AS9131D
AS9131D
Superseding AS9131C
RATIONALE
This standard has been revised in line with the five-year cycle required for International Aerospace Quality Group (IAQG)
documents. Changes have been made for alignment with current International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
vocabulary, improved clarity of wording, and differentiation of requirements versus recommendations.
FOREWORD
To assure customer satisfaction, aviation, space, and defense organizations must provide, and continually improve, safe,
reliable products and services that meet or exceed customer and applicable statutory and regulatory requirements. The
globalization of the industry, and the resulting diversity of regional and national requirements and expectations, have
complicated this objective. Organizations have the challenge of purchasing products and services from external providers
throughout the world and at all levels of the supply chain. External providers have the challenge of delivering products and
services to multiple customers having varying quality requirements and expectations.
The aviation, space, and defense industry established the IAQG for the purpose of achieving significant improvements in
quality and safety, and reductions in cost, throughout the value stream. This organization includes representation from
companies in the Americas, Asia/Pacific, and Europe.
This document standardizes requirements for nonconformity data definition and documentation for the industry. The
establishment of common requirements, for use at all levels of the supply-chain by organizations, should result in improved
quality and safety, and decreased costs, due to the elimination or reduction of organization-unique requirements and the
resultant variation inherent in these multiple expectations.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. SCOPE .......................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 Application ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 Purpose ......................................................................................................................................................... 3
2. REFERENCES.............................................................................................................................................. 3
4. REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................................................... 4
5. CODE CATALOG.......................................................................................................................................... 5
5.1 Nonconformity Process Codes ..................................................................................................................... 5
5.2 Nonconformity Cause Codes ........................................................................................................................ 5
5.3 Nonconformity Corrective Action Codes ....................................................................................................... 6
6. NOTES .......................................................................................................................................................... 8
6.1 Revision Indicator.......................................................................................................................................... 8
1. SCOPE
1.1 Application
This standard defines the common nonconformity data definition and documentation that shall be exchanged between an
internal/external supplier or sub-tier supplier, and the customer when informing about a nonconformity requiring formal
decision. The requirements are applicable, partly or totally, when reporting a product nonconformity to the owner or operator,
as user of the end item (e.g., engine, aircraft, spacecraft, helicopter), if specified by contract.
Reporting of nonconformity data, either electronically or conventionally on paper, is subject to the terms and conditions of
the contract. This also includes, where applicable, data access under export control regulations.
1.2 Purpose
The process of exchanging, coordinating, and approving nonconformity data via concession or product quality escape varies
with the multiple relationships and agreements among all parties concerned. The information provided by this standard
forms architecture for submitting and managing data that allows for concise and accurate communication using various
documented methods. The main objective of this standard is to provide the definition of a data set that can be integrated
into any form of communication (e.g., electronic data interchange, submission of conventional paper forms).
2. REFERENCES
The following documents are directly associated with the application of this standard. For dated references, only the edition
cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the document, including any amendments applies.
9100* Quality Management Systems – Requirements for Aviation, Space, and Defense Organizations
9120* Quality Management Systems – Requirements for Aviation, Space, and Defense Distributors
* As developed under the auspice of the IAQG and published by various standards bodies [e.g., AeroSpace and Defense
Industries Association – Standardization (ASD-STAN), SAE International, European Committee for Standardization
(CEN), Japanese Standards Association (JSA)/Society of Japanese Aerospace Companies (SJAC), Brazilian Association
for Technical Norms (ABNT)].
Definitions for general terms can be found in ISO 9000 and the IAQG International Dictionary (located on the IAQG website).
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply:
3.1 Concession
Documented authorization from the customer to the internal/external supplier to use or release a product which does not
conform to the specified requirements.
NOTE: Concession and product quality escape differ with respect to the point in time when a nonconformity is detected
during the product life cycle. Concession is evident before delivery to the customer, while a product quality escape
is identified after delivery to the customer.
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3.2 Customer
Common and transferable data systematically filled in and provided. If printed, this field shall be included on the printed
form.
All data fields that are not defined as mandatory by this standard. These fields may be requested by a customer or needed
by the originator for their own purposes.
3.5 Product
The definition of ISO 9000 applies. Product examples include a vehicle, engine, equipment, component, deliverable
software, or parts and materials thereof.
Any product released by an internal/external supplier or sub-tier supplier, that is subsequently determined to have one or
more nonconformities to contract and/or product specification requirements, that have not been positively dispositioned
prior to delivery.
4. REQUIREMENTS
4.1 Data related to the description of a nonconformity (i.e., content, format, size) shall be in accordance with the complete
set defined in Appendix A and the contractual requirements.
a. Mandatory data fields, identified in bold text and marked with an asterisk (*) shall be systematically recorded and
reported to the customer.
b. Optional data fields shall be recorded, when required, provided that it is not in contradiction with contractual
requirements.
NOTE 1: Any data field, whether mandatory or optional data, recorded and reported to the customer that is not applicable
shall have N/A entered in the field, prior to final approval/signature.
NOTE 2: Customers may require different optional data fields be recorded and reported. It is therefore recommended that
the Information Technology System be capable of defining optional data fields and/or inactivating data fields
based on each customer’s recording/reporting requirements. This includes the capability of the Information
Technology System to process with data types and data sizes specified in this standard.
NOTE 3: While this standard provides requirements that cover the development of forms or electronic systems, exceptions
for use of the form or system are allowed as permitted by the customer. For example, where a process batch
containing multiple part numbers is to be dispositioned together, the first part number and associated fields would
be on the form and additional part numbers and those fields could be on an attachment (see 4.3).
4.2 The entities responsible for entering and approving/acknowledging nonconformity data (in particular disposition,
category/classification of the nonconformity, and associated limitations) shall respond in accordance with the terms
and conditions of the contractual or regulatory requirements.
4.3 Attached files should be in a protected format (e.g., pdf, tif, jpg), whenever possible. Where this is not practical,
appropriate precautions shall be taken to prevent inadvertent changes to the attachments.
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4.4 Where file sizes are constrained, a file size optimization tool should be used. If file compression is not capable of
meeting file size constraints, the data exchange shall be agreed upon between both parties [e.g., via compact disk,
USB flash drive, e-mail correspondence, direct access to data system].
4.5 When the description of a nonconformity is not required in an electronic format and/or is required as a printout, it shall
be in a format similar to the example depicted in Appendix B; however, the size and order of the fields may be changed
to suit the individual application provided that:
a. The contents of the boxes specified in this standard are maintained; alternatively, a cross reference can be used.
4.6 When required, continuation/additional sheets and attachments shall include the same reference number as the
original document.
NOTE: Reference Appendix A, the data fields ‘Nonconformity Description’ (see No. 19) and ‘Disposition’ (see No. 25) may
be presented either as a summary or in a clearly defined sub-structure (see No. 19 a-i and No. 25 a-e).
4.7 The forms may be pre-printed, computer generated, or accessed via a net-based system (intranet/internet), but in all
cases, the printing of lines and characters shall be clear and legible. The details entered on the forms shall preferably
be machine/computer printed but may be handwritten as long as upper-case letters are used and the document
remains legible.
4.8 The information shall be in English, but other languages may be acceptable (e.g., bilingual: English and native) when
specified in the contract.
5. CODE CATALOG
The following codes are recommended for codifying affected processes, causes of process deviations, and corrections
made to remedy the nonconformity. If codes are defined by a contract and/or the originators already have codes defined
that satisfy their needs, these codes shall take precedence over those proposed in the following sections.
NOTE: The following codes represent a minimum selection of possible variances. In case of needing additional code
definitions (e.g., software, electronic, composites, structures), the tables can be enhanced by using the existing
structure.
A product nonconformity is typically associated with a process deviation. See Table 1 for a list of codes.
The causes of process deviations are defined in Table 2. The categorization of the list is set up to facilitate the use of
process improvement tools (e.g., cause and effect diagram). The ‘Main Term’ code can be used as the cause code, if
appropriate, or further definition may be provided.
NOTE 1: One or more cause codes may be used to define the cause(s) for a product nonconformity.
NOTE 2: The allocation of a cause code could be either apparent (preliminary/initial) or final, depending on the status of
root cause analysis. For further support, see 9136 and the SCMH (“Root Cause Analysis and Problem Solving”
chapter).
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Common corrective action codes are defined in Table 3; intended to correspond directly to the cause codes identified in
Table 2, as appropriate.
NOTE: One or more corrective action codes may be used to define the corrective action(s) taken for a product
nonconformity/cause code.
PROCESS
MAIN TERM DEFINITION / DESCRIPTION
CODE
P1 – Shipping and P11 Shipping
Transportation P12 Transportation
P13 Order Preparation
P14 Preparation of Packaging
P15 Packaging
P2 – Manufacturing P201 Assembly
P202 Test
P203 Balancing
P204 Benching
P205 Blasting
P206 Bonding
P207 Brazing
P208 Broaching
P209 Casting
P210 Cleaning
P211 Coating
P212 Composite Manufacturing
P213 Crimping
P214 Deburring
P215 Drilling
P216 Electrochemical Processing
P217 Etching
P218 Forging
P219 Forming
P220 Grinding
P221 Heat Treatment
P222 Precision Hole Making
P223 Honing and Lapping
P224 Hot Isostatic Pressing
P225 Inspection
P226 Machining
P227 Marking
P228 Melting
P229 Milling
P230 Molding
P231 Painting
P232 Peening
P233 Plating
P234 Polishing
P235 Riveting
P236 Rolling / Pressing
P237 Soldering
P238 Stamping
P239 Surface Treatment
P240 Turning
P241 Welding
P242 Additive Manufacturing
P3 – Document Preparation P31 Documentation Error
P32 Incomplete
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CAUSE
MAIN TERM DEFINITION / DESCRIPTION
CODE
C1 – Machine C11 Machine or equipment related
(Machine and C12 Fixture related
Equipment) C13 Tool related
C2 – Management C21 Training was insufficient or inadequate
(Quality Management C22 Responsibilities not defined or not understood
System, Planning, C23 Resources competencies were inadequate
Education/Training) C24 Communication issues (e.g., shift hand over between operators)
C25 Planning and controls were insufficient
C26 Instructions or requirements were insufficient or inadequate
C3 – People C31 Instruction or requirements were not followed
(Employees) C32 Wrong decision was made
C33 A reading error was made
C34 Material handling error
C35 Known defect or issue not reported or inadequately reported
C4 – Material C41 Material did not comply with specification
(Material/Product C42 Material shelf life expired
Conditions) C43 Contamination of product or raw material
C5 – Method C51 Validation of process was insufficient
(Method and C52 Manufacturing process capability was insufficient or inadequate
Processes) C53 Packaging, labelling, or identification of material was inadequate
C54 Design process was inadequate (e.g., design standards)
C55 Procedure/work instruction is not clear; contains errors or is missing
C6 – Environment C61 Natural disaster (e.g., earthquake, flood)
(Temperature, C62 Information technology system failure
Electricity, External C63 Fire or power outage
Influence) C64 Unpredictable event (e.g., theft, sabotage)
C65 Environmental conditions were inadequate (e.g., climate)
C66 Lighting conditions were inadequate
C67 Ergonomic conditions were poor (e.g., unsuitable equipment set-up)
C7 – Measurement C71 Inspection tool inadequate (e.g., insufficient accuracy)
(Equipment and C72 Uncalibrated inspection tool used
Control of C73 Calibration error
Parameters) C74 Instruments, displays, or controls were inadequate
C75 Transcription error while recording result
C76 Verification method (i.e., inspection, sampling) was inadequate
C77 Inspection criteria was inappropriate or unclear
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CORRECTIVE
MAIN TERM DEFINITION / DESCRIPTION
ACTION CODE
A1 – Machine A11 Machine or equipment corrected
A12 Fixture corrected
A13 Tool corrected
A2 – Management A21 Training provided
A22 Responsibilities defined and communicated
A23 Appropriate resources provided
A24 Communication improved
A25 Planning and controls improved
A26 Instructions and requirements corrected
A3 – People A31 Training performed
A32 Instructions or requirements updated and highlighted to staff
A33 Handling process and instructions improved
A34 No action
A4 – Material A41 Material ordering process and rules reviewed
A42 Life limited product related processes and rules updated/applied
A5 – Method A51 Process validation improved
A52 Process capability reviewed and improvement implemented
A53 Packing labelling and identification process and rules corrected
A54 Design process improved
A55 Procedure/work instruction corrected or newly issued
A6 – Environment A61 No action
A62 Information technology system improved
A63 Environmental conditions improved
A64 Lighting improved
A65 Ergonomic conditions improved
A7 – Measurement A71 Inspection tool corrected
A72 Inspection tool calibrated
A73 Instruments, displays, and controls corrected
A74 Verification methods improved
A75 Inspection criteria and process corrected
6. NOTES
A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not
editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title
indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original
publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only.
APPENDIX A - LIST OF NONCONFORMITY DOCUMENTATION DATA (mandatory data fields bolded with *)
DOCUMENT IDENTIFICATION
Unique reference number assigned Alpha- 4 minimum In accordance with contractual
1 Document Ref. No. * Numerals/letters
by the originator numeric 20 maximum requirements
Alpha- 2 minimum
13 Dwg. No. / Issue Drawing number and issue Supplier Code
numeric 50 maximum
Lowest Line Replaceable Unit
Alpha-
14 LRU or Sub-assembly Name / Ref. (LRU) or sub-assembly containing Number or name 50 maximum
numeric
the nonconforming part
Lowest LRU or sub-assembly serial Alpha- 1 minimum
15 LRU or Sub-assembly S/N Customer Code
number numeric 50 maximum
Highest assembly part S/N (e.g., Alpha- 1 minimum
16 Final Product Manufacturer S/N Numerals/letters
engine, aircraft, spacecraft) numeric 25 maximum
Product engineering classification Alpha- 1 minimum In accordance with contractual
17 Product Category Numerals/letters
(production, development/test) numeric 8 maximum requirements
Alpha- 2 minimum
19h Actual Condition Dimension plus unit Numerals/letters
numeric 22 maximum
Value in relation to the specified Alpha- 2 minimum
19i Over Max. / Under Min. Numerals/letters
value numeric 10 maximum
Yes / No or number of pages/files Alpha- 2 minimum Requirements defined in clause
20 Attachment Numerals/letters
(e.g., sketch, calculation note) numeric 20 maximum 4 of standard
6 minimum
28b Date * Date of approval Numerals/letters Date Information technology specific
10 maximum
Corporate 1 Document Ref. No. * 2 Customer Ref. No. 3 Customer’s Company 4 Revision/ 5 Page of
Issue * Pages *
Logo
(optional)
10 NC 11 Order 12 Work/Purchase/Order No. 13 Dwg. No. / Issue 14 LRU or Sub-assembly Name/Ref. 15 LRU or Sub-assembly S/N 16 Final Product 17 Product 18 ATA
Qty. * Qty. Manufacturer S/N Category Chapter
19 Nonconformity Description* 19a Document Reference 19b Index 19c Previous Dispositions
19d Zone 19e KC 19f Char. Item No. 19g Specified Requirement 20 Attachment
25 Disposition *
25a NC Category 25b Limitation 25c Limitation Description 25d Parts Marking
Yes None
25e Additional Comments
Name/Function or Dept./Date /Sign.* Name/Function or Dept./Date /Sign. Name/Function or Dept./Date /Sign. Name/Function or Dept./Date /Sign.
Unit Number(s)
Name/Function or Dept./Date /Sign.* Name/Function or Dept./Date /Sign. Name/Function or Dept./Date /Sign. Name/Function or Dept./Date /Sign.
33 Distribution 34 Date