of concrete
shall finish level or at right angles to the axis of the member. Concreting shall be continued right up
to the joint.
Before resuming work at a construction joint when concrete has not yet fully hardened, all laitance
shall be removed thoroughly. The surface shall be roughened, taking care to avoid dislodgement of
coarse aggregates. Concrete shall be brushed with a stiff brush soon after casting, while the concrete
has only slightly stiffened. If the concrete has partially hardened, it may be treated by wire brushing
or with a high pressure water jet, followed by drying with an air jet, immediately before the new
concrete is placed. Fully hardened concrete shall be treated with mechanical hand tools or grit
blasting, taking care not to split or crack aggregate particles. The practice of first placing a layer of
mortar or grout when concreting joints, shall be avoided. The old surface shall be soaked with water,
without leaving puddles, immediately before starting concreting. The new concrete shall be
thoroughly compacted against it.
Where there is likely to be a delay before placing the next concrete lift, protruding reinforcement
shall be protected. In all cases, where construction joints are made, the joint surface shall not be
contaminated with release agents, dust, or sprayed curing membrane and reinforcement shall be
firmly fixed in position at the correct cover.
The sequence of concreting, striking of forms and positioning of construction joints for every
individual structure, shall be decided well in advance of the commencement of work.
1710 CONCRETING UNDER WATER
When it is necessary to deposit concrete under water, the methods, equipment, materials and
proportions of mix to be used, shall be got approved from the Engineer before any work is started.
Concrete shall not be placed in water having a temperature below 5°C. The temperature of the
concrete, when deposited, shall not be less than 16°C, nor more than 30°C.
Coffer dams or forms shall be sufficiently tight to ensure still water conditions, if practicable,
and in any case to reduce the flow of water to less than 3 m per minute through the space into
which concrete is to be deposited. Coffer dams or forms in still water shall be sufficiently tight
to prevent loss of mortar through the joints in the walls. Pumping shall not be done while
concrete is being placed, or until 24 hours thereafter. To minimize the formation of laitance, care
shall be exercised not to disturb the concrete as far as possible while it is being deposited.
All under water concreting shall be carried out by tremie method only. The number and spacing of
the tremies should be worked out to ensure proper concreting. However, it is necessary to have a
minimum number of 2 tremies for any concreting operation, so that even if one of the tremies goes
out of commission during concreting, the other one can be used to complete the work. The tremie
concreting when started should continue without interruption for the full height of the member
being concreted. The capacity of the concrete production and placement equipment should be

69
sufficient to enable the underwater concreting to be completed uninterrupted within the stipulated
time. The top section of the tremie shall have a hopper large enough to hold one full batch of the mix
or the entire coritents of the transporting bucket, as the case may be. The tremie pipe shall not be
less than 200 mm in diameter and shall be large enough to allow a free flow of concrete and strong
enough to withstand the external pressure of the water in which it is suspended, even if a partial
vacuum develops inside the pipe. Preferably, flanged steel Pipe of adequate strength shall be used. A
separate lifting device shall be provided for each tremie pipe with its hopper at the upper end. Unless
the lower end of the pipe is equipped with an approved automatic check valve, the upper end of the
pipe shall be plugged with a wadding of gunny sacking or other approved material before
delivering the concrete to the tremie pipe through the hopper, so that when the concrete is forced
down from the hopper to the pipe, it will force the plug (and along with it any water in the pipe)
down the pipe and out of the bottom end, thus establishing a continuous stream of concrete. It will
be necessary to raise the tremie slowly in order to allow a uniform flow of concrete. At all times after
placing of concrete is started and until all the required quantity has been placed, the lower end of the
tremie pipe shall be kept below the surface of the plastic concrete and shall not be taken out of
concrete. This will cause the concrete to build up from below instead of flowing out over the surface
and thus avoid formation of layers of laitance. It is advisable to use retarders or suitable super
plasticizers to retard the setting time of concrete, which shall be established before the
commencement of work.
1711 CONCRETING IN EXTREME WEATHER
1711.1 Concreting in Cold Weather
Where concrete is to be deposited at or near freezing temperature, precautions shall be taken to
ensure that at the time of placing, it has a temperature of not less than 5°C and that the temperature
shall be maintained above 4°C until the concrete has hardened. When necessary, concrete
ingredients shall be heated before mixing but cement shall not be heated artificially other than by the
heat transmitted to it from other ingredients of the concrete. Stock-Co piled aggregate may be heated
by the use of dry heat or steam. Aggregates shall not be heated directly by gas or on sheet metal over
fire. In general, the temperature of aggregate or water shall not exceed 65°C. Salt or other chemicals
shall not be used for the prevention of freezing. No frozen material or materials containing ice shall
be used. All concrete damaged by frost shall be removed. Concrete exposed to freezing weather shall
have entrained air and the water content of the mix shall not exceed 30 litres per 50 kg of cement. To
counter slower 17 setting of concrete, accelerators can be used with the approval of the Engineer.
However, accelerators containing chloride shall not be used.
1711.2 Concreting in Hot Weather
When depositing concrete in hot weather, precautions shall be taken so that the temperature of wet
concrete does not exceed 30°C while placing. This shall be achieved by using chilled mixing water,

70
using crushed ice as a part of mixing water, shading stock piles of aggregates from direct rays of the
sun, sprinkling the stock piles of coarse aggregate with water to keep them moist, limiting
temperature of cement below 30°C at the time of use, starting curing before concrete dries out and
restricting time of concreting as far as possible to early mornings and late evenings. When ice is used
to cool mixing water, it will be considered as part of the water in design mix. Under no circumstances
shall the mixing operation be considered complete until all ice in the mixing drum has melted. The
Contractor will be required to state is methodology for the Engineer's approval when temperatures
of concrete are likely to exceed 30°C during the work.
1712 PROTECTION AND CURING
1712.1 General
Concreting operations shall not commence until adequate arrangements for concrete curing have
been made by the Contractor. Curing and protection of concrete shall start immediately, after
compaction of the concrete.
The concrete shall be protected from:
Premature drying out particularly by solar radiation and wind
High internal thermal gradients
Leaching out by rain and flowing water
Rapid cooling during the first few days after placing
Low temperature or frost
Vibration and impact which may disrupt the concrete and interfere with its bond to the
reinforcement.
Vibration caused by traffic including construction traffic.
Concrete shall be protected, without allowing ingress of external water, by means of wet (not
dripping) gunny bags, hessian etc. Once the concrete has attained some degree of hardening
(approximate 12 hrs after mixing), moist curing shall commence and be continued through the
requisite period. Where members are of considerable size and length, with high cement content,
accelerated curing methods may be applied, as approved by the Engineer.
1712.2 Water Curing
Water for curing shall be as specified in Section 1000 of these specifications.
Sea water shall not be used for curing. Sea water shall not come into contact with concrete members
before they have attained adequate strength.
The concrete should be kept constantly wet by ponding or covering or use of sprinklers/ perforated
pipes for a minimum period of 14 days after concreting, except in the case of concrete with rapid
hardening cement, where it can be reduced to 5 days. Water should be applied on surfaces after the
final set. Curing through watering shall not be done on green concrete. On formed surfaces, curing

71
shall start immediately after the forms are stripped. The concrete shall be kept constantly wet with a
layer of sacking, canvas, hessian or similar absorbent material.
1712.3 Steam Curing
Where steam curing is adopted, it shall be ensured that it is done in suitable enclosure to contain the
live steam in order to minimize moisture and heat losses. The initial application of the steam shall be
after about four hours of placement of concrete to allow the initial set of the concrete to take place.
Where retarders are used, the waiting period before application of the steam shall be increased to
about six hours.
The steam shall be at 100 percent relative humidity to prevent loss of moisture and to provide excess
moisture for proper hydration of the cement. The application of steam shall not be directly on the
concrete. Steam curing is applied in enclosures or tunnels through which concrete members are
transported on a conveying system. Alternatively, portable enclosures or plastic covers are placed
over precast members and steam is supplied to the enclosures. The rate of increase or decrease of
temperature should not be more than 10°C to 20°C per hour and the maximum temperature shall be
about 70°C. The maximum temperature shall be maintained until the concrete has attained the
desired strength required at the end of steam curing period and shall be decided by prior trials.
When steam curing is discontinued, the air temperature shall not drop at a rate exceeding 10°C per
hour, until a temperature of about 10°C above the ambient temperature outside has been reached.
Steam curing of concrete shall be followed by water curing for at least 7 days. The concrete shall not
be exposed to temperatures below freezing for at least six days after curing.
1712.4 Curing Compound
Membrane forming curing compounds consisting of waxes, resins, chlorinated rubbers etc. may be
permitted by the Engineer in special circumstances. Curing compounds shall not be used on any
surface which requires further finishing to be applied. All construction joints shall be moist cured
and no curing compound shall be permitted in locations where concrete surfaces are required to be
bonded together.
Liquid membrane forming compounds shall conform to ASTMC 309 and the curing efficiency shall be
as per ASTMC 156.
Curing compounds shall be continuously agitated during use. All concrete cured by this method shall
receive two applications of the curing compound. The first coat shall be applied immediately after
acceptance of concrete finish. If the surface is dry, the concrete shall be saturated with water and
curing compound applied as soon as the surface film of water disappears. The second application
shall be made after the first application has set. Placement in more than two coats may be required
to prevent streaking.
The membrane formed shall be stripped off after 14 days, when curing is complete. Impermeable
membranes, such as sheet materials for curing concrete conforming to ASTM C 171 or polyethylene

72
sheeting Covering closely the concrete surface, may also be used to provide effective barrier against
Evaporation.
1713 FINISHING
Immediately after the removal of forms, exposed bars or bolts, if any, shall be cut inside the concrete
member to a depth of at least 50 mm below the surface of the concrete and the resulting holes filled
with cement mortar. All fins caused by form joints, all cavities produced by the removal of form ties
and all other holes and depressions, honeycomb spots, broken edges or corners, and other defects,
shall be thoroughly cleaned, saturated with water and carefully pointed and rendered true with
mortar. The mortar shall be of cement and fine aggregate mixed in the proportions used in the grade
of concrete that is being finished and of as dry a consistency as possible. Considerable pressure shall
be applied in filling and pointing to ensure thorough filling in all voids. Surfaces which have been
pointed shall be kept moist for a period of twenty four hours. Special pre-packaged proprietary
mortars shall be used where appropriate or where specified in the drawing.
All construction and expansion joints in the completed work shall be left carefully tooled and free
from any mortar and concrete. Expansion joint filler shall be left exposed for its full length with clean
and true edges.
Immediately on removal of forms, the concrete work shall be examined by the Engineer before any
defects are made good. The work that has sagged or contains honeycombing to an extent detrimental
to structural safety or architectural appearance of the member, shall be rejected. Surface defects of a
minor nature may be accepted. On acceptance of such work, the same shall be rectified as directed by
the Engineer.
1714 CONCRETE WITH BLENDED CEMENTS OR MINERAL ADMIXTURES
1714.1 Production of Concrete
In order to improve the durability of the concrete, use of blended cement or blending of mineral
admixtures, is permitted. The maximum limit of flyash and ground granulated blast furnace slag in
concrete, shall be as specified in Clause 1715.2. Blending at site shall be permitted only through a
specific facility with complete automated process control to achieve the specified design quality or
through RMC plants with similar facility.
1714.2 Modified Properties
For concrete made with Portland Pozzolona Cement, Portland Blast furnace slag cement or mineral
admixtures, the setting time and rate of gain of strength are different from those of concrete made
with OPC alone. Cognizance of such modified properties shall be taken in deciding de-shuttering
time, initial time of prestressing, curing period and for early age loading.
1714.3 Compatibility of Chemical Admixtures

73
Compatibility of chemical admixtures and super plasticizers with Portland Pozzolona cement
Portland blast furnace slag cement and mineral admixtures shall be ensured by trials outlined in
Clause 1705.
1714.4 Additional Tests
In addition to the strength tests prescribed in other Sections of these Specifications, the following
additional tests are required to be carried out from considerations of durability.
Rapid Chloride Ion Permissibility Test
Rapid Chloride Ion permeability test on as per ASTM C 1202 at 56 days for extreme, very severe and
severe conditions of exposure. The permissible value of Chloride-Ion permeability for extreme
condition 800 Coulombs very severe condition 1200 coulombs and severe exposure condition 1500
coulombs.
Water Permeability Test
Water permeability test as per DIN: 1048 Part 5-1991 shall be carried out as described in Clause
1717.2.5.5.
1715 HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE
1715.1 General
High Performance Concrete shall be used where special performance requirements of high strength,
high early strength, high workability, low permeability and high durability for severe service
environments, are required. Production and use of such concrete in the field shall be carried out with
high degree of uniformity between batches and very stringent quality control.
1715.2 Materials
Cement, mineral admixtures, chemical admixtures, aggregates and water shall conform to Section
1000 of these Specifications and this Section.
Flyash when used, shall neither be less than 20 percent nor shall be greater than 35 percent of the
total by mass of ordinary Portland cement and flyash and shall conform to grade-1 of IS:3812.
Ground granulated blast furnace (GGBS) slag when used, shall neither be less than 50 percent nor
greater than 70 percent of the total mass of ordinary Portland cement and GGBS and shall conform to
18:12089.
Silica fume conforming to 18:15388 shall be used.
The cement content of concrete inclusive of any mineral admixtures shall not be less than 380
kg/m3. The cement content excluding any mineral admixtures (Portland cement content alone) shall
not exceed 450 kg/m3. The water/cement (cement plus all cementitious materials) ratio should
generally not exceed 0.33 but in no case shall be more than 0.40.
1715.3 Compatibility of Admixtures
Compatibility of the superplasticiser and admixtures with the cement and any other Pozzolanic or
hydraulic dilutes shall be ensured by trials as outlined under Clause 1705.

74
1715.4 Characteristic Strength and Target Mean Strength
Characteristic strength and the initial target mean strength of concrete shall be as given in Table
1700-8.
The target mean strength shall be calculated as per Clause 1704.2 after obtaining data on standard
deviation from sufficient samples.
Table 1700-8: Characteristic Compressive Strength and Target Mean Strength
Specified Characteristic
Grade Target Mean Strength
Compressive Strength at 28
Designation (MPa)
days (MPa)
M40 40 52
M45 45 58
M50 50 63
M55 55 69
M60 60 74
M65 65 80
M70 70 85
M75 75 90
M80 80 95
M85 85 101
M90 90 106

1715.5 Workability and Other Requirements

Workability, concrete mix design, field trial mixes, chloride and sulphate contents shall be a laid
down in other Sections of these Specifications.
1715.6 Mixing of Concrete
The concreting plant and means of transportation employed to make trial mixes and to transport
them to representative distances shall be similar to the corresponding plant and transport to be used
in the works. The optimum sequence of mixing of ingredients shall be established by trials. Mixing
time may be longer than in normal grade concrete mixes.
The temperature of concrete at the time of placement shall not exceed 25°C. The temperature of
concrete at the mixing stage should be lower, to allow for rise in temperature during transport.
When considerable distance of transport is involved, particular attention should be paid to ensure
retention of slump as targeted for placement.
1715.7 Prototype Testing
Mock-up trials or prototype testing may be carried out to ensure that the concrete can be
satisfactorily placed and compacted, taking into account the location of placement and provision of
reinforcement, and required adjustments made in concrete mix design and/or detailing of
reinforcement.
1715.8 Curing of Concrete
High performance concrete containing silica fume is more cohesive than normal mixes hence, there
is a little or no bleeding and no bleed water to rise to the surface to offset water loss due to

75
evaporation. Plastic shrinkage cracking is possible, if curing is not proper. Initial curing should
commence soon after initial setting of concrete. Concrete should be covered with moist covers,
opaque colour plastic sheets or suitable curing compound. Final moist curing should commence after
final setting of concrete and continue for at least 14 days.
1715.9 Additional Tests for Concrete
Apart from the strength tests prescribed in other Sections of these Specifications, the additional tests
as specified under Clause 1714.3 shall also be carried out.
1716 TOLERANCES
Tolerances for dimensions/shape of various components shall be as indicated in these Specifications
or shown on the drawings or as directed by the Engineer.
1717 TESTS AND STANDARDS OF ACCEPTANCE
1717.1 Concrete shall conform to the surface finish and tolerance as prescribed in these
Specifications for respective components.
1717.2 Random sampling and lot by lot acceptance inspection shall be made for the28 days cube
strength of concrete.
1717.3 Concrete under acceptance, shall be notionally divided into lots for the purpose of
sampling before commencement of work. The basis of delimitation of lots shall be as follows:
No individual lot shall be more than 30 cu.m in volume
Different grades of mixes of concrete shall be divided into separate lots.
Concrete of a lot shall be used in the same identifiable component of the bridge.
1717.4 Sampling and Testing
Concrete for preparing 3 test cubes shall be taken from a batch of concrete at point of delivery for
construction, according to procedure laid down in 18:1199.
A random sampling procedure shall be adopted which ensures that each of the concrete batches
forming the lot under acceptance inspection has equal chance of being chosen for taking cubes.
150 mm cubes shall be made, cured and tested at the age of 28 days for compressive strength in
accordance with 18:516. The 28 day test strength result for each cube shall form an item of the
sample. Tests at other age shall also be performed, if specified.
Where automated batching plant/Ready Mixed Concrete Plant is located away from the place of use
and the time gap between production and placement is more than the initial setting time or where
any ingredients are added subsequent to mixing, separate sets of samples shall be collected and
tested at batching plant and at location of placement. The results shall be compared and used to
make suitable adjustment at batching plants so that properties of concrete at placement are as per
the requirements.

76
1717.5 Test Specimen and Sample Strength
Three test specimens shall be made from each sample for testing at 28 days. Additional cubes may be
required for various purposes such as to determine the strength of concrete at 7 days or for any other
purpose.
The test strength of the sample shall be the average of the strength of 3 cubes. The individual
variation should not be more than ±15 percent of the average. If variation is more, the test results of
the sample are invalid.
1717.6 Frequency
The minimum frequency of sampling of concrete of each grade shall be in accordance with Table
1700-9.
Table 1700-9: Minimum Frequency of Sampling
Quantity of Concrete in Work,
No. of Samples
m3
1–5 1
6 – 15 2
16 – 30 3
31 – 50 4
50 and above 4 plus one additional sample for each additional 50
m3 or part thereof

At least one sample shall be taken from each shift of work.

1717.7 Acceptance criteria
1717.7.1 Compressive Strength
Cubes
The concrete shall be taken as having the specified compressive strength when both the following
conditions are met:
The mean strength determined from any group off our consecutive non-overlapping samples
exceeds the specified characteristic compressive strength by 3 MPa.
Strength of any sample is not less than the specified characteristic compressive strength minus 3
MPa.
The quantity of concrete represented by the test results include the batches from which the first and
last samples were taken, together with all intervening batches.
Cores
When the concrete does not satisfy both the conditions given in (1) above, representative cores shall
be extracted from the hardened concrete for compression test in accordance with the method
described in IS: 1199 and tested to establish whether the concrete satisfies the requirement of
compressive strength.

77
Evaluation of compressive strength by taking cores may also be done in case of doubt regarding the
grade of concrete used either due to poor workmanship or based on results of cube strength tests.
The locations from which core samples are to be taken and their number shall be decided so as to be
representative of the whole of the concrete under consideration. However, in no case shall fewer
than three cores be tested. Cores shall be prepared and tested as described in IS:516. Concrete in the
member represented by a core test shall be considered acceptable if the average equivalent cube
strength of the cores is equal to at least 85 percent of the cube strength of the grade of concrete
specified for the corresponding age and no individual core has strength less than 75 percent of the
specified strength.
1717.7.2 Chloride and Sulphate Content
The total chloride and sulphuric anhydride (S03) content of all the constituents of concrete as a
percentage of mass of cement in the mix shall not exceed the values given in this Section.
1717.7.3 Density of Fresh Concrete
Where minimum density of fresh concrete is specified, the mean of any four consecutive non-
overlapping samples shall not be less than the specified value and any individual sample result shall
not be less than 97.5 percent of the specified value.
1717.7.4 Density of Hardened Concrete
Where minimum density of hardened concrete is specified, the mean of any four consecutive non-
overlapping samples shall not be less than the specified value and any individual sample result shall
not be less than 97 .5 percent of the specified value.
1717.7.5 Permeability Test
Water permeability test as per DIN:1048 Part 5-1991 shall be carried out as described below:
A cylindrical test specimen 150 mm dia. and 160 mm high shall be prepared.
After 28 days of curing, the test will be conducted between 28 and 35 days. The test specimen shall
be fitted in a machine such that specimen can be subjected to a water pressure of up to 7 bars. A
typical machine is shown in Appendix-1700/1.
The concrete specimen shall be subjected to a water pressure of 0.5 N/mm2 from the top for a
period of 3 days. The pressure shall be maintained constant throughout the test period. If the water
penetrates through to the underside of the specimen, the test may be terminated and the specimen
rejected as failed.
After 3 days, the pressure shall be released and the sample shall be taken out. The specimen shall be
split in the middle by compression applied on two round bars on opposite sides above and below.
When the split faces show signs of drying (after 5 to 10 minutes) the maximum depth of penetration
in the direction of height shall be measured with the scale and extent of water penetration
established.

78
The mean of maximum depth of penetration obtained from three specimens thus tested, shall be
taken as the test result and it shall not exceed 25 mm.
1717.7.6 If the concrete is not able to meet any of the standards of acceptance as prescribed,
the effect of such deficiency on the structure shall be investigated by the Contractor as directed by
the Engineer. The Engineer may accept the concrete as sub-standard work. Any additional work
required by the Engineer for such acceptance, shall be carried out by the Contractor at his cost. In
case the concrete is not found to be acceptable even after investigation, the Contractor shall remove
the rejected concrete forthwith.
1717.7.7 When durability of concrete is desired the rapid chloride ion permeability test as
stated under Clause 1714.3.1 shall also be performed in addition to above tests.

1718 MEASUREMENTS FOR PAYMENT

Structural concrete shall be measured in cubic metres. In reinforced or prestressed concrete, the
volume occupied by reinforcement or prestressing cables and sheathing shall not be deducted. The
slab shall be measured as running continuously through and the beam as the portion below the slab.

1719 RATE
The contract unit rate for structural concrete shall cover costs of all materials, labour, tools, plant
and equipment required for mixing, transporting and placing in position, vibrating and compacting,
finishing and curing as per this Section or as directed by the Engineer, including all incidental
expenses, sampling and testing, quality assurance and supervision. Unless mentioned separately as
an item in the contract, the contract unit rate for concrete shall also include the cost of providing,
fixing and removing formwork required for concrete work as per Section 1500 of these
Specifications.
If the concrete is found to be acceptable by the Engineer as sub-standard work, the Contractor· shall
be subjected to reduction in his contact unit rate. For deficiency in compressive strength of concrete
when accepted by the Engineer, the reduction in rate shall be applied as under:

The payment will be made on cumt. basis of the finished work.

79
Item No.28
Supplying and fixing reinforced concrete heavy duty non-pressure pipes with collars for
culverts carrying heavy traffic as per IS 458-1991 specifications including setting the pipes in
C.M. 1:2 watering and laying (to level or slopes) of class NP3 of following internal daimeters.
(v) 1200mm dia.

1. This shall consist of furnishing and installing reinforced cement concrete pipe of the type
diameter and length required at the location shown on the drawings or as ordered by the
Engineer-in-charge.
2. Reinforced concrete pipe shall be of NP3 type conforming to the requirements of IS : 458 and
shall be of dia. as specified in the item. Pipes shall be durable & its durability shall be
achieved as a result of low water cement ratio & high compaction with the use of latest
"Vertical Casting Technology" with preciously controlled socket & spigot joints & quality of
pipes and its inner surface shall be smooth and strictly as per I.S. 458/1971. Each
consignment of cement concrete pipes shall be inspected, if necessary and approved by the
Engineer-in-charge either at the place of manufacture or at the site before their
incorporation in the works.
NP4, NP3, NP2 and NP1 pipes are used for R.C.C. Pipes. Where the testing of pipes will not be
feasible the contractors will have to produce a certificate from the manufacturer on
company's letter head in the given hereinafter from.
Production of such certificate will not however relieve the Contractor form his responsibility
of supplying pipes of required standard and will have to bear the loss or damage caused to
the work on account of defects found subsequently during execution. It will also be necessary
to purchase these pipes from manufacturer having standard equipments for carrying out
various tests as per IS : 458 at his factory.

Form of Certificate for NP4, NP-3, NP-2, NP-1 Pipes

We___________________________________________________________

Manufacturer or R.C.C. Pipes produce R.C.C. pipes as per the requirement of IS : 458 and also
carry out the required test at out place, We have acquired equipments for carrying out test
and are prepared to carry out tests at our factory sites. We have experience of manufacturing
of pipes of years. The pipes supplied by us to M/S._____________________________.
Satisfy the requirement of IS:458.
Date:__________________
Place:__________________
Manufacturer's Sign ___________________

3. No pipes shall be placed in position until the foundations have been approved by the
Engineer-in charge. Where two or more pipes are to be laid adjacent to each other, they shall
be separated by a distance equal to at least half the diameter of the pipe subject to minimum
of 1200 mm. The laying of pipes on the prepared foundation shall start from the outlet and
proceed towards the inlet and be completed to the specified lines and grades. The pipes shall
be fitted and matched so that when laid in works they from a culvert with a smooth uniform
invert. Any pipe found defective or damaged during laying shall be removed at there cost of
Contractor.

80
4 The pipes shall be jointed either by collar joint or by flush joint in the former case the collars
shall be of R.C.C. 150 to 200 mm. wide and having the same strength as the pipes to be
jointed. Caulking space shall be between 13 and 20 mm. according to the diametre of the
pipes caulking material shall be slightly wet mix of cement and sand in the ratio of 1:2
rammed with caulking irons. Before caulking the collar shall be so placed that its centre
coincides with that of pipes and an even annular space is left between the collar and the
pipes. Flush joint may be shaped to from a self centering joint with a joining space 13 cm
wide. The joining space shall be filled with cement mortar 1:2 (1 cement : 2 sand) mixed
sufficiently dry to remain in position when forced with a trowel or rammer. Care shall be
taken to fill all voids and excess mortar shall be removed. All joints shall be made with care
so that their interior surface is smooth and consistent with the interior surface of the pipes.
After finishing, the joint shall be kept covered and damp for at least four days.

5. R. C. C. pipes shall be measured along their centre between their inlet and outlet ends in
linear metres.

6. The rate for the pipes shall include the cost of pipe including loading, unloading, handing,
storing laying in position and joining complete.

7. The rate shall be for a unit of one running meter.

Item No.29
Providing and laying controlled cement concrete M.200 for curing complete excluding cost of
formwork and reinforcement for reinforced concrete work in (A) Foundations, footings, Base
of columns and Mass concrete.

The relevant specification of Item No. 27 shall be followed for the execution for the work is
Providing and laying controlled cement concrete M.200 for curing complete excluding cost of
formwork and reinforcement for reinforced concrete work in (A) Foundations, footings, Base
of columns and Mass concrete.

The contract rate shall be for a unit of One Cum. of completed item.

81
Item No.30
Providing TMT Bar FE 500D reinforcement for R.C.C. work including bending, binding and
placing in position complete upto floor two level.

1.0. GENERAL
This work shall consist of furnishing and placing coated, or uncoated or high strength deformed
reinforcement, bars (intentioned) of the shape and dimensions shown on the drawings and
conforming to these specifications or as approved by the Engineer in charge.

2.0. MATERIAL
2.1. T.M.T. Bars
Reinforcements may be either T.M.T. tensile steel, confirms to IS 1786-2008 bars. They may be
uncoated or coated with epoxy or with approved protective coatings.
2.2. T.M.T. bars reinforcement for R.C.C. work shall conform IS 432 (Part II) 1982 (Reaffirmed
1995) and shall be of tested quality. It shall also comply with relevant part of IS 456-2000.
2.3. All reinforcement shall be clean and free from dirt, paint, grease or oil, all scale or loose or
thick rust at the time of placing.
2.4. All steel shall be procured form original producers no re-rolled steel shall be incorporated in
the work.
2.5. Only new steel shall be delivered to the site every bar shall be inspected before placing to its
position and defective brittle or burnt bar shall be discarded cracked ends of bars shall be
discarded

3.0. Pitch
3.1. Distance between bars shall be as specified in drawings and as directed by the Engineer in
charge all bars shall be placed at an accurate distance from each other and shall be bind tightly to
maintain the desired pitch Suitable means shall be provided for holding bars securely in position.

4.0. Binding wire

4.1. Mild steel binding wire shall be of 1.63 mm or 1.22 mm (16 to 18 gauge) diameter and shall
conform IS 280-2006.
4.2. The use of black wire will be permitted for binding reinforcement bars. It shall be free form
free from dirt, paint, grease or oil, oil scale or loose or thick rust and any other undesirable
coating which may prevent adhesion of cement mortar at the time of binding.
4.3. Only new binding wire shall be delivered to the site all binding wire shall be inspected before
binding to its position and defective brittle, rusted, used wire, shall be discarded.

5.0. PROTECTION OF REINFORCEMENT

5.1. Uncoated reinforcing steel shall be protected from rusting or chloride contamination.
Reinforcements shall be free from rust, mortar, loose mill scale, grease, oil or paints. This
may be ensured either by using reinforcement fresh from the factory or thoroughly cleaning
all reinforcement to remove rust using any suitable method such as sand blasting, mechanical
wire brushing, etc. as directed by the Engineer. Reinforcements shall be stored on bricks,
racks or platforms and above the ground in a clean and dry condition and shall be suitably
marked to facilitate inspection and identification.
5.2. Portions of uncoated reinforcing steel and dowels projecting from concrete shall be
protected within one week after initial placing of concrete with a brush coat of neat cement
mixed with water to a consistency, of thick paint. This coating shall be removed by lightly
tapping with a hammer or other tool not more than one week before placing of the adjacent

82
 pour of concrete. Coated reinforcing steel shall be protected against damage to the coating. If
the coating on the bars is damaged during transportation or handling and cannot be repaired,
the same shall be rejected.

6.0. Workmanship
6.1. The work shall consist of furnishing and placing reinforcement to the shape and dimensions
shown as on the drawings or as directed by The Engineer in charge.
6.2. Reinforcing steel shall conform accurate to the dimensions given in the bar bending
schedules shown on relevant drawing

7.0. BENDING OF REINFORCEMENT

7.1. Bar bend g schedule shall be furnished by the Contractor and got approved by the Engineer
before start of work.
7.2. Reinforcing steel shall conform to the dimensions and shapes given in the approved bar
bending Schedules.
7.3. Bars shall be bent cold to the specified shape and dimensions or directed by the Engineer
using a proper bar bender operated by hand power to obtain the correct radius of bends and shape.
Bars shall not be bent or straightened in a manner that will damage parent material or the coating
bars bent during transport or handling shall, be straightened before being used on work and shall
not be heated to facilitate straightening.

8.0. PLACING OF REINFORCEMENT

8.1. The reinforcement cage should generally be fabricated in the yard at ground level, and then
shifted and placed in position. The reinforcement shall be placed strictly, in accordance with the
drawings and shall be assembled in position, only when structure is otherwise ready for placing of
concrete. Prolonged time gap, between assembling of reinforcements and casting of concrete, which
may result in rust formation on the surface, shall not be permitted.
8.2. Reinforcement bars shall be placed accurately in position as shown on the drawings. The
bars, crossing one another shall be tied together at every intersection with binding wire (annealed),
conforming to IS:280 to make the skeleton of the reinforcement rigid such that the reinforcement
does not get displaced during placing of concrete, or any other operation. The diameter of binding
wire shall not be less than 1 mm.
8.3. Bars shall be kept in position usually by the following methods:
In case of beam an slab construction, industrially produced polymer cover blocks of thickness equal
to the specified cover shall be placed between the bars and formwork subject to Satisfactory
evidence that the polymer composition is not harmful to concrete and reinforcement. Cover blocks
made of concrete may be permitted by the Engineer, provided they have the same strength and
specification as those of the member.
8.4. In case of dowels for Columns and walls the vertical reinforcement shall be kept in position
by means of timber templates with slots in them accurately, or with cover blocks tied to the
reinforcement timber templates shall be removed after the concreting has progressed up to a level
just below their location.
8.5. Layers of reinforcements shall be separated by spacer bars at approximately One meter
intervals. The minimum diameter of spacer bars shall be 12 mm or: equal to maximum size of main
reinforcement or maximum size of coarse aggregate, whichever is greater. Horizontal reinforcement
shall not be, allowed to sag between supports.
8.6. Necessary stays, blocks, metal chairs, spacers, metal hangers supporting wires etc, or other
subsidiary, reinforcement shall be provided to fix the reinforcements firmly in its correct position.

83
8.7. Use of pebbles, broken stone, metal pipe, brick, mortar or wooden blocks etc as devices for
positioning reinforcement shall not be permitted.
8.8. Bars coated with epoxy or any other approved protective coating shall be placed on supports
that do not damage the coating. Supports shall be installed in a manner such that planes of weakness
are not created in hardened concrete. The coated reinforcing steel shall be held in place by use of
plastic or plastic coated binding wires especially manufactured for the purpose.
8.9. Placing and fixing of reinforcement shall be inspected and approved by the Engineer before
concrete is deposited.

9.0. Lapping
9.1. All reinforcement shall be furnished in full lengths as indicated on the drawing. No splicing of
bars, except where shown on the drawing; will be permitted without approval of the Engineer. The
lengths of the splice shall be as indicated on drawing or as approved by the Engineer. Where
practicable, overlapping bars shall not touch each other, and shall be kept apart by 25 mm or 1 1 1/4
times the maximum size of coarse aggregate, whichever is greater, If this is not feasible, overlapping
bars shall be bound with annealed steel binding wire, not less than 1 mm diameter and twisted tight
in such a manner as to maintain minimum clear cover to the reinforcement from the concrete
surface. Lapped splices shall be staggered or located at points, along the span where stresses are low.
10.0. Welding
10.1 Splicing by welding of reinforcement will be permitted only if detailed on the drawing or
approved by the Engineer. Weld shall develop an ultimate strength equal to or greater than that of
the bars connected.
10.2. While welding may be permitted for T.M.T. reinforcing bars conforming to IS:432, welding of
deformed bars conforming to IS: 1786 shall in general be prohibited. Welding may be permitted in
case of bars of other than S 240 grade including special. Welding grade of S 415 grade bars
conforming to IS:1786, for which necessary chemical analysis has been secured and the carbon
equivalent (CE) calculated from the chemical composition using the formula:

CE = C + Mn + Cr + Mg + V + Ni + Cu
6 5 15
is 0.4 or less.
10.3. The method of welding shall conform to IS:2751 and IS:9417 and to any supplemental
specifications to the satisfaction of the Engineer
10.4. Bars shall be bent cold to the specified shape and dimensions or as directed by Engineer in
charge using the proper bender tool, operated by hand or power to attain proper radius of bends.
Bars shall not be bend or straightened in a manner that will injure the material. Bars bent during
transport or handling shall be straightened before being used in the work. Bars shall not be heated to
facilate bending
10.5. Unless otherwise specified a 'U' type hook at the end of each bar shall invariably be provided to
main reinforcement. The radius of the bane shall not be less then twice the diameter of the round bar
and the length of the straight part of the bar beyond the end of the curve shall be at least four times
of the diameter of the round bar. In case of bars which are not round and in case of deformed bars,
the diameter shall be taken as the diameter of circle having an equivalent effective area. The hooks
shall be suitably encased to prevent any spiting of the concrete
10.6. All reinforcement bars shall be accurately placed in exact position shown on the drawings and
shall be securely held in position during placing of concrete by annealed binding wire not less than 1
mm in size and by using say blocks or metal chairs spacers, metal hangers, supporting wires or other
approved devices at sufficiently close intervals, Bars shall not be allowed to sag between supports
not displaced during concreting or any other operations of the work All devices used for positioning
shall be of not corrodible material wooden and metal supports shall not extended to the surface of

84
the concrete, except where shown in drawings. Placing bars on layers of freshly laid concrete as the
work progresses for adjusting bar spacing shall not be allowed. Pieces of broken stone or brick and
wooden blocs shall not be used Layers of bars shall be separated by spacer bars pre-cast mortar
blocks or other approved devices. Reinforcement after bending placed in position shall be
maintained in a clean condition until completely embedded in concrete, Special care shall be
exercised to prevent any displacement of reinforcement in concrete already placed. To prevent
reinforcement form corrosion, concrete cover shall be provided as indicated on drawings. All bars
protruding from concrete and to which other bars are to be sliced and which are likely to be exposed
for a period exceeding 10 days shall be protected by a thick coat of neat cement grout
10.7. Bars crossing each other where required shall be secured by binding wire (annealed) of size
not less than 1 mm in such a manner that they do not slip over at the time of fixing and concreting
As far possible bars of full length shall be used in case this is not possible, overlapping of bars
shall be done as directed by the Engineer in charge When practicable overlapping bars shall not
touch each other, but be kept apart by 25 mm Where no feasible overlapping bars shall be bound
with annealed wires not less than 1 mm thick twisted tight The overlaps shall be staggered for
different bars and located at points along the span where neither sheer not bending moments is
maximum.
10.8. Whenever indicated on drawing or desired the Engineer in charge bars shall be jointed by
coupling which shall have a cross section sufficient to transmit the full stresses of bars The end of the
bars that are jointed by coupling shall be upset for sufficient length so that the effective cross section
at the base of threads is not less than the normal cross section of the bar. Threads shall be standards
threads Steel for coupling shall conform to IS 226
10.9. When permitted or specified on the drawings joints of reinforcement bars shall butt-welded
so as to transmit their full stresses Welded joints shall preferably be located at points when steel will
not be subject to more than 75 percent of the maximum permissible stresses and welds so staggered
that at any one section not more than 20 percent of the rods are welded Only electric are welding
using a process which excludes air form the molten metal and conforms to any or other special
provisions for the work shall be accepted Suitable means shall be provided for holding bars securely
in position during welding It shall be ensured that no voids are left in welding and when welding is
done in two or three stages previous surface shall be cleaned properly Ends of bars shall be cleaned
of all loose scale rust stages paint and other foreign matter before welding Only competent welders
shall be employed on the work. The M S electrodes used for welding shall conform IS 814 Welded
pieces of reinforcement shall be tested. Specimen shall be taken form the actual site and their
number shall frequency to test shall be as directed by the Engineer in charge

11.0 MODE OF MEASUREMENTS & PAYMENT

11.1. For the purpose of payment the bar shall be measured correct up to 10 mm length and
weight payable works out at the rate specified below

Sr. Diameter of steel weight of steel Sr. No Diameter of weight of steel

No per running steel per running
meter meter
1 6 mm 0.22 Kg / Rmt 8 20 mm 2.47 Kg / Rmt
2 8 mm 0.39 Kg / Rmt 9 22 mm 2.98 Kg / Rmt
3 10 mm 0.62 Kg / Rmt 10 25 mm 3.85 Kg / Rmt
4 12 mm 0.89 Kg / Rmt 11 28 mm 4.83 Kg / Rmt
5 14 mm 1.21 Kg / Rmt 12 32 mm 6.31 Kg / Rmt
6 16 mm 1.58 Kg / Rmt 13 36 mm 7.99 Kg / Rmt
7 18 mm 2.00 Kg / Rmt 14 40mm 9.86 Kg / Rmt

11.1. Excess consumption over 5% will be charged at penal rate.

85
11.2. Reinforcement shall be measured in length including hooks, if any, separately for different
diameters as actually used in work, excluding overlaps. From the length so measured, the weight of
reinforcement shall be calculated in tonnes on the basis of IS: 1732. Wastage, overlaps, couplings,
welded joints, spacer bars, chairs, stays, hangers and annealed steel wire or other methods for
binding and placing shall not be measured and cost of these items shall be deemed to be included in
the rates for reinforcement..

11.3. The contract unit rate for coated/uncoated reinforcement shall cover the cost of material,
fabricating, transporting, storing, bending, placing, binding and fixing in position as shown on the
drawings as per these specifications and as directed by the Engineer, including all labour, equipment,
supplies, incidentals, sampling, testing and supervision.
The unit Rate for coated reinforcement shall be deemed to also include cost of all material,
labour, tools and plant, royalty, transportation and expertise required to carry out the work. The rate
shall also cover sampling, testing and supervision required for the work.

11.4. The rate shall be for a unit of one Kg.

Item No.31
Dismentalling the existing structure including removing & stacking the dismentalled
materials as and where directed.

The relevant specification of Item No. 24 shall be followed for the execution for the work is
Dismentalling the existing structure including removing & stacking the dismentalled
materials as and where directed.

The contract rate shall be for a unit of One No. of completed item.

Item No.32
Excavation for foundation in sand, gravel, clay soft soils and murrum etc. including shoring,
strutting dewatering as necessary and disposing of the excavated stuff as directed. (A) Depth
upto 3.0 M. and lead upto 100m for 10 Cum.

The relevant specification of Item No. 26 shall be followed for the execution for the work is
Excavation for foundation in sand, gravel, clay soft soils and murrum etc. including shoring,
strutting dewatering as necessary and disposing of the excavated stuff as directed. (A) Depth
upto 3.0 M. and lead upto 100m for 10 Cum.

The contract rate shall be for a unit of One Cum. of completed item.

86
Item No.33
Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-250 for RCC raft and cut off walls
including shuttering, laying, vibrating, ramming, and curing complete.

The relevant specification of Item No. 27 shall be followed for the execution for the work is
Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-250 for RCC raft and cut off walls
including shuttering, laying, vibrating, ramming, and curing complete.

The contract rate shall be for a unit of One Cum. of completed item.

Item No.34
Providing and casting in situ controlled cement concrete M - 300 for R.C.C. solid slab
including centering, scaffolding, curing & finishing comp.. (including Apoxy Painting of
Exterior Surface).

The relevant specification of Item No. 27 shall be followed for the execution for the work is
Providing and casting in situ controlled cement concrete M - 300 for R.C.C. solid slab
including centering, scaffolding, curing & finishing comp.. (including Apoxy Painting of
Exterior Surface).

The contract rate shall be for a unit of One Cum. of completed item.

Item No.35
Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-300 for average 75mm thick
wearing cost laid as directed including tamping, vibrating finishing curing and complate.

The relevant specification of Item No. 27 shall be followed for the execution for the work is
Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-300 for average 75mm thick
wearing cost laid as directed including tamping, vibrating finishing curing and complate.

The contract rate shall be for a unit of One Cum. of completed item.

Item No.36
Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-250 for kerb/kerb blocks
including formwork, curing and finishing complete.

The relevant specification of Item No. 27 shall be followed for the execution for the work is
Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-250 for kerb/kerb blocks
including formwork, curing and finishing complete.

The contract rate shall be for a unit of One Cum. of completed item.

87
Item No.37
Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-300 for approach slab including
formwork curing and finishing complete.

The relevant specification of Item No. 27 shall be followed for the execution for the work is
Providing and casting in-situ controlled cement concrete M-300 for approach slab including
formwork curing and finishing complete.

The contract rate shall be for a unit of One Cum. of completed item.

Item No.38
Providing and placing in position FE 500D bar reinforcement for following items including
cutting bending hooking and tying complete as per detailed drawing.

The relevant specification of Item No. 30 shall be followed for the execution for the work is
Providing and placing in position FE 500D bar reinforcement for following items including
cutting bending hooking and tying complete as per detailed drawing.

The contract rate shall be for a unit of One M.T. of completed item.

Item No.39
Providing and laying Weep hole in abutment and return by using PVC. pipe of 100 mm dia
including laying in proper grade and joining complete etc as per details specification.

Weep holes of 100 mm internal diametre may be provided at 1.0 metre centre to centre in
horizontal & vertical direction 100 mm diametre. P. V. C. pipe shall be provided for full width of
abutment & return. The pipe shall be provided with slope of 1 vertical to 20 horizontal
towards draining face. (slope 1 IN 20) Gigrating shall be provided on P. V. C. pipe on inner face of
Abutment & Return.
The bottom row of weep holes may be provided just 15 centimetres above the ground level
or low water level, whichever is higher.

Measurment for payment shall be per number of weep holes provided.

Unit rate includes the cost of materials labour, tools, cutting, fixing to complete the work.
The rate shall be inclusive of royalties & all taxes & tool tax.

88
 Item No.40
Providing and fixing post and pipe railing as per detailed drawing including 3 coats of
painting to steel works complete.

1. G. I. pipes shall be of light duty type. Concrete shall conform to relevant specifications of item of
concrete of ordinary grade specified in the item. For structural steel relevant specifications of item of
steel cutting edge and for mild steel, relevant specifications of item of M. S. reinforcement shall
apply.

2. The pipe railing shall consist of R. C. C. posts of required diamensions as approved by the
Engineer-in-charge or structural steel section as shown on the drawings. The structural section shall
be anchored to R. C. C. in the manner as directed by the Engineer-in-charge. Three rows of G. I. pipe, of
40 mm. diameter shall be provided. Holes of required size shall be made in the posts and the pipe shall
be fixed with necessary couplings and three coats of enamel paint shall be applied to iron work (first
coat shall be of red lead). If R. C. C. posts are used, they shall be applied 2 coats of white wash. The
posts shall be fixed at 2 m. to 2.5 m. centre to centre depending upon the span-length.

3. Railing shall be measured in running meters.

4. Unit rate includes cost of all materials, labour, tools and plant to complete the job.

Item No.41
Provding P.V.C. 100 mm diameter water spouts including necessary iron gratings as per
drawings.

1 Material for the water spout shall be as mentioned in the item and shall be got approved from the
Engineer-in-charge.
2 Water spout shall be 100 mm. dia. P.V.C. pipe shall be provided at the entry and shall be fixed
in the recess so as to be flush with the road surface. The quality and size of the grating shall be got
approved from the Engineer-in-charge. The water spouts shall project at-least 10 cm. outside the
concrete and shall be rigidly fixed in it. The grating and P.V.C. pipe shall be painted with two coats of
anticorrosive black bitumen paint.
3 Measurement shall be per number of water spout fixed.
4 Unit rate includes cost of all materials, labour and tools to complete the work.

89
Item No.42
Providing Pre-moulded asphalt filler joints as per drawings.(A) 12mm.

1 Open joints shall be constructed at the locations as directed by the Engineer-in-charge using a
wood strip, metal plate, other suitable material which is subsequently removed. When removing
the material, care shall be exercised to avoid chipping or breaking the corners of the concrete. The
edge of the concrete at the joints shall be edge finished. Reinforcement shall not extend across as
open join.
2 When performed filler is to be provided the filler shall be placed in correct position before concrete is
placed against the filler. The filler material shall form part of the joining and while concreting
the slab, care shall be taken to prevent the former from bring displaced. After the work is completed,
the exposed face of the joint shall be cleaned of all loos material sticking to it.
3 The material used for filling expansion joint shall be bitumen impregnated felt which shall
conform to the requirements of IS : 1838, and shall be got approved from the Engineer-in-charge. The
joint shall consist of large pieces an assembly of small pieces to make up the required size shall be
avoided.
4 The expansion joint shall be measured in square meters. Thickness of the expansion joint will be
20 to 25 mm. Width of the expansion joint shall be equal to full depth of the slab.

5 The rate shall include the cost of all materials, labour, equipments and other incidental
charges for fixing the joints complete in all respect as per these specifications and as shown on the
drawings.

Item No.43
Providing and laying rubble for appron (each stone weighing not less than 40 Kg.)
including packing & filling in the interestices with quarry spall.
1.0 The work shall consist of laying boulders directly on the prepared surface for
protection against scour.
2.0 The stones unused in apron shall be sound, haiti, durable & fairly regularly in shape.
Stone subject to marked deterioration by water or weather shall not be used. The
thickness and shape of apron shall be as indicated on the drawings or as directed by the
Engineer-in-charge. The surface on which the apron is to be Iad shall be leveled and
prepared for the length and width as shown on the drawings. The size of stone shall be
as possible & weight shall be as specified in the item but in no case any fragment shall
weight less than 40 kg. The specific gravity of stone shall be as high as possible and it shall
not be less than 2.50 To ensure regular and orderly disposition of the full intended quantity
of stone in the apron, template cross walls in dry masonry shall be built about a meter
wide and to the fi.ill height of the specified thickness of the apron at intervals of 30
meters and all along the length and width of the apron. Within these walls, the stone then
shall be hand- packed.
3.0 Payment shall be made on CMT basis of chatta. The materials shall have to be stacked
at site before laying. Preparation of base or laying bedding shall be deemed incidental to
the work nothing shall deducted for voids. The rate shall include cost of
materials, labour & tools to complete the job.

90
Item No.44
Providing and laying filter media 600 mm thick as directed at the back of abutments, returns
and wing walls as per detailed specification.

1 Well graded pebbled or metal of 40 mm. to 63 ,mm. size shall be used. The grading and
tolerances of metal of pebbles shall be as under :-
Sr. No. of Size Range Sieve Percentage by weight
No. designatio passing through the sieve
1 63 mm. to 40 mm. n 90 mm. 100-
63 mm. 00
90-
53 mm.
100
45 mm.
25-75
22.4 mm.
00-15
The size shall be 40 mm. to 63 mm. where in tolerance limit for over size 00-05
shall be upto 15% and that
for lower size should be upto 15% and below 20 mm. It shall be allowable upto 50%. The filter material
shall be tightly placed to a thickness of not less that 600 mm. and provided over the entire surface
behind abutments, wings or return walls to the full height.

2 Materials shall be first stacked in boxed of 2m X 1.1/s m. X 0.5 m. size on fairly level ground and
measured.
3 The measurement for payment shall be made on Sq. meter basis.
4 The unit rate includes the cost of materials, scaffolding labour and tools to complete the work.

Item No.45
Providing and filling sand behind abutments and between returns in layers as directed.

1 The sand to be used for filling shall be coarse, granular, clean, free from dust and deleterious
matters obtained from a source as approved by the Engineer-in-charge. Sand between return shall
confirm to I.S. : 383.

2 After the bottom plug has been laid and tested for leakage the level of its top shall be ascertained and
recorded and the well shall be filled with sand under water in suitable layers not exceeding 30 cm. at
a time and each layer well comacted by rodding to maximum density upto the level of the underside
of the plug as per detailed drawing or as directed by the Engineer-in-charge.
3 Sand between returns and below raft foundations shall be filled in suitable layers not exceeding 30
cms. at a time and each layer shall be well compacted.
4 Mode of measurement shall be the total cubical content (in cubic meter) of the area covered by
sand filling.

91
Item No.46
Providing Diversion of road 5.50 mt Width (having 7.0 mt Formation Width) for Structure by
Providing & spreading Earth Work, 200 mm GSB-1, 200 mm GSB-1 and 50 mm BM. The
Length of Road is Depend on site condition etc as directed by Engineer in Charge.(The
diversion shall be maintainance & Repair in all weather Season.No Any extra Payment shall
be made for maintenace & repair work of Diversion).

1 The item provides for the diversion of traffic by suitable means such as by constructing
Diversion of road 5.50 mt Width (having 7.0 mt Formation Width) for Structure by Providing &
spreading Earth Work, 200 mm GSB-1, 200 mm GSB-1 and 50 mm BM. The Length of Road is Depend
on site condition etc as directed by Engineer in Charge. (The diversion shall be maintainance & Repair
in all weather Season. No Any extra Payment shall be made for maintenace & repair work of Diversion)
as may be necessary and approved by Engineer-in-charge. The contractor shall take all
necessary proctective measures against possible erosion due to tide variations if any and maintain
the diversion in proper manner during construction. He shall not be entitled for any payment or
compensation in the event of washing of the at any time, either due to tidal waters if any or floods, or
any other reasons what ever, and the contractor shall reconstruct the same. If required at his risk
and cost. The size of the diverion shall be suich as allow without obsutruction and
inconvenience, enough working free space all around the traffic & works.

2 The contractor shall construct and maintain satiisfactorily necessary diversion works so as to safely
pass the traffic and also satisfactory meet with any sudden rise of flow due to tides, flood or any
other reason, without damaging the works.

3 The diverion shall be comletely removed and their materials shall be disposed of in the manner as
directed by the Engineer-in-charge when no longer required.

4 The measurements for paying will be in rmt is required to be made at site & instruction by
Engineer-in-charge
5 The unit cost includes all materials labour and equipment to complete the job. Diversion will
have to be construed and maintained till all operations to complete the entire works.

The contract rate shall be for a unit of One Rmt. of completed item.

Signature of Contractor

Deputy Executive Engineer Executive Engineer

R&B Sub-Division R & B Division
Bhiloda Modasa

92