MA143 Class Examples Unit-2
MA143 Class Examples Unit-2
1 1 1 1 1 1
+ 3⋅5 + 5⋅7 + 7⋅9 + ⋯ + (2n−1)⋅(2n+1) + ⋯ C.W.
1⋅3
Answer: convergent.
2 1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 𝑛 + ⋯ C.W.
Answer: divergent.
3 1 + 4 + 9 + 16 + ⋯ C.W.
Answer: divergent.
4 3 3 2 3 3
1 + 4 + (4) + (4) + ⋯ C.W.
Answer: convergent.
1 1
Prove that the series ∑∞
n=1 n ⋅ sin n is divergent. C.W.
1 1
∑∞
𝑛=1 . C.W.
2𝑛−1
Answer: convergent.
2 9 𝑛
∑∞
𝑛=0 (8) . C.W.
Answer: divergent.
3 5𝑛 −1
∑∞
𝑛=1 . C.W.
6𝑛
1
Academic Year: 2022-2023
Answer: convergent.
4 The water treatment plant removes one mth of the impurity in the first stage. In each
succeeding stage, the amount of impurity removed is one-mth of the removed in the
preceding stage. Show that if 𝑚 = 2, the water can be made as pure as you like, but
if 𝑚 = 3, at least one-half of the impurity will remain no matter how many stages are
used. C.W.
1 1 3
∑∞
𝑛=1 (𝑛) . C.W.
Answer: convergent.
2 ∑∞
𝑛=1 √𝑛. C.W.
Answer: divergent.
1 1 3 5
+ 2.3.4 + 3.4.5 + ⋯ . C.W.
1.2.3
Answer: convergent.
2 ∑∞ 3 3
𝑛=1(√𝑛 + 1 − √𝑛 ). C.W.
Answer: convergent.
3 2 3 4
+ 2𝑝 + 3𝑝 + ⋯ C.W.
1𝑝
4 1 1 1
+ 4.6 + 6.8 + ⋯ . H.W.
2.4
Answer: convergent.
5 2 3 4 𝑛+1
+4+ 9 +⋯+ + … . H.W.
1 𝑛2
Answer: divergent.
2
Academic Year: 2022-2023
1 𝑛2 +1
∑∞
𝑛=1 . C.W.
5𝑛
Answer: convergent.
2 3𝑛 𝑛!
∑∞
𝑛=1 . C.W.
𝑛𝑛
Answer: divergent.
3 1 2! 3!
+ 102 + 103 + ⋯ . C.W.
10
Answer: divergent.
4 𝑛⋅2𝑛 (𝑛+1)!
∑∞
𝑛=1 . H.W.
3𝑛 𝑛!
Answer: convergent.
𝑛
5 ∑∞
𝑛=1 . H.W.
𝑒 −𝑛
Answer: divergent.
1 1
∑∞
𝑛=1 2 . C.W.
1 𝑛
(1+ )
𝑛
Answer: convergent.
2 log 𝑛 𝑛
∑∞
𝑛=1 ( ) . C.W.
1000
Answer: divergent.
3 𝑛10
∑∞
𝑛=1 . H.W.
10𝑛
Answer: convergent.
4 𝑛 𝑛2
∑( ) . H.W.
𝑛+1
Answer: convergent.
5 −1 −2 −3
22 2 33 3 44 4
(12 − 1) + (23 − 2) + (34 − 3) + ⋯ . H.W.
Answer: convergent.
3
Academic Year: 2022-2023
1 1 1 1
Show that the series 23 − (1 + 2) 33 + (1 + 2 + 3) 43 − ⋯ is convergent. C.W.
2 ∑∞
𝑛=1 (−1)
𝑛+1
(√𝑛 + 1 − √𝑛) . C.W.
Answer: convergent.
3 1 1 1
1 − 2! + 3! − 4! + … . H.W.
Answer: convergent.
4
Academic Year: 2022-2023
𝑧1
7 Given that 𝑧1 = 1 − 2𝑖, 𝑧2 = −3 + 4𝑖. Find , and express it in the form 𝑎 + 𝑖𝑏.
𝑧2
C.W.
𝑧 −11+2𝑖
Answer: 𝑧1 = .
2 25
1 Represent following complex numbers in polar form, with the principal argument.
(a) −4 + 4𝑖 (b) −25𝑖 C.W.
3𝜋 3𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
Answer: (a) 4√2 [𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 4 ) + 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 4 )] (b) 25 [𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 2 ) − 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 2 )].
2 𝜋
Answer: (a) √5 , − 𝑡𝑎𝑛−1 3 (b) 5 , − 2 .
4 Find the 𝐴𝑟𝑔 (𝑧), 𝑎𝑟𝑔 (𝑧) and convert into polar form, if
(a) 𝑧 = −1 − 𝑖 (b) 𝑧 = 1 + 𝑖 (c) 𝑧 = −2 − 2√3 𝑖. C.W.
Answer:
3𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋 3𝜋
(a) 𝐴𝑟𝑔(𝑧) = − , 𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑧) = − ± 2𝑘𝜋, 𝑘 = 0,1,2, …, √2 [𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 4 ) − 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 4 )]
4 4
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
(b) 𝐴𝑟𝑔(𝑧) = , 𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑧) = 4 ± 2𝑘𝜋, 𝑘 = 0,1,2, … , √2 [𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 4 ) + 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛 (4 )]
4
−2𝜋 −2𝜋 2𝜋 2𝜋
(c) 𝑟𝑔(𝑧) = , 𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑧) = ± 2𝑘𝜋, 𝑘 = 0,1,2, …, 4 [𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 3 ) − 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( 3 )] .
3 3
5 2
Find 𝑚𝑜𝑑(𝑧), 𝐴𝑟𝑔(𝑧) and 𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑧) for (a) 𝑧 = − 1+√3𝑖 (b) 𝑧 = −8𝑖. C.W.
2𝜋 2𝜋
Answer: (a) 𝑚𝑜𝑑(𝑧) = 1, 𝐴𝑟𝑔(𝑧) = , 𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑧) = ± 2𝑘𝜋, 𝑘 = 0,1,2, …
3 3
π 𝜋
(b) 𝑚𝑜𝑑(𝑧) = 8, 𝐴𝑟𝑔(𝑧) = − 2 , 𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑧) = − 2 ± 2𝑘𝜋, 𝑘 = 0,1,2, … .
5
Academic Year: 2022-2023
1 𝜃 𝑛𝜃
Prove that (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃)𝑛 + (1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃)𝑛 = 2𝑛+1 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑛 (2) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( 2 ),
2 1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼+𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 𝑛
Evaluate (1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼−𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼) , where 𝑛 is an integer. C.W.
𝜋 𝜋
Answer: cos 𝑛 ( 2 − 𝛼) + 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑛 (2 − 𝛼).
𝑛+2
3 Let 𝑛 be a positive integer. Then prove that (1 + 𝑖)𝑛 + (1 − 𝑖)𝑛 = 2 2
𝑛𝜋
𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( ). C.W.
4
4 (𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝜃+𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃)4 (𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝜃−𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝜃)5
Simplify (𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝜃+𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝜃)3 (𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝜃+𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝜃)−4 . C.W.
Answer: 1.
3
5 1 √3 4
Find all the values of (2 + 𝑖 2) . C.W.
(2𝑛+1)𝜋 (2𝑛+1)𝜋
Answer: cos ( ) + 𝑖 sin ( ), 𝑛 = 0, 1, 2, 3.
4 4
6 Find and graph all sixth roots of unity in the complex plane. C.W.
𝑖𝜋
Answer: 1, −1, 𝑤, 𝑤 2 , 𝑤 4 , 𝑤 5 , where 𝑤 = 𝑒 3
8 Solve 𝑥 5 − 1 = 0. H.W.
2𝑛𝜋 2𝑛𝜋
Answer: 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ( ) + 𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑛 ( ), 𝑛 = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4.
5 5
1
9 Find all the values of (−1)6 . H.W.
1 1
Answer: ±𝑖, 2 (√3 ± 𝑖), 2 (−√3 ± 𝑖).
6
Academic Year: 2022-2023
(4𝑛+1)𝜋
3
Show that 𝑖 𝑖 = 𝑒 − 2 . C.W.
5 Prove that |𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑧|2 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑦 and |𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑧|2 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑦,
where 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦. C.W.
6 𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
If 𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ(𝑢 + 𝑖𝑣) = 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦, then prove that + 𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ2 𝑢 = 1 and − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑣 = 1.
𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ2 𝑢 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑣
C.W.