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Zahra Mahmood - Kami Export - Zahra Mahmood - iGCSE - Chem - Worksheet 23 - Crude Oil

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38 views3 pages

Zahra Mahmood - Kami Export - Zahra Mahmood - iGCSE - Chem - Worksheet 23 - Crude Oil

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Chapter 23: Crude oil

A mixture

1. Use the words in the box to complete the gaps below. Use each word only once.

Missing words: boiling, column, condense, cooler, distillation, fossil, fractional, fractions, gases,
high, low, lower, separated

Crude oil is a type of _____________fuel. It is not very useful on its own but it can be

_______________ into the different compounds that make it up using a process called

fractional _______________. As the different substances that make up crude oil have

different ____________ points a _______________ distillation column can be used.

Fractions that have ____________ boiling points will remain as liquids _____________ down

the column. Fractions with _____________ boiling points will remain as ______________

until they are high up in the column where it is much _____________. Here the gases will

cool down and ________________ into liquids. The different ________________ of crude oil

can be removed from different parts of the _______________. [13]

Fractions of crude oil

2. Complete the table on the fractions of crude oil below.

Name of fraction Formula Main uses

Refinery gases

Gasoline

Kerosene

Diesel

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Fuel oil

Bitumen

[12]

3. Write balanced symbol equations for the combustion of the following fuels.

a. Methane (CH4)

b. Pentane (C5H12)

c. Decane (C10H22)

[6]

Acid rain

4. Acid rain is an increasing environmental problem all over the world. Use your knowledge
to explain why burning the fractions of crude oil contributes to acid rain.
_________________________________________________________________________
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[4]

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5. In the space below draw a labelled diagram to show apparatus that could be used in the
laboratory to show that burning methane produces carbon dioxide and water.

[7]

Cracking

6. Long chain hydrocarbons are less valuable than short chain hydrocarbons. The process of
cracking enables long chains to be split into short chains. For each example below write
the formula for the other molecule produced after cracking. The first one has been done
for you.

a. C11H24 -> C2H4 + C9H20

b. C14H30 -> 2C2H4 +

c. C14H30 -> 2C2H4 + C3H6 +

d. C14H30 -> 2C3H6 +

[3]

© Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

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