Challenges in Information, Communication and Computing Technology – V. Sharmila et al.

(Eds)
© 2025 The Author(s), London, 978-1-032-90166-4
Open Access: www.taylorandfrancis.com, CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license

Development of smart baby cradle system using IoT

Singaram M., Nithya S., Anirudh J., Athish C.B., Arun Karuppiah R. & Gokul Prasath S.
Department of ECE, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

ABSTRACT: This paper describes the conception, creation, and deployment of a Smart
Baby Cradle System with the goal of improving baby observation and alerting caregivers.
The system monitors vital signs like temperature, humidity, sound by integrating a number
of sensors and microcontrollers. When anomalies are found, real-time data processing and
analysis allow caregivers to receive instant notifications through a mobile application. The
system’s hardware, data processing algorithms, alarm systems, and user interface design are
all covered in this study. The outcomes of the experiments show how safe and dependable
the Smart Baby Cradle System is for guaranteeing the security and welfare of new-borns.

Keywords: Baby observation, alarm systems, safe, security, real-time data, instant
notifications

1 INTRODUCTION

For caretakers, protecting the health and safety of infants comes first, especially when they
are sleeping or resting. Conventional baby monitoring techniques frequently lack the
sophistication and real-time capabilities required to deliver all-encompassing care. We pre-
sent the creation and application of a unique Smart Baby Cradle System as our solution to
this problem. This system creates a strong platform for monitoring infants and notifying
caretakers of any irregularities by integrating cutting-edge sensor technologies, real-time
data processing algorithms, and caregiver notification systems. The Smart Baby Cradle
System seeks to transform baby care by utilizing the most recent developments in sensor
integration and data analysis. This will provide parents peace of mind and give babies a
secure and cozy space to relax and sleep.

2 LITERATURE SURVEY

Joseph A.; Gautham J; A Kumar and M K Harish Babu, they suggested creating an Internet
of Things-based Smart Baby Cradle system with sound, temperature, and gas sensors,
among other sensors, along with a camera for live video monitoring. This system allows
parents to remotely monitor and analyze their infant’s activities, ensuring their safety and
well-being from any location worldwide. The integration of IoT technologies and sensor
modules enables real-time data collection and analysis to provide comprehensive infant care
and protection. [1] Atul V Karanjkar; Rajeshwar Kumawat; they proposed an automated
baby cradle system utilizing IoT technology for effective baby monitoring, featuring sensors
for cry detection, mattress condition, and body temperature, controlled via a mobile appli-
cation. Automation in the cradle aims to alleviate the burden on busy parents, allowing
remote monitoring and care for their babies while balancing professional responsibilities [9].
S. Durga, S. Itnal, K. Soujanya, C. Z. Basha and C. Saxena, they proposed an IoT-based
Smart Cradle system equipped with NodeMCU and sensors to monitor parameters such as
crying, moisture, and ambient temperature, with automatic swinging functionality triggered

DOI: 10.1201/9781003559085-13 71
This chapter has been made available under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license
by the baby’s cries. Additionally, an external webcam enables continuous parental mon-
itoring. [2] R. Sonia, S. M. Jayadeva, S. D. P. Ragavendiran, R. N, J. Arumugam and S. S.
Kumar, they proposed an IoT-based Smart Cradle for neonatal monitoring, featuring input
elements such as temperature, sound, and moisture sensors, controlled by a NodeMCU
module and integrated with cloud storage for data analysis and parental notifications. This
solution aims to address the challenges faced by working mothers in balancing childcare
responsibilities with professional commitments. [10]. H. Chauhan, D. Gupta, S. Gupta and
M. J. Haque they proposed a Smart system integrating IoT and Blockchain technologies to
enhance infant monitoring in healthcare baby wards. This system aims to improve security
measures and enable features such as alarm systems and real-time monitoring, reducing the
burden on parents and healthcare staff. [3] Mahesh Kaluti, Kavana D, Nirbhay S URS,
Sahana H, Harshitha K, they proposed an IoT and ML-based baby monitoring system
integrated into a smart cradle structure, tracking room temperature, humidity, and baby’s
sound to automate swinging and fan operation, with emotion recognition and data storage
on private cloud servers. This aims to address challenges in baby care faced by working
families by providing real-time monitoring and automated responses. [11]
Varsha P Hotur; Adi Thejas N. R; Abhishek P; Chethan R; Adithya Bhatta B they pro-
posed an IoT-based Baby Monitoring System integrated into a Smart Cradle, featuring
features such as online streaming via camera, MP3 player for soothing music, and tem-
perature and bed wet sensors embedded into an ESP32 microcontroller platform. The system
utilizes high-speed internet for seamless IoT platform usage and sends SMS notifications via
GSM to alert parents of any issues detected with the infant. [4] Santaji Krishna Shinde; J.
Frank Vijay; S. Gomathi Meena; H. Roopa; S. J. Suji Prasad; S. Ramesh, they proposed an
IoT-based Smart Cradle System with an intruder alert feature to enable constant monitoring
and care for infants, aiming to prevent incidents such as the tragic case of an infant’s death
allegedly due to rat bites in a hospital neonatal unit. This innovative system ensures parents
can remotely monitor their babies’ well-being and safety, addressing concerns of inadequate
infant supervision in healthcare facilities and at home. [12]
H. M. Ishtiaq Salehin, Q. R. Anjum Joy, F. T. Zuhra Aparna, A. T. Ridwan and R.
Khan, they proposed an IoT-based Smart System for monitoring babies featuring automatic
swinging of the cradle, detecting the sound of baby crying, lullaby playback, and diaper
moisture detection, with notifications sent to parents via mobile calls and text messages.
Additionally, the system incorporates face recognition technology using a Raspberry Pi 4
equipped with a Pi camera for live-streaming and real-time supervision of the baby via a
webpage. [5] S. S. S. Susarla, S. R. Sadaf, S. K. Harshitha and N. Vijapur, they proposed an
IoT and embedded-based smart baby cradle equipped with sensors, microcontrollers, and
motors to provide gentle motion, wetness detection, and alert systems for parents, aiming to
enhance infant care and parental convenience. By automating the cradle’s motion for
soothing and incorporating moisture-detection and sound detecting systems, the cradle cre-
ates a protective environment for babies while providing relief to parents. [13]
V. Suresh Kumar; Lokaiah Pullagura; Nalli Vinaya Kumari; S. Pooja Nayak; B. Padmini
Devi; Adnan Alharbi, and Simon Atuah Asakipaam, they proposed a smart cradle equipped
with video monitoring capabilities triggered by an infant’s cry, automated swinging func-
tionality, and alerts sent to parents via text message in case of prolonged crying or wet
mattress. Additionally, the system features an automatic spinning toy for entertainment,
catering to the needs of working parents seeking reliable infant care solutions. [6] A.
Zhumabekova, N. Marat, N. Sagynbayev and M. H. Ali, they proposed the design and
development of a smart electronic cradle, named “Baby NO CRY,” which incorporates
features to alter swing intensity and play lullabies based on the baby’s cry amplitude, aiming
to soothe and calm the baby effectively. By integrating a sound analyzing system to detect
the infant’s cry and adjusting swing intensity and lullaby volume accordingly, the cradle
provides instant calming and restful sleep for infants, enabling parents to attend to other
tasks without direct interaction. [14]

72
 Sahil Lunawat; Aditya Adhduk; Vinaya Sawant; Ritik Sanghvi, “Smart Baby Cradle for
Infant Soothing and Monitoring”,they proposed a smart cradle system equipped with a
microcontroller for data collection, a mobile app for remote control and monitoring, and a cry
detection module based on a neural network model. Utilizing servers of Amazon Web Services,
the system offers advanced security features and high efficiency in assisting parents with new-
born care. [7] Mohammed Najeebulla A; Najiya M P; Reema P; Ismail P K; Nidha K M;
Mohammed Zahid K ,they proposed a Smart Baby Cradle System integrating IoT and machine
learning for baby monitoring, featuring online streaming via camera, facial emotion recognition
through image processing, and alerts for wet mattress or crying conditions. Embedded sensors,
including a sensor for monitoring wetness of the bed and LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)
sensor, enhance the functionality of the system, which can be controlled via a mobile app. [8]

3 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

The Arduino Nano, which serves as the system’s brain, is the first component in the Smart
Baby Cradle System project’s methodology. It is externally positioned for ease of access and is
in charge of taking commands from a variety of inputs and processing and carrying them out.
Because of its flexible programming features, many components can be integrated with ease,
promoting effective coordination and communication within the system. Furthermore, the
Arduino Nano’s flexibility enables customization based on the needs and tastes of each unique
user. The Arduino Nano serves as a mediator between components, enabling communication
between the cradle and other systems or devices. It regulates the servo motor, which modifies
the inclination of the cradle to provide the baby with the most comfort possible. In order to
keep an eye on the baby’s health, sensors are essential. The DHT11 temperature and humidity
sensor keeps track of the sleeping environment, while the moisture sensor finds damp diapers.
The sound sensor listens for the baby’s screams. It is crucial to have flexibility and
responsiveness, which is accomplished by discretely integrating flex sensors that sense the
baby’s motions inside the cradle. These sensors provide the Arduino Nano with real-time
data, giving it insights into the baby’s activities and enabling adaptable reactions. By uti-
lizing this feedback loop, the device permits customization according to specific needs while
guaranteeing the baby’s safety and comfort. Through a smartphone app, caregivers may
watch patients remotely and ensure timely intervention when needed. Real-time notifications
are sent to them. The system promotes independence and enhances the overall caring
experience by accommodating caregivers with varying backgrounds and skills through its
inclusive design and user-friendly interface. The Smart Baby Cradle System is a compre-
hensive solution that effectively addresses the needs of both infants and caregivers,
improving the quality of infant care via the painstaking integration of its components and
functionalities. Block Diagram of Smart Baby Cradle System is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Block diagram of smart baby cradle system.

The ESP8266 serves as the central hub, connecting various components in the system. It is
linked to a power supply, ensuring uninterrupted operation. The sound sensor and moisture
sensor provide real-time data on the baby’s environment, detecting sound and wetness levels,

73
respectively. The DHT-11 sensor surveils humidity and temperature conditions. A speaker is
integrated to play soothing sounds or alerts as necessary. The DC motor controls the
swinging motion of the cradle, promoting baby comfort. A relay facilitates the automated
operation of the system. Additionally, an ESP32 camera enables live video streaming for
remote monitoring of the baby’s activities. Together, these components form a comprehen-
sive smart baby cradle system, ensuring optimal care and monitoring of infants.

4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION

The Smart Baby Cradle System’s ability to track an infant’s vitals and send carers real-time
notifications was proven during experimental testing. When anomalies like elevated tempera-
tures, low humidity, or obstructions in front of the cradle are identified by the system, carers are
promptly notified. The baby’s vitals inside the cradle were precisely sensed by the sensors,
allowing for responsive actions that guaranteed the infant’s security and comfort. In response to
sensor inputs, the motor changed the cradle’s angle of inclination, putting the infant in the best
possible position for rest. Additionally, the mobile app allowed for remote monitoring and
intervention. Overall, it was shown that the Smart Baby Cradle System has the ability to
improve carer response and newborn monitoring techniques, which will benefit infant safety
and well-being in childcare environments. To maximize the system’s functionality and perfor-
mance in practical applications, more testing and validation via larger-scale research and user
input is necessary. Prototype and user interface of the app are shown in the Figures 2 and 3.

Figure 2. Prototype.

Figure 3. User interface of the app.

The prototype portrays the sensors like sound sensor which is connected to a speaker,
moisture sensor, DHT-11 sensor. The camera is mounted on the top of the cradle to get the
baby’s view. The DC motor swings the cradle as per the need of the caretaker. This system is
connected over the Wifi to enable remote interactions. The UI of the app is made simple to
interact with and displays every detail specified. As per the insights gained through the
sensors, we can control the system to act in favour of the baby.

5 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

In conclusion, the “Smart Baby Cradle System” offers a complete solution for keeping an
eye on babies and giving caregivers real-time alerts. The system successfully optimizes infant

74
monitoring practices and improves caregiver response by integrating modern sensor tech-
nologies, real-time data processing algorithms, and caregiver notification systems. Infant
safety and wellbeing at daycare facilities are guaranteed by the system’s adaptive reflexes
and capacity to identify anomalies like temperature swings, humidity levels, and obstruc-
tions in front of the cradle. Furthermore, the system’s inclusive design and user-friendly
interface support caregivers with varying backgrounds and skill levels, promoting freedom
and enhancing the overall experience of providing care. Even with these developments, more
study and research are required to maximize the system’s functionality and performance in
practical applications. Future iterations of the Smart Baby Cradle System have the potential
to greatly alter infant care practices and enhance outcomes for both infants and caregivers by
utilizing emerging technologies like AI and taking user feedback into account.

REFERENCES

[1] Joseph S., Gautham A. J., Kumar A. and Harish Babu M. K. (2021). IOT based baby monitoring
system smart cradle. 7th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems
(ICACCS). pp. 748–751. Coimbatore, India.
[2] Durga S., Itnal S., Soujanya K., Basha C. Z. and Saxena C. (2021). Advanced and effective baby care
monitoring Smart cradle system using Internet of Things. 2nd International Conference on Smart
Electronics and Communication (ICOSEC). pp. 35–42. Trichy, India.
[3] Chauhan H., Gupta D., Gupta S. and Haque M. J. (2021). A smart cradle system to monitor infants for
healthcare baby wards based on IoT and blockchain. 3rd International Conference on Advances in
Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICAC3N). pp. 606–609, Greater Noida, India.
[4] Hotur V. P., A. T. N. R, A. P, C. R and A. B. B. (2021). Internet of Things-based baby monitoring
system for smart cradle. International Conference on Design Innovations for 3Cs Compute
Communicate Control (ICDI3C). pp. 265–270. Bangalore, India.
[5] Ishtiaq Salehin H. M., Anjum Joy Q. R., Zuhra Aparna F. T., Ridwan A. T. and Khan R. (2021).
Development of an IoT based smart baby monitoring system with face recognition. IEEE World AI IoT
Congress (AIIoT). pp. 0292–0296. Seattle, WA, USA.
[6] Suresh Kumar V., Lokaiah Pullagura, Nalli Vinaya Kumari, Pooja Nayak S., Padmini Devi B., Adnan
Alharbi, Simon Atuah Asakipaam. (2022). Internet of Things-based patient cradle system with an
android app for baby monitoring with machine learning. Wireless Communications and Mobile
Computing. 1530–8669,
[7] Lunawat, S., Adhduk, A., Sawant, V. and Sanghvi, R., (2023). Smart Baby Cradle for Infant Soothing
and Monitoring. Practical Data Mining Techniques and Applications (pp. 147–162).
[8] M. N. A, N. M P, R. P, I. P K, N. K M and M. Z. K. (2022). Smart Baby Cradle System: based on
Internet of Things and image processing. International Conference on Augmented Intelligence and
Sustainable Systems (ICAISS). pp. 1–5. Trichy, India
[9] Karanjkar, A. V. and Kumawat, R., (2022). Design of a smart baby cradle using Blynk and local
customer priorities. SAMRIDDHI: A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology. 14(02).
pp. 159–165.
[10] Sonia R., Jayadeva S. M., (2022). Ragavendiran S. D. P., R. N, Arumugam J. and Kumar S. S. IoT
based smart cradle for neonatal monitoring. 6th International Conference on Electronics,
Communication and Aerospace Technology. pp. 432–437. Coimbatore, India.
[11] Kaluti, M., Nirbhay, S.U., Kavana, D., Sahana, H. and Harshitha, K. (2023). Smart monitoring sys-
tem for baby. Grenze International Journal of Engineering & Technology (GIJET). pp. 872–877.
[12] Levy M., Bhiwapurkar D., Viswanathan G., K. S, and Yadav P. K. (2019). Smart cradle for baby using
FN-M16P module. pices. pp. 252–254.
[13] Santaji Krishna Shinde, Frank Vijay J., Gomathi Meena S., Roopa H., Suji Prasad S. J., Ramesh S.
(2023). IoT based smart intruder system for baby monitoring. AIP Conf. Proc. 24; 2690 (1): 020041.
[14] Susarla S. S. S., Sadaf S. R., Harshitha S. K. and Vijapur N. (2023). IOT and Embedded based smart
baby cradle. International Conference on the Confluence of Advancements in Robotics, Vision and
Interdisciplinary Technology Management (IC-RVITM). pp. 1–5. Bangalore, India
[15] Zhumabekova A., Marat N., Sagynbayev N. and Ali M. H. (2023). Design and development of a smart
“Baby NO CRY” cradle. 10th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering
(ICEEE), pp. 439–443. Istanbul, Turkiye.

75