Chapter 7

Values of Trigonometric Functions at Sum or Difference of

Angles

Exercise 7.1

O T IS
N A D
CO N
1. If sinA = and cosB = , where 0 < A, B < , find the values of
O UC AA
T IO
PY
the following:
(i) sin ( A + B )
(ii) cos (A + B)
ED PR

(iii) sin ( A – B )
(iv) Cos ( A – B)
©

Solution:
Given :

SinA = and cos B =

we know that cosA = 1− and sinB = 1− , where 0

1− 1−
D

we know that cosA = and sinB = , where 0

< A, B <

So let us find the value of sinA and cosB

cosA = 1−
=
=

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

sin B =

!!
1−
1−

1−
1−

1−
ED PR
D
O UC AA
N A D
O T IS
T IO
CO N
PY
(i) sin(A + B)
we know that sin (A + B) = sinA cosB + cosA sinB
So,
sin(A + B) = " +"
!
= × + ×
%
= +

O T IS
%&
=
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
=

PY
ED PR

(ii) cos( A + B )
We know that cos(A+B) = '()*'()+ − ),-*),-+
So,
cos(A+B) = " " −
©

!
= × − ×
!.
= −

=-
D
(iii) sin −
We know that sin (A-B) = sinA cosB – cosA sinB
So,
sin (A-B) = sinA cosB – cosA sinB
!
= × − ×
%
= −

O T IS
=-
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(iv) cos(A-B)
We know that cos (A-B) = cosA cosB + sinA sinB
ED PR

So,
Cos (A-B) = cosA cosB + sinA sinB
©

So,
!
= × + ×
!.
= +

=
D
2. (a) If SinA = and sin B = , where <A< and 0 < B < ,
find the following :
(i) 2 +
(ii) cos +

(b) If sinA = , cosB = - , where A and B, both lie in second

O T IS
quadrant, find the value of sin (A+B).
N A D
CO N
(b) If sin A = 3/5, cos B = –12/13, where A and B, both lie in second
quadrant, find the value of sin (A +B).
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Solution:
(a) Given:
!
< < 6 and 0 < B <
ED PR

Sin A = and sinB = , where

We know that cosA = - 1− and cosB = 1−

©

So let us find the value of cosA and cosB

cosA = - 1−

= - 1−

!!
1−
D

= -

!!
=-

=-
=-

cosB = 1−

= 1−

= 1−

O T IS
=
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=

=
ED PR

(i) sin (A + B)
we know that sin (A + B) = sinA cosB + cosA sinB
©

So,
sin(A + B) = " +"
!
= × + ×
%
= −
D

=
(i) cos +
We know that cos(A+B) = '()*'()+ − ),-*),-+
So,
cos(A+B) = " " −
!
= × − ×
!.
= − −

O T IS
=−
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(b) Given :

SinA = , cosB = , where A and B, both lie in second quadrant.

ED PR

We know that cosA = − 1− and 2 = 1−"

So let us find the value of cosA and sinB
©

cosA = − 1−

=- 1−

=- 1−
D

=-

=-
 !
=-

sin B = 1−"

= 1−

!!
= 1−

O T IS
!!
=
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
=

PY
=
ED PR

we need to find sin ( A + B)

Since, sin (A+B) = sinA cosB + cosA sinB
!
× + ×
©

=
%
= -

=
D
3. If cosA = and '()+ = , where <*< <+< , find
the following
(i) sin (A+B)
(ii) cos (A + B)
Solution:
Given:
!
and cosB = , where 6 < < < < 26

O T IS
cosA =
N A D
CO N
we know that A is in third quadrant, B is in fourth quadrant. so since
function is negative.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
By using the formulas,

sinA = − : 1 − " ; and sin B = − : 1 − " ;

ED PR

So let us find the value of sin A and sinB

sin A = − : 1 − " ;
©

!
= − 1−

<
=- 1−
D

<
=-

!
=-
<
=-
Sin B = − 1−"

=- 1−

=- 1−

=-
!

O T IS
=-
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(i) sin ( A + B)

We know that sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B

ED PR

So,

sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B

< ! !
× ×
©

= +

= +
<
=
D

=
(ii) cos +
We know that cos + =" " −
So,
cos + =" " −
! < !
= × − ×
< .
= −

O T IS
%%
=
! N A D
CO N
=-
O UC AA
T IO
PY
, where 6 < < and 0 < < , find
! !
4. If tan A = , cosB =
ED PR

tan( A + B).
Solution:
©

Given :

, where 6 < < and 0 < < ,

! !
tan A = and cosB =

we know that, A is in third quadrant, B is in first quadrant.

So, tan function And sine function are positive.

D

By using the formula,

Sin B = 1−"

Let us find the value of sin B.

sin B = 1−"

1−
!
=

.
1−
.
=

. .
.

O T IS
=

%% N A D
CO N
.
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
!%
!
=
ED PR

>?@ A
BCDA
We know, tan B =
EF
©

EG
= H
EG

!%
=

KL@ M&NOPA
So, tan + =
KL@ M NOPA

Q EF
D

&
E H
Q EF
×
=
E H

GRS
QT
= GUF
GQT
 GRS
QT
= QTVGUF
QT

GRS
QT
= VRE
QT

.<
.!
=

O T IS
<*< <+< , find
N A D
5. If sinA = , cosB = , where and

CO N
tan ( A – B).
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Solution:

Given :
ED PR

sinA = , cosB = , where < < 6 and < < 26

©

We know that, A is in second quadrant, B is in fourth quadrant.

In the second quadrant, sine function is positive, cosine and tan

functions are negative.

In the fourth quadrant, since and tan functions are negative, cosine
function is positive.

By using the formulas,

D

cosA = - 1− and sinB = - 1−"

So let us find the value of cos A and sin B

cos A = - 1−
=- 1−

1−
!
=-

!
!
=-

O T IS
!
=-
N A D
CO N
√
=-
O UC AA
T IO
PY
sin B = - 1−"

1−
ED PR

=-

!!
1−
©

=-

!!
=-

=-
D

=-

DXPM >?@ A
BCDM BCDA
we know, tan A = and tan B =
G
U
V√ Q √
tan A = =- and
U
 Y
GQ
tan B = GU
GQ

=-

KL@ M KL@ A
So, tan − =
&KL@ M KL@ A

G Y
Z GU
[
√Q

O T IS
=
G Y
Z & ×
GU
[
√Q
N A D
CO N
VGU\Y√Q
GU√Q
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Y
&
=
GU√Q

VGU\Y√Q
GU√Q
ED PR

:GU√Q\Y;
=
GU√Q

: √ ;
©

: & √ ;
=

√
6. If sinA = , cos B = , where < A < π and 0 < B < , find the
following :
(i) tan +
(ii) tan −
D

Solution:

Given:

, where < A < π and 0 < B <

√
sinA = , cos B =
We know that, A is in second quadrant, B is in first quadrant.

In the second quadrant, sine function is positive. cosine and tan

functions are negative.

In first quadrant, all functions are positive.

By using the formulas,

cosA = -√1 − and sin B = √1 −

O T IS
So let us find the value of cosA and sin B
N A D
CO N
cos A = - √1 −
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=- 1−
ED PR

=- 1−
!

!
©

!
=-

!
=-

=-
D

sin B = √1 −

=` 1−
√
 1−
!
=

!
!
=

!
=

O T IS
N A D
CO N
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
>?@ M >?@ A
BCDM BCDA
We know, tan A = and tan B =

/
ED PR

√ / √
tan A = = and

/
=
√ / √
tan B =
©

KL@ M&NOPA
NOPMNOPA
(i) tan(A+B) =

VG G
&
√Q √Q
VG G
×
=
√Q √Q
D

%
G
&Q
=

=0
 KL@ M NOPA
&NOPMNOPA
(ii) tan ( A – B ) =

VG G
Z [
√Q √Q
=
VG G
Z & × [
√Q √Q

VU
√Q
= G
Q

O T IS
VU
√Q
QVG N A D
CO N
=
Q
O UC AA
VU

T IO
PY
√Q
= U
Q

= - √3
ED PR
©

7. Evaluate the following :

(i) 78° " 18° − " 78° 18°

(ii) cos47° " 9° + " 36° sin 9°

(iii) 36° " 9° + " 36° sin 9°

(iv) " 80° " 20° + 80° 20°

D

Solution:

(i) 78° " 18° − " 78° 18°

We know that sin (A-B) = " −"

78° " 18° − " 78° 18° = sin 78 − 18 °

= sin 60°
√
=

(ii) cos47° " 9° + " 36° sin 9°

We know that " " − = cos (A+B)

O T IS
" 47° " 13° − 47° 13° = cos 47 + 13 °

= cos 60°
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=
ED PR

(iii) 36° " 9° + '() i° jkl m°

We know that sin (A+B) = " +"

©

36° " 9° + '() i° jkl m° = sin 36 + 9 °

= sin 45°

√
=
D
(iv) " 80° " 20° + 80° 20°

We know that " " + = cos (A-B)

" 80° " 20° + 80° 20° = cos 80 − 20 °

= cos 60°

O T IS
N A D !

CO N
<
8. If cosA = and cotB = , where a lies in the second quadrant and
O UC AA
T IO
PY
B in the third quadrant, find the values of the following :

(i) sin ( A + B )
ED PR

(ii) cos ( A + B)

(iii) tan ( A + B )
©

Solution:

given :
!
<
cosA = and cot B =

We know that, A lies in second quadrant, B in the third quadrant.

D

In the second quadrant sine function is positive.

In the third quadrant, both sine and cosine functions are negative.

By using the formulas,

 1−" 1−
&BCN U A
sin A = , sinB = - and cosB = -

So let us find the value of sinA and sin B

sin A = 1−"

= 1−

O T IS
!!
= 1−
N A D
CO N
!!
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=

=
ED PR

=
©

&BCN U A
sin B =

=
UE U
` & S

=-
YST
D

Z & EH [

= -
EH\YST
Z EH
[
= - TUY
EH

=- UY
S

<
=-

cosB = - 1−

O T IS
<
1− N A D
CO N
= -
O UC AA
1−
!

T IO
PY
=-

!
ED PR

=-

<
©

=-

!
=-

So, now let us find

D

(i) sin ( A + B)

We know that sin ( A + B) = sin A cosB + cosAsinB

So,

sin ( A + B) = sin A cosB + cosAsinB

 ! <
= × + ×
% .!
= +

O T IS
(ii) cos ( A + B)

We know that cos ( A + B)

N A D
CO N
= cos A + B = " " −
O UC AA
T IO
PY
! <
= × − ×

..
ED PR

= +

=
©

(iii) tan ( A + B)
>?@ M&A
We know that tan + =
pq> M&A

VQT
QUY
D

= QUQ
QUY

=-
9. Prove that :
r
'() + '() = ),- − ),-

Solution:

We know that,
<
= 105° , = 15° , = 75°

O T IS
Let us consider LHS : " 105° + " 15°
N A D
CO N
" 90° + 15° + 90° − 75°
O UC AA
=− 15° +
T IO75°

PY
= 75° − 15°
ED PR

= RHS

∴ LHS = RHS
©

Hence proved.
D
 z{l *&|}-+ jkl *&+
z{l * |}-+ jkl * +
10. Prove that : =

Solution:
z{l *&|}-+
z{l * |}-+
Let us consider LHS :

),-* ),-+
z{l *&|}-+ &
'()* '()+
z{l * |}-+
= ),-* ),-+
'()* '()+

O T IS
N A D
CO N
),-* '()+\'()*),-+
'()*'()+
),-*'()+V'()*),-+
O UC AA
=

T IO
PY
'()*'()+

we know that sin (A± ) = " ±"

>?@ M&A
ED PR

>?@ M A
=

= RHS
©

∴ •€2 = •€2

Hence proved.
D
11. Prove that :
:BCD ° &>?@ °;
= ‚ƒ 56°
:BCD ° >?@ °;
(i)

:BCD ° &>?@ ° ;
= ‚ƒ 54°
:BCD ° >?@ ° ;
(ii)

:BCD.° >?@ .° ;
= ‚ƒ 37°
:BCD.° &>?@ .° ;
(iii)

O T IS
Solution:
N A D
CO N
:BCD ° &>?@ °;
= ‚ƒ 56°
:BCD ° >?@ °;
(i)
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Let us consider LHS :
:BCD ° &>?@ °;
ED PR

:BCD ° >?@ °;

Now let us divide the numerator and denominator by " 11° we get,
©

:BCD ° &>?@ °; : &NOP °;

:BCD ° >?@ °; : NOP °;

=

: &NOP °;

: ×NOP °;
=

:KL@ ! ° &NOP °;

: KL@ ! ° ×NOP °;
=
D

KL@ M&NOPA
We know that tan + =
NOPMNOPA

So,
:KL@ ! ° &NOP °;
= = ‚ƒ 45° + 11°
: KL@ ! ° ×NOP °;
= tan 56°

= RHS

∴LHS = RHS

Hence proved.

:BCD ° &>?@ ° ;
ii = ‚ƒ 54°

O T IS
:BCD ° >?@ ° ;
N A D
CO N
Let us consider LHS :
O UC AA
T IO
PY
:BCD ° &>?@ ° ;
= ‚ƒ 54°
:BCD ° >?@ ° ;

Now let us divide the numerator and denominator by " 9° we get,

ED PR

:BCD ° &>?@ ° ; : &NOP ° ;

:BCD ° >?@ ° ; : NOP ° ;
=
©

: &NOP ° ;
: ×NOP ° ;
=

:KL@ ! ° &NOP ° ;
: KL@ ! ° ×NOP ° ;
=

KL@ M&NOPA
We know that tan + =
NOPMNOPA
D

So,
:KL@ ! ° &NOP ° ;
= = ‚ƒ 45° + 9°
: KL@ ! ° ×NOP ° ;

= tan 54°
= RHS

∴LHS = RHS

Hence proved.

:BCD.° >?@ .° ;
= ‚ƒ 37°
:BCD.° &>?@ .° ;
(iii)

O T IS
Let us consider LHS :
N A D
CO N
:BCD.° >?@ .° ;
:BCD.° &>?@ .° ;
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Now let us divide the numerator and denominator by " 8° we get,
:BCD.° >?@ .° ;
ED PR

:BCD.° &>?@ .° ;

: NOP.° ;
: &NOP.° ;
=
©

: NOP.° ;
: & ×NOP.° ;
=

:KL@ ! ° NOP.° ;
: &KL@ ! ° ×NOP.° ;
=
KL@ M&NOPA
We know that tan + =
NOPMNOPA
D

So,
:KL@ ! ° NOP.° ;
= = ‚ƒ 45° − 8°
: KL@ ! ° ×NOP.° ;

= tan 37°
= RHS
∴LHS = RHS
Hence proved.

12. Prove that:

(i) −„ " +„ +" −„ +„ =1
! !
+7 " +7 −" +7 +7 =
√
(ii)

−5 " +5 +" −5 +5 =1

O T IS
. . . .
(iii)
Solution;
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
−„ " +„ +" −„ +„ =1
T IO
PY
(i)

6 6 6 6
Let us consider LHS :
ED PR

−„ " +„ +" −„ +„
3 6 3 6
We know that sin (A +B) = sinA cosB + cosA sinB
6 6 6 6
©

−„ " +„ +" −„ +„ =
3 6 3 6
−„+ +„
&
=

= sin
D

= sin 90°
=1
= RHS
∴ •€2 = •€2
Hence proved.
 ! !
+7 " +7 −" +7 +7 =
√
(ii)
Let us consider LHS :
46 6 46 6
+7 " +7 −" +7 +7
9 9 9 9
We know that sin − = " −"
So,
46 6 46 6
+7 " +7 −" +7 +7

O T IS
9 9 9 9
!
+7− −7
N A D
CO N
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=

= sin
ED PR

= sin 60°
√
=
©

= RHS
∴ •€2 = •€2
Hence proved.

−5 " +5 +" −5 +5 =1
. . . .
(iii)
D

Let us consider LHS :

36 6 36 6
−5 " +5 +" −5 +5
8 8 8 8
We know that sin + = " +"
36 6 36 6
−5 " +5 +" −5 +5
8 8 8 8
= sin −5+ +5
. .
&
.
=
!
.
=

O T IS
=
N A D
CO N
= sin 90°
=1
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= RHS
∴ •€2 = •€2
ED PR

Hence proved.
©

:NOP ° &NOP °;
= −1
: NOP ° NOP °;
13. Prove that :

Solution:

Let us consider LHS :

:NOP ° &NOP °;
D

: NOP ° NOP °;

We know that,
NOPM&KL@ A
tan + =
NOPMNOPA
Here, A =69° and B = 66°

So,
:NOP ° &NOP °;
= ‚ƒ 69 + 66 °
: NOP ° NOP °;

= tan 135°

= - tan45°

O T IS
= -1
N A D
CO N
= RHS
O UC AA
∴ LHS = RHS
T IO
PY
Hence proved.
ED PR

i
14. (i) if tanA= and tanB = , Prove that A + B =
…
, then prove that A-B =
©

… …
(ii) if tan A = and tanB =

Solution:

!
(i) if tanA= and tanB = , Prove that A + B =
Given :
D

tanA= and tan B =

NOPM&NOPA
+ =
KL@ M NOPA
We know that, tan
Y G
& GG
= † T
Y G ‰
‡ × ˆ
T GG
 &
=

=
=1
= ‚ƒ 45° or tan
!

+
!
So, tan = tan

∴ +

O T IS
!
=

N A D
CO N
Hence proved.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
‹
(ii) Š ‚ƒ = − =
‹ ‹ !
and tanB = , then prove that
ED PR

Given:
‹
‚ƒ =
‹ ‹
and tanB =
©

We know that,
KL@ M NOPA
‚ƒ −
&NOPMNOPA
=

ΠG
ŒVG UŒVG
ΠG
& ŒVG ×UŒVG
=
D

: ‹U ‹ ‹& ;
‹U ‹ ‹& &‹
=

: ‹U ‹& ;
‹U ‹&
=

=1
= ‚ƒ 45° • ‚ƒ
!

− = ‚ƒ
!
So, tan

∴ − =
!

Hence proved.

O T IS
15. Prove that :
N A D
CO N
-2 =
√
! !
(i)
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(ii) +1 − = 2 +1
ED PR

Solution:

-2 =
√
! !
(i)
©

Let us consider LHS :

−2
!

We know that, −2 = cos + cos −

So,
D

−2 = cos + cos −
! ! !

!
= "

=
 ×
√
=

√
!
=

= RHS

∴ LHS = RHS

O T IS
Hence proved.

N A D
CO N
(ii) 2 +1 −2 = 2 +1
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Let us consider LHS :

2 +1 −2
ED PR

We know that, 2 − 2 = : + − ;

+1 ƒ Ž =
©

Here, A =

So,

2 +1 −2 = : +1 + ; : +1 − ;

= sin + + sin + −

= sin 2 + sin
D

= sin 2 + 1

= RHS

∴ LHS = RHS

Hence proved.
16. Prove that :
DXP M&A &DXP M A
= ‚ƒ
BCD M&A &BCD M A
(i)

DXP M A DXP A • DXP • M

+
BCDMBCDA BCDABCD• BCD•BCDM
(ii) + =0

>?@ M A >?@ A • >?@ • M

+ + =0
DXPMDXPA DXPADXP• DXP• DXPM
(iii)

= + − −2 " −

O T IS
(iv)

(v) " +" N A D − 2" " " + = +

CO N
KL@ M&A NOPU M NOPU A
=
O UC AA
T IO
PY
pqK M A NOPU MNOPU A
(vi)

Solution:
ED PR

DXP M&A &DXP M A

= ‚ƒ
BCD M&A &BCD M A
(i)

Let us consider LHS :

©

DXP M&A &DXP M A

BCD M&A &BCD M A

± = " ±" and " ±

" " ±
We know that sin =

DXP M&A &DXP M A

BCD M&A &BCD M A
=
D

DXPM BCDA&BCDMDXPA&DXPMBCDA BCDMDXPA

BCDMBCDA DXPMDXPA&BCDMBCDA&DXPMDXPA
=

DXPMBCDA
BCDMBCDA
=
= tanA

= RHS

∴ LHS = RHS

Hence proved.

>?@ M A >?@ A • pq> • M

+ + =0

O T IS
BCDMBCDA BCDABCD• BCD•BCDM
(ii)

N A D
CO N
Let us consider LHS
>?@ M A >?@ A • pq> • M
+ +
O UC AA
T IO
PY
BCDMBCDA BCDABCD• BCD•BCDM

We know that, sin − = " −"

ED PR

>?@ M A >?@ A • pq> • M

+ +
BCDMBCDA BCDABCD• BCD•BCDM

DXPMBCDA BCDMDXPA DXPABCD• BCDADXP• DXP•BCDM BCD•DXPM

+ +
©

BCDMBCDA BCDABCD• BCD•BCDM

=

DXPMBCDA BCDMDXPA DXPABCD• BCDADXP• DXP•BCDM BCD•DXPM

− + − −
BCDMBCDA BCDMBCDA BCDABCD• BCDABCD• BCD•BCDM BCD•BCDM
= +

= ‚ƒ − ‚ƒ + ‚ƒ − ‚ƒ + ‚ƒ − ‚ƒ

=0
D

= RHS

∴ •€2 = •€2

Hence proved.
 >?@ M A >?@ A • >?@ • M
+ + =0
DXPMDXPA DXPADXP• DXP•DXPM
(iii)

Let us consider LHS :

>?@ M A >?@ A • >?@ • M
+ +
DXPMDXPA DXPADXP• DXP•DXPM

We know that, sin (A-B) = " −"

>?@ M A >?@ A • >?@ • M
+ +
DXPMDXPA DXPADXP• DXP•DXPM

O T IS
=0

Let us consider LHS :

N A D
CO N
>?@ M A >?@ A • >?@ • M
+ +
O UC AA
DXPMDXPA DXPADXP• DXP•DXPM

T IO
PY
We know that, − = " −"
>?@ M A >?@ A • >?@ • M
+ +
ED PR

DXPMDXPA DXPADXP• DXP•DXPM

DXPMBCDA BCDMDXPA DXPABCD• BCDADXP• DXP•BCDM BCD•DXPM

+ +
DXPMDXPA DXPADXP• DXP•DXPM
=
©

DXPMBCDA BCDMDXPA DXPABCD• BCDADXP• DXP• BCDM BCD•DXPM

− + − + −
DXPMDXPA DXPMDXPA DXPADXP• DXPADXP• DXP• DXPM DXP•DXPM
=

= " ‚ −" ‚ +" ‚ −" ‚ +" ‚ −" ‚

=0
D

= RHS

∴ LHS = RHS

Hence proved.
(iv) = + − −2 " −

Let us consider RHS :

+ − −2 " −

+ − •sin − −2 " ‘

We know that, sin(A-B) = sinAcosB – cosAsinB

O T IS
So,

− −
N A D sin +

CO N
2 − +
O UC AA
T IO
PY
=
ED PR

= LHS

∴ •€2 = •€2
©

Hence proved.

(v) " + " − 2" " " + = +

Let us consider LHS:

" + " − 2" " " +

D

" +1− − 2" " " +

1 +" − − 2" " " +

We know that, " − = cos + cos −

So,

1 + cos + cos − − 2" " " +

1 + cos + •cos − − 2" " ‘

We know that, cos(A-B)= " " + .

O T IS
So,

1 + cos + •"
N A D " + − 2" " ‘

CO N
1 + cos + •−" " + ‘
O UC AA
T IO
PY
1 − cos + •" " − ‘

We know that, " + =" " − .

ED PR

So,

1−" +
©

= RHS

∴ •€2 = •€2
D

Hence proved.
17. Prove that :

(i) ‚ƒ 8„ − ‚ƒ 6„ − ‚ƒ 2„ = ‚ƒ 8„‚ƒ 6„ ‚ƒ 2„

(ii) ‚ƒ + ‚ƒ + ‚ƒ ‚ƒ =1

(iii) ‚ƒ 36° + ‚ƒ 9° + ‚ƒ 36° ‚ƒ 9° = 1

(iv) tan 13„ − ‚ƒ 9„ − tan 4„ = tan 13„ tan 9„ tan 4„

O T IS
Solution;

(i) ‚ƒ 8„ − ‚ƒ 6„ − ‚ƒ 2„ = ‚ƒ 8„‚ƒ 6„ ‚ƒ 2„
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Let us consider LHS:

‚ƒ 8„ − ‚ƒ 6„ − ‚ƒ 2„

‚ƒ 8„ = ‚ƒ 6„ + 2„
ED PR

NOPM&NOPA
We know that, ‚ƒ + =
NOPM NOPA
©

So,
NOP ’&NOP ’
tan 8„ =
NOP ’ NOP ’

By cross-multiplying we get,

‚ƒ 8„ 1 − ‚ƒ 6„‚ƒ 2„ = tan 6„ + ‚ƒ 2„
D

‚ƒ 8„ − tan 8„ tan 6„ tan 2„ = tan 6„ + tan 2„

Upon rearranging we get,

‚ƒ 8„ − ‚ƒ 6„ − ‚ƒ 2„ = tan 8„ ‚ƒ 6„ ‚ƒ 2„

= RHS
∴ LHS = RHS

Hence proved.

(ii) ‚ƒ + ‚ƒ + ‚ƒ =1

O T IS
tan

N A D
CO N
We know,

= 15° = 30°
O UC AA
T IO
PY
So, we have 15° + 30° = 45°
ED PR

‚ƒ 15° + 30° = ‚ƒ 45°

NOPM&NOPA
+ =
NOPMNOPA
We know that, tan
©

So,
:NOP ° &NOP %° ;
= =1
: NOP ° NOP %° ;

= ‚ƒ 15° + ‚ƒ 30° = 1 − ‚ƒ 15° ‚ƒ 30°

D

Upon rearraning we get,

‚ƒ 15° + ‚ƒ 30° + ‚ƒ 15° ‚ƒ 30° = 1

Hence proved.
(iii) ‚ƒ 36° + ‚ƒ 9° + ‚ƒ 36° + ‚ƒ 9° = 1

We know 36° + 9° = 45°

So we havem

tan 36° + 9° = tan 45°

NOPM&NOPA
+ =
NOPMNOPA
We know that, tan

O T IS
So,
N A D
CO N
:KL@ ° &KL@ ° ;
=1
: KL@ ° KL@ ° ;
O UC AA
T IO
PY
tan 36° + tan 9° = 1 − tan 36° tan 9°
ED PR

Upon rearraning we get,

tan 36° + tan 9° + tan 36° tan 9° =1

©

Hence proved.

(iv) ‚ƒ 13„ − ‚ƒ 9„ − ‚ƒ 4„ = ‚ƒ 13„ ‚ƒ 9„ ‚ƒ 4„

Let us consider LHS:

‚ƒ 13„ − ‚ƒ 9„ − ‚ƒ 4„
D

‚ƒ 13„ = ‚ƒ 9„ + 4„
NOPM&NOPA
We know that, ‚ƒ + =
NOPMNOPA
So,
NOP ’&NOP!’
tan 13„ =
NOP ’NOP!’

By cross-multiplying we get,

tan 13„ 1 − ‚ƒ 9„ ‚ƒ 4„ = ‚ƒ 9„ + ‚ƒ 4„

‚ƒ 13„ − tan 13„. ‚ƒ 9„. ‚ƒ 4„ = ‚ƒ 9„ + ‚ƒ 4„

O T IS
Upon rearraning we get,

‚ƒ 13„ − ‚ƒ 9„ − ‚ƒ 4„ = tan 13„. ‚ƒ 9„. ‚ƒ 4„

N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
= RHS

∴ •€2 = •€2

Hence proved.
ED PR
©
D
 Exercises 7.2

1. Find the maximum and minimum values of each of the following

trigonometrical expressions :
(i) 12 „ − 5" „
(ii) 12" „ + 5 „+4

O T IS
(iii) 5" „ + 3 −„ +4
N A D
CO N
„−" „+1
O UC AA
T IO
(iv)

PY
Solution:
We know that the maximum value of A cos “ + “+ +
+
ED PR

And the minimum value is ” − ƒ + .

©

(i) 12 „ − 5" „
Given : Š „ = 12 „ − 5" „
Here, A = -5, B = 12 and C = 0

=− 5 + 12 ≤ 12 „ − 5" „ ≤ −5 + 12
D

= - √25 + 144 ≤ 12 „ − 5" „ ≤ √25 + 144

= - √169 ≤ 12 „ − 5" „ ≤ √169
= -13 ≤ 12 „ − 5" „ ≤ 13
Hence, the maximum and minimum values of Š „ ƒ•– 13 and -13
respectively.

(ii) 12" „ + 5 „+4

Given : Š „ = 12" „ + 5 „+4
Here, = 12, = 5 and =4

4− 12 + 5 ≤ 12" „ + 5 „+4≤4+ 12 + 5

O T IS
4 - √144 + 25 ≤ 12" „ + 5
N A D „+4 ≤4+ 144 + 25

CO N
4 − √169 ≤ 12" „ + 5 „ + 4 ≤ 4 + √169
O UC AA
T IO
PY
−9 ≤ 12" „ + 5 „ + 4 ≤ 17
Hence, the maximum and minimum values of Š „ ƒ•– − 9 and 17
ED PR

respectively.

(iii) 5" „ + 3 sin −„ +4

©

Given ; Š „ = 5" „ + 3 −„ +4

We know that, sin (A-B) = " −"

Š „ = 5" „ + 3 sin −„ +4

= 5" „ + 3 sin " „−" „ +4

D

= 5" „ + " „ − „+4

√

" „ − „+4
√
=
 √
So, here A = ,B=- ,C=4

= 4 − `— + ˜ ≤ " „− „+4≤4+
√ √

`— +
√
˜

O T IS
<
= 4− ‡ ˆ+ ≤ " „− „+4≤4+
√
N A D
CO N
! !

<
‡ + ˆ
O UC AA
T IO
PY
! !
ED PR

=4−7 ≤ " „− „+4≤4+7

√

= −3 ≤ " „− „ + 4 ≤ 11
√
©

Hence, the maximum and minimum values of Š „ ƒ•– − 3 and 11

respectively.

(iv) „−" „+1

Given : Š „ = „−" „+1
D

So, here A = -1, B =1 and c = 1

1 − • −1 + 1 ‘ ≤ sin x – cos x + 1 ≤ 1 + • −1 +1 ‘

1- 1 + 1 ≤ sin x – cos x + 1 ≤ 1 + 1+1

1 − √2 ≤ sin x - " „ + 1 ≤ 1 + √2
Hence, the maximum and minimum values of Š „ are 1 − √2 and 1 +
√2 respectively.

2. Reduce each of the following expressions to the sine and Cosine

of a single expression :
(i) √3 „−" „

O T IS
(ii) " „ − „
N A D
CO N
(iii) 24 " „ + 7 „
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Solution:

(i) √3 „−" „
ED PR

Let Š „ = √3 „−" „
©

Dividing and multiplying by :√3 ; + 1 i.e. by 2

Š „ = 2 „− " „
√

Sine expression:

Š „ =2 " „− " „ ="

√
Since, and =
D

We know that, sinA cosB – cosA sinB = sin (A - B)

6
Š „ =2 „−
6
Again,
Š „ =2 „− " „
√

Cosine expression :

Š „ =2 „−" " „

We know that, cosA cosB – sinA sinB = cos(A+B)

Š „ = −2" +„

O T IS
N A D
CO N
(ii) " „ − „
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Let Š „ = " „ − „

1 +1 i.e. by √2,
ED PR

Dividing and multiplying by

Š „ = √2 " „− „
√ √
©

Sine expression ;

Š „ = √2 sin " „−" „ since,

! ! √ ! √ !
= sin and = cos

We know that " −" = sin −

Š „ = √2 sin −„
!
D

Again,

Š „ = √2 " „− „
√ √

Cosine expression:

Š „ =2 " " „− „
! !
We know that " " − = cos +

Š „ = √2 " +„
!

(iii) 24" „ + 7 „
Let Š „ = 24" „ + 7 „

24 + 7 = √625 i.e. by 25,

O T IS
Dividing and multiplying by
! <
Š „ = 25 " „+ „
N A D
CO N
sine expression:
O UC AA
T IO
PY
! <
Š „ = 25 “" „+" “ „ where, “= and " “ =

We know that sinAcosB + cosAsinB = sin (A + B)

ED PR

Š „ = 25 sin “ + „
Cosine expression:
©

! <
Š „ = 25 " “ " „ + “ „ where, cos “ = and “=

We know that " " + = cos −

Š „ = 25 cos “ − „

3. Show that Sin 100° − 2 10° is positive.

D

Solution:
Let ™ š = Sin 100° − 2 10°

Dividing and multiplying by 1 +1 i.e. by √2,

Š „ = √2 sin 100° − 10°
√ √

Š „ = √2 cos 90 + 10 ° − 10° "–, ="

! ! √ !
=
√ !
and

Š „ = √2 cos " 10° − 10°

! !

We know that " " − =" +

O T IS
Š „ = √2 " + 10°
!
N A D
∴ ™ š = √2 cos 55°

CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
4. Prove that :2√3 + 3; sin „ + 2√3 " „ lies between -:2√3 + √15;
and :2√3 + √15;.
ED PR

Solution:
Let Š „ = :2√3 + 3; sin „ + 2√3 " „
©

Here, A = 2√3 , B = 2√3 + 3 and C =0

- ‡:2√3; + :2√3 + ; ˆ ≤ :2√3 + ; ),-š + 2√3 " „ ≤

‡:2√3; + :2√3 + ; ˆ
D

- ž12 + 12 + 9 + 12 + √3Ÿ ≤ :2 √3 + 3; „ + 2√3 " „ ≤

ž12 + 12 + 9 + 12√3Ÿ
- ž33 + 12√3Ÿ ≤ :2√3 + 3; „ + 2√3 cosx ≤ :33 + 12√3;

- ž15 + 12 + 6 + 12√3Ÿ ≤ :2√3 + 3; „ + 2√3 cosx ≤

15 + 12 + 6 + 12√3
we know that :12√3 + 6 < 12√5; because the value of √5 - √3 is
more than 0.5

O T IS
So if we replace, :12√3 + 6 ¡ ‚ℎ 12√5; the above inequality still
N A D
CO N
holds.

:15 + 12 + 12 √5; we get,

O UC AA
T IO
PY
So by rearraning the above expression
2√3 + √15
-2 √3 + √15 ≤ :2√3 + 3; sin „ + 2 √3 cosx ≤ 2√3 + √15
ED PR

Hence proved.
©
D
 ©
ED PR
D
O UC AA
N A D
O T IS
T IO
CO N
PY
 ©
ED PR
D
O UC AA
N A D
O T IS
T IO
CO N
PY