Ordinary Differential Equations Second Course Babylon University 2015-2016

Particular Solution for Nonhomogeneous Differential Equations –Operator D Method ;

The nonhomogeneous diff. eq. with form by operator D ;

( ) ( )

So the particular solution for this eq. ;

( )
( )

Where

( )

Or ( ) ( )

The theorems on operator D can be used as rules where is differentiable function ,and b is constant then ;

1. ( ) ( )
2. ( ) ( )
3. ( ) ( )
4. ( ) ( )

To find the particular solution for nonhomogeneous eq. by these theorems ,then there are five cases;

Case 1: If ( ) then ;

1. If ( ) then the particular solution for eq.; ( ) is ;

….(1)
( ) ( )

Example 1: Solve the differential equation

The characteristic eq. for homogeneous eq. is ( )( )

the complementary function is ( )

since ( )

( )

and the particular solution is; ( )

then the general solution is ;

2. If ( ) that is mean ( ) has factor from type ( ) , where r is positive integer

then the particular solution for eq. is;

( )
……(2)

Where ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
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Ordinary Differential Equations Second Course Babylon University 2015-2016
Note : If ( ) , Factories ( ) into its factors ,and then use (1) on the factor that don't equal

zero, and then use (2) .

Example 2: Solve the differential equation

The characteristic eq. for homogeneous eq. is ( )( )

the complementary function is ( √ √ )

and the particular solution is; ( )( )

( )

( )
=

then the general solution is ; ( √ √ )

Case 2: If ( ) , or ( ) there are two ways ;

1. First Way ;Put ,and then find particular solution for as in

case1 ,
and then find particular solution for as a real part for particular solution for
and then find particular solution for as an imaginary part for .
2. Second Way; By rule 3 put ( ) ( ) and on( ) ( ) in ( ) as;

Example 3: Solve the differential equation

The characteristic eq. for homogeneous eq. is and,

the complementary function is

and the particular solution is; ( ) ( )

then the general solution is ;

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Ordinary Differential Equations Second Course Babylon University 2015-2016
Example 4: Solve the differential equation

The characteristic eq. for homogeneous eq. is ( ) ,and

the complementary function is )

the particular solution can't founded in previous way since ; ( )

then ( )

find the real part for particular solution for exponential function as;

( )( )

( ) ( )

( )

( )

( )

the real part for particular solution is ;

so the particular solution is;

then the general solution is ;

Case 3: If ( ) is polynomial ,to find the particular solution for eq. ( ) , where m is

positive integer , write as power for D has ;

( )

for example if ( )

( ) ( )

Since then the particular solution is ;

( )
( )

( )

Example 5: Solve the differential equation

The characteristic eq. is ,and

the complementary function is

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Ordinary Differential Equations Second Course Babylon University 2015-2016
and the particular solution is

( )

( ( ) )

( )

Then the general solution is ;

Case 4:If ( ) ( ) where ( ) ,from functions ,cos bx ,sin bx then the particular solution;

( )
( )= ( )
( )

Example 6: Solve the differential equation ( )

The characteristic eq. is ,and

the complementary function is ( )

and the particular solution is

( ) ( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

Then the general solution is ;

( )

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Ordinary Differential Equations Second Course Babylon University 2015-2016
Case 5:If ( ) ( ) ,where ( ) is functions cos ax ,sin ax then to find the particular solution see

this example;

Example 7: Solve the differential equation ( )

The characteristic eq. is ,and

the complementary function is ( )

and the particular solution is

which is an imaginary part for particular solution

( )

( )
( )

( )

( )

( )( )

Then the particular solution for the eq. is;

( )

and the general solution for the eq. is;

( )